개방형서비스를위한active networking 기술old.hsn.or.kr › hsn91-06 › workshop ›...

1Prof. Younghee Lee 한국정보통신대학교

개방형 서비스를 위한 Active Networking 기술

2005. 1이 영 희


Content

Introduction– Background– Open API and network programmability

Architecture– Service overlay– BcN with network programmability

Applications– QoS services– Network Security and management

Conclusion


IntroductionKey words for future on demand network/services(WONS2005 panel)– Service aware protocol

» Context awareness» Adaptive protocol: active network

– Autonomic network» Pervasive computing, autonomic computing, ubiquitous computing» Service/network difference search: Google like» Throw TCP/IP for new environment

– Digital trust and reputation» Self management : network management» Machine learning for service design and network control» Dynamic coalition of user» Incentive to cooperation: disincentive to malicious user


IntroductionHome Net

serviceSensor net

serviceAd-hocservice

Home Netservice

Sensor netservice

Ad-hocservice

Many autonomous networkPeer to peerSelf entrySelf management with negotiationVertical integration: protocol

C-SApplication over IP Network management

Leading force of new application and revenue increase for NSP


IntroductionKey Issues (WONS keynote)– Local web

» 300 billion users, 3,000 billion devices within 10 years» Local p2p : (including global end to end protocol)» New applications to increase global network traffic:

(Start point of IP/web : Interconnection of subnet/Ethernet/servers)» Self adaptive bio-communication network

– Bio inspired NGN» Adaptation by evolution: rule of genetics» Service organism : epicenter

User node: carrying chromosome( program describing the related service behavior instead of fixed rule)Sensor node: context sensingMating?, fitness?


IntroductionLimitation of current Internet for applications– Network service 측면: 다양하고 많은 서비스 요구사항을 기존의 정적인

네트워크개념으로는 만족시키기가 거의 불가능함. – Network control 측면: 다양한 응용서비스가 네트워크를 control 하면서

각자의 구미에 맞게끔 네트워크를 이용할 수가 없음

– Internet design principles» End-to-End Argument개념에 의거 아주 단순하고 공통적인 기능 외에는 end

node에서 기능을 구현하는 것이 응용서비스에 좋으므로 새로운 네트워크서비스를 네트워크에 추가하는 것이 매우 어려움.

New requirements– Various Internet attackers: spam e-mail,..

» Need protect users and network itself from attacker – ISP Service differentiation: QoS– Third party’s involvement

» 정부, ISP 등이 위해정보 차단, 세금징수 등..– Multiway communications, congestion control (TCP unfriendly traffic)..


Constraints of the Internet Applications have insufficient information about the network to make informed decisions.

– e.g.) Where can I get more bandwidth

Service providers have little control over how their traffic is handled.

– No customization

Implication to active network

DistributedSimulation

DistanceLearning

VideoConferencing

GamesUser User

Too Complex No InformationNo Control


Introduction: Problem 정의

Application이 요구하는 다양하고 동적인 망 서비스가 미래의다양한 BcN, wireless Network, Sensor network등에서 일관성있게 모두 제공하기가 어려움– 예를 들어 multicast 기능이 망에 따라 또는 망 운용자에 따라 있거나 없을 수

있으므로 궁극적으로 application이 실행되는 end to end 차원에서 보면multicast 가 되지 않음.

– 따라서 다양한 망 환경에서 특정 망 서비스 기능을 이음새 없이 지능적이고동적으로 제공할 수 있는 기술이 필요

– Active network은 망의 programmability를 이용하여 제공가능하나deployment 에 문제가 있음

Internet application 들이 원활하게 실행되려면 Internet 기본원칙인 e2e argument principle 를 유지하며 기존의 Internet 기술을 개선하고 진화시키는 기술이 필요


Introduction: active network

Possible Solutions?– modify or include new protocols.: how to update?– standardization.: too slow to requirement changes– overlays??? “inefficient solution”.Active Networks: – “programmability into the network”, – “new services are introduced fast”.– Problems

» What is the killer application? Incentive?» Need of processing power

– end to end argument point of view» contradict the end-to-end principle: a function or service should be carried out

within a network layer only if it is needed by all clients of that layer» consonant with end-to-end arguments: programmability may allow a network

client to implement precisely the service it needs, an outcome



Active networks: 사용자가 망 기능을 dynamic 하게 변경– 응용서비스에 필요한 code(Active applications) 를 망에 load하고 on

demand로 실행 시킴으로써 기존 망 노드의 packet forwarding scheme 을변경하며 이는 Internet 의 end to end argument 를 순간적으로만 깨게 된다.

Programmable Networks: 사용자가 망 노드와 통신 할 수 있는 잘정의 된 개방형 programmable interfaces(API)– API를 통하여 망 노드 자원을 access 하며 이러한 방법을 통해서 third party

가 필요한 서비스를 위하여 자원을 manipulate 하거나 reprogram 한다.

용어의 정의– 두 접근방법 모두 망에 새로운 서비스를 쉽게 적용하는 것을 목적으로 하고

있으며, 실제로 active and programmable router라는 용어로 혼용되어사용되고 있음.

– 여기서는 좀 더 포괄적인 의미로 Active Network이라는 용어를 사용


Introduction: 연관기술관계도

지능적 Overlay Network service

Ubiquitous/Pervasive Computing을 위한Network Services

지능적 Ad hoc network service

Active & Programmable

Networks망의 지능화

Open Signaling 기술Control plane을 프로그래머블하게

하기위한 Open signaling

Active network 기술패킷 자체로써 망의 기능을 프로그

램 할 수 있도록 함

DARPA WGsActive network 구조, OS, EE

FAIN유럽 각국중심 (미,일 )컨소시움

미래 active Network 구조, 규격, 응용

IWANIETF working conference

OPENSIG서비스 개발, 망 기반 관리 등을 위

한 Open signaling

OPENARCHIEEE working conference

IEEE 1520인터넷 망을 위한 Programmable

interface

MSF(MultiserviceSwitching Forum)

개방형 구조의 multiserviceswitching systems 규격

IETF GSMP/FORCES Router 를 위한 API, switch/control

plane/transport plane

OSA/PARLAY유무선 망 환경에서 다양한 응용서비스를 제공하기위한 개방형 API



정보전달평면

제어평면

관리평면

네트워크 요소: 라우팅 요소, 망접속 요소 등(가상 망 또는 오버레이 망 포함)

노드운영체계

자원엑서스관리 액티브노드운용: security, 노드관리, 액티브 서비스 요소모듈관리

액티브

응용

액티브

응용

응용

실행환경

제어

실행환경

관리

실행환경

액 티 브 인 터 넷기능구조모델


Introduction: Open API: OSA/Parlay


Introduction: Open API: MSF


Introduction: Open API: OSGiOSGi (Open Service Gateway initiative) Framework– A service execution

environment» Programmable environment for hosting

dynamically downloadable services» Dynamic Software Updates» Remote Control, Maintenance, and

Diagnosis» Data Exchange (through WAN)


Introduction: BcNConvergence to IP backbone network

Key Requirements– QoS– Security– IPv6– Open API

Introduction: Active networking for something


Execution at right place; – Something would prefer to be executed at intermediate node rather than end node

Characteristics of functions – closely related with network control or node data manipulation

» Congestion, multicast, QoS, sensor node,…– reactive on right time at right place

» Adaptive to network changes or context changes» For pervasive computing

Context => event => service– How to describe service?: service description – How to discover optimum service?: service discovery– How to execute them on right time at right place?: agent

– application specific and temporal only to certain application» If it’s common to every application, we don’t need active networking

Application’s role with active networking– Provide execution code in case– Control the execution


Architecture: BcN with network programmability

Pros & Cons of “Convergence”– Pros: Integration, Interworking– Cons: Adaptation, divergence for network survivability

Active network– Adaptation

Best Network functions for new application environment– Network Security

Emergency measure, temporary expedient

우리나라는 839 등 국가적차원에서 체계적으로 IT기반의 신성장동력을 추구하고 있음

체계화된 기획에의거하면 효율적인지능형/능동형서비스네트워크 구축이가능함.이는세계에서 가장 앞선 IT 강국의 초석의 하나가될 수있음.


Open API Versus Active network

Open API – Application level

programmability » Hard to interact with

networkQoS, multicast..

– Open signaling» Interact with network» Network Security problem

Active network– Network level

programmability– Hard to enforce to be

active router– Active overlay Network

» Special type of router» Ex) active router or Web

switch extension» Application layer active network


Open API Versus Active network Open API – Parlay

» Well defined stable component services

» Inflexible: application can only use predefined service elements

– OSGi» Very flexible

Server network– Service coalition

between servers» Can’t interact with network

serviceInefficiency QoS…

Active network– Flexible:

» Application defined service elements

– Efficient» Application interact with Network to

get required network services

– Deployment» IPv6: active packet » Context aware service execution at

right place» Service composition» Interoperability with various

network(sensor net, vehicular net, ad hoc net, hybrid net(ad hoc + AP)

» Appropriate network discovery, negotiation (cost, QoS, security)


Architecture: Service overlayITU-T FGNGN-FRA: Focus Group for NGN- Functional Reference Architecture

S oftswitchG S M/ C DM AP S TN

D P E

S C E

T hird party n ot tru sted

T h ird party tru sted

S C E

S ecu rity in te rface

厖S erver 1 S erver 2 S erver n

A p plica tion S e rver P la tfo rm

P rotoc ol in terfac e 1

P ro toc ol in terfac e 2

P ro toc ol in terfac e n厖

P ho n e S et

F ax m ach in e

M o bile P h on e

P DA P C Inte lligent Termina l

Ind ep en den t o f th e ne tw o rk op era to r

L o ca tion transp arenc y

N e tw o rk tran sparen c y

P ro toco l transp arenc y

In depend en t o f the m anu fac tu re r

S erv ice m erge

A p p lica tion s (3 rd P arties)

N G N

O M A S erv ice E n v iro n m en t

S oftswitchG S M/ C DM AP S TN

D P E

S C E

T hird party n ot tru sted

T h ird party tru sted

S C E

S ecu rity in te rface

厖S erver 1 S erver 2 S erver n

A p plica tion S e rver P la tfo rm

P rotoc ol in terfac e 1

P ro toc ol in terfac e 2

P ro toc ol in terfac e n厖

P ho n e S et

F ax m ach in e

M o bile P h on e

P DA P C Inte lligent Termina l

Ind ep en den t o f th e ne tw o rk op era to r

L o ca tion transp arenc y

N e tw o rk tran sparen c y

P ro toco l transp arenc y

In depend en t o f the m anu fac tu re r

S erv ice m erge

A p p lica tion s (3 rd P arties)

N G N

O M A S erv ice E n v iro n m en t


Architecture: Service overlayITU-T FGNGN-FRA: Focus Group on NGN- Functional Reference Architecture

Access Independent

(CoreTransport)Network

Service/Network Control

Platform

Application

Multi-layer Service Edge

PresenceQoS/Traffic Control

RADIUS

SIP

SingleSign-On Server

AccountingMulti-point

video-conference

HomeAgent

CertificationAuthority

NWdefense

HGWmanagement

ONUONU

Service Node

ADSL modem

Core Node

MCWDMDSLAM

MC

MC

MC

Distribution Function

BusinessUser

HGW

OLT

V-ONU

HE

V-OLT

Visual System

Mass User

OtherNetwork

GWPSTN

Community CollaborationCommunity Collaboration ContentsContents CommerceCommerce

Ubiquitous NetworkUser

Network

AccessDependent

NetworkBS

RMC

MSC

Transportstratum

Servicestratum

GW

GW

Wireline AccessRAN HE: Head endMSC: Mobile Switching

Center RMC: Radio Media

ConverterBS: Base StationDSLAM: Digital Subscriber

Access ModuleOLT: Optical Line TerminalONU: Optical Network UnitMC: Media Converter

NNI

UNI


Architecture: Service overlayITU-T NGN WD 191 Multi layer, multi service network

CP

CP

C-Plane

CP CP CP CP

CP CP

CP CPCP

Multi layer network (C-plane)

ML edge ML core ML core

IP/MPLSService

network

Physicalconnect

ivity

Service node Service node

L1/L2 edge

L1/L2edge

L2/L1servicenetwork

ML edgeML edge

ML edge

ML edge ML edge

Multi layer network(U-plane)

Service node Service nodeIP Å MPLS

Servicenetwork

CP: Control plane entityML: Multi layer

CP

Logicalconnect

ivity

CPs in the core network and in the servicenetwork can have independent and (virtuallyseparated) spaces for different servicenetwork to support seamlessly.

Vertical interworking betweendifferent layers Å controlfunctionalities enablesdynamic and simple operation.


Architecture: Service overlayITU-T FGNGN Client Networking Service with QoS+Security in Manageable IP Network (NGN)

Overlay Networking Function for provisioning QoS+Security


Architecture: Service overlayITU-T FGNGN Client Networking Service with QoS+Security in Manageable IP Network (NGN)

Networking Architecture to provide QoS +Security for customers


Architecture: Service overlay“Service Overlay Networks: SLAs, QoSand Bandwidth Provisioning”, ZhenhaiDuan et al., ICNP 2002End to end QoS: server overlay over current Internet – VoIP, Video on

demand, QoSsensitive service

– Purchases bandwidth with QoS guarantees from AS via bilateral SLA

계층계층 구조의구조의 액티브액티브 오베레이오베레이 서비스서비스 네트워크네트워크 ((예예):):정일영교수정일영교수Overlay Network위에 계층적인 Virtual Service Network 구축


APS3APS3APS1APS1

APS2APS2

액티브액티브 서비스서비스네트워크네트워크--11

APS4APS4

APS1APS1

APS2APS2

APS3APS3액티브액티브 서비스서비스네트워크네트워크--22

APS4APS4

APS1APS1

APS2APS2

APS3APS3액티브액티브 서비스서비스네트워크네트워크--33

APS4APS4

액티브액티브 오버레이오버레이서비스서비스 네트워크네트워크


ArchitectureDistributedSimulationDistance

Learning

VideoConferencingGames

Service provider

UsersBcN

BcN

Non-BcN

Home Net

Ad-hoc

Home Net

Programmable Overlay Network Plane

Intelligent/active Network Plane

Service Gateway

Active nodeHome Gateway

Applications

OSGiOSA/PARLAY


Application: Active/Intelligent Feature in BcN.

QoS service– QoS guaranteed through service network, Multimedia session Provision

Intelligent Control & active feature provision in Internet– Service & Network Collaboration: multicast, mobility, security…– Ex) application level and router assisted schemes for reliable multicast

Active/Intelligent Mobility Management– Mobility discovery, Pan-network server service, Reliability

Network Security– Active filtering, Identification and Authentication

Pervasive computing: application Intelligence– Intelligent service discovery/negotiation/integration, Directory services– Context aware network service/node control, Service Manageable by Users– Proactive caching, Information Push/Pull: dynamic information service

Programmable Network Management : management at right place


Application: Active networking.

Active and Programmable Grids Architectures and Components (APGAC ’04 workshop in ICCS 2004)– Active P2P Grid architecture– Self-adapting, self-configurable, self manageable grids

Application Level Active Networks (ALAN)Active routing for ad-hoc network: Seamless integrationActive sensor network– Programmable routing framework that promoted the adaptability in routing

services for sensor networks

Active network for OPES– Active node to execute the code for specific application

» Message containing the code or rule set : video transcoding, virus filter and so on...


Application: QoS serviceLakshminarayanan Subramanian et al., “OverQoS: Offering Internet QoSUsing Overlays”Third party QoS provider modelQoS– QoS between overlay nodes– QoS by QoS router– QoS between overlay nodes with

the aids of special function» Allocation of certain portion of Bandwidth

추가 고려사항– Active router 기능에 의한 응용에

따른 다양한 협약 가능

– 유무선 통합환경에서 end to end QoS 를 위한 통합 개념 구조 및 API


Application: service extensibilityRobert Hsieh et al., “Dynamic Service Extensibility through programmable network”ICCC 2002DEEPSEA: assumption– “resource hiring”

» Computation power» Bandwidth for an agreed

duration– Programmable

networking devices» Web switch» Active router


Application: service extensibilityWeb switch– Wirespeed ASIC-based packet

forwarding H/W– Normal Layer 2/3 switching– Programmable software

component to perform layers 4-7 services

Prototype: Programmable execution environment:– ORE– JVM– EEs– Nortel Alteon 180 Web switch– WebIC– Virtual Matrix Architecture(VMA)

» Virtual matrix of memory and processor


DeploymentAlternatives of active/programmable router– Active router assistant– Web switch

Legacy Internet supports for programmability– Resource hiring: QoS– Programmable monitoring/filtering: Security– Multicast on demand: simple duplication according to the

request of overlay multicast node» Application specific multicast


Conclusion

Open API와 망의 programmability 제공을 통하여BcN에서 지능적인 고품질 응용서비스 제공– 응용분야에서 IT 강국의 선도적 역할 정립

– BcN, Inteligent/active network, Overlay network 통합 구조와API를 개발하여 end to end 차원에서 고품질 다품종의 망서비스 제공

– 다양한 autonomous subnetwork에서의 application 을 활성화하여 public network의 수요를 창출


Appendix –OSA/PARLAY–OSGI


Introduction: Open API: OSGiIntroduction - OSGi End-to-End Solutions

Service Creators&

Content Providers

EnergyMeter

PCs

TVs

Telephones

SecuritySensors

Consumer Electronics

HouseholdAppliances

ServiceAggregator

&Gateway

Administrator

Entertainment

Home Security

Energy Management

Appliance Control

Communications

Custom Information

Lighting Control

Irrigation Control

TBD…

HomeNetwork

Embedded ServicesGateway

Service Provider

Internet

Mobile cellular or satellite link

ServicesGateway


Introduction: Open API: OSGiIntroduction (Cont.) – OSGi End-to-End Solutions Architecture Diagram (Release 3)

개방형서비스를위한active networking 기술old.hsn.or.kr › hsn91-06 › workshop ›...

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