1. Critical Thinking DS272 ACY2556 Evidence-based Practice | 5 2556 Argumentation Logical fallacy Evaluating information sources Tuesday, November 5, 13

2. 1) 100 2) 300 60 Tuesday, November 5, 13

3. Predictably irrational Tuesday, November 5, 13

4. (Argumentation) ( A B) A therefore B : premise : conclusion fact assumption A (premise) argument invalid Tuesday, November 5, 13

5. Valid argument Invalid argument 1. 2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LXMAR63TVDI&feature=relmfu Tuesday, November 5, 13

6. argument valid Breaking down an argument into its components Examine each premise http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-85-j7Nr9i4 6 Tuesday, November 5, 13

7. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LXMAR63TVDI&feature=relmfu Tuesday, November 5, 13

8. : (+ Hidden premises) : Tuesday, November 5, 13

9. (Argumentation) ( A B) A therefore B : premise : conclusion fact assumption 1. premise 2. premise Tuesday, November 5, 13

10. (Reasoning) Tuesday, November 5, 13

11. Premises fact? assumption? , , Tuesday, November 5, 13

12. claim fact EVIDENCE claim fact Tuesday, November 5, 13

13. What is Fact? . Tuesday, November 5, 13

14. objectively real BP, death, Tectonic plates FACT Strawberry ice-cream tastes better than Vanilla ice-cream true or false subjectively real Prof. Searles construction of reality Tuesday, November 5, 13 pain, quality of life US president Obama

15. 1 Falsify dispute courts demand evidence that is beyond reasonable doubt, not 100% absolutely proven. It means that our ability to reach the absolute truth is dependent on the quality of the evidence. 2 Black swan Tuesday, November 5, 13

16. 3 Fact Reality Reality is largely socially constructed from cultural historical contextual background Tuesday, November 5, 13

17. BP, death, Tectonic plates objectively real FACT Strawberry ice-cream tastes better than Vanilla ice-cream true or false subjectively real Prof. Searles construction of reality Tuesday, November 5, 13 pain, quality of life US president Obama

18. Reality Tuesday, November 5, 13

19. Tuesday, November 5, 13

20. ideology , Tuesday, November 5, 13

21. Ideology truth logic evidence Tuesday, November 5, 13

22. 5 Tuesday, November 5, 13

23. Executions are moral because we must have a death penalty to discourage violent crime. 23 Tuesday, November 5, 13

24. 1: 2: : 24 Tuesday, November 5, 13

25. Tuesday, November 5, 13

26. fallacy Tuesday, November 5, 13

27. Circular argument You should drive on the right side of the road because that is what the law says, and the law is the law. Tuesday, November 5, 13

28. Oversimplication Fallacy of Reduction Faulty Causation Confusing association with causation The nation's current lack of moral standards was caused by the poor example set by Bill Clinton when he was president. sex Tuesday, November 5, 13

29. (jumping to conclusion) http:/ /www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5, 13

30. (hasty conclusion) http:/ /www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5, 13

31. False dilemma/dichotomy (Either-Or Fallacy, Black and White Fallacy). . ! Tuesday, November 5, 13

32. (appeal to number) http:/ /www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5, 13

33. (appeal to pity) C C http:/ /www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5, 13

34. (stereotyping) http:/ /www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5, 13

35. (appeal to authority) http:/ /www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5, 13

36. (ad hominem) http:/ /www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5, 13

37. (irrelevant conclusion) http:/ /www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5, 13

38. (strawman) Tuesday, November 5, 13

39. (discredit) Tuesday, November 5, 13

40. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Tuesday, November 5, 13

41. Tuesday, November 5, 13

42. Critical thinking 1. asking questions 2. defining a problem 3. examining evidence 4. analyzing assumptions and biases 5. avoiding emotional reasoning 6. avoiding oversimplification 7. considering other interpretations 8. tolerating ambiguity Wade, C. (1995). Teaching of Psychology, 22(1), 24-28. Tuesday, November 5, 13

43. Critical Thinker: consensus concern to become and remain well-informed open-mindedness regarding divergent world views flexibility in considering alternatives and opinions honesty in facing ones own biases, stereotypes, or egocentric tendencies willingness to reconsider and revise views where honest reflection suggests that change is warranted Based on the APA Expert Consensus Delphi Report description of strong critical thinkers Tuesday, November 5, 13

44. (skills) (dispositions) Tuesday, November 5, 13

45. Bibliography http://www.insightassessment.com http://austhink.com/reason/tutorials/ http://skepdic.com/ http://www.theskepticsguide.org/resources/ logicalfallacies.aspx http://www.baanjomyut.com/10000sword/ poem/02.html Tuesday, November 5, 13

46. "What was the most important thing you learned in today's class? What question related to this session remains uppermost in your mind? Tuesday, November 5, 13