Download - quy trình sản xuất Phân Compost
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8/10/2019 quy trnh sn xut Phn Compost
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TRNG I HC S PHMKHOA SINHMI TRNG
BO CO
KIM SOT MI TRNGNNG NGHIP
NHM 5L Th Dim KiuDng Hoi Nam
Nguyn Th Vn NgaPhm Th Thy Ng
L Th Hng Thy
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8/10/2019 quy trnh sn xut Phn Compost
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SN XUT COMPOST T
CHT THI NNG NGHIP
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CC YU T NH HNG N PHN
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Compost: l s chuyn i sinh hc ca cht thihu c thnh mn
NH NGHA BN CHT PHN COMPOST
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MC TIU CA PHN COMPOST
Bin i cc cht thi hu c thnh 1 snphm sinhhcnnhv gimlngchtthitrong nng nghip.
Tiu dit mmbnh, trng cn trng, cc sinh vt
khng mong mun.
Gilitiachtdinh dng( m, ln, kali)
Sn xut snphm s dng lm thuc tng trngcho thcvtv citot.
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Cc loi rc thi trong nng nghip
Sn xut cy trng
Chn nui gia sc Nui trng thy sn
S ch nng sn
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QUY TRNH SN XUT PHN COMPOST
QUY TRNH TI H GIA NH
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Bc 1: Lm thng rc hu c v chn v tr t thng
Chn loi thng bng nha,hnh trn, dung tch 160lt
Vch thng c khoan nhiulnhcch nhau 10 cm -15 cm.
Hai bn thnh thng gn mpy thng c khoan 2 cavung khong2 - 3 tcvung
Chn v tr t thng: Cch xangun nc sinh hot, lm bbnggch,bxi mng,tchunhathu ncrtrc.
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Bc 2: Phn loi rc v b rc hu c vo thng
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Bc 3: Qu trnh rc thnh phn compost
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Kimtra m
Nubp thyncrra ngoi ktay l thanc,cnbsung thm l ckh, rmriuchnhm.
Nubp thyrc dnh chtth mtyu cu.
Nu bp thy rc khng dnh cht (bi ri) thkhng nc,cnbsung thm nc(va).
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8/10/2019 quy trnh sn xut Phn Compost
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o trn v kim tra nhit
Sau 10 ngy ophn trnutrongthng mtln
Sau 2-3 thng, rc sphn hythnh
phn compost
Kim tra nhit bng cch dngmt cnh ti cm vo gia khi
phn . Sau 5 hoc 6 ngy rt cnhcy ra khingphn v svophncmtrong khiphn ,nuthycnhcy nng mnhl tyu cu.
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Khi rc c mi hi, ruinhng
Ri mt lp t mng khhocrmr,l ckh
Hocdng trobprilnb
mtnggimmi hiv rui, sau tip tcbsung thm rc
Khng nn b sung thmncvo thng rc.
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Lyphn compost ra ngoi
Sau 2-3 thng th lpphn bndi y thng s phn hytrc. Ta ly phn ra t 2 ca
bn di.
Phn ti xp, ht mn, khngc mi hi thi, ng mu nuen (c im ca phn
compost) lyra cabn dibn cho rau mu, cy king.
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8/10/2019 quy trnh sn xut Phn Compost
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QUY TRNH SN XUT COMPOSTTRONG CNG NGHIP
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CC H THNG SN XUT PHN COMPOST
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H thng khng l phn ng
Sn xut compost dng nh lung
Dnglung c 3 titdingiao nhau, chiudi lnhnchiucao. Chiurnggp2 lnchiucao. Thng thng chiucao
l tngl 2,1-2,4mvichiurngt 4,2-4,8m.
Kch thcca lung s cho php gi nhit sinh ra trongqu trnh v cng cho php khng kh lan truyn vo cc
phnsu calung.
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Dng lung kiu tnh
Dnglungkiutnhthikh tnhin
Khng xo trnlung compost
Phngphp lm thikh l tnhin
uimDthchin, kinh ph thpPh hpvinhngncangpht trin
NhcimChtlngcompost km, khng uThigian lu
Nngsutthp
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Dng lung kiu tnh thi kh cng bc
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uim
Dkimsot khi vnhnh hthng, cbitl kimsot
nhitv nngoxi trong lung
Gimmi hi v mmbnh
Thigian ngn(3-6 tun)
Nhcim
Hthngcung cpkh c thtcnghn, do cnphitu savbotr thngxuyn
Chi phbotr hthngv nnglngthikh lm cho chi ph
caphngphp ny cao hnthikh tnhin
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Dng lung kiu c o trn
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uim
Do xo trnthngxuyn nn compost thu ckh u
Vnutv chi ph vnhnh thpv khng cnhthng
cung cpkh.
Nhcim
Thigian di (khong3-6 thng)
Do sdngthikh tnhin nn kh qunl, kh kimsot
nhitv mmbnh
Xo trnlungcompost thnggy thtthot nitv gy mi
Qu trnh c thbphthucvo thitit
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H thng l phn ng
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Mctiu tinhnh snxutcompost trong l
Tngtcqu trnh compost thng qua vicduytr nhngiukin ttnhtcho vi sinh vthot
ng.
Gim thiu hoc loib nhng tc ng c hiln mi trngxung quanh
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uim
t chustc ngcathitit Kimsot qu trnh v mi hi tthn
Thigian ngn
Sdngdintch tt nhttrong ccphngphp Chtlngcompost tt
Nhcim
Vnutv chi ph vnhnh cao.
Thitkphctpv cntrnh cao.
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CC YU T NH HNG N PHN COMPOST
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50-55oC cho nhng ngy u.55-60oC cho nhng ngy cn li.Nhit qu 65oC s lm gimng k cc hot ng sinh hc
55650C
Q
u trnhch binphn vnhiu quv mm
bnh btiu dit
Phn hu c khngt tiu chun v
mm bnh
c ch hot ngca vi sinh vt
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25-75mm
Ngc li, vt liu c kch thc qu ln s c xp cao v to ra
cc rnh kh lm cho sphn b kh khng u, khng c li choqu trnh ch bin phn hu c.
Tuy nhin, nu kch thc vt liu qu nh v cht lm hn ch slu thng khtrong ng , iu ny s lm gim oxy cn thit chocc vi sinh vt trong ng v gim mc hot tnh ca vi sinhvt.
xp ti u s thay i tu
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xp ti u s thay i tutheo loi vt liu ch bin phn.Thng thng, xp cho qu
trnh ch bin din ra tt khong
3560%, ti u l 32 36%.
Kh kh hi
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Khng kh phic tip xc vitt c c vt liu
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Kch thc v hnh dng ca cc ng c nh hng n s
kim sot nhit v m cng nh kh nng cung cp oxy
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25/1 hoc 50/1 (ti u l 25/1).
Khong 20% - 40%C ca cht thi hu c (trong cht thi np liu)cn thit cho qu trnh ng ho thnh t bo mi, phn cn li
chuyn ho thnh CO2. Cacboncung cp nng lng v sinh khi cbn to ra khong 50% khi lng t bo vi sinh vt.Nitl thnhphn ch yu caprotein, acid nucleic, acid amin, enzyme, co-enzyme cn thit cho s pht trin v hot ng ca t bo.
C rt nhiu nguyn t nh hng n qu trnh phn hy do vi sinhvt: trong cacbon v nit l cn thit nht, t l C/N l thng s dinhdng quan trng nht; Photpho (P) l nguyn t quan trng k tip;Lu hunh (S), canxi (Ca) v cc nguyn t vi lng khc cng ngvai tr quan trng trong trao i cht ca t bo.
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Oxy cngl mttrong nhngthnhphncnthitcho qu trnh phn rc. Khi vi sinh vtoxy ha carbon tonng lng, oxy scsdngv kh CO2csinh ra. Khi khng c oxy th strthnh qu trnh ymkh v tora mi hi nhmi trngg thicakh H2S.
Cc vi sinh vthiukh c thsngcnngoxybng5%.Nngoxy lnhn10% ccoi l tiucho qu trnh phn
rc hiukh.
Cung cp photpho kali
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Cung cp photpho, kaliv cc chtv ckhc nhCa, Fe, Bo, Cu,... l cnthitcho schuynha ca
vi sinh vt.Vtliu N(%) C/NTri cy hhng 1,52 34,8
Phn b 1,7 18Phn heo 3,75 20
Phn gia cm 6,3 15Rmynmch 1,05 48
Mn ca 0,1 200-500Rm la m 0,3 128
Gthng 0,07 732Hnhpgiy 0,25 173
C 2,15 20,1L ti 0,5-1 40-80Lcbnh 1,96 20,9
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7-7,5 l ti u cho s phn hy hiukh. pH
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Chbinphn hucl mtqu trnhphctpbao gmnhiuloivisinh vtkhc nhau. V sinh vt trong qu trnh chbinphn huc
bao gm: actinomycetes v vi khun (Vi khunaxit lactic, Vi khunquang hp,Bacillus Natto, Men, Xkhun,Cladosporium). Nhngloivi sinh vtny c sntrong chthuc,c thbsung thm vi sinh vttcc ngunkhc
gip qu trnh phn hyxyra nhanh v hiuquhn.
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Vn tc phn hy dao ng tu theo thnh phn, kch thc, tnh
chtcachthuc. Chthucho tan th dphn hyhncht
huckhng ho tan. Lignin v ligno cellulosics l nhngcht
phn hyrtchm
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thi gian
Thnh phn ca cc cht dinh dng v cht hu c a dng
T l C / N hp l :25 - 30
pH trung tnh hoc kim: 6 - 8
Thnh phn ca kim loi nng v cc cht nhim hu cthp
CHT LNG PHN COMPOST
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Khng c thnh phn gy tr ngi cho tng trng thc vt
Hu ht l phi loi b cc tp cht
Hu ht l loi b ht germinatable v cc b phn thc vtsng
Thnh phn thp
Mi c trng
Mu nu sm n en
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TNH HNH P DNG SN XUTCOMPOST TI VIT NAM
U phn compost, tix ngPh(ChngM)
U phn compost huynTnh Linh(Bnh Thun)
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Nh my phn hu c Cu Dim, Vit Tr, Ph Th
Nh my x l rc Nam nh Nh my phn rc Bun M Thut, c Lc
Nh my x l rc thi- ch bin phn hu c vi sinh Nam Thnh,
Ninh Thun
Nh my phn bn Hc Mn, thnh ph H Ch Minh
Nh my x l cht thi Tn Thnh, B Ra-Vng Tu
Nh my sn xut phn compost Plus, Long An
Khu lin hp X l cht thi rn Nam Bnh Dng, tnh Bnh Dng.
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Khu lin hp X l cht thi rn NamBnh Dng, tnh Bnh Dng
Nh my X l rc thi TP C Mau
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Sn xut phn compost Hi An
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Rc d phn hy chun b vo hm ti nh my SX phn Compost
TP. Hi An
Xe chuyn dng ca cng tyCTCC thu gom rc thi
Nh my sn xut phnCompost
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Phn compost c chn sau75 ngy ti gc vn ca h gia
nh lng rau Tr Qu
Hc rc ca h gia nh tiCm Nam
Sn xut compost quy m h gia nh
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TI LIU THAM KHO
1. n To ra snphm compost cht lng cao tph thi nngnghip_ inhTnHi2. Kim sot mi trng nng nghipNguyn Khc Liu, i hc
Hu3. Lun vn nghin cu sn xut phn compost t cht hu c trong
chtthirnsinh hottitp HCh Minh.4. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHY5. http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/6. Ti liuhng dn tphun truynthng mi trngcngng
tiTP. HiAn_Phng TNMT TP. HiAn
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHY -
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