Download - SCADA User Group Presentation
Automation TopicsAutomation Topics
General Applications
Substation & Distribution Automation
Relay Protection and Co-ordination
Smart Grid
General ApplicationsGeneral Applications
• Synchronous Condensers
• High Voltage DC Stations
• Wind Farms & SA
• Solar Applications & SA
Synchronous CondensersSynchronous Condensers
• Definition
• MVAR Control Leads to P.F. Control
• Condensers vs. Cap Banks
• Operation of an Electrical Generator
• Zion Nuclear Station – Big Cap Bank
High Voltage DC StationsHigh Voltage DC Stations
• Definition
• Dollars and Sizes
• Purposes– Grid Connections
– Stability over Distances
– Configurations
• Automation Controls
Substation & Distribution AutomationSubstation & Distribution Automation
• SCADA – Traditional Functionality
• Functional Requirements
• Elements of Automation IEDs
• RTU Configuration
• Data Integration & Management
Traditional FunctionalityTraditional Functionality
• Automatic Voltage Control / Tap Position
• Breaker Failure Detection / Data Logging
• Load Shedding / Dead Bus Transfer
• RTU Provides Contact Based Local I/O
• Master Station Provides the User Interface
• Station Control System is Isolated from the rest of the Enterprise
Functional RequirementsFunctional Requirements
• Flexible Real Time Mass Data Management
• Security (NERC)
• Load Auto Sectionalizing / Auto Restoration
• Low Data Latency
• Scalability in Size and Function
• Substation Hardened with Noise Immunity
• Use of Standard H/W & F/W Components
Elements of AutomationElements of Automation
• Cap Controls
• Regulators & LTCs
• SOE
• Digital Fault Recording
• Protective Relays
• PLC Functions
Typical RTU ConfigurationTypical RTU Configuration
Multifunction Gateway
Local I/O
status
control
analogBreakerControl
ProgrammableLogic Controllers
Metering
ProtectiveRelays
LocalHMI
GPS Time Base
ALARMSUMMARY8:03:56PMNAHMWestSt.FeederBreakerLockout
8:03:52PMNAHMWestSt.FeederBreakerReclose
8:03:42PMNAHMWestSt.FeederBreakerTripped
8:03:36PMNAHMWestSt.FeederBreakerReclose
8:03:34PMNAHMWestSt.FeederBreakerTripped
8:02:24PMNAHMWestSt.Current620.5HiHiLimit
8:01:53PMNAHMWestSt.Current540.6HiLimit
NAHM
Traction Power SCADA Master
EnterpriseNetwork
Data Integration & ManagementData Integration & Management
• Data must be Integrated and Communicated– Operational Data for Power Dispatchers
– Engineering Data for System Analysis
• Multifunction Gateway is Required– Interoperability of Multiple Protocols
– Local I/O to Legacy Devices
– Must be easily Configurable
Relay Protection & Co-ordinationRelay Protection & Co-ordination
• Generator
• Transformers
• Line
• Bus
• Feeders
Smart GridSmart Grid
• Enhanced transmission or distribution networks that utilize network technology, distributed computing, associated sensors and software.
Smart Grid – Smart MeteringSmart Grid – Smart Metering
• Demand Response
• Distributed Generation Management
• Electrical Storage Management
• Thermal Storage Management
• Transmission Management
• Power Outage and Restoration Detection
• Power Quality Management
• Preventive Maintenance Improves the Reliability, Security / Efficiency of the Grid