Factors affected twentieth century novel

Shahad Muhammad Razan Alshehry Wed Alhalbany Seham Ali Aisha Hamid Alhanuf Uodah Fiddah Alatawy Jawaher Rewe’ey

Hind Alatawy

By :

English literature has passed through many

periods , and each period added something to or changed the period before. In our slides we will talk about Modern period and how it came , In

specific ,What factors led to changes in 20th century novels .

Introduction

Literary modernism, or modernist literature, has its

origins in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, mainly in Europe and North America, and is characterized by a self-conscious break with traditional ways of writing, in both poetry and prose fiction. This literary movement was driven by a conscious desire to overturn traditional modes of representation and express the new sensibilities of their time.

Modernism = 20th century

The year 1900 ushered a new era that changed the way that reality was perceived and portrayed. Years later this revolutionary new period would come to be known as modernism and would forever be defined as a time when artists and thinkers rebelled against every conceivable doctrine that was widely accepted by the Establishment, whether in the arts, science, medicine, philosophy, etc. Although modernism would be short-lived, from 1900 to 1930, we are still reeling from its influences sixty-five years later.

Factors affected twentieth century novel

1 -First World War

Many modernist writers were in WWI or saw first-hand

the effects of that devastating war on the people involved. One notable example is Earnest Hemingway. He and others became disillusioned about the nobility of war and traditional ideas of heroism and valor. They started to question the value of many traditional ideas including ideas about writing. They wrote in a very realistic vein and challenged their readers to discern the meaning of a story as opposed to providing a tidy ending with the theme made explicit.

1 -First World War:

2 -New Technology

By 1900 the world was a bustling place transformed by all

of the new discoveries, inventions and technological achievements that were being thrust on civilization: electricity, the combustion engine, the incandescent light bulb, the automobile, the airplane, radio, X-rays, fertilizers and so forth. These innovations revolutionized the world . Man now became literally energized by all of these scientific and technological innovations and, more important, felt a rush emanating from the feeling that he was invincible, that there was no stopping him , which

was obvious in their novels.

2 -New Technology :

3 -The appearance of philosophical theoreticians

Several philosophical theoreticians were to change the

way that modern man perceives the external world, particularly in their refutation of the Newtonian principle that reality was an absolute, unquestionable entity divorced from those observing it. The first to do so was F. H. Bradley, who considered that the human mind is a more fundamental feature of the universe than matter and that its purpose is to search for truth

3 -The appearance of philosophical theoreticians:

4 -Politics and the economy

Politics and the economy would also transform the way that

modern man looked at himself and the world in which he lived. Science and technology were radically changing the means of production. Whereas in the past, a worker became involved in production from beginning to end, by 1900 he had become a mere cog in the production line, making an insignificant contribution. Thus, division of labor made him feel fragmented, alienated not only from the rest of society but from himself. One of the effects of this fragmentation was the consolidation of workers into political parties that threatened the upper classes. And, thus, the new political idealism that was to culminate in the Russian Revolution that swept through Europe.

4 -Politics and the economy:

5 -Women’s Role

During the 20th century women gained equal rights with men.

Technological and economic changes made it inevitable that women would be given the same rights as men.

 Jobs for women in the 20th century were cotton mills, nurses, teachers, some also worked in factories. The changes in roles of women reflected American attitudes toward them by laws being passed, newly developed technologies, and in society. The women are represented as something we want and desire. They are all endorsing a brand with there beauty and style.

5 -Women’s Role:

6 -Religion

As if the peoples' minds woke up from a stupor ,they

started to quotation their life elements and intensely their religious ones .The modernism extracted lots of the people from their blinded beliefs and planted them into skepticism in Christianity. Finally, the people are no longer involved into spirituality matters but into intellectual matters.

6 -Religion

Conclusion:

We have mentioned 6 main factors that led to changes in twentieth century novels , but they are not the only reasons ,

since behind any great movement a lot of causes . As we know the modern period has been a period of significant development in the fields of science, politics, warfare, and technology. It has also been an age of discovery and globalization.

Finally , after all these changes in the world , and how these changes change human beings’ mind , Do you think this movement was good or not , in other words , Which era do you prefer ? ( the Victorian Era or the Modern era )

THE END

With all love