1World Meteorological Organization
WMO Information System (WIS)
Managing & Moving Weather, Water and Climate Information
in the 21st Century
WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
Weather – Climate - Water
Jean-Michel RainerActing Director, WMO Information System Branch
Observation and Information Systems
2World Meteorological Organization
How Does the Global Operational Network of WMO Operate?
NMHSs deliver data and early warning services
3 World MeteorologicalCentres
40 RegionalSpecialized Centers
NMHSs of 187 countries contribute to Global ObservingSystem every day
Global Telecommunication System- 32 Regional Tele-communication Hubs
3World Meteorological Organization
World Meteorological
Centres
WWW GTS
Regional/Specialized Meteorological Centres
National Meteorological
Centres
Meteorological and R&D Satellite Operator Centres
Current situation: GTS
interconnects
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Vientiane
Baghdad
Doha
Kuwait
Bahrain
Dhaka
Yangon
Kathmandu
Kabul
Karachi
Colombo
Male
Hanoi
Phnom Penh
PyongYangAshgabad
Macao
64K
Dushanbe
Almaty
NI
NI
NI
Seoul
NI
NI
64K
9.6-26.4K (V.34)
14.4-28.8K (V.34)
64K64K
50
50
50
50
200
64K
64K
75
1200
50
100
9.6K
Offenbach
Offenbach
CairoAlgiers
Moscow
Kuala Lumpur
Tashkent
Novosibirsk
Khabarovsk
Bangkok
F/R CIR<16/16K>
F/R CIR<16/16K>
Washington
NI
NI
24-19.2K (V.34)
19.2-24K (V.34)
Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region II (Asia)Current status as of 15 December 2007
Bishkek
64K
Singapore
RTH in Region II
NMC in Region II
Centre in other region
MTN circuitRegional circuitInterregional circuitAdditional circuit
Non-IP linkIP linkInternet E-mail transmission
NI No implementation
Tehran
Sanaa200
Hong Kong
Moscow
NI
F/R CIR<32/32K>
Tokyo
IMTN-MDCNCIR<32/768K>
Manila
Internet
Jeddah
Muscat
64K
64K
64K
Washington
ISDN 128K
28.8-9.6K (V.34)via Moscow 14.4-28.8K (V.34)
64K
64K
Thimpu
New Delhi
NI
768K
2.4K
75
64K
via Moscow
100
Ulaanbaatar14.4K
Abu-Dhabi
1200
64K
9.6-26.4K (V.34)
9.6-26.4K (V.34)
Melbourne
Melbourne
IMTN-MDCNCIR<16/32K>
32K
CMAPCVSAT
64K
75
CMAPCVSAT
CMAPCVSAT
512K
MPLS
IMTN MDCNMPLS
IMTN MDCNMPLS
IMTN MDCNMPLS
IMTN MDCNMPLS
IMTN MDCNMPLS
MPLS
Internet
Internet Beijing2M
2M128K
1M
2M
1M
128K
512K
2M
2M128K
512K
2M
MPLS
2M
128K
Internet
Internet
Internet
Internet
Internet
F/R CIR<16/16K>
F/R CIR<16/16K>
F/R CIR<16/16K>
F/R CIR<16/16K>
Internet
Internet
Internet
Internet
Internet
EUMETSAT
MPLS 2M2M
Toulouse
Internet
64K
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Satellite-based data-distribution systems:e.g. coverage of RETIM-Africa, EUMETCast
38 RETIM receiving stationsin 18 RA I Countries
All RA I Countries equippedwith EUMETCast receiving stations
6World Meteorological Organization
Use of GTS for dissemination of Interim Tsunami Watch Information (TWI) for the Indian Ocean issued by
Honolulu (PTWC) and Tokyo (JMA)
Tsunami Watch Information center
National Meteorological Center in the Indian Ocean Rim
Washington
Honolulu (PTWC)Exeter Offenbach
Sofia
Dakar
Tehran
Sanaa
Dhaka
Bangkok
Beijing
ColomboMale
MogadiscioSeychellesMauritiusSt Denis
MaputoPretoria
MelbourneNew Amsterdam
Kerguelen
Brasilia
Buenos Aires
Djibouti
Moroni Jakarta
YangonKarachi
Muscat
AntananarivoDar Es Salaam
Nairobi
AlgiersTokyo (JMA)
New Delhi
Kuala LumpurSingapore
Moscow
Cairo
PragueToulouse
Abu-DhabiJeddah
7World Meteorological Organization
WMO's Action Plan for aWMO's Action Plan for aFully Operational GTS for the IOTWSFully Operational GTS for the IOTWS
Step 1 - Multidisciplinary workshop (Jakarta, March 2005) – Completed
Step 2 - GTS operational arrangements & tests for interim TWS – Completed
Step 3 - WMO Expert missions to NMHSs – CompletedStep 4 - Implementation of upgrade to NMHSs' GTS
capabilities - CompletedStep 5 - WMO Training on GTS operations - CompletedStep 6 – Regional operational tests – Current quarterly
tests of tsunami advisories distribution by JMA Tokyo
8World Meteorological Organization
WMO Information System (WIS)
WMO Congress decided:
– An over-arching approach for solving data management problems for all WMO and related international programmes
– A single, coordinated global infrastructure, the WMO Information System (WIS) for the collection and sharing of information
9World Meteorological Organization
Integrated approach for all WMO Programmes
• Routine collection and dissemination of time-critical and operation-critical data and products:
o Real-time “push” through dedicated telecommunication• Data Discovery, Access and Retrieval service:
o “Pull” through the Internet (HTTP, FTP,…)• Timely delivery of data and products:
o Delayed mode “push” through dedicated telecommunication means and public data networks, especially the Internet
• Unified procedureso More efficient data exchange
• Coordinated and standardized metadatao Interoperability between programmeso Improved data managemento ISO 191xxx series for geographic information
WIS Vision
10World Meteorological Organization
GAW World Data Centres
GCOS Data Centres
Global Run-off Data Centre
Global Precip. Climatology CentreIRI, Hadley Centre, and
other climate research centres; Universities;Regional Climate Centres(CIIFEN, etc.)
International Organizations (IAEA, CTBTO, UNEP, FAO.. )
Commercial Service Providers
World Radiation Centre
Regional Instrument Centres
WMO World Data Centres
International Projects(e.g. GMES HALO)
Real-time “push”On-demand “pull”
internet
DCPC
NC/DCPC
NCNC
NC/DCPC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
GISC
GISCGISC
SatelliteTwo-Way Systems
Satellite Dissemination(IGDDS, RETIM,
etc)
NC
NC
DCPC
GISC GISC
DCPC
WISWIS
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WIS brings new features and opportunities
• Common information exchange standards, functions and services for all WMO programmes
• Inter-disciplinary discovery, retrieval and exchange of information in real-time and non-real time
• Inter-operability through on-line catalogues using metadata based on ISO 19100(geographic information standard)
• Industry standards and off-the-shelf hardware and software systems to ensurecost-effectiveness and compatibility
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What will a NMHS gain from the WIS?
1. Improved forecasting/warning services• Faster and more cost-effective exchange of operation-
critical information;2. Improved and expanded range of services
• Discovery and access to new data and products: o Satellite data and products, ensemble prediction products,
climate predictions, oceanographic data and products, operational, and research data and products, reports, publications
3. Strengthened role as national service provider• Ability to “push” to national users critical information:
o Warnings, advisories, selected measurements, etc.; (eg: national agencies dealing in disaster mitigation, agriculture, energy and water management,)
4. Better appreciation by partner agencies• Supports their “pulling” relevant information from WMO
13World Meteorological Organization
Structure of WIS
Functional centres:• National Centres (NC)• Global Information System Centres (GISC)• Data Collection or Production Centres (DCPC)
and• Data communication networks
WIS concerns only information exchange and data management functions
14World Meteorological Organization
Structure of WISFunctional centres interconnected by data communication networks:
• National Centres (NC)– Links national data providers and users to regional and global data
exchange nodes, and administrates access to WIS• Data Collection and Production Centres (DCPC)
– Provides for regional and international exchange of WMO programmes’data and products
– Supports data and information push and pull• Global Information System Centres (GISC)
– Provides for global exchange of data and products– Collects and provides metadata for all data and products– Supports data and information discovery and pull
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Interoperability enables the discovery, the retrieval and the usage of the data
It needs the development and the implementation of relevant Metadatastandards
Development of a WMO Metadata Profile of the ISO 191xx series for geographic information
WIS, a key issue: interoperabilityWIS, a key issue: interoperability
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WIS provide three types of services to meet the different requirements:(1) Routine collection and dissemination service
for time-critical and operation-critical data and products:
Based on real-time “push” mechanism (incl. Multicast);implemented essentially through dedicated telecommunication means with guaranteed quality of service, e.g. leased circuits, dedicated data communication network services and satellite-based data-distribution systems;(2) Data Discovery, Access and Retrieval service:
Based on request/reply “pull” mechanism with relevant data management functions; implemented essentially through the Internet (HTTP, FTP,…);(3)Timely delivery service for data and products:
Based on delayed mode “push” mechanism; implemented through a combination of dedicated telecommunication means and of public data networks, especially the Internet.
WIS SERVICES
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IGDDS
WIS/GTS: for time and operation-critical data & products WIS/IGDDS: for space-based data & productsWIS/DAR: data discovery, access and retrievalData push: routine distribution of data & productsData pull: access to and retrieval of data & products
Data pull
Data push
Essentially through telecom. with guaranteed quality of service, e.g. leased circuits, dedicated data com network services, sat.-based systems, ..
Essentially through satellite based data distribution systems, e.g. DVB-S
WIS DATA-COMMUNICATIONS IMPLEMENTATION(for weather, water, climate and related data and products)
GTS
Essentially through the Internet(HTTP, FTP, VPN…)
DAR
WIS
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GEO satellitesin the region
LEO satellitesGlobal data(recorded/dumped)
DCPC Data, metadata & user
management
R&Dsatellites
GISC(Data, metadata and user
management)
Central processing Regional processing
Local processing
Local processing
Local processing
Polar orbiting satellitesNetwork of HRPT stations
RARS
Data exchange with other DCPCs
Satellite products
Central processing
Interoperability
National centres and other users
IGDDS within the WIS
Routine Dissemination
ADM ADM Othermedia
Othermedia
Request/ reply(Internet)
Request/ reply(Internet)
Request/ reply(Internet)
Request/ reply(Internet)
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• Part A: GTS Evolution into WIS– Provides consolidation/improvement for time-
critical and operation-critical data– Includes extension to meet operational
requirements of all WMO programmes in addition to World Weather Watch
• Part B: Extension to WIS– Provides for an extension of the information
services through flexible data discovery, access and retrieval services to all users, as well as flexible timely delivery services
WIS implementation
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The GTS: continued improvements
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Continued GTS upgrades (IMTN, satellite-based datacast,..)
WMO Core metadataInternet portalBasic data acquisition, discovery and push-pull
servicesGISC prototype: RA VI VGISC projectDCPCs prototypes:
ECMWF & EUMETSAT associated with VGISC project NCAR (Boulder) NODC (Obninsk) for JCOMM related data
IGDDS (Space-based data)Asia-Pacific VPN pilot projectTechnical Conference on WIS (Korea, 6-8
November 2006); VGISC & DCPC prototype demo
WIS Implementation – accomplishments
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European Virtual GISC ProjectOperational early 2009
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Key Future Milestones
• Consolidate plans on development, governance and implementation of WIS: 2008-2009
• Develop WIS regulatory documentation and guidance for implementation (GISC & DCPCs interfaces,user interface): 2008
• Develop scheme and practices for security, authentication and authorization procedures for WIS services : 2008-2009
• Implementation of first operational GISC: 1Q 2009• Implementation of other operational GISCs: 2009
- 2011• Implementation of DCPCs: 2008-2011• Outreach & Capacity building: 2008-2011
24World Meteorological Organization
GTSIGDDSGTS
IGDDS
WeatherDomain
WeatherDomain
ClimateDomain
ClimateDomain
WaterDomainWater
Domain
G E OG E O
HealthHealth EnergyEnergy DisastersDisasters WeatherWeather ClimateClimate WaterWater AgricultureAgriculture
EcosystemsEcosystems BiodiversityBiodiversity
W M OW M O
InternetInternet GEO-NetCastGEO-
NetCast
W I SW I S
WIS contribution to GEO
25World Meteorological Organization
Radio Frequency spectrum for Weather, Water and Climate monitoring
Prime importance of specific radiocommunication services for meteorological and related environmental activities for:
prevention, detection, early warning and mitigation of natural and technological (man-made) disasterssafety of life and propertyprotection of the environmentclimate change studies and scientific research,
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Importance of radiocommunications for weather, water and climate operation and
research
27World Meteorological Organization
Radiocommunication Services used for weather, water and climate sciences and
operations
• Specific radiocommunication services:– Meteorological Aids Service– Meteorological-Satellite Service– Earth Exploration-Satellite Service (passive)– Earth Exploration-Satellite Service (active)
• As special systems of generic radiocommunication services:– Meteorological weather radars and Wind-profiler radars of the
Radiolocation Service
• As users of Radiocommunication Services:– Fixed Service, Mobile Service, etc.
28World Meteorological Organization
Radio Frequency spectrum for Weather, Water and Climate monitoring
WMO and its 187 Members (National Meteorological and Hydrological Services and related entities) do their utmost at national, regional and international levels to ensure the availability and protection of suitable RF bands for weather, water and climate monitoring, with particular attention to bands that are a unique natural resource for passive sensing
29World Meteorological Organization
Thank you
more information at:http://www.wmo.int/pages/index_en.html
http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/index_en.html