Acknowledgments for Collaboration: G. Mourou, W. Brocklesby, K. Nakajima, R. Hajima, S. Gales, K. Homma, M. Kando, S. Bulanov, T. Esirkepov, , F. Krausz, W. Leemans, B. LeGarrec, J. Miquel, D. Payne, P. Martin, A. Suzuki, R. Assmann, R. Heuer, M.
Spiro, W. Chou, M. Velasco, J.P. Koutchouk, X. Q. Yan, M. Yoshida, T. Massard, G. Cohen-Tannoudji, V. Zamfir, C. Barty, T. Ebisuzaki, R.X. Li, K. Abazajian, S. Barwick, J. Limpert, D. Payne, K. Koyama, A. Suzuki, Y. Okada
ASEPS Chiba, JapanJuly 16, 2013
The Future is Fiber Laser Accelerators*
T. Tajima IZEST and UCI
* Nature Photon. 7, 258 (2013)
content• High fields that break matter, but keep order
Guiding principle for order: not atomic cohesion (quantum coherence), but relativistic coherence
• High energy accelerators by laser• Low luminosity opportunities in high energies• Luminosity issue for collider---ICUIL-ICFA Joint Task• Answer to high rep rate and high efficiency fiber laser (CAN)• Laser (not charged particles) collider for Dark Fields search• CAN lasers : enabling technology also for industrial and societal
applications: compact radiation oncology, directed gamma beams (nuclear medicine and pharmacology), homeland security, transmutation of nuclear wastes (ADS, etc.) , ….
• Movie: about the future of CAN lasers
New Paradigm
PeV
TeV
Standard ModelQuarksLeptons
Extra dimensionDark matterSupersymmetry
LeptogenesisSUSY breaking
Atsuto Suzuki:KEK Director General,
Former ICFA Chair
IZEST’s Mission:Responding to Suzuki’s Challenge
Greetings from Michel Spiro(Former) President of CERN Council
As President of the CERN Council, I would like to express our interest and warm support in developing new ultra highgradient techniques of particle acceleration.Plasma acceleration seems a very promising avenue. The IZEST project is a bold and fierce adventure. It willopen the way to a new generation of ultra high energyand compact accelerator and give access to totally new physics like probing quantum vacuum and testing thebasic laws of physics. I wish great success to the IZEST conference and to the IZEST project.
Best wishes,Michel
[Court. A. Oeftinger(CERN]
(http://tesla.desy.de/~rasmus/media/Accelerator%20physics/slides/Livingston%20Plot%202.html)
Livingston Chart and Recent Saturation
(Suzuki, 2009; further corrected 2013)
→
→
ICUIL 2012 Mourou
Vacuum PolarizationIZEST C3
Extreme Light Road Map
MeV
eV
MeV
GeV
TeV
J
MJ
kJ
mJ
p pEp=mpc2
e 0Ee=m0c2
LMJ/NIF, 2MJ, 3B€
ELI, kJ 0.3 B€
Brief History of ICUIL – ICFA Joint Effort– ICUIL Chair (Tajima) sounded on A. Wagner (Chair ICFA) and Suzuki
(incoming Chair) of a common interest in laser driven acceleration, Nov. 2008
– ICFA GA invited Tajima for presentation by ICUIL and endorsed initiation of joint efforts on Feb. 13, 2009
– Joint Task Force formed of ICFA and ICUIL members, W. Leemans, Chair, Sept, 2009
– First Workshop by Joint Task Force held @ GSI, Darmstadt, April, 2010– Report to ICFA GA (July,2010) and ICUIL GA (Sept, 2010) on the findings– EuroNNAc Workshop on Novel Accelerators (CERN, May, ’11)– Publication of Joint Task Force Report (Dec. 2011)– Start of ICAN Workshop Series @ CERN (Feb., 2012)– US DOE AAC Workshop on advanced laser tech (2013)– Final ICAN Conference @ CERN (June, 2013) next phase ICAN-B
Laser Wakefield (LWFA): nonlinear optics in plasma
Kelvin wake
Wave breaks at v<cNo wave breaks and wake peaks at v≈c
(The density cusps.Cusp singularity)
(Plasma physics vs.String theory)
← relativityregularizes
(relativistic coherence)
Maldacena (string theory) method: QCD wake (Chesler/Yaffe 2008)
Hokusai
Maldacena
Laser driven collider concept
High-density design (Xie,97; Leemans,09)ICFA-ICUIL Joint Task Force on Laser Acceleration(Darmstadt,10)
a TeV colliderLaser energy: UL ~ n0
-3/2
Total wall plug power (Low-density Nakajima: Pwall ~ n0
3/2 )
210nPNP avgstagewall
12
Density scalings of LWFA
for collider
_______________________ _____
(Nakajima, PR STAB, 2011) 1018 /cc (conventional) → 1016 /cc
_________________________________________ _________
Etat de l’Art (HEEAUP 2005): collider consideration
LIL
1 J
1 k J
100 J
10 J
10 k J
100 k J
1 M J
10 M J
0,1 J
LULI
LMJ/NIF
10 210110 -110 -210 -310 -410 -5
LULI 100TW
Commercial
LULI 2000pico 2000
Taux de répetition (Hz)
100J/10HzLuli
150J/.1HzJena
104
Laser Fusion15MW Linear Accelerator
100MW
Mourou (2005)Mourou/ICAN (2013); Nakajima (2011)
IZEST(International Center for Zetta- Exawatt Science and Technology)
aspires to push the average powerof ultraintense laser from Watt to MW
(ICAN-International Coherent Amplification Network)
polar. controller
1W PMEDFAs
16 × 4-channels PLZT phase modulators far-field
observation
laser output
Phase processing and feedback loop
1×2 splitters
1×16 splitters
1W PM EDFA
Laser diode1.55µm
2:1image relay
fiber array
lenslet array
QWLSI
J. Bourderionnet, A. Brignon (Thales), C. Bellanger, J. Primot (ONERA)
Coherent Fiber Combining
Achievement 201164 phase-locked fibers
ICUIL 2012 Mourou
Smart control of laser
Emittance (and thus luminosity) of the particle beamrapidly increases with the jitters of laser [in multi-stage acceleration]smart control of laser contains jitters
We see:CAN laser property of smartness
higher rep rate, easier to operate CAN laserhigher rep rate, easier to feed-forward controlfeedforward control quality of beamsCAN laser : coherently connected (both in parallel, but also in tandem)each fiber (digital unit): coherently and digitally controllable
digitally controlled smart laser : a new paradigm
Linear collider (ILC @ 250GeV x 250GeV)~8MW (in beams), cost for accelerators ~ 4GEuro
~500Euro / W (beam)Laser-driven collider (if we design @ 250GeV x 250GeV)
same at 8MW (in beams)diode 7*Euro / W x 3 (to give total optics) = 21Euro/W
assume efficiencies: laser/wallplug =0.5, compressor=0.4, excitation of wake=0.4, acceleration=0.5. total efficiency = 0.04~500Euro/W (beam)
however, (1) far less other cost s.a. civil eng., (2) *could come down substantially(a) yet to be demonstrated. [laser path after the current plan]
Laser-driver for γ-γ collider (@80 x 80GeV)5J x 100kHz ~50MEuro (times ~2 for the total system)
Cost estimates (trial)
ICAN ConferenceCERN Geneva Switzerland
June 27 & 28, 2013ICAN Applications
Scientific : - Laser acceleration toward TeV- Higgs factory with γ-γ collider- Physics beyond the Standard Model: Dark Matter search with laser- ZeV astrophysics (astrophysical manifestation of wakefields)
(see T. Ebisuzaki and T. Tajima.: arXiv: 1306.0970 [astro-ph.HE] )
Societal: - Laser proton acceleration and applications:
- Neutron sources- Accelerator Driven System(ADS) for transmutation of
nuclear waste - Accelerator Driven Reactor(ADR) for safer energy production
- Laser-driven gamma beam applications:- Fukushima- Homeland security
Opportunities Enabled by CANCAN Fiber Laser Collider requirements
Average power luminosity rep rate x peak power
Efficiency costSmartness (digital control) emittanceIntensity gradient
γ-γ collider requirements1-50kHz rep rate (other reqs are easier)
Dark matter search average power luminosity
Proton accelerationintensity (energy of beam), smartness (beam quality), average power (fluence)R.
Ale
ksan
(Cou
rt. A
. Oef
tinge
r(CE
RN))
22
Beyond QED photon-photon interaction
√g
√g
M-1
mass m
M-1
√g
√g
FFgM 1
FFgM ~1
Resonance in quasi-parallel collisions in low cms energy
If M~MPlanck, Dark Energy
QCD-instanton, Dark Matter
])~(7)(4[3601 22
2
4 FFFFm
LQED
Away from 4 : 7 = QCD , low-mass scalar f , or pseudoscalar s(unlike Higgs, which is heavy fields for photon-photon interaction,)
FFFF ~
K.Homma, D.Habs, T.Tajima (2011)
arXiv:1006.1762 [gr-qc]Y. Fujii and K.Homma
Quantum anomaly
e.g. xw = 1w
Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing (DFWM)
Decay into (4-x)ω can be induced by frequency-mixing
.
23
K.Homma, D.Habs, T.TajimaAppl. Phys. B (2011)
Laser-induced nonlinear optics in vacuum (cf. Nonlinear optics in crystal)
Wirth et al. (Science 2011: synthesized light transients)
Sweep by arbitraryfrequency xw
Photon mixer’s road to unknown fields:dark matter and dark energy
24
Log
g/M
[1/
GeV]
K.Homma, D.Habs, T.Tajima (2011)
(Court. A. Oeftinger)
Detection of nuclei in waste and/or containers
4618keV
28Si
1779keV 1322keV
79Se
1257keV
energy
intensity(ln)
Bremsstrahlung
Comptonγ線
励起 脱励起
Gamma at given energy level⇒ sensitive detection
Nuclear Resonance Fluorenscence Clearance 20B$(quantityreduction)
Segregation by radioactivity⇒ cost reduction
midlevel
deep
shallow
8MY/drum
3MY/drum
270kY/drum
光陰極電子銃
High fluence γ
High fluence laser
ERL
鉛スリット被測定物
Ge半導体検出器
散乱ガンマ線
フラックスモニタNaI検出器
Enhancement of γ flux over the conventional method by 107
廃棄物
SPring-8 experiment
~ 30m
Hajima(2007)
Sharp discriminatory capability of monoenergetic gamma rays
vs
Bremsstrahlung gamma rays Laser Compton gamma rays
C. Barty and T. Tajima (2008)
Nuclear Resonance fluorescence signal
TeV proton acceleration by LWFA
Ε i = (1/6) a02 (nc /ne) mc2
Snowplow LWFAof ions injected by RPAas injector at multi-GeV
0.5TeV overdephasing length of 1cm
Zheng et al., 2011
High Intensity regimeI = 1023 W/cm2
(using ELI type laser)
early Radiation PressureAcceleration of ions
Later setting up wakefield
↑ elec
↓ ions↓ saturation
stable LWFA of ions
10GeV-TeV proton Energy Scalings(RPA x LWFA )TeV over cm @ 1023W/cm2 (Zheng et al, 2012)10GeV over mm @ 1022W/cm2 (Zheng et al, 2013)200MeV @1021W/cm2 (Wang et al, 2013)
Superintense Alfven Shock in the Blackhole Accretion DiskWakefield Acceleration toward ZeV Cosmic Rays
Ebisuzaki and Tajima, submitted to Ap.J.(2013)
High field science frontier expandingLarge fluence, high efficiency of CAN lasers important for
many new scientific and societal applicationssmart laser : highly controllableLaser-driven accelerators for high energy physics collider in
particularHiggs factory by γ-γ collider emergingNew weak-coupling field search of vacuum by laserNuclear transmutation by laser-driven neutron sources, ADS,
ADRNon-contact detection of nuclear isotopes via laser
Compton gamma rays (Fukushima)Other industrial applications (auto-industry, chemical
industry, mechanical industry, medical, etc.) with large fluence and high efficiency lasers, as well as to astrophysics
Conclusions