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Nutrition In-Utero Administration in Pregnant Bali Cows; its Effect on Metabolite Status
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Nutrition In-Utero Administration in Pregnant Bali Cows; its Effect on Metabolite Status Muhammad Yusuf, Djoni Prawira Rahardja, Abdul Latief Toleng, Asmuddin Natsir, Syamsuddin Hasan. a. Judul Prosiding 2014 3rd International Conference on
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Nutrition In-Utero Administration in Pregnant Bali Cows; its Effect on Metabolite Status Muhammed Yusuf, Djoni Prawira Rahardja, Abdul Latief Toleng, Asmuddin Natsir, Syamsuddin Hasan.
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Environment, Energy and BiotechnologyIII
Volume 70Edited by
Ms. LiuJuan
ISBN 978-981-09-0253-7
IPCBEE Vol.70 2014
ISSN 2010-4618, Full text available at http://www.ipcbee.com
En
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9 7 89 8 1 0 9 0 2 5 3 7
Environment, Energy and
Biotechnology
Selected, peer reviewed papers from the
2014 3rd International Conference on
Environment, Energy and Biotechnology
(ICEEB 2014)
June 9-11, 2014, Bangkok, Thailand
Edited by
Liu Juan
Copyright ©2014 IACSIT Press, Singapore.
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PREFACE
Dear Distinguished Delegates and Guests, The Organizing Committee warmly welcomes our distinguished delegates and guests to the 2014 3rd International Conference on Environment, Energy and Biotechnology (ICEEB 2014) held on June, 9-11, 2014 in Bangkok, Thailand. ICEEB 2014 are sponsored by Asia-Pacific Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering Society (APCBEES), and supported by APCBEES Members and scholars from universities all round the world. If you have attended a conference sponsored by APCBEES before, you are aware that the conferences together report the results of research efforts in a broad range of Environment, Energy and Biotechnology society. These conferences are aimed at discussing with all of you the wide range of problems encountered in present and future high technologies. ICEEB 2014 are organized to gather members of our international community scientists so that researchers from around the world can present their leading-edge work, expanding our community’s knowledge and insight into the significant challenges currently being addressed in that research. The conference Program Committee is itself quite diverse and truly international, with membership from the Americas, Europe, Asia, Africa and Oceania. This proceeding records the fully refereed papers presented at the conference. The main conference themes and tracks are Environment, Energy and Biotechnology. The main goal of these events is to provide international scientific forums for exchange of new ideas in a number of fields that interact in-depth through discussions with their peers from around the world. Both inward research; core areas of Chemical, Environment, Energy and Biotechnology and outward research; multi-disciplinary, inter-disciplinary, and applications will be covered during these events. The conference has solicited and gathered technical research submissions related to all aspects of major conference themes and tracks. All the submitted papers in the proceeding have been peer reviewed by the reviewers drawn from the scientific committee, external reviewers and editorial board depending on the subject matter of the paper. Reviewing and initial selection were undertaken electronically. After the rigorous peer-review process, the submitted papers were selected on the basis of originality, significance, and clarity for the purpose of the conference. The selected papers and additional late-breaking contributions to be presented as lectures will make an existing technical program. The conference program is extremely rich, featuring high-impact presentations. The high quality of the program – guaranteed by the presence of an unparalleled number of internationally recognized top experts – can be assessed when reading the contents of the program. The conference will therefore be a unique event, where attendees will be able to appreciate the latest results in their field of expertise, and to acquire additional knowledge in other fields. The program has been structured to favor interactions among attendees coming from many diverse horizons, scientifically, geographically, from academia and from industry. Included in this will to favor interactions are social events at prestigious sites. We would like to thank the program chairs, organization staff, and the members of the program committees for their work. Thanks also go to Editor Ms. Liu Juan, Asia-Pacific Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering Society, for their wonderful editorial service to this proceeding. We are grateful to all those who have contributed to the success of ICEEB 2014. We hope
that all participants and other interested readers benefit scientifically from the proceedings and also find it stimulating in the process. Finally, we would like to wish you success in your technical presentations and social networking. We hope you have a unique, rewarding and enjoyable week at ICEEB 2014 in Bangkok, Thailand. With our warmest regards, The Organizing Committees June, 9-11, 2014 Bangkok, Thailand.
Organizing Committees
Conference General Co-Chairs
Prof. Byoung Ryong Jeong, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang
National University,Korea
Program Co-Chairs
Pedro Joaquin Gutierrez-Yurrita, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico
KUMARESAN LOGANATHAN, POST DOCTORAL RESEARCHER, Taiwan
IDA IDAYU MUHAMAD, HEAD DEPT OF BIOPROCESS ENG., FACULTY OF
CHEMICAL ENG., UIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA, JOHOR BAHRU 81310
JOHOR, MALAYSIA
RAAFAT ABDELGHANY ABOMANDOUR, Toxicology colleague (lecturer),
Mansoura University, Egypt
Contact Chair
Lydia Liu, Asia-Pacific Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering Society
Technical Committee
Tan Chew Khun, Jalan Universiti, 31900 Kampar, Perak,Malaysia
N.BALASUBRAMANIAN, Department of Chemical Engineering, Anna University,
India
Vinod Dnyandeo Gondkar, Pravara Rural Education Society’s Pravara Rural
Engineering College,India
Hazim Jabbar Al-Daraji, University of Baghdad, College of Agriculture, Baghdad,
Iraq
Dr. ABDUL BAKRUDEEN ALI AHMED, Faculty of Science, University of Malaysia
Dr. Jayarama Reddy, St. Joseph's College, Bangalore
Dr. Salinee Sriwongchai, Burapha University Sakaeo Campus,THAILAND
Pedro Joaquín Gutiérrez-Yurrita, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico
SARBJIT SINGH, National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
Bharat Bhushan Gulyani, Chemical Engineering department, Dubai
Dr. H.GOKUL, National College, Basavanagudi, BANGALORE, India
Dr. Nalini Sankararamakrishnan, Centre for Environmental Sciences and
Engineering, IIT Kanpur, INDIA
UMER RASHID, UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI PETRONAS, MALAYSIA
Phumin Kirawanich, Electrical Engineering Department, Mahidol University,
Thailand
Farid Amidi Fazli, Soofian IAU, Iran
Vikash Pratap Singh Bhadauria, MAHAMAYA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, NOIDA,
INDIA
SUJA GEORGE, MALAVIYA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY JAIPUR,
INDIA
Jeong Chun phuoc, Multimedia University Malaysia (MMU), Malaysia
Dr. P. PARTHEEBAN, St. Peter’s College of Engineering and Technology, India
Table of Contents
ICBBT 2014---Bioinformatics and Biomedical Technology
Focal Structure Analysis in Large Biological Networks Fatih Şen, Rolf T. Wigand, Nitin Agarwal, Mutlu Mete and Rafal Kasprzyk
1
A Novel Algorithm to Reconstruct Phylogenies Using Gene Sequences and Expression
Data
Krzysztof Bartoszek and Pietro Lió
8
On Progress in Developing a System for Individual Planning and Aiding Tumor
Resection and Bone Reconstruction in the Maxillo-Facial Area
Ewelina Świątek-Najwer, Marcin Majak, Michał Popek and Magdalena Żuk
13
A Complex System for Optimal Individual Planning and Supporting
Implant-Prosthetic Treatment for Oncological Patients after Resective-Reconstructive
Surgery
Marcin Majak, Ewelina Świątek-Najwer, Michał Popek, Magdalena Żuk
19
rRNA of Alphaproteobacteria Rickettsiales and mtDNA Pattern Analyzing by Decision
Tree Seung Jae Lim and Taeseon Yoon
24
X-ray Based Planning of Implant-Prosthetic Treatment for Oncological Patients after
Post-Resective Maxilla/Mandible Reconstruction - Quantitative Evaluation of
Implantation Results
Magdalena Żuk, Ewelina Świątek-Najwer, Marcin Majak, Michał Popek and Daniel Szram
32
Improved Prediction of Protein-Small Organic Ligand Binding Sites Via
Consensus-Based Ranking with Linear Regression
Ibrahim Hijazi and Lukasz Kurgan
37
Controlled Red-Ox Reactions of Certain Cephalostatin analogs with anti-Cancer
Activity
Mansour Nawasreh
43
ICEEB 2014---Environment, Energy and Biotechnology
Chemical Warfare: An Unprecedented Environmental Threat Andrew Reginald Chakrabarty and Abhay J.Simha
49
Optimization of Biodiesel Production by Acinetobacter spp Using Response Surface
Methodology Malinee Sriariyanun, Suksun Amornraksa, Theerawut Phusantisampan, Kittipong
Rattanaporn, and Kraipat Cheenkachorn
53
Environmental Impact Assessment of the Development of Primary Aluminium
Industry in Indonesia based on MFA and LCA as a Baseline Study to Achieve
Sustainable Industry Asri Suciati and Naohiro Goto
58
A New Way to Protect Natural Areas through the Human Rights. The Case of Ethnic
Minorities in Mexico.
64
Blanca Andrea Ortega-Marín and Pedro Joaquín Gutiérrez-Yurrita
Application of In-line High Shear Mixing Process in the Oxidative-Adsorptive
Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel
Mark Daniel G. de Luna, Raymond A. Dayrit, and Meng-Wei Wan
69
Analysis of Barley microRNAs under Salinity Stress Using Small RNA-Seq Thi Hoang Yen Dang, Atul Kamboj, Mark Ziemann and Mrinal Bhave
74
Development of a Prefabricated and User Friendly Stance-Control Orthosis
Muhammad Rakib, Imtiaz Choudhury and N.A. Abu Osman
80
Development of Patient Specific Ankle Foot Orthosis through 3D Reconstruction Morshed Alam, I. A. Choudhury and M. Azuddin
84
Energy Consumption Analysis in Myanmar: the Past, Present and Future
Swe Swe Than and Boonrod Sajjakulnukit
89
Nutrition In-Utero Administration in Pregnant Bali Cows; its Effect on Metabolite
Status
Muhammad Yusuf, Djoni Prawira Rahardja, Abdul Latief Toleng, Asmuddin Natsir,
Syamsuddin Hasan
94
Batch and Fed-Batch Cultivations of Oleaginous Bacterium Rhodococcus erythropolis
for Lipid Production Using Glucose Medium with Auxiliary Nitrogen Source
Salinee Sriwongchai
99
Preliminary Study on Heavy Metals Contents of Gloves and Masks Used by Allied
Medical Health Professionals
Judilynn N. Solidum and Gilmore G. Solidum
104
Abnormal High Formation Pressure Prediction and Causes Analysis Yuan Cao, Jingen Deng, Baohua Yu
109
Modified Sol-Gel Method in TiO2 Fabrication for Conversion of Glucose to
High-Value Chemicals
Orousa Panatta, Jiraporn Payormhorm, Siriluk Chiarakorn, Navadol Laosiripojana and
Surawut Chuangchote
114
Conversion of Sugar to Organic Acids using TiO2 Photcatalysts Synthesized by
Hydrothermal Process
Nuch Puttipat, Jiraporn Payormhorm, Siriluk Chiarakorn, Navadol Laosiripojana and
SurawutChuangchote
119
Development of Alkaline/Organosolv Pretreatment of Rice Straw to Enhance High
Solid Loading Saccharification
Naphatsaya Denchokpraguy, Verawat Champreda, and Navadol Laosiripojana
123
Activity of GDC and YDC Synthesize by Co-Precipitation Method toward Water Gas
Shift Reaction Eumporn Buarod, Navadol Laosiripojana, Sumittra Charojrochkul
128
Investigating the Prospects of Using Novel Thermal Power Pump Cycle Coupled with
Reverse Osmosis System for Water Desalination
Abhijit Date, S.V. Ghaisas, Ashwin Date and Aliakbar Akbarzadeh
132
Essential Oil Compositions from Leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. and 137
Callistemon viminalis Originated from Malaysia
Elnaiem Elaagib Mubarak, Sadegh Mohajer, Ibrahim Fatah Alrhman Ahmed and Rosna
Mat Taha
Microwave Synthesis of Monodisperse TiO2 Quantum Dots and Enhanced
Visible-Light Photocatalytic Properties
Songling Wang and Michael H.K. Leung
142
Influence of H2 and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Containing
Uptake Hydrogenase on Soybean Growth Promotion
Narongrit Sakunpon, Nantakorn Boonkerd, Neung Teaumroong, Shin Okazaki, Panlada
Tittabutr
147
Phosphate Recovery by Crystallization Process Using Magnesium Ammonium
Phosphate Crystals as Seed Material
Mark Daniel G. de Luna, Ralf Ruffel M. Abarca, Yao-Hui Huang, Ming-Chun Lu
152
Selection of Normal Melting Temperature Data of Imidazolium-type Ionic Liquids by
Chemical Homology
José O. Valderrama and Richard A. Campusano
157
Artificial Neural Networks and the Melting Temperature of Ionic Liquids
José O. Valderrama and Claudio A. Faúndez
162
Author Index 167
Nutrition In-Utero Administration in Pregnant Bali Cows; its Effect
on Metabolite Status
Muhammad Yusuf1+
, Djoni Prawira Rahardja1, Abdul Latief Toleng
1, Asmuddin Natsir
2,
Syamsuddin Hasan2
1 Department of Animal Production Faculty of Animal Science Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245,
Indonesia 2 Department of Animal Nutrition Faculty of Animal Science Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245,
Indonesia
Abstract. The aim of this study was to know the effect of nutrition in-utero administration on metabolite
status in pregnant Bali cows. A total of 90 Bali cows were clinically examined in the present study for
pregnancy status. Out of 90 cows, 33 cows were pregnant at various age of pregnancy. The remaining 57
cows did not become pregnant at the time of clinical examination. All cows were treated with nutrition in-
utero. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and glucose concentrations were measured before and during
treatment. The results of this study showed that concentrations of BUN, creatinine, and glucose before
treatment (mean±SD) were 12.1±4.5 mg/dL, 1.7±0.4 mg/dL, and 56.1±23.4 mg/dL, respectively. After
treating the cows, the concentrations of BUN, creatinine, and glucose were relatively similar to the
concentrations before treatment; 11.7±5.5 mg/dL, 1.6±0.2 mg/dL, and 50.9±8.4 mg/dL, respectively.
Likewise, non-pregnant cows that showed normal ovarian activity, the concentrations of BUN, creatinine,
and glucose were also relatively similar both before and after treatment (14.2±7.6 mg/dL vs 11.8±2.7 mg/dL;
1.3±0.1 mg/dL vs 1.6±0.2 mg/dL; and 46.9±9.2 mg/dL vs 56.6±20.5 mg/dL). It is noteworthy that in anestrus
cows, the concentration of glucose before treatment was only 28.7±15.0 mg/dL and it was increased to
53.0±7.1 mg/dL after treatment, while concentrations of BUN and creatinine were relatively similar both
before and after treatment (12.9±0.8 mg/dL vs 8.4±0.2 mg/dL and 1.0±0.2 mg/dL vs 1.6±0.1 mg/dL). In
conclusion, Bali cows with normal concentrations of BUN, creatinine, and glucose during pregnancy tended
to maintain their metabolite status. Administration of nutrition in-utero in anestrus cows improved glucose
concentration.
Keywords: bali cows, metabolite status, nutrition in-utero, pregnancy, anestrus.
1. Introduction
Pregnancy consists of a series of small, continuous physiologic adjustments that affect the metabolism of
all nutrients [1] Moreover, although pregnancy is a continuum of small physiologic adjustments, the changes
are often grouped by period of gestation, ie, the first and last halves, the 3 trimesters, or the 4 quarters of
pregnancy. These adjustments in nutrient metabolism are complex and evolve continuously throughout
pregnancy. Therefore, major adaptations in maternal physiology and metabolism are required for successful
pregnancy [2].
As gestation progresses, reference ranges from for the concentration of many biochemical parameters
change significantly from those found in the non-pregnant state [2], [3], including metabolite status. As a
dynamic and anabolic state, pregnancy within several weeks, a new endocrine organ, the placenta is already
formed and is secreting hormones that affect the metabolism of all nutrients [1]. In this mechanism, lacking
of certain nutrient; for example in cow’s diet is hypothesized to have changes in metabolite state and
Corresponding author. Tel.: +62-411-587111; fax: +62-411-583111.
E-mail address: [email protected]
2014 3rd International Conference on Environment Energy and Biotechnology IPCBEE vol.70 (2014) © (2014) IACSIT Press, Singapore
DOI: 10.7763/IPCBEE. 2014. V70. 18
94
subsequently affecting the pattern of fetal growth. Therefore, the aim of this study was to know the effect of
nutrition in-utero administration on metabolite status in pregnant Bali cows.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals and management
A total of 90 Bali cows in smallholder farms were used in this study. The cows were mainly raised by the
farmers concurrently with all their cattle in the same management. Likewise, the cows were managed
without any different treatment including nutritional requirements during pre-calving, postpartum, lactating
and pregnant, and gestation. The animals were sent out to the field at the day-time and housed at the nigh-
time. Feedstuffs consisted of grass and rice straw; sometimes they were fed rice bran without any concentrate
and mineral supplements [4].
All cows were clinically examined for pregnancy status. The cows that did not become pregnant at the
time of clinical examination, they were then examined for reproductive physiological status. All cows were
treated with nutrition in-utero for four months. Nutrition in-utero was made as UMMB-like with nutrient
composition is shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Nutrient composition of “Nutrition in Utero” and feedstuff that used in the study
Content Composition (%)
Nutrition in Utero (UMMB-like) Feedstuff
Water 26.43 70.12
Crude protein 31.23 6.15
Crude fat 25.22 6.35
Crude fiber 9.33 31.46
Nitrogen free extract 10.01 41.06
Ash 24.21 14.49
Calcium 2.67 0.70
Phosphor 1.09 0.40
2.2. Reproductive management
Under smallholder raising cattle, the farmers have no special management for reproduction including
recording, estrous induction/synchronization, heat detection aid. However, mainly farmers could recognize
the animal in estrus, especially standing estrus. When the animal showing estrus, the farmers are usually
inform to the inseminator for artificial insemination (AI) or natural mating by bull if available or seek by
request to the neighbour bull for mating.
2.3. Blood collection
Blood samples were collected two times; before and after treating with nutrition in-utero from all cows
in the morning between 08:30 and 10:00 am via jugularis vein into evacuated vacuum tubes containing K3-
EDTA. After collection, a drop of sample were taken for glucose test using Easy Touch® GCU, then the
samples were kept at 4°C and were centrifuged within 4 h at 1500 x g for 15 min to collect plasma. The
plasma was then stored frozen at -20°C until analyzed for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine [4].
2.4. Data analysis
Data were tabulated and statistically analyze using Microsoft Excel, 2007. All data were
presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). These parameters were compared using analysis of
variance (ANOVA).
95
3. Results and Discussion
Out of 90 cows that clinically examined in the present study, 33 cows were pregnant at various age of
pregnancy. The remaining 57 cows did not become pregnant with various reproductive physiologies such as
active and inactive ovaries at the time of clinical examination. Before treating with nutrition in-utero,
concentrations of BUN, creatinine, and glucose in pregnant Bali cows (mean±SD) were 12.1±4.5 mg/dL,
1.7±0.4 mg/dL, and 56.1±23.4 mg/dL, respectively. After treating the cows, the concentrations of BUN,
creatinine, and glucose were relatively similar to the concentrations before treatment; 11.7±5.5 mg/dL,
1.6±0.2 mg/dL, and 50.9±8.4 mg/dL, respectively (Tabel 2).
Table 2. Concentration of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine and glucose in pregnant Bali cows before and after
treating with nutrition in utero
Concentration (mg/dL)
BUN Creatinine Glucose
Before treatment
Mean 12.1 1.7 56.1
Standard deviation 4.5 0.4 23.4
Minimum 6.5 1.1 20.0
Maximum 20.3 2.6 118.0
Before treatment
Mean 11.7 1.6 50.9
Standard deviation 5.5 0.2 8.4
Minimum 5.0 1.2 37.0
Maxi mum 27.2 2.2 67.0
Non-pregnant cows that showed normal ovarian activity, the concentration of BUN was slightly
decreased (14.2±7.6 mg/dL vs 11.8±2.7 mg/dL) (Fig. 1), however, the concentrations of creatinine, and
glucose were increased (1.3±0.1 mg/dL vs 1.6±0.2 mg/dL; and 46.9±9.2 mg/dL vs 56.6±20.5 mg/dL) (Fig. 2
and 3). It is noteworthy that in anestrus cows, the concentration of glucose before treatment was only
28.7±15.0 mg/dL and it was increased significantly to 53.0±7.1 mg/dL (Figure 3) after treatment, while
concentrations of BUN and creatinine were relatively similar both before and after treatment (12.9±0.8
mg/dL vs 8.4±0.2 mg/dL and 1.0±0.2 mg/dL vs 1.6±0.1 mg/dL) (Fig. 1 and 2).
Fig. 1: Changes in BUN concentration of pregnant, cyclic ovary and inactive ovaries in Bali cows before and after
treating with nutrition in utero
Evaluation of blood biochemical provides an opportunity to expect the healthy production in animals [5].
Likewise, this evaluation is also valid for cows at different reproductive physiological state. In pregnant
cows, this evaluation is useful in expecting the healthiness of fetal growth. For example, glucose is a primary 96
nutrient for conceptus growth and milk synthesis [6]. Moreover, they stated that glucose is the most
important source of fuel for oxidation in fetal and placental tissues. While in non-pregnant cows, this
evaluation would able to describe the ovarian function especially in anestrous cows. Low concentration of
glucose in postpartum cows tended to increase the interval between calving and resumption of ovarian cycle.
It is noteworthy that anestrous cows in the present study were likely to have ovarian activity after treating
with nutrition in-utero. This may due to that the level of both energy and protein as well as minerals content
in the diet improved the reproductive state of the animals. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the animals
in any state of reproductive physiology for their metabolite state in relation to their diet and production.
In conclusion, Bali cows with normal concentrations of BUN, creatinine, and glucose during pregnancy
tended to maintain their metabolite status. Administration of nutrition in-utero in anestrous cows improved
glucose concentration and improved ovarian function.
Fig. 2: Changes in creatinine concentration of pregnant, cyclic ovary and inactive ovaries in Bali cows before and after
treating with nutrition in utero
Fig. 3: Changes in glucose concentration of pregnant, cyclic ovary and inactive ovaries in Bali cows before and after
treating with nutrition in utero
97
4. Acknowledgements
This study was supported by the Directorate General for Higher Education of Indonesia through
competitive research of Institute for Research and Community Services Hasanuddin University No.
746/UN4.20/PL.09/2013. Our sincere thanks are due to the farmers in Bantaeng Regency involved in this
study for their cooperation.
5. References
[1] J. C. King 2000. Physiology of pregnancy and nutrient metabolism. Am. J. Clin. Nutr, 71 (suppl): 1218S-1225S.
[2] S. Y. Gurgoze, A. K. Zonturlu, N. Ozyurtlu, H. Icen 2009. Investigation of some biochemical parameters and
mineral substance during pregnancy and postpartum period in Awassi ewes. Kafkas Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg. 15 (6):
957-963.
[3] G. Lockitch 1997. Clinical biochemistry of pregnancy. Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci. 34 (1): 67-139.
[4] M. Yusuf, D. P. rahardja, A. L. Toleng, A. Natsir, S. Hasan 2013. Metabolite status of Bali cows during the last
trimester of pregnancy. International Proceedings of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering;
Agriculture and Biotechnology. 47-50.
[5] S. Nozad, A. Ramin, G. Moghadam , S. Asri-Rezaei, A. Babapour, S. Ramin 2012. Relationship between blood
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