Explain the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and anti-Asian immigration sentiment on

the west coast • Most Chinese immigrants to the

U.S. entered into the country on the west coast

• Originally many Chinese came to the U.S. to escape poverty & civil war in China – They helped to build the

transcontinental railroad

• By the 1870s strong opposition grew to Chinese immigration– Fear of losing jobs to Chinese laborers

Chinese Exclusion Act

• In 1882 the U.S. Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act which prohibited any further Chinese immigration for 10 years. This was in part a result of nativism

• The Act was made permanent in 1902 and was not repealed until 1943

Describe the Spanish-American War, the war in the Philippines, and the debate over American

expansionism

• Late 1800s - many Americans want to expand American power overseas – This is in reaction to European Imperialism– It continues the theme of Manifest Destiny

• In Cuba, an island controlled by the Spanish for centuries, Cuban rebels began to rise up against their Spanish rulers.

Spanish-American War

• Many Americans supported the Cuban rebels– Americans put pressure on the U.S. government to aid the rebels

and declare war on Spain

• 1898 - President McKinley declared war on Spain– Feared the destruction of American interests in Cuba– Felt mounting pressure from Congress

• The American Navy blockaded Cuba and prepared to attack the Spanish controlled Philippine Islands

Cuba

• The U.S. Army invaded Cuba in 1898

• After two weeks of fighting the Spanish surrendered Cuba and nearby Puerto Rico

• Under the treaty the U.S. would annex Puerto Rico and Guam – Cuba would be given it’s

freedom.

• Many Americans also wanted to annex the Philippines

The Philippines

• May 1898 - The U.S. Navy attacked the Spanish fleet in the Philippines – The U.S. quickly defeated the Philippines

• The U.S. then invaded the islands with the aid of Filipino rebels – The capital city of Manila was captured

• The U.S. Army however refused to recognize the new rebel government

How do you think the Filipino rebels felt about the U.S. Army?

The annexation of the Philippines

• Pro-Imperialists– Argued that annexation of the islands

would give the U.S. an economic and military advantage

• Anti-imperialists – Argued against annexation worrying

that it would cost too much to support and defend the Philippines

• 1898 - U.S. annexed the Philippines causing Filipino rebels to attack American troops

• The uprising was eventually put down, in part by the American ability to stimulate the Filipino economy and promote education and health care systems

Explain U.S. involvement in Latin America, as reflected by the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine and the

creation of the Panama Canal

Panama Canal

• President Theodore Roosevelt acquired the Panama Canal Zone in 1903 – To insure a quick

response by the U.S. Navy worldwide

• U.S. supported a revolt for Panamanian independence – In order to acquire

the area, which was part of Colombia

Panama Canal

• Why build the canal?

Roosevelt Corollary (1904)

• To expand his “big stick” policy, President Roosevelt issued the Roosevelt Corollary

• Stated that the U.S. would intervene in Latin American affairs when necessary

What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine?

How are the Roosevelt Corollary and the Monroe Doctrine connected?