flexigas symposium 20130415 dmt - jort langerak
TRANSCRIPT
Biogas opwaarderen met het DMT-Carborex®-MS systeem:
Volgende generatie biogas opwaarderen met behulp van zeer selectieve gasscheidingsmembranen
J.Langerak M.Sc., Procesingenieur
DMT Environmental Technology
Stof %
Methaan, CH4 45-75
Koolstofdioxide, CO2 25-45
Koolstofmonoxide, CO 0-0,3
Stikstof, N2 1-15
Water, H2O verzadigd
Waterstofsulfide, H2S 0,1-0,5
Zuurstof, O2
Siloxanen, R2SiO, terpenensporen
Waarom biogas opwaarderen?
Vergister
Gas behandeling(ontzwaveling)
Gasbehandeling(opwaarderen)
Groen gas(CBG: Compressed BioGas)
Mobiliteit
Stroom 40%
Warmte 60%
Warmte-krachtkoppeling
gas net
Op grotere schaal toegepaste technieken
• Druk wissel absorptie (PSA)- complex/ hoge operationele kosten+ N2 verwijdering
• Katalytische absorptie - de chemicaliën en warmte die nodig is+ zeer laag methaan verlies
• Cryogenic liquefaction.- complex/ duur/ nog geen bewezen technologie/ lage energie efficiëntie+ vloeibaar CO2
• Membraan separatie- Bij grote schaal (10-20%)+ Eenvoudig systeem
• Druk water wassing- hoge kolommen+ Geen chemicaliën nodig, eenvoudig systeem, hoge energie efficiëntie
Groot eis vs klein eis
• PWS: Pressurized Water Scrubbing– High energy efficiency– Low investment and operational cost– Low methane slip (but still oxidizable)– Robust system– Most flexible system– No chemicals
ISET 09-09-2009
• >90% of possible biogas production sites are <200m3/hr.• 60-80% of possible biogas capacity is from small scale site.• 50-200Nm3 biogas equals 35-150 l diesel
=> 170.000-1.450.000 euro/a
Why Small-scale biogas upgrading
Membraan scheiding
Klein schalig:
Strong Weak
• Becoming energy producer instead of user• Combination with CHP for total energy
independence• Plug and play• Low running costs• Easy to use• Compact unit which is easy to transport• Biogas replaces fossil fuels• Awareness of global warming among people and
companies
• Constant sales or usage necessary• Very case and situation depended• CBG is hard &expensive to store• Need to switch (adapt) to gas running engines• Big investment step when looking to the total chain.
(digester/ upgrading/ storage /dispenser/ adaption)• Does not fulfill Swedish gas standards• Transport and low storage of gas• Not be able to inject on gas grid
DMT-Carborex®-MS
Biogas CH4
CO2
Membrane separation
Multi stage
Stage 1 Stage 2
Stage 3
Compressor
Mix vat
QI2
QI1
PC1
PC2
Demonstration and R&D plant at ACCRES
Pilot plant:
– 50m3/hr– Fuel station – Flexibility in:
– Membranes– Stage configuration– Pressure (per stage)– Temperature (per stage)
Full-scale plant at Poundbury
– 650m3/hr– Gas-to-Grid– 40 ft container– Compressor– Propane injection– H2S filter
The Poundbury project
2.5 minutes stable/ on spec
Gasflow
CO2
CH4 slip
Pressure
And stays stable....30 minutes 100% stable
DMT-Carborex®-MS control
MS PWS
Commissioning (weeks) 1-2 8
Optimisation (weeks) 3 12
Maintenance Low Medium
Ease of control Low Medium
Robustness (Up time in %) 98+ 96
Ramp-up/start 2 minutes 2 hours
Flexibility (Gas fluctuation allowed in %) 0-100 50-100
Accuracy of control Calorific value/wobbe ± 0,1% ± 1%
Operational comparison PWS/MS
Operational comparison PWS/MSMS PWS
Engergy consumption (kWh/Nm3) 0,20 0,23
Methane slip (%) <0,5 1
O2 removal ± 50-70% negative (± 0,1 v/v%)
CO2 in Biomethane 0,5-1,5 1-3
Required propane addition 3-5 4-7
Energy recovery (%) 98 96
Chemical use - Water
Waste stream CO2 99,5% CO2 (10-15%)
Conclusions• Large scale biogas upgrading with PWS• Large potential for small scale sites.• Small scale biogas upgrading with MS• Cheap, robust, simple and high energy
conversion• Short payback periods• Small scale biogas upgrading is the
future
Conclusions
For large flows (thousands of Nm3/h)
Lowest Opex/Capex
For small/medium flows most economic system (Lowest Opex/Capex)
Superior performance
Plug and play
Leading technology: “Future” technology:
“Biogas upgrading with
the DMT-Carborex®-MS system”
Utilizing green gas to the full potential
J. Langerak M.Sc. , Process engineer
DMT Environmental Technology
Pilot plant onderzoek
Flexigas Thema C
Decentraal gasopwerking
Pilot plant research:- Ontzwaveling - Methaanverwijdering
Small scale
René van der KloetIvem student Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
René van der KloetStudent Energy and Environmental Sciences
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CH4 Pilot Testen- Verlagen methaan emissies ivm broeikasgas (23x CO2)
- Interessant voor DMT:PWS : lage methaan in grote luchtstroom
MS: lage methaan in grote CO2 stroom
- Pilot Plant testen Groningen
- Biologische CH4 verwijdering
35
• Micro organismen (bacteriën)
• Inert packing
• Grote porositeit
• Groot contactoppervlak
• Energieverbruik laag
• Efficient
Biologische Methaan Verwijdering
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Pilot Plant onderzoek
Technische haalbaarheid nieuw type pakketmateriaal DMT-HS
- Fijner pakketmateriaal
- Meer oppervlakte per volume eenheid
- meer bacterien per volume eenheid
- hoge CH4 verwijdering per volume eenheid
- Kleinere installatie = goedkoper en makkelijker
- small-scale biogasopwaarderen Flexigas
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Pilot Plant schematisch
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Pilot Plant
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Pilot Plant - besturing
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Resultaten
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Resultaten
Literatuur: EC’s 35 mogelijk, 50% pakketmateriaal benut
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Resultaten
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Resultaten
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Resultaten
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Results
EC’s up to 35 are possible according to theory.
Pilot measured EC 20 - 25
Doubling the EC (due to 50% PM used by bacteria) will give EC’s 40 - 50.