fiscal vs. monetary. fiscal policy 1) taxes and spending -raise taxes, cut spending -cut taxes and...

Fiscal Vs. Monetary

Fiscal Policy 1) Taxes and Spending-raise taxes, cut spending-cut taxes and raise spending

Video: In Plain EnglishHow does the fed work?

http://www.stlouisfed.org/education_resources/in-plain-english-video/

12 Reserve Banks

Monetary Policy1) Reserve Ratio2) Discount Rate3) Open Market Operations (BONDS)

The role of the Fedto take away the punch bowl as the party gets going

Reserve Ratio1) Example-in class-change in fractional reserveVideo http://www.criticalcommons.org/Members/AdrianFohr/clips/beavis-and-butthead-teach-monetary-velocity/view

The Discount RateThe Discount Rate is the interest rate that the FED charges commercial banks. Example:If Banks of America needs $10 million, they borrow it from the U.S. Treasury (which the FED controls) but they must pay it bank with 3% interest.

To increase the Money supply, the FED should ____decrease__ the Discount Rate (Easy Money Policy).To decrease the Money supply, the FED should ___increase__ the Discount Rate (Tight Money Policy).

Monetary OperationsOpen Market Operations is when the FED buys or sells government bonds (securities). This is the most important and widely used monetary policyTo increase the Money supply, the FED should __BUY_______ government securities.To decrease the Money supply, the FED should ___SELL______ government securities.