electrical machines and equipment

Electrical Machines Major Electrical Technology Department

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia General Organization for Technical Education and Vocational Training

Colleges of Technologe Directorate

Deanship of Academic Affairs

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY

CURRICULUM

FOR

ELECTRICAL MACHINES

PREPARED BY

DR. ALI OSHEIBA DR. HOCINE DRIDI DR. ABDALLAH BENSELAMA DR. ABDELGHANY ELSAYED DR. AHMED MECHRAOUI

FIRST EDITION H G


Electrical Machines MajorElectrical Technology Department ELE 205 Code Workshop 2 : Repair and Control of Electrical Machines Course Title

WS-1: Electrical Mechanics and Protection Prerequisite

65 4 3 2 1 Semester

3 Credit hr/w

L 6 W T

Contacthr/w

L 90 W T

Contact hr/sem.

Course Description : This practical course deals with the design, cost calculation

and assembly of distribution panels, contactor control circuits and fault finding and repair of electrical machines, gear boxes and braking devices.

General Goal : The student should be able to carry out job planning, cost calculations, assembly and repair in conjunction

with distribution panels, contactor control circuits and electrical machines.

Behavioral Objectives : The student

performs job planning and makes lists of necessary materials, calculates working time and costs installs, puts into operation and carries out trouble shooting in distribution panels and contactor control circuits carries out maintenance and repair work on electrical motors and drives applies protective measures and safety regulations according to the standards

L = Lecture Hours, W = Workshop/Laboratory Hours, T = Tutorial Hours


Topics (Theory & Practice) 1. Job planning and cost calculation 2. Distribution panels

Assembling of components Testing components

3. Contactor control circuits for electrical machines Circuit components Open loop control circuits Assembling, testing and fault finding

4. Fault finding and repair of motors, gear boxes and braking devices Electrical motors Gear boxes for electrical motors Braking devices for electrical machines

TOP 2 and 4: Electrical Power Engineering Proficiency Course Deutsche Gesellschaft fr Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ)

Textbook:

Additional Reading:

References:


Detailed Curriculum (Practice) Behavioral Objectives Contents Hrs

The student ... - reads technical drawings and circuit documents and applies them - plans the necessary working steps and estimates the required working time

- selects materials, wires and cables according to instructions with the help of

catalogues - draws up a list of tools and materials needed selects tools and materials for maintenance and repair - draws up a cost estimation and checks it when the work is completed - knows and applies the industrial safety provisions and the trade accident prevention regulations The student ... - applies the regulations and standards for assembling and putting into operation low voltage distributors - names selective criteria for the distribution and applied equipment - assembles distributors of different types for different purposes - selects the type of wiring and connects the components according to the circuit diagram - installs industrial measuring instruments and connects them directly or over a measuring transformer to the source

-

The student - carries out a safety inspection with the help of measuring instruments - installs and connects distributors

1. Job planning and cost calculation

- Circuit diagrams - Documents - Working steps - Time consumption for labour - Wires, cables, etc. - Tool and material list for maintenance and repair - Cost estimation - Industrial safeties - Accident prevention regulations

2. Distribution panels

Assembling of components - Low voltage distributors - Regulations for assembly - Types of distributors - Circuit connections - Selection of material - Connection of circuit components - Installation of industrial instruments Testing components - Safety inspection - Installation of distributors -Tests and inspection report

18 W

24 W


- tests for proper functioning - draws up a report to hand over The student ... describes the construction and functioning of different circuit components such as switches, relays, contactors etc. - states the application of various components and evaluates their characteristics - names components criteria for the selection in open loop control circuits The student describes with the help of circuit diagrams the functioning of various contactor circuits: - analyses sequential controls, develops the necessary circuits and draws the circuit diagram The student - assembles the components of the open loop control and connects them according to the circuit diagram - performs a visual inspection of the assembly - carries out safety tests and necessary adjustments for optimal operation with the help of measuring instruments - carries out systematic fault finding and repair with the help of a circuit diagram and measuring instruments - fills out inspection forms and prepares the documentation The student ... - tests rotating electrical machines and determines whether they are repairable - turns and saws commutators and slip-

3. Contactor control circuits for electrical machines

Circuit components - limit switches, - pressure-operated switches, - temperature relays, - synchro-generators, - float switches - time delay relays - safety-locking contactor - motor protecting switches Open loop control circuits * On/Off circuit * Reversal circuit * Star-Delta ciruit * Pole.changing circuit, * sequential control circuits Assembly, tests and faults - Open loop control assembly - Circuit diagrams - Visual inspection - Safety inspection - Optimal operation - Fault finding - Inspection forms - Documents

4. Fault finding and repair of motors and their accessories

Electrical motors - Repairable check - Repair commutators and slip-rings - Brushes, brush holders

30 W


rings - exchanges carbon brushes and grinds them to fit - adjusts the brush holder - exchanges the start switch and condensers - checks the completed repair work according to instructions The student ... - checks gears from electrical machines and determines whether they are repairable - dismantles and cleans gears - makes oil changes - exchanges faulty bearings, sealing rings, cog wheels and shafts from gears - assembles gears, seals them and fills them with oil The student ... - distinguishes the difference between braking devices - tests the braking device and its mechanical and electrical parts - adjusts the brakes according to instructions and technical documents - changes brake linings, brake discs, brake drums, brake magnets and parts of clutch

- Starter switch - Condenser - Check of repair work

Gear boxes for electrical motors

- Repairable check - Oil change - Desassembly - Faulty bearings - Sealing rings - Cog wheels - Shafts from gears - Assembly

Braking devices for electrical machines

- Braking devices - Adjustment - Brake repair


Electrical Machines MajorElectrical Technology Department ELE 352 Code Fundamentals of Electric Drives Course Title

AC Machines Prerequisite 65 4 3 2 1 Semester

3 Credit hr/w

2 L 2 W 1 T

Contacthr/w

30 L 30 W 15 T

Contact hr/sem.

Course Description : The course covers the performance of electrical drives,

selection of motor rating, starting, braking, speed control of dc motor, induction motor, and synchronous motor drives. Energy conversion in electrical drives is also covered considering current and future needs of the industry.

General Goal : This course is designed to give students a comprehensive introduction to the classification of drives, theory of operation, performance analysis and applications of different electric drives.

Behavioral Objectives : This course gives the student a deep understanding of various aspects of different electric

drives behavior for general industrial applications.

A graduated student should have the ability to select, operate, and control electric machine drive.


Topics (Theory & Practice) Introduction.

Characteristics of loads. Characteristics of electric motor drive. Control of electric motor drives.


A. Hughes, Electric Motors and Drives Fundamentals, Types and Applications, Heinemann Newnes, London, 1990.

V. Subrahmanyam, Electric Drives: Concepts and Applications, Mc Graw-Hill, New York, 1990.

Textbook:

P. C. Krause et al , Electromechanical Motion Devices, Mc Graw Hill Edition , 1989

S.B. Dewan , G.R. Slemon, A. Straughen, Power Semiconductor Drives, John Wiley &Sons, 1984.

B.M. Bird, K.G. KING, D.A.G. Pedder, An Introduction to Power Electronics John Wiley & Sons 1993.

P,C, Sen, Thyristor DC Drives, New York, 1981.

Additional Reading:

1. B.K. Bose, Power Electronics and AC Drives, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1986.

2. P.C. Sen, Principles of Electric Machines and Power Electronics, John Wiley, 1989.

3. J.T. Humphries, Motors and Controls, Merril Publishing Company, Columbus, 1988.

4. G.K. Dubey, Fundamentals of Electrical Drives, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi.

5. M.E. El-Hawari, Principles of Electric Machines with Power Electronics Applications, Prentice Hall-Reston, 1986.

6. V. Subrahmanyam, Thyristor Control of Electric Drives, Tata Mc Graw-Hill , new Delhi, 1988.

References:


Detailed Curriculum (Theory) Behavioral Objectives Contents Hrs

The student should have the ability to :

Explain the function of each component in the system drive

Identify and determine the load characteristics

Know different types of electrical drive

Identify and determine the characteristics of electrical drive

Select the appropriate converter adapted to the application needs and constraints

Compare the different methods of electrical machines control

Introduction: Requirements of an adjustable

speed drive Forms of drive motors

Comparison of DC and AC drives Trends in drive technology Choice of electrical drives

Characteristics of Loads: Nature and classification of load

torques Quadratural diagram of

speed/torque characteristics Loads with rotational motion Loads with translational motion Components of loads torques Dynamics of motor load

combination

Characteristics of Electric Motor Drives Introduction Characteristics of DC motors Characteristics of three-phase

induction and synchronous Motor drives Braking of electric motors:

(Regenerative braking, dynamic braking, counter current braking)

Starting of electric motors: (Direct on line, low voltage starting, rotor resistance starting, low frequency starting, special rotor construction)

Energy relations during starting.

Control of Electric Motor Drives: Methods of Speed Control of DC

Motor Drives Controlled rectifier feeding DC Motor Four Quadrant DC Chopper feeding DC

Motors Methods of Speed Control of

Induction Motor Drives Constant voltage operation Constant horse-power operation Constant flux operation

Methods of Speed Control of Synchronous Motor Drives

Variable frequency supply Voltage source inverter fed synchronous

motor drive

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Current source inverter fed synchronous motor drive


A graduate student should have the ability to:

Understand the meaning of average and RMS values of currents and voltages.

Show the reversibility of the Static Converters.

Obtain the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the static converter-electrical machine association.

Select the right static converter adapted to the needs and constraints.

Show the merits of the converter fed electrical machine.

Determine and adjust the parameters for speed control.

DC Motor Control Controlled Rectifier fed DC Motor

Drives Single phase fully-controlled rectifier Single phase half-controlled rectifier Three phase fully-controlled rectifier Three phase half-controlled rectifier

Four Quadrant DC Chopper fed Dc

Motor Drives Speed - torque Characteristics

AC Motor Control Control Methods of Induction Motor

Drives Stator voltage control Variable frequency control from voltage

sources Variable frequency control from a current

source Rotor resistance control Static rotor resistance control

Control Methods of Synchronous Motor Drives

Variable frequency control from voltage sources

Variable frequency control from a current source

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Electrical Power / Machines Major Electrical Technology Department ELE 211 Code Electric Circuits Course Title

Physics-2 Prerequisite 65 4 3 2 1 Semester

3 Credit hr/w

3 L W

1 T

Contacthr/w

45 L W

15 T

Contact hr/sem.

Course Description :

This course covers electrostatics, DC circuits, and electromagnetic. The course contents include: field, dielectric strength, capacitance, Ohm s law, Kirchhoff s laws, series & parallel networks, power, AC voltages, currents, impedance, series & parallel AC networks, power triangle and power factor correction. The course includes also three phase circuits analysis and the switching phenomena in R-L and R-C circuits

General Goal : This course is designed mainly to give the students a basic knowledge and analysis of DC and AC circuits

Behavioral Objectives : The student should be able to:

Identify the basic electric quantities Apply Kirchhoff s laws, voltage and current division rules and analyze simple circuits Recognize the magnetic quantities, self mutual inductance and induced voltage in the magnetic circuits Identify the AC quantities (peak, r m s and average values, period, frequency, and phase shift) Recognize the wave form, impedance, active power, reactive power, apparent power, and power triangle Analyze simple circuits Know the configurations of the three phase systems, power in three phase systems and power factor

improvement

Calculate the current and voltage changes due to switching in R-L and R-C circuits



Topics (Theory & Practice) Electrostatics D.C Circuits Electromagnetism A.C Circuits Three Phase Circuits Switching Phenomena in R-L and R-C circuits.

Robert L. Boylestad, Introductory Circuit Analysis , Merill, 5th Edition 1987

Textbook:

A. Bruce Carlson & David G. Gisser Electrical Engineering Concepts & Applications Addison-Wesley, 2nd Edition 1990

Additional Reading:

Robert L. Boylestad, Introductory Circuit Analysis , Merill, 5th Edition 1987

References:



The student should be able to;

Identify the basic electric quantities

Apply kirchhoff s laws, voltage and current division rules and analyze simple circuits

Recognize the magnetic quantities, self and mutual inductances and induced voltage in magnetic circuits

Identify AC quantities (peak, r.m.s. and average values, period, frequency, and phase shift)

Recognize the wave form, impedance, active power, reactive power, apparent power, and power triangle

Analyze simple circuits Know the configurations of the three phase

systems, power in three phase systems and power factor improvement

Calculate the current and voltage changes due to switching in R-L and R-C circuits

Electrostatic Field

Brief introduction to electrical quantities i.e. current, voltage and electric field.

D.C circuits

Electrical resistance, series and parallel connection, Ohm s Law, Kirchhoff s law,

current and voltage division rule and power. Simple circuit analysis.

Electromagnetic Field Definition of magnetic quantities,

Self and Mutual Inductance. Induced voltage in Magnetic circuits.

A.C Circuits

A.C quantities: Peak, r.m.s values, period, frequency, phase shift, phasor diagrams, wave

forms, impedance, resonance, power (active, reactive and apparent). Power triangle and

power factor. Brief review of related mathematics. Simple circuit analysis.

Three phase circuits

Introduction to three phase systems, different configurations in three phase systems, Power in

three phase systems (Active, Reactive and Apparent).

Power factor improvement

Switching phenomena in R-L and R-C circuits

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Electrical Power / Machines MajorElectrical Technology Department ELE 212 Code Electrical Instrumentation and Measurements Course Title

Prerequisite 65 4 3 2 1 Semester

2 Credit hr/w

1 L 2 W T

Contacthr/w

15 L 30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

Course Description : This course covers a wide range of measuring instruments,

including their function, constructions, characteristics, calibrations, and applications. The course contents include: introduction to instruments, units, and measurements, errors, moving coil and moving iron instruments, electrodynamics and induction instruments, DC and AC bridges, digital instruments, and oscilloscopes.

General Goal : This course aims to give the students a concise introduction to the theory and practice of electrical

instrumentation and measurements. Behavioral Objectives :

The student should be able to: Know the S. I. system and the S. I. derived units Describe the source of errors in measurements and caries out an error analysis Describe the construction and principle of operation of moving coil, moving iron, electrodynamics and

induction type instruments Know how to use these instruments in measuring different electric quantities Know how to extend the range of operation of each instrument Know how to use DC and AC bridges in measuring resistance, inductance and capacitance Describe the basic functions of digital multi meter and oscilloscope Know how to use oscilloscope in measuring different electric quantities



Topics (Theory & Practice) Systems Units Standards Errors in Moving Coil Instruments Iron Coil Instruments Electrodynamics Instruments Induction Instruments Current Voltage and Resistance Measurements AC Power and Power factor measurements DC/AC Bridges Digital multi meters Oscilloscope

HUGHES ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY, seven edition, 1997, revised by Ian McKenzi Smith Textbook:

BASIC ELECTRICAL and ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING. Fourth edition, By E.C BELL and R.W WHITEHEAD, revised by W BOLTON.

Additional Reading:

References:



The student should be able to:

Know the S. I. system and the S. I. Derived units.

Describe the source of errors in measurements and carry out an error analysis

Describe the construction and principle of operation of moving coil instrument.

Calculate the electromagnetic torque, control torque, and the series and shunt resistance for range extension.

Recognize the basic principle of attraction and repulsion types.

Represent the source of errors in measuring r.m.s values in AC quantities.

Describe the principle of operation

Use the instrument for measuring current, voltage and power

Extend the range of operation

Describe the principle of operation

Use the instrument for measuring current, voltage, power and energy.

Measure the resistance, inductance and capacitance using different bridges.

System of units and standards The S. I. System, The S. I. Drives units.

Error in Measurements

Accuracy, Precision and Sensitivity

Source of errors in measuring systems

Moving Coil Instrument

Construction and principles of operation

The electromagnetic torque and the control torque for a certain angular deflection

The series and shunt resistance for the extension of voltage and current readings.

Advantages and disadvantages Moving Iron Instrument

Basic principle of attraction and repulsion types

Source of errors in measuring the r.m.s values of AC quantities (Voltage and current)

Advantages and disadvantages Electrodynamics Instrument

Principle of operation of Ampermeter, Voltmeter, or wattmeter

Extending the range of operation Induction Instrument Principle of operation of Ampermeter, Voltmeter, wattmeter, and energy meter. DC & AC Bridges

Measuring the resistance using different bridges

Measuring inductance and capacitance using AC bridges.

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Recognize the basic function of digital instrument

Use the multi digital meter

Recognize the basic function of oscilloscope

Use the oscilloscope in measurement

Digital Instruments

Basic functions and applications of multi digital meters. Oscilloscope

Basic functions and applications.

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The student should be able to;

- Measure the voltage, current and obtain the resistance - Calculate the resistance under consideration of error in measurement - Measure the resistance using AVO - Use Megger in insulation testing.

-Calculate and measure small resistance (0.1 to 100 ) by applying Wheatstone and Thomson bridges

-Measure active and reactive power and calculate the power factor. -Measure the power factor using different methods.

Measurement of inductance, capacitance using different AC bridges.

-Describe and handle the oscilloscope in y-t and x-y modes -Measure and evaluate the AC quantities such

Basic Measurements

- Measurement of Voltage, current, and resistance (indirect) - Calculation of resistance under consideration of errors caused by the ammeter and voltmeter - Measuring unknown resistance using a direct measuring instrument (AVO meter) - Basic principle of an insulation meter (Megger) and applying it for insulation testing.

DC Bridges-Calculating and measuring unknown resistances (range from 0.1 to 1 M) by applying the Wheatstone bridge -Comparing Wheatstone with Thomson Bridge.

AC Power and Power Factor Measurement -Measuring the active and reactive power in a single-phase ac circuit and calculating the power factor. -Measuring the power factor using the three voltmeter method or the three ammeter method.

AC Bridges-Practical applications of AC bridges and deriving the two conditions for balancing an AC bridge. -Functions of the Maxwell bridge, Wein bridge, Maxwell-Wein bridge, and Schering bridge

-Application of different AC bridges

Oscilloscope-Describing the handling of the oscilloscope in the y-t and x-y modes -Measuring and evaluating AC quantities such as f, t, Upp, Up, etc -Measuring the characteristics of electrical and electronic components.

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as f, t, Up, Upp, etc. 6

Electrical Power / Machines MajorElectrical Technology Department ELE 341 Code Protection of Electrical SystemsCourse Title

Electrical Distribution Systems Prerequisite 65 4 3 2 1 Semester

3 Credit hr/w

2 L 2 W 1 T

Contacthr/w

30 L 30 W 15 T

Contact hr/sem.

Course Description : This course introduces the student to common faults on

electrical power system components i.e. generators, motors, feeders & transformers and the practical measures recommended through application of different protective schemes.

General Goal : At the end of the course the student will understand the functioning and setting of different types of

industrial relays: Over-load (O/L), definite time and inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) O/C relay, over and under voltage relay, frequency relay and directional relay. The student will also develop adequate theoretical and practical knowledge with regards to choosing proper protective schemes for different power systems components (motors, generators, feeders and transformers).

Behavioral Objectives :

Upon course completion the student will be able to perform the following tasks: . Recognize different types of electrical faults and explain their effect on electrical systems components.

2. Define terms related to protection of electrical systems and describe the construction, functioning and application of current transformers, voltage transformers (C.Ts, V.Ts) and different types of protective relays. . Identify common abnormal conditions in generators, transformers, feeders & motors and choose proper protective scheme for specific fault condition.

4. Calculate pick-up current / time of operation for O/C relays in simple radial systems. 5. Construct the wiring diagrams required for testing O/C, under/over voltage and directional relays and

make necessary measurements. 6. Use computer application software to do protection coordination analysis for practical radial and ring

circuits.



Topics (Theory & Practice) Theoretical Topics: Brief review of faults in electrical systems C.Ts & V.Ts Introduction to protective relays Generator protection Transformer protection Feeder protection Motor protection.

Practical Topics: Testing of C.T & V.T (single & three phase) Testing of definite time O/C relay Testing of I.D.M.T relay Testing of over / under voltage relay Testing of directional relay Application of different types of relays to transmission line (T.L) model Protection coordination using computer software application.


Power systems protection, 4 volume set (Principles & components, Systems

& methods, Application and Digital protection & signaling) ISBN # 0-85296-834-5/836-1/837-X/838-8, 1995, Edited by the British

Textbook:

1. Generator protection application guide, Basler Electric Company, 1994. 2. Generator protection application guide, ABB Company, 1986. 3. Application guide for industrial generator protection, GEC Company, 1995.

4. Power transformer protection application guide, ABB company, 1988. 5. Transformer protection application guide, Basler Electric Company, 1996.

6. Application guidelines for protection of industrial three-phase motor, GEC company, 1995.

7. Protective relays training course, ISCOSA Training Center, 1994. 8. Introduction to protection & electromagnetic relays, Technical short course, SCECO East, 1994.

9. Industrial SwitchGear Technology, Dr. M.M. Abdul Ghani, College of Technology at Dammam, Short training course, 1997.

Additional Reading:

Protective relaying theory and applications, ASEA Brown Boveri Transmission & Distribution Dept, 1994, Marcel Dekker publisher.

Protection of electricity distribution networks, J.Gers & E.J.Holmes, IEE Series, 1998, ISBN # 0-85296-923-6.

Power system relaying, Stanley H. Horowitz, Second edition, 1995, Research Studies Press Ltd.

Electricity Training Association. Protective relays application guide, GEC Company, 3rd edition, 1995. IEEE Guide for AC generator protection, IEEE Std C37.102, 1995. Guide for AC motor protection, ANSI/IEEE C37.96, 1988. Guide for protective relay applications to power transformers,

ANSI/IEEE C37.91, 1985.

References:



The student should be able to: Recognize different types of electrical

faults and explain their effects on electrical system s performance.

Describe the construction, functioning

and application of current & voltage transformers and draws the connection diagram.

Define terms related to electrical

protection. Describe the construction, functioning,

application and setting of the most common industrial protective relays. Classify relays according to their IEEE

function number.

Identify different faults in generators. Compare between different stator

earthing conditions from the point of view of phase to ground fault detection. Choose and properly set protective

relays required for specific fault condition.

Identify different faults in

transformers. Choose and properly set protective

relays required for specific fault condition / transformer size and function. Solve special problems associated with

differential protection schemes. Explain the function of fault

monitoring equipment.

1. Brief review of faults in electrical systems: Sources of S.C current, Types of faults (O/L, S.C, and O.C) and their effects on electrical system s components.

2. C.Ts & V.Ts: Construction,

connection, accuracy requirements and preferable ratings of single & three-phase type.

3. Introduction to protective relays:

Brief definition of protection terminology (sensitivity, selectivity, speed, reliability, dependability and coordination), Construction, application, setting and associated IEEE function numbers of O/L relay, definite time and IDMT relay, over & under voltage relay, frequency relay and directional relay.

4. Generator protection: Stator ground

fault protection, taking into consideration different types of earthing (direct, low resistance and distribution transformer earthing), Rotor earth fault protection, Stator phase fault protection, Back-up protection (voltage restrained & voltage controlled O/C relays), Reverse power protection, Over/Under frequency protection.

5. Transformer protection: Overload,

over-current, ground fault and Bucholz relay protection for transformers less than 5 MVA, Differential protection and associated problems for transformers greater than 5 MVA, Fault monitoring (temperature monitoring, pressure relief valves, oil level monitor, Silica gel dehydrating breather).

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Describe the importance of feeder

protection. Explain / analyze coordination between

adjacent relays using different grading methods.

Name different kinds of faults in electrical motors. Apply / properly set protective relays

required for specific fault condition.

6. Feeder protection: Application of instantaneous & IDMT relays, connection of relays, coordination between adjacent relays and the grading margin, Application of earth fault relays, their types, setting principles and connections.- Directional protection.

7. Motor protection: Thermal O/L

protection, locked rotor protection, phase unbalance & single phasing protection, earth fault protection and under current protection, S.C protection for both contactor controlled and C.B controlled motor.

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The student should be able to :

Construct the wiring diagram required for

testing C.T s primary & secondary current. Calculate, from the results, transformer

s accuracy.

Construct the wiring diagram required for testing V.T s primary & secondary voltage. Calculate, from the experimental results,

transformer s accuracy.

Construct the wiring diagram required for testing the pick-up/dropout current and time of operation of definite time & IDMT relay. Formulate, from the experimental results,

the tripping characteristics of IDMT relay for different time dial settings.

Construct the wiring diagram required for testing the pick-up/dropout voltage and time of operation of over/under voltage relay. Analyze experimental results and

compare them to relay s data sheet.

Construct the wiring diagram required for testing the pick-up/dropout current and time of operation of directional relay. Analyze experimental results and

compare them to relay s data sheet. Construct the wiring diagram required for

application of relays to protection of a T.L model. Test for different types of faults and fault

locations. Use a computer application software in order to calculate the pick-up current / time setting of adjacent relays in both radial & ring circuits.

Measuring primary, secondary current and accuracy of single, three-phase & summation C.T.

Measuring primary, secondary voltage and accuracy of single & three-phase V.T.

Measuring pick-up, dropout current, time of operation and I/t characteristics of definite time and inverse time relay (IDMT).

Measuring pick-up, dropout voltage and time of operation for over/under voltage relay.

Measuring pick-up, dropout current and time of operation for directional power relay.

Application of definite time and IDMT O/C relays to a T.L model under different fault configurations.

Protection coordination using computer application software. Recommended software is EDSA software.

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Electrical Power / Machines MajorElectrical Technology Department

ELE 331 Code Control Technologies and Automation Course Title

Prerequisite 65 4 3 2 1 Semester

3 Credit hr/w

2 L 2 W 1 T

Contacthr/w

30 L 30 W 15 T

Contact hr/sem.

Course Description : The course covers the terminology, concepts, principles,

procedures and computations used to analyze, select, specify, design and maintain control systems. Emphasis is on the application of well-established methods with the aid of examples and computer programs. Further, students will also learn about building automation technologies and its applications.

General Goal : The goal of this course is to provide the student with the basic knowledge of control systems technology,

so that he is able to understand how to analyze and design industrial control systems. In addition, students are also provided with the knowledge necessary for implementing building automation technologies.


Behavioral Objectives : At the end of this course, the student should be able to:

Define a control system (openloop and closedloop), sketch a block diagram, and perform simple block diagram simplifications

Describe process control, process controller, and servomechanism Describe the physical elements of each part of the control system, and explain the role of each

element in the system

Define the steadystate gain, settling time, maximum overshoot, and damping ratio Generate the above characteristics and system time responses using SIMULINK. Define desired controller characteristics. Explain the role of each element of P, PI and PID controllers in a closedloop setting. Design P, PI, and PID controllers using the Ultimate Cycle method. Explain the historical and technical background about the development of Building Automation

Systems (BAS).

Identify and draw relevant diagrams and circuits using recognized standards. Name recognized terms and specifications of BAS for different applications. State the general functions of controller and modules in BAS. Define the importance of special programming and application software for BAS. Specifies the construction of digital telegrams and bus transmission techniques. List Hard and Software components of the European Installation Bus System (EIB). Explain their function and plan complete circuits. Explain the use of Direct Digital Control (DDC) used for complex BAS. Identify different system components like controller, modules, sensors and actuators. Program controller (Free programmable) with a specialized programming software. Write small application plot programs for monitoring of devices. Operate different facility management programs for energy control, efficiency, coast,

maintenance etc. L = Lecture Hours, W = Workshop/Laboratory Hours, T = Tutorial Hours


Topics (Theory & Practice) This course covers basic concepts and terminologies Types of industrial control. Industrial control systems, control system analysis. Control system design. Building automation systems Introduction to equipment and devices (lab) Analysis of industrial system responses (lab) Closed-loop control of industrial systems (lab) Computer simulation and building automation systems (lab).

Automatic Control Systems Publisher: Prentice-Hall

Author: Benjamin Kuo

Textbook:

Introduction to Control System Technology Author: Robert Bateson Publisher: Prentice-Hall, 1996

Additional Reading:

Handbook of Automatic Control and instrumentation Publisher: McGraw-Hill Author: Richard dorf

Automatic Control Systems Publisher: Prentice-Hall Author: Benjamin Kuo

References:



After completing this chapter, the

student will be able to do the following: Define a control system (openloop and

closedloop) Sketch a block diagram and perform

simple block diagram simplifications Define a criteria for a good control

system

This chapter will enable the student to describe/explain: Analog and digital signals Process control and process controller Servomechanism The difference between the three

control systems

After completing this chapter, the student will be able to describe/explain: The physical elements of each part of

the control system The role of each element in the system

This chapter will enable the student to define the following as they relate to a given system. Steadystate gain Settling time Maximum overshoot Damping ratio Further, students will be able to

I. Basic Concepts and Terminologies: Importance of control systems

(motivational example: e.g. simple level control system, DC motor, etc.) Block diagram concepts (I/O relation

using industrial example e.g. DC motor) Open-loop control: Concepts,

advantages and disadvantages Closed-loop systems: Concepts,

advantages and disadvantages Objectives of control systems:

Stability, regulation, and transient response. Brief introduction to block diagram

simplification: simple cascade and negative feedback block diagrams. II. Types of Industrial Control: Definition of Analog and digital

control. Definition of process control Servomechanism

III. Industrial Control Systems: Common components of industrial

systems: Final control elements. Control valves Electric motors Servo valves Sensors and transducers Controller Measurements in control technology: The Op-Amp as a signal conditioning. Measurements of the following will be

introduced: position, displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, temperature, flow rate, pressure and level. IV. Control System Analysis: Introduction to Laplace Transformation

using tables System transfer function (first and

second order systems). Time-domain analysis by step response

of industrial open-loop systems. Time-domain characteristics.

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generate the above characteristics and system time responses using SIMULINK.

After completing this chapter the student will be able to: Define desired controller

characteristics. Explain the role of each element of P,

PI and PID controllers in a closedloop setting. Design P, PI, and PID controllers using

the Ultimate Cycle method. Design P, PI, and PID controllers using

the Ultimate Cycle method. Explain the historical and technical

background about the development of Building Automation Systems (BAS). Identify and draw relevant diagrams

and circuits using recognized standards. Name recognized terms and

specifications of BAS for different applications. State the general functions of

controller and modules in BAS. Define the importance of special

programming and application software for BAS. Specifies the construction of digital

telegrams and bus transmission techniques. List Hard and Software components of

the European Installation Bus System (EIB). Explain their function and plan

complete circuits. Program and commission circuits with

EIB busdevices by using the EIB Tool Software (ETS). Design more complex Home

Electronic Systems (HES) for house appliances in residential buildings. Explain the use of Direct Digital

Control (DDC) used for complex BAS. Identify different system components

like controller, modules, sensors and actuators. Discriminate between: Static controller

for parameter setting and free programmable controller. Program controller (Free

programmable) with a specialized

Lag, settling time, damping, etc Use of SIMULINK to illustrate the

concepts introduced above. V. Control System Design: Define the closed-loop desired

characteristics of the controlled system. Explain the role of each element of P,

PI and PID controllers in a closed-loop setting. The Ultimate Cycle method of P, PI,

PID control design. The Process Reaction method for P,

PI, PID control design. Use of SIMULINK to illustrate the

concepts introduced above. VI. Building Automation Systems: -Historical development of BAS. Standardized terms, abbreviations,

specifications and symbols of bus operated building control and automation technologies. General functions of digital control and

automation systems: Switching, positioning, measuring, counting and reporting. control and regulator functions. Different philosophies of general

structure: Centralized and decentralized systems. Hardware components (Bus devices) of

the European installation Bus System. EIB Topology, structure of the

network. Transmission technique, bus access

and telegram structure. Programming with the EIB Tool

Software (ETS). Interfaces to other automation systems

and to telecommunication networks. EIB Bus protection. Description of applications. Programming, commissioning,

operation and maintenance. General Structure of Home Electronic

Systems (HES) in residential buildings. Appliances for HES Systems. Home assistance application software.

6

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programming software. Write small application plot programs

for monitoring of devices. Operate different facility management

programs for energy control, efficiency, coast, maintenance etc. Summarize the advantages of a BAS

for large buildings or areas like Hotels, Hospitas, Shopping centers, Airports etc.. Recognize future development towards

compatible software protocol systems

General structure of Building Automation Systems using DDC technology. Controller and modules for DDC

systems. Sensors and actuators for DDC

systems. Control of Standalone plants with Field

Processor Units (FPU) and DDC Modules using different types of controller. Programming free programmable

systems with Control Orientated Language for Building Automation Systems (COLBAS). Control of several FPUs by Central

Processor unit (CPU) and application software for building management using different types of controller. Integrating several FPUs of different

manufacturers by means of gateways and common protocol languages like: BACnet, LON, LAN, ASI etc. Advantages and disadvantages of such

integrated networks



I. The student is able to distinguish and describe the use of lab equipment and devices. II. The student is able to to determine static and dynamic characteristics of an industrial system (thermal, DC-motors, flow) and analyze the system by means of time responses. III. The student is able to design and implement P, PI and PID controllers on the given industrial systems. In addition the student will be able to choose the control type for the given industrial system using the system characteristics determined in II.

I. Introduction to equipment and devices: Students are provided with an introduction to the various types of equipment and devices that will be utilized during the course. II. Analysis of Industrial system responses: In the next three weeks students will perform the following practical exercises:

Analysis of thermal system response. Defining the step response of an open-loop thermal system in order to determine its static and dynamic characteristics. Students should be introduced to following system characteristics: lag time, settling time, and temperature-voltage (T/V) correspondence.

Analysis of a DC motor system response. Defining the open-loop step response of a DC motor with the aid of a tachometer. Defining the DC motor static and dynamic characteristics. Students should be introduced to following system characteristics: settling time, maximum overshoot, and speed-voltage (N/V) correspondence.

Analysis of a flow system response. Defining the open-loop step response of the flow system. Determining its static and dynamic characteristics. Students should be introduced to following system characteristics: settling time and height-voltage (h/V) correspondence. III. Closed-loop control of Industrial systems: In the next three weeks students will perform the following practical exercises:

Closed-loop control of a thermal system. With the use of P-type control, the

influence of Kp on the static error and settling time should be illustrated. By using a P.I. control, the concept of

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IV. The student will be able to use mathematical models of given industrial systems and design corresponding controllers using SIMULINK. Further, the student is able to explain the source of differences in practical and simulation results (exercises in II-IV).

static zero-error should be introduced.

Closed-loop control of a DC motor

system. Closed-loop speed control of a DC motor is achieved using the following: With the use of P-type control, the


static zero-error should be introduced. P.I.D. control, where the influence of the D-type element should be noticed. Closed-loop control of a flow system.

Closed-loop level control of a flow system is achieved using the following: With the use of P-type control, the


static zero-error should be introduced. IV. Computer simulation: In the next three weeks, computer simulation of the following should be performed. 1) Thermal system control Open-loop thermal system. Closed-loop control of a thermal

system with the same parameters as in II. Comparison with practical results from

II and III.

DC-motor system Open-loop DC-motor system Closed-loop speed control with the

same parameters as in II. Comparison with practical results from

II and III.

Flow system Open-loop flow system Closed-loop control of a flow system

with the same parameters as in II. Comparison with practical results from II and III.

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Apply visualization software for complex systems Connect different DDC devices on a training unit to wire a complete circuit. Identify different controller characteristics by observing the function of the controlled actuator. Evaluate control circuit performance by running special plot programs. Compare between static controller and free programmable controller. Write small task programs with the Control oriented Language for Building Automation (COLBAS). Analyze system functions by measuring the controller output signals. Predict further development in the field of bus operated control and automation systems. Monitor and operate a complex Building Automation System (Training unit). Explain how to control several buildings within a country from one remote location.

V Building Automation Systems (BAS): Setting up a complete control circuit with European Installation Bus (EIB) devices like: Power supply unit, choke, interface, several bus couplers with bus devices. Programming all devices with the EIB Tool Software (ETS). Commissioning and testing the EIB circuits. Changing the function of some bus-devices, (From switching to dimming). Overvoltage and surge protection of EIB bus-lines. Programming logical functions with logic modules. Integrating binary and analogue in and outputs to the EIB System. Application of visualization software for complex EIB systems. Setting up small control circuits with DDC components like: DDC FPU, modules, sensors and actuators. Commissioning and testing DDC circuits by observation of controlled devices (Motor valves etc.) Measuring controller output signals (0-10V) according to the choosen characteristic (P-I-D, PID). Writing and running time-plots to monitor devices (Temperatue signal output valve position). Running special tasks for peak control, duty cycle program, optimum start-stop program etc. Writing specialized programs using the Control oriented language for Building Automation (COLBAS). Connecting several Field Processor Units to one Central Processor Unit. Connecting several Buildings in different towns via telephone modem to a national control center. Visits to Buildings with BAS in the vicinity of the College. The student will be able to: Connect EIB bus and power lines on a training unit to wire a complete control circuit. Configurate different bus devices with their physical address, using the ETS software. Test the circuits using ETS test-routines. Change function of bus devices by re-configuration. Choose protection devices for bus lines from overvoltage spikes. Program logic functions with logic modules. Integrate binary and analogue external devices to digital systems.

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Electrical Power / Machines MajorElectrical Technology Department ELE 241 Code Electrical Distribution Systems Course Title

Electric Circuits Prerequisite 65 4 3 2 1 Semester

3 Credit hr/w

2 L 2 W 1 T

Contacthr/w

30 L 30 W 15 T

Contact hr/sem.

Course Description : The course introduces the student to terms, standards,

regulations, systems, technologies and devices used for planning, commissioning and maintaining LV installations and distribution systems from electric utility consumer unit to branch circuits and outlet points in different operating places

General Goal : After finishing the course the student will be able to plan and supervise electrical installation from feeding

point to outlet point in residential, commercial and industrial buildings and premises. He will develop adequate theoretical knowledge of relevant standards, regulations and methods of electrical installations using the correct materials and devices for any operating place.To achieve these goals the student should know how to deal with conventional and computer aided tools like books, tables and computer application software (CAS).

Behavioral Objectives : Upon course completion the student will be able to perform the following tasks:

. Define terms related to electrical installations in residential, commercial and industrial premises. 2. Apply relevant national and international rules, standards and regulations to LV distribution systems.

. Describe the function of different types of protective and swichting devices for LV distribution systems. 4. Compare different earthing systems in LV installations and apply the correct protective measures. 5. Calculate relevant units and factors for the installation of LV distribution systems.

6. Design, calculate and draw wiring diagrams for distribution systems in larger premises and in different operating areas (hand calculations and through using CAS).

7. Design, calculate and draw branch circuits for light and power outlets in residential, commercial and industrial premises and different operating areas (hand calculations and through using CAS).

8. Explain and calculate relevant factors for illumination. 9. Distinguish between different types of lighting fixtures and their application. 0. Design illumination systems, using CAS.



Topics (Theory & Practice) Theoretical Topics: Introduction to the regulation and standards. Introduction to L. V. Consumer feeding meteringand distribution systems and devices. Introduction to earthing and protective measures in L.V installations Designing of L. V. distribution systems Introduction to illumination

Practical Topics: General rules of safety maintenance & repair Demonstration of different types of LV wires and cables Demonstration of electric utility consumer feeding unit single and three-phase metering distribution

system and devices Measuring of earth resistance loop resistance installation resistance and setting of RCD s and appliance

check Designing of LV distribution systems & branch circuits in different premises using CAS. Demonstration of light fixtures and their effects / Measuring and planning of lighting illumination

systems.


Electrical Installation Technology, Theory and Regulations, 3.edition M. Lewis - Stanley - Thomas ISBN 0-7487-0272-5

Textbook:

1. Siemens : Electrical Installations Handbook I, II, III ISBN 0-47- 91343-X 2. Practical Electrical Wiring 17th editon ISBN 0-07-05395-9 3. Technical Terms for Electrical Engineering GTZ Eschborn 4. Basic Wiring Techniques T. Jeff Williams Ortho Books ISBN 0-89721-000-X 5. Series: Information on lighting application 1 14 FGL Gutes Licht, 60591 Frankfurt/Germany.

Additional Reading:

Requirements for Electrical Installations BS7671:1992, IEE series, 1997, ISBN # 0-85296-927-9. 2. NEC 1996 Handbook, 7th edition, NFPA ISBN # 0-87765-405-0 3. Understanding the NEC, 2nd edition, Michael Holt, 19996 ISBN # 0-8273-6805-4 4. Safety of electrical Installations up to 1 000V Wilhelm Rudolph VDE Publishing House ISBN # 3-8007-1610-0 5. Electric utility Regulation and standards for Distribution and Grounding SDS-1 6. Potential Systems with Isolation monitoring Wolfgang Hofheinz VDE Publishing House 7. Industrial and commercial Power Systems Handbook, F.S. Prabgakaa Mc.Graw/Hill 1996 ISBN # 0-07-050624-8 8. Handbook of Electrical Installation Practice, 2nd edition E.M. Reeves Mc.Graw/Hill ISBN # 0-632-02678-2 9. Handbook of practical electrical design, 2nd edition, Josef F. Mc.Partland, McGraw-Hill, 1995, ISBN # 0-07-045820-0. 10. Industrial Maintenance Reference Guide R. Rosater & J.O. Rice Mc.Graw/Hill ISBN # 0-07-052162-X 11. Electrical Safety: a guide to the causes and prevention of electrical hazards, J. Adams ISBN # 0-85296-806-X 12.EDSA Application Software, EDSA Micro Corporation, San Diego, California. 13. Electrical Wiring Commercial, 9th edition, Ray Mullin, 1996, Delmar Publishers, ISBN # 0-8273-6655-8. 14. Electrical Wiring Industrial, 9th edition, Robert Smith, 1996, Delmar Publishers, ISBN # 0-8273-6653-1. 15. Electrical Wiring Residential, 12th edition, Ray Mullin, 1996, Delmar Publishers, ISBN # 0-8273-6841-0.

References:



The student should be able to: Discriminate between different

national and international standards and regulations required for the installation of LV networks. Compare applicable units and

symbols for electrical cirucit diagrams. Identify wires and cables using

harmonized standards. Apply relevant standards, systems

and materials recommended by the electric utility for the installation and connection of consumer feeder units. Explain the different systems and to

apply them in a correct way. Define terms of different LV

earthing systems and describe their application. Explain the different methods of

protection, for humans and animals, against electric shock. Describe the construction,

functioning, application and setting of different protective devices against shock, lightning and overvoltage. Design and calculate a complete

distribution system in residential, commercial or industrial premises. know how and when to apply the

correct devices.

1. Introduction to regulations and

standards Regulation and standards - National & international electrical standards (SASO, IEEE, IEC, BS, VDE, DIN, NEC, ISO etc.) - National and international electrical units and terminology - National and international electrical drawing symbols - Terminology of wires and cables cross-section (AWG, MCM, mm2).

2. Introduction to LV consumer feeding, metering & distribution systems and devices: Electric utility overhead and underground distribution system with mini-pillars - Electric utility current meter boxes (Consumer units) for indoor and outdoor installations - Earthing and bonding at consumer feeding point - Consumer main panels (residential, commercial and industrial) in different operating places (wet and humid, fire endangered, explosion hazards, etc.) - Construction and ratings of distribution devices (fuses disconnectors, MCBs, RCDs etc) - Consumer Sub-distribution panels and systems in commercial and industrial premises and different operating places.

3. Introduction to earthing & protective measures in LV installations: Earthing systems (TN-C, TN-S, TN-C-S, TT and IT) - Potential equalization - Protection of humans and animals against electric shock, Function of RCD s Lightning & surge protection.

4. Designing of LV Distribution systems: Sizing of branch circuit conductors, protective devices, switches, outlets, connectors etc. - Sizing of conduits, trunkings and industrial bus-bars - Sizing of feeders and subfeeders and their protective devices - Sizing of main and sub-disconnectors - Power factor

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Calculate and analyze the system with respect to power factor correction. Explain lighting terminology and

draw light intensity distribution curves of different fixtures. Calculate, number and type of

fixtures required for a certain area, manually or by using CAS. Explain luminous features and the

construction of different types of lamps. Explain the stroboscopic effect of 3-

phase illumination sets and its elimination.

correction. Introduction to illumination: Illumination characteristics of lamps (incandescent, fluorescent, L & H sodium and mercury pressure lamps, LV and ELV Halogen) - Lighting fixtures for different purposes and indoor/outdoor installations - Planing and calculation of illumination systems by using tables and software applications.

9



The student should be able to: Explain general rules for safety, repair

and maintenance of tools, equipment and electrical installations.

Design time and cost schedules for

repair and maintenance of electrical installations.

Identify and distinguish between

different wires and cables. Explain the construction of different types of wires and cables. Design a complete LV distribution line

from transformer to consumer unit, in accordance with electric utility standards.

Identify different LV distribution

systems. Carry out the necessary measuremts in

such systems. Set protective devices and check their function.

Draw wiring diagrams using CAS. Plan & design LV distribution systems and branch ciruits using CAS.

1.General rules of safety, repair and maintenance:

Theoretical introduction to general safety of tools and equipment - Introduction of special safety rules for work on electrical networks - Rules for behaviour in case of electric shock - Purpose and need of preventive maintenance in electrical installations, Developing of repair and maintenance time schedules and distributing tasks to specialized teams.

2.Demonstration of different types of LV wires and cables:

Demonstration with sample-boards of wires and cables, produced abroad and within the Kingdom, With respect to materials, construction and application.

3.Demonstration of electric utility consumer feeding units, single and three-phase metering, electric utility distribution systems and devices:

Demonstration of pre-wired electric utility consumer units with one or two meters, single or three phase, Demonstration of pre-wired electric utility mini- pillars, Demonstration of electric utility LV underground and overhead distribution.

4.Measuring of earth resistance, loop resistance, insulation resistance, setting of RCD s and appliance check:

Measuring of earth/ground resistance (Step voltage, Voltage drop), Measuring of dielectric resistance (insulation), Measuring of loop resistance. Setting and testing an isolation monitoring circuit. Setting and testing protecive devices, Safety and function test of repaired appliances.

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Describe related terms and use these

terms to calculate the correct number and type of light fixtures for different purposes. Explain the construction and

functioning of different lamps and fixtures. Calculate illumination systems using CAS.

5.Designing of LV distribution systems and branch circuits in different premises using CAS:

Designing of distribution systems in residential, commercial and industrial premises, Designing of L.V. branch circuits in residential, commercial and industrial premises - Designing of L.V. distribution boards and cabinets, Cost calculation of installations for tendering.

Demonstration of high fixtures and their effects on measuring and planning of lighting illumination systems:

Measuring of relevant lighting parameters (velocity, luminous flux, luminous efficiency, luminous density) using different types of lamps and fixtures- Drawing light intensity distribution curves, Comparing the effects of different light sources: Incandescent lamps, Fluorescent lamps, Gas discharge lamps, Halogen lamps by use of demonstration boards and samples, Designing of illumination systems, Demonstrating the stroboscopic effect in AC circuits and its prevention.

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Electrical Power / Machines MajorElectrical Technology Department ELE 251 Code DC Machines and Transformers Course Title

Electric Circuits Prerequisite 65 4 3 2 1 Semester

3 Credit hr/w

2 L 2 W 1 T

Contacthr/w

30 L 30 W 15 T

Contact hr/sem.

Course Description : The course covers constructional features, principles of

operation, classification, equivalent circuits, parameters evaluation, characteristics, testing and applications of DC machines and transformers.

General Goal : This course aims to give students basic knowledge of theory, performance analysis and applications of DC

machines and transformers.

Behavioral Objectives : This course will enable the student to analyze the overall performance of a system of which the DC

machine or transformer happens to be an integral part. It also gives the student a deep understanding of various aspects of machine behavior for general

industrial applications. A graduated student should have the ability to install, operate and maintain electric equipment and

machines.



Topics (Theory & Practice) Electromagnetism (Magnetic Circuits) DC Machines (Generators and Motors) Transformers (Single-Phase and Three-Phase Transformers) Laboratory Experiments.

Mulukutla S. Sarma, Electric Machines, (Steady-state Theory and Dynamic Peformance), West Publishing Company, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York, Second Edition, 1994.

B.S.Guru and H. R. Hiziroglu, Electric Machinery and Transformers, Harcourt brace and company, New York, Second Edition, 1988.

Textbook:

A.S. Langsdorf, Principles of Direct- Current Machines, New York: Mc Graw-Hill, 1959.

J. Hindmarsh, Electrical Machines and Their Applications, 2d ed., New York, Pergamon, 1970

Additional Reading:

A.E. Fitzgerald, C. Kingsley and A. Kusko, Electrical Machinery, 3d ed., New York, Mc Graw-Hill , 1971.

S.A. Nasar and E. Umnewehr, Electromechanics and Electric Machines, New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1979.

References:



The Student describes the relationship between electric

current and magnetic flux knows the principles of electromagnetism

and their terminology describes simple magnetic circuits and

calculates magnetic quantities

describes the construction and operating principles of a DC machine

distinguishes DC- generators from their type of excitation

explains the armature reaction and its compensation

explains the working principles of DC-motors

deduces the equation of the developed torque

distinguishes the different types of DC-motors and draws their schematic diagrams

describes the methods of reversing and speed regulation

knows starting methods of dc-motors calculates the efficiency of DC-machines

describes the construction and working

principles of a single-phase transformer explains the properties of an ideal

transformer, draws the equivalent circuit and deduces the equation for transformation ratio of voltage, winding, current and impedance transfer by applying induction law

describes the open-circuit and short-circuit tests for parameter evaluation

describes the load terminal voltage by using the phasor diagram applying different loads

draws the phasor diagram, determines the iron and copper losses and calculates the efficiency

describes the requirements for parallel operation of transformers

compares a transformer with an autotransformer and names advantages and disadvantages for applications

1 Electromagnetism:

Review of Magnetic Circuits: Concept of a Magnetic Circuit, Reluctance, MMF, Analogy Between Electric and Magnetic Circuits.

2 DC Machines :

Constructional Features and Operating Principles of DC Machines.

- Armature Windings and the Induced EMF Equation.

- Methods of Excitation: Separately Excited, Shunt, Series, Compound: Long and Short, Cumulative and Differential.

- Mode of Operation: DC Generators, Voltage Build Up, Critical Field Resistance,

Voltage Regulation, Armature Reaction, Commutation, Inter-poles, MMF, and Flux

Components.

DC Motors: Torque Equations, Torque/ Speed with Different Methods of Excitation,

Speed Regulation, Starting and Speed Control.

Losses in DC Machines and Efficiency.

3 Transformers :

Constructional Features of transformers, Configurations, Types, and Theory of Operation.

Voltage and Current Transformation Ratios, Equivalent Circuits, and Phasor Diagrams.

Transformer Tests: No-Load and Short-Circuit Tests.

Performance: Load Characteristics, Voltage Regulation, Losses and Maximum Efficiency Criterion.

Three-Phase Transformer Connections. Parallel Operation of Transformers. Auto-Transformers

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Electrical Power / Machines MajorElectrical Technology Department ELE 252 Code Alternating Current Machines Course Title

DC Machines and Transformers Prerequisite 65 4 3 2 1 Semester

3 Credit hr/w 2 L 2 W 1 T

Contacthr/w

30 L 30 W 15 T

Contact hr/sem.

Course Description : The course covers constructional features, principles of

operation, classification, equivalent circuits, determination of the parameters, characteristics, testing, and applications of induction and synchronous machines.

General Goal : This course aims to give the students basic knowledge of operating principles, performance analysis, and

applications of induction and synchronous machines.

Behavioral Objectives : - This course is carefully designed to give students in Electrical Technology a deep understanding

various aspects of AC machine performance that are necessary for industrial applications. - Graduated students should have the ability to install, operate, measure, maintain and control the

AC machines.



Topics (Theory & Practice) Induction Machines: Polyphase and Single-Phase Induction Motors. Synchronous Machines: Generators and Motors Laboratory Experiments.

M. S. Sarma, Electric Machines: Steady-state Theory and Dynamic Performance, West Publishing Company , Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York, Second Edition, 1994.

B.S.Guru and H.R. Hiziroglu, Electric Machinery and Transformers, Harcourt brace and company. New York, Second Edition, 1988.

Textbook:

1. P.L. Alger, Induction Machines-Their Behaviour and Uses, 2d ed., New

York, Gordon and Breadch, 1970 2. M.G. Say, Alternating Current Machines, New York, John Wiley &

Sons, Halsted Press, 1976.

Additional Reading:

1. P.L. Alger, Induction Machines Their Behaviour and Uses, 2d ed., New York, Gordon and Breadch, 1970

2. M.G. Say, Alternating Current Machines, New York, John Wiley & Sons, Halsted Press, 1976.

3. J. Hindmarsh, Electrical Machines and Their Applications, 2d ed., New York, Pergamon, 1970

References:



The student

describes the construction and the working principles of a three-phase induction motor

explains the behavior of a three-phase induction motor with their characteristic curves

describes the control of three-phase induction motors (direction of rotation, speed control)

describes the different kinds of starting of three-phase induction motors

describes the construction and the working principles of a single-phase induction motor describes the different kinds of starting and operation of single-phase asynchronous motors

Induction Machines : - Constructional Features and Operating

Principles of Polyphase Induction Machines, Rotor Configurations and Theory of Operation.

- Equivalent Circuit of Polyphase Induction Machine and Phasor Diagrams.

- Equivalent Circuit from Test Data. - Polyphase Induction Motor

Performance: Power Equations, Power Flow Diagram, Torque/ Speed Characteristics, Efficiency.

- Speed Control of Polyphase Induction Motors:

- Pole-Changing Method, Variable-Frequency Method, Variable Line-Voltage Method, Variable Rotor-Resistance Method, Rotor-Slip Energy Recovery Method.

- Starting Methods for Polyphase Induction Motors:

- Star-Delta Starter, Auto-transformer Starter, Reactor Starter, Rotor Resistance Starter, Part Winding Starting.

- Constructional Features and Theory of Operation of Single-Phase Induction Motors.

Equivalent Circuit of a Single-Phase Induction Motor Based on the Revolving-Field Theory.

- Starting Methods for Single-Phase Induction Motors:

- Split-Phase Motors, Capacitor-Run Motors, Capacitor-Start Motors, Capacitor-Start and Capacitor-Run Motors, Shaded-Pole Motors.

- Applications for Induction Motors.

30


describes the construction and working principles of synchronous machine

distinguishes between salient pole and non-salient pole machines

draws the equivalent circuit of the generator and develops from it the phasor diagrams

Synchronous Machines :

- Constructional Features of Synchronous Machines.

- Armature Winding, and EMF Equation.

- Equivalent Circuit of a Synchronous Machine.

- Power-Angle and Performance Characteristics of Synchronous Generators.

- No-Load and Short-Circuit Tests of a Synchronous Generator.

- Voltage Regulation: Synchronous Impedance Method and Simple-Ampere Turn Method.

- Synchronization Process, Parallel Operation and Load Sharing of Synchronous Generators.

- Synchronous Motors: Starting Methods, V-Curves, Synchronous Capacitor, Power Factor Correction.

- Applications for Synchronous Motors.

15



The student

builds up the measuring circuits for single and three-phase asynchronous motors, takes data from the rating plate, measures the characteristic values and discusses the results

builds up the measuring circuits for synchronous generators, takes data from the rating plate, measures the characteristic values and discusses the results

Part-I Induction Motors:

No-Load and blocked rotor tests.

- Determination of motor parameters.

Load characteristics. Different methods of starting. Different methods of speed

control. Starting methods of single-

phase induction motors. Feeding a three-phase

induction motor from a single phase supply using capacitors

Part- II Synchronous Generators:

No-Load and blocked rotor tests.

Equivalent circuit constants. Determination of voltage

regulation: synchronous Impedance and Ampere-turn method.

Load characteristics. Parallel operation and

synchronization process. V-curves of a synchronous

motor.

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The Student

builds up the measuring circuits for different kinds of DC-machines

puts these circuits into operation, measures their characteristic values and discusses the results

Carry out the open circuit and short circuit tests for parameters evaluation of transformers

Measures the load characteristic for both transformers

Knows the different connections for three phase transformers

No-Load Characteristics of DC

Generators. Load Characteristics as a Generator and as

a Motor. Compound DC motor Retardation or Back-to-Back Test. Transformers magnetizing curve No-Load and Short-Circuit Tests of

Transformers. Load Characteristics of Single-Phase and

Three-Phase Transformers. Different connections of three phase

transformers

4 6

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Electrical Power / Machines MajorElectrical Technology Department ELE 231 Code Industrial Process Control Course Title

None Prerequisite 65 4 3 2 1 Semester

3 Credit hr/w

2 L 2 W T

Contacthr/w

30 L 30 W T

Contact hr/sem.

Course Description : This course gives an introduction to the handling,

functioning and applications of programming logic controllers (PLCs). Program writing and editing techniques are covered in detail and applications to real-time processes are also included.

General Goal : This course will enable the student to set up and operate a complete PLC based control system.

Behavioral Objectives : The student must know: The principle of operation of PLC. How to program both basic and advanced functions of a PLC. How to write a complete program, test it and put a simulator or a real process into operation. How to translate a complete control scheme to a simple PLC program. Program using advanced program techniques.



Topics (Theory & Practice) Number systems, logic gates and boolean algebra. Programmable Logic Controller (Principle of function, module description and electrical specification). Programming languages (STL, LAD, CSF) & applications. Basic functions (Timers, Counters, flip flops, shift registers, comparators) & applications. Advanced programming techniques & applications. Introduction to electro-pneumatic.

J. C. Jewery and W. keith, The PLC Workbook: Programmable Logic Controller MadeEasy 1993. J. W. Wabb and R.A. Reis, Programmable Logic Controllers : Principles & Applications, 1994.

Textbook:

1. P.Renner, Automation with Programmable Logic Controllers, University of New South Wales, UK 1994.

Additional Reading:

1. C. Simpson, Programmable Logic Controllers, 1993. 2. A. Crispin, Programmable Logic Controller & Their Engineering

Applications, 1990. References:



The student will be able to:

1. Transform numbers from Decimal system to binary, hexadecimal, octal and BCD systems and vice versa Add numbers in these systems Find out truth table of logic gates Simplify logic equations

Explain the principle of operation of PLC and the role of each module

Know the connection and the electrical specifications of the PLC

Write a statement list Create a ladder diagram Draw Control System Flowchart

Apply with practical examples the use of advanced features such as timers, counters, flip-flops, numbers processing, comparison, jump functions and code field (electric motor control, fans, lighting)

Know the structure and the elements of a linear step chain

Develop the step chain for the process Transform a step chain diagram to an

instruction list Test the proper functioning of the program Compile a complete standardized

documentation including technological scheme with explanation step chain diagram, statement list and ladder diagram

Know the principle of pneumatics Interpret the symbolic representation know the basics of the distance time

diagram

Number Systems, logic gates and boolean algebra Programmable logic Controller

Principle of function Module description Connections Electrical specifications

Programming languages

Statement list STL Ladder diagram LAD Control System Flowchart CSF

Basic programming functions

Timers Flip Flops Counters Shift registers Comparison Operations Arithmetic Operations Jump functions Code field

Advanced programming techniques

Step chain diagrams from the technological scheme

Instruction list for a step chain diagram Analysis of the process control Documentation and debugging techniques Practical examples

Introduction to electro-pneumatics

pneumatic output devices electro-pneumatic control

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The student should be able to : Operate the PLC system. And write programs. The student should be able to : Apply the advanced features of the PLC system in various industrial applications such as: speed control, starting and reversing direction of electric motors, control of traffic lights and elevators. The student should be able to : Understand the principle of electro-pneumatics and writes PLC program to test the different electro-pneumatic output devices. The student can also test a faulty process systematically for pneumatic errors, and eliminates the malfunctions.

PLC Universal Applications Simulator: This universal PLC application simulator has been specially developed for basic training on PLC. Traffic Light Module: Model of a traffic system at a main road junction with side road and pedestrian crossing. Stepper Motor Module: Stepper motor with coupled incremental disc. Washing Machine: Module for simulating the control and monitoring of a domestic washing machine. Star/Delta and Contactor Reversing Circuits: Representative of a star / delta rotation reversing circuit. Complete, ready-wired relay with all the necessary lead contactors for connecting a 3-phase induction motor with squired cage rotor. Temperature Control Line Module: Simulation of a temperature controlled oven (resistor with heat sink). Dahlander Circuit: Complete, ready-wired for connecting a three-phase induction motor with a Dahlander winding. Slip Ring Motor Control: Complete ready-wired power relay with all the necessary load contactors for connecting a three-phase induction motor with a 3-stage starter resistance. Motor Control for 3 Speeds: Complete, ready-wired power relay with all the necessary lead contactors and an integrated for 3 speeds: 2 separate windings, one of which is a switchable Dahlander winding. Elevator Model (Lift) 3 Floors:Real model of an elevator with cabin for 3 floors. Solenoid Valve Unit:Solenoid valve unit for driving pneumatic simulation models, by PLC systems. Practice-oriented application model for simulating a complete electro-pneumatic industrial process.

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Electrical Power / Machines MajorElectrical Technology Department ELE 221 Code Power Electronics Course Title

AC Machines Prerequisite 65 4 3 2 1 Semester

3 Credit hr/w

2 L 2 W 1 T