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mvims‡ÿc:dzmdz‡mi h²v wbivg‡q †d‡bjweDUv‡iBU Ges wfUvwgb wW3-Gi †hŠ_ wPwKrmvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cÖfve: GKwU i¨vÛgvBRW K‡›Uªvj mgxÿv

c„ôv 10

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cÖvYNvwZ wbcvn fvBivm †U‡ivcvm ev`yo †_‡K gvby‡li g‡a¨ Qovq| GwU mvaviYZ ev`y‡oi †`nwbtm„Z c`v_© Øviv msµvwgZ KuvPv †LRy‡ii im cv‡bi gva¨‡g Qwo‡q _v‡K| ev`y‡oi ms¯úk© †_‡K im‡K iÿv Kivi Rb¨ im msMÖnKvixMY evbv eënvi K‡i _v‡Kb hv †`L‡Z A‡bKUv ¯‹v‡U©i g‡Zv| wbcvn fvBivm msµg‡Yi SuywK Kwg‡q Avbvi Rb¨ evsjv‡`k miKvi KuvPv †LRy‡ii im cv‡b RbMY‡K wbiærmvnxZ K‡i| 2012-2014 mvj ch©šÍ Avgiv RbM‡Yi AvPiY cwieZ©b-msµvšÍ `yÕwU B›Uvi‡fbkb nv‡Z wbB Ges Zv ev¯Íevqb I g~j¨vqb Kwi| GKwU n‡jv KuvPv im cvb wbiærmvnxZ Kiv Ges AciwU ïaygvÎ evbv w`‡q myiwÿZ im cv‡b DrmvnxZ Kiv| B›Uvi‡fbkbmg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi ci RbM‡Yi AvPi‡Yi †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b G‡m‡Q wK bv Zv hvPvB Kivi Rb¨ Avgiv cici `yÕwU im msMÖ‡ni †gŠmy‡g GjvKvi RbM‡Yi ga¨ †_‡K 6,220 Rb Ges 665 Rb im msMÖvn‡Ki mvÿvrKvi wb‡qwQ| g~j¨vqb †k‡l †`Lv hvq †h, KuvPv im cvb Kiv K‡g †M‡Q, evbv w`‡q myiwÿZ im cvb †e‡o †M‡Q Ges evbv eënv‡ii msL¨vI †e‡o †M‡Q| GB Kvh©µ‡gi djvdj †_‡K †evSv hvq †h, hviv †LRy‡ii KuvPv im cvb Ki‡Z Pvq Zv‡ì myiÿvi Rb¨ evbv eënvi DrmvnxZ Kiv GKwU Kvh©Ki m¤ú~iK Kvh©µg n‡Z cv‡i|

2 AvBwmwWwWAvi,we • ¯^v¯’¨ I weÁvb evZ©v • el© 14 msL¨v 1 • Ryb 2016

wbcvn fvBivm cÖvYxi †_‡K gvby‡l msµgYKvix GKwU †ivM hv †U‡ivcvm ev`yo †_‡K gvby‡li g‡a¨ cÖvYNvwZ †ivM wn‡m‡e Qovq| mvaviYZ fvBivm Øviv msµvwgZ ev`y‡oi cÖmªve ev jvjvi

mvnv‡h¨ msµvwgZ †LRy‡ii im cv‡bi gva¨‡g GB fvBivm Qwo‡q _v‡K (1,2,7)| 2001 mvj †_‡K cÖvq cÖwZeQiB evsjv‡`‡k GB fvBiv‡mi cÖv`yf©ve †`Lv †M‡Q| KL‡bv KL‡bv msµvwgZ gvby‡li KvQ †_‡K fvBivmwU Ab¨ gvby‡li g‡a¨ Qwo‡q AvÂwjK cÖv`yf©ve ev gnvgvixi SuywK m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i (3-5)|

†LRy‡ii im msMÖn Ges KuvPv Ae¯’vq Zv cvb Kiv evOvwj ms¯‹…wZ‡Z GKwU cÖPwjZ welq (7)| †LRy‡ii im msMÖnKvixMY (MvQx) ev`yo‡K GKwU DrcvZ wn‡m‡e g‡b K‡ib, KviY Giv im bó K‡i _v‡K| ZvB †KD †KD i‡mi aviv I im msMÖ‡ni nvwo‡Z ev`y‡oi ms¯úk© evavMÖ¯Í Kivi Rb¨ KL‡bv-KL‡bv Mv‡Qi PvQv Ask GK ai‡bi †eov (evbv) w`‡q †X‡K †`b (6)| ev`yo cÖwZnZ Ki‡Z evbv †ek Kvh©Ki n‡Z cv‡i Ges MvQx‡ì Kv‡Q GwU h‡_ó MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv †c‡q‡Q (7-10)| wbcvn fvBiv‡mi SzuwK n«v‡mi D‡Ï‡k¨ evsjv‡`k miKviI RbMY‡K †LRy‡ii KuvPv im cvb Ki‡Z wbiærmvwnZ K‡i|

Avgiv AvPiYMZ cwieZ©b-msµvšÍ `yÕwU B›Uvi‡fbkb cÖYqb I ev¯Íevqb K‡iwQ: GKwU n‡jv RbmvaviY‡K †LRy‡ii KuvPv im cvb Ki‡Z wbiærmvwnZ Kiv Ges AciwU wbcvn fvBivm we¯Ív‡ii SuywK n«v‡mi D‡Ï‡k¨ †KejgvÎ evbvi Øviv myiwÿZ im cvb Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Kiv| ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi im LvIqvi Af¨v‡mi Ici B›Uvi‡fbkb `yÕwU Kx cÖfve †d‡j‡Q Zv Avgiv g~j¨vqb K‡iwQ|

Avgiv RbmsL¨vwfwËK GKwU M‡elYv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kwi hvi gva¨‡g Avgiv GB †iv‡Mi cÖv`yf©vewewkó c„_K `yÕwU †Rjvq gvby‡li AvPiY cwieZ©bKvix `yÕwU B›Uvi‡fbkb ev¯Íevqb Kwi Ges Zvi djvdj Z…Zxq GKwU wbcvn cÖv`yf©vewewkó †Rjvi (K‡›Uªvj) gvby‡li AvPi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kwi| ivRevox †Rjvi `yÕwU Dc‡Rjvq cici `yÕwU im msMÖ‡ni †gŠmy‡g (2012-2013 Ges 2013-2014) Avgiv gvbyl‡K ÔKvuPv im cvb bvÕ-Ki‡Z Aby‡iva Kwi| 2013-2014 †gŠmy‡g dwi`cyi †Rjvi `yÕwU Dc‡Rjvq Avgiv RbMY‡K im cvb †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z A_ev evbvi mvnv‡h¨ myiwÿZ Ôïay wbivc` imÕ cvb Ki‡Z Aby‡iva Kwi| ̄ ’vbxq ̀ yÕwU †emiKvwi ms¯’v ÔïaygvÎ wbivc` imÕ B›Uvi‡fbkb GjvKvi MvQx‡ì evbv eënv‡i DrmvnxZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ cyi®‹vi cÖ`vb QvovI RbMY‡K m¤ú„³ K‡i, †bZ…e„‡›ì mnvqZv wb‡q, RbM‡Yi mv‡_ mfv K‡i Ges †cv÷v‡ii mvnv‡h¨ B›Uvi‡fbkbwU ev¯Íevqb K‡i| Avgiv RbMY‡K m‡PZb Kivi j‡ÿ¨ wbcvn †ivM we¯Ívi I cÖwZ‡iva-msµvšÍ evZ©vmg~n ¯’vbxq wWm ms‡hv‡Mi gva¨‡g m¤úªPvi Kwi|

M‡elYvq AskMÖnYKvixM‡Yi KuvPv im cvb-msµvšÍ Af¨vm Ges B›Uvi‡fbkb-msµvšÍ evZ©vmg~n Zviv †R‡b‡Q wK bv †m-msµvšÍ Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ Avgiv B›Uvi‡fbkb ev¯Íevq‡bi c~‡e© Ges c‡i B›Uvi‡fbkb I K‡›Uªvj GjvKvq cwigvYm~PK Rwic I RbM‡Yi AvPiY ch©‡eÿY Kwi| g~j¨vqbKvix `j cixwÿZ I gvbm¤úbœ `yÕwU cÖkœgvjvi mvnv‡h¨ Ges gy‡LvgyLx mvÿvrKv‡ii gva¨‡g cÖviw¤¢K Rwic cwiPvjbv K‡i| 2012 mv‡j Zviv †hme GjvKvq ÔKuvPv im cvb bvÕ-Ki‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q †mme GjvKv (B›Uvi‡fbkb) Ges K‡›Uªvj GjvKvi RbM‡Yi KvQ †_‡K DcvË msMÖn K‡i| 2013 mv‡j Zviv Ôïay wbivc` imÕ cvb Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Kiv (B›Uvi‡fbkb) I K‡›Uªvj GjvKvi RbMY Ges MvQx‡ì KvQ

3AvBwmwWwWAvi,we • ¯^v¯’¨ I weÁvb evZ©v • el© 14 msL¨v 1 • Ryb 2016

†_‡K DcvË msMÖn K‡i| 2014 mv‡j B›Uvi‡fbkb Kvh©µ‡gi `yÕgvm ci Avgiv B›Uvi‡fbkb Ges K‡›Uªvj GjvKvi RbMY I MvQx‡ì KvQ †_‡K P~ovšÍ Rwi‡ci DcvË msMÖn Kwi|

g~j¨vqbKvix `j 2012-2013 mv‡ji `yB gvm B›Uvi‡fbkb I K‡›Uªvj GjvKvmg~‡n ÔKuvPv im cvb bvÕ-Ki‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q Ggb GjvKvq im weµ‡qi ¯’vbmg~n ch©‡eÿY K‡i| cieZ©x †gŠmy‡g (2013-2014) Zviv M‡elYvi AšÍf©z³ wZbwU GjvKvi im weµ‡qi ¯’vb ch©‡eÿY K‡i| cÖwZ `yB mßv‡n Zviv cÖwZwU GjvKvq AšÍZ cvuPwU wfbœ wfbœ im weµ‡qi ¯’vb ch©‡eÿY K‡i Ges KZ¸‡jv MvQ †_‡K im msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges evbv w`‡q Ave„Z Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges KZRb im cvb K‡i‡Q I evwo‡Z wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ im µq K‡i‡Q Zv wjwce× K‡i| `jwU i‡mi nvwoi AvKvi ch©‡eÿY K‡i Ges MvQx‡ì mv‡_ Avjv‡ci gva¨‡g weµqK…Z i‡mi AvbygvwbK cwigvY wnmve K‡i|

Avgiv MÖvg ch©v‡q ¸”QK…Z Z‡_ï cÖfve‡K mgš^q K‡i wi‡MÖkb g‡Wj eënvi K‡i B›Uvi‡fbk‡bi Kvh©KvwiZvi cvwimsL¨vwbK Zvrch© g~j¨vqb Kwi| Avgiv K‡›Uªvj Ges B›Uvi‡fbkb MÖæ‡ci cÖviw¤¢K Rwic I P‚ovšÍ Rwi‡ci djvd‡ji Abycv‡Zi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ cv_©K¨mg~‡ni g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ we‡kølY c×wZ eënvi Kwi| †LRy‡ii KuvPv im cv‡bi mv‡_ B›Uvi‡fbk‡bi djvd‡ji m¤úK© g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ Avgiv 95% Kbwd‡WÝ B›Uvif¨v‡ji mv‡_ IWm †iwkI wnmve Kwi| ch©‡eÿY †_‡K cÖvß DcvË n‡Z Avgiv KZ¸‡jv MvQ †_‡K im msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges evbv w`‡q KZ¸‡jv MvQ Ave„Z Kiv n‡q‡Q, KuvPv im cvbKvix‡ì AbycvZ Ges MvQx‡ì KvQ †_‡K cvbK…Z I µqK…Z i‡mi cwigvY wnmve Kwi|

g~j¨vqbKvix `j cÖviw¤¢K Rwic I P~ovšÍ Rwi‡c 6,220 Rb mvaviY RbMY I 665 Rb MvQxi mvÿvrKvi MÖnY K‡i (mviwY 1)| M‡elYvq AskMÖnYKvixMY Rvwb‡q‡Q †h, hviv gv‡m AšÍZ GKevi KuvPv im cvb K‡i‡Q Zv‡ì msL¨v cÖviw¤¢K Rwi‡ci Zzjbvq P~ovšÍ Rwi‡c meKwU GjvKvq D‡jøL‡hvM¨fv‡e K‡g G‡m‡Q, wKš‘ K‡›Uªvj GjvKvi Zzjbvq B›Uvi‡fbkb GjvKvq GwU (K‡g hvIqv) †ewk N‡U‡Q| Ôïay wbivc` im cvbÕ GjvKvq evbv w`‡q myiwÿZ im cvb Kivi nvi cÖviw¤¢K Rwi‡ci Zzjbvq P~ovšÍ Rwi‡c Zvrch©c~Y©fv‡e e„w× (3% ebvg 43%) †c‡q‡Q, Aciw`‡K K‡›Uªvj GjvKvq GB nvi cÖvq AcwiewZ©Z (26% ebvg 27%) wQ‡jv| DËi`vZvMY Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h, im cvb/µ‡qi Av‡M MvQx‡ì Kv‡Q evbv eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q wK bv Zv Rvb‡Z PvIqvi nvi Ôïay wbivc` imÕ cvb GjvKvq cÖviw¤¢K Rwi‡ci Zzjbvq P‚ovšÍ Rwi‡c e„w× †c‡q‡Q wKš‘ K‡›Uªvj GjvKvi cÖviw¤¢K Rwi‡ci Zzjbvq P‚ovšÍ Rwi‡c G-nvi K‡g †M‡Q|

g~j¨vqbKvix `‡ji ch©‡eÿ‡Y †`Lv hvq †h, GK †gŠmyg †_‡K Av‡iK †gŠmy‡g ÔKuvPv im cvb bvÕ-Ki‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q Ggb GjvKvi im weµ‡qi ¯’v‡b KuvPv im weµq n«vm †c‡q‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K K‡›Uªvj GjvKv‡ZI weµq mvgvb¨ n«vm †c‡q‡Q (mviwY 2)|

Ôïay wbivc` imÕ cvb GjvKvq MvQx‡ì fvl¨g‡Z cÖviw¤¢K Rwi‡ci Zzjbvq P‚ovšÍ Rwi‡c evbvi eënvi e„w× †c‡q 11% †_‡K 90% n‡q‡Q (mviwY 1)| GQvov, Avgiv K‡›Uªvj GjvKvqI e¨vcK nv‡i evbvi eënvi †`L‡Z †c‡qwQ, Z‡e cÖviw¤¢K Rwi‡ci Zzjbvq P‚ovšÍ Rwi‡c evbvi eënvi mvgvb¨ n«vm (66% †_‡K 57%) †c‡Z †`Lv †M‡Q| Ôïay wbivc` imÕ cvb GjvKvq cÖviw¤¢K Rwic


†_‡K P‚ovšÍ Rwic ch©šÍ evbvi eënvi e„w× †c‡jI im msMÖ‡ni †gvU Mv‡Qi msL¨v n«vm †c‡q‡Q Ges MvQxiv i‡mi Afv‡ei K_v Rvwb‡q‡Qb| K‡›Uªvj GjvKvq im msMÖ‡ni Mv‡Qi msL¨v B›Uvi‡fbkb GjvKvi Zzjbvq jÿYxqfv‡e Kg wQ‡jv, wKš‘ M‡elYvi mgqRy‡o GB msL¨v †gvUvgywU w¯’i wQ‡jv (mviwY 1)| 2013-2014 †gŠmy‡g Avgiv jÿ¨ K‡iwQ †h, K‡›Uªvj GjvKvi 26% Mv‡Q evbv Ges 55% MvQx KZ…©K evbv eënv‡ii Zzjbvq Ôïay wbivc` imÕ cvb GjvKvq 7% Mv‡Q evbv Ges 31% MvQx evbv eënvi K‡i‡Q| RbMY‡K wb‡q Av‡qvwRZ êVKmg~‡n Ôïay wbivc` im cvbÕ GjvKvi DËi`vZv‡ì g‡a¨ KuvPv im cvb Kivi cÖeYZv †ewk wQ‡jv e‡j Rvbv hvq (54% ebvg 43%, IAvi 1.5, 95% wmAvB 1.0-2.3, wc=0.02)| Z‡e Zv‡ì g‡a¨ AiwÿZ Drm †_‡K im cvb Kivi cÖeYZv Kg wQ‡jv (16% ebvg 28%, IAvi 0.5 wmAvB 0.3-0.9, wc=0.01)|

KuvPv im cvb Kiv, KuvPv im weµq Kiv Ges evbv eëüZ Mv‡Qi msL¨v

K‡›Uªvj GjvKvi MvQx Ôïay wbivc` imÕ GjvKvi MvQx

ÔKuvPv im bqÕ GjvKv

MvQx

(Ôïay wbivc` imÕ cv_©K¨

2014-2013) - (K‡›Uªvj

cv_©K¨ 2014-2013)-Gi

cv_©K¨

K‡›Uªvj P‚ovšÍ Rwic Ges Ôïay wbivc`

imÕ P‚ovšÍ Rwi‡ci

g‡a¨ cv_©K¨

K‡›Uªvj P‚ovšÍ Rwic Ges

ÔKvuPv im bqÕ P‚ovšÍ Rwi‡ci g‡a¨ cv_©K¨

cÖviw¤¢K 2013

†gvU=105msL¨v (%)

P~ovšÍ2014

†gvU=150 msL¨v (%)

cÖviw¤¢K 2013

†gvU=110 msL¨v (%)

P~ovšÍ2014

†gvU=150msL¨v (%)

P~ovšÍ2014

†gvU=150 msL¨v (%)

MZ †gŠmy‡g †hme MvQ †_‡K KuvPv im cvb Kivi Rb¨ im msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q

ga¨gv (AvBwKDAvi)

6(3, 10)

5(2, 10)

60(25, 100)

19(5, 40)†††

10(2, 40)

(-40)††† ††† †††

KuvPv im weµ‡qi †cŠbtcywbKZv

AšÍZc‡ÿ K‡qKevi

64(61)

81(54)

90(82)

109 (73)

102 (68)

(-2) †† †

MZ im msMÖ‡ni †gŠmy‡gi P‚ovšÍ mg‡q cÖwZ mßv‡n KuvPv cvb Kivi Rb¨ weµqK…Z i‡mi cwigv‡Yi AbycvZ (wjUv‡i)

ga¨gv (AvBwKDAvi)

10(6, 30)

20(10, 40)

30(15,80)

37.5(15,70)

13.5(8,30)

(-2.5) †

MZ †gŠmy‡g evbvi eënvi

KuvPv im cv‡bi Rb¨ im msMÖ‡ni Mv‡Q evbvi eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q

69(66)

85(57)

12(11)

135 (90)†††

47(31)

(88)††† †† †††

*mgš^qK…Z ¸”Q;‡GKvwaK DËi †Ìqvi my‡hvM w`‡q Db¥y³ DËi MÖnY; †wc-f¨vjy < 0.05, ††wc-f¨vjy < 0.01, †††wc-f¨vjy < 0.001

mviwY 1: 2013 †_‡K 2014 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡k ÔKuvPv im bqÕ, Ôïay wbivc` imÕ Ges K‡›Uªvj GjvKvmg~‡n im msMÖ‡ni MvQ Ges evbvi eënvi m¤ú‡K© cÖviw¤¢K Rwic I P‚ovšÍ Rwi‡c MvQx‡ì cÖ`Ë Z_¨


ch©‡eÿ‡Yi djvdj 2012-13 im msMÖ‡ni †gŠmyg 2013-14 im msMÖ‡ni †gŠmyg

ÔKvuPv im bqÕ B›Uvi‡fbkb

GjvKv†gvU=46

K‡›Uªvj GjvKv

†gvU=36

¶ÔKvuPv im bqÕ B›Uvi‡fbkb

GjvKv†gvU=46

#Ôïay wbivc` imÕ B›Uvi‡fbkb

GjvKv†gvU=48

K‡›Uªvj GjvKv †gvU=38

im msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ Mv‡Qi msL¨v (ch©‡eÿYK…Z), ga¨gv (AvBwKDAvi)§

- - 16(12,27)†††

16(11,24)†††

7(3,13)

KuvPv im cvb K‡i‡Q Ggb gvby‡li Mo msL¨v‡ (GmwW) (msiwÿZ ev AiwÿZ)

3.14(2.22)

5.45(3.78)†

3.20(2.20)

3.00(2.83)

2.95(1.85)

KuvPv im µq K‡i‡Q Ges eënv‡ii Rb¨ evwo‡Z wb‡q †M‡Q Ggb gvby‡li Mo msL¨v‡‡(GmwW)

1.85(1.21)

3.77(2.98)†

1.56(1.33)

1.65(0.93)

2.25(2.00)

*ch©‡eÿ‡Yi mgq wQ‡jv mvaviYZ †fvi 5:30 †_‡K †fvi 7:30 ch©šÍ §2012-13 †gŠmy‡g †hme wRwbm ch©‡eÿY Kiv nq wb¶K‡›Uªvj GjvKvi mv‡_ ÔKuvPv im bqÕ B›Uvi‡fbkb GjvKvi Zzjbv K‡i wc-f¨vjy wnmve Kiv n‡q‡Q; #K‡›Uªvj GjvKvi mv‡_ Ôïay wbivc` imÕ B›Uvi‡fbkb GjvKvi Zzjbv K‡i wc-f¨vjy wnmve Kiv n‡q‡Q;†wc-f¨vjy <0.05, ††wc-f¨vjy <0.01, †††wc-f¨vjy <0.001;‡MvQx‡ì evwoi msL¨v wefvRK wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q, †hLv‡b KuvPv im cvb Kiv n‡q‡Q; ‡‡MvQx‡ì evwoi msL¨v wefvRK wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q, †hLvb †_‡K gvbyl evwoi Rb¨ KuvPv im µq K‡i wb‡q †M‡Q;* web¨¯Í mgwó

mn‡hvwMZvq: BDbvB‡UW †÷Um G‡RwÝ di B›Uvib¨vkbvj †W‡fjc‡g‡›Ui gva¨‡g GdGBPAvB 360

cÖwZ‡e`K: †cÖvMÖvg di BgvwR©s Bb‡dKkÝ, AvBwmwWwWAvi,we; ÷¨vb‡dvW© wek¦we`¨vjq; †ivMZË¡, †ivM wbqš¿Y I M‡elYv Bbw÷wUDU (AvBBwWwmAvi), MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKvi

gšÍe¨

cÖvß Z_¨ Abyhvqx me GjvKvq KuvPv im cvb Kiv n«vm †c‡q‡Q| Ôïay wbivc` imÕ cvb GjvKvq evbv Øviv myiwÿZ im cvb Kiv e„w× †c‡q‡Q| gvby‡li AvPi‡Yi Gme cwieZ©b g~j¨vqbKvix

`‡ji ch©‡eÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q| D³ `j ÔKuvPv im cvb bvÕ Ki‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q Ggb Ges K‡›Uªvj GjvKvqI KuvPv im weµ‡qi cwigvY n«vm †c‡Z †`‡L‡Q|

Avgv‡ì B›Uvi‡fbk‡b GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨ AvšÍte¨w³K Ges MYgva¨‡g GKB ai‡bi evZ©v cÖPvi AšÍf©y³ wQ‡jv| wewfbœ M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q †h, G‡Ki AwaK †hvMv‡hvM gva¨‡g evZ©v cÖPvi Kiv n‡j gvby‡li AvPiY cwieZ©‡b Zv mnvqK n‡Z cv‡i (11,12)| D`vniY¯îƒc, Avgv‡ì M‡elYv

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References1. Middleton DJ, Morrissy CJ, van der Heide BM, Russell GM, Braun MA, Westbury HA,

et al. Experimental Nipah virus infection in pteropid bats (Pteropus poliocephalus). J Comp Pathol 2007;136(4):266-72.

2. Luby SP, Gurley ES, Hossain MJ. Transmission of human infection with Nipah virus. Clin Infect Dis 2009;49(11):1743-8.

3. Gurley ES, Montgomery JM, Hossain MJ, Bell M, Azad AK, Islam MR et al. Person-to-person transmission of Nipah virus in a Bangladeshi community. Emerg Infect Dis 2007;13(7):1031-7.

4. Sazzad HM, Hossain MJ, Gurley ES, Ameen KM, Parveen S, Islam MS et al. Nipah virus infection outbreak with nosocomial and corpse-to-human transmission, Bangladesh. Emerg Infect Dis 2013;19(2):210-7.

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6. Nahar N, Sultana R, Gurley ES, Hossain MJ, Luby SP. Date Palm sap collection: exploring


opportunities to prevent Nipah transmission. EcoHealth 2010;7(2):196-203.7. Khan MSU, Hossain MJ, Gurley ES, Nahar N, Sultana R, Luby SP. Use of infrared

camera to understand bats’ access to date palm sap: implications for preventing Nipah virus transmission. EcoHealth 2010;7(4):517-25.

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through date palm sap in Bangladesh. Glob Health Promot 2014;21(4):7-15.10. Nahar N, Mondal UK, Sultana R, Hossain MJ, Khan MS, Gurley ES et al. Piloting

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Nipah virus transmission from bats to humans in Bangladesh. International meeting on emerging diseases and surveillance; 2013; Vianna, Austria; 2013. p. 05.001.

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Dhaka: Statistics and Informatics Division, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Planning, 2012.

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interventions of ultra-poor women in rural Rangpur, Bangladesh: do they make a difference to appropriate cooking practices, food habits and sanitation? J Biosoc Sci 2014;46(4):419-30.

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Mf©ve¯’vq wRKv fvBiv‡mi msµgY: †ivM Ges G-msµvšÍ RwUjZvi GKwU c×wZMZ ch©v‡jvPbvChibueze EC, Tirado V, da Silva Lopes K, Balogun OO, Takemoto Y, Swa T et al. Zika virus infection in pregnancy: a systematic review of disease course and complications. Bull World Health Organ. E-pub: 9 June 2016. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.16.178426.

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