draft report on strategic environmental assessment; amendments to the general urban plan for ohrid
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НАЦРТ ИЗВЕШТАЈ ЗА СТРАТЕГИСКА ОЦЕНА НА ЖИВОТНАТА СРЕДИНА ЗА ИЗМЕНА И ДОПОЛНА НА ГЕНЕРАЛНИОТ УРБАНИСТИЧКИ ПЛАН ЗА ОХРИДTRANSCRIPT
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, 2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024), :
, 2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024), :
0903-90/1
:
, 2015
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, 2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024),
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, 2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024),
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: 16.01.2015 2015
0903-90/1
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65 67 (. .. . 53/05, 81/05, 24/07, 159/08, 48/10, 124/10 51/11, 123/12, 93/13 42/14) 15 18 (. .. .130/2009), . 0902-1108/7 17.09.2014 ( ) . 03-9365/1 30.09.2014 ( ), 59 .. , :
. 0902-1108/7 17.09.2014 ( ) . 03-9365/1 30.09.2014 ( ), :
, 2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024),
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. 0902-1108/7 17.09.2014 03-9365/1 30.09.2014
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 ( 2014 2024 ) , .
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, ) .
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17 3 , ,
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2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024) , .
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2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024) .
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2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
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2
1. 6
1.1. .......................................................................................... 6 1.2 .............................................................. 11 1.3 ......................................................................................... 11 1.4 ................................................................................................................ 14 1.5 ........................................................................... 15
2. ............................................................................................................................... 26
2.1 ....................................................... 26 2.2 ..................................................................................................... 26 2.3 ...................................................................................... 27 2.3.1. ............................................................................................. 28 2.3.2 ................................................................................. 34 2.4 ............................................................................. 34
3. ...................................................... 50
3.1 ............................................................................ 50 3.2 .......................................................... 53 3.2.1. ................................................................................................. 53 3.2.2. ................................................................................................ 55 3.2.3. ................................................................................................. 57 3.2.4. .............................................................. 58 3.2.5. ............................................................................................... 60 3.2.6. .................................................................................................... 62 3.3 ................................................................................ 81 3.4 ........................................................................... 86
4. ....................................................................... 96
4.1 .................................................................... 96 4.2 .............................................................................................................................. 97 4.3 ........................................................................ 98 4.4 .................................................................... 103 4.5 .............................................................................................. 103
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
3
5. .................................................................................................................................. 104
6. ...................... 106
7. ............................................................................................. 108
7.1 ...................................................................... 112 7.2 .......................................................................................... 112 7.3 ...................................................... 113 7.4 .................................................................................................. 114 7.5 ................................................................................................. 114 7.6. - .......................................................... 115 7.7. ................................................ 116 7.8. - ........................... 116 7.9. ( ) .................................................... 120 7.10. ............................................................................................................ 120
7.11 .............................................................................. 121 7.12 ...................................................... 122 7.13 .................................................................................................... 122 7.12 ......................................................................................... 122
8. , ......................................................................................................................... 123
8.1. , ..................................................................................................... 123
8.2. , OO .......................................................................................................................... 123
8.3 , ......................................................................................................... 124
8.4 , OO ................................................................................................................................. 124
8.5 , OO ............................................................................................................................... 124
8.6 , OO - ............................................................................... 125 8.7 , OO ................................................................................ 125
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
4
8.8 , OO ..................................................................................................... 126
8.9 , OO ( ) ................................................................................... 131 8.10 , OO ....... 131
8.11 , ................................................................................................................................. 132
8.12 , OO ...................................................... 134
8.13 , OO ........................................................................................ 134
9 . ............................................................................................................... 135
10. .............................................................................................. 137
11. ................................................................................................ 140
12. ......................................................................................... 147
13. ....................................................................................................................... 148
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
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5
,
, IUCN
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
6
1.
1.1.
; ; . , .
2 - 2.2.,2.4.; 5 - 5.2., 5.4.; 9 - 9.1.,9.3; 12 - 12.2.; 13 - 13.2.; 17 - 17.1(2014-2024) :
, ;
, ;
;
, .
2 - 2.2.,2.4.; 5 - 5.2., 5.4.; 9 - 9.1.,9.3; 12 - 12.2.; 13 - 13.2.; 17 - 17.1 2014-2024 ( 2014-2024 ) 7 10 ( 60/11) ( 53/11,144/12,55/13,163/13 42/14). :
- ;
- ;
- ;
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2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
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2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
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8
, . .
- .
- , .
. - 215.41 .
2014-2024 :
2- 2.2.: 2- -, -, , 2 1 ( ), 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 40%, .
, .
( ( . 63/12) ( . 126/12, 19/13, 95/13 37/14). , .
2 - 2.4.: - 2002-2012 2006 . 2.4 -. -
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
9
. . 17119, 17120, 17164, , - 1- .
5 - 5.2.: , - - , . 1-- 2-- .
-, .
5 - 5.4.: - , 9.1. 2 - - . 5 , . , . .
9 - 9.1.,: 9.1 . -, 9.1. 5.4. .
- , . 1-- .
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2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
10
9 - 9.3. 9.3. - . "" . .
- - "".
12 - 12.2.; 12.2 - . , . , - 1- 2- . , , , .
13 - 13.2.; 13.2 - , " ". , , . , , , .
17 - 17.1 -.
0- , , ..
.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
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11
1.2
2014-2024 ) . .
:
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;
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1.3
, :
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2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
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12
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2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
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13
: ,,
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
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14
, :
, ;
, ;
;
, .
1.4
2014-2024 ) :
(. . 53/05, 81/05, 24/07, 159/08, 83/09, 48/10, 124/10, 51/11 123/12, 93/13, 187/13, 42/14);
(. . 67/04, 14/06, 84/07,
35/10, 47/11, 148/11, 59/12, 13/13, 163/13, 41/14);
(. . 171/10)
(. , .75/10)
(. .68/04, 71/04, 107/07, 102/08, 143/08; 124/09; 09/11, 51/11, 123/12, 147/131 163/13);
(. 67/04, 92/07 35/10, 47/11, 59/12, 163/13);
(. .79/07, 47/11 163/13 );
(. .87/08, 6/09, 161/09, 83/10, 51/11, 44/12, 23/13, 163/13 );
(. . 39/04);
(. .51/2005, 69/06, 137/07, 151/07, 118/08, 91/09, 124/10, 14/11, 18/11, 53/11, 144/12, 55/13, 163/13, 42/14);
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
15
(. .130/09, 49/11, 54/11, 13, 12, 25/13, 79/13, 137/13, 163/13, 27/14, 28/14, 42/14);
(. .111/08, 64/09, 88/10, 114/10, 23/11, 53/11 80/12, 163/13);
(. .45/97, 23/99, 45/02, 16/04 5/09, 95/12, 163/13, 42/14);
, . X , :
, , , (. .153/07);
(. .144/07);
(. . 153/07);
, (. .147/08).
:
(. . 05/02);
(. . 71/06);
(. . 20/04 115/07).
1.5
, , .
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
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16
, , .
, , / , . , , . 2014-2024 , , : ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) , ) , .
, , , . , , .
, , .
, :
(2002-2020); (2005 2020); (2006); (2004); (2011-2041); (2009-
2030) (2010 2015); (2004); (2009 2019);
(2009 ).
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
17
, :
(2007);
(2011); (2012)
:
(2000/60/EC); (96/62/EC); (2002/49/ EC), (2006/12/ EC); 2001/42/EC; 92/43/EEC, 97/62/EC, 97/266/EEC; 97/409/EEC, 81/854/EEC, 85/411/EEC, 94/24/EC, 97/49/EC; 79/409/; 2003/35/EC.
:
. 1974 ( " 56/74);
(, 1991). (" " . 44/99);
( 6/97); (-, 1992 ).
( (54/97). 1998 ;
(). (. (9/77);
,1950. (". 6/73);
(). (" " 38/99). 1999;
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
18
, 1950. (". 6/73)
, 1951. (". 1/85)
(). (" " . 82/99). 02.10.2000;
{ (). , (" " 49/97). , 1999;
(, 2000). (" . 44/2003);
, (). (" " . 40/99);
- ; 1996 ; 1999 ; ( . 32/99);
(Otis tarda); 2000 ; 2001 ; 7.10.2000 , ;
(, 2004).
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
19
1.,
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
20
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
21
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
22
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
23
2.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
24
3.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
..
25
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
26 ..
2.
2.1
2014-2024 ) 10 ( 60/11) ( 53/11,144/12,55/13,163/13 42/14).
2014-2024 , 2, 3, 4, 5 6 , ( 78/06) , ( 137/14).
2014-2024 , 1:5000 , .
2014-2024 :
- ;
-
- .
, 2014-2024 10 ( 60/11) ( 53/11,144/12,55/13,163/13 42/14).
2.2 ,
:
;
, ;
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
27 ..
, , ;
, , , , , , , , , , . , , , ;
/ , , ( know-how) ;
;
- - .
2.3
. , .
(2014-2024) :
2 - 2.2 = 9.49 ;
- 2.4.= 10.19
5 - 5.2.= 10.21;
- 5.4.= 34.13;
9 - 9.1. = 28.36;
- 9.3 = 16.02;
12 - 12.2.= 17.75;
13 - 13.2.= 18.73;
17 - 17.1 = 70.53
_________________________________
: = 215.41
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
28 ..
2.3.1.
:
2
( 2)
:
-
-
-
-
61,20 , :
2.2. , , 9,49
2.4. . , , 10,19 .
1: 2.2.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
29 ..
2: 2.4.
5 -
( 5, ) :
- ,
-
-
74,97 , :
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
30 ..
3: 5.2.
4: 5.4.
5.2. , . . 10,21 .
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
31 ..
5: 9.3.
5: 9.3.
5.4. . , , . 33,75 .
5 5.1., 5.2. 5.3.
9 - 8.
8. ( 9) :
-
- 7.
- .
-
67,22 , :
9.1. . , , , 28,36
9.3. , 7. , 16,02 .
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
32 ..
6: 12.2.
12 -
:
-
- - 3
- . ( )
-
55,47 , :
12.2. , 12.2- , 17,75
13 -
13. :
. ,
, ,
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
33 ..
- , .
7: 13.2.
93,25 , :
13.1. , 11,68
13.2. , , , 18,73 .
17 -
17 - :
- , , .
- . - ,
16, .
- -
-
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
34 ..
8: 17.1.
111,66 , :
17.1. ()- , . , - , 70, 53 .
2.3.2
(2014-2024) 2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 .
2.4
, . 17.1 , . 2014 1-8.
4 , 5 .
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
35 ..
4.
UZ 2 CENTAR
Urban blok 2.2. domuvawe
domuvawe so terc.dejnosti. soc. gri`i -dom za penzioneri kultura dr`avna administracija sport tercijaren sektor avtobuski terminal 1 PTT ulici
(
), ( ) ( )
Urban blok 2.4. domuvawe so hotelierstvo hotelierstvo primaren sektor za[titno zelenilo ulici
.
UZ 5 LESKAJCA
Urban blok 5.2. domuvawe domuvawe so terc. dejnosti obrazovanie,lok.centar i detska Ustanova ulici
.
Urban blok 5.4. domuvawe domuvawe so terc. dejnosti primaren sektor sekundaren sektor tercijaren sektor ulici
UZ 9 8. SEPTEMVRI
Urban blok 9.1. domuvawe domuvawe so terc. dejnosti lokalen centar i obrazovanie tercijaren sektor komunalen objekt ulici
.
Urban blok 9.3. domuvawe so terc. dejnosti sekundaren sektor tercijaren sektor ulici
/
UZ 12 GOCE DEL^EV Urban blok 12.2.
domuvawe domuvawe kombinirano detska ustanova medicinski centar tercijaren sektor
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
36 ..
5.
UZ 13. @ELEZNI^KA NASELBA Urban blok 13.2.
domuvawe domuvawe so terc.dejnosti primaren sektor tercijaren sektor ulici
/
UZ 17. STUDEN^I{TA Urban blok 17.1.
blato nauka kanal Studen~i[ta specijalna namena rekreacija ulici i pe[a~ki pateki
0-
UZ 2 CENTAR
61,20 ha Urban blok 2.2.
domuvawe domuvawe so terc.dejnosti. soc. gri`i -dom za penzioneri kultura dr`avna administracija sport tercijaren sektor avtobuski terminal 1 PTT ulici
9,49 ha 1,43 4,90 0,11 0,39 0,23 0,64 0,35 0,39 0,32
Urban blok 2.4. domuvawe so hotelierstvo hotelierstvo primaren sektor za[titno zelenilo ulici
10,19 ha 6,34 2,20 0,10 0,18
UZ 5 LESKAJCA 74,97 ha Urban blok 5.2.
domuvawe domuvawe so terc. dejnosti obrazovanie,lok.centar i detska Ustanova ulici
10,21 ha 4,50 3,18 1,26
Urban blok 5.4. domuvawe domuvawe so terc. dejnosti primaren sektor sekundaren sektor tercijaren sektor ulici
33,75 ha 20,51 3.99 1,25 3,51 2.63
UZ 9 8. SEPTEMVRI 63,22 ha
Urban blok 9.1. domuvawe domuvawe so terc. dejnosti
28,36 ha
18,41
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
37 ..
, , , . , 22 . , : , , . - 8 . , . , . . .
lokalen centar i obrazovanie tercijaren sektor komunalen objekt ulici
5.29 1.44 0,67 0,19
Urban blok 9.3. domuvawe so terc. dejnosti sekundaren sektor tercijaren sektor ulici
16,02 ha
0.28 12.68 1.61
UZ 12 GOCE DEL^EV 55,47 ha Urban blok 12.2.
domuvawe domuvawe kombinirano detska ustanova medicinski centar tercijaren sektor
17,75 ha
3,28 3,30 0,40 8,84 0,10
UZ 13. @ELEZNI^KA NASELBA 93,25 ha Urban blok 13.2.
domuvawe domuvawe so terc.dejnosti primaren sektor tercijaren sektor ulici
18.73 ha
7.90 2.09 5.57 2.88
UZ 17. STUDEN^I{TA 111,66 ha Urban blok 17.1.
blato nauka kanal Studen~i[ta specijalna namena rekreacija ulici i pe[a~ki pateki
70,96 ha 51,55 1,54 1,75 3,42 7,29
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
38 ..
:
-4 . , . -4 . ( - ). -5 - - - - - - - ., - . ( - ). - . .
-420 , -501 - . - . -504, , -503 - - -505 - - . , ., - - -418 - , - 409 - 413 . . ,, , , , , , .
, 1972. - , 1984. , 2004- . (60) (85.). 8 -- ..
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
39 ..
, . . , .
, , 2002 . :
11
1.750
50 -
9.0. , . - .
-
, , , - . :
, 3.026 m2
, 3.184 m2
, [ 1.987 m2
, 2.159 m2
, 1.629 m2.
a 11.985 m2 1,20
1936 ,
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
40 ..
. , , . , , , , . . :
.
, , Q = 30 - 120 l/sec; Q / = 60 l/sec
. Q = 3 - 8 l/sec; Q/ = 4 l/sec
.
Q = 2 45 l/sec= 90 l/sec
Q/ = 45l/sec
( ) Q . = 200 /
, .
:
770 3.500 m3
798 , 500 m3 20 ., 110 , , . , , 35 % . .
, . 150 250 //.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
41 ..
. , , 100 . 80 %. 200 500 , -, . 300 //, .
. .
-
I . , , , .
O E. . Q= 110 //.
110/35/10 110/10 . :
110/35 V " " 1110/35/10,5 , 40/40/13,4 V 2 110/21(0,5)/10,5 V, 20/20/6,68V
110/35 V " II" 1110/215/10,5 , 20/20/13,4 2 110/36,75)/10,5 , 20/13,4/13,4V
35/10 V "" 1 35/10,5 V 8 2 35/10,5 V 8 V
- 35/10 "" 1 35/10,5 , 4 V.
- 35/10 " " 1 35/10,5 V 2,5V
-
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42 ..
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, , .
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(2014-2024)
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47 ..
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48 ..
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, (. , . 63/12, 126/12, 19/13, 95/13 167/13 37/14).
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49 ..
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-
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50 ..
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, 695m. . 389,93 km2, 28 a 55.749.
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-
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51 ..
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1 ( . 56/74) 2 UNESCO World Heritage Center. 2008. Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World
Heritage Convention. Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Center.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
52 ..
10.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
53 ..
3.2 3
3.2.1.
( 11), : -. 695 m 700 m.
11.
. . , , . , (286 m), .
, - , . , , . - , - .
, , - , . , . -
3 (2012.)
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
54 ..
- . , . . , . (), .
, ( - , 2.288 m), () . 50 km, ( ) 10 km. ( ) 2.000 m .
, () . , , . . . , , . , .. .
, - - . . 694.4 m, - 884.0 m - 904.0 m. , . , , , . -, , - - . . . .
-
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55 ..
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. , , , . , , , .
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
56 ..
12. .
703 mm( 12) , , 759 mm . - 98,4 mm, 78,9 mm, 76,4 mm, - 23,2 mm - 29,1 mm. ( ), . 19 .
( 13). , 862 , 138 , . , 99, 81, , 215. 297, 2,4 m/s, 12,3 m/s. , , . 179, 176, 2,9 m/s 18,9 m/s.
, . 73, 1,8 m/s 15,5 m/s. 43, 2,5 m/s 12,3 m/s. 23, 3,1 m/s 18,9 m/s. .
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
57 ..
.
13.
, . . , . : 293%0, 193%0 165%0. "" 2.6 / . "" 3.4 /. ", , , , , , , , ".
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. , . , , 7 9 MCS. , , - , , ,
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
58 ..
. , , . 8 9 MCS , , , . , , , , , ,
3.2.4.
, - , - , 41 20 21 . 358 km2. , 2/3 , 1/3 . 31 km, 15 km, 151m 286 m, (22 m).
. 40 23 17 . () . , , : , ( ), . , . .
14 .
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
59 ..
( ). , , . . , , . 20 5 1-2 l/s, 2 1 l/s. , 20 l/s. . , , . .
0.44. 1963 694.62 ..., 1.5 . 693.12 ... , . , , , . . 10 , 2 . , , , .
, . , , - . , , . , 30 , . , , . .
, , , . , . , ,
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
60 ..
, , . , ( - ), . , , 1963 2010 , .
3.2.5.
:
- , - , -
, - .
. . (1999) ( IV) .. . , .
. (1999) - . . , , ( , ), . (, .).
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-T ( 30 cm), a -G. 30% . : T-G.
700 ha 0,03% . ( 500 ha),
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
61 ..
. (1999) , , 90 ha. , ( 43 ha). . , , ( ) ( ). . .
.. -. 300 cm. (). 220 cm. (1999) 2 000 000 m3. , , Phragmition, Magnocaricion Glycerieto-Sparganion. . .
- ()
- ; (A,a) 50 cm 30 cm. 100 cm, : Gso Gr. - : A-Gso-Gr A/Gso-Gso-Gr. - 50 000 ha. ( , , , , ), (, , , ) . .. . , . . ( ), ( 1999). (Trifolion resupinati) , 30 cm.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
62 ..
3.2.6.
3.2.6.1.
( , , , , , , ), , . : . , . . 1.500 ... . - , . " ". . . , . . .
.
15.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
63 ..
. , . . .
- , , ( ). - , , . ( 15).
. , . , , , , , , , , .
- . , , 2-3 .
, . , , .
. ( -Bacillariophyta), ( , Charophyta), ( ,Tubellaria), (Molusca), (Gastropoda) (Crustacea). , - Salmo letica -Acantholinngua ohridana.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
64 ..
, 216 - . , , Gastropoda, Oligochaeta, Ostracoda, Plathelmintes Porifera. , ' - IUCN (Globally Threatened Species): - Phoxinellus epiroticus, - Rutilus ohridanus, Salmo aphelios, - Salmo lumi, - Acantholingua ohridana, - Salmo balcanicus, - Salmo letnica. ( ) , .
, .
, : , () () .
() ( 75%), ( 16%) 9 %. , Phragmites australis 74 (0,31% ), , Poteamogeton perfoliatus (1021,13 - 4,28%) Chara tomentosa (1049,16 - 4,39 %) 2070,16 8,67 % ., (Nuphar lutea (L.) Smith, Polygonum amphibium L., Potamogeton perfoliatius L., Myriophyllum spicatium L., Myriophyllum vertricillatium L., Ceratophyllum demersum L., Elodea canadensis Rich.&Michx., Najas major All. Lemna trisulca L.).
, , . (Reynolds, 1984).
, .
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
65 ..
. , , , .
.
16.1-Cosmarium phaseolus;2-Ankistrodesmus lacustris;3-Dinobryon divergens 4-
Ceratium hirundinella
, , , , . , . 2001 2003 (58,7 - 35,3%) , Cosmarium phaseolus . 2002 Cyanophyta 57,45% 70,71% 10 .
, Cosmarium phaseolus, : Oocystis rhomboides, Ankistrodesmus lacustris, Staurastrum paradoxum, Ankistrodesmus falcatus Oocystislacustris( 16).
Chrysophyta Pyrrophyta
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
66 ..
( 85%). Chrysophyta Dinobryon divergens Dinobryon bavaricym. Chrysophyta, Cyanophyta Bacillaraophyta, . Pyrrophyta 80%, (. 61%) 10 , 20 , 1% . Pyrrophyta Ceratium hirundinella, Peridiniym cunnigtonii.
, 150 . Cyclotella fottii , ( 17). 200 250 . 150 , . .
. (Williamson, 1991)., , , - - . . . . , . . Cladocera: Diaphanosoma birgei lacustris (Korinek) Leptodora kandtii (Focke), ( 18). , , Copepoda. . . , . Cladocera ,
17.Cyclotella fotti
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
67 ..
, , , .
18. 1- Diaphanosoma birgei lacustris;2-Asplanchna priodonta; 3-Bosmina longirostris; 4-Keratella
cochlearis
, , . , , , ( 7). , , . , .
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
68 ..
7.
() 4
, . , : . . , , : , , , . . .
10 . , 5 , 2 , , 3 .
4
:
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
69 ..
Carex elata, Caricetum elatae. a . (2010), 89 . 11 4 ( 2 5 ) . , , .
.
16% , 20% , 35% 22,5% . . 34 . . . . . - . . (, , , ) . ( ) 7 . , , , 14 ( 17) , () . , , .
, , . , , . , , . , . , 2 3 . . ,
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
70 ..
. . , . , , . . , , , ( , ), . . , ( ), , , .
, . .
, . () . (2005) (2002, 2009). (2005) 11 6 ().
, : .
(1936) Phragmitetalia. (1963) : , - , , , , . , . (1963) . , .
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
71 ..
( . 2008). (1963) 10 . , , 19:
PHRAGMITETEA Tx. et Preis. 1942
Phragmitetalia eurosibirica W. Koch 1926
Phragmition
1. Scirpeto-Phragmitetum W. Koch 1926
2. Oenantheto-Roripetum Lohm. 1950 Oenanthe aquatica
Sparganio-Glycerion Br.-Bl. et Siss. 1942 3. Sparganio-Glycerietum fluitantis Br.-Bl. 1925
Magnocaricion W. Koch 1926
4. Caricetum elatae W. Koch 1926 lysimachietosum Mic. 1959 5. Cyperetum longi Mic. 1957
19. 1-Scirpus lacuster 2- Caricetum elatae 3- Cyperetum longi 4- Oenantheto-Roripetum
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
72 ..
. . 10 . , 5 , 2 , , 3 ( 20). - .
Carex elata, Caricetum elatae. (1985) Ceratophylum submersum. 3 15. 1957 Elodea canadensis Rich.& Michx. ( ) (, 2003). (Kostoski et al. 2010). (, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ( 2005), 25 , 60 ,
20.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
73 ..
( 2011). .
2000-2001 11 , 2 XX , ( 21).
()
. Hustedt (1945) 225 , 25. Jurilj (1949, 1954), , 352 . 1954 , , (, ). , , , , . Batrachospermum, , , . Jurilj Utricularia, .
, urilj (1954) (, Navicula, Amphora, Diploneis) 20 m. Jurilj (1945) : Navicula scutelloides var. tenuis Jurilj. , . Jurilj Friedrich Hustedt , . , , (Levkov et al.2007; Levkov 2009; Levkov & Ector 2010), (Levkov et al. 2007). .
21.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
74 ..
(2010), 89 . ( 62) () . 11 4 ( 2 5 ), . , , .
. , ( Amphora). , , , , o ( Gomphonema, Stauroneis, Navicula, Nitzschia).
( 1998). 16% , 20% (Stankovi & Radoman (1955): ( 1998), 35% ( 1966) 22,5% ( 1998). .
(Odonata)
( 1954; Peters & Hackethal 1986; Jovi & Mihajlova 2009) 34 ( 6) . Zawal et al. (2010) (81%) (19%). (IUCN) 15 , . , 13 LC-least concern-, a NT-near threatened . II: Coenagrion mercuriale. .
(Lepidoptera)
a , . ,
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
75 ..
. UTM (Scheider & Jaki, 1989) 138 , 68% , (Scheider & Jaki, 1989; Krpa & Mihajlova, 1997; , 2004; Verovnik & Micevski, 2008). : Gegenes nostradamus, Cupido argiades, Cupido alcetas, Polygonia egea, Melitaea diamina Neptis rivularis. , , , . .
- Gonepteryx cleopatra L., (Krpa & Mihajlova, 1997). (54) - 1983 , , . , . , . . 4 . ( 2 ), ( 4 ). ( 2) ( ). ( ). (PBAPrime Butterfly Areas) .
(Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Hristovski (2007). oj : Pterostichus (Melanius) elongatus Duftschmid, 1812, Amara (Curtonotus) convexiuscula (Marsham, 1802), Ophonus (Metophonus) puncticollis Paykull, 1798, Stenolophus (Stenolophus) proximus Dejean, 1829, Stenolophus (Stenolophus) skrimshiranus Stephens, 1828 Oodes helopioides helopioides Fabricius, 1792. 2010 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) (39), . : Agonum lugens, A. piceum, Amara convexiuscula, Stenolophus skrimshiranus, Brachinus elegans, Stenolophus proximus, Pterostichus elongatus Oodes helopioides O. gracilis. Platyderus
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
76 ..
. oj o . , . - .
23( 22). (Diptera, Chironomidae):Ablabesmya monilis, Thienemannimya lentiginosa, Potthastia gaedi, Eukifferiella quadridentata Cricotopus inaequalis ( 1998/99). (1962) 10 Batidae (Ephemeroptera): Batis pumilus, B. rhodani, B. carpatica, B. vernus, B. tenax, B. bioculatus, B. tricolor, Cloon dipterum, C. praetextum Procloon bifidum ( P. lychnidense). Heptagenia macedonica (Ecdyonidae) (1963). , Heptagenia macedonica .
(Plathelminthes, Turbelaria, Tricladida) . (Kenk 1978; 1994). (, , , ) . ( 25), , (1977). ( ) 7 : Eiseniella tetraedra, Allolobophora caliginosa trapezoides, Allolobophora leoni, Dendrobaena rubida, Dendrobaena veneta, Octolasium lacteum Lumbricus rubellus. .
22.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
77 ..
, . . , .
23.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
78 ..
, , , . , Cyprinus carpio , , , . , . , , , , , , 14 ( 17) , () . , , , . , , . , . , , . , , .
, . , 2 3 . , .
, . . , (Elaphe quatorlineata) , . , ( 24).
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
79 ..
24. Hyla arborea Emys orbicularis
, . , , .
25. (Ardeola ralloides) (Cygnus olor),
(Cygnus olor), ( ). , , , ( , ), ( 25). ( 50), ( ) , ( 40000 ), . 15 1 , ( ). ( , , ), .
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
80 ..
, , . (Lutra lutra), ( ), (Vulpes vulpes), (Mustela putorius), (Martes foina) . .
, 5
. : IUCN (IUCN, 2009), , ( ), , , , , . , , e , . , e : , , , , ( ), , .
, , .
- , - , . 1979 . . , , 51,55 ha .
, 1987 ,
5
:
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
81 ..
. . - , 2004 - . , , ( . 67/04, 14/06 84/07, 35/10 47/11).
, , , ( 1).
2012 , . , , 64 ha. , : 27 ha , 21 ha 16 ha ( 2)6
3.3
.
55.749, 16.012 46.000 2020
. 3,48. :
27.598
28.151 .
, , 8 :
6
:
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
82 ..
9 2007-2009
, :
10. ,
8
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
83 ..
15 , :
11. >15 ,
15 , , 12:
(65% ), , , . .
, ( , ). , . , , , . . . , . , , , .
12
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
84 ..
. , .
, , , . , . , .
, .
, 2005-2007 , 236.434 2005 , 233.218 2006 255.257 2007 , 45% .
. 2005 170.208, 2006 , 160.960, 2007 175.254. 2005 66.226, 2007 72.258, 2007 82.003. 3,5 , .
1.288.135 2005 , 1.244.487 2006 1.351.806 2007 , 65 % . . 2007 83 % .
184.048 2005 , 192.216 2006 223.849 2007 . . , 116.909 . , 58.525 , 39.831 , 37.246 . . , 20.831 2006 ,
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
85 ..
20.758 , 12.826 , 10.105 8.921 .
, ( 13). , , . .
13.
2009 7
, . 2004 11 . 2009 , ( : ) 20 . 2009 , , , , . , 7 : , , , , , , . ,
( : ) . 69 , .
7 . 26/09
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
86 ..
. .
2004 (Salmo letnica). , , .
3.4
, , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
2- 2.2.; 5- 5.2., 5.4.; 9- 9.1., 9.3.; 12- 12.2.; 13- 13.2.; 17- 17.1 (2014-2024) , .. , , , , , , , , , , . , .
2- 2.2.; 5- 5.2., 5.4.; 9- 9.1., 9.3.; 12- 12.2.; 13- 13.2.; 17- 17.1 (2014-2024) , , . , , .
5 , . , ().
, 1980 , - 30- (2006 ). 2009 , , ,
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
87 ..
, .
, , , . ( ), , - 1120 ( ), 507 , 281 , 173 , 86 , 31 , 5 , 34 , .
, . (2005 - 2020), 271 , 15 :
14.
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2
1. 36
2. 26
3. 81
4. 12
5. 114
271
, .
.
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
88 ..
: - ( ) .
: : . , . ( )( 26), . ( ), ( ), . ( ); : , ( ), . : , ; ( ): , , , ( ), .
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. . . . ( .) .
. 1295 , II . , . 1365 . , . . , . , .. . , . . 2002 .
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
89 ..
26. .
. 1035 1056 , . , , , . XIV , , - , , . XI, XII XIII. , . , , : . , . . . ; , 1054 . . , , , . , , , ( 27).
( ): , , , ( ), .
. (, ) ( 28). , . , . 893 , . ., . . ., ,
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
90 ..
. , . . . XIII XIV . XV , XVI , XVII , . ., .
27. .
28.
( 29). .
-
2- 2.2, 2.4; 5 5.2, 5.4; 9 9.1, 9.3; 12 12.2; 13 13.2; 17 17.1 (2014 2024)
91 ..
-. 10 16 . 18 .
29.
. XIII ( 30). . . , , . , .
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