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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
Hongrin Dams
FMHL SA
StoragePumps&
ReversiblePumpTurbinesScientificandTechnicalChallenges
Prof.FranoisAvellan,Dr.Eng.,EPFLSchoolofEngineering
InstituteofMechanicalEngineering
RGIStorageWorkshop,Montreux Jan.27,2011
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
Scope PumpedStoragePowerPlants
TodayTechnology
ScienceandTechnologyChallenges
Introduction
Computing Domain of the HYDRODYNA Pump-Turbine
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
SwissPowerGenerationSwiss Electricity Data:2009Survey
SwitzerlandtobeProudofaNearlyCO2FreePowerGenerationMix
10'000
20'000
30'000
40'000
50'000
60'000
70'000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
[GWh]
Run-off Hydropower Plants
Pumped StoragePlants
Storage Hydropower Plants
Annual PowerConsumption
AnnualPowerGeneration
NuclearPower Plants
Fossil FuelPowerPlants
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
PowerGenerationMixinSwitzerland
2009:11734MWHydropowerGeneratingCapacity;1699MWPumpingPowerCapacity
63971GWh PowerGenerationin2009:
Storage Hydropower
Plants 32.9 %
Run-off Hydropower
Plants25.2 %
Nuclear Power Plants
40.8 %
Fossil Fuel Power Plants
5.1 %Pumped Storage
Power Plants 3.9 %
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
HongrinLman PSP
EarlyDevelopments:Veytaux PumpedStoragePlant(FMHLsa)
Hongrin Lake(1969):52millionsm3 Capacity
Veytaux PowerStation(1972)
4HorizontalTernaryUnits
9 256MWPumpingPower9 240MWGeneratingPower9 850mWC Head9 600min1
Hongrin Lake
Lman Lake
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
StorageofEnergyinExcess
9AvailabilityofHVACGrid(220kV&380kVinCH)9Reservoirs
GridControl
9GeneratingMode9PumpingMode
MitigatingtheFlowChanges
9Reservoirs
> 60 GW Wind Power in EU!
22 GW in Germany;
15 GW in Spain.
Pumped StoragePowerPlantsServices
InternalRateofReturn:SpotMarketvs.ServicestotheGrid
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
LastOutstandingPumpedStoragePlantsCommissionedsince12Years
NeedsofStorageCapacity:ReversiblePumpTurbines
PumpedStoragePowerPlant Capacity Units
UnitPower Owner Country Year
Yangyang 1'032MW 4 258MW KOMIPO SouthKorea 2006
Kannagawa 2'820MW 6 470MW TEPCO Japan 2005
Goldisthal 1'060MW 4 265MW VATTENFALLEurope Germany 2002
Kazunogawa 1'648MW 4 412MW TEPCO Japan 2001
Tianhuangping 1'800MW China 2001
Guangzhou 2'400MW 8 300MW CLP,Guangdong China 2000
Matanoagawa 1'200MW ChugokuElectricPower Japan 1999
Okutataragi 1'932MW 6 322MW KEPCO Japan 1998
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
9 2820MWCapacity9 6PumpTurbines,470MWPumpingPower,625mWC Head9 TEPCO,TokyoElectricPowerCo.
Kannagawa PSP:WorldwideLargestCapacityPumpedStoragePowerPlant
500rpm,525,000kVAMotorGenerator,Hitachi
6PumpTurbines@500rpm
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
VerticalTernaryUnits:PeltonM/GPump
MatchingbothPumpingandGeneratingModes9 LengthoftheRotatingTrain;9 Speed;9 RequiredSubmergence.
HighGradeControl9 Pelton Turbine9 HydraulicByPass
TurbineDriveforStartingUp 1DirectionofRotation9 EfficientCooling
SafeTransients
Technology ofTernary Units
2 Ternary Units~850 mCE 120 MW @ 500 min-1
FMHL+
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
HydraulicBypass
M G T PP P P Technology:EnablingFastGridPrimaryControl
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
MixedIslandedNetworkWindFarmSafetyTrippoff
200MWWindFarm 1'200MWNuclearPowerPlant 2x250MWPumpedStorage
Plant
9 C.Nicoletetal.,"StorageUnitstoStabilizeMixedIslandedPowerNetwork:aTransientAnalysis".HYDRO2008,Ljubljana,Slovenia.
AdvancedNumericalSimulation:EnablingFastGridControl
http://simsen.epfl.ch/
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
GridPrimaryControlthruHydraulicBypass
250 MW Hydraulic Bypass
http://simsen.epfl.ch/
200 MW Wind Farm Safety Tripp off SIMSEN Numerical Simulation
AdvancedNumericalSimulation:EnablingFastGridControl
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
ReversiblePumpTurbineUnitsTechnologyChallenges
StartUpProcedures9 StaticFrequencyConverterofLimited
Power9 BacktoBackarrangement9 TurbineorPonyMotorDrive9 Dewatering/WateringProcess
BidirectionalMotorGeneratorSpeed9 AirCoolingvs.WaterCooling
Pumping&GeneratingOperatingRangesMatching9 Efficiency9 Cavitation9 Transients:Startup&LoadRejection
GridPrimaryControl9 Variablespeed9 DoubleRegulatedStages
ReversiblePumpTurbineTechnology
Yang Yang (ALSTOM Hydro)
800 mWC
4 x 258 MW 600 min-1
Double Regulated Stages (nq 38)
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
620MWNant deDrance PSPProject(VS)Commissioningin2015
EmossonLake 210106 m3 Capacity VieilEmossonLake 11106 m3 Capacity 250to390mWC HeadRange 4x155MWSingleStagePumpTurbines 428.6min1 7%VariableSpeedDrive
VARSPEEDTechnologyEnablingPumpingPowerControl
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
1GWLinthal PSPProject(GL)Commissioningin2015
Limmern 92106 m3 Capacity Mutt 25106 m3 Capacity 560mWC to724mWC HeadRange 4x250MWSingleStagePumpTurbines 500rpm 6%VariableSpeedDrive
VARSPEEDTechnologyEnablingPumpingPowerControl
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
VARSPEEDTechnology StaticFrequency
Converter9VoltageSourceInverter
DoubleFeedAsynchronousMachines9CylindricalRotorwithThreePhasesWinding9 SlipRingsforExcitation
ReversiblePumpTurbine
VARSPEEDTechnologyEnablingPumpingPowerControl
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
NumericalSimulationoftheVeryFastChangeofthePowerSetPoint
YvesPannatier :"Optimisationdesstratgiesderglaged'uneinstallationdepompageturbinagevitessevariable",Thse EPFLN 4789,2010.
VARSPEEDTechnologyEnablingPumpingPowerControl
http://simsen.epfl.ch/
Varspeed
Synchronous Machine
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
SciencesandTechnologyChallenges
Safety,ReliabilityandFlexibility9MeetingDemandofPeakingPower9GridPrimaryControl
ShortTimeResponse9 FrequentStarts&Stops9 ExtendingOperatingRanges
KnowledgeDevelopmentinHydrodynamics
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
RotorStatorInteractionsinGeneratingMode
HYDRODYNACaseStudyzo =20,zb =99 ExperimentalInvestigations9ValidationofUnsteadyNumericalSimulations
"Dynamic"BehaviorofPumpTurbines
Unsteady Pressure Field in Generating ModeMax Discharge
HYDR DYNA
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
ExperimentalInfrastructure
Complying IEC 60193 StandardsEfficiency Uncertainty
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
IEC60193PumpTurbineModelTestingPumpedStoragePowerPlant Country Owner/Manufacturer Capacity Year
Ludington MI,USA Consumers Energy 6x312MW 2010
XIANYOU China DONGFANGElectricalMachineryLtd 1'200MW 2009
XIANSHUIJAN China HARBINElectricalMachineryLtd. 4x370MW 2009
VeryHighHead R&D/ALSTOMHydro 20078
ROCKYMOUNTAIN GA,USA OglethorpePower/AmericanHydro 3x370MW 20056
BLENHEIMGILBOA NY,USA Rev.Eng.&ImpellerModelNYPA 4x260MW 2003
CHEONSONG SouthKorea KoreaWesternPowerCo/GEHydro 2x350MW 2003
Nq45 R&D/ALSTOMHydro 2002
VENDANOVEII Portugal EDP/VOITHHydro 2x98MW 2001
ALQUEVA Portugal EDIAoperatedbyEDP/ALSTOMHydro 2x130MW 1999
TAUMSAUK* MO,USA UnionElectricCompany/AmericanHydro 2x220MW 1997
EPFL:aKeyResearchCenterforHydropowerDevelopment
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
PompeturbineHYDRODYNAzo =20,zb =9
ResearchProjectPumpTurbineHydrodynamics
Investigating,ModelingandHarnessingUnsteadyFlows;
FluidStructureCoupling;
RotorStatorInteractions;
Cavitation;
PerformanceCurveStability
Sciencesand Technology Challenges
HYDR DYNA
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
ExperimentalInvestigations
HYDRODYNAPumpTurbineScale Model
HYDR DYNA
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
ComputingDomain
FlowNumericalSimulations
HYDR DYNA
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
RotorStatorInteractionGeneratingMode@FullLoad
PressureFieldattheSpiralCasingWall
HYDR DYNA
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
K=2Modeof9x20RSI
ExperimentalValidationofRSINumericalSimulations
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
ImpellerModalAnalysis:2DMode
HYDRODYNAImpellerFluidStructureCoupling
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
TowardaSustainableCO2FreePowerGenerationSystem
RenewingAvailableHydropowerSchemeswithPumpedStoragePowerPlantsforMaximizingValueoftheAvailableStorageCapacities9MinimizingEnvironmentalImpacts;9 IncreasingPowerCapacityandEfficiency;9 DevelopingPowerControlCapability;9 EnhancingRobustness,Availability,Maintainability&Safety.
InterconnectedElectricityNetworksOpportunities9 EnablingNewRenewableEnergyDevelopment;9 PeakPowerGeneration;9 GridPowerControlServices:PrimaryControl(frequency).
StrategicIssuesforDevelopingPumpedStoragePowerPlants
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
Conclusions PumpedStoragePlants(PSP)arethekeycomponentfor
enablingthedevelopmentandtheoptimumuseofprimaryrenewableenergy.
Thebusinessmodelisdrivenbytheenergyspotmarket,theservicestothegridandthepublicpolicy.
Thepumpturbinetechnologyneedstobefurtherdevelopedtomeetthemarketneedsandtoensureandenhance,reliabilityavailabilitymaintainabilityandsafetyofthepowerplants.Attentionmustbepaidwhenutilizingexistinghydraulicinfrastructure,e.g.penstock.
TheongoingSwissprojectsofPSPareanopportunityforfurtherinvestigationsinthefieldofenablingenergytechnology.
EPFLSchoolofEngineering
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
EPFLDoctoralTheses NicolasRUCHONNET:"Multiscale ComputationalMethodologyAppliedto
Hydroacoustic ResonanceinCavitating PipeFlow", EPFLDoctoralThesisN4778,2010.
Berten STEFAN:HydrodynamicsofHighSpecificPowerPumpsatOffDesignOperatingConditions,EPFLDoctoralThesisN4642,2010.
PhilippeAUSONI:"TurbulentVortexSheddingfromaBluntTrailingEdgeHydrofoil", EPFLDoctoralThesisN4475,2009.
OlivierBRAUN:"PartLoadFlowinRadialCentrifugalPumps",EPFLDoctoralThesisN4422,2009.
AlirezaZOBEIRI:"InvestigationsofTimeDependentFlowPhenomenainaTurbineandaPumpTurbineofFrancisType:RotorStatorInteractionsandPrecessing VortexRope",EPFLDoctoralThesisN4272,2009.
AdvancedEducationinHydrodynamicsofTurbomachines
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
ThanksforyourKindAttention-
RGIStorageWorkshop,Montreux Jan.27,2011
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
GrandeDixence HydropowerScheme
400Millionsm3 ReservoirStorageCapacity:MaximumValue
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
GrandeDixence HydropowerScheme:
GeneratingPowerStation:SeasonalOperation9 1'269MWBieudron9 685MWNendazFionnay9 100MWChandoline
CollectingWaterfrom35Glaciers9 170MWPumpingPower
400Millionsm3 ReservoirStorageCapacity:MaximumValue
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines
1'269MWBieudron PowerPlant3Pelton Turbines
500MVAGenerators9428.5min1914poles,35.7MVA/pole9WaterCooled
423MWPeltonTurbines,5injectors91'883mWC Head9 25m3/sDischarge9D1 =3.993m9 ~28tRunnerMass
Bieudron PowerPlantEnablingRhDix StoragePumpedProject