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BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY FACULITY OF ENGINEERIN
EITEX
Seminar On : Textile Dyeing Machine
BY:
SINTAYEHU TEDESSE
COURCE MANAGER: Prof.Dr.S.Kathirrvelu
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Scope of Presentation
INTRODUCTIONFIBERS DYEING MACHINEYARNS DYEING MACHINEFABRICS DYEING MACHINE
GARMENTS DYEING MACHINE
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
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Textile dyeing:
Dyeingis the process of adding color to textile products like fiberfabric.
Dyeing machine:
the machine which is used to dyeing or coloring of materialsgarment or any other materials is called dyeing machine.
Dyeing machines come in all shapes and sizes to accommodate and quantities of textile materials.
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Materials Dyed
Fibers
Stock dyeing
Flock dyeing
Yarns
Skein dyeing
Package dyeing
Beam dyeing
FabricsPiece dyeing
(woven, knitted a
cloths)
Garments - G
dyeing
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Fiber dyeing machine Yarn dyeing machi
Knit dyeing machine Woven dyeing ma
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DYEING MACHINES FOR LOOSE FIBRE
The goods hold in a co
perforated inward sloping si
The fibers are gradually p
pan,
The top plate prevents th
from flooding the top of the
the pan fits onto a central
dye solution from the pum
of the fibre mass.
The entire pan or cage s
container, also with a closed
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MACHINES FOR DYEING YARN
Hank dyeing machine
Features :
Machine is suitable for 98 c temperature
Automatic reversal device for the control of the flow direction
All oxidation outlets are provided with valves and dosing pump
Machine is suitable for vat dyeing and is provided with dye add
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Package dyeing machines
Cont..
Cones Cylindrical packages Cheeses
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Package dyeing machines
Cont..
The cone or cheese obtained f
wound on to perforated cone haBASIC FEATURES OF YARN DYEING M
CREEL
OVERHEAD CRAIN
PRESSURE WASHER
CONES
CIRCULATION PUMP
REVERSAL FLOW
HEAT EXCHANGER
SERVICE TANK
CONTROL PANEL
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Package dyeing machines
Cont..
Vertical dyeing machine
C
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Package dyeing machines
Cont..
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Beam dyeing machine
HT Beam Dye
The perforated beam is initially wrapped with a non-absorbent n
fabric before winding. This acts as a solution disperser and filter.
types of package, the uniform winding of the yarn onto
prerequisite for successful level dyeing.
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MACHINES FOR DYEING FABRIC
Knit Dyeing Machine
Winch dyeing machine
Winch machine doesnt have liquor
circulation mechanism.
Work with high liquor ratio from 1:20-
1:30.
Dye penetration is not assisted by
nozzle pressure, Work relatively at lower temperature
and pressure.
Utilize much energy, chemical and
water.
Have a feature to directly to add
chemicals to the machine.
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Winch dyeing machine
Construction and operation if winch is
very simple.
The winch dyeing machines are
suitable for types of wet processing
operation from desizing to softening.
The tension exerted on winch is less
than jigger.
The appearance of the dyed goods is
clean and smooth on winch dyeing
machine.
Batch dyeing operati
sewing, opening out
and unloading fo
separately.
Since several length
over the winch reel
sewn end to end,
processing is not po
batch.
Fabric is processed i
lead to create mar
heavy, woven thin an
Most of the mach
atmospheric conditio
Advantage of Winch
Limitation of
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Knit Dyeing Machine
jet dyeing machine
Machine came into existence with a purpose to minimidrawback of earlier machines like winch, jigger and beaunits
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jet dyeing machine
AdvantagesDyeing time is short compare to beam
dyeing
Production is high compare to beam dyeing
machine
Low consumption of water
Can be easily operated at high temperature
and pressure.
Comparatively low LRs, typically b/n 1:4 and
1:20
Fabrics are handle carefully and gently.
Disadvantagesdyed in rope form so ther
entanglement
Equipment and maintena
Chance for crease format
Foaming can be a problem
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MAIN PART
Dyeing tank
Auto clave
Drain valve
Heat exchanger
Reserve tank
Nozzle
Steam pipe
Winch roller
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jet dyeing machine
1. dyestuffs & auxiliariesfeeding container
5. Dyeing drum
2. heat exchanger
3. Pump for the circulation
of the liquor
4. High pressure pipework
6. winch roller
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Schematic diagram of jet dyeing mac
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jet dyeing machine
Types of Jet Dyeing machine
Overflow dyeing machine
Soft flow dyeing machine
Airflow dyeing machine
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Development in jet dyeing
1. Soft flow-slow motion of fabric. Suitable for knitted
2. Super jet dyeing machine MLR 1:1
3. Aerodynamics jet dyeing machine.
Jet created by mixture of air + water
4. Multi nozzle soft flow jet dyeing machine
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Limitation jet dyeing machine
High initial investment and maintenance cost
Limited accessibility during the dyeing process.
Foam forming substance are to be avoided.
Any roughness of the inside surface cause damage to
In case of cloth breakage, rethreading is complicated.
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Woven Dyeing Machinery
Jigger Dyeing Machines
Feature
Atmospheric (upto98oC)
Economical dyeing and loratio
Fabric tension 50-800N Fabric speed max 10-150
Fabric width max 5400m
Roller width max 5600m
Figure this jigger
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Jigger dyeing machine
An efficient dyeing techniques.
It is also known by the name of jigger. The open-width fabric passes from one
roller
through the dyebath at the bottom ofthe machine and then onto a driventake-up
roller on the other side. When all thefabric has passed through the bath, the
direction is reversed (Figure 12.4). Eachpassage is called an end. Dyeing always
involves an even number of ends.
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Semi Continuous Dyeing Machin
Pad batch dyeing machine
It is one fo the widely used techniques
It is mainly used in the dyeing of cellulosic fiber like cviscose(woven) with reactive dyes.
The characteriticss of this machine is simple and flexisubstantial reduction in capital investment for equipm
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Semi Continuous Dyeing Machine
Pad jig
process Pad rol
This process is generally used as adyeing technique.
In this process the fabric passesthrough a padding machine whereit is impregnated with the dyeingbath, then the dyestuff is fixed on a
jigger.
Sometimes the fabric can be dried
in a hot-flue drier after padding,before entering the jigger.
The application of the dyestuff bypadding allows for homogeneousdyeing and time saving whencompared to traditional jiggerdyeing processes.
This process is sim
batch, but in thfabric, after paddthrough an infrare
It is then rolled slow rotation in achamber until fixa
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Special feature of pad dyeing proce
Significant cost and reduction as compared conventional dyeing process.
Excellent wet fastness properties
A uniform dyeing quality is achieved with even color aand color fastness.
As compare to rope dyeing, pad batch dyeing produlower defect levels.
In pad batch dyeing, quality like high shade reliarepeatability are common. This is because of high reawith rapid fixation rate and stability.
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Continuous dyeing has been found to most suitable
fabric.
The textile substrates are feud continuously i
range.
There are mainly three types:
Pad-steam process
Pad-dry process
Thermosol process
Continuous dyeing processes
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Continuous dyeing processes
Continuous dyeing processes can be divided into four stages:
1. dye application by padding
2. dye fixation, usually in hot air or steam
3. washing-off of unfixed dye and auxiliary chemicals
4. drying, usually on steam-heated cylinders
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1. Pad steam process
This techniques is mainly used for dyeing. It is particularly su
application of direct, vat, sulpher and reactive dyestuffs.
the fabric is padded with the dye solution with 60-80oC
Then fabric is passed through drying chamber.
After chamber the fabric is padded with (NaOH+salt)
Then the fabric is passed through a chamber at 102oC for 30sec.
washed in open width washer.
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2. Pad dry process
Fabric is first padded in a
padder .
Padded fabric then passed
through a squeezing roller into a
dryer. As a dryer cylinder,
stenter etc.
After drying fabric is washed in
a washing machine to remove
unfixed dye.
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3. Thermosol process
Thermosol method is continuous method of dyeing with
dye. Here dyeing is performed at high temperature like 180-2
close vessel.
Here time of dyeing should be maintained very carefully
required shade and to retain required fabric strength.
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Garment dyeing machine
Unlike fabric dyeing machines where rollers and jets are e
transporting the fabric through out the machine and liquor.
Garment dyeing machine require special arrangements to mo
through the liquor continuously.
Garment Dyeing Machines Paddle and rotary drum machines.
Rotary drum machines are sometimes preferred for garments.
require gentler handling, such as sweaters.
A high liquor ratio is required for paddle machines, which is les
economical and may limit shade reproducibility.
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Types of Garment dyeing machine
Rotary
Paddle
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Garment dyeing machine and their prin
Type of construction Types of liquor and garment mo
Paddling machine Mechanical arrangement like pad
drum.
Drum machine Hydrodynamically by adjustable j
Washing centrifugal
machines
Hydrodynamic circulating dyeing
machines with so called floating
circulation principle.
Jet dyeing centrifugal
machines
Jets are used.
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Conclusion
The textile dyeing machineries havdeveloped in a variety way to dyeing thsubstrates like that of fiber, yarn, fagarment. The development of these mare bring the sector become leading in t
among other industry. Also machine more automated, thereby reduce labohas some drawback for the decountries.
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Reference
www.slideshare.com
www.taxtilelearner.com
www.textilefshion2.com
www.educationacadamia.com
Arthur, D Broadbent (2001) Basic PrinciplTextile Coloration Society of Dyers and Co
http://www.slideshare.com/http://www.taxtilelearner.com/http://www.textilefshion2.com/http://www.educationacadamia.com/http://www.educationacadamia.com/http://www.textilefshion2.com/http://www.taxtilelearner.com/http://www.slideshare.com/ -
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Thank You
Very
Much!!