Download - Subsea Systems
SUBSEA SYSTEMS
(사 )한국선급해사연구팀강재성
2011-05-03 Korean Register 2
What’s Subsea Engineering? Subsea engineering focuses on the deepwater i
ssues of oil and gas exploitation. The Subsea Engineering option addresses both
the hardware used subsea, such as wellheads and separators, as well as important issues such as field layout, flow assurance and installation/maintenance.
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SUBSEA SYSTEMS CONTENTS
1. Overview of subsea hardware components2. Tree, Template, Mainfold3. Typical subsea layout and connection between differ
ent components4. Subsea control, umbilical & data acquisition5. Heave compensation
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1. Overview of subsea hardware components Subsea Part: X-mas trees, Templates, Mainfolds, Spools, Protection structur
e, Suction piles and Foundations The other: Risers, Flowlines and Umbilicals
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1. Overview of subsea hardware components Installation process
Lift from the barge
Near seabed location
Landing
Passage throughWater column
Passage throughSplash zone
In air Lift
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1. Overview of subsea hardware components Subsea hardware component layout
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2. Tree, Template, Mainfold Tree
1. Pressure containing method
2. Control, monitor and condition either produce or injected media
3. Shut the well, re-enter the well
4. Monitor down hole, inject chemical
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2. Tree, Template, Mainfold Tree configuration
1. Production master valve(M1)2. Production lateral valve(W1)3. Annulus master valve(M2)4. Annulus lateral valve(W2)5. Crossover valve(XO)6. Production intervention valve(S1)7. Annulus intervention valve(S2)8. Pressure regulation choke9. MEG(Mono Ethylene Glycol)normal op
eration valve(MV1)10. MEG valve to shut-down(MV2)11. Down hole safety valve(DHSV)
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2. Tree, Template, Mainfold Tree connection configurations
1. Single satellite well Pros: Cheap, wide area, Flexible access Cons: Absence of common datum, Individual flowlines, Drilli
ng should move to new well
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2. Tree, Template, Mainfold Tree connection configurations
2. Two or more wells daisy-chained together Pros: Cheep, some sharing of pipeline,
simultaneous production Cons: Absence of a common datum, drilling rig
should move to new well
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2. Tree, Template, Mainfold Tree connection configurations
3. Two or more(Clustered) wells tied back to a manifold Pros: pipe work as it lands, sharing pipeline and umbilical Cons: expensive, dropped objects
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2. Tree, Template, Mainfold Tree connection configurations
4. Template Pros: pipe work as it lands, sharing pipeline and
umbilical Cons: expensive, dropped objects
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2. Tree, Template, Mainfold Template
Seabed-founded structure that consist of a structural frame work and a foundation, arranged so as to provide support for various subsea equipment.
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2. Tree, Template, Mainfold Mainfold
A system of headers and branched piping that can be used to gather of distrubute fluids, as desired.
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3. Typical subsea layout and connection PLET(Pipeline – end terminal)
Isolation valve, install easier
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3. Typical subsea layout and connection PLEM(Pipeline –end manifold)
Isolation valve, install easier
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3. Typical subsea layout and connection Riser base
Between riser and flow line (slide on the seabed)
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4. Subsea control, umbilical & data acquisition Subsea control
Allow remote operation of valves located downhole.
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4. Subsea control, umbilical & data acquisition Umbilical(bundles of fluid conduits)
1. A hose pipe to deliver hydraulic power to operate the valve/choke actuator remotely
2. Other requirement(electric cable and variable pipe)3. Choke position-indication feedback4. Monitoring temperature and pressure5. Chemical injection
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4. Subsea control, umbilical & data acquisition Types of subsea control systems
Control panel
Tree valves
Control panel Control panel Control panel Control panel
Tree valves Tree valves Tree valves Tree valves
Tree valves Tree valves Tree valves Tree valves
accumulatorHydraulic line Electrical line
Direct Hydraulic Piloted Hydraulic
Sequence Hydraulic
Electro/Hydraulic
Multiplex
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ply
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5. Heave compensation Active system
1. Actively controlled winch Pros: Neither additional deck nor additional
equipment, unlimited Cons: Large power, fatigue damage
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5. Heave compensation Active system
2. Tensioner system Pros: Passive system readily adaptable, lower inertia Cons: Additional space, fatigue damage on sheaves
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5. Heave compensation Active system
3. Boom control Pros: Minimal damage to the cable, passive system
adaptable Cons: High inertia and high power required,
complex
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5. Heave compensation Passive system
No energy input, an additional spring damper
Increase tension
Piston down
Tether length increase
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Conclusion All in all, in terms of oil industry, the technologies
have been developed in many field over the past two decades. Therefore, nowadays, it is normal to extract oil and gas from deep-sea which is sometimes 2000m under sea level.
According to some commentator, it might be possible to reach to resorvior which is located 4000m under sea level
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