EMF type hydrogen sensorpresents variety of functions

JUNBA2009 , Jan. 13, 2009

KAZAMA Kazuya, IWASAWA Takaaki, ZHEN Yueshun, OKADA Minoru and SUDA TsuyoshiFaculty of Engineering, Niigata University

NAKAMURA TsuneoNiigata TLO INC

HARADA Shuji (Niigata Univ) , YUKI Yoji (Niigata TLO INC)

This photo ©JAXA

Prospects of New Hydrogen Gas Sensor

#Goal1Our new Hydrogen Gas Sensor has high cost performance for hydrogen utility systems for instance, fuel cell, vehicle, hydrogen gas station, and so on.

#Goal2Aerospace industries is looking for fast acting and reliable H2 sensor.This principle can be made available for the industry.

A new type hydrogen gas sensor

2006.2 by Niigata Univ.WO 2005-080957

PIC USB connecterSensor

USB signal convertor

Resistance for impedance matching

Features of New Hydrogen Gas Sensor

Hydrogen gas sensor to detect hydrogen gas leakage in air or gases selectively at once,

within 100mill-seconds.

1.Response speed : Extremely high

2. Sensitivity, reliability : Very high

3. Selectivity of H2 gas : Pick up only hydrogen

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.6

0 1水素濃度 mol%

EMF(

V)

Response Speed

Pulse H2 gas injection

Time(s)Response time for H2 gas

EMF(

V)Sensitive in Low Concentration:

High Detection Accuracy

H2 concentration ( mol %)

Selectivity of H2 Gas

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0 50 100 150 200

Time(s)

EM

F(V

)City gas + HCity gas

Minor change

Catastrophic change

2

＜Example＞CH4, Alcohol, Ethylene etc.

detect base

1/2H2 H+ + e

2HPtH H

1 ( ) 1V

: electromotive force

EF

E

µ µ− = − ≈

H2 electrode

+2H |H |Pt*EM F, 1.0VE ≈

Ptin electrolyte

H+ electrolyte

+2H |H |Ni* 0.4VE ≈

Niin electrolyte

(base) +

A. Gross: Theoretical Surface Science (2003, Springer)S. Harada: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 54(1985) 430S. Harada: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 58(1989) 2200K. Matsuda & S. Harada: Material Trans. 46(2005)1058

+ H2 gas

+2H |H |Pt* 0VE ⇒

+2H |H |Ni* 0.4VE ≈

Unchanged EMF

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

-20 0 20 40

time(s)

EMF(V)

H2 gas (pulse gas)

H2|H+|Pt(+)

EMF

-0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

-20 0 20 40

time(s)

EMF(V)

H2 gas

H2|H+|Ni(+)

-0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40

time(s)

EMF(V)

Present sensor Ni|H+|Pt(+)

Sensing principle: concept

Dissociatedatoms

Adsorbedmolecules

Space Industry

Hydrogen leak gas sensor

Hydrogen gas station

New Infrastructure Servicesin the Hydrogen Energy System

Vacuum PCT/JP2006/307592

FCV

M-HStorage

Hydrogen GAS Station

Patent pendingSensing Tape (for leakage)

WO 2005-080957

Hydrogen storage sensor for M-HPCT/JP2006/307593

Sensing tape for hydrogen leakage gas

H2 Piping

Hydrogen Storage

Hydrogengas leak

Sensing tape Project startedfrom NASA’s request

About 1mile

Ａ１

Ａ2 B6 C1

C2

CCR

A1 OKA2 OK

C1 OKC2 OK

B1 OK

WNS(Wireless Network System)

B6 Leakage

DemonstrationNEDO Grant

Sensing tape for hydrogen leakage gas

Sensing tape

Control unit

Communication

Fixed method Solar cell

Components・Sensing tape・Control unit

CPUControl boardButton battery

Demonstration

Sensing system for hydrogen storage sensor

M-H storage alloy

①Direct measurement of the amount hydrogen ②Simple & small device③high reliability

valve

Metal seal

holder

outputBase electrode

insulator

electrolyteheater

H2 gas

Hydrogen storage sensor

SensorM-H storage tank

JST Grant

JST GrantPCT WO２００５／０８０９５７

Amount of hydrogen; n 100%500

-EM

F / V

0

1

Principle : H storage sensor

M-H M-H2

MH2

schematic：M-Hx|H+|M

MH

Leak sensor

indicator

Tetrahedral site

BCC

Octahedral site

BCC

Develop

Fuel indicator sensor

full

half

empty

“New hydrogen sensor” from Niigata University “Niigata Nippo” News paper

Minister of MEXT Japan PrizeBy the progress of the cooperation activity betweenindustry, academy and government

Our Hydrogen Sensor was selectedWorld BEST 100 Innovations

AUTM2007“The Better World Report Part TwoTechnology Transfer Works:100 Innovations from Academic Research to Real-World Application”

Thank you for your attention!

This photo ©JAXA

Prospects of New Hydrogen Gas Sensor

#Goal1Our new Hydrogen Gas Sensor has high cost performance for hydrogen utility systems for instance, fuel cell, vehicle, hydrogen gas station, and so on.

#Goal2Space industry is looking for fast acting and reliable H2 sensor.This principle can be made available for the industry.