;F:s[ltsf kIfx? / ;F:s[ltsf kIfx? / e"m6sf ;~hfne"m6sf ;~hfn

भी�भी�. . एनएन. . एन एन ..

22

kl/rokl/roe"m6sf ;+:s[ltsf s]xL pbfx/0fx? e"m6sf ;+:s[ltsf s]xL pbfx/0fx?

!_ af]lnleofsf] cN6LKnfgf]df clwsf+z Odf/f !_ af]lnleofsf] cN6LKnfgf]df clwsf+z Odf/f hfltsf dflg;n] kfrf dfdf gfd u/]sf] :yfgLo b}jL hfltsf dflg;n] kfrf dfdf gfd u/]sf] :yfgLo b}jL zlQmsf] k"hf u5{g\ . zlQmsf] k"hf u5{g\ .

@_ ?jfG8fdf *) k|ltzt lqmlZrog eP/ klg !(($ sf] @_ ?jfG8fdf *) k|ltzt lqmlZrog eP/ klg !(($ sf] clk|n ^ b]lv h'nfO{;Dd 7"nf] g/;+xf/ eof] , clk|n ^ b]lv h'nfO{;Dd 7"nf] g/;+xf/ eof] , h;df * nfv dfl/Psf lyP . o;sf] s'g} hafkm 5}g . h;df * nfv dfl/Psf lyP . o;sf] s'g} hafkm 5}g .

n]vsn] ;"j]{df ;+:s[ltsf] cfwf/e"t l;4fGtdf n]vsn] ;"j]{df ;+:s[ltsf] cfwf/e"t l;4fGtdf ljZjf; 5}g / pgLx?df leq}af6 kl/jt{g cfPg . ljZjf; 5}g / pgLx?df leq}af6 kl/jt{g cfPg . sxLF xfd|f] laZjf;df To:tf] t 5}g < sxLF xfd|f] laZjf;df To:tf] t 5}g <

33

Plkm;L ^M !@Plkm;L ^M !@

xfd|f] n8fO“ s] sf] lj?4df xfd|f] n8fO“ s] sf] lj?4df xf]Og< xf]Og<

xfd|f] n8fO“ s;sf] lj?4df xf] < xfd|f] n8fO“ s;sf] lj?4df xf] < tkfO{+sf] zAbdf zq' sf] xf] t < tkfO{+sf] zAbdf zq' sf] xf] t <

44

z}tfg / p;sf] /0fgLltz}tfg / p;sf] /0fgLlt

o"xGgf *M$$o"xGgf *M$$ k|sfz @) M #, &–*k|sfz @) M #, &–*

55

;d'bfosf] hu;d'bfosf] hu

ljgfzsf hux? ljgfzsf hux? c1fgtfc1fgtf e"m6x? e"m6x? ljsf;sf hux?ljsf;sf hux? 1fg 1fg ;To;To

66

unftL $M #–!), sn:;L @M unftL $M #–!), sn:;L @M ^–*, !%,@)^–*, !%,@)

!= kfjnn] ljZjf;Lsf] ljutnfO{ s;/L lrq0f u/]sf != kfjnn] ljZjf;Lsf] ljutnfO{ s;/L lrq0f u/]sf 5g\ <5g\ <

@= ljZjf;LnfO{ s;n] bf;Tjdf kf/]sf 5 <@= ljZjf;LnfO{ s;n] bf;Tjdf kf/]sf 5 <#M o]z"n] s] ug{'eof] < #M o]z"n] s] ug{'eof] < $M pxfFn] of] s;/L ug{'eof] < $M pxfFn] of] s;/L ug{'eof] < %M ljZjf;Lx?sf lglDt jt{dfg k|ltkmn s] s] %M ljZjf;Lx?sf lglDt jt{dfg k|ltkmn s] s]

x'g\ < x'g\ < ^M ljZjf;Lx?sf lglDt eljiosf] 5gf]6 s] xf] < ^M ljZjf;Lx?sf lglDt eljiosf] 5gf]6 s] xf] < &M xfdLnfO{ bf;Tjdf kfg]{ k|wfgtf / &M xfdLnfO{ bf;Tjdf kfg]{ k|wfgtf /

zlQmx?n] s] s] k|of]u u5{g\ < zlQmx?n] s] s] k|of]u u5{g\ <

77

k|Zg !M kfjnn] ljZjf;Lsf] ljutnfO{ s;/L k|Zg !M kfjnn] ljZjf;Lsf] ljutnfO{ s;/L lrq0f u/]sf 5g\ < lrq0f u/]sf 5g\ <

unftL $M# xfdL klg o;/L g} afns 5p~h]n unftL $M# xfdL klg o;/L g} afns 5p~h]n ;+;f/sf b}jL zlQmx?sf] bf;Tjdf lyof}+ . ;+;f/sf b}jL zlQmx?sf] bf;Tjdf lyof}+ .

sn:;L @M ^–* Wofg b]cf] ls s;}n] sn:;L @M ^–* Wofg b]cf] ls s;}n] bz{gzf:q / vf]qmf] 5nn] ltdLx?nfO{ lzsf/ bz{gzf:q / vf]qmf] 5nn] ltdLx?nfO{ lzsf/ gagfcf];\ hf] v|Li6sf cg’;f/ xf]Og t/ gagfcf];\ hf] v|Li6sf cg’;f/ xf]Og t/ dflg;sf] k/Dk/f / ljZjsf cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx?dflg;sf] k/Dk/f / ljZjsf cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx?dfly cl8Psf] x'G5 . dfly cl8Psf] x'G5 .

88

ljZjf;LnfO{ s;n] bf;Tjdf ljZjf;LnfO{ s;n] bf;Tjdf kf/]]sf] 5 <kf/]]sf] 5 <

unftL $M* cl3cl3 ha ltdLx?n] unftL $M* cl3cl3 ha ltdLx?n] k/d]Zj/nfO{ lrg]sf lyPgf} . ltdLx? ltgsf bf; k/d]Zj/nfO{ lrg]sf lyPgf} . ltdLx? ltgsf bf; lyof} , hf] :jfefj}n] b]jx? xf]Ogg\ .lyof} , hf] :jfefj}n] b]jx? xf]Ogg\ .

sn:;L @M!% pxfFn] k|wfgtfx? / zlQmx?sn:;L @M!% pxfFn] k|wfgtfx? / zlQmx?nfO{ lgMz:q kf/L tL ;a}dfly q\"mzdf ljho nfO{ lgMz:q kf/L tL ;a}dfly q\"mzdf ljho k|fKt ug{eof] / ltgLx?nfO{ v'ndv'nf tdf;f k|fKt ug{eof] / ltgLx?nfO{ v'ndv'nf tdf;f agfOlbg'eof] . agfOlbg'eof] .

99

k|Zg # k|Zg #

o]z"n] s] ug{'eof] o]z"n] s] ug{'eof] < <

unftL $M% Joj:yfsf] cwLgdf /xg]x?unftL $M% Joj:yfsf] cwLgdf /xg]x?nfO{ df]n lt/]/ 56fpgnfO{ oxf“ nfO{ df]n lt/]/ 56fpgnfO{ oxf“ k7fOg'eof] tfls xfdL k'qsf] xs k|fKt k7fOg'eof] tfls xfdL k'qsf] xs k|fKt ug{ ;s"Fug{ ;s"F sn:;L @M!% pxfFn] k|wfgtfx? / sn:;L @M!% pxfFn] k|wfgtfx? / zlQmx?nfO{ lgMz:q kf/L tL ;a}dfly zlQmx?nfO{ lgMz:q kf/L tL ;a}dfly q\"mzdf ljho k|fKt ug{eof] / ltgLx?q\"mzdf ljho k|fKt ug{eof] / ltgLx?nfO{ v'ndv'nf tdf;f agfOlbg'eof] . nfO{ v'ndv'nf tdf;f agfOlbg'eof] .

1010

k|Zg $k|Zg $ pxf“ n] of] s;/L ug{'eof] < pxf“ n] of] s;/L ug{'eof] <

sn:;L @M!% pxfFn] k|wfgtfx? / sn:;L @M!% pxfFn] k|wfgtfx? / zlQmx?nfO{ lgMz:q kf/L zlQmx?nfO{ lgMz:q kf/L tL ;a}dfly q\"mzdf ljho k|fKt tL ;a}dfly q\"mzdf ljho k|fKt ug{eof] / ltgLx?nfO{ v'ndv'nf ug{eof] / ltgLx?nfO{ v'ndv'nf tdf;f agfOlbg'eof] . tdf;f agfOlbg'eof] .

1111

k|Zg %Mk|Zg %M

ljZjf;Lx?sf lglDt jt{dfg k|ljZjf;Lx?sf lglDt jt{dfg k|ltkmn s] s] x'g\ < ltkmn s] s] x'g\ < unftL $M%– & === tfls xfdL k'qsf] unftL $M%– & === tfls xfdL k'qsf] k"/f xs k|fKt ug{ ;sf}+ ===o;sf/0f k"/f xs k|fKt ug{ ;sf}+ ===o;sf/0f === ltdL ca pk|fGt bf; xf]Ogf}+ t/ === ltdL ca pk|fGt bf; xf]Ogf}+ t/ k'q xf} eg]tf pQ/flwsf/L klg xf} . k'q xf} eg]tf pQ/flwsf/L klg xf} .

sn:;L @M sn:;L @M ^– &^– &

1212

k|Zg ^ k|Zg ^

ljZjf;Lx?sf lglDt eljiosf] ljZjf;Lx?sf lglDt eljiosf] 5gf]6 s] xf] < 5gf]6 s] xf] <

unftL unftL $M( ===============$M( =====================sn:;L @M@) sn:;L @M@) ==================================

1313

k|Zg & k|Zg & xfdLnfO{ bf;Tjdf kfg]{ k|xfdLnfO{ bf;Tjdf kfg]{ k|wfgtf / zlQmx?n] s] s] k|wfgtf / zlQmx?n] s] s] k|of]u u5{g\ < of]u u5{g\ <

unftL $M# unftL $M# ====================================sn:;L @M* sn:;L @M* ==================================

1414

bf;Tjdf kfg]{ z}tfgsf bf;Tjdf kfg]{ z}tfgsf b'O{j6f xltof/x? b'O{j6f xltof/x?

Dfgj–s]lGb|t bz{gDfgj–s]lGb|t bz{gsn:;L @M* sn:;L @M* ! kq'; !M !*,!(! kq'; !M !*,!(

;+;f/sf cfwf/e"t l;4fGt;+;f/sf cfwf/e"t l;4fGtunftL $M( unftL $M( sn:;L @M@)sn:;L @M@)

1515

;+;f/sf cfwf/e"t l;4fGt eGg'sf] ;+;f/sf cfwf/e"t l;4fGt eGg'sf] cy{ s] xf] < cy{ s] xf] <

u|Ls zAb :6f]s]gu|Ls zAb :6f]s]g stoicheionstoicheion (n) (n) = =

klxnf] l;4fGt, ;+:s[ltsf kIfx?dfklxnf] l;4fGt, ;+:s[ltsf kIfx?df

:6f]s]cf]:6f]s]cf] stoicheo (v) stoicheo (v)

xfdL ;]gfem}+ nfda4 eP/ lx“8\g'xfdL ;]gfem}+ nfda4 eP/ lx“8\g'

1616

cflTdsL n8fOFdf ;+:s[ltsf] cflTdsL n8fOFdf ;+:s[ltsf] qmlds k|efjqmlds k|efj

… … qmlds JolQmut ?kdf cflTds qmlds JolQmut ?kdf cflTds

JolQmx?sf ;lqmotfdf ljleGg If]qdf JolQmx?sf ;lqmotfdf ljleGg If]qdf

k|efj kf/]sf] x'G5 . k|efj kf/]sf] x'G5 .

1717

cflTdsL n8fO“df ;cflTdsL n8fO“df ;+:s[ltsf] qmlds k|efj+:s[ltsf] qmlds k|efj

……o:tf zlQmx?n] k/d]Zj/b]lv ljd'v o:tf zlQmx?n] k/d]Zj/b]lv ljd'v

t'Nofpg] cfkm\gf lgod tyf t'Nofpg] cfkm\gf lgod tyf

tl/sfx? :yflkt u/]sf tl/sfx? :yflkt u/]sf

x'G5g\ . :6f]lsofsf] zflAbs ?kdf x'G5g\ . :6f]lsofsf] zflAbs ?kdf

cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx? x'g\ jf ;+:s[ltsf cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx? x'g\ jf ;+:s[ltsf

sv/f x'g\ . sv/f x'g\ .

1818

cflTdsL n8fO“df ;cflTdsL n8fO“df ;+:s[ltsf] qmlds k|efj+:s[ltsf] qmlds k|efj

;+:s[ltx? ;dfhnfO{ ljlwut lgoGq0f ;+:s[ltx? ;dfhnfO{ ljlwut lgoGq0f

ug{ zlQmx?n] :yflkt u/]sf lgb]{zgx? ug{ zlQmx?n] :yflkt u/]sf lgb]{zgx?

x'g\ . o; kl/k|]Iodf :6f]lsof eg]sf x'g\ . o; kl/k|]Iodf :6f]lsof eg]sf

dfgj ;dfhdflysf] z}tflgs 5n x'g\ . dfgj ;dfhdflysf] z}tflgs 5n x'g\ .

1919

cflTdsL n8fO“df ;cflTdsL n8fO“df ;+:s[ltsf] qmlds k|efj+:s[ltsf] qmlds k|efj

zlQmx?n] cflTds zlQmsf] ?kdf ;dfhsf] zlQmx?n] cflTds zlQmsf] ?kdf ;dfhsf]

cfwf/e"t ;+/rgfnfO{ vnn k'¥ofPsf 5g\ . cfwf/e"t ;+/rgfnfO{ vnn k'¥ofPsf 5g\ .

dfgj lgsfox?dfly zlQmx?n] vnn dfgj lgsfox?dfly zlQmx?n] vnn

kfbf{v]l/ lqmlZrog lgsfox?df klg kfbf{v]l/ lqmlZrog lgsfox?df klg

z}tflgs k|efj emlNsPsf kfOG5g\ . z}tflgs k|efj emlNsPsf kfOG5g\ .

Dr. Gailyn Van RheenenCommunicating Christ in Animistic

Contexts, 1991

2020

;fd'bflos ljsf;sf hux? ;fd'bflos ljsf;sf hux?

1fg / ;To1fg / ;To

2121

;fd'bflos ljgfzsf hux?;fd'bflos ljgfzsf hux?

c1fgtfc1fgtf e'm6e'm6

2222

c;n ;+:s[ltdf a9\bfc;n ;+:s[ltdf a9\bf

em'6f] ;+:s[lt em'6f] ;+:s[lt klg ;fFrf]h:tf] b]lvG5 klg ;fFrf]h:tf] b]lvG5 . . ;To ;+:s[ltn] ljsf;sf ;To ;+:s[ltn] ljsf;sf l;4fGtx? c“ufN5 . l;4fGtx? c“ufN5 .

2323

ljrf/n] k|ltkmn Nofp“5 . ljrf/n] k|ltkmn Nofp“5 . h/fx?n] kmn kmnfp“5 . h/fx?n] kmn kmnfp“5 .

kmnkmn == kl/0ffd kl/0ffd

xf“uf xf“uf == afgL tyf afgL tyf Jojxf/ Jojxf/

8f“78f“7= = d"Nod"No

h/fh/f = = ljZjf; k|0ffnLljZjf; k|0ffnL

2424

;fd'lxs cEof; ;fd'lxs cEof; em'6sf] d"Nof+sgem'6sf] d"Nof+sg

em'6sf] d"No kQf nufpg'xf];\ . em'6sf] d"No kQf nufpg'xf];\ . d"No s;/L Pskl5 csf]{ k':tfdf d"No s;/L Pskl5 csf]{ k':tfdf

s;/L ;b}{ cfp“5 < pbfx/0f lbg'xf];\ . s;/L ;b}{ cfp“5 < pbfx/0f lbg'xf];\ . d"Non] s:tf] Jojxf/ jf afgL pTkGg d"Non] s:tf] Jojxf/ jf afgL pTkGg

u5{ < u5{ < afgL jf Jojxf/sf] kl/0ffd s] x'G5 < afgL jf Jojxf/sf] kl/0ffd s] x'G5 < d"Nodf x'g] n's]sf] ljZjf; s] xf] < d"Nodf x'g] n's]sf] ljZjf; s] xf] <

2525

pbfx/0fLo hLjgsf] u'0f:t/pbfx/0fLo hLjgsf] u'0f:t/

d"No–dfGotfd"No–dfGotf – ;xhtf, :j–– ;xhtf, :j–ljsf;, ;'ljwf lj?4 g}lts d"Noljsf;, ;'ljwf lj?4 g}lts d"No––dfGotfdfGotf

x:tfGtl/tx:tfGtl/t – kl/jf/, ghGd]sf – kl/jf/, ghGd]sf afnaflnsf, ljjfx, Jofkf/, rnlrq, ;ª\uLt afnaflnsf, ljjfx, Jofkf/, rnlrq, ;ª\uLt k'gef{lift ul/Psf]k'gef{lift ul/Psf]

Jojxf/Jojxf/ – a9\bf] ue{ktg, k|]l/t ug]{ – a9\bf] ue{ktg, k|]l/t ug]{ cfTdxTof, 36\bf] j}jflxs b/, a9\cfTdxTof, 36\bf] j}jflxs b/, a9\bf] ;DaGw ljR5]bbf] ;DaGw ljR5]b

2626

pbfx/0fLo hLjgsf] pbfx/0fLo hLjgsf] u'0f:t/u'0f:t/

kl/0ffdkl/0ffd– tf]l8Psf JolQmx?, kl/jf/x?, – tf]l8Psf JolQmx?, kl/jf/x?, 36\bf] hg;+Vof b/, ;"Id dtleGgtfn] 36\bf] hg;+Vof b/, ;"Id dtleGgtfn] elTsPsf] d08nL, lubf]{ g}lts w/ftnelTsPsf] d08nL, lubf]{ g}lts w/ftn

h/fh/f– hLjgsf] u'0f:t/ k|fKt ug]– hLjgsf] u'0f:t/ k|fKt ug]{ tLy{ofqfsf] cfTdf s'?k ePsf] 5, { tLy{ofqfsf] cfTdf s'?k ePsf] 5, k/d]Zj/ x'g'x'Gg / g}lts w/ftnsf] k/d]Zj/ x'g'x'Gg / g}lts w/ftnsf] dxŒj 5}g eGg] ljZjf; xfjL ePsf] 5 . dxŒj 5}g eGg] ljZjf; xfjL ePsf] 5 . lglZrt g}lts ;+/rgfljgf dfgj clwsf/ lglZrt g}lts ;+/rgfljgf dfgj clwsf/ x'Fb}g .x'Fb}g .

2727

;fd'lxs cEof;;fd'lxs cEof;

tkfO{+sf] cfkm\gf] ;tkfO{+sf] cfkm\gf] ;+:s[ltaf6 Pp6f d"No–dfGotf +:s[ltaf6 Pp6f d"No–dfGotf klxrfg ug{'xf];\ . klxrfg ug{'xf];\ .

2828

d"No–dfGotf eg]sf] s] xf] d"No–dfGotf eg]sf] s] xf] < <

efiffefiff ;f+:s[lts syfx? ;f+:s[lts syfx? xfF:o tyf r'6\lsnfxfF:o tyf r'6\lsnf sxfjtx?sxfjtx? uLtx?uLtx? cflb–OToflbcflb–OToflb

d"No–dfGotf s;/L x:tfGtl/t x“'b} cfp“5 <

2929

afgL–a]xf]/f eg]sf s] x'g\ afgL–a]xf]/f eg]sf s] x'g\ < <

To:tf s'g afgL–a]xf]/f rflxF d"No–To:tf s'g afgL–a]xf]/f rflxF d"No–dfGotf emNsfpg] b}lgs hLjgdf dfGotf emNsfpg] b}lgs hLjgdf b]Vg ;lsG5 b]Vg ;lsG5

s] ePsf] x'G5 < / s] ePsf] xF'b}g <s] ePsf] x'G5 < / s] ePsf] xF'b}g <

s] elgPsf] x'G5 < s] elgPsf] xF'b}g s] elgPsf] x'G5 < s] elgPsf] xF'b}g <<

afgL–a]xf]/fn] o:tf] s'/f pTkGg ub{5 <

3030

kl/0fdx? s] s] x'g\ < kl/0fdx? s] s] x'g\ <

JolQmut ?kdfJolQmut ?kdf kl/jf/dfkl/jf/df d08nLdfd08nLdf ;dfhdf ;dfhdf x[bob]lvsf] JolQmut ujfxLdfx[bob]lvsf] JolQmut ujfxLdf

3131

em'6sf] h/f s] xf] < em'6sf] h/f s] xf] <

tkfO{+sf] ;dfhdf ePsf] s'g} Pp6f em'6sf] tkfO{+sf] ;dfhdf ePsf] s'g} Pp6f em'6sf] ljifodf n]Vg'xf];\ . o:tf] wf/0ff sxfFaf6 ljifodf n]Vg'xf];\ . o:tf] wf/0ff sxfFaf6 cfof] t <cfof] t <

pbfx/0f pbfx/0f

——wfld{swfld{s

——bz{go'Qm ;+:s[ltbz{go'Qm ;+:s[lt

d"No–dfGotf s;/L Ps k':tfb]lv csf]{ k':tdf x:tfGtl/t d"No–dfGotf s;/L Ps k':tfb]lv csf]{ k':tdf x:tfGtl/t x“'b}cfp“5 <x“'b}cfp“5 <

b]z,;dfh,d08nLdf o;sf] k|efj <b]z,;dfh,d08nLdf o;sf] k|efj < To;df n's]sf] ljZjf;< To;df n's]sf] ljZjf;<

3232

em'6 sxf“af6 cfof] em'6 sxf“af6 cfof]

efiff efiff ;f+:s[lts syf;f+:s[lts syf xf“:o tyf r'6\lsnfxf“:o tyf r'6\lsnf lxtf]kb]zlxtf]kb]z uLtuLt c? s]xL c? s]xL

3333

xfdL s] ub}{5f}+ <xfdL s] ub}{5f}+ <

3434

tkfO{+n] s] l;Sg'eof] < tkfO{+n] s] l;Sg'eof] <

o; lqmofsnfkaf6 tkfO{+n] k|o; lqmofsnfkaf6 tkfO{+n] k|fKt u/]sf] cGt/b[li6 ;d"xdf fKt u/]sf] cGt/b[li6 ;d"xdf 5nkmn ug{'xf];\ . /, ;a}sf] ;fd' 5nkmn ug{'xf];\ . /, ;a}sf] ;fd' af“8\g Pp6f l;sfO 5fGg'xf];\ . af“8\g Pp6f l;sfO 5fGg'xf];\ .

3535

lzIfflzIff o; e"m6 ;Daf]wg ug]{ Pp6f o; e"m6 ;Daf]wg ug]{ Pp6f

s'/f csf]{ xKtf s] ug'{x'G5 <s'/f csf]{ xKtf s] ug'{x'G5 < d08nLn] rflx“ o; d08nLn] rflx“ o;

e"m6 ;Daf]wg ug{ s] unf{ t e"m6 ;Daf]wg ug{ s] unf{ t <<

;+:s[ltsf sv/fx? ;+:s[ltsf sv/fx? em'6sf] ;~hfnem'6sf] ;~hfn

k|lzIfssf] gfdk|lzIfssf] gfd

;]jfsfO;]jfsfO

3737

;+:s[ltsf sv/fx?sf ;+:s[ltsf sv/fx?sf k'g/fjnf]sgk'g/fjnf]sg

… …ljrf/x?df kl/0ffd x'G5Ú eGg'sf] ljrf/x?df kl/0ffd x'G5Ú eGg'sf] cy{ s] xf] < cy{ s] xf] <

c?x?nfO{ bf;Tjdf kfg]{ z}tfgsf] c?x?nfO{ bf;Tjdf kfg]{ z}tfgsf] /0fgLlt s] xf] </0fgLlt s] xf] <

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