existing buildings - oksea.org · american society of civil engineers, asce 41‐13

3/22/2016

SPECIAL INSPECTIONSFOR EXISTING BUILDINGS

Chris Kimball, PE, SE, MCP, CBOPhone: 801.547.8133chrisk@wc‐3.comwww.wc‐3.com

Existing Buildings

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Seminar Format1. Introduction

2. IBC Requirements

3. IEBC Requirements

4. ASCE 41 Requirements

5. Special Conditions

6. Examples

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PART 1Introduction

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Introduction Why should the SER be concerned with special inspections?

Structure Magazine:

“…you can help protect yourself from liability, provide a better product to the building owner, and provide an increased level of life safety.” (The Design Professional’s Role in Special Inspections, June 2016)

Civil + Structural Engineer Magazine:

“There is probably no single act that an engineer can do that is as effective at reducing his or her liability exposure as performing inspections during construction.” (The Practice of Special Inspections, 2/19/14)

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Introduction What are special inspections?

IBC § 202:

Special Inspection: “Inspection of construction requiring the expertise of an approved special inspector in order to ensure compliance with this code and the approved construction documents.”

Special Inspector: “A qualified person… approved by the building official as having the competence necessary to inspect a particular type of construction requiring special inspection.”

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Introduction This seminar will focus on special inspection requirements in

the following codes/standards…

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International Code Council, 2015 IBC© International Code Council, 2015 IEBC© American Society of Civil Engineers, ASCE 41‐13©

Introduction Keep in mind the following…

The Building Code mandated inspections are “minimum” requirements.

Special inspection & testing of new materials per IBC.

Existing buildings often require a more detailed program.

Consider the 3 key components of a special inspection program.

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Introduction Three key components to a special inspection program…

Special Inspections

o These are code‐mandated third‐party inspections

Material Testing

o Detailed tests mandated by code or specifications

Structural Observations

o Field visits by SER at designated intervals

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Introduction The Design Professional in Responsible Charge is responsible

for developing the special inspection program.

Special Inspection Program:

Qualification Criteria

Special Inspection

Material Testing

Contractor Responsibility

Structural Observation

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PART 2IBC Requirements

11International Code Council, 2015 IBC©

Outline We will discuss the following…

Required Inspections

Statement of Special Inspection (SSI)


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Required Inspections Structural special inspections include…

Fabricators (IBC 1704.2.5)*

Special cases (IBC 1705.1.1)*

Steel construction (IBC 1705.2)

Concrete construction (IBC 1705.3)

Masonry construction (IBC 1705.4)

Wood construction (IBC 1705.5)

Soils (IBC 1705.6)

…

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Required Inspections Structural special inspections (cont.)

Driven deep foundations (IBC 1705.7)

Cast‐in‐place deep foundations (IBC 1705.8)

Helical pile foundations (IBC 1705.9)

High Wind (IBC 1705.10)

o Structural wood, cold‐formed steel, wind‐resisting components (i.e. roof & wall cladding)

High Seismic (IBC 1705.11)*

o Structural steel, structural wood, cold‐formed steel, seismic isolation systems

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Required Inspections Non‐structural special inspections include…

Sprayed fire‐resistant materials (IBC 1705.13)

Mastic & Intumescent fire‐resistant coatings (IBC 1705.14)

Exterior insulation & finish systems (IBC 1705.15)

Fire‐resistant penetrations & joints (IBC 1705.16)

Smoke control (IBC 1705.17)

High Seismic (IBC 1705.11)

o Designated seismic systems, architectural components, access floors, MEP components, storage racks

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Required Inspections Fabricator Approval (IBC 1704.2.5):

We are talking about off‐site fabrications of “structural load carrying members or assemblies”.

What is the benefit of becoming an “approved” fabricator?

How does one become an approved fabricator?

If “approved”, a certificate of compliance must be provided to the building official (see IBC 1704.2.5.1).

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Required Inspections Special Cases (IBC 1705.1.1):

Items that are “…in the opinion of the building official, unusual in nature”.

This includes…

o Alternative materials and systems

o Unusual design applications

o Specific manufacturer requirements

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QuakeWrap®, www.quakewrap.com

SSI Where special inspections are required a “Statement of

Special Inspections” must be submitted (IBC 107.1, IBC 1704.2.3, and IBC 1704.3).

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Council of American Structural Engineers (CASE), CASE Form 101, © Case 2004

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SSI The SSI shall include…

Materials, systems and components requiring inspection or testing.

Type or extent of each special inspection/test.

Additional items per 1705.10, 1705.11, and 1705.12

Identify either continuous or periodic inspection.

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Sample SSI Real‐World Example: Single‐story masonry retail building

What items require special inspections?

This is what was actually provided…

Special Inspection: Special inspection is required in accordance with IBC 1701.

A. All concrete masonry units and reinforcing.

B. Field welding.

C. Epoxy bolts.

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Plan Review Comment #1:

The “special inspection” portion of sheet Sxxx does not meet the

requirements for a “Statement of Special Inspections” as

required by IBC 1704.3. Not only should the items requiring

special inspection/testing be noted, but the extent of the

inspections/tests should be defined and the frequency (i.e.

continuous or periodic) noted. Additional items requiring special

inspection for this project may include soils, concrete, etc.

Please address.

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The initial response/revisions provided follows…

Special Inspection: Special inspection is required in accordance with IBC 1701.

A. All concrete masonry units and reinforcing, level II, periodic.

B. Field welding. Periodic.

C. Epoxy bolts if apply. During installation.

D. Inspection of soil as noted on soil report. Periodic.

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23See Handout #1

Sample SSI Real‐World Example (cont.):

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See Handout #1

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Structural Observations IBC § 1704.6: Required when S.D.C. ‘D’ or Vasd>110mph and…

Risk Category III or IV

Height > 75 feet

S.D.C. ‘E’ and > 2 stories

If required by S.E.R.

If required by B.O.

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Structural Observations IBC § 1704.6:

Performed by the registered design professional.

Includes:

o A written statement provided to B.O. identifying the frequency and extent of the structural observations.

o A final report sent to the B.O. stating that the requisite site visits have been made and report any deficiencies that have not yet been resolved.

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27City of Los Angeles, Department of Building & Safety (LADBS), Form 08

PART 3IEBC Requirements

28International Code Council, 2015 IEBC©

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2015 IEBC IBC Chapter 34 is removed and the 2015 IEBC is now a

companion code to the IBC.

Provides more flexibility to the owner, builder and designer.

Provides multiple paths for compliance…

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2015 IEBC

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International Code Council, as published on website, v13‐05/31/17

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Special Inspections IEBC does not provide specific special inspection

requirements.

IEBC § 106.1 states that special inspection and structural observation programs must be submitted with each permit application.

IEBC § 109.3.8 further clarifies that special inspections are to be provided per the IBC.

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Special Inspections IEBC § 106: Construction Documents

Notice the difference from the IBC…

IBC: “Submittal documents consisting of construction documents, statement of special inspections, geotechnical report and other data shall be submitted in two or more sets with each application for a permit.”

IEBC: “Submittal documents consisting of construction documents, special inspection and structural observation programs, investigation and evaluation reports, and other data shall be submitted in two or more sets with each application for a permit.”

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Moved Buildings IEBC § 1302.7:

The B.O. may require a professional to inspect the various structural parts of a relocated building to verify that structural components and connections have not sustained structural damage.

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A1 – URM Bearing Walls IEBC § A105.4: Requires the following…


o To ensure conformance with approved construction documents

o Confirm conditions assumed during design

Special Inspections new construction materials

IEBC § A107.1: Re‐pointing

IEBC § A107.3: Existing wall anchors

IEBC § A107.4: New embedded bolts

IEBC § A107.5: New anchors in unreinforced masonry

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A2 – Concrete/Masonry IEBC § A205.4: Requires the following…





IEBC § A206.2: Expansion anchors are only allowed with special inspection and testing

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A3 – Cripple & Sill Plate IEBC § A304.5: Any work may be subject to special

inspection when required by the B.O.

Simpson Strong‐Tie®

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A4 – Wood Soft Stories IEBC § A406.3.4: General notes shall show the requirements

for material testing, special inspection and structural observation SSI

IEBC § A407.1: Requires the following…





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A5 – Concrete Buildings IEBC § A503.3: Requires the following…





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Performance Method The City of Pittsburg requires existing buildings evaluated in

accordance with the Performance Compliance Method of IEBC Chapter 14 to have verification as part of the SSI.

39International Code Council, 2015 ICCPC ©

PART 4ASCE 41 Requirements

40American Society of Civil Engineers, ASCE 41‐13©

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Quality Assurance ASCE 41 § 1.5.10:

Seismic retrofit work shall be checked for quality of construction and general compliance with approved plans.

QA shall conform to this section and the additional testing and inspection requirements of the building code.

Commentary: “The design professional… may find it appropriate to specify more stringent or more detailed requirements.”

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Quality Assurance Plan ASCE 41 § 1.5.10.1:

Prepared by SER and approved by AHJ

Shall identify…

o Components of work subject to QA

o Note special inspection, testing, and observation requirements

o Shall include process for modifying retrofit design to reflect unforeseen conditions

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Quality Assurance Plan ASCE 41 § 1.5.10.1:

Commentary…

o Contractor QC procedures

o Design professional QA services

• Review of contractor submittals

• Monitoring of inspection and testing reports

• Construction consultation

• Construction observation

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Quality Assurance Plan ASCE 41 § 1.5.10.2: Requirements for SER

Responsible for preparing SSI

Shall oversee the implementation of the plan

Shall review inspection and testing reports

Responsible for performing periodic structural observations

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PART 5Special Conditions

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Special Conditions Several items require special inspection, testing or structural

observations in relation to existing buildings…

Post‐installed anchors

Fiber‐Reinforced Polymers (FRP)

Re‐pointing

Member Sizes

New Shotcrete Walls

Grouting of Existing Masonry

Center‐coring of URM

…

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Simpson Strong‐Tie, SET Adhesive Anchor System, ESR‐1772, Figure 1

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Earth Retention Systems Fairfax County, VA Section 1201.3 of “Special Inspection

Program – 2012 Edition”

Provides recommendations for protecting adjacent properties, including existing public and private streets.

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Adjacent Properties

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Adjacent Properties Must determine…

Types of instruments

Accuracy of instrumentation

Rate of readings

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Adjoining Buildings

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Adjoining Buildings New York City: From 2016 Build Safe Live Safe Conference

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Adjoining Buildings Activities we should be concerned about include…

Removal of support (i.e. undermining, dewatering, alterations, demolition of attached building, out‐of‐sequence demolition, etc.)

Applying new forces (i.e. weight of additions, new equipment, soil lateral forces on underpinning, soil pressure on retaining walls due to new building, snow drift loads, etc.)

Applying movement (i.e. vibrations due to blasting or other construction, shimming during underpinning, new mechanical equipment such as turbines or generators, etc.)

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Adjoining Buildings Preconstruction survey to map deficiencies and avoid

lawsuits

Monitoring activities include…

Movement (i.e. vertical & out‐of‐plumb)

Vibration

Deterioration

Changes in water level

Shoring & temporary support

During excavation, pile driving, demolition, blasting, etc.

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Moved Structures

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Moved Structures 2014 NYC BC § 1704.20.5

Plans must include…

o Allowable deviation from horizontal plumb lines

o Type of machinery to be used

o Written sequence of operations

o Maximum weight of building to be raised and moved

o Lateral loads that need to be resisted during moving operations

o Work necessary to maintain safety and integrity of building

o Protection of pedestrians

Must provide special inspection of means and methods

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PART 6Examples

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Examples How do we create a project‐specific SSI?

FEMA 547* asks the following questions:

“Can an adequate field quality assurance program be developed to verify that in‐situ properties meet design assumptions?”

“Can a typical testing lab perform the inspection or testing or is special expertise needed?”

* Techniques for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings

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Examples Keep in mind the following:

Special cases

Fabricated items

Steel, concrete, masonry, and wood construction

Soils, deep foundations, shoring

Special Wind/Seismic

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Examples Example Projects (Risk Category II, SDC ‘D’, Vult = 115mph):

Example #1 – URM building

Example #2 – Steel moment frame building

Example #3 – Concrete tilt‐up

Example #4 – Wood construction

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Example #1 URM Building: For this example let’s consider a two‐story

URM building undergoing a seismic upgrade.

See Handout #2

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Example #1 URM Building: For this example let’s consider a three‐story

URM building undergoing a seismic upgrade.

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Federal Emergency Management Agency, FEMA 547, 2006

Example #1 URM Building (cont.):

Parapet bracing

Roof & floor ties

Wall center‐coring

Re‐pointing

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Special Inspections:

o All new construction per IBC Chapter 17.

o Post‐Installed Anchors:

• Perform inspections & tests per ICC‐ES Report

o Diaphragm Improvements:

• Verify wood faming size, species and grade

• All straps, ties and hold‐downs used to tie chords and collectors together are correct size, in correct locations and properly fastened

• Size and spacing of boundary and edge nailing

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o Center‐Coring:

• Observe drilling operations

• Verify size, grade and type of reinforcement

• Oversee grout placement and verify space is clean

• Prepare and test grout specimens

o Re‐Pointing:

• Surface preparation

• Verify type and proportions of site‐prepared mortar

• Monitor construction of mortar joints

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Structural Observations:

o Provide a condition assessment after finishes are removed to confirm conditions assumed in design.

o New foundations

o Center‐coring operations

o Wall ties

o Parapet bracing

o Diaphragm improvements

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Example #2 Steel Moment Frame Building: For this example let’s

consider the addition of steel special concentrically braced frames to an existing steel moment frame building.

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Example #2 Steel Moment Frame Building (cont.):


o All new construction per IBC Chapter 17.

o Special requirements for protected zones and demand critical welds per AISC 341.

o Visual inspection of…

• Condition of structural members and connections.

• Existing top flange, bottom flange, continuity plates and beam stiffener welds.

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Example #2 Steel Moment Frame Building (cont.):

Structural Observations:

o Provide a condition assessment after all finishes removed.

• Physical condition of all primary and secondary members

• Verification of presence and configuration of structural components and their connections and continuity of load paths

o New foundations

o New steel braced frames

o Diaphragm improvements

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Example #3 Concrete Tilt‐up Building: For this example let’s consider a

concrete tilt‐up constructed in 1975 that is undergoing a voluntary seismic upgrade in accordance with Appendix A2 of the 2015 IEBC.

All new construction per IBC Chapter 17.

New out‐of‐plane wall anchorages

Creation of new diaphragm cross‐ties

Structural observation to…

o Ensure conformance to approved plans, and…

o Confirmation of existing conditions assumed

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Example #4 Wood Construction: For this example let’s consider a wood‐

framed residence undergoing a seismic retrofit of the cripple walls and sill anchors in accordance with Appendix A3 of the 2015 IEBC.

A304.5 states that this may be performed by B.O., but…

All new construction per IBC Chapter 17.

Foundation sill plate anchorage

Cripple wall bracing

Structural observation is not listed...

o Still may be required by SER or B.O.

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Any Questions?Chris Kimball, SE, MCP, CBO

[email protected]

http://www.wc-3.com

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