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Ţesuturile mediului intern. Mezenchimul.
Sângele şi limfa
a
f
b
c
d
e
Derivatele mezenchimului:1. Sângele2. Endoteliul vascular3. Ţesuturile conjunctive4. Ţesutul muscular neted
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Sângele
Plazmă Elementele figurate
Apă+S.neorganice+S.organice
EritrociteLeucociteTrombocite
Proteinele:1.sistemului de coagulare: -coagulanţi: factorii de coagulare, fibrinogenul-anticoagulanţi (sistemul fibrinolitic)2.ce participă în reacţiile imune:-complementul-Imunoglobulinele3.de transport: albumina (bilirubină, testosteron...), transferina (Fe)
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Eritrocit
discocit
7-8mkm
normocit+
<7mkm microcitsau
>8mkm macrocit
anizocitoză
SferociteEliptociteStomatociteEchinocite...
poichilocitoză
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Citolema eritrocitului
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Eritrocitele se pot deforma
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Tromb: fibrină, eritrocite
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Hb –120-140 g/l
Tipurile:1. Embrionară – la embrionul de 19
săptămâni, dispare după 6 luni2. Fetală – la 8-36 săptămână.
Constituie 95% din Hb fătului3. Definitivă (adultului) – HbA1 – 96-
98%, HbA2- 1-3%
Forme :1. Dezoxihemoglobină2. Oxihemoglobină3. Carbhemoglobină
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Leucocite granulare Neutrofil
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Eozinofil
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Bazofil
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Limfocite
-
B T
Imunoglobuline
+ Th
Ts
Tk
Tm
plasmocite
Bm
Nk0 (nule)
Be
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T limfocit
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Monocit
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Leucocite agranulare
Limfocit
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Macrofag alveolar fagocitând E.coli
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Trombocite
1. Plasmalema+glicocalix2. Invaginări ale plasmalemei3. Filamente actinice4. 5. Microtubuli 6. α –granule7. β – granule8. Mitocondrii9. Glicogen10. Ferritină11. Lizozomi12. Peroxizomi
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Eritrocite, trombocite, limfocit
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Hemograma
Eritrocite – 3,7-5,5x1012/l Hb – 120-140 g/lLeucocite – 3,8-9x109/l Trombocite – 200-400x109/l
Formula leucocitară
Leucocite – 3,8-9x109/l Neutrofile segmentate –65-75%Neutrofile nesegmentate – 1-5%Eozinofile – 1-5%Bazofile – 0-1%Limfocite – 20-35%Monocite – 6-10%
! În condiţii de normă nu există diferenţe semnificabile (de o careva importanţă clinică) de număr a elementelor figurate a sângelui dependente de sex
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Recunoaşteţi elementele figurate !
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