Elpidio Quirino Y

Rivera(NOVEMBER 16, 1890- FEBRUARY 29, 1956)

General Information 6th President of the Philippines 2nd President of the Third Philippine Republic Born: Nov. 16, 1890 (Vigan, Ilocos Sur) Died: Feb 29, 1956 (Novaliches, Q.C.) Parents: Don Mariano Quirino and Dona Gregoria

Mendoza Rivera Quirino Alma Matter:

University of the Philippines, Bachelor of Laws (1915)

Occupation: Lawyer

Dean, College of Law, Adamson University

ELPIDIO QUIRINO’S FAMILY

Profile

1911- Manila High School

Passed the first grade civil service examination.

1915- University of the Philippines

He worked as Junior Clerk in the Bureau of Lands; as property clerk in Manila Police Department, as law clerk in the Philippine Commission.

1917-1918- Private Secretary to Manuel L. Quezon

POLITICAL BACKGROUND Ilocos Sur Representative 1919-1925 Senator, 1st Senatorial District Elected to the Philippine Senate from 7th-10th

Legislature 1925- 1935 In 1934, he helped secure the Tydings-McDuffie Act One of the drafters of the 1935 Philippine constitution Delegate in Constitutional Convention 1934-1935 Secretary of Finance (Gov. Murphy and Quezon) Secretary of Interior (Quezon Administration) Senator 1941

POLITICAL BACKGROUND

In April 1942, the Philippines were captured by Japanese imperial forces. Elpidio Quirino refused to join the Japanese-sponsored “puppet government” of Jose Laurel.

POLITICAL BACKGROUND Leader of the majority Liberal Party and Senate

President pro Tempore (1945-1946) Vice-President and concurrent Secretary of

Finance (1946) Secretary of Foreign Affairs (Roxas) Vice President of Manuel Roxas (April1946) President (April 17,1948)

POLITICAL BACKGROUND

Sworn into office at Council of State Room, Executive Building, Malacanang Palace on April 17, 1948; and Independence Grandstand on December 30, 1949

In 1949, he was elected a President for a four-year term as candidate of the Liberal Party.

QUIRINO’SOBJECTIVES

Reconstruction of the country

Rehabilitation of the Philippine economy

1.

3. Restoration of the faith and confidence of the people in the government

2.

His Actions• His first official act was the signing of a proclamation

declaring a state mourning throughout the country.

• As a statement, Quirino proved to be satisfactory in foreign relations for he was able to impress foreign dignitaries and heads of state visiting the country at that time. He served as an ambassador of goodwill and friendship in his visits abroad.

• The RP-US Mutual Defense Treaty was approved on August 30, 1951

However, Quirino soon faced impeachment, instituted by members of the rival Nationalist Party. Charges ranged from nepotism to misappropriation of funds, but after several months, he was exonerated of all charges.

Quirino’s administration faced a serious threat from the Communist-led Hukbalahap (Huk) movement. 

Quirino’s Term

In 1950, the US government sent a special mission to Manila to evaluate the economic development of the country headed by Daniel Bill. According to the observation made by Bill Mission, the country’s development is in gradual phase and that the government was spending more that it was actually earning. The Philippines is beginning to accumulate foreign debts. The Bill Mission recommended for the granting of a $200 million loan to the Philippines through Quirino-Foster Agreement of 1950.

7 Point Program for Social Security

1.Unemployment insurance

2.Old-age insurance

3.Accident and permanent disability insurance

4.Health insurance

5.Maternity insurance

6.State relief

7.Labor opportunity

Greatest AchievementsIndustrial ventures heightenedRoad system developedSet up the Central Bank and Rural banking.Burgos irrigation project in ZambalesHydroelectric project in LanaoThe cement factory in Bacnotan and La Union

The Downfall of his Administration Failed to solve basic social problems resulting to

widespread poverty. graft and corruption Wasteful spending of the people's money in extravagant

trips abroad Failure of government to check the Hukbalahap menace Economic distress:

rising unemployment rate,

soaring prices of commodities, and

unfavourable balance of trade.

"Total Economic Mobilization Policy" failed to give economic relief to the suffering nation.

Frauds and terrorism committed by the Liberal Party 

Elpidio Quirino ran for reelection in 1953 despite his poor health. Defense Secretary Ramon Magsaysay angrily resigned over Quirino’s alleged corruption and joined the opposition Nationalist Party. He would go on to defeat Quirino in the general election. Elpidio Quirino retired to private life and died of a heart attack in February 29, 1956.

Thank you for listening and God bless!

Karlyn Anne D Miranda

III-CC