Strengthening Urban Management India 2004
City Development Strategy As a Strategic Tool for City Development: Hyderabad Experience
Prof. V. Srinivas Chary
Dr A. Narender
Administrative Staff College of India
Bella Vista
Hyderabad
Why CDS?
Cities need to plan ahead in order to make more informed choices about the future and they need to act now
A city development strategy supports cities in this critical decision-making process and is focused on implementation
Objective of CDS
To create cities that are:
Manageable – well governedCompetitive – economically productiveBankable - sound financial healthLivable - high quality environment
What is CDS?
It is an action plan for equitable growth in cities and their surrounding regions, developed and sustained through participation, to improve the quality of life for all citizens
What CDS Does?
Helps diagnose the challenges faced by the city
Develops strategic and process oriented thinking
Creates better understanding of linkages between interventions and outcomes
What CDS Does?
Enables participation of stakeholders including the poor in development
Optimises city resources for growth and development
Helps to link up with national and global economies
CDS Process
Stakeholder analysisPreparation of comprehensive
development frameworkCity consultationsVision, SAP and CIP Implementation and Monitoring
Who is Responsible for Preparing CDS?
The local government under the leadership of Mayor/Commissioner
A high level inter institutional task force under the Chairpersonship of Mayor/Commissioner
Appointing a Local Partner Institution
The Context
Hyderabad U.A. with a population of 5.75 million is the sixth largest city in the country
Embarked on a high growth path, the city needs to attract investments and address the issues of poverty
The Context
Role model for successful and sustained urban community development programme
Pioneer in implementing innovative approaches for the poor
Made a paradigm shift from conventional slum improvement projects to institutionalised approach through consultative process
The Context
Series of consultationsSetting up of UCDS cell and preparation
of Project Concept DocumentCommunity consultations and
preparation of micro action plans Institutional strengthening and capacity
building of agencies, communities and LPI
The Context
CDS Hyderabad is an outcome of above interventions
Aims to set out guiding principles for future urban development investments within a comprehensive city development framework
Aims to build convergence of various ongoing programmes and initiatives
The Partnership
Initiated and owned by MCHFinancially and technically supported by
UMP-UN HABITAT, Cities Alliance and WSP-SA
ASCI is the LPI
The Responsibility and Guidance
Rested with the PSCPSC comprised-Partners, heads of service
providing agencies, representatives of private and community sector
Chaired by the Commissioner MCHMet from time to time to review and approve
the progress and plan the next steps
CDS Hyd. Objectives
Preparing a Comprehensive Development Framework
stakeholder analysis mapping of development initiatives background studies and concept
papers
CDS Hyd. Objectives
Preparation of Strategic Action Plan and the City Assistance Programme through consultations
Securing adoption by donor agenciesDocumentation and dissemination
Key Activities
Constitution of PSC-11 core members and nine special invitees
Mapping of development initiativesOrientation programme for elected
representatives of MCHStakeholder analysis
Key Activities
Stakeholder consultationPreparation of background studies and
concept papers leading to preparation of Comprehensive Development Framework
City ConsultationConstitution of working groups and
working group meetings
Key Activities
Workshop for developing indicators Inter-working group workshop to share the
working group reports CDS document preparation outlining Strategic
Action Plan and City Assistance programme Final city consultation Round table consultation for implementation Donor consultation
Key Stakeholders
State government and city level planning and service providing agencies
Line departments of the state government
Private sector agencies including chambers of commerce and industry
Non-governmental organisations and community based organisations
Focus Areas of CDSNine focus areas were identified and
nine working groups were constituted for the focus areas to identify key challenges and formulate strategies and action plans.
The SAP and CIP are prepared based on the working groups reports
Nine Working Group Areas Governance Poverty Alleviation Economic Development Environment, Tourism and Culture Water and Sanitation Solid Waste Management Traffic and Transportation Health and Education Urban Finance
Governance Multiplicity of institutions and lack of inter
institutional coordination- around 18 institutions and more than 28 programmes
Functional and spatial fragmentation of the metropolitan city-10 municipalities
Lack of effective grievance redressal mechanisms
Limited transparency and accountability
Poverty Alleviation Providing security of tenure, housing and
basic services Lack of understanding of magnitude of slums
and data base Weak community institutions and structures Inadequate livelihood opportunities and
employment Adhoc approaches to service delivery to the
poor
Economic Development Concerns about provision of infrastructure to
mega projects-isolated islands? Haphazard and unplanned growth of city and
surrounding areas-skewed spatial development Lack of appropriate policy support Decline of the old city Risk of exclusion of poor/strategies for informal
sector Inadequate policy for relocation of industries
Environment, Tourism and Culture
Rapid and unsustainable growth of population and distortions in land use
Increased air and noise pollution-automobile industry and weak enforcement
Water and sanitation-inequitable, unsustainable and expensive approaches
Decline or stagnation in green cover and open spaces
Tourism at the cost of culture and heritage-decline in culture and heritage
Water Supply and Sanitation Scarcity of sources-drying up of existing sources,
weak catchment management Depletion of ground water-unregulated
abstraction and contamination Non-revenue water-physical and commercial
losses Limited coverage of sewerage-38%-huge
resources need Weak institutional and legislation mechanism Need to address the issues concerning the poor
Solid Waste Management Lack of comprehensive data base-affecting route
rationalization and optimization of transportation costs
Challenges in compliance with solid waste rules-creation of awareness, source segregation and separation of bio-medical waste
Ineffective strategies for processing of waste Problems in developing disposal sites Lack of community participation
Traffic and Transportation Rapid growth of population and economic
activities-skewed –large volumes of traffic Rapid growth of private vehicles-ineffective mass
transportation system Lack of integration of land use planning and
transportation Traffic problems-delays, low speed, congestion,
parking etc. Environmental problems-air and noise pollution
Health and Education Lack of clear understanding and assessment of
health status Increase in the incidence of infectious diseases Poor retention of students Mainstreaming and bridging Inadequate infrastructure –health and education Multiple agencies-health and education Lack of MCH role in education
Urban FinanceHigh growth in finances and revenue
surplus- unsustainable in natureExpenditure bubble is createdBudgets for the past few years were
overprojectedGradual erosion of favourable factors for
tapping resources
Governance Inclusive city-adopted in citizen charters,
decision-making forums-voice for the poor Decentralization-ward level consultative
committees High level task force with MCH as umbrella
organization at the metropolitan level-address spatial and functional fragmentation-replicate best practices in municipalities
E-governance for grievance redressal Strengthening citizen charters, MCH web site,
report card system
Poverty Alleviation Need for clear policy framework-
governance, land, infrastructure and livelihoods
Slum survey-comprehensive understandingDenotification policy for better targetingStrengthening institutions-UCDS as
umbrella organisation-UHP as focal point-CBOs
Poverty Alleviation Land and shelter-implementation of G.Os
for regularization, slum redevelopment ground plus second floor units
Livelihood and employment- based on understanding of local economy-resource centres
Gender concerns, communication strategy, community challenge fund, resource generation etc.
Economic DevelopmentAppropriate policy and institutional framework-
benchmarking with best practicesRelocation policy-based on the experiences of
National Capital Region Planning Board Integrated metropolitan planning- a task force Infrastructure in mega projects and linking with
city
Economic DevelopmentConvergence and synchronisation approaches
for promoting growth engines-tourism, hospitality, recreation, outsourcing etc.
Policy and support systems for informal sector Old city regeneration-appropriate economic
activities and infrastructure
Environment, Tourism and Culture Restricting population growth and land use-
shifting govt. offices, satellite towns, incentives for relocation
Preventing air and noise pollution-city level transport policy, enforcement
Improved water and sanitation-protecting and conserving water sources, preventing pollution of water bodies
Environment, Tourism and Culture
Increasing green cover and open spaces-set targets, mapping of infrastructure, awareness, partnerships
Holistic approach to tourism, culture and heritage-comprehensive EIA for all projects, avoid trade-offs, enforce rules, involve stakeholders
Framework for environmental risk assessment-develop and implement for all projects
Water and Sanitation Micro-planning approach-planning and
implementation of projects for the poor through participation and prioritization
Conjunctive use of water resources-use based on holistic approach to all water sources
Restructuring HMWSSB-more representative and accountable board, staff ratio, HRD and personnel policies
Water and Sanitation Creation of Watershed Development Authority-
with representatives from all stakeholders Private Sector Participation-study options and
select the preferred option Decentralized planning-options for decentralized
water treatment and distribution and collection, treatment and disposal of sewage may be studied
Solid Waste Management A comprehensive GIS based study and
mapGreater involvement of DWACUA
groups-training Study to assess resource mobilization
potentialseparate cell and hotline facility to
address grievance redressal
Solid Waste Management Awareness campaign and strengthening
partnershipsZero waste approach through
processing and recycling-composting, waste to energy
Development of cost effective sanitary landfill sites
Training and capacity building of all stakeholders
Traffic and Transportation Intersection geometry improvements-386
junctions-substantial improvements with marginal investments-channelisers for directing traffic flows into specific channels
Signal system optimization and area traffic control system-100 signalised intersections-integration with surrounding municipal areas
Traffic signs and markings-need for standardisation
Road widening& link road development
Traffic and Transportation Public transit system-rationalisation and
optimisation, developing dedicated lanes-proper development of MRTS
Structural Plan and transit oriented development –lead role for transit policy in urban planning-balancing land use and transit infrastructure-25 year plan
Traffic and Transportation Unified Administration-single agency for design,
development and implementation-stakeholder participation and professional expertise
Safety policy-policy document for promoting safety-safety audit-accountability of responsible agencies
Environment policy – strict enforcement of vehicular pollution levels-efficient vehicle technology and fuel policy
Services for Poor-Efficient and affordable public transport linking jobs and residences
Health and Education Developing database and information system-
through survey and mapping exercise Government should not only be a service
provider but also a regulator Encouraging private sector with social
commitment-complementary roles for public and private sectors
Water and sanitation-high priority areas –good quality of basic services
Health and Education Upgraded health infrastructure in
government hospitals and UHPsAccessible and quality universal educationA clear approach to retention-infrastructure
provision-minimum learning guarantee index-monitoring and regulation
Health and Education Mainstreaming and bridging- analysis of
group profile and formulating strategy-private sector should have social commitment
Inter institutional coordination-both health and education-and at the metropolitan level
MCH should provide primary education
Urban Finance Prudent and realistic financial management-in view
of tapering of potential, increased O&M etc. Financial information and database-assessments,
demand, collections-GIS and MIS Revenue enhancement and expenditure control-
rationale increase in tariffs,new sources,leakages plugging etc
Innovations and best practices Budgeting and accounting reforms
Projects Not Requiring External Resources
1 Hyderabad as Inclusive City-Citizen charters, vision statement etc
2 Decentralization-Ward level consultative committees
3 High level task force for metropolitan area
4 Security of tenure-notifying non-notified slums
5 Strengthening community structures
Projects Not Requiring External Resources
6 Communication strategy- to inform the poor about programmes
7 Integrated metropolitan planning
8 Policy on decentralized population growth
9 Land use development as per norms
10 Project on prevention of air and noise pollution
Projects Not Requiring External Resources
11 Strategy for prudent and realistic financial management
12 Safety policy and environment policy
13 Unified Administration
14 Creation of watershed development authority
15 Assessment of ground water abstraction
Projects Requiring External Resources
1 Study for establishing appropriate institutional framework for watsan services
2 Strengthening transparency and civic engagement –revising citizen charters, report cards
3 Census survey of slums
4 Comprehensive slum upgradation
5 Study on informal sector and livelihoods
Projects Requiring External Resources
6 Integrated economic modeling study
7 Integrated physical and economic infrastructure
8 Old city regeneration
9 Study and policy for informal sector
10 Provision of sanitation facilities
Projects Requiring External Resources
11 Extension of VGDS
12 Community zero waste centers
13 Krishna Water Supply Phase I, II and III
14 System Mapping and Assessment
15 Total Extension of Sewerage System
Projects Requiring External Resources
16 Restructuring and strengthening of HMWSSB
17 Improving riding quality of existing roads
18 Upgradation of important roads
19 Street lighting
20 Strengthening UHPs
Projects Requiring External Resources
21 Infrastructure mapping in schools and provision
22 Mainstreaming and bridging
23 Provision of education by MCH
24 GIS based and Computerized Financial Data Base and Information System
25
Conclusions Institutional coordination and
strengthening Metropolitan ApproachPro-poor focus-slum upgradation and
livelihoodsEmphasis on civil society, community
and citizen/customerOld city regeneration
ConclusionsWater supply and sanitationNeed for specific studies and surveys
for developing data base and information
Participatory planning and processesCommunication policyTraining and capacity building