Đelta, Ϯhe Ɓio-Ϯech Łab

Ɓio-Ƒoliar Ƒertilizer ҎroductsPresent

by

Damrong Charles PHOMDOUANGSY (Ph. D in Food Science)

(Senior Environmental Advisor)

Strengthening Environment Management Project - Phase IIMinistry of Natural Resource and Environment /Sida, 2008-2011

Contact: sudamrong.laos@yahoo.com

Tel: +856-020-55718714

Foliar feeding ແມນຫຽງ?• Foliar feeding : ແມນການໃຊເຕກນກການໃຫອາຫານທາງໃບແກ

ຕນພດ ໂດຍການຊດພນ ຝນທເປນທາດແຫວ ໃສໃບພດຂອງພດໂດຍກງ.

• ເຕກນກດງກວາເພນໃດຄນພບແຕຫາຍໆ ປຜານມາ ໂດຍຮວາໃບພດສາມາດດດຊບເອາທາດອາຫານເຂາທາງໃບກງ ໂດຍຜານ ປາກຂອງໃບ ຢາງວອງໃວ ( the stomata of the leaves) ແລະຜານ the epidermis . ທາດອາຫານສວນຊມຊບ ຜານເຂາສ ລະບບຫາຍໃຈຂອງໃບ ແຕສວນຫາຍທສດແມນເຂາສ ຜວຊນນອກຂອງໃບ (epidermis) ຫ ຈລງ ປກຄມດານນອກ ຂອງປາກໃບ .

ປະຕບດການກບ Effective microorganism (EM)ເພອສະກດ ກດ ອາມໂນ

R-group of 20 Amino Acids Using Micro-Saturated + 2M for extracting

Amino Acids from Agro-Forest Products

Delta, the Bio-Tech Products 2011-2012

ການເຮດວຽກຂອງ¥÷ìò-§ó-ຈລນຊມ 2 ປະເພດ:

• ¯½-À²©-ªÉº¤¡¾-ນº¾¡¾©( Aerobic Bacteria)• ¯½-À²©-®Ò-ªÉº¤¡¾-ນº¾¡¾©(Anaerobic Bacteria) ¥÷ìò-§ó-êñ¤-¦º¤-¡÷È -š-ªÈ¾¤-²¤²¾-º¾-Ħ-§ˆ-¤-¡ñນÁìະກນ Áì½ ¦¾´¾©-µøÈ-»È¸ -¡ñ-Ä©É. ¥¾¡-¡¾ນ-ຄ ນ-ຄວາ©„¤¡È¾¸ - Äດນ-¿-Àºö¾-¥÷ລນ-§ó-ê†-Ä©É-»ñ®- ¡¾ນ-£ñດເລອກµÈ¾¤-©ó, ¥¾¡-ê¿-´½-§¾©-ê†- ó¯½-¹¨©-ªÒ²õ©, ¦ñ© -Áì½ ¦…¤-Á¸©-ìɺ -´¾-츴ກນ 5 ¡÷È´ ( Families) ,10 ¥ó-ນສ ( Geniues) 80 ຊະນດ-(Spicies) Ä©É-Á¡È:

ການເຮດວຽກຂອງ¥÷ìò-§ó-

• ¡÷È´-ê† 1: Àປນ -²¸¡¡÷È´-À§œº-ì¾-ê†-´ó-À¦ນ-Ĩ (Filamentousfungi)- À»ñ©-Îɾ-ê†-Àປນ -ªö -À설¡¾ນ Ⱥ¨¦½ ;¨¦¾´¾©-ສາງ ປະຕກລຍາ ຫ ດາລງຊວດ -Ä© ດ ó-Ã-¦½ຖານ-ê†-ê†-´ó-ºº¡-§ó-Àຈນ ´óຄນ ¦ö´®ñ©-ªÉ¾ê¾ນ-£¸¾´ຮອນ-Ä©É-©ó ໂດຍ ö¡¡½ªò- ໄດແກກມເຊອລາທໃຊ ເປນ -¹ö -À§œº-°½ìò©-ÀÍí¾, ຝນ-®‰´ -Áì½ ອນÅ

Photosynthetic microorganisms

• ¡÷È -ê† 2: ເປນ -¡÷È -¥÷ìò-§ó-¥¿-²¸¡-¦ñ¤-À£¾½-Á¦¤ (photosynthetic microorganisms)- À»ñ©Îɾ-ê†-¦ñ¤-À£¾½-¦¾-ນºò-§ó-ùÉ-Á¡È-©ò À§„: -Ä-ªເຈນ(N2), ¡ö©-º½ ò-Âນ(Amino acids),ນÕª¾ (sugar)

• ¸ò-ª½ມນ (vitamins), »º¡-´ນ(hormones) Áì½ ອນÅ -À²º-¦É¾¤-£¸¾ -¦ö´®ø-ນùÉ-Á¡È-ດນ.

Zynogumins or Femented microorganisms

• ¡÷È -ê† 3: Àປນ -¡÷È -¥÷ìò-§ó-ê†-ħÉ-Ãນ -¡¾ນ-®‰´ (Zynogumins or Femented microorganisms) -À»ñ©-Îû¾-ê†-À¯ñ-ªö¸-¡½-ª÷É-ນùÉ-©ò-ªÉ¾ê¾ນ -²½¨¾© (Diseases resistant) Áì½ ºˆÅ-. À¢í¾-¦øÈ-¸ö¤-¥º-¡¾-¨Èº -¦½Í¾¨-Ä©É-©ó- §È¸¨-ÍЩ-¡¾-ນ²ñ¤-ê½ì¾-¨¢º¤-ດນ,¯Éº¤-¡ñ-²½¨¾© -Áì½ -Á´¤-Ä É-¦ñ©ªø¢º¤-²õ©-®¾¤-ຊະນດ¢º¤-²õ© -Áì½ ¦¾´¾©-®¿®ñ©-ມນ-ì½-²ò©-Ãນນ-Õ-À¦¨-ê†-À¡ó©-¥¾¡-¦…¤-Á¸©-ìɺ -Àປນ-²ò©-ªÈ¾¤Å Ä©É.

Nitrogen fixing microorganizism

Algae bacteira• ¡÷È -ê† 4: À¯ñ-ນ¡÷È -¥÷ລນ-§ó-¥¿²¸¡-¡ñ¡-

Äນ -ª-À¥ñ (nitrogen fxing microorganisms) ó-êñ¤-²¸¡-À¯ñນ -¦¾ຫú¾¨ (Algae) Áì½ ²¸¡-Á®¡-êó-Àë¨ (Bacteria) -À»ñ©Îɾ-ꆡñ¡ ¡¾©-Äນ -ª-À¥ນ¥¾¡-º¾¡¾©-À²º-ùÉ-©òນ-°½ìò©-¦¾-ê†-À¯ñ¯½-¹ -©ªÒ-¡¾ນ -Àªó®-ùȨ-À§ນ „: -¯ùªóນ (protein), ¡ö©-ອນ -§ó

• ( organic acids) , ¡ö©-Ä¢ມນ(Fatty acids), Á¯É¤ (Starch or Carbohydrates) »º¡-´ນ ( hormones), ¸òª¾ມນ(vitamins) Áì½ ອນÅ.

Lactic Bacteria• ¡÷È´-ê† 5: : : : ເປນ -¡ú÷´¥÷ລນ -§ó-²¸¡-¦É¾¤-¡ö©-Áì©-ªò¡

(lactic acids) ´ó-¯½¦ò©êò²¾®-Ãນ -¡¾-ນªÉ¾ນ -À§œº-ì¾ -Áì½ -Á®-©êó-Àë¨ê†-ເປນ -ໂທດ ¦È¸ນ -ùȨ-À¯ñ-ນ¥÷ìò-ນ§ó-®Ò-ªÉº¤-¡¾-ນº¾¡¾©-¹¾¨-Ã¥- À»ñ©-Îɾ-ê†-¯È¼-ນ¦½´ñ©-ª½²¾®-©ò-ນໃນການເນາ-À¯ˆº¨ Íõ ດນ -ê†-¡Ò-²½¨¾© ແລະ-ùÉ- Àປນດນ -ê†-ªÉ¾ນê¾ນ -²½¨¾©§È¸¨-ÍЩ¥¿-ນວນ¥÷ìò-§ó-ê†-ເປນ¦¾-À¹©-¢º¤-²½¨¾©-ພດ ê†-´ó-¥¿ນວນນ ບ -Á¦ນ - ¹ùõ ùÉ-Ïö©-į; ນº¡¥¾¡ນ -š-¨ñ¤-§ú¸¨¨Èº¨-¦½Íາຍເປອກເມດພນ-ພດ §È¸¨-ùÉ-²õ©-À¡ó©-ºº¡-Ä©É-©ó Áì½ -Á¢¤-Á»¤-¡ Ⱦ¯ö¡¡½ª

• Japan -- Kurita Water Industries, Ltd. has

developed a new biological nitrogen removal

process which uses denitrifying microorganisms

known as ANAMMOX (ANAerobic AMMonium Oxidation) microorganisms.

ການເຮດວຽກຂອງ¥÷ìò-§ó- (ຕ)• ¡÷È -ê† 4: Àປນ -¡÷È -¥÷ìò-ນ§ó-¥¿²¸¡-¡ñ¡-Ä-ນª-À¥ນ (nitrogen fxing

microorganisms) ó-êñ¤-²¸¡-Àປນ¦¾Íú¾¨ (Algae) Áì½ ²¸¡-Á®¡-êó-Àë¨(Bacteria) -À»ñ©Îɾ-ꆡñ¡ ¡¾©-Ä-ນª-À¥ນ¥¾¡-º¾¡¾©-À²º-ùÉ-©ò-°½ìò©-¦¾-ê†-Àປນ-¯½-¹¨-©ªÒ-¡¾-Àªó®-Ã¹È -À§„: -¯ùຕນ (protein), ¡ö©-ºò-§óນ ( organic acids) ,¡ö©-Ä¢ມນ (Fatty acids), Á¯É¤ (Starch or Carbohydrates) »º¡-´ນ ( hormones), ¸òª¾ມນ(vitamins) Áì½ ອນÅ.

• ¡÷È -ê† 5: : : : Àປນ¡ú÷´¥÷ລນ-§ó-²¸¡-¦É¾¤-¡ö©-Áì©-ªò¡ ( lactic acids) ó-¯½¦ò©êò²¾®-Ãນ-¡¾-ນªÉ¾ນ-À§œº-ì¾ -Áì½ -Á®-©êó-Àë¨ê†-Àປນໂທດ ¦È¸-ùȨ-Àປນ-¥÷ìò-§ó-®Ò-ªÉº¤-¡¾ນ-º¾¡¾©-¹¾¨-Ã¥- À»ñ©-Îɾ-ê†-¯È¼-ນ¦½ ñ©-ª½²¾®-©ò-ນÀນ‰¾-À¯º¨ Íõ ດນ -ê†-¡Ò-²½¨¾©-ùÉ- À¯ñ-ນດນ-ê†-ªÉ¾ê¾-²½¨¾©§È¸ -ÍЩ¥¿¸-¥÷ìò-ນ§ó-ê†-ເປນ¦¾-À¹©-¢º¤-²½¨¾©-ພດ ê†-ó-¥¿¸-ñ®-Á¦- ¹ùõ ùÉ-Ïö©-įº¡¥¾¡-š- ñ¤-§ú¸¨ Ⱥ¨-¦½Í¾ --Àປອ¡À ñ©-ພນ-ພດ

§È¸¨-ùÉ-²õ©-À¡ó©-ºº¡-Ä©É-©ó Áì½ -Á¢¤-Á»¤-¡¸È¾¯ö¡¡½ªòºó¡.

ອາຫານພດ ຫ ປຍນາຊວະພາກ ແດນຕາ I ສດເລງການຈະເລນເຕບໂຕຂອງພດ

Delta I for leave and root growth

Delta I 4 cc per 1 liter of water

Used Delta I 1 cc mixed with Water 4 liters and

spray every 15 days to Cassava

Easy use for Rooting and Cutting

Delta I mixed with water 1/1000

for rooting cutting

5% lost only

Ready for potting

Culturing Lactic Bacteria to prevent

diseases in soils

Prevent diseases in Vegetation

Suitable for Rooting Cutting in

Large Scale

Suitable for Rooting Cutting in

Large Scale

Suitable for Rooting Cutting in

Large Scale

Can be used for hydroponic

cultivations

ອາຫານພດ ຮໂມນ ຫ ປຍນາຊວະພາກ ແດນຕາ II ສດເລງການຈດອກ-ໜາກຈບດກ

Organic foliar feedings ການໃຫສານອາຫານອນຊທາງໃບ

• Some spray products are stimulators rather than feeders. They work by

stimulating plant growth and flower/fruit production by increasing

photosynthesis in the foliage, increasing the movement of fluids and energy

within the plant, increasing root exudates and microbiotic activity in the soil at

the root zone, and increasing the uptake of nutrients from the soil through the

root hairs. In other words, foliar feeding can provide missing or “locked up”

elements as well as stimulate all of the natural systems in the plant and in the

soil. The end result is bigger, stronger, healthier plants with increased drought,

insect, and disease resistance.

• ການໃຫອາຫານທາງໃບ ແກຕນພດ ແມນມຜນໃນການເພມອດຕາການເຕບໂຕດກວາການໃຫອາຫານທວໄປ. ການໃຫອາຫານ ທາງໃບ ແມນເລງໃຫ ພດເຕບໃຫຍໃວ/ເພມໜາກຜນຜະລດ ແລະເຮດໃຫການສງເຄາະແສງດຂນ, ເຮດໃຫພດມການຕນຕວ ດຊບສານອາຫານແລະ ພະລງງານໃນພດຫາຍຂນ, ເພມການຢດຕວຂອງຮາກ ແລະ ຊວຍໃຫຈລນຊ ໃນດນໂດຍສະເພາະຂອບເຂດຮາກມປະຕກລຍາ, ເພມການດດຊມເອາທາດອາຫານຈາກພນດນຜານຮາກ. ອກດານໜງ ການໃຫອາຫານທາງໃບນຈະຊວຍເສມສາງທາດອາຫານ ທດນບສາມາດສະໜອງໃຫພດໄດ “locked up” ໃນພອມດຽວກນນນ ສານອາຫານຊວພາກ ກຍງ ຟນລະບບທາມະຊາດ ແລະລະບບນເວດຊອງພດ ໃນທາມະຊາດ. ຜນທໃດຮບຄ ພດຈະເລນເຕບໂຕຂນ, ແຂງແຮງຂນ, ທນທານຕຄວາມແຫງແລງ, ທນທານຕອນຫະພມຕາໄດໃນລະດບໜງ, ມຄວາມຕານທານຕສດຕພດ.

Organic foliar feedings ການໃຫສານອາຫານອນຊທາງໃບ

• When food crops or ornamentals have a chlorotic symptom (yellow leaves with green veins) resulting from lack of iron, magnesium or other soil elements, spraying the foliage with a chelated product can create a greening improvement within a few days. Organic products have natural chelating abilities. Plants need green foliage to be able to produce food through the process of photosynthesis where sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide combine in the leaves to produce sugars and carbohydrates to feed the plant.

• ເມອເວລາພດມອາການຂາດສານອາຫານ (ມໃບເປນສເຫອງ ກບແກນຈລງທມສຂຽວ) ທເກດຈາກການຂາດທາດເຫກ, ແມກນຊາຽມ ແລະ ທາດອງ ປະກອບຕາງໆຂອງດນ. ການສດພນດວຍຜນຜະລດຕະພນ ອະນຊ (chelated Product)ຈະຊວຍປບປງໃບພດໃຫຂຽວຂນໃນເວລາ ສອງສາມວນ; ຜະລດຕະພນອນຊນຈະມ natural chelating abilities ພດມຄວາມສາມາດ ປງແຕງຢໃບຂຽວ ໂດຍຜານຂະບວນການສງເຄາະແສງ ໂດຍນາໃຊ ແສງຕາເວນ, ນາ ແລະ ຄາບອນໄດອອກໄຊ (CO2) ເພອຜະລດນາຕານ ແລະ ທາດແປງໃຫເປນອາຫານໃຫພດນນເອງ.

• Young foliage seems to absorb nutrients better than old, hard foliage. Therefore, foliar feeding is most effective during the periods of new growth on plants.

• ໃບທຍງອອນເຫນວາສາມາດດດຊມທາດອາຫານໃດດກວາໃບແກ. ດງນນການໃຫອາຫານທາງໃບທມປະສດທພາບທສດ ຄເວລາທພດເຕບໂຕໃໝ ມຍອດ ແລະໃບອອນ.

ການນາໃຊຝນນາຊວະພາກສດພນເຂາທາງໃບFOLIAR APPLIED FERTILIZER

• Foliar Fertilization is the most efficient way to increase yield and plant health. Tests have shown that foliar feeding can increases yields from 12% to 25% when compared to conventional fertilization.

• Tests, conducted in different locations, under different environmental conditions, have reflected the following;

• When fertilizers are foliar applied, more that 90% of the fertilizer is utilized by the plant. When a similar amount is applied to the soil, only 10 percent of it is utilized.

• In the sandy loam, foliar applied fertilizers are up to 20 times more effective when compared to soil applied fertilizers.

• Foliar feeding is an effective method for correcting soil deficiencies and overcoming the soil’s inability to transfer nutrients to the plant under low moisture conditions.

• ການໃຫອາຫານພດທາງໃບເປນທາງເລອກໃໝ ທມປະສດທຜນສງສດ ໃນການເພມຜນຜະລດ ແລະ ສາງຄວາມແຂງແຮງໃຫແກພດ. ຈາກການທດລອງ ສະແດງໃຫເຫນວາ ການໃຫອາຫານສດພນເຂາທາງໃບ,ສາມາດເພມຜນຜະລດສງເຖງ 12% ຫາ 25% ເມອສມທຽບກບການໃຊຝນເຄມ ແລະ ຝນທວໆໄປໃນປະລມານດຽວກນ.

• ການທດລອງໄດປະຕບດໃນພນທຕາງກນ, ສະພາບແວດລອມທແຕກຕາງກນ ໃດສະແດງໃຫເຫນດງຕໄປນ:

• ການນາໃຊ ຝນນາຊວະພາກສດພນເຂາທາງໃບ ໃຫແກພດ ປະກດວາ ພດສາມາດຊມຊບສານອາຫານໃປໃຊໄດ ສງເຖງ 90%. ແຕກງກນຂາມ ການໃຫຝນເຄມ ແລະ ຝນອນໆ ພດສາມາດດດຊມໄປໃຊໄດ ພຽງແຕ10%.

• ໃນສະພາວະ ດນຊາຍແກມຕມ ແລະ ດນຊາຍລວນໆ, ການນາໃຊຝນນາຊວະພາກຊດພນທາງໃບ ຈະເຫນໄດວາ ປະສດທຜນ ເພມຂນ 20 ເທອ ເມອທຽບກບການນາໃຊຝນເຄມ.

• ການໃຫອາຫານພດທາງໃບເປນວທທມປະສດທພາບໃນການແກໃຂບນຫາດນທຂາດຄວາມອດມສມບນແລະ ດນທບມຄວາມສາມາດ ຖາຍໂອນທາດອາ ຫານພາຍໃຕເງອນໃຂທຄວາມຊມຊນຕາ.

ປະສດທພາບຂອງອາຫານທາງໃບThe effectiveness of foliar

• The effectiveness of foliar applied nutrients is determined by (1) The condition of the leaf surface, in particular the waxy cuticle. The cuticle is only partially permeable to water and dissolved nutrients and, as a result, it can limit nutrient uptake. (2) The length of time the nutrient remains dissolved in the solution on the leaf's surface. (3) Diffusion, the movement of elements from a high concentration to a low concentration. For diffusion to occur, the nutrient must dissolve, and (4) The type of formulation. Water-soluble formulations generally work better for foliar applications as they are more easily absorbed when compared to insoluble solutions.

• ປະສດທພາບຂອງການນາໃຊຝນຊວະພາກສດພນເຂາທາງໃບ ແມນສະແດງໃຫເຫນຜນດງນ: (1) ສະພາບພນຜວໜາຂອງໃບ , ໂດຍສະເພາະ ພາກສວນ ຈລງປກຄມໜາໃບ (ຜວໜາເຄອບຂອງໃບ). ຜວໜາຂອງໃບ ເປນພຽງພາກສວນໜງທນາແລະ ສານອາຫານຊມຜານ, ສາມາດລະລາຍສານອາຫານ ແລະ ເກບກກທາດອາຫານ (2) ສານອາຫານຄອຍໆຈາງຫາຍໄປໃນພນຜວຂອງໃບ ແມນຕອງໃຊເວລາໄລຍະໃດໜງໃນຂະບວນການສງເຄາະແສງ ແລະ ການປງແຕງໃຫເປນສານອາຫານທຕນພດຕອງການ (3) ການກະຈາຍຕວ, ການເຄອນຕວຂອງອງປະກອບຕາງໆ ຈາກ ບອນທມຄວາມເຂມຂນສງຫາ ບອນທຄວາມເຂມຂນຕາ , ສາລບປະກດການນແມນການສງຄຽນສານອາຫານທຈາເປນຕພດ (4) ສດສານອາຫານ ຫ ຝນນາຊວະພາກ ທໃຊສດພນເຂາທາງໃບ, ໂດຍທວໄປຈະມປະສດທຜນສງ ກຕເມອ ມການຄດໄລ ແລະ ການດສດສານອາຫານທເໝາະສມຕພດນນໆ ໂດຍສະເພາະການການດ ກດອາມໂນແລະ ສານອາຫານທຈາເປນໃນ 16 ທາດ ທມຄວາມຕອງການແຕກຕາງກນ. ເວາລວມແລວ ການນາໃຊຝນນາຊວະພາກ ທພດສາມາດນາໃປໃຊໂດຍທນທແມນດກວານາໃຊສານອາຫານທຍງບລະລາຍໃນນາ.

Foliar Feeding:ການໃຫອາຫານພດທາງໃບ• Foliar feeding has been used since 1844

when it was discovered that plant nutrients

could be leached from leaves by rain.

Experiments soon proved that nutrients

could also enter the plant through the

foliage. It’s still somewhat of a mystery as

to just exactly how the nutrients enter the

plant through the foliage – but it is known

and agreed that it works and works quickly.

For something further to think about, there

is also evidence that nutrients can be

absorbed through the bark of trees. Spray

away! Foliar feeding will increase the

storage life of food crops. It will also

increase cold and heat tolerance. Less is

usually better in foliar sprays. Light,

regularly applied sprays are better than

heavy, infrequent blasts. Mists of liquids

are better than big drops, unless you are

also trying to control pests.

• ການໃຫອາຫານພດທາງໃບນແມນໃດຖກນາໃຊມາຕງແຕປ 1844 ເມອມການຄນພບວາສານອາຫານຂອງພດອາດຖກສະລາງອອກດວຍນາຝນ. ການທດລອງເມອບດນມານໃດສະແດງໃຫເຫນວາສານອາຫານສາມາດເຂາໃນພດໃດໂດຍຜານໃບ. ສງນຍງເປນບາງສງທລກລບຢໃນຄວາມສາມາດໃຫອາຫານພດທາງໃບ ແຕ ມນກເປນທຮຈກວາການໃຫອາຫານພດທາງໃບແມນໃດຜນ ແລະ ໃດຜນໄວ. ສາລບບາງຢາງທຕອງຄດຕໄປ, ແຕມນກເປນຫກຖານທເຮດໃຫຮວາສານອາຫານສາມາດດດຊມໃດຜານເປອກຂອງຕນໄມ. ການໃຫອາຫານທາງໃບແກພດຈະຊວຍເພມການເກບຮກສາຂອງພດ ແລະ ຊວຍເພມພມຕານທານຕອາດໜາວ ແລະ ຮອນ. ການ ສດ ອາຫານ ພດ ເບາໆ ຈະ ດ ກວາ ການ ສດ ພນ ໃສແຮງໆ, ສດ ດນໆ ເທອໜງ. ການ ສດ ໃຫ ເປນ ເມດ ຝອຍໆ ຈະ ດ ກວາ ການ ສດ ພນ ເປນເມດໃຫຽ, ນອກນນຍງສາມາດດ ຄວບ ຄມ ສດຕ ພດ ໄປພອມໆກນ

ສາດສະດາຈານ T.S. Osborne ນກກະເສດສາດ ມະຫາວທະຍາໄລ Tennessee

University of Tennessee - Prof. T.S. Osborne, Agronomist

"... research indicated that only 10 to 12 per

cent of phosphorus fertilizers as taken up by

plants in the first year; the rest was "locked in"

the soil or washed away. Fertilizer applied to

soil is largely wasted because it is either bound

by soil particles or is washed out of the root

zone. If chemical elements could go directly

into leaves and bypass the wastefulness of

soils, a tremendous saving would result.”

“... the foliage of plants can take in nutrients

much as roots can. Many nutrients are readily

taken up by foliage, including bark of dormant

trees; even at temperatures below

freezing. Elements such as phosphorus,

nitrogen, and potassium move both up and

down from the point of application at rates

similar to those following root absorption."

“…ຈາກຜນງານການຄນຄວາຂອງມະຫາວທະ ຍາໄລTennessee ໂດຍສາດສະດາຈານ T.S. Osborne, ນກກະເສດສາດ ໄດຊໃຫເຫນວາພດສາມາດນາໃຊທາດຟດສຟຣດ (P) ຢໃນປຍເຄມ ໄດພຽງແຕ 10 -12%. (ໃນຄງທາອດເທານນ).ຝນເຄມສວນໃຫຍທນາໃຊກບພດສວນໃຫຍແມນຖກສະລາງອອກຈາກຂອບເຂດຮາກພດ. ຖາຫາກວາສານເຄມດງກາວ ແລະອະນພາກອນໆສາມາດເຂາຫາໃບພດໂດຍກງຈະເປນປະໂຫຍດຍງໃຫຍຫວງ ໃຫແກການກະເສດ.”

“…ໃບພດ ກສາມາດສາມາດດດຊມອາຫານໃດດຄກນກບຮາກ.,ເປອກ ແລະ ລາຕນ ແລະພາກສວນອນໆ ຂອງຕນພດ ສາມາດຊມຊບເອາບນດາສານອາຫານຫາຍໆຊະນດມານາໃຊໃດຢາງງາຍດາຍ ແມນແຕໃນເງອນໄຂອນຫະ ພມຕາກວາຈດກາມແຂງ.ເຊນ: ຟດສຟຣດ (P), ໄນໂຕຣເຈນ (N), ແລະ ໂປຕາດຊຽມ (K) ສາມາດເຄອນສານອາຫານຂນລງຄກບການດດຊມເອາຂອງຮາກ.”

ມະຫາວທະຍາໄລ Michigan ດຣ. Witter and Turkey ໃດອາງເຖງວາລະສານ Digest

University of Michigan - Drs. Witter and Turkey as quoted in Readers Digest

magazine

"... leaves lap up food like blotting paper and it spreads in a few hours from tip to root. In many cases, as much as 95 percent of the food sprayed on the leaves is used immediately by the plant, where under some conditions, the roots take up no more than 10 percent of the same amount placed in the soil."

“…ໃບພດສາມາດດດຊບເອາອາຫານຄກບການຊມຊບຂອງເຈຍແລະ ກະຈາຍທາດອາຫານຈາກປາຍສດລງມາຫາຮາກເຫງາ ໃນເວລາສນໆ ( ບເທາໃດຊວໂມງ). ໂດຍທວໄປແລວການສດພນສານອາຫານເຂາທາງໃບແມນຖກພດນາໃຊໃນທນທສງເຖງ 95% , ກລະນດງກາວ ແມນນາໃຊໃນສະພາບເງອນໃຂທຮາກພດບສາມາດດດຊມສານອາຫານໃດ ບເກນ10% ໃນຈານວນສານອາຫານທເທາກນ.”

ມະຫາວທະຍາໄລຂອງລດ Louisiana - ດຣ. A.L. Bertrand and L. L. RusoffLouisiana State University - Drs. A.L. Bertrand and L. L. Rusoff

"Trader elements were used to ascertain conclusively that plants absorb nutrients through their foliage, fruit, flowers, and twigs as well as their roots."

“ການສງຄຽນສານອາຫານແມນຖກຜານການທດລອງ ແລະສາມາດສະຫບໄດ ເປນທແນນອນວາ ພດສາມາດດດຊມເອາສານອາຫານ ຜານເຂາທາງໃບ, ໝາກ, ດອກ , ກງງາ ແລະລາຕນ ໃດດພໆກບຮາກ.”

ວາລະສານ Agricultural Chemicals

Agricultural Chemicals Magazine

"Phosphorus availability

studies have given a ratio of 20

to 1 in favor of foliar feeding

over soil feeding. There seems

little doubt that where soil

fixation exists, foliar

applications of nutrients

constitute the most efficient

method of fertilizer

"placement" and with plants of

sufficient leaf area, foliar

feeding with ALL the elements

can make a significant

contribution toward the total

nutrient requirement."

“ ການສກສາຄວາມສາມາດໃນການນາໃຊຝນຟດສຟຣດ (P) ຂອງຕນພດ, ຕນພດສາມາດຮບເອາຟດສຟຣດໄປນາໃຊໃດພຽງ 1 ໃນ 20 ຂອງປະລມານ ແລະ ສວນທເຫອກບສາມາດໄປປບປງດນໄດອກ.ສະນນ ການນາໃຊຝນອາຫານ

ທາງໃບຈະມປະສດທພາບສງກວາ.ເນອງຈາກວາສານອາຫານທປະກອບຢໃນສດອາຫານດງກາວ ພດສາມາດນາໄປໃຊຕາມຄວາມຕອງການໃ ດທງໝດ ’’ .

Internal Concentrations of Essential Elements in Higher Plants - Concentration in Dry

Tissueຄວາມເຂມຂນພາຍໃນຂອງບນດາທາດໃນພດຂນສງ

ELEMENT PPM %

Hydrogen (H) 60,000 6

Carbon (C) 450,000 45

Oxygen (O) 450,000 45

Nitrogen (N) 15,000 1.5

Potassium (K) 10,000 1.0

Calcium (Ca) 5,000 0.5

Magnesium (Mn) 2,000 0.2

Phosphorus (P) 2,000 0.2

Sulphur (S) 1,000 0.1

Chlorine (Cl) 100 0.01

Boron (B) 20 0.002

Iron (Fe) 100 0.01

Manganese (Mg) 50 0.005

Zinc (Zn) 20 0.002

Copper (Cu) 6 0.0006

Molybdenum (Mo) 0.1 0.00001

Zeolite

• Specification of "Z-MIN" Clinoptilolite

• (natural Hydrated Calcium-Sodium Alumino-silicate)

• Clinoptilolite content ..............65-85%

• Cation Exchange Capacity (NH 4 )......150-180meq/100g

• Surface area (B.E.T.)............ 19.23m 2 /g

• Porosity (pore size - 4-5 A) ............ 42%

• Bulk density (powder).......... 1100kg/cub.m

• Thermal stability...............up to 800 o C

• Static moisture ................ 6.5%

• Acid resistance ... 95% by preservation of zeolite phase

• Hardness .................. 135kg/m 2

• Loss on ignition .............. 11-12 Wt%

• Major oxides:

Zeolite

Specification of "Z-MIN" Clinoptilolite

• SiO 2 ..... 72.65%

• Al 2 O 3 ...... 11.51%

• Fe 2 O 3 ...... 1.12%

• CaO...... 3.01%

• MgO .....1.39%

• Na 2 O..... 0.35%

• K 2 O......0.21%

• MnO ........ 0.03%

• TiO 2 ........ 0.10%

• P 2 O 5 ........ 0.02%

• Cu ........ 0.16ppm

• Zn ......... 72ppm

• Pb .......... 28ppm

• As .......... 8.6ppm

• Hg ........ 0.02ppm

Calculation Ratio of Zeoliteການຄານວນອດຕາຂອງ Zeolite

Zeolite Unit Gram Multiply 1,000,000 ppm

33 g 33 1,089.00 5,445.00

200 l 1000 200,000.00

Tea Special (Nutrition Management) ອາຫານພເສດສາລບຊາ (ສາມາດຂຽນສດສະເພາະສານອາຫານໄດ)

• What is Tea spl TEA SPECIAL is a unique liquid

formulation mix of All Plant Nutrient in most

balanced and easily available form. Plant derivatives

such as Amino acids (mainly Aspartic acid, lysine,

Isoleusine etc.) Polysaccharides, folic acid, Humic

acid, Citric acid, Vitamin (B1 B2 and B6), Auxins,

Cytokinins and other organic substance at particular

concentration specially designed to feed tea.

• ອາຫານພເສດສາລບຊານເປນສດປະສມຂອງແຫວຈາກທາດອາຫານທມຄວາມສມດນກນ ແລະ ສາມາດໃຊໃດງາຍດາຍ, ທຮຽນແບບມາຈາກພດເຊນ Amino acids , (ສວນໃຫຍເປນ Aspartic acid, lysine, Isoleusine

ແລະ ອນໆ ) Polysaccharides, folic acid, Humic acid, Citric acid,

Vitamin (B1 B2 and B6), Auxins, Cytokinins ແລະ ສານອນຊອນໆ ທມຄວາມເຂມຂນ ໂດຍສະເພາະການອອກແບບເປນພເສດຂອງຊາ.

Vanilla (Nutrition Managment) ວະນລາ (ການຈດການທາດອາຫານ)

• Vanilla special is an organic based foliar spray, acomplete food for vanilla crop. It contains all plantnutrients, Amino Acid, Humic Acid, Citric Acid, FulvicAcid, Auxins, Cytokinins & vitamin B complex.Advantages of Vanilla Special : 1. Excellent Vigor of thevines. 2. Helps to accumulate the reserved food in thevine. 3. Increase the aerial roots. 4. Increase flowingand fruit set. 5. Prevents dropping of immatured beans.6. Increase the size and quality of beans. 7. Helps toroot grow better even in the nursery. Dosage: Dilute 4ml in a litre of water Application method: At nurserystage : once in a week. At active growth stages : once in10 days till flowering. After fruit set : once in a wee

• ອາຫານຂອງວະນລາເປນສະເປອນຊເປນທາດອາຫານທສມບນສາລບຕນວະນລາ.ເຊງມນໃດບນຈທາດອາຫານຂອງພດທງໝດ, ກດອາມໂນ, ກດຮວມກ, ກດຊຕຣກ, ກດຟວວກ, ອກຊນ, ໄຊໂຕກນນ,ແລະ ວຕາມນ B . ຂດຂອງວະນລາພເສດນມຄ: 1, ມການຈະເລນເຕບໂຕໄດດຂອງພດຊະນດເຄອ 2, ຈະຊວຍໃນການສະສມອາຫານທບນຈໃນຕນ 3, ເພມຮາກທາງອາກາດ 4, ເພມການໄຫ ແລະ ເພມຈານວນໝາກ 5, ປອງກນຖວທບໃຫຍເຕມທ 6, ເພມຂະໜາດ ແລະຄນນະພາບຂອງຖວ 7, ຊວຍໃຫຮາກຈະເລນເຕບໂຕ . ປະລມານການໃຊ 4 ມລ ເຈອປນໃນນາ 1 ລດ . ຂນຕອນການໃຊ : 1ຄງຕອາທດ ຈະຊວງການຈະເລນເຕບໂຕ , 1 ຄງໃນ10ມ ຈນເຖງຕອນອອກດອກ ຫງຈາກອອກໝາກແລວ ແມນ 1ຄງຕອທດ.

Chilli Spl

(Nutrition Managment)

• Chillies generally require a tropical or subtropical

climate for optimum growth. Chillies have shallow

root systems (top 500mm), they require well

drained soil that is high in organic matter. Chilli Spl

a formulate containing potassium and many other

macro and micro nutrients amino acid, vitamins

specially designed to feed Chillies and meet their

general nutritional requirements. Potassium is the

key element in Chilli nutrition. Potassium (K) as

sulphate is more desirable than high salt

potassium chloride for most soils and plant types.

Chilli Spl is a liquid forms of nutrient are not

intended to replace ground-based fertilizer

programs in Chilli nutrition. They are, a valuable

and useful way of overcoming temporary

shortcomings in nutrient availability from the soil.

Liquids are the most efficient means of supplying

trace elements and major nutrients such as

calcium which the plant is often unable to uptake

in sufficient quantities, even when adequate soil

nutrients are present but unavailable because of

dry conditions or other stresses. The aim is to

maximize the leaf surface area, which will enable

the plant to develop larger bunches.

• ໝາເຜດທວໄປຕອງແມນໃນເຂດຮອນ ຫ ເຂດຮອນຊມຈງຈະເໝາະສມຕການຈະເລນເຕບໂຕ. ໝາກເຜດແມນມລະບບຮາກທຕນ (50mm)ພວກມນຕອງການດນທສງໃນສານອນຊ. ໝາກເຜດພເສດນມສດທບນຈໂປຕາສຊຽມ,ທາດອາຫານຫກຈານວນຫາຍ ແລະ ທາດອາຫານເສມ, ກດອາມໂນ, ວຕາມນທອອກແບບມາພເສດເພອໃຫອາຫານຕນໝາກເຜດ ແລະ ຕອບສະໜອງຄວາມຕອງຫານທາງໂພສະນາການຂອງມນ, ໂປຕາສຊຽມເປນທາດທສາຄນຕກບຕນໝາກເຜດຊນເຟດເປນທາດທຕອງການຫາຍກວາເກອໂປຕາສຊຽມຄຣລາຍ ສາລບດນ ແລະ ຊະນດພດ. ໝາກເຜດ spl ນຢໃນຮບແບບທາດແຫວເປນສານອາຫານທບໄດມາແທນທປພນດນທຢໃນໂພສະນາການຂອງໝາກເຜດ. ພວກມນມຄນຄາໃນການເຕມອາຫານທຂາດໄປໃນດນຊວຕາວເທານນ ແລະ ຂອງແຫວຈະມປະສດທພາບທສດໃນການສະໜອງທາດອາຫານທສາຄນເຊນ ແຄວຊຽມ ເຊງພດຈະບສາມາດດດຊມໃນປະລມານທພຽງພເຖງແມນວາສານອາຫານຈະມຢພຽງພກຕາມ ອນເນອງມາຈາກສະພາບທແຫງ ຫປດໃຈອນໆ . ຈດສາຄນຄການເພມຂະໜາດຂອງໃບຈະຊວຍໃຫພດພດທະນາຂະໜາດຂອງຜນຜະລດ.

ແນວທາງສາລບການນາໃຊອາຫານທາງໃບGUIDELINES FOR FOLIAR FEEDING APPLICATIONS

• Use a sprayer that produces a fine mist. • Nozzles should be turned to the back of the sprayers so the flow of material

approaches the plant at a 90 degree angle to float on the plants.

• ນາໃຊເຄອງຈກສດພນ ທສດເປນລະອອງເຂາທາງປາກໃບ(stomata): - ພດຂນສງ, ໄມໃຫໝາກ, ຕນໄມອດສາຫະກາ , ພດຜກ, ສວນຄວ, ພດໄຮ, ຖວ,

ແຕງ, ເຂາ, ສາລ ແລະ ພດອນໆ ທອາໃສເທງໜາດນ ໃຫສດພນສານ ອາຫານ ເຂາທາງກອງໃບ ແລະ ໜາໃບ, ຍອນວາ stomata ຂອງພດຂນສງ ແມນຢກອງໃບ ແລະ ຜວໜາຂອງໃບພດ ສາມາດດດຊມ ສານອາຫານໃດ ເ ຊນດຽວກນ ແຕບດເທາສວນລມພນຜວໃບ(ກອງໃບ ).

- ພດມໃບຢໜານາ : ໃບບວ, ຈອກ, ແໜ, ແມງຫາງເຫນ, ຫຍາໄຊ, ຫຍາ ປອງແມນ ມ stomata ຢໜາໃບ ເວລາໃຫສານອາຫານຊວະພາກ , ໃຫສດພນ ເຂາໜາໃບໂດຍກງ ໂດຍສະເພາະ ກມກະສກອນທເຮດນາບວ ແລະ ໄມປະດບ ປະເພດເຄງບກ-ເຄງນາ.

- ປະເພດພດໃນນາ ເຊນ: ເທາ, ໄຄນາ, ແພລນຕນ Planton, ແໜ stomata ຢລາພດ.

Developing nutrients for cucumber

Name Element

Nutrient

demand for

Cucumber Unit

Nutrient in

fruit 6kg Unit

Delta I and

Zeolite

Egg Unit

Totally

Unit( mg) Nutrient

H H2O 1 5784 5784 mg

C CO2 12

O O2,H2O 16

N NH4+,NO3- 100-120 mg 10000 10000

K K+ 30-50 mg 7320 mg 6810 74.34 mg 10094 mg

Ca Ca++ 1140 mg 2090 29.5 mg 3259.5 mg

Mg Mg++ mg 830 5.9 mg 835.9 mg

P

H2PO4-

,HPO4- 3.0-5.0 mg 720 mg 230.92 101.48 mg 1052.4 mg

S SO4--

Fe Fe+++,Fe++ 24 mg 1370 0.708 mg 1394.7 mg

Mn Mn++ 3.0-6.0 mg 60 60 mg

Cu Cu++,Cu+ 0.8-2 mg 0.016 0.016 mg

B

BO3---,B4O7-

- 0.6-0.8 mg

Zn Zn++ 4.0-10.0 mg 7.2 0.59 mg 7.79 mg

Mo MoO4++ 0.08-0.5 mg

Cl 3.5-7 mg 132.75 mg 132.75

Si SiO 2 7.5-10 mg 86,260 86260 mg

Na Na2O 2.3-4.6 mg 300 mg 640 640 mg

No NameNutrient

ValueUnit % Zeolite % Total %

1 Folates 1160 µg 140

2 Pantothenic acid 10.98 mg 220

3 Pyridoxine 7.72 mg 590

4 Vitamin A 23160 IU 760

5 Vitamin B1 1.16 mg 80

6 Vitamin B2 7.86 mg 150

7 Beta – carotene 62000 µg 180

8 Niacin( vitamin B3) 32.06 mg 200

9 Vitamin B5 5.96 mg 120

10 Vitamin B6 1.22 mg 100

11 Vitamin B9 320 µg 80

12 Vitamin C 1590 mg 1200

13 Vitamin E 37.8 mg 260

14 Vitamin K 10 µg 20

15 Sodium (Na2O) 20 mg 0 0.64 0.64

16 Potassium(K2O) 20 mg 0 4.11 4.11

17 Calcium(CaO) 1000 mg 100 2.09 102.09

18 Copper(Cu2O) 1.58 mg 160 160

19 Iron( Fe2O3) 23.2 mg 180 1.37 181.37

20 Magnesium(MgO) 200 mg 50 0.83 50.83

21 Manganese(MnO) 5.4 mg 260 0.06 260.06

22 Phosphorus(P2O5) 1420 mg 200 0.06 200.06

23 Selenium (SeO3) 20 µg 40 40

24 Zinc( ZnO2) 7.8 mg 30 30

25 Carotene-α 6020 µg _

26 Carotene-ß 15740 µg _

27 Lutein-zeaxanthin 1940 µg _

28 Silicon ( SiO2) 86.26 86.26

29 Titanium(TiO2) 0.23 0.23

30 Aluminium (AlO3) 12.99 12.99

Element and Vitamin of Delta II and Zeolite

Delta II Bidding-FruitNo

Plant Nutrient

%

of Zeolite

Nutrient

Value Unit

1 Nitrogen (N) 1600 mg

2 Phosphorus (P) 200.061480 mg

3 Potassium (K) 4.114130 mg

4 Calcium (Ca), 102.093090 mg

5Magnesium (Mg),

50.831030 mg

6 Sulfur (S) 0 1600 mg

7 Boron (B) _ mg

8 Copper (Cu) 1601.58 mg

9 Iron (Fe) 181.371393.2 mg

10 Chloride (Cl) _ mg

11Manganese (Mn),

260.0665.4 mg

12Molybdenum (Mo)

_mg

13 Zinc (Zn) 307.8 mg

ສານຊວະພາກກາຈດສດຕພດ