ec1-4

NORMAEUROPEA

Pagina IUNI EN 1991-1-4:2010

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UNIEnte Nazionale Italianodi UnificazioneVia Sannio, 220137 Milano, Italia

UNI EN 1991-1-4

MAGGIO 2010

Eurocodice 1Azioni sulle struttureParte 1-4: Azioni in generale - Azioni del vento

Eurocode 1Actions on structuresPart 1-4: General actions - Wind actions

La norma fornisce una guida per la determinazione delle azioni delvento per la progettazione strutturale di edifici ed opere di ingegneriacivile per ciascuna delle zone di carico considerate.La norma si applica a edifici ed opere di ingegneria civile conaltezza fino a 200 m e a ponti con campata non maggiore di 200 m.

TESTO INGLESE

La presente norma la versione ufficiale in lingua inglese dellanorma europea EN 1991-1-4 (edizione aprile 2005) edellaggiornamento A1 (edizione aprile 2010) e tiene contodellerrata corrige di gennaio 2010 (AC:2010).

La presente norma sostituisce la UNI EN 1991-1-4:2005.

ICS 91.010.30

Copyright Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Provided by IHS under license with UNI Licensee=Politecnico Milano/5935522004

Not for Resale, 11/05/2010 04:14:31 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

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UNI Pagina IIUNI EN 1991-1-4:2010

Le norme UNI sono elaborate cercando di tenere conto dei punti di vista di tutte le partiinteressate e di conciliare ogni aspetto conflittuale, per rappresentare il reale statodellarte della materia ed il necessario grado di consenso.Chiunque ritenesse, a seguito dellapplicazione di questa norma, di poter fornire sug-gerimenti per un suo miglioramento o per un suo adeguamento ad uno stato dellartein evoluzione pregato di inviare i propri contributi allUNI, Ente Nazionale Italiano diUnificazione, che li terr in considerazione per leventuale revisione della norma stessa.

Le norme UNI sono revisionate, quando necessario, con la pubblicazione di nuove edizioni odi aggiornamenti. importante pertanto che gli utilizzatori delle stesse si accertino di essere in possessodellultima edizione e degli eventuali aggiornamenti. Si invitano inoltre gli utilizzatori a verificare lesistenza di norme UNI corrispondenti allenorme EN o ISO ove citate nei riferimenti normativi.

PREMESSA NAZIONALELa presente norma costituisce il recepimento, in lingua inglese, dellanorma europea EN 1991-1-4 (edizione aprile 2005 + errata corrigeAC:2010) e dellaggiornamento A1 (edizione aprile 2010), cheassumono cos lo status di norma nazionale italiana.

La presente norma stata elaborata sotto la competenza dellaCommissione Tecnica UNIIngegneria strutturale

La presente norma stata ratificata dal Presidente dellUNI ed entrata a far parte del corpo normativo nazionale il 13 maggio 2010.



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EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM

EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1

April 2010

ICS 91.010.30

English Version

Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-4: General actions - Wind actions

Eurocode 1: Actions sur les structures - Partie 1-4 : Actions gnrales - Actions du vent

Eurocode 1: Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke - Teil 1-4: Allgemeine Einwirkungen - Windlasten

This amendment A1 modifies the European Standard EN 1991-1-4:2005; it was approved by CEN on 18 February 2010.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for inclusion of this amendment into the relevant national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This amendment exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION C O M I T E U R O P E N D E N O R M A LI S A T I O N EUR OP IS C HES KOM ITEE FR NOR M UNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members.

Ref. No. EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010: E

UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010Copyright Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Provided by IHS under license with UNI Licensee=Politecnico Milano/5935522004


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EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010 (E)

2

Foreword

This document (EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 250 Structural Eurocodes, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2010.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.



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EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010 (E)

3

Page 7

National annex for EN 1991-1-4 - add the following:

7.2.3(2) 7.2.3(4) 7.2.4(1) 7.2.4(3) 7.2.5(1) 7.2.5(3) 7.2.6(1) 7.2.6(3) 7.2.7 7.3(6) 7.9.2(2) Table 7.14

Page 37

7.2.3 Flat roofs

Delete 7.2.3(2) and replace with:

7.2.3(2) The roof should be divided in zones.

NOTE The zones may be defined by the National Annex. The recommended zones are given in Figure 7.6.

Delete 7.2.3(4) and (5) and replace with:

7.2.3(4) Pressure coefficients should be defined for each zone.

NOTE 1 The pressure coefficients may be set by the National Annex. The recommended values are given in Table 7.2 NOTE 2 The resulting pressure coefficient on the parapet should be determined using 7.4.

Page 39

Table 7.2 Delete title and replace with the following:

Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for flat roofs.

In NOTE 3 delete shall and replace with should.



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EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010 (E)

4

Editing Note The Table is now moved to a NOTE and therefore the font size used should be reduced accordingly. The Table should be repositioned at the first revision

Add the following new NOTE 6:

NOTE 6 For mansard eaves with horizontal dimension less than e/10,the values for sharp eaves should be used. For the definition of e see Figure 7.6

Page 40

7.2.4 Monopitch roofs - delete 7.2.4(1) and 7.2.4(3) and replace the text as follows:

7.2.4(1) The roof, including its protruding parts, should be divided in zones.



NOTE The pressure coefficients may be set by the National Annex. The recommended values are given in Table 7.3a and Table 7.3b.

Page 42

Tables 7.3a & 7.3b, change titles of both tables to:

Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for monopitch roofs

Editing Note The Tables are now moved to a NOTE and the font size used should be reduced accordingly. The Tables should be repositioned at the first revision



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EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010 (E)

5

Page 43

7.2.5 Delete 7.2.5(1) and 7.2.5(3) and replace with:




NOTE The pressure coefficients may be set by the National Annex. The recommended values are given in Table 7.4a and Table 7.4b.

Page 45

Table 7.4a , change title of table to:

Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for duopitch roofs

Editing Note The Table is now moved to a NOTE and the font size used should be reduced accordingly. The Table should be repositioned at the first revision

Page 46

Table 7.4b change title of table to:

Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for duopitch roofs




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EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010 (E)

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Page 47

7.2.6 Hipped roofs - delete 7.2.6(1) and 7.2.6(3) and replace with:




NOTE The pressure coefficients may be set by the National Annex. The recommended values are given in Table 7.5.

Page 48

Table 7.5 , change title of table to:

Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for hipped roofs of buildings


Page 49

7.2.7 Multispan roofs

Add new clause (4) at the end:

(4) For a multispan roof when no resulting horizontal force arise, a minimum roughness factor of 0,05 (independently from the roughness of the structure) should be taken into account for wind actions normal to the areas of the multispan roof. Consequently each multispan roof shall be designed for the following minimum resulting horizontal force:

0,05 qp,ze AShed

where AShed is the base area of each multispan roof.



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EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010 (E)

7

Page 55

7.3 Canopies

7.3(6) - delete the first bullet point and replace with the following:

for a monopitch canopy (Table 7.6) the location of the centre of pressure should be defined as a distance from the windward edge.

NOTE The location may be given in the National Annex. The recommended location is in Figure 7.16.

Page 72

7.9.2 Force coefficients - delete 7.9.2(2) and replace with:

7.9.2(2) Values of equivalent surface roughness k for new surfaces are given in Table 7.13.

NOTE For aged surfaces the values of the equivalent surface roughness k may be given in the National Annex.

Page 74

Table 7.14 - In Table 7.14, first column, second row a/b < 3, 5 delete expression and replace with :

2,5 < a/b < 3,5

Add the following NOTE to the Table:

NOTE For a/b < 2,5 the values of may be given in the National Annex



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EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC

January 2010 Janvier 2010 Januar 2010

ICS 91.010.30

English version Version Franaise Deutsche Fassung


Eurocode 1 : Actions sur les structures - Partie 1-4 : Actions gnrales - Actions du

vent

Eurocode 1: Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke -Teil 1-4: Allgemeine Einwirkungen -

Windlasten

This corrigendum becomes effective on 27 January 2010 for incorporation in the three official language versions of the EN.

Ce corrigendum prendra effet le 27 janvier 2010 pour incorporation dans les trois versions linguistiques officielles de la EN.

Die Berichtigung tritt am 27.Januar 2010 zur Einarbeitung in die drei offiziellen Sprachfassungen der EN in Kraft.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION C O M I T E U R O P E N D E N O R M A LI S A T I O N EUR OP IS C HES KOM ITEE FR NOR M UNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Tous droits d'exploitation sous quelque forme et de quelque manire que ce soit rservs dans le monde entier aux membres nationaux du CEN. Alle Rechte der Verwertung, gleich in welcher Form und in welchem Verfahren, sind weltweit den nationalen Mitgliedern von CEN vorbehalten.

Ref. No.:EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 D/E/FUNI EN 1991-1-4:2010



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EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)

2

1) Modifications to "National annex for EN 1991-1-4" Page 7, delete the following:

1.1 (11) Note 1.

Page 8, replace:

8.4.2 (1) Notes 1 and 2 with:

8.4.2 (1).

2) Modifications to 1.1 Page 9, replace paragraph (2) with the following one:

(2) This Part is applicable to:

Buildings and civil engineering works with heights up to 200 m, see also (11).

Bridges having no span greater than 200 m, provided that they satisfy the criteria for dynamic response, see (12) and 8.2..

Pages 9 and 10, replace paragraph (11):

(11) This part does not give guidance on the following aspects:

wind actions on lattice towers with non-parallel chords

wind actions on guyed masts and guyed chimneys

torsional vibrations, e.g. tall buildings with a central core

bridge deck vibrations from transverse wind turbulence

cable supported bridges

vibrations where more than the fundamental mode needs to be considered

NOTE 1 The National Annex may provide guidance on these aspects as non contradictory complementary information.

NOTE 2 For wind actions on guyed masts, guyed chimneys and lattice towers with non-parallel chords, see EN 1993-3-1, Annex A.

NOTE 3 For wind actions on lighting columns, see EN 40.

with:

(11) Guyed masts and lattice towers are treated in EN 1993-3-1 and lighting columns in EN 40.

(12) This part does not give guidance on the following aspects:

torsional vibrations, e.g. tall buildings with a central core



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EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)

3

bridge deck vibrations from transverse wind turbulence

wind actions on cable supported bridges

vibrations where more than the fundamental mode needs to be considered..

3) Modifications to 1.7 Pages 11 and 12, paragraph (2), Latin upper case letters, between the lines dedicated to K and Kiv, add the following line:

Ka

aerodynamic damping parameter.

Page 12, paragraph (2), Latin lower case letters, between the lines dedicated to cp and cprob, add the following lines:

cpe external pressure coefficient

cpi internal pressure coefficient

cp,net net pressure coefficient.

Page 13, paragraph (2), Latin lower case letters, between the lines dedicated to k and kp, add the following lines:

kl turbulence factor.

Page 14, paragraph (2), Greek lower case letters, definition of a, replace aerodynamic logarithmic decrement of damping with logarithmic decrement of aerodynamic damping.

Page 14, paragraph (2), Greek lower case letters, definition of s, replace structural logarithmic decrement of damping with logarithmic decrement of structural damping.

4) Modification to Section 2 Page 16, paragraph (2), replace the NOTE:

NOTE See also EN 1991-1-3, EN 1991-2 and ISO FDIS12494

with the following:

NOTE See also EN 1991-1-3, EN 1991-2 and ISO 12494.

5) Modification to 6.3.2 Page 30, paragraph (1), 3rd line, replace 5.2 with 5.3.

6) Modification to 7.2.8 Page 50, paragraph (1), Figure 7.11, replace the three lines between the figure itself and its title:

for 0 < h/d < 0,5, cpe,10 is obtained by linear interpolation

for 0,2 f/d 0,3 and h/d 0,5, two values of cpe,10 have to be considered



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EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)

4

the diagram is not applicable for flat roofs

with:

For Zone A:

for 0 < h/d < 0,5, the coefficient cpe,10 is obtained by linear interpolation

for 0,2 f/d 0,3 and h/d 0,5, two values of cpe,10 have to be considered

the diagram is not applicable for flat roofs.

7) Modification to 7.3 Page 56, paragraph 8), Table 7.6, 5th row [Roof angle = ]10, 4th column Zone A, 3rd line in the cell (corresponding to Minimum = 1), replace - 2,1 with - 1,6.

8) Modifications to 7.8 Page 68, paragraph (1), Table 7.11, replace the table with the following one:

Number of sides

Sections Finish of surface and of corners

Reynolds number Re(a) cf,0

5 Pentagon all All 1,80

6 Hexagon all All 1,60

8 Octagon

surface smooth (b) r/b < 0,075

Re 2,4105 1,45

Re 3105 1,30

surface smooth (b) r/b 0,075

Re 2105 1,30

Re 7105 1,10

10 Decagon all All 1,30

12 Dodecagon

surface smooth (c)corners rounded 2 10

5 < Re < 1,2106 0,90

all others Re < 4105 1,30

Re > 4105 1,10

16-18 Hexdecagon to Octadecagon

surface smooth (c)corners rounded

Re < 2105 treat as a circular cylinder, see (7.9)

2105 Re < 1,2106 0,70

(a) Reynolds number with v = vm and vm given in 4.3, Re, is defined in 7.9

(b) r = corner radius, b = diameter of circumscribed circumference, see Figure 7.26

(c) From wind tunnel tests on sectional models with galvanised steel surface and a section with b =

0,3 m and corner radius of 0,06 b

.

Page 68, paragraph (2), replace the paragraph with the following text:

(2) For buildings where h/d > 5, cf may be determined from Expression (7.13).



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EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)

5

NOTE See also Table 7.11 and Figure 7.26..

9) Modifications to 7.11 Page 76, paragraph (1), NOTE 1, replace Figure 7.33 to 7.35 are based with Figure 7.35 is based.

Page 76, paragraph (1),replace NOTE 2: NOTE 2 The National Annex may give a reduction factor for scaffolding without air tightness devices and affected by solid building obstruction. A recommended value is given in prEN 12811.

with:

NOTE 2 The National Annex may give a reduction factor for scaffolding without air tightness devices and affected by solid building obstruction. A recommended value is given in EN 12811..

10) Modification to 7.12 Page 79, paragraph (2), Table 7.15, last row, replace:

is the air density (see 7.1)

with:

is the air density (see 4.5 (1) NOTE 2).

11) Modification to 8.1 Page 84, paragraph (3), replace the NOTE:

NOTE The notation used for bridges differs from that defined in 1.7. The following notations are used for bridges:

L length in y-direction

b width in x-direction

d depth in z-direction

In Figure 8.2 the values to be given to L ,b and d in various cases are, where relevant, more precisely defined in further clauses. When Sections 5 to 7 are referred to, the notations for b and d need to be readjusted.

with:

NOTE The notation used for bridges differs from that in 1.7. The following notations (see Figure 8.2) are used for bridges:

L length in y-direction

b width in x-direction

d depth in z-direction

The values to be given to L, b and d in various cases are, where relevant, more precisely defined in various clauses. When Sections 5 to 7 are referred to, the notations for b and d need to be readjusted..



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EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)

6

12) Modifications to 8.3.1 Page 85, paragraph (1), end of NOTE 2, add , where some typical cases for determining Aref,x (as defined in 8.3.1(4)) and dtot are shown..

Page 86, paragraph (1), Figure 8.3, replace the notes within the figure:

a) construction phase or open parapets (more than 50% open)

b) With parapets or noise barrier or traffic with:

a) Construction phase, open parapets (more than 50% open) and open safety barriers

b) Solid parapets, noise barrier, solid safety barriers or traffic thus:

"

".



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EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)

7

Page 86, paragraph (1), NOTE 4, replace Where two generally similar decks are at the same level and separated transversally by a gap not exceeding significantly 1 m with Where two generally similar decks are at the same level and separated transversely by a gap not significantly exceeding 1 m.

Page 87, top of page, paragraph preceding paragraph (4), replace the following paragraph:

(2) Where a bridge deck is sloped transversely, cfx,0 should be increased by 3% per degree of inclination, but not more than 25 %.

with the following one:

(3) Where a bridge deck is sloped transversely, cfx,0 should be increased by 3% per degree of inclination, but not more than 25 %..

Page 87, paragraph (4), replace:

Reference areas Aref,x for load combinations without traffic load should be defined as :

with:

Reference areas Aref,x for load combinations without traffic load should be based on the relevant value of dtot as defined in Figure 8.5 and Table 8.1:.

Page 87, paragraph (4), entry (a), delete (see Figure 8.5 and Table 8.1). Page 88, paragraph (4), replace the title:

Table 8.1 Depth to be used for Aref,x

with:

Table 8.1 Depth dtot to be used for Aref,x.

Page 88, paragraph (7), replace:

Wind pressure effects of passing vehicles are outside the scope of this Part. Wind effects induced by passing trains see EN 1991-2.

with:

Wind pressure effects from passing vehicles are outside the scope of this Part. For wind effects induced by passing trains see EN 1991-2..

13) Modification to 8.4.2 Page 91, end of paragraph (1), add the following NOTE 2: NOTE 2 The National Annex may give procedures for the treatment of asymmetric loading. The recommended procedure is to completely remove the design wind load from those parts of the structure where its action will produce a beneficial effect (see 7.1.2 (1))..

14) Modification to A.3

Page 99, paragraph (5), list entry b), replace when: dLz

> 3,5 with when: eL

X> 3,5.



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EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)

8

15) Modification to A.5 Page 101, at the end of paragraph (1), add the sentence These rules are direction dependent, the values of have and x should be established for each 30 sector as described in 4.3.2..

16) Modification to C.4 Page 109, replace paragraph (1):

(1) The maximum along-wind displacement is the static displacement determined from the equivalent static wind force defined in 5.2.

with:

(1) The maximum along-wind displacement is the static displacement determined from the equivalent static wind force defined in 5.3..

17) Modification to Annex D Pages 111 and 112, Figure D.1 and Figure D.2, within both figures, under "based on", replace s = 0 with "a = 0.

18) Modification to E.1.3.1 Page 115, paragraph (1), 2nd line, replace "equals a natural frequency of the structure or a structural element" with equals the natural frequency (mode i) of the structure or the structural.

19) Modifications to E.1.5.2.2 Page 121, definitions in Table E.3, last row, replace the following definition:

vcrit,i is the critical wind velocity (see Expression (E.1)) with:

vcrit,i is the critical wind velocity (see E.1.3.1).

Page 121, definitions in Table E.3, last row, last line, replace the following definition:

vm,Lj is the mean wind velocity (see 4.2) in the centre of the effective correlation length as defined in Figure E.3

with:

vm,Lj is the mean wind velocity (see 4.3.1) in the centre of the effective correlation length as defined in Figure E.3.

20) Modification to E.1.5.2.4 Page 124, paragraph (2), Table E.5, last row, replace NOTE 1:

NOTE 1 The mode shape, i,y(s), is taken from F.3. The parameters n and m are defined in Expression (E.7) and in Figure E.3

with:



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EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)

9

NOTE 1 The mode shape, i,y(s), is taken from F.3. The parameters n and m are defined in Expression (E.8) and in Figure E.3.

21) Modification to E.1.5.2.7 Page 126, replace the last sentence of paragraph (2) before the final NOTE:

For coupled cylinders with a/d > 3,0 specialist advice is recommended.

with:

For coupled cylinders with a/b > 3,0 specialist advice is recommended..

22) Modifications to E.1.5.3 Page 127, paragraph (2), list of definitions, replace the following definition:

St is the Strouhal number given in E.1.6.2

with:

St is the Strouhal number given in Table E.1.

Page 127, paragraph (2), list of definitions, add the following definition between the definitions of "aL" and "St":

Sc is the Scruton number given in E.1.3.3.

Page 128, paragraph (5), Table E.6, NOTE, delete ", respectively" at the end of the sentence.

Page 128, paragraph (6), replace equation (E.17):

"

+=

)K(Sc

,

k

a4750tan

2,112p

(E.17)"

with the following expression:

"

+=

4

p 475,0tanarc2,112

aKSck

(E.17)".

23) Modification to E.4.2 Page 134, paragraph (1), list, replace the second bullet point:

" The torsional axis is parallel to the plane of the plate and normal to the wind direction, and the centre of torsion is at least d/4 downwind of the windward edge of the plate, where b is the inwind depth of the plate measured normal to the torsional axis. This includes the common cases of torsional centre at geometrical centre, i.e. centrally supported signboard or canopy, and torsional centre at downwind edge, i.e. cantilevered canopy."

with:



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EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)

10

" The torsional axis is parallel to the plane of the plate and normal to the wind direction, and the centre of torsion is at least d/4 downwind of the windward edge of the plate, where d is the inwind depth of the plate measured normal to the torsional axis. This includes the common cases of torsional centre at geometrical centre, i.e. centrally supported signboard or canopy, and torsional centre at downwind edge, i.e. cantilevered canopy.".

24) Modification to E.4.3 Page 135, end of paragraph (3), below the final figure, add the figure number and title that follow:

Figure E.6 Rate of change of aerodynamic moment coefficient, dcM/d, with respect to geometric centre GC for rectangular section.

25) Modifications to F.2 Page 138, paragraph (5), list entry b), replace "L > L1" with "L L1".

Page 138, paragraph (5), list entry c), replace "L > L1 > L2" with "L L1 L2".

Page 139, paragraph (7), Expression (F.10), in the denominator of the expression, replace "K2" with "K2".

26) Modification to F.5 Page 145, paragraph (5), Table F.2, replace NOTE 1 with NOTE; then delete NOTE 2 as follows:

NOTE 2 For cable supported bridges the values given in Table F.2 need to be factored by 0,75.

27) Modifications to Bibliography Page 146, replace the second reference:

ISO 3898 General principles on reliability for structures

with:

ISO 3898 Bases for design of structures Notations General symbols.

End of the Bibliography, add the two following references:

EN 12811-1 Temporary works equipment Part 1: Scaffolds Performance requirements and general design

and:

ISO 12494 Atmospheric icing of structures.



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EN 1991-1-4

April 2005

ICS 91.010.30 Supersedes ENV 1991-2-4:1995

English version


Eurocode 1: - Actions sur les structures - Partie 1-4: Actions gnrales - Actions du vent

Eurocode 1: Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke - Teil 1-4: Allgemeine Einwirkungen - Windlasten

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 June 2004.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION C O M I T E U R O P E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N E U R O P I S C H E S K O M I T E E F R N O R M U N G

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members.

Ref. No. EN 1991-1-4:2005: E

UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010



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