eyecoloralcohol r

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Eye color predicts alcohol use in two archival samples Jonathan F. Bassett, James M. Dabbs Jr. * Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303-3083, USA Received 14 March 2000; received in revised form 26 June 2000; accepted 12 August 2000 Abstract The present study used data from two archival samples to test the hypothesis, derived from Worthy, M. (1999), Eye colour: a key to human and animal behaviour. Lincoln, Nebraska: to Exel (originally published 1974) that light-eyed individuals would be more likely than dark-eyed individuals to abuse alcohol. Sample 1 consisted of 10,860 Caucasian male prison inmates, and Sample 2 consisted of 1862 Caucasian women respondents in a national survey. In both samples, individuals with light eyes had consumed signi®cantly more alcohol than individuals with dark eyes. These results are consistent with previous ®ndings that dark- eyed people exhibit more physiological arousal and more sensitivity to some medications than light-eyed people. The results may indicate that greater sensitivity to alcohol in dark-eyed individuals prevents them from drinking the large quantities of alcohol needed for development of physical dependence. Alter- natively, greater behavioral inhibition may motivate light-eyed individuals to engage in alcohol consump- tion to achieve harm avoidance. # 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Eye color; Alcohol; Behavioral inhibition 1. Introduction Eye color is a polygenetic, partially sex-linked trait, meaning that it is controlled by multiple genes, one of which is located on the X-chromosome (Worthy, 1999). The color of the eyes is determined not by dierent pigments but by the number and size of melanin particles in the layers of the iris. More melanin makes the eyes appear darker, moving from blue to grey, green, hazel, brown, and black. Research has shown eye color to be related to domains that include percep- tion, reaction time, motor skills, personality, and physiological reactivity (Jordan, 1985). The dierences fall along a reactive-inhibited dimension, with darker eyes associated with more reac- tivity and lighter eyes associated with more inhibition. 0191-8869/01/$ - see front matter # 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. PII: S0191-8869(00)00157-4 Personality and Individual Differences 31 (2001) 535±539 www.elsevier.com/locate/paid * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-404-651-2282; fax: +1-404-651-1391. E-mail address: [email protected] (J.M. Dabbs).

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Page 1: Eyecoloralcohol R

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