elemental impurities - introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential...

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Elemental Impurities - Introduction www. ld-consulting.webnode.cz 24.9. 2019 Lukáš Dvořák

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Page 1: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the

Elemental Impurities -Introduction

www.ld-consulting.webnode.cz

24.9. 2019

Lukáš Dvořák

Page 2: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the

Proč vznikla iniciativa na zavedení nového legislativního požadavku?

• Selektivita doposud používaných metod

• Bezpečnost a zdraví

• Nástup nových robustních analytických technik

Page 3: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the

Selektivita

• Na následujícím obrázku je vidět, jak „kádinková“ reakce na sulfidy není selektivní

• Navíc, původní analýza na obsah těžkých kovů byla pouze limitním testem, při kterém se porovnávalo zabarvení vzniklého roztoku sulfidů se standardem, sulfidem olovnatým

• Jeden z nejtoxičtějších prvků, kadmium, tvoří žlutý sulfid kademnatý, který se rovněž porovnával na tmavě zbarvený sulfid olovnatý

Page 4: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the

Colour of Sulfites

Page 5: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the

• Over 100 years old (circa 1905)• Semi-quantitative method based on color reaction• Very low sensitivity• Non-specific for individual metals• Some metals cannot be tested (Pd, Pt, Ni, V)• Not accurate for volatile elements (Hg, Sb, Se, Pb)

“Although still widely accepted and used in the pharmaceutical industry, these methods based on the intensity of the color of sulfide precipitation are non-specific, insensitive, time-consuming, labor intensive, and more often than hoped, yield low recoveries or no recoveries at all.”Ref.: Wang, T. et al, J. Pharm. & Biomed. Anal., Vol. 23 (2000) 867-890)

ODEZVA A VÝTĚŽNOST KOVŮ POUŽITÍM STARÉ USP METODY A ICP-MS

Page 6: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the

Schott hot plate and beaker explosion -photodocumentation

Calcium Stearate NF:<231>

Page 7: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the
Page 8: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the
Page 9: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the

EP 9

• 754 monographs (43%) to be updated –chapter <2.4.8> wasremoved

Page 10: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the
Page 11: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the

ICH Elemental impurities clasification

Class 1: The elements, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb, arehuman toxicants that have limited or no use in themanufacture of pharmaceuticals. Their presencein drug products typically comes from commonlyused materials (e.g., mined excipients). Because oftheir unique nature, these four elements requireevaluation during the risk assessment, across allpotential sources of elemental impurities androutes of administration. The outcome of the riskassessment will determine those components thatmay require additional controls which may insome cases include testing for Class 1 elements. Itis not expected that all components will requiretesting for Class 1 elemental impurities; testingshould only be applied when the risk assessmentidentifies it as the appropriate control to ensurethat the PDE will be met

Class 2: Elements in this class are generallyconsidered as route-dependent human toxicants.Class 2 elements are further divided in sub-classes2A and 2B based on their relative likelihood ofoccurrence in the drug product.Class 2A elements have relatively high probabilityof occurrence in the drug product and thusrequire risk assessment across all potentialsources of elemental impurities and routes ofadministration (as indicated). The class 2Aelements are: Co, Ni and V.Class 2B elements have a reduced probability ofoccurrence in the drug product related to theirlow abundance and low potential to be co-isolatedwith other materials. As a result, they may beexcluded from the risk assessment unless they areintentionally added during the manufacture ofdrug substances, excipients or other componentsof the drug product. The elemental impurities inclass 2B include: Ag, Au, Ir, Os, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru, Seand Tl

Klasifikace prvků (elementálů)

Page 12: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the
Page 13: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the
Page 14: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the

Co musí držitel registrace u svých přípravků vyhodnotit, aby dodržel

předpis ICH Q3D?

• Zjistit potenciální zdroje elemental impurities –Ishikawa

• Potvrdit nebo vyvrátit potenciální zdroje kontaminace

• Vypočítat PDE pro API/FP, případně na základě předchozích analýz justifikovat, že elementály nejsou přítomny

• Porovnat PDE limit s limitem uvedeným v ICH Q3D – záleží na způsobu podání a maximální denní dávce

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Page 16: Elemental Impurities - Introduction · evaluation during the risk assessment, across all potential sources of elemental impurities and routes of administration. The outcome of the

EI estimated atthe end of the RA

Actions Control

EI not present Document No further action required

EI < 30% PDE Not additional action tobe implemented

Adequate existing controls

30% PDE < EI < PDE Define additional controlsto control those that donot exceed the PDE level

❑Specification on the medicinal productor components (API and excipients)❑Modification of the manufacturingprocess that provides decrease in EI❑Selection of the most appropiatepackaging materials

EI > PDE Define additional reductioncontrols or Evaluate thepatient´s safety andestablish a rationale tojustify higher EI content

❑In some cases it could be acceptable❑Justify before health authorities