Download - Thyripart Siemens
Power Generation
PG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
PG G132
Welcome to
SIEMENS Power Generation
TRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21-2003.09.09
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Timeline
| | | |Centrifugal governor (Watt, 1788)
Since 1880Electromechanical Governoralready 8 different types,2 from T.A. Edison
Thury Regler(1889)
Tirill Regler(1905/06)
Pitch-governor up to 60MVA (1908)Use of Tube-amplifiers since 1923
Since 1931 Power and Frequency - Regulation
Since 1945 contactless governors ( Magnetic-Regulator )
First use of a Static Excitation system (1938)
Use of Thyristors ( THYRIPOL) (1966)
Use of digital Voltage Regulators ( THYRIPOL) 1987
1700 1800 1900 2000
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Excitation Systems for Synchronous Generators
Generator Output
THYRIPOL-L®
THYRIPOL®
SIPOL
THYRIPART®
RG3
THYRISIEM®
Excitation Systems for Generators with rotating Exciters
Static Excitation System with Compounding Source
Static Excitation System
Application Range Extended Application Range
10,01 0,1 10 100 1000 MVA
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
SIPOL - The System Solution for Low Power OutputUp to 20 Amps Excitation Current
Features and Benefits:• Compact design and easy
installation• Short delivery time• Failure monitoring through digital
display• Actual value displayed on digital
display or as analog value• User-friendly operation• Spare parts support* within 24
hours• Fully digital system stands for
lower maintenance • Compatible with generator types
of all manufacturers.
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
RG3 - The System Solution for Low/Medium Power Output Up to 130 Amps Excitation Current
Features and Benefits:• Uninterruptible automatic transfer
through diode decoupling via redundant power input facility
• Redundant manual channel or redundant AVR with separate power converter available through redundant power circuit facility
• Local and remote control for commissioning and operation
• Special solution for industrial purposes• Profi-BusTM• The interfaces can easily be adapted
to customer requirements, especially for refurbishment
• Rotating-diode monitoring• Power system stabilizer (PSS)• Joint reactive power control• Volts per Hertz limiter and stator
current limiter
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
THYRISIEM® - The System Solution for Medium/High Power Output Up to 225 Amps Excitation Current
Features and Benefits:• Complete redundant structure• Two independent controller
channels including manual and automatic mode
• Two independent rectifier sections (2 x 100 % concept)
• Rectifiers can be replaced during operation of generator
• Complete digital controller from real-value detection up to the thyristor firing stage
• Complete set of limiters to ensure safe operation even at the limits of the generator
• Local operation panel including fault indications
• Power system stabilizer (PSS)
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
THYRIPART® - The System Solution for Medium Power OutputUp to 1000 Amps Excitation Current
Features and Benefits:• Load-dependent: the compound excitation is
fed from generator voltage as well as from generator current and supports load steps or short circuits on the generator line side.
• Black start capability: during start-up, the internal oscillating circuit delivers a voltage rise and builds up the field from the remanence voltage of the generator.
• High availability and reliability: the fundamental excitation is still supplied through passive components (transformer, reactor, capacitor, uncontrolled rectifier) even if the regulator is out of order.
• Small voltage gradient: normally the controlled thyristor rectifiers create relatively high voltage gradients dU/dt. The THYRIPART® excitation system uses an uncontrolled rectifier, so the dU/dt is low. The strain on the field windings insulation is then lowered.
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
THYRIPOL® - The System Solution for High Power OutputUp to 8000 Amps Excitation Current
Features and Benefits:• Power system stabilizer (PSS)• Higher level closed-loop and
open-loop controls• Volts per Hertz limiter, stator
current limiter• Local operator panel including
fault indications• Full redundancy concept possible
(e.g. 2 AVRs)• fully controlled thyristor rectifier• fully digital system from actual-
value detection up to firing pulse generation
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
THYRIPOL up to 2000 A , 1000 V DC
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Standard THYRIPOL, 2200 A
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
THYRIPOL, (n-1) redundant, 3000 A ( Sidi Krir, Egypt)
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
THYRIPOL, (n-1) redundant, 4000 A (HPP Xingo, Brasil)
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Excitation System
Excitation Control System
Synchronous Machine Regulator
Exciter SynchronousMachine
PowerSystem
Blockdiagramm according IEEEBlockdiagramm according IEEE
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Detailed Blockdiagram
Generator Terminals
Limiters andControl
Actual Value andStatic
Power System Stabilizer
ExciterAVRReference Generator
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Factory Testing
• Insulation Test• Wiring Test• Visual Inspection• Parameter Setting and Verification• Check of Internal PT and CT Circuits• Check I/O• Functional Testing by Simulation• Test of Chopper• Software Test
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Functional RequirementsAutomatic Voltage Regulator
• Better +/- 0.2% Regulation ( System according to Accuracy of PT‘s, typical better 0.5% )
• Range from remanent up to 110% rated Generator Voltage
• Excitation Current Regulator
• Reference values setting by raise/lower or analog input
• Most advanced 32bit Technology
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Functional RequirementsModes of Control
• Manual Control Mode ( ECR )20% If 0 ... 110% If nom
• Automatic Control Mode ( AVR )Accuracy < +/- 0.2% Terminal VoltageResponse Time < 0.03s
Smooth Transfer < 0.1% change in Terminal Voltage
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Functional RequirementsAuxiliary Excitation Control Features
• Maximum Excitation Limiter (OEL)- with integration mode
• Ceiling Current Limiter - undelayed
• Minimum Excitation Limiter (UEL)- with integration mode
• Volts-Per-Hertz Limiter
• Follow-up Control for Manual Mode
• Reactive Current Controller
• Power System Stabilizer ( Optional )
•Loss of Exciter Diode Protection)
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Fault Analysis
Extensive Fault Supervising SystemExtensive Fault Supervising System
For each fault is available:• Fault Number and Description • Fault Value• Fault List• Number of Faults• Fault time• Trace for one event
In Case of no Fault, the Operation Condition is
displayed
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
I Uf f 1
2
Uf
If
Time in s
I
I
Ifmax
fN
f0
= Output current of thyristor rectifier
= Output current with ceiling operation
= Output current without ceiling operation
= Output voltage of thyristor rectifierUfIf1
2
Ceiling Voltage, Ceiling Current
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
No-Load Limiter
U
E2
J1
Ed = I1*xd
n
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Overexcitation Limiter
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Stator Current Limiter
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Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Volts per Hertz Limiter
Voltage Order 1 of one Phase
E1 = 4,44 *1*w*1*f*10-8 [V]
i.e.
FLUX is proportional to Ratio Volts/Hertz
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Volts per Hertz Limiter
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Computer Representation of AVR according IEEE 421
1 + sTA
KA
1 + sTF1
sKF
KB
VVE < VRmin = 0
VFE > VFEmax : VAmax 1VFE < VFE max : VAmax 2
VFE < 0 : VAmin = 0
VAMIN
VAMAX
VA
VH
VRMIN
VRMAX
VR
--
1 + sTF2
1
EfDHV Gate
KP
UEL
OEL
VREF
-
1 + sTR
1VT
KFF
V*)RSV
V*)RSV : rectifier supply voltage
VS
VS
-
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Computer Representation of PSS
1S TD_PDG
VSI - 1S Ti 1PDG
-.
K0PDG
1S Ti 2PDG
.
K1PDG
1S Ti 3PDG
.
K2PDG
1S Ti 4PDG
.
K3PDG
.
K4PDG
K_PDG
VSmin
VSmax
Vs
Static Excitation Systems
Brushless Excitation Systems
Range -200 ... + 199,99 % 6 ... 98304 ms
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Model - Calculation ( i.g. Design of DC Fieldbreaker )
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Generator Diagramm
Active power (active current)
Max. turbine power
Reactive power (reactive current)A
B
C
DE
Underexcited Overexcited
Operating Point
2003-06-03 Power GenerationPG G132/2003-06-03/Rei
Excitation Systems SolutionsTRAININGThree Gorges2003.08.21 – 2003.09.09
Picture of HPP Three Gorges, China
14x 840 MVA Generators, THYRIPOL Excitation Systems