Friendly Warning:Multi-Chapter Test (# 3)

Covers Chapters 5-6-7Thursday, 9 April 2015(one week from today)

Chapter 7

“Choo Choo C’ Boogie” :The Post-War Era, 1946-1954

Chapter 7 (outline)• Popular Music and Technology• Rise of the Big (Name) Singers• Urban Folk Music• The Mambo Craze• Southern Music in the Postwar Era• “R & B” (Rhythm & Blues)• Vocal Harmony• Country and Western Music

Mambo!• Ballroom dance, c.

1930s (Cuban origins)• Derived from Danzón,

montuno section• Modular form

(repeated short ideas)• Peak of popularity

- 1950s-easy to do

• Exs. (Perez Prado Band)- MAMBO No 5 - PEREZ PRADO – YouTube (Text book LG, 216-7)

Damaso Perez Prado (1916-1989) – leading exponent of the “mambo”

The Mambo Craze (mid-50s)• Sophie Tucker – “The Middle Age Mambo”

- Sophie Tucker -the middle age mambo - YouTube

• Ruth Brown – “Mambo Baby”- Mambo Baby - Ruth Brown

• Perry Como – “Papa Loves Mambo”- Perry Como Papa Loves Mambo Perry Como Show '54B&W ORGINAL

• Rosemary Clooney – “Mambo Italiano”- Rosemary Clooney - Mambo Italiano - 1954 originals – YouTube (Text book LG, p. 217-8)

• Leonard Bernstein, West Side Story, “Mambo” - West Side Story - Mambo! - YouTube

Southern Music – post WW II

• Billboard (1942) – new “Western & Race” category- later called: “American Folk Records”

• Billboard (1949) – renames categories- “Race” becomes “Rhythm & Blues”- “Hillbilly” becomes “Country and Western”

• Growth of these categories on:- Radio (average of more than 1 hour daily) - Jukebox (Southerners generally not in AFM) - Independent record labels (renewed prosperity)

Rhythm and Blues (new term)• Was “Race” records for Black consumers

• Mixture of styles (united by audience)- Urbanized (southern) folk (Blues, etc.)

- Gospel harmonies

- Tin Pan Alley crooners

- “Jump” bands (smaller swing groups)

• “Indie” labels, small (local) markets

• Payola (to promote records on black radio)

• Emergence of “Jump blues”

Rhythm and Blues• “Race” records for Black consumers

• Mixture of styles (united by audience)- Urbanized (southern) folk (Blues, etc.)

- Gospel harmonies

- Tin Pan Alley crooners

- “Jump” bands (smaller swing groups)

• “Indie” labels, small (local) markets

• Payola (to promote records on black radio)

• Emergence of “Jump blues”

Louis Jordan (1908-1975)• Born Arkansas

- Father : band music teacher- performed on minstrel circuit

• Chick Webb band (to 1938)- LJ develops stage persona- non-threatening, comedic actor

• Leads own nine-piece band- soon reduced to “five”

• Strong cross-over appeal- “Victory Records”- often scores on “white” charts

• Top black recording artist- 113 weeks at No. 1 (all-time leader)- 18 # 1 hits, 54 top ten records (1940s)

“Kingof the

Juke box”

Louis Jordanand His Tympany Five

• Louis Jordan -- What's the Use of Getting Sober – YouTube

(1942 # 1 Harlem)

• Caldonia / Louis Jordan – YouTube(1945, # 1 R&B, # 6 Pop)

• Choo Choo Ch'boogie - Louis Jordan – YouTube (Text book LG, p.221-23)(1946, # 1 R&B, # 7 Pop)

• LOUIS JORDAN - AIN'T NOBODY HERE BUT US CHICKENS- 1956 – YouTube (1946, # 1 R&B, # 6 Pop)

• Louis Jordan & The Tympany Five ~ Beans and Cornbread (1949) – YouTube (1949, # 1 R&B)

• Strong Boogie Woogie beat

• Almost Rock ‘n Roll

“Muddy Waters”(McKinley Morganfield, 1915[?]-1998)

• Mississippi (plantation work)- harmonica, then guitar- Son House, Robert Johnson- Alan Lomax discovers (1941)

• Chicago (from 1943)- opens for Big Bill Bronzy- Electric guitar (1945)- Chess Records

• Exs.- Muddy Waters - Hoochie Coochie Man ( Chess 1954) – YouTube

(Text book LG p. 225-6)- Got My Mojo Working Muddy Waters full version newport jazz - YouTube

“Doo Wop”(Vocal Harmony Groups)

• Based in Gospel Quartets• Mills Brothers (1930-68)

- Ex. Paper Doll

• Dominoes (c. 1951)- Billy Ward coachedClyde McPhatter lead

• Exs.- Billy Ward and The Dominoes - Sixty Minute Man - YouTube

Ruth Brown (1928-2006)

• Southern Gospel traditions• Big band, club singer• Signed to Atlantic Records

- “House that Ruth Built”- leading R&B singer (1949-55)

• Ex.- RUTH BROWN - Mama He Treats Your Daughter Mean – YouTube

(Text book LG, p. 228-30)

• Advocate for R&B performers- sued for royalties (and won!)

“Miss Rhythm”“The Queen of R&B”

Willie Mae “Big Mama” Thornton (1926-1984)

• Southern Baptist• Vaudeville Circuit• Houston, TX nightclubs• “Rough” personality• Exs.

- Big Mama Thornton - Hound Dog (1952) Blues - YouTube

(Text book LG, p. 228-30)- Big Mama Thornton "Ball And Chain" - YouTube

Country and Western Music• Continued broadening of C&W market• Radio Broadcasts in all parts of US

- Boston, “Hayloft Jamboree”- Los Angeles, “Hometown Jamboree”

• 1/3 of all record sales in 1950• “Mainstreaming”

- pop performers cover country- country performers go “pop”

• Patti Page- The Tennessee Waltz - singer Patti Page 1950- How Much Is That Doggie In The Window - Patti Page - YouTube

Eddy Arnold (1918-2008)• 147 hits on Billboard

charts (85 million copies sold!)

• “Tennessee Plowboy”• The “Nashville Sound”

- Crooning lead sing- Orchestral accompaniment- Background vocals

• Exs.- Eddy Arnold - Bouquet of Roses (With Lyrics) – YouTube (1947 crossover)- Eddy Arnold - You Don't Know Me - Grand Ole Opry Classics – YouTube

- MAKE THE WORLD GO AWAY - EDDY ARNOLD.mpg (1965)

Bluegrass• Traditional Country• String Bands (only, no drums!)

- Banjo, Mandolin, Fiddle, etc.• Virtuoso skill level• “Suits and Ties”• Bill Monroe & Bluegrass Boys• Foggy Mountain Boys

(Lester Flatt & Earl Scruggs)• Exs.

- Bill Monroe & the Bluegrass Boys - Blue Moon of Kentucky – YouTube

- Bill Monroe - It's Mighty Dark For Me To Travel – YouTube (Text book LG, p. 233-4)- YouTube - Flatt & Scruggs Foggy Mountain Breakdown

Bill Monroe (1911-1997)

Foggy Mountain

Boys

NOT YET COVERED IN CLASS. Will be

explained on 7 Apr 15

Honky Tonk• Rough, rowdy, working class establishments

• Real life topics: alcohol, infidelity, jail, etc.

• Amplified string band, w/ piano (& drums?)• Ernest Tubb (1914-1984)

- Walkin' the floor over you - Ernest Tubb – YouTube (1941)

• Hank Thompson (1925-2007)- Hank Thompson - Wild Side Of Life - YouTube (1952)

• Kitty Wells (1919-2012)- Kitty Wells - It Wasnt God Who Made Honky Tonk Angels – YouTube (“Answer” Song, 1952)(Text book LGs, p. 234-5)

NOT YET COVERED IN CLASS. Will be

explained on 7 Apr 15

Hank Williams (Sr.) (1923-1953)• Leading Country

Singer/Songwriter(pre-rock ‘n roll era)

• “Honky Tonk” life- born into poverty- itinerant performer- divorced- problems w/ alcohol- dies of drug/alcohol OD

• Exs.- I'M SO LONESOME I COULD CRY (1949) by Hank Williams – YouTube (1949)- hank williams hey good lookin (1951)- Hank William Sr - Your Cheatin Heart lyrics – YouTube (B-side)(1953, posthumous)(Text book LGs, p. 237-8)

NOT YET COVERED IN CLASS.

Will be explained on

7 Apr 15

Anything after this slide is not on next Thursday’s Test # 3