fw.- n. cmtpjv

Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

]me-°mSv Pn√-bn¬ Ibn-en-bm´v amº‰ ho´n¬ _me-Ir-jvW≥ \mb-cp-tSbpw Fw.-sI. ca-Wn-bp-tSbpw aqØ-a-I-\mbn P\n-®p. Ibn-en-bmSv sI.-hn. bp.]n. kvIqƒ, Nf-hd lb¿sk-°-≠dn kvIqƒ, H‰-∏mew F≥.-F-kv.-Fkv tImtf-Pv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcwtem A°m-Zan F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-embn hnZym-`ymkw ]q¿Øn-bm-°n. kmº-Øn-I-im-kvX-Øn¬ _ncp-Zm-\-¥-c-_n-c-Zphpw \nb-a-_n-cp-Zhpw t\Sn-bn-´p-≠v. Fkv.-F-^v.-sF-bpsS kwÿm\ skI-´-dn, AJn-te¥ym tPmbn‚ v skI-´-dn, Un.-ssh.-F-^v.sFkwÿm\ ]kn--U‚ v F∂o Npa-X-e-Iƒ hln-®n-´p-≠v. Ct∏mƒ Un.-ssh.-F-^v.sFAJn-te¥ym tPmbn‚ v skI-´-dn. hnZym¿∞n-˛-bp-h-P\ ]t£m-`-ß-fn¬ ]s¶-SpØv\nc-h-[n-X-hW sImSn-b-a¿±-\-ßfpw Pbn¬hm-khpw A\p-`-hn-®p. Ct∏mƒ temIvk-`-bn¬ ]me-°mSv afi-esØ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂p. c≠p-h¿j-Øn-\Iw Xs∂ C¥y-bnse G‰hpw anI® bph Fw.-]n-am-cn-sem-cm-fmbn "Zn ho°v' hmcnI sXcs-s™-Sp-Øp. Cw•≠nse tImsh≥Sn k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bpsS _nkn-\ v kvIqfns‚ 2011-˛set\XrXz ]`m-jW ]c-º-c-bn¬ ]s¶-SpØv ]_‘w Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. B\p-Im-en-I-ß-fn¬ ]Xn-hmbn Fgp-Xp-∂p. `mcy˛ \n\nX. c≠p-Ip-´n-Iƒ.

Fw.-_n. cmtP-jns‚ IrXn-Iƒ

NcnXw Ahsc Ip‰-°m-sc∂v hn[n°pw

hncp-≤-tem-I-ßƒ

BtKmf kmº-ØnI ]Xn-k-‘n-bpsS am\-ßƒ

aqe-[\w aXw cm„obw

Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

aqe-[\w aXw cm„obwteJ-\-ßƒ

hne: 230.00

lcnXw _pIvkv

Hcp Xmbm´v ]ªn-t°-j≥ kwcw`w

Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw $ Fd-Wm-Ipfw $ ]me-°mSv

tImgn-t°mSv $ Xe-t»cn $ IÆq¿ $ Im™ßmSv

Malayalam (Indian)

Mooladhanam Matham RashtreeyamEssays

by M.B. Rajesh

First Published: Feb. 2012

Copies: 1000

1322nd book of Haritham1640th book of Thayat Publications

ReservedAll Rights reserved. No Part of this Publication may be reproduced. Stored in a retrievalsystem, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers.

Published by

Haritham Books, 'Pride', 1/ 3794 A, East Hill Road, Chakkorathukulam,Eranhipalam P.O, Calicut-6, Kerala, Phone: 9539064489Branches: Trivandrum Ernakulam Palakkad CalicutThalassery Kannur Kanhangad

Cover DesignRagesh. P

LayoutPraseetha

Cover PrintingA-one Offset, Calicut

Inner PrintingChinnu's, Calicut

Price: Rupees Two Hundred & Thirty only

\ΩpsS bph t\Xm-°-fn¬ it≤-b-\mWv Fw.-_n. cmtP-jv. \nc-

h[n cm„ob t]mcm- -ß-fn-eq-sS, Pbn¬Po-hn-X-Øn-eq-sS, t]meo-kns‚

_q´n\pw emØn-bv°pan-Sbn-eqsS ae-bm-fnbpsS s]mXp-Po-hn-X-Øn¬

i‡-amb CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ \S-Øp-hm≥ cmtP-jn\p Ign-™n- p-≠v. sSen-

hn-j≥ N¿®-I-fn-em-sW-¶nepw ]kw-K-ß-fn-em-sW-¶nepw Fgp-Øn-

em-sW-¶nepw cmtPjv ImWn-°p∂ Ah-[m-\-X-bpw Bib hy‡X-

bpw cm„ob FXn-cm-fn-I-fn¬t]mepw _lp-am\w DW¿Øpw. Npcp-

ßnbImew sIm≠p-Xs∂ ]m¿en-sa‚dn ]h¿Ø-\-ßfn¬ Xnf-

ßm≥ cmtP-jn\p Ign-™p.

cmtP-jns‚ \mem-asØ ]pkvX-I-amWv "aqe-[\w aXw cm„obw.'

cmtP-jn-t\mSv tbmPn®pw hntbm-Pn®pw hmb\ apt∂m- p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ,

FX-tØmfw bp‡n- -Z-am-bmWv kz¥w \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ cmtPjv hni-

Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv F∂ Imcyw hmb-\-°m-cs‚ i≤-bn¬]-Xn-bpw.

cm„ob˛ kmaq-lnI ]h¿Ø-\-ß-tfm-sSm∏w Fgp-Øns‚ ]mX-bn-

eqsS C\nbpw Gsd-°mew k©-cn-°m≥ cmtP-jn\p Ign-b-s´.

a‰p ]h¿Ø-\-ßtf°mƒ £c-an-√m-Ø-XmWv A£cw F∂v

cmtP-jns\ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°m≥ Cu Ah-kcw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p; Ign-bp-

∂X kabw CXn-\mbn am‰n-sh°pw F∂v Bin-°p-∂p.

]Xm]≥ Xmbm´v

a\p-jy-tam-N-\-Øn-\mbn

c‡-km-£n-Xzw-h-cn®

tbip-In-kvXp-hn\pw

sNKp-th-c-bv°pw...

D≈-S°w

`mKw H∂v

13 hmƒkvSo-‰nse qIºw

26 hn°n-eoIvkv Ata-cn° ]Xn-°q- n¬

31 BW-h-I-cm¿ AYhm Iog-S-ß-ens‚ DS-ºSn

43 H_m-a-bpsS C¥ym-k-µ¿i\w

52 Agn-a-Xn-bpsS A¿∞-imkvXw

64 DZm-c-h¬°-c-W -Im-esØCS-Xp-]£ _Z-¬

73 _P‰v: hn]-Wn-bpsS BtLm-j-am-Ip-tºmƒ

`mKw c≠v

85 aXhpw am¿Ivkn-khpw

94 awK-em-]pcØv hnS¿∂ hnj-Øm-ac

102 Xmen-_m\pw kwL-]-cn-hmdpw

107 `oI-c-X-bpsS lnµp-Xz-apJw

112 hcq,- ap-kn-cn- nse c‡w ImWq...

120 aX-an-√mØ Poh≥

`mKw aq∂v

128 c≠mw Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXym-Klw

132 ]Xo-I-ß-fpsS cmjvSob ]tbm-Khpw

Nne hnX-fi-hm-Z-ßfpw

137 cmjvSob hna¿i-\-Øns‚ ss]¶n-fn-h¬°-cWw

143 Hcp ap≥ \Ivk-sse-‰ns‚ ]Xy-b-imkvX hn`m-¥n-Iƒ

155 kz`m-h-l-Xy-bpsS cm„obw

160 kn.-]n.sF (Fw)Dw h¿-§- -_-lp-P-\- kw-L-S-\-Ifpw

166 acWw sXc-s™-Sp-°m-\p≈ kzmX¥yw

170 acw \Sp-∂Xnse kmam-Py-Xz-hn-cp-≤X

174 kwh-c-W-Øns‚ kwL¿j-ta-Je

`mKw \mev

184 Hm.-F≥.hn: Ihn-X-bpsS \nXy-h-k-¥-w

188 \\-bmØ hnπ-h-Pzme

`mKw H∂v

12 aqe-[\w aXw cm„obw

Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

13Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


hmƒkvSo-‰nse `qIºw

H∂v

"We must insulate main street from wall street'' Ata-cn-°sb

]nSn®p Ipep-°nb kmº-ØnI XI¿®-sb°p-dn®v A∂sØ tIm

¨K-kns‚ kv]o°¿ \m≥kn s]tem-kn-bpsS ]Xn-I-c-W-am-Wn-Xv.

hmƒkvSo‰v Ata-cn-°≥ kmº-ØnI LS-\-bpsS kncm-tI-µ-am-

Wv. hmƒkvSo‰nse Htcm Ne-\hpw Ata-cn-°≥ kº-ZvL-S-\-bn¬

A\p-c-W\-ßfp-≠m-°pw. Ata-cn° temI apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚ \mb-

I≥ F∂ \ne-bn¬ hmƒkvSo-‰nse Ne-\-ß-fpsS ]Xym-Lm-X-ßƒ

AhnsS amX-a√ temI-ØmsI A\p-`-h-s∏-Spw. ]n∂n´ BgvN

hmƒkvSo-‰n¬ kw`-hn-®Xv Hcp `qIºw Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. C¥ym

alm-k-ap-Z-Øn-ep-≠mb Hcp `qIºw temI-Øns‚ hnZq-c-ÿ-amb

taJ-e-I-fn¬t]mepw kp\manØnc-I-fmbn hn\miw kr„n-®-Xn\v

kam-\-am-Wn-Xpw. hmƒkvSo‰v ]`-h-tI-µ-am-bn-´p≈ Cu `qIºw

temI-ØmsI kr„n-°m≥ t]mIp∂ kmº-ØnI kp\man FX-

tØmfw hn\m-i-I-c-am-Ip-sa∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ C\nbpw ka-b-sa-Sp-

°pw. F¥m-bmepw hmƒkvSo-‰nse XI¿®-bpsS ]I-º-\-ßƒ C¥y-

bpƒs∏sS F√m-bn-SØpw A\p- -h-s∏Spw F∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√.

Ata-cn-°-bnse Ct∏m-gsØ kw -h-hn-Im-k-ßƒ s]s -s∂m-cp-Zn-

hkw D≠m-b-X-√. GXm≠v Hcp sIm√-ambn XpS¿∂p-h-cp∂ h-\-

hmbv]m ]Xn-k-‘n-bpsS kvt^mS-\m-fl-I-amb Hcp ]cn-WXn Bbn-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

cp∂p Ign™ BgvN D≠m-b-Xv. Ata-cn-°≥ s^U-d¬ dnk¿hv

t_m¿Uns‚ sNb¿am-\m-bn-cp∂ Ae≥ Ko≥ kv]m\ns‚ ImeØv

XpS°w Ipdn® A\n-b-¥n-Xhpw hnth-N\ cln-X-hp-amb hmbv]m

\S-]-Sn-I-fmWv Ct∏m-gsØ ]Xn-k-‘n°v apJy-Im-cWw F∂ hmZw

i‡-am-Wv. dnb¬ FtÃ‰v cwKsØ Dul-°-®-h-S-Ønse A\¥

km[y-X-Ifpw hºn® em`hpw e£y-am-°n-s°m-≠mWv Ko≥kv]m≥

Ipd™ ]en-ibv°v DZm-c-amb hmbv]Iƒ \¬Im≥ _m¶pIsfbpw

[\-Imcy ÿm]-\-ß-tfbpw t]m’mln-∏n-®-Xv. CXm-Is´ [\-hn-]-

Wn-bnepw AXn-cp-I-fn-√mØ Dul-°-®-h-S-Øn-\n-S-bm-°n. DZm-c-ambn

`-h\ hmbv]-Iƒ sImSp-Øp-Xp-S-ßnb ]Wb _m¶p-Iƒ hmbv]

sImSp-°m-\p≈ ]W-Øn-\mbn \nt£] _m¶p-Isf (InvestmentBank) h≥tXmXn¬ Bi-bn-®p. \nt£] _m¶p-I-fm-Is´ h≥tXm-

Xn-ep≈ hmbv]-Isf apgp-h≥ t_m-≠p-I-fm°n hn]-Wn-bn-en--d-°n.

temI-Øm-sI-bp≈ _m¶p-Iƒ, C≥jp- -d≥kv ÿm]-\-ßƒ, a‰p

[\-Imcy ÿm]-\-ßƒ F∂nh Cu t_m≠p-I-fn¬ oa-ambn ]Ww

\nt£]n-®p. Cu NqXm- -Øn¬ hmbv] hmßn-bhcpambn \nt£]

_m¶p-Iƒ t\cn v _‘-an√ F∂-Xm-Wv hkvXp-X. BcmWv bYm¿∞-

Øn¬ hmbv] hmßn-bn-cn-°p∂Xv F∂pw Ah-cpsS hnizm-ky-Xbpw

Xncn-®dn-hns‚ tijnbpw FX-am-X-ap≠v F∂pw \nt£] _m¶p-

Iƒ°v t\cn- -dn-bn-√. h-\-hm-bv]-I-fpsS Xncn-®-Shv hym]-I-ambn apS-

ßp-Ibpw dnb¬ FtÃ‰v hne-Iƒ XI-cp-Ibpw sNbvX-tXmsS hmbv]

\¬Inb ]W-b-_m-¶p-Iƒ s]mfn-™p. ]W-b-_m-¶p-I-fpsS ]Xn-

k‘n \nt£] _m¶p-I-sfbpw IS-∏-X-ß-fn¬ ]Ww apS-°nb

ÿm]-\-ß-sf-bp-sa√mw _m[n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

`h-\-hm-bv]-I-tfbpw dnb¬ FtÃ‰v taJ-e-I-sfbpw tIµo-I-cn®v

i‡n-s∏´ Dul-°-®-h-S-Øn¬ [\-hn-]-Wn-bn¬ ]pXnb [\ DXv]-

∂-ßƒ (Derivatives) hym]-I-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ k¶o¿Æ-amb Hcp [\ D¬∏-∂-amWv sIUn‰v

Un^mƒ v kzm∏v (Credit Defalut Swap) AYhm kn Un Fkv. XI¿®-

bn¬ \n∂v c£n-°m≥ bp Fkv c-W-IqSw Gs‰-SpØ C≥jp-d≥kv

`oI-c-\mb F.sF.Pn.kn.Un.Fkv [\-D¬∏-∂-ßfpsS hn]-W\

cwKsØ ]apJ ÿm]-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. amX-a-√, Chbv°v F sF Pn

C≥jpd≥kv ]cn-c-£bpw G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. F sF PnbpsS

15Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


XI¿®bv°v ][m-\-Im-cWw CXm-bn-cp-∂p. F¥mWv kn Un Fkv ?

IS-∏-X-ß-fpsS dnkvIv ssIam‰w sNøp∂ Hcp D¬∏-∂-am-Wn-Xv. IS-

∏-X-ß-fn-t∑-ep≈ Hcp Xc-Øn-ep≈ C≥jp-d≥km-Wn-sX∂v ]d-bmw.

AXm-bXv Hcp Iº-\n-bpsS IS-∏-X-ßƒ°v Kymc≠n \¬Ip∂ kn

Un Fkv thsdmcp [\-Imcyÿm]\w hn]-Wn-bn-en-d-°p-∂p. IS-∏-

X-ß-fn¬ ]Ww \nt£-]n® aq∂m-asØ ÿm]-\-Øn\v IS-∏Xw

hn]-Wn-bn-en-d-°nb Iº\n s]mfn-™mepw kn Un Fkv hmßn-bn-

´p-s≠-¶n¬ ]Ww \„-s∏-Sn-√. kn Un Fkv hn]-Wn-bn-en-d-°nb [\-

Imcy ÿm]-\-Øn¬\n∂v s]mfn™ Iº-\n-bpsS IS-∏-X-ß-fn¬

apS-°nb ]Ww CuSm-°m≥ Ah-Imiw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. Cßs\ [-

\-hn-]-Wn-bnse \qX-\hpw k¶o¿Æhpw Bb D¬∏-∂-ßƒ D]-tbm-

Kn®v \S-Øp∂ e°n-√m-ØXpw IÆn-I-fmbn ]S¿∂p-In-S-°p-∂-Xp-amb

NqXm- -amWv [\-aq-e-[-\-Øm¬ \bn-°-s∏-Sp∂ BtKm-f-h¬°-cW

]In-b-bpsS apJ-apZ. Cu NqXm-´-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ Hcp IÆn XIcp-

tºmƒ as‰√mw XI-cp-Ibpw [\-hn-]-Wn-sbbpw kºZvL-S-\sb

BsIbpw AXv ]nSn-®p-e-bv°p-Ibpw Duln-°m≥ Ign-bmØ ]Xym-

Lm-X-ßƒ°v CS-bm-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

Ata-cn-°-bnse [\-Im-cy-ÿm-]-\-ß-fpsS H∂n-\p-]p-dsI as‰m∂v

F∂ \ne-bn-ep≈ A`q-X-]q¿∆-amb XI¿®-bpsS ]›m-Øew CXm-

Wv. XI¿®-bpsS Bghpw hym]vXn-bp-am-Is´ Akm-[m-c-W-hp-am-Wv.

Hcp h¿jtØm-f-ambn hj-fmbn h∂ h-\-hmbv]m ]Xn-k‘n Hcp

X-I¿®-bn-te°v \bn-°p-∂-Xns‚ BZy-e-£-W-ßƒ I≠Xv GXm

\pw amkw apºm-bn-cp-∂p. s_b¿ tÃ¨kv F∂ [\-Imcy ÿm]-

\-Øns‚ ]Xn-k-‘n-tbm-sS-bm-bn-cp∂p XpS-°w. s_b¿tÃ¨kns\

c£n-s®-Sp-°m≥ Ata-cn-°≥ c-W-IqSw hn\n-tbm-Kn-®Xv GI-tZiw*

25 _ney¨ (G-Xm≠v 120,000-tImSn cq]) tUmf-dm-bn-cp-∂p. (Nn-Zw-

_cw Im¿jnI ISm-izm-k-Øn\v \o°n-sh-°p-sa-∂v ]d-™- XpIbpsS

Cc-´n-hcpw Cu Hcp ÿm]-\sØ c£n-°m-\mbn _pjv c-W-IqSw

sNe-hn´ kwJy F∂v ]ikvX ]X-]-h¿Ø-I≥ ]n. kmbv\mYv

\nco-£n-®Xv it≤-b-am-Wv.) F∂m¬ AXv hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ henb

kw`h ]c-º-c-IfpsS tIfn-sIm´v amX-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ata-cn-°-bnse

* hn\n-a-b-\n-c-°n¬ AX-Xp-Im-eØv tUmf-dn-\p-≠mb aqey-tim-j-WsØ (hne-

bn-Sn-hv) IqSn ]cn-K-Wn-°m≥ Xm¬]-cyw.


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

]apJ ]Wb hmbv]m ÿm]-\-ß-fmb ^m\n-ta-bp-sSbpw ^Õn

am°n-s‚bpw XI¿®-tbmsS ]Xn-k‘n Ct∏m-gsØ cq£-amb

ÿnXn-bn-te-s°-Øn. Ata-cn-°-bnse ]W-b-hm-bv]-bpsS apJy ]¶v

Cu ÿm]-\-ßƒ°m-bn-cp-∂p. Ch-bpsS hmbv]-Iƒ°v bp Fkv

Kh¨sa‚ns‚ Kymc≠n D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ temIsØ ]ap-J-

amb Ht´sd _m¶p-Iƒ Ch-bpsS IS-∏-X-ß-fn¬ \nt£-]n-®n-cp-∂p.

C°m-c-W-ßƒ sIm≠p-Xs∂ Ata-cn-°≥ c-W-IqSw Cu ÿm]-

\-ßsf c£n-s®-Sp-°m≥ cwK-Øn-d-ßn. CXn-\mbn 200 _ney¨

tUmf¿ hsc sNe-h-gn-°m-\p≈ ]≤-Xn-bmWv Xøm-dm-°n-bn-cn-°p-

∂Xv.

^m\n-ta°pw ^Õn ta°n\pw sXm´p-]n-∂mse enam≥_-tZ¿kv

XI¿∂-t∏mƒ ]t£ Ata-cn-°≥ `c-W-IqSw CS-s]-ń-√.AXns\

XpS¿∂v enam≥ ]m∏-cmbn ]Jym-]n-°m≥ tImS-Xn-bn¬ l¿Pn \¬Ip-

I-bm-bncp∂p. Ata-cn-°-bnse Bdm-asØ henb [\-Imcy ÿm]-

\-am-bn-cp∂ enam\v 158 h¿-jsØ ]mc-º-cy-ap-≠v. 1929- se alm-amµyw

(Great Depression) F∂-dn-b-s∏´ Ncn-X-Ønse G‰hpw hen-b ]Xn-

k-‘n-sb-t∏mepw AXn-Po-hn® ÿm]-\-amWv enam≥ Ft∂m¿°-Ww.

G-I-tZiw \ΩpsS 282000 tImSn cq]°p Xpey-amb tUmf-dm-bn-cp∂p

enams‚ \„w. Ata-cn-°-bnepw temIØv ]e-bn-S-Øp-ap≈ Ht´sd

ÿm]-\-ß-fp-ambn enam≥ _tZ-gvkn\v CS-]m-Sp-Ifpw _‘-hp-ap-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. C¥y-bnse sF kn sF kn k_vkn-Udn Hcp-Zm-l-c-W-am-

Wv. 375 tImSn cq]-bmWv sF kn sF kn _m¶ns‚ e≠≥ k_vkn-

Udn enam-\n¬ \nt£-]n-®n-´p-≈-Xv. F∂m¬ enams‚ XI¿®

tbmsSbpw Imcy-ß-ƒ Ah-km-\n-®n-√. Ata-cn-°-bnse G‰hpw henb

C≥jp-d≥kv òa-\mb F sF Pn (American International Group)bpsS-Xm-bn-cp∂p ASpØ Dugw. \nIp-Xn-Zm-b-Is‚ ]Ww D]-tbm-

Kn®v enams\ c£n-°n√ F∂p ]d™ Ata-cn-°≥ Sjdn

Un∏m¿ vsa‚n-sebpw sÛ-d¬ dnk¿∆n-tebpw D∂-X-cp-sS Im¬ap v

Iqń CSn-®p. ImcWw F sF Pn IqSn XI-cp-∂Xv Ata-cn-°≥

kºZvLS-\-bn-ep≈ hnizmkw Xo¿Øpw \„-s∏-Sm≥ CS-bm°pw

F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p ÿnXn. temIsØ 130 cmPy-ß-fn¬ CS-]m-Sp-Ifpw

743 e£w D]-t`m-‡m-°fpw 1,16,000 Poh-\-°mcpw D≈ F sF Pnsb

c£n-°m-\m-hp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]n∂n´ Hº-Xp -am-k-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ amXw

17Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


F sF Pn t\cn´ \„w G-I-tZiw \ΩpsS 87,000 tImSn- Bbn-cp-∂p.

]m∏-co-I-cWw ap∂n¬I≠ F sF Pn BkvXn-Iƒ hn‰-gn-°m≥

Xocp-am-\n-®p. hnam\w ]m -Øn\v \¬Ip∂ _nkn-\kv \S-Øp∂ F

sF Pn Xß-fpsS Bbncw hnam-\-ßfpw hn‰-gn-°m≥ \n›-bn-®n-cn-

°p-∂p. enam\p ]n∂mse F sF Pn IqSn ]m∏-cmbnØo¿∂m-ep≈

Ah-ÿ-sb-°p-dn-t®m¿Øv Dd°w \„-s∏´ Ata-cn-°≥ c-W-IqSw

enams‚ Imcy-Øn-se-SpØ \ne-]mSv 24 aWn-°q-dn-I\w Xncp-Øn. Ata-

cn-°≥ c-W-Iq-S-Øn-s‚bpw [\-Imcy hnZ-Kv[-cp-sSbpw A‘m-fn∏pw

Bi-b-°p-g∏hpw apgp-h≥ ]I-S-am-bn. F sF Pnbv°v GXm≠v

\ΩpsS 4,00,000 tImSn-cq-]bv°p Xpey-amb tUmf-dns‚ Hcp ]m-t°Pv

Ata-cn-°≥ sÛ-d¬ dnk¿hv ]Jym-]n-®p. CX-\-\p-k-cn®v sF

sF PnbpsS Hml-cn-I-fn¬ 79.9 iX-am\w k¿°m-cn\v ssIamdn. F

sF Pnbv°p tijw as‰mcp ]apJ \nt£] _m¶mb sadn¬ en©v

XI¿® Hgn-hm-°m≥ _m¶v Hm v Ata-cn° Gs‰-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

_m¶v Hm^v Ata-cn° CXn-\mbn apS-°n-bXv 50 _ney¨ tUmf¿

(23,500tImSn cq]) BWv.

IW-°p-Iƒ \¬Ip-∂Xv AKm-[-amb Hcp ]Xn-k-‘-nbpsS bm-

\-I-amb NnX-am-Wv. \qtdmfw [\-Imcy ÿm]-\-ßƒ Ata-cn-°-

bn¬ ]Xn-k-‘n-bn-em-Wv. Ch CXn-\Iw In´m-°-S-ambn BtKmf

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ G-Xm≠v 26 e£w tImSn cq]bv°p Xpey-amb

tUmf¿ Fgp-Xn-Ø-≈n. C\nbpw hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ _m[y-X-Iƒ IqSn

IW-°n-se-Sp-Øm¬ G-Xm≠v \ΩpsS 47 e£w tImSn cq]bv°p

Xpey-amb tUmf¿ thsdbpw th≠n-h-cp-sa-∂mWv IW-°v. CXp-hsc

Ata-cn-°≥ sÛ-d¬ dnk¿hv amXw G-I-tZiw \ΩpsS 115 e£w

tImSn cq]bv°p kam-\-am-bX tUmf¿, ]Xn-k‘n t\cn-Sm-\mbn

hn]-Wn-bn¬ Hgp-°n-b-Xv. bqtdm-]y≥ tIµ _m¶v, _m¶v Hm v Cw•-

≠v, Pm∏-\okv tIµ _m¶v, It\-Un-b≥ tIµ-_m¶v F∂n-h-sb√mw

IqSn GI-tZiw \ΩpsS 75 e£w tImSn cq]bv°p Xpey-am-bX

tUmf¿ thsdbpw hn]-Wn-bn-te°v ]ºp sNøp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ct∏m-

gsØ XI¿®-bpsS ê-ambn 10 h≥InS BtKmf _m¶p-I-fpsS

hn]Wn aqey-Øn¬ G-I-tZiw \ΩpsS 51 e£w tImSn cq]bv°p

Xpe-am-bX tUmf-dns‚ CSn-hmWv D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Ata-cn-°≥ `c-W-IqSw Ncn-X-Ønse G‰hpw henb c£m-]-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

h¿Ø-\-amWv Ct∏mƒ \S-Øp-∂-Xv. ]Xn-k-‘nsb t\cn-Sm-\mbn

_pjv c-W-IqSw \n¿t±-in-®n- p≈ ]pXnb ]≤Xn G-I-tZiw \ΩpsS

33 e£w tImSn cq]bm-Wv. dn∏-ªn-°≥ Utam-Im-‰nIv AwK-ß-fpsS

]n¥pW Cu ]≤-Xn°v e`n-°p-sa∂v hy‡-am-°-s∏- n- p-≈-Xn-\m¬

bp Fkv tIm¨K-kn¬ CXv ]mkm-Ip-sa-∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. ]Xn-

k‘n òa-am-b-Xn-\m¬ AXv t\cn-Sm-\p≈ ]≤-Xnbpw òa-am-Wv

F∂mWv ]kn-U‚ v _pjv ]d-™-Xv. ]≤-Xn-bpsS AS-¶¬ XpI

CdmJv bp≤-Øns‚ CXp-h-sc-bp≈ Nne-hn\v Xpey-hpw. s]‚-K-Wns‚

hm¿jnI _P-‰n-t\-°mƒ IqSp-X-ep-am-sW∂v \yqtbm¿°v ssSwkv

Nq≠n-°m-Wn°p-∂p. ]≤Xn XpI P\-kwJym\p-]m-Xn-I-ambn hoXn-

®m¬ Hmtcm Ata-cn°°m-c\pw 200 tUmf¿ e`n-°p-sa∂pw

\yqtbm¿°v ssSwkv ]d-bp-∂p. Cu òa-amb ]mt°Pv Ata-cn-°-

bpsS tZiob IS-Øns‚ ]cn[n 11.3 Sney¨ tUmf-dmbn(G-I-tZiw

515 e£w tImSn cq]) Db¿Øm-\n-S-bm-°p-sa∂pw ]Xw hy‡-am-

°p-∂p. Ct∏mƒ 500 _ney¨ tUmf¿ FØn-\n¬°p∂ Ata-cn-°-

bpsS _P‰v IΩn C\nbpw KWy-ambn h¿≤n-°m\pw Cu c£m-]m-

t°Pv CS-bm-°p-sa∂pw hnZ-Kv[¿ ]h--Nn-°p-∂p. Ata-cn-°-bp-sSbpw

temI apX-em-fn-Ø-Ø-n-s‚bpw Ncn-X-Øn¬ 1929-˛\p tijw kw`-

hn® G‰hpw henb ]Xn-k‘n F-∂mWv Cu XI¿®sb kmº-

ØnI imkvX-⁄cpw hnZ-Kv≤cpw hnti-jn-∏n-°p∂Xv. AXn-\m¬

CXns‚ ]Xym-Lm-X-ßƒ apgp-h≥ Ct∏mƒ-A-\p-am-\n-°m-hp-∂-X-√.

bp.-Fkv. kºZvhyh-ÿsb Hcp amµy-Øn-te°v (Recession) CXp

\bn-°p-sa∂ Imcy-Øn¬ B¿°pw `n∂m-`n-]m-b-an-√. Cu amµyw

BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬ i‡-am-bn ]Xn- -en-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. BtKm-f-

km-º-ØnI hf¿®m \nc°v CSn-bp-sa∂v Ct∏m-gsØ XI¿®bv°v

aptº sF Fw F v apX¬ UNCTAD hsc-bp≈ GP≥kn-Iƒ Nq≠n-

°m-Wn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-t∂m¿°-Ww. Cu ]h-W-Xsb ]pXnb kw`h

hnIm-k-ßƒ cq£-am-°pw. BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬ amµy-Øn-t‚-Xmb ]h-

W-X-IfpsS G‰hpw henb ]Xym-LmXw sXmgn-en-√mbva cq£-am-

hpI F∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. Ata-cn-°≥ [\-Im-cy-ta-J-e-I-fn¬ Cu h¿jw

CXn-\Iw Xs∂ 10,00,000 sXmgn-ep-Iƒ \„-s∏ń- p-≠v. ]pXnb kml-

N-cy-Øn¬ 50,000 t]¿°p IqSn Cu taJ-e-bn¬ sXmgn¬ \„-s∏-Sp-

sa-∂mWv IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. amX-a-√, Cu taJ-e-bn¬ e`n-°p∂

19Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


Db¿∂ iº-f-Ønepw KWy-amb Ipdhp hcpw. [\-Imcy taJ-ebnse

Hmtcm Poh-\-°m-c\pw a‰p taJ-e-I-fn¬ Npcp-ßn-bXv \mep-t]¿s°-

¶nepw sXmgn¬ \¬In-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv IW-°v. AXm-bXv [\-Im-

cy-ta-J-e-bnse sXmgn¬ \-„-Øns‚ \men-cń sXmgn¬ \„w a‰pta-

J-e-I-fn¬ kw`-hn-°p-sa-∂¿∞w. Ata-cn-°≥ kºZvhyh-ÿsb

Gsd Bi-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂-XmWv C¥y-bnse tkh\-ta-J-e. C¥y-

bnse sF Sn taJ-e-bnse hcp-am-\-Øns‚ 60 iX-am-\hpw Ata-cn-

°-bn¬ \n∂m-Wv. C¥y-bn¬ Cu cwK-ß-fn¬ sXmgn¬ \„-ap-≠m-

Ip-sa-∂mWv CXn-\¿∞w. B ]h-W-X-Iƒ CXn-\Iw Xs∂ ]I-S-

am-bn-°-gn-™p. sF Sn Iº-\n-Ifpw a‰pw Poh-\-°m-cpsS FÆw shń-

°p-d®pw iºfw Ipd-®p-sa√mw ]pXnb kml-N-cy-ßsf t\cn-Sm-\p≈

Xøm-sd-Sp∏v XpS-ßn-°-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Ata-cn-°≥ hn]-Wnsb Gsd

Bi-bn-°p∂ C¥y≥ sSIvssÃ¬ hn]-Wn-bnse Ct∏mƒ

Xs∂bp≈ ]Xn-k‘n IqSp-X¬ cq£-am-hp-sa∂ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Ifpw

Ah-K-Wn-°m-\m-hn-√. Ata-cn-°≥ XI¿®sb XpS¿∂v Hmlcn hn]-

Wn-bn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ Nm©m-- -ß-ƒ cq]-bpsS aqey-tim-j-W-Øn-\n-S-bm-

°pw. CXv Cd-°p-a-Xn-®n-e-hp-Iƒ KWy-ambn h¿≤n°p-∂-Xn\v Imc-

W-am-Ipw. Npcp-°n-∏-d-™m¬ apX-em-fnØ ]Xn-k-‘n-bpsS Ct∏m-

gsØ mchpw IqSp-X-embn hln-t°-≠n-h-cnI A≤zm-\n-°p∂ hn`m-

K-ßfpw km[m-c-W-°mcpw Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw. kmam-PyXzw Xß-fpsS

\h sImtfm-Wn-b¬ Nqj-Whpw IS-∂m-I-a-Whpw i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-

∂-Xn\pw ]Xn-k‘n aq∂mw temI cmPy-ß-fp-sSbpw km[m-cW P\-

ß-fp-sSbpw Nne-hn¬ ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pam-bn-cn°pw ian-°p-I. AXv

Xncn-®-dn™v kmam-Py-Xz \b-ß-fpsS hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ ]pXnb BI-

a-Wßsf ]Xn-tcm-[n-°m≥ k÷-cm-hp-I-bmWv th≠-Xv.

C¥y-bn¬ XI¿® t\cn´p _m[n-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ ImcWw \h en_-

d¬ \b-ßƒs°-Xn-cmbn CS-Xp-]£w \S-Ønb sNdp-Øp-\n¬∏pX-

s∂-bm-sW∂ hkvXpX B¿°pw \ntj-[n-°m-\m-hn-√. _m¶p-I-fn¬

hntZi \nt£] ]cn[n 74 iX-am\w Bbpw C≥jp-d≥kn¬ 49

iX-am\w Bbpw Db¿Øm-\p≈ _n√p-Iƒ ]m¿e-sa‚n¬

]mkm°s∏Sm-Xn-cp-∂Xv CS-Xp-]-£-Øns‚ i‡-amb sNdp-Øp-\n¬-

∏p-sIm≠p amX-am-bn-cp-∂p. B _n√p-Iƒ ]mkm-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂p-sh-

¶n¬ C¥y≥ _m¶p-I-fp-sSbpw [\-Imcy ÿm]-\-ß-fp-sSbpw KXn


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

as‰m-∂m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. ImcWw Ct∏mƒ s]mfn™ ]e hº≥amcpw

C¥y≥ [\-Im-cy-ta-J-e-bn-te°v IS-∂p-h-cm\pw Chn-SpsØ kzImcy

ÿm]-\-ßƒ Gs‰-Sp-°m\pw X°w ]m¿Øn-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. (X-

I¿∂ F sF Pn (26 iX-am-\w) Sm‰-bp-ambn kwbp‡ kwcw- -Øn-

te¿-s∏- n-cp-∂p-sh-∂v Hm¿°-Ww.) CS-Xp-]£w FXn¿Ø-Xp-sIm≠v

amX-amWv B Zpc¥w kw -hn-°msX t]mb-Xv.

F¥m-bmepw hmƒkvSo-‰nse Zpc¥w \nb-¥W ap‡ kºZv

hyh-ÿ-bp-sSbpw hn]Wn F√mw \n›-bn-°p-sa∂ \h DZm-c-hmZ

h‡m-°-fp-sSbpw bp‡n-cm-lnXyw Xpd-∂p-Im-Wn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. hn-]-Wn-

bn¬ c-W-IqSw CS-s]-S-cp-sX∂v I¿°-i-ambn A\p-im-kn®p h∂n-

cp-∂-h¿ Ah-cpsS X´-I-Øn¬Xs∂ Kh¨sa‚ns‚ CS-s]-S-ep-

Iƒ°mbn apdhnfn Iq´p-∂-Xns‚ hntcm-[m- m-k--Øn\v temIw km£yw

hln-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. NqXm´w \SØn Xpe™ oa≥-amsc c£n-°m≥

HSp-hn¬ \nIp-Xn-Zm-b-Is‚ hnb¿s∏m-´nb ]Ww th≠n-h-∂p. ]mh-

s∏-´-h¿°v k_vkn-Un-Iƒ ]mSn-s√∂v ^Xvh ]pd--s∏-Sp-hn-®n-cp∂

hº-∑m¿ Ct∏mƒ \nIp-Xn-∏-W-Øns‚ k_vkn-Un-bn-emWv Poh≥

\ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xv. The age of turbulance F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ Bap-

J-Øn¬ \h DZm-c-hm-Z-Øns‚ h¿Ø-am\ ImesØ anin-lbpw Ata-

cn-°-bnse Ct∏m-gsØ ]Xn-k-‘n°p Imc-W-amb \-b-ß-fpsS

][m\kq-X-[m-c-\p-amb Ae≥ Ko≥ kv]m≥ apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚

ta∑-I-sf-°p-dn®v Du‰w sIm≠Xv Hcp h¿jw apºv amX-am-Wv.

At±lw Cßs\ FgpXn ˛ BtKmf apX-em-fnØ hyhÿ Im¬

\q‰m≠v apº-tØ-°mƒ hnim-e-amb hg-°-ap-≈Xpw ]q¿∆ ÿnXn

]m]n-°m-\p≈ Ign-hp-≈Xpw Xpd-∂Xpw kzbw Xncp-Øp-∂Xpw ZpX-

K-Xn-bn¬ amdp-∂-Xp-amb H∂m-Wv. shdpw Hcp h¿j-Øn-\p-tijw

Ko≥kv]m\ns‚ ]n≥Km-an-Iƒ Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂Xv BtKmf apX-em-

fnØw F´v ]Xn-‰m≠v (1929 se alm-am-µyw) apº-tØ-°mƒ H´pw

`Z-am-bn- n√ F∂m-Wv. hmƒkvSo‰n¬\n∂v c£-t\-S-W-sa∂ s]tem-

kn-bpsS Xncn-®-dn-sh-¶nepw a≥tam-l≥knw-Kn\pw NnZw-_-c-Øn\pw

samt≠Kv knwKv Aep-hm-en-bbv°pw D≠m-hptam?

c≠v

F-s¥mcp am‰w! aqe-[-\-K¿∆ns‚ ]Xo-I-am-bn-cp∂ hmƒkvSo‰v

21Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


C∂v AXn-s\-Xn-cmb sNdp-Øp-\n-ev]ns‚ Du¿÷-tkm-X- m-bn-cn-°p-

∂p. AhnsS \n∂v Ct∏m-gp-b-cp-∂Xv apX-em-fnØ Zq¿Øpw Nqj-W-

Øn\pw FXn-cmb \ne-bv°mØ apZm-hm-Iy-ß-fm-Wv. 2008¬ h-\-

hmbv]m ]Xn-k-‘n-bmbn XpS-ßn, hmƒkvSo‰nse `oa≥amsc

XI¿sØ-dn-™v, [\-Im-cy-ta-J-esb apgp-h≥ ]nSn-®p-e®v HSp-hn¬

Ata-cn-°≥ kº-ZvL-S-\-tbbpw apX-em-fnØ temI-sØ-bm-sIbpw

amµy-Øns‚ NXp-∏n-te°v X≈n-bn´ ]Xn-k-‘n-bn¬ \n∂p≈ Ic-

I-b-d¬ Ct∏mgpw A\n-›n-X-Xz-Øn-em-Wv. ]Xn-k-‘n°p Imc-W-

°m-cm-b-hsc c£n-°m≥ s]mXp-]Ww oa-ambn sNe-h-gn® Ata-cn-

°-bn-te-X-S-°-ap-≈ apX-em-fnØ c-W-Iq-S-ßƒ km[m-c-W-°mcpw

Zcn-Z-cp-amb alm- q-cn-]-£-Øns‚ sNe-hn¬ apX-em-fn-ØsØ c£n-

°m-\mWv ian-®-Xv. ]Xn-k-‘n-bpsS mchpw Zpcn-Xhpw apgp-h≥ P\-

ßƒ kln-t°≠n h∂-t∏mƒ \Sp-shm-Sn™v tcmK-i-ø-bn-em-bn-cp∂

aqe-[-\-i-‡n-Iƒ A\m-bmkw kpJw ]m]n®v ]q¿∆-ÿn-Xn-bn¬

Xncn-s®-Øn. amµyw Ata-cn-°-bnepw a‰v apX-em-fn-Ø-cm-Py-ß-fnepw

P\-ß-fpsS sXmgnepw hcp-am-\hpw Ih¿s∂Sp°p-Ibpw Ak-a-Xzhpw

Pohn-X-Ø-I¿®bpw cq£-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

apX-em-fnØ ]Xn-k‘n Fßn-s\-bmWv P\-Po-hn-XsØ

XI¿ØXv F∂p-t\m-°p-I. Ata-cn-°-bn¬ F¨]-Xp-Iƒ°p-tijw

Zmcn-Zy-Øns‚ \nc°v CX-tbsd thK-Øn¬ Db¿∂Xv Cu amµy-

Im-e-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. Ct∏m-gsØ IW-°-\p-k-cn®v cmPysØ Zcn-Z-

cpsS FÆw 46-Z-i-e-£-am-Wv. CXm-Is´ 1959-\p-ti-j-ap≈ G‰hpw

Db¿∂ FÆ-am-Wv. Ata-cn-°-bnse G‰hpw ]pXnb sk≥kkv

IW-°p-Iƒ ]Imcw P\-kw-Jy-bn¬ Bdnsem∂pw Zcn-Z-cm-Wv.

2008 XpS-ßnb amµy-Øn-\p-tijw XpS¿®-bmbn aq∂mw-h¿jhpw icm-

icn IpSpw-_-h-cp-am\w CSn-bp-Ibpw Zmcn-Zy-Øns‚ \nc°v IqSp-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p F∂v sk≥kkv _yqtdm ]d-bp-∂p. sXmgnen-√mbva

\nc°v HutZym-KnI IW-°-\p-k-cn®v 9i-X-am-\-Øn-\p-ap-I-fn¬ FØn-

bn-cn-°p∂p. AXm-bXv 14 Zi-e£w Ata-cn-°-°m¿ sXmgn¬ cln-

X-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂p F∂¿∞w. AtX-k-abw cmPysØ kº∂ \yq\-

]-£-Øns‚ hcp-am\w h¿≤n-°p-I-X-s∂-bmWv cmPysØ P\-kw-

Jy-bn¬ apIƒØ- n-ep≈ Hcp iX-am-\-Øns‚ tZio-b-h-cp-am-\-Øn-

ep≈ hnlnXw 1970-I-fn¬ shdpw 8i-X-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂Xv Ct∏mƒ 20-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

i-X-am-\-ambn Db¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. IqSp-X¬ t]¿ sXmgn-en-√m-bva-bn-

te°pw Zmcn-Zy-Øn-te°pw ]Xn-®-t∏mƒ kº-∂-\yq-\-]-£-Øns‚

hcp-am\w IqSn-b-Xn-\¿∞w Ak-aXzw s]cpIn F∂m-Wv.

P\-ßsf Zpcn-X-°-b-Øn-te°v hen-s®-dn™v kzbw c£n-°m≥

apX-em-fnØw \S-Ønb iaw t\m°p-I. sÛ-d¬ dnk¿∆v A[n-

Ir-X¿ Ata-cn-°≥ tIm¨K- ns\ Adn-bn-®Xv [-\-Im-cy-ÿm-]-\-

ßsf c£n-s®-Sp-°m\p≈ c£m-]-≤-Xn-Iƒ°mbn BsI 27 Sney¨

(Sn-ey¨=e£w-tImSn) tUmf¿ sNe-h-gn-®p-sh-∂m-Wv. CXv Ata-cn-

°-bpsS tZio-b-h-cp-am-\-amb 14 Sney¨ tUmf-dns‚ Cc- n-tbm-f-am-

sW∂v Hm¿°p-I. Ata-cn-°-bn-se-∂-t]mse an°-bq-tdm-]y≥ cmPy-

ß-fnepw apX-em-fnØ c-W-Iq-S-ßƒ tIm¿∏-td-‰p-Isf c£n-°m≥

I-W-°n-√msX ]W-sam-gp-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. C¥y-bnse c≠mw-bp-]nF

k¿°mcpw Ign™ aq∂p-h¿j-Øn-\p-≈n¬ amXw amµyw t\cn-Sm-

\p≈ DtØ-PI ]mt°Pv F∂-t]-cn¬ 13-e£w tImSnbn-tesd cq]-

bpsS \nIpXn Cf-hp-Ifpw B\p-Iq-ey-ß-fp-amWv tIm¿∏-td-‰p-Iƒ°v

\¬In-b-Xv.

Ata-cn-°-bn-tebpw a‰v bqtdm-]y≥ cmPy-ß-fn-tebpw apX-em-fnØ

`c-W-Iq-S-ßƒ tIm¿∏-td-‰p-Isf c£n-°m-\mbn ]Ww Is≠-Øm≥

òa-amb tXmXn¬ hmbv]-Iƒ hmßn-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-bXv tIm¿∏-td-

‰p-Iƒ hcp-Øn-sh® ISw c-W-Iq-S-ßƒ Gs‰-Sp-Øp-sh∂v A¿∞w.

AtXmsS B IS-`mcw P\-ß-fmsI Npa-°-W-sa-∂m-bn. Cßs\

P\-ß-fpsS sNe-hn¬ \S-∏m-°nb c£m-]-≤-Xn-I-fpsS _e-Øn¬

]Xn-k-‘n°p Imc-W-°m-cmb tIm¿∏-td‰v oa≥am¿ an°-hcpw Ic-

I-b-dp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]Xn-k-‘n°v apJy DØ-c-hm-Zn-I-fmbn IW-

°m-°-s∏-Sp∂ sP.]n-. tam¿K≥ tNkv, kn‰n-Kq-∏v, _m¶v-Hm v Ata-

cn-°, tKmƒkvam≥km-Ivkv F∂n-h¿ Dul-°-®-hSw ]q¿∆m-[nIw

Du¿÷n-X-ambn XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. [\-Imcy Dul-°-®S

hn]-Wn-bnse CS-]m-Sp-I-fpsS 90-i-X-am-\hpw C∂v \nb-¥n-°p-∂Xv

Cu \mev oa≥am-cm-Wv. _m¶v Hm v Ata-cn° 2011s‚ BZy Bdp-

am-k-Øn-\p-≈n¬ 307-tImSn tUmf¿ em`w D≠m-°n-b-t∏mƒ

tKmƒkvam≥ kmIvkv AXns‚ Db¿∂ FIvkn-Iyq-ó-hp-Iƒ°v

t_mW-kn-\mbn am‰n-sh-®Xv 523-tUm-f-dmWv! C°q- ¿°v \jvS-s∏- -

sX√mw hos≠-Sp-°m\pw ho≠pw NqXm´w \SØn sIm≈-em`w

23Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


sImøm\pw c£m-]m-t°-Pp-Iƒ hgn-sbm-cp-°n. F∂m¬ amµyw-aqew

sXmgnepw hcp-am-\hpw \jvS-s∏ v PohnXw XI¿∂ km[m-cW a\p-

jy¿t°m? Ah¿°p Bizm-k-ta-Ip∂ Hcp c£m-]-≤-Xnbpw D≠m-

bn√ F∂p-am-X-a√ Ahsc IqSp-X¬ ]ngn-bp-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-Wv.

tIm¿∏-td‰v c£m ]mt°-Pp-Iƒ°mbn c-W-Iq-S-ßƒ ISw-hm-ßn-

°qń IS-`mcw s]cp-InbXns‚ t]cn¬ sNehp Npcp-°¬ ASn-t®-

ev]n®p XpS-ßn. sNe-hp-Np-cp-°-ens‚ mK-ambn iº-fw, s]≥j-\p-

Iƒ, kmaq-ln-I-t£-a-s®-e-hp-Iƒ F∂n-h-sb√mw KWy-ambn shń-

®p-cp-°n-bXv amµy-Øns‚ Cc-I-fmb km[m-cW P\-ß-fpsS XI¿∂

Po-hn-XsØ IqSp-X¬ izmkw-ap- n-®p. tIm¿∏-td-‰p-I-fpsS em`w Cd-

∏p-h-cp-Øm\pw apX-em-fnØ hyh-ÿsb c£n-°m\pw Xßsf ]ngn-

bp-I-bm-sW∂v Xncn-®-dn™ P\-ßƒ ]Xn-tj-[-hp-ambn sXcp-hn-en-

d-ßn. km¿∆-tZ-iob [\-aq-e-[-\-Øns‚ Bÿm-\hpw Ata-cn-°≥

K¿∆ns‚ AS-bm-f-hpam hmƒkvSo‰v ]t£m-`-ß-fm¬ ]I-º\w

sIm≠p. 2011 sk]vXw-_¿ 11-ap-X¬ hmƒkvSo‰v ]t`m-`-Im-cn-Iƒ

]nSn-®-S-°n. Ata-cn-°≥ c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ ASn-®-a¿-Ø-ep-I-sf-sb√mw

AXn-Po-hn®v ]nSn-s®-Sp-°¬ ]t£m`w Ct∏mgpw XpS-cp-∂p.

temh¿am≥lm´-\nse kpt°mń ]m¿°n¬ \n∂v XpS-ßnb

hmƒkvSo‰v ]nSn-s®-Sp-°¬ ]t£m- -Øns‚ ]I-º-\-ßƒ temIw

apgp-h≥ A\p-`-h-s∏-´p-Xp-S-ßn. Ata-cn-°-bnse 300-tesd \K-c-ß-

fn¬ sFIy-Zm¿Vy ]t£m- -ßƒ \S-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. temI-ØmsI

82 cmPy-ß-fnse 951 \K-c-ß-fnepw sFIy-Zm¿Vyw ]I-Sn-∏n®v ]Xn-

\m-bn-c-ßƒ AWn-\n-c-∂p. P\-ß-fpsS ZpcnXw h¿≤n-∏n-°p∂ \h-

en-_-d¬ \b-ßƒs°-Xn-cmb s]mXp-]-Wn-ap-S-°p-Ifpw h≥ dm-en-Ifpw

a‰v ]t£m- -ßfpw Kokv, t]m¿®p-K¬, kvs]bn≥, C‰-en, _n´≥,

^m≥kv XpSßn At\Iw cmPy-ß-fn¬ A\p-Zn\w i‡n-s∏- p-sIm-

≠n-cn-°p-∂p. aqe-[-\-Øn-t‚bpw Nqj-W-Øn-t‚bpw BtKm-f-h¬°-

c-W-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb t]mcm- -Øns‚ BtKm-f-h¬°-cWw kw -hn-®p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p F∂v A¿∞w.

Cu ]S-cp∂ ]t£m- -ß-fp-sS, ]tXy-In®v hmƒkvSo‰v ]ÿm-

\-Øns‚ G‰hpw henb khn-ti-jX AXns‚ kz`mhw apX-em-fn-

ØsØ Hcp hyhÿ F∂ \ne-bn¬ FXn¿°p∂p F∂-XmWv.

Fs¥-¶nepw Nne Bh-iy-ßƒ apt∂m- p-sh-®p-sIm≠pw Ah-bpsS


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

]cn-lmcw Bh-iy-s∏- p-sIm-≠p-a√ apX-em-fnØw F∂ hyh-ÿ-s°-

Xn-cmb ÿqe-X-e-Øn-ep≈ BI-a-W-am-W-Xv. hmƒkvSo-‰ns\

e£yw sh°pI hgn km¿∆-tZ-iob [\-aq-e-[-\-Øns‚ ta[m-hn-

XzsØ Xs∂ sh√p-hn-fn-°p-I-bmWv hmƒkvSo‰v ]ÿm\w sNøp-

∂-Xv. ka-c-ap-J-Øp-b¿∂ apJy-ap-Zm-hmIyw 99-i-X-am-\hpw Hcp iX-

am-\hpw XΩn¬ F∂-Xm-Wv. h¿§-k-acw F∂ apZm-hm-Iyhpw

AhnsS \n∂v \nc-¥cw Db¿∂p-tIƒ°p-∂p. Nne Xm¬°m-enI

Bh-iy-ß-tftbm ASn-b-¥nc e£y-ß-tftbm ap≥\n¿Øn-b√ Nqj-

Wm-[n-jvTn-X-amb apX-em-fnØ hyh-ÿ-sb-Øs∂ \ncm-I-cn-

°p∂XmWv Cu ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ cmjvSob D≈-S°w F∂

\nco£WØns‚ ]›m-Øew CXm-Wv. hy‡-amb ]Xy-b-imkvX

]≤-Xn-bp-tSbpw AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ Hcp ]cn-]m-Sn-bp-tSbpw

icn-bmb Hcp t\Xr-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw A`mhw XpS-ßn-b-hsb√mw Cu

]ÿm-\-Øns‚ ]cn-an-Xn-I-fm-Wv. am¿Ivkn-k-Øm¬ ]tNm-Zn-Xhpw

AXn¬ ASn-bp-d-®-Xp-amWv F∂ Ah-Im-i-hmZw AXn-i-tbm-‡n-]-c-

am-Ip-sa-¶nepw Hcp-Imcyw \n w-ibw ]d-bmw. apX-em-fnØ ]Xn-k-

‘nbpw AXn¬\n∂v Db¿∂p-h∂ hmƒkvSo‰v ]ÿm-\hpw

am¿Ivkn-k-Øns‚ apX-em-fnØ hna¿i-\hpw \nK-a-\-ßfpw km[q-

I-cn-°p-∂p. kmaq-ln-I-amb D¬∏m-Z-\hpw hy‡n-K-X-amb Iø-S-°epw

XΩn-ep≈ sshcp-≤yw, D¬∏m-Z\ ]In-b-bn¬ Xs∂ A¥¿eo-\-

amb Nqj-W-kz- mhw apX-em-fn-ØsØ NmIn-I-amb ]Xn-k-‘n-I-

fn-te°pw \bn-°p-sa∂ am¿IvknÃv hni-I-e-\-Øns‚ icn IqSp-X¬

t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-XmWv C∂sØ BtKmf kml-N-cy-ßƒ.

XI¿® Bk-∂-ambn F∂v hymtam-ln-®q-Iq-sS-¶nepw apX-em-fn-Ø-

Øn-s\-Xn-cmb ]t£m- -ßƒ i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-tXm-sSm∏w AXn¬

DX-Ip∂ Bibw F∂ \ne-bn¬ am¿Ivkn-k-Øns‚ ]m[m-\yhpw

kzoIm-cy-Xbpw h¿≤n-°p∂ Hcp hkvXp \njvT kml-Ncyw temIØv

hf¿∂p-h-cp∂ F∂-Xn¬ kwibw th≠. c≠p-]-Xn-‰m≠v apºv

tkmhn-b‰v bqWn-b\pw Ing-°≥ bqtdm-∏nse tkmjy-enÃv cmjvS-

ßfpw XI¿∂-t∏m-gp-≈-Xn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-amb ÿnXn-bm-Wn-Xv.

A∂v Ime-l-c-W-s∏´ am¿Ivkn-k-sØ-°p-dn®pw Ncn-X-Øns‚

A¥ysØ°p-dn®pw apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚ A¥n-a-hn-P-b-sØ-°p-dn®pw

hmNm-e-cm-hp-Ibpw tkmjy-en-k-Øn\v At\ym-]-Nm-c-a¿∏n-°m≥ Xnc-

25Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


°p-Iq- p-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿t]mepw Ct∏mƒ am¿Ivkns‚ aS-ßn-h-c-hv

ImWp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ temI-Øp-≠mb am‰w a\- n-em-°mw.

hmƒkvSo‰v ] -h-tI-µ-amb Cu qI-º-Øn¬\n-∂p-b-cp∂ kp\man

apX-em-fnØ temIsØ ]nSn-®p-e-°p-tºmƒ, s]m^:]`mXv ]Sv\m-

bnIv Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, Ncn-X-Øns‚ A¥y-Øn\v ]Icw

aqe-[-\-hm-gvN-s°-Xn-cmb ]pXp hnπ-h-X-cw-K-Øns‚ e£-W-ßƒ

]I-S-am-Ip∂ ]pXn-sbmcp Ncn-X-Øns‚ XpS-°-amWv \mw ImWp-∂-

Xv.


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

hn°n-eoIvkv Ata-cn° ]Xn-°q- n¬

hn°neoIvkpw AXns‚ ta[mhn Pqen-b≥ Akm≥Ppw Ata-cn-

°≥ kmam-Py-Xz-Øns‚ apJw-aqSn ]n®n--®o-¥n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ata-cn-

°-bpsS BtKmf A[n-\n-thi X¥-ßsf Nqgv∂p \n¬°p∂ \nKq-

V-X-I-fpsS Npcp-f-gn-bp-tºmƒ \-Sp-ßp-∂Xv Ata-cn° amX-a√ temI-

am-sI-bm-Wv. BZy-L-´-Øn¬ hn°n-eoIvkv ]pdØphn´ 4,00,0000

ssk\nI tcJ-Iƒ Ata-cn-°≥ ssk\nI cl-ky-ß-fpsS Ncn-X-

Ønse G‰hpw henb tNm¿®-bm-bn-cp-∂p. XpS¿∂v temI-am-sI-bp≈

Ata-cn-°≥ Fw_-kn-I-fn¬ \n∂p≈ ¢mkn-ss^Uv tc-J-Iƒ ]pd-

Øp-hn-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. ssk\nI cl-ky-tc-J--Iƒ ]pd-Øp-h-∂-t∏mƒ

Cdm-°nepw A vKm-\n-ÿm-\nepw Ata-cn° \S-Ønb sImSpw-Iq-c-

X-I-fp-sSbpw a\p-jyXz cln-X-amb ]oU\-ß-fp-sS-bpw sR´n-°p∂

hnh-c-ß-fmWv A\m-h-cWw sNø-s∏- -Xv. c≠mw L -Øn¬ ]pd-Øp-

hn´ \b-X¥ cl-ky-ß-fpsS tcJ-I-fm-Is´ Ata-cn-°≥ hntZi

\b-Øns‚ \riw-kX shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p.

A vKm-\n-ÿm-\nepw Cdm-Jnepw Ata-cn-°≥ A[n-\n-thi tk\

\S-Ønb hnh-c-Wm-Xo-X-amb ]oU-\-ßfpw a\p-jym-h-Imi ewL-\-

ßfpw kw_-‘n®v \ne-\n¬°p∂ Bt£-]-ßƒ apgp-h≥ icn-sh-

°p-I-bmWv hn°n-eoIvkv shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ. CdmJv bp≤w kw_-

‘n® shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ an°-hbpw Ata-cn-°≥ ssk\n-I-cpsS

ZrIvkm£n hnh-c-WsØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. 2004- \pw 2008-

˛\pw CS-bv°p≈ kw -h-ßsf kw_-‘n-®p≈ tcJ-IfmWv ]pd-Øp-

h-∂n- p-≈-Xv.

27Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


knhn-en-b∑m¿ sIm√-s∏´ 34,000 kµ¿ -ß-sf kw_‘n® Cu

tcJ-I-fn¬ ]d-bp-∂p. G‰hpw ]pXnb hn°n-eoIvkv shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-

ep-Iƒ A\p-k-cn®v 2004-˛\pw 2008-˛\pw CSbv°v t\csØ IW-°m-

°n-b-Xn-t\-°mƒ 15,000 Cdm°n knhn-en-b≥am¿ IqSp-X-embn sIm√-

s∏- n- p≠v. Iog-S-ßm≥ ian-°p∂ knhn-en-b-∑msc Ata-cn-°≥ tk\

BI-an® \nc-h[n kµ¿ -ßƒ hn°n-eoIvkv tcJ-I-fn-eqsS Xpd-∂p-

Im- p-∂p-≠v. Ata-cn° hmS-I-s°-SpØv \ntbm-Kn® kzImcy ssk\y-

ßƒ knhn-en-b-∑msc A‘-ambn BI-an-®-Xns‚ \nc-h[n hnh-c-

ßƒ Cu tcJ-I-fn-eqsS ]pd-Øp-h-∂n-´p-≠v. Cu kw`-h-ß-sf√mw

t\csØ aqSn-sh-bv°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

hn°n-eoIvkv tcJ-I-f-\p-k-cn®v Ata-cn-°≥ ssk\yw Cdm-Jnse

a\p-jym-h-Imi ewL-\-ßƒ°pw _em¬kwKw Dƒs∏sS knhn-en-

b-∑m¿°v FXn-cmbn \S∂ sImSpw Iqc-X-Iƒ°pw t\sc IÆ-S-

bv°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. 2009 Unkw-_-dn¬ Ata-cn-°≥ ssk\y-Øn\v

ssIam-dnb Hcp hoUn-tbm-bn¬ CdmJn ssk\n-I¿ IÆp-sI- nb Hcp

XS-hp-Im-cs\ shSn-sh-®p-sIm-√p-∂-Xns‚ Zriyw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. CXn\v

DØc-hm-Zn-I-fmb CdmJn ssk\n-I-cpsS t]cp-Iƒ klnXw Ata-cn-

°≥ A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ°v dnt∏m¿ v \¬In-sb-¶nepw \S-]Sn H∂pw D≠m-

bn-√. hn°n-eoIvkv tcJ-Iƒ A\p-k-cn®v At\z-jWw Bh-iy-an√

F∂v Nq≠n-°m´n Ata-cn-°≥ ssk\nI A[n-Ir-X¿ b¬ aS-°p-

I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. CØcw kw`hßƒ At\z-jn-t°-s≠∂v 2006 sabn¬

s]‚-K¨ t\cn v \n¿t±iw \¬In-b-Xmbn hy‡-am-°p-∂p. Ata-cn-

°≥ ssk\yw ]cn-io-en-∏n-°p-I-bpw Bbp-[-a-Wn-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX

Ata-cn-°≥ ssk\y-Øns‚ ta¬t\m- -Øn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂ CdmJn

ssk\n-I-cpsS sNbvXn-I-fn¬ Xßƒ°v CS-s]-Sm-\m-hn√ F∂

hnNnX hmZ-am-bn-cp∂p Ata-cn-°≥ A[n-Ir-X-cp-tS-Xv. ^e-Øn¬

CdmJn tk\-bpsS IS-∂m-I-a-W-ßƒ°pw a\p-jym-h-Imi ewL-\-

ßƒ°pw Adn-™p-sIm≠v Iq´p-\n¬°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p Ata-cn°.

CdmJn ssk\yw ]pXnb a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ew-L\w \S-Øp∂p F∂-

dn-™n´pw CS-s]-Sm-Xn-cp∂ Ata-cn° Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v ssk\n-

Isc CtX CdmJn ssk\y-Øns‚ sIme-b-d-I-fn-te°v ssIam-dp-

Ibpw sNbvXp.

hn°n-eo-Ivkns‚ ]pXnb shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ A\p-k-cn®v Cdm-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Jn¬ hwiobamb sshcw Bfn-°-Øn-°m\pw Ata-cn° ian-®p.

jnbm, kp∂n hn`m-K-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ n∂n∏v i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw Nne

]tXyI hn`m-K-ßsf D∑q-e\w sNøm\pw Ah¿ kzoI-cn® Ip’nX-

am¿§-ß-fpsS hnh-c-ßƒ tcJ-I-fn-ep-≠v. k±mw lpssks‚ ]gb

dn∏-ªn-°≥ Km¿Up-Isf D]-tbm-Kn®v Ata-cn-° D≠m-°nb sN∂m-

bv°q´w (Wolf Brigade) XS-hp-Im-cn¬\n∂v sImSnb ]oU-\-ap-d-I-fn-

eqsS hnh-c-ß-ƒ tiJ-cn-°m≥ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´ Imcyhpw ]pd-Øp-h-

∂n- p-≠v. t\csØ F¬km-thm-tUm-dn¬ ]h¿Øn® Ip]-kn-≤-\mb

Hcp Ata-cn-°≥ B¿an DtZym-K-ÿ-\mWv Cu "sN∂m-bv°q´' sØ

]cn-io-en-∏n-®-Xv. 2004- ¬ A[n-\n-thi ka-bØv kam-d-bnepw eq-

P-bnepw kvXoIfpw Ipń-Ifpw Dƒs∏sS Iq -s°me sNø-s∏´ kw -

h-ßfpw Ct∏m-gsØ tNm¿®-bn-eqsS ]pd-Øp-h-∂n- p-≠v. 2006 HIvtSm-

_¿ 17- \v Hscm‰ Znhkw amXw 146 t]¿ sIm√-s∏- Xv kw_-‘n®

hnh-c-ßfpw tcJ-I-fn¬ ImWmw. Cdm-Jns\ kw_-‘n®v ]pd-Øp-

h∂ tcJ-Iƒ hni-I-e\w sNbvXm¬ Ata-cn-°≥ A[n-\n-th-ihpw

Ah-cpsS Im¿Ωn-I-Xz-Øn¬ Ac-tß-dnb sImSnb ]oU-\-ßfpw Cdm-

Jns\ Fß-s\-bmWv A¬JzbvZbv°v hf-°q-dp≈ aÆm-°n-bXv F∂v

a\- n-em-°m-\m-Ipw. aX-\n-c-t]£ Ad_v tZio-b-X-bpsS h‡m-hm-

bn-cp∂ k±mw lpssks\ Ań-a-dn-®-Xn-eq-sSbpw Cdm-Jns‚ ]c-am-

[n-Imcw Ih¿s∂-SpØv B cmPysØ inYn-e-am-°n-b-Xn-eq-sSbpw A¬-

Jz-bvZ-bpsS Xmh-fhpw dnIq- nwKv tIµ-hp-am°n Cdm-°ns\ am‰n-b-

Xns‚ DØ-c-hm-ZnØw Ata-cn-°°v amX-am-sW∂ hkvXp-Xbv°v

ASn-h-c-bn-Sp∂p hn°n-eoIvkv shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ.

\b-X¥ cl-ky-ß-fpsS shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-em-Is´ Xß-fpsS

BtKmf ta[m-hnXzw Ac-°n- p-d-∏n-°m≥ FX lo\-amb am¿§hpw

Ata-cn° Ah-ew-_n-°p-sa∂v sXfn-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ckm-tb¬, tPm¿-

Um≥, kndn-b, kuZn, CuPn]vXv F∂o cmPy-ß-fnse bp Fkv ÿm\-

]Xn Imcym-e-b-ß-tfm-Sv lam-kn-s‚bpw a‰p ]e-kvXo\nb≥ t\Xm-

°-fp-sSbpw _tbm saSnIv hnh-c-ßƒ tiJ-cn-°m≥ Bh-iy-s∏- n-

cp-∂-Xmbpw ]d-bp-∂p. Ata-cn-°≥ Fw_-kn-Iƒ Ah-cpsS BtKmf

Nmc-irw-J-e-bpsS `mK-am-sW∂ sRń-°p∂ Xncn-®-dn-hmWv Ch

\¬Ip-∂-Xv. CXn-te-‰hpw Kuc-h-ta-dnb Imcyw sFIy-cm„ kwL-

S-\-bnse AXyp-∂X \b-X-¥-⁄¿s°-Xn-cmbnt]mepw Nmc-hrØn

29Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


\S-Øp-∂p≠v F∂-Xm-Wv. sFIy-cm„ skI- dn P\-d¬ Dƒs∏-sS-

bp≈ D∂-tXm-tZym-K-ÿ¿s°-Xn-cmbn Nmc-]-h¿Ø\w \S-Øm≥

Ata-cn-°≥ tÃ‰v skI- dn lnemcn ¢n‚¨Xs∂ DØ-chv \¬In-

b-Xm-bmWv tcJ-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Ch-cpsS hnc-e-S-bmfw Dƒs∏-sS-

bp≈ Un F≥ F Um‰bpw a‰pw tiJ-cn-°m≥ lnemcn Xs∂ DØ-

c-hn´p F∂mWv Btcm-]-Ww. bp.-F≥ DtZym-K-ÿ¿s°-Xn-cmb Nmc-

hrØn bp.F∂n-\p≈ Ah-Im-i-ßfpw kwc-£-W-ßfpw kw_-‘n®

1946 se I¨sh≥js‚ \·-amb ewL-\-am-Wv.

a≤y- -]u-ckvXy tZisØ Ata-cn-°-bpsS KqV-e-£y-ß-fn-te°pw

AhnsS Ah¿ kr„n-°p∂ Iep-jn-Xm-¥-co-£-Øn-te°pw hn°n-

eoIvkv tcJ-Iƒ hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂p-≠v. Cdms\ BIan°m≥ Ata-

cn-°-tbmSv kuZn Bh-iy-s∏´p F∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ hfsc it≤-

b-am-Wv. Fß-s\-bmWv kmam-PyXzw kz¥w Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ°-\p-

k-cn®v Hmtcm taJ-e-bnepw CS-s] v kwL¿jw kr„n-°p-∂Xv F∂-

Xns‚ sXfn-hp-I-fn-sem-∂m-Wn-Xv. H∏w kuZn t]mep≈ cmPy-ßƒ

Fßs\ kmam-Py-Xz-Øns‚ Ifn-∏m-h-I-fmbn amdp∂p F∂pw sXfn-

bn-°p-∂p.

P¿Ω≥ Nm≥k-e¿ BRvPe sa¿°¬, ^©v ]kn-U‚ v

\nt°mfmkv k¿t°mkn, djy≥ ][m-\-a¥n hvfmUn-an¿ ]pSn≥

F-∂n-h-sc-°p-dn-®p≈ hne Ipd™ ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ Ata-cn-°-bpsS

A[o-iXz at\m-`m-hhpw FX ]p—-tØm-sS-bmWv a‰v cm„-ß-sf-

bpw cm„-t\-Xm-°-sfbpw Ah¿ ImWp∂Xv F∂pw hy‡-am-°p∂p.

lnem-cnbpw AXn-\p-apºv tIm≠-enkm ssdkpw a‰p cmPy-ß-fnse

cm„ob t\Xm-°-fpsS \o°-ßƒt]mepw tNm¿Øm≥ bp Fkv Fw_-

kn-Iƒ°v \n¿t±iw \¬In-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Btcm-]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

kz¥w Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ°mbn a‰p cmPy-ß-fpsS B`y-¥c Imcy-ßƒ

G-X‰w hscbpw CS-s]-Sm≥ Ata-cn-°°v aSn-bn-s√∂v CXv sXfn-bn-

°p-∂p.

sFIy-cm„ kan-Xn-bnse C¥y-bpsS ÿncmw-K-XzØn\v H_ma

]n¥pW \¬In-b-Xns‚ BtLmj elcn sI´-S-ßpw-apºv hn°n-

eoIvkv CXp kw_-‘n® tcJ Ata-cn-°-bpsS D≈n-en-cn∏v hy‡-

am-°p-∂p. H_m-a-bpsS ]n¥pW D]m-[n-I-tfm-sS-bp-≈-Xm-sW∂pw B

D]m-[n-Iƒ NXn-°p-gn-I-fm-sW∂pw CS-Xp-]£w At∏mƒXs∂ Nq≠n-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

°m- n-bXv icn-sh-°p∂p hn°n-eoIvkv shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ.

CtXmsS sNfn sXdn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Ata-cn-°-bp-ambn X¥-]-c-amb

kJy-sØ-°p-dn®v hmNm-e-cm-Ip∂ bp ]n F k¿°m-dns‚ apJ-Øp-

Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. temIsØ GsXmcp cmPy-tØmSpw Ata-cn° sh®p-]p-

e¿Øp∂ _‘-Øns‚ kz`m-hhpw Ah-cpsS A[o-iXz at\m-`m-

hhpw Cu tcJ-I-fn-eqsS shfn-s∏-Sp-∂p. C¥y-bpsS Imcy-Ønepw

CXp-X-s∂-bmWv hy‡-am-hp-∂-Xv. Ata-cn-°-bp-am-bp≈ _‘-Øns‚

Cu kz`m-h-sØ-bmWv CS-Xp-]£w FXn¿°p-∂-Xv. Xß-fpsS

BtKmf ta[m-hnXzw \ne-\n¿Øm≥ F¥pw sNøm≥ aSn-bn-√mØ

Ata-cn-°-bp-ambn Xpey-X-bp-sSbpw ]c-kv]c hnizm-k-Øn-s‚bpw

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ _‘w Akm-[y-am-sW∂ Xncn-®-dn-hp-Isf _e-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-XmWv tNm¿∂p-h-cp∂ hnh-c-ßƒ. A‘-amb Ata-cn-°≥

hnt[-b-XzsØ°pdn®v ]p\¿hnNn-¥\w \S-Øm≥ Cu kw`h hnIm-

k-ßƒ bp ]n F k¿°mcn\pw AXns‚ hntZi \b-cq-]o-I-cW

h‡m-°ƒ°pw t]c-W-bm-tI-≠-Xm-sW-¶nepw AXp-≠m-hp-sa∂v

Icp-Xm-\m-hn-√.

F¥m-bm-epw, hn°n-eoIvkpw Akm-RvPbpw Ata-cn-°bpsS

Dd°w sISp-Øp-∂p≠v F∂p hy‡w. kzoU-\nse he-Xp-]-£-

k¿°m-cns\ kzm[o-\n®v Akm-RvP-bvs°-Xn-cmb ]g-sbmcp tIkv

s]mSn X´n-sb-SpØv At±-lsØ AdÃv sNbvXv Ata-cn-°-bn-te°v

sIm≠p-h-cm≥ ian-°p-∂-Xn\v Imc-Ww C\nbpw tNmcm-\n-cn-°p∂

cl-ky-ßsf Ata-cn° AX-tbsd b-s∏-Sp∂p F∂-Xm-Wv. hn°n-

eo-Ivkns‚ ≠nwKv tkmX- p-Iƒ apgp-h≥ kΩ¿±hpw oj-Wnbpw

D]-tbm-Kn®v AS-bv°m\pw AXns\ izmkw ap´n-°m\pw Ata-cn°

cwK-Øn-d-ßn-°-gn-™p. hn°n-eo-Ivkns\ \n»-–-am-°m≥ Ata-cn-°°v

Ign-™mepw Cs√-¶nepw P\m-[n-]-Xy-sØ-°p-dn®pw a\p-jym-h-Im-i-

sØ-°p-dn-®p-sa√mw ]pc-∏p-dØp Ib-dn-\n∂v ]kw-Kn-°m-dp≈ Ah-

cpsS hnIr-X-apJw Xpd-∂p-Im-Wn-°p-∂-Xn¬ hn°n-eoIvkv hnP-bn-®n-

cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cpsS shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ temI a\x-km-£n-°p-ap-

ºn¬ Ata-cn-°sb ]Xn-ÿm-\Øp Xs∂-bmWv \n¿Øp-∂-Xv.

kndmPv Zn\-]Xw

2011 Unkw-_¿

31Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


BW-h-I-cm¿ AYhmIog-S-ß-ens‚ DS-ºSn

PpKp]vkm-h-l-amb hnt[-b-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw bP-am\ ‡n-bp-sSbpw

]Xo-I-amWv ASq¿ tKm]m-e --Ir-jvWs‚ hnt[-b-\nse sXmΩn F∂

IYm-]m-Xw. \ΩpsS ][m-\-a¥n a≥tam-l≥kn-ßn\v Ata-cn-°≥

]kn-U‚ v tPm¿Pv _pjn-t\m-Sp≈ hnt[-bXzw sXmΩnbpw bP-am-\-

\mb ]t -ecpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘sØ A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p-∂p. BW-h-

I-cm-dns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ _pjn\p \¬Inb hm°v ]men-°m-\m-hmsX

h∂m¬ kz¥w Kh¨sa‚n-s\-t∏mepw _en Ign-°p-sa-∂mWv

At±l-Øns‚ i]-Yw. C¥y≥ ]m¿e-sa‚n\pw CS-Xp-]-£-Øn\pw

\¬Inb Dd-∏p-Iƒ ewLn-°m≥ At±-l-Øn\p aSn-bn-√. ]t£

_pjn\p \¬Inb- Dd∏v ewLn-°p∂ Imcyw Nn¥n-°m≥t]mepw

At±lw A[o-c-\m-Wv.

kz¥w k¿°m-cns‚ \ne-\n¬∏v, A]-I-S-Øn-em-bmepw BW-h-

°-cm-dn¬\n∂v ]n∑m-dn-s√∂ a≥tam-l≥knßns‚bpw tIm¨K-

kns‚bpw ]nSn-hm-in-°p -]n-∂n-se-¥mWv? BW-h-°-cm-dns‚ t\ -ß-

sf-°p-dn-®p≈ k¿°m¿ tIµ-ß-fpsS Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ß-fn¬ FX-

tØmfw Ig-ºp≠v? F¥p-sIm-≠mWv CS-Xp-]£w Icm-dns‚ XpS°w

apX-ep≈ FXn¿∏n¬ Aev]w-t]mepw hn´p-hogvN sNøm≥ Xøm-dm-

hm-ØXv?

Icm¿ h∂ hgn

a≥tam-l≥kn-ßn-s‚ Ata-cn°m kµ¿i-Øn-s\m-Sp-hn¬ 2005


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Pqsse 18- \v At±-lhpw ]kn-U‚ v _pjpw tN¿∂v \S-Ønb kwbp-

‡-]-Jym-]-\-Øn-emWv BW-h-°-cm-dn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ BZy-]-cm-a¿i-

ap≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. Ata-cn-°≥ BW-thm¿÷ \nb-a-Øns‚ (AutomaticEnergy Act) 123- mw hIp-∏p-]-Im-c-ap-≈-Xm-b-Xp-sIm-≠mWv CXv 123 Icm¿

F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂Xv. Ata-cn° GXp cmPy-hp-ambn G¿s∏-Sp∂

BWh kl-I-cW Icmdpw Ah-cpsS BW-thm¿P \nb-a-Øns‚

123 hIp-∏p-]Imc-ap-≈Xm-Wv. _pjv a≥tam-l≥ kwbp‡ ]Jym-

]-\-Øns‚ D≈-S°w BW-h-°-cm¿ amX-a-√. C¥ybpw Ata-cn-

°bpw XΩn-ep≈ cm„o-bhpw kmº-Øn-Ihpw ssk\n-I-hp-amb kl-

I-cWw h¿≤n-∏n-°pI F∂-XmWv kwbp-‡-]-Jym-]-\-Øns‚ D≈-

S-°w. Cßs\ kl-I-cWw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-s‚bpw _‘w i‡n-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-s‚bpw `mK-amWv BW--h-°-cm¿. C¥ybpw Ata-cn-

°bpw XΩn-ep≈ X¥-]-c-amb kJy-Øns‚ mK-amWv Cu Icm¿

F∂v CS-Xp-]£w Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xn\v Imc-W-an-Xm-Wv.

B ]Jym-]-\-Øns‚ mK-ambn \ne-hn¬h∂ C¥ym˛ Ata-cn°

kn.-C.-H. t^mdhpw A-Xns‚ \n¿t±-i-ßfpw kmº-ØnI taJebn¬

X¥-]-c-amb ]¶m-fnØw hf¿Øm-\p-t±-in-®-h-bm-Wv. ]›m-Øe

kuI-cyw, Du¿÷w, sSentImw XpS-ßnb taJ-e-I-fn¬ IqSp-X¬

DZm-c-h¬°-c-Ww, Irjn-bpsS Itºm-f-h¬°-c-Ww, _m¶nMv, C≥jz-

d≥kv, am[y-aw, dnb¬ FtÃ‰v, D∂-X-hn-Zym-`ymkw XpS-ßnb taJ-

e-I-fnse hntZ-i-aq-e-[\ \nt£-]-]-cn[n Db¿Ø¬, _u≤nI kzØ-

h-Imi \nb-a-ß-fpsS ]p\xI-ao-I-cWw F∂n-h-sb√mw kn.-C.-H. t^md-

Øns‚ \n¿t±-i-ß-fm-Wv. kn.-C.-H. t^mdw C¥y-°mbn sh®p-\o-

´nb hmKvZm-\-ß-fn¬ H∂mWv BWh kl-I-cW Icm¿. CXn-

\¿∞w- A-ta-cn-°≥ Xm¬]-cy-ßsf ap≥\n¿Øn-bp≈ hn]p-e-amb

Hcp _‘Øns‚ At`Zy mK-am-WnXv F∂m-Wv.

2005- se kwbp‡ ]Jym]\-Øn\v sXm´p-ap-ºmbn AtX-h¿jw

Pq¨ 28- \v H∏p-sh® ]Xn-tcm[ N -°qSv Icmdpw Ct∏mƒ Ccp cmPy-

ßfpw XΩn¬ N¿® sNbvXp sIm≠n-cn-°p∂ ssk\nI hn\ymk

˛tk-h\ Icmdpw (Logistics Support Agreement) Cu X¥-]-c-amb

kJy-Øns‚ mK-am-Wv. Ata-cn-°≥ ]Xn-tcm[ A≠¿ skI-´dn

U•kv ^oØns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-W-a-\p-k-cn®v bp Fkv tk\-Iƒ°v

C¥y≥ ]Xn-tcm[ Xmh-f-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°m\pw C¥y≥ aÆn-eqsS

33Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


ssk\n-I-\o°w \S-Øm\pw A\p-hmZw \¬Ip-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw temPn-

ÃnIvkv kt∏m¿ v FKn-sa‚ v. CXm-Is´ \mt‰m (NATO) bpsS Gjy-

bn-te-°p≈ hn]p-eo-I-c-W-Øns‚ mK-hp-am-Wv.

Cu X¥-]-c-amb ]¶m-fn-Ø-Øn\v XpS°w Ipdn®XmIs´ Ign™

_n sP ]n t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ k¿°m-cns‚ Ime-Øm-Wv. B k¿°m-

cnse hntZ-i-Imcy a¥n Pkz-¥vknßpw Aa-cn-°≥ hntZ-i-Imcy

skI-´dn kvtSm_v Xm¬t_m´pw tN¿∂v \S-Ønb F´p du≠v

clky N¿®-I-fn-emWv Ct∏m-gsØ kJy-Øns‚ ASn-Ød cq]-

s∏-´-Xv. CXns‚ `mK-ambn C¥y, Ata-cn-°-bpsS A¥m-cm„

ssk\nI ]cn-io-e\ hn\n-ab ]cn-]mSn (IMET) bn¬ BZy-ambn ]¶m-

fn-bm-bn. 2000- ¬ Ata-cn-°-bpsS hnhm-Z-amb tZiob anssk¬ ]Xn-

-tcm[ ]≤Xn (NMD)sb BZy-ambn kzmKXw sNbvX cmPy-ambpw

C¥y amdn. 2001 sk]vXw-_¿ ]Xn-s\m-∂nse oI-cm-I-a-W-Øns‚

]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ A∂sØ D]-]-[m-\-a¥n AZzm\n \yqtbm¿°nse

kn sF F Bÿm\w kµ¿in®v N¿® \S-Øp-Ibpw oI-c-X-bvs°-

Xn-cmb Ata-cn-°≥ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ°v kl-I-cWw hmKvZm\w sNøp-

Ibpw D≠m-bn. B N¿®-bpsS ^e-am-bmWv F^v _n sF bpsS

Hm^okv \yqU¬ln-bn¬ Bcw-`n-°m≥ A\p-h-Zn-®-Xv. C¥y Ata-

cn-°-bpsS kzm`m-hnI kJy-cm-„-am-sW∂v A∂sØ ][m-\-a¥n

hmPvt]bn hnti-jn-∏n-®Xpw Cu kµ¿ -Øn¬ Hm¿Ωn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

Aßs\ _n. sP. ]n. c-W-Im-eØp XpS-ßnb X¥-]-c-amb kJy-

Øns‚ kzm`m-hnI hf¿®-bmWv bp.-]n.-F. k¿°m-cns‚ ImesØ

BW-h-°-cm¿.

s]m≈-bmb Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßƒ

C¥ysb h≥i-‡n-bmbn am‰p-∂-Xn-\p≈ klm-b-amWv knhn-en-

b≥ BWh kl-I-cWIcm¿ F∂mWv Ata-cn-°≥ tÃ‰v skI-

´dn tIm≠-enkm ssdkv ]Jym-]n-®-Xv. B ]Jym-]-\-Øn¬ aXn-a-

d∂ tIµ-k¿°mcpw AXns‚ h‡m-°fpw C¥y-bnse tIm¿]-td‰v

am[y-a-ßfpw BW-h-°-cm-dn-eqsS C-¥y-°p-≠m-Im≥ t]m-Ip∂ t\ -

ß-sf-°p-dn®v hmNm-e-cm-bn. Ah-cpsS ][m-\-hmZw BW-h-I-cm¿

C¥y°v Du¿-÷-kp-c-£n-XXzw \¬Ipw F∂-Xm-Wv. A¥m-cmjvS

hn-]-Wn-bn¬ FÆ-hne A\p-Zn\w IpXn-®p-b-cp∂ kml-N-cy-Øn¬


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

FÆ Cd-°p-a-Xnsb Bi-bn-°p-∂Xv Ipd-bv°m≥ BW-thm¿÷w

klm-bn-°p-sa-∂mWv ]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Cu Ah-Im-i-hm-

Z-ß-sf√mw ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-am-sW∂p ImWmw.

H∂m-a-Xm-bn, C-¥y-bpsS Du¿Pm-h-iy-ß-fn¬ 44.9%hpw \nd-th-‰p-

∂Xv FÆbpw ]IrXn hmX-I-hp-am-Wv, F∂v Bkq-X-W-I-Ωo-js‚

]Ømw ]≤Xn tcJ-Iƒ hy‡-am-°p-∂p. C¥y-bpsS Du¿Pm-hiy-

Øns‚ apJy-]¶pw Db¿∂p-h-cp-∂Xv KXm-K-X-ta-J-e-bn-em-Wv. Cu

taJ-e-bnse h¿≤n-°p∂ Bhiyw t\cn-Sm≥ FÆ-sb- Xs∂ Bi-

bn-t°-≠n-h-cpw. bptd-\n-btam BW-h-\n-e-b-ßƒ D¬∏m-Zn-∏n-°p∂

sshZyp-Xntbm AXn\v ]I-c-am-hn-√. C¥y-bpsS samØw Du¿÷

D¬]m-Z\Øns‚ 3% amX-amWv BWh Du¿÷-Øns‚ ]¶v. BWh

Icm¿ bmYm¿∞y-am-bm¬ 40,000 saKm-hm´v sshZypXn D¬∏m-Zn-∏n-

°m-sa∂ tIµ-k¿°m-cns‚ Ah-Im-i-ßƒ apJ-hn-e-bvs°-Sp-

Øm¬t]mepw AXv samØw Du¿÷ D¬∏m-Z-\-Øns‚ 9% amXta

hcp-∂p-≈q. CXn-\¿∞w C¥y-bpsS Du¿÷ -D¬∏m-Z-\-Ønepw

Du¿÷ kpc-£-bnepw BW-thm¿÷w hln-°p∂ ]¶v KWy-a√

F∂-Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Du¿÷-]-Xn-k-‘n°v AsXmcp

ASn-b-¥nc ]cn-lm-c-am-Ip-∂n-√.

c≠m-a-Xm-bn, Ffp-∏-Øn¬ Ah-ew-_n-°m-hp-∂Xpw sNe-hp-Ip-d-

™-Xp-amb a‰v Du¿÷-tkm-X- p-Iƒ e`y-am-Wv. \mj-W¬

ssltUm tIm¿]-td-js‚ IW-°p-Iƒ ]Imcw C¥y-bn¬ Pe-

ssh-ZypX ]≤-Xn-I-fn-eqsS 30,000 saKm-hm v sshZypXn IqSp-X-embn

D¬∏m-Zn-∏n-°m-\m-hpw. t\∏mfpw q´m-\p-ambn kl-I-cn-®m¬ 55000

saKm-hm v thsdbpw D¬∏mZn-∏n-°m-\m-hpw. \qdp h¿j-tØbv°v Bi-

bn-°m-hp∂ I¬°cn \nt£-]hpw cmPy-Øp-≠v F∂mWv A\p-am-

\w. CXn\v ]pdsa h≥tXm-Xn¬ ]Ir-Xn-hm-XI \nt£-]hpw C¥y-

bn¬ Is≠-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. Im‰n¬\n∂pw kutcm¿÷-Øn¬\n-∂p-a-

S°w ]mc-º-tcy-Xc tkmX- p-I-fn¬\n∂pw sshZypXn D¬∏m-Zn-∏n-

°m-\m-hpw. CXn-\p-X-Ip∂ Xc-Øn¬ Du¿÷-ta-J-e-bnse s]mXp

\nt£]w h¿≤n-∏n-°p-I-bmWv th≠-Xv.

aq∂m-a-Xm-bn, G‰hpw sNe-th-dn-b-XmWv BW-thm¿÷w F∂v

IW-°p-Iƒ sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. Cd-°p-aXn sNbvX dnbm-IvS-dp-Iƒ D]-

tbm-Kn®v Hcp saKm-hm´v sshZypXn D¬∏m-Zn-∏n-°m≥ 11 tImSn cq]-

35Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


bmWv sNehp hcp-∂-Xv. Xm] sshZypXn (I¬°cn D]-tbm-Kn-®v)

BsW-¶n¬ Hcp saKm-hm-ń\v \mev tImSn cq] amXta sNehp

hcp∂p-≈q. Pe-ssh-Zyp-Xntbm ]Ir-Xn-hm-XIw D]-tbm-Kn-®p≈

sshZyp-Xntbm BsW-¶n¬ CXv aq∂v tImSn cq]-bp-am-Wv. ][m-\-

a¥n ]d-bp-∂Xv 2020- 25 BIp-tºm-tgbv°v BW-h-°-cm-dns‚ e-

ambn Cd-°p-aXn sNbvX dnbm-IvS-dp-I-fp-]-tbm-Kn®v 30,000 saKm-hm v

A[n-I-ssh-ZypXn D¬∏m-Zn-∏n-°m-\m-hp-sa-∂m-Wv. CXbpw sshZypXn

D¬∏m-Zn-∏n-°m≥ 3.30 e£w tImSn cq] sNehp hcpw. I¬°cn D]-

-tbm-Kn-®m¬ hcp∂ sNehv 1.20 e£w tImSn amX-hpw. c≠v e£w

tImSn cq]-bn-te-sd-bmWv BW-thm¿÷-Øn\v hcp∂ A[nIs®e-

hv. Cu c≠p-e£w tImSn cq] D]-tbm-Kn®v 2.5 e£w \thm-Zbm

hnZym-e-b-ßƒ Bcw- n-°m\pw 2.5 tImSn Ipń-Iƒ°v ]¥≠mw ¢mkv

hsc KpW-ta-∑-bp≈ hnZym-`ymkw kuP-\y-ambn \¬Im\pw Ign-

bpw. 100 InS-°-I-fp≈ 20,000 Bip-]-Xn-Iƒ Bcw- n-°m\pw CXbpw

]Ww aXn-bm-Ipw. kmaq-lnI t£a taJ-e-bn¬ \nt£-]n-°m-hp∂

hn -h-ß-fmWv BW-thm¿÷-Øn-\p-th≠n ]mgm-°p-∂Xv F∂¿∞w.

hnth-N-\-]-c-amb D]m-[n-Iƒ

BW-thm¿÷-Øn\v C¥y Hcp ]m[m-\yhpw \¬I-cpXv F∂√

CS-Xp--]£w ]-d-bp--∂-Xv. Xt±-io-b-amb BW-thm¿÷ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ

hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\mWv C¥y ap≥K-W\ \¬tI-≠-Xv. AXn\v

BW-h-°-cm-dns‚ Bh-iy-an√ F∂p amX-a-√, Xt±-io-b-amb BWh

]≤-Xn-Isf BW-h-°-cm¿ Ań-a-dn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw F∂-XmWv

bmYm¿Yyw. sImń-tLm-jn-°-s∏-Sp∂ "h¨ Sp Xn' Icm¿ C¥y°v

kºq¿W-amb knhn-en-b≥ BWh kl-I-cWw Dd-∏p-\¬Ip∂n-√

F∂-XmWv ][m\ Imcyw. C‘-\- k-ºp-jvSo-I-c-W-Øn\pw ]p\x-

kw-kvI-c-W-Øn\pw Bh-iy-amb kmt¶-XnIhnZy ssIam-dn√ F∂v

Icm-dn¬ hy‡-am-°n-bn- p-≠v. C¥y-bpsS XnXe Xt±-iob BW-

thm¿÷ ]≤-Xn°v CXv henb hn\-bm-bn-Øo-cpw. ImcWw Cu

]≤Xn ]p\x-kw-kvI-c-WsØ Bi-bn-®mWv \ne-\n¬°p-∂Xv Xs∂.

H∂mw L -Øn¬ kºp-jvSo-I-cn® bptd-\n-b-amWv Cu ]≤-Xn-bn¬

D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. c≠mw-L- -Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn® C‘\w ]p\x-kw-

kvI-cn®v πqt´mWnb-am°n am‰n mÃv _oU¿ dnbm-IvS-dp-I-fn¬ D]-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. Cu L -Øn¬ tXmdn-bw, bptd-\n-bw- 233 Bbn ]cn-

h¿Ø\w hcp-Øp∂p. aq∂mw L´-Øn¬ tXmdn-bhpw bptd-\n-bw

˛233 Dw tN¿∂ aninXw dnbm-IvS-dp-I-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. Cu ]≤Xn

^e-]m-]vXn-bn-se-Ø-W-sa-¶n¬ kºp-jvSo-I-c-W-Øn-s‚bpw ]p\x-

kw-kvI-c-W-Øn-s‚bpw kmt¶-XnI hnZy FX-amXw ][m-\-am-

sW∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m. F∂m¬ B kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy "h¨ Sp

Xn' Icm¿ ]Imcw e`n-°p-I-bn-√.

as‰mcp ]iv\w kn-hn¬, ssk\n-Im-h-iy-ßfpambn _‘-s∏´

"Cc´ D]-tbm-K-Øn\v' Bh-iy-amb kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zybpw kma-Kn-Ifpw

(dual use items) Cu Icm¿ ]Imcw e`y-a√ F∂-Xm-Wv. Cc´ D]-

tbm-K-sa∂ \n¿h-N-\-Øn\p Iogn¬ Ht´sd taJ-e-Iƒ hcp-sa-∂-Xn-

\m¬ CXns‚ ]Xym-LmXw hep-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. mÃv _oU¿ dnbm-

IvS-dp-Ifpw Cc´ D]-tbmK kma-Kn-I-fpsS ]cn-[n-bn¬ hcp-sa-∂-Xn-

\m¬ CØcw dnbm-IvS-dp-Isf Bi-bn-®p≈ C¥y-bpsS Xt±-iob

BWh hnI-k\ ]≤Xn ]Xn-k-‘n-bn-em-hpw.

aq∂m-asØ ]iv\w, "h¨ Sp Xn' Icm¿ BWh C‘\ e`yX

Dd-∏p-X-cp-∂n√ F∂-Xm-Wv. sslUv BIvSv ]Im-cw, Icm¿ d±m-°-

s∏- m¬ Ata-cn° C¥y°v C‘\w \¬In√ F∂p amX-a√ BWh

hnX-cW Kq∏nse (NSG) a‰v cmjvS-ß-fp-ambn tN¿∂v C¥y-°p≈

C‘-\-hn-X-cWw XS-bm≥ Ah¿ ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. amX-

a-√, d±m-°-s∏- m¬ as‰mcp tkmX- n¬\n-∂p≈ C‘-\hpw Ata-

cn° \¬Inb dnbm-IvS-dp-I-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hmt\m ]p\x-kw-kvI-

cn-°mt\m C¥y°v A\p-a-Xn-bp-≠m-In-√.

\mem-a-Xm-bn, Icm¿ d±m-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm kl-I-cWw Ah-km-\n-

∏n-°p-Itbm sNbvXm¬ BW-h- -B-W-th-Xc kma-Kn-Iƒ Xncn-s®-

Sp-°m≥ Ata-cn-°°v Ah-Im-i-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. amX-a√ Cd-°p-

aXn sNbvX dnbm-IvS-dp-I-sfbpw bptd-\n-b-sØbpw Bi-bn-®mWv

BW-thm¿÷ D¬∏m-Z\w apt∂m´p sIm≠p-t]m-hp-I. CXn\v

t\csØ I≠-Xp-t]mse h≥tXm-Xn-ep≈ apX¬ap-S°v Bh-iy-am-

Wv. bptd-\nbw hne \nb-¥n-°p-∂-Xm-Is´ Cu cwKØp IpØ-I-

bp≈ GXm\pw cmPy-ß-f-S-ßnb Kq∏m-Wv. Ign™ GXm\pw h¿j-

ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ Xs∂ bptd-\nbw hne A©n-c-´n-bmbn h¿≤n-°p-I-

bp-≠mbn Ft∂m¿°p-I. h≥ apX¬ap-S°pw sNe-th-dnb C‘-

37Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


\hpw tZmj-I-c-amb hyh-ÿ-Ifpw BW-h-I-cm-dns‚ t\ -ß-sf-°p-

dn-®p≈ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-Øns‚ \nc¿∞-IX hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

-kzX¥ hntZ-i-\-b-Øns‚ KXn

BW-h-I-cm-dn\v \¬tI-≠n-h-cp∂ kmº-ØnI hne-tb-°mƒ hep-

XmWv cm„o-b-hn-e. Icm-dn-sebpw I-cm-dns\ cn-°p∂ sslUv \nb-

a-Øn-tebpw hyh-ÿ-Iƒ hyh-ÿ-Iƒ C¥y-bpsS tZiob ]c-am-

[n-Im-c-Øn\pw hntZ-i-\-b-Øn\pw henb ojWn Db¿Øp-∂-h-bm-

Wv. "sslUv BIvSpw' "h¨ Sp Xn Icmdpw' XΩn¬ _‘-an√ F∂

tIµ-k¿°m-cns‚ hmZw icn-b-√. B¿´n-°nƒ 2,1 ¬ Icm¿ \S-∏m-

°p-∂Xv _-‘-s∏´ I£n-I-fpsS tZiob \nb-a-ßƒ°v A\p-kr-X-

am-bn-´m-bn-cn°pw F∂v hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. Ata-cn-°sb kw-_-

‘n®v Icm-dn\v _m[-I-amb tZiob \nbaw sslUv \nb-a-amWv

F∂pw Hm¿°p-I. sslUv \nb-a-]-Imcw A¥m-cmjvS Bbp-[-]-cn-

tim-[-I¿°v C¥y-bpsS BW-h-\n-e-b-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°m-\mbn Xpd-

∂p-sIm-Sp-°-Ww. Bh-iy-amb L -Øn¬ D -b-I£n ]cn-tim-[-Isc

A\p-h-Zn-°-W-sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. CXv Ata-cn-°≥ ]cn-tim-[-I¿°v

IS-∂p-h-cm-\p≈ ]n≥hm-Xn-em-Wv. Cu hyhÿ FX-amXw A]-I-

S-I-c-am-sW∂v ]tXyIw ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m. Cdm-Jn-s‚bpw Cdm-

t‚bpw Bbp-[-]-cn-tim-[-\bpw BW-h-\n-eb ]cn-tim-[-\-bp-sa√mw

cm„o-bm-h-iy-ßƒ°v Bbp-[-am-bn-Øo¿∂-Xns‚ A\p-`-h-ßƒ

\ΩpsS ap∂n-ep-≠v. C¥y `mhn-bn¬ BW-h-]-co-£Ww \S-Ø-

cpXv F∂ hyh-ÿ Icm-dn-ep-≠v. C¥y kzta-[bm kzoI-cn-t°≠

Hcp \ne-]mSv Ata-cn-°-tbm-Sp≈ _m[y-X-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xv H´pw

Bim-ky-a-√. sslUv \nb-a-Øns‚ 104 (A)2 hIp∏p ]Imcw bp.-

F-kv. ]kn-U-≠n\v Ft∏mƒ thW-sa-¶nepw Icm¿ d±m-°m≥ A[n-

Im-c-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. AXn-`o-a-amb apX¬ap-S°p \S-Øn-b-tijw

Icm¿ d±m-°-s∏- m¬ C¥y-°m-bn-cn°pw \jvSw. AXp-sIm≠v Icm¿

d±m-°m-\p≈ sslUv \nb-a-]-Im-c-ap≈ A[n-Imcw C¥y-°p-ta¬

kΩ¿±w sNep-Øm\pw hcp-Xn-bn¬ \n¿Øm\pw Ata-cn° D]-tbm-

Kn-°pw.

sslUv \nb-a-Øns‚ G‰hpw henb ]Xym-LmXw hntZ-i-\-b-

Øns‚ taJ-e-bn-em-Wv. C¥y≥ hntZi\bw Ata-cn-°≥ \b-Øn\v


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

A\p-kr-X-am-Wv F∂v bp.-F-kv. ]kn-U‚ v tIm¨K-kn\v hm¿jnI

dnt∏m¿ v \¬I-W-sa-∂mWv Hcp hyh-ÿ. [Sec.104g (2) E(i)] C¥y≥

hntZ-i-\bw Ata-cn-°≥ \b-Øn-\-\p-kr-X-amWv F∂v ]kn-U‚nt\m

tIm -K-knt\m t_m[yw h∂n-s√-¶n¬ Icm¿ d±m-°-s∏-Smw. Icm¿

d±m-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns‚ \jvS-ßƒ Hgn-hm-°m≥ hntZ-i-\-b-Øn¬ Ata-

cn-°≥ kΩ¿±-ßƒ°v C¥y hg-tß-≠n-h-cpw. sslUv \nb-a-Ønse

Cu hnNn-X-amb hyh-ÿ-bp-sS -A¿∞w C¥y°v kzX¥ hntZ-i-

\bw Bh-iy-an√ F∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv. C¥y-bpsS hntZ-i-\bw C\n

apX¬ Ata-cn-°≥ c-W-IqSw \n›-bn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. AXns‚

kqN-\-Iƒ CXn-\Iw Xs∂ [mcmfw D≠m-bn- p-≠v. ap≥ _n.-sP.-]n.

k¿°m-dns‚ Imew apX¬ Xs∂ C¥y hntZ-i-\-b-Øn¬ Ata-cn-

°≥ hnt[-bXzw ]I-Sn-∏n®p XpS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. CdmJv BI-a-

Whpw ]e-kvXo≥ ]iv\-hp-apƒs∏-sS-bp≈ ]iv\-ß-fn¬ kzoI-cn®

kao-]\ßfpw Ck-tb-ep-ambn hf¿Øn-sb-SpØ kl-I-c-Whpw

DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ. bp.-]n.-F. k¿°mcpw B hgn-°p-Xs∂ \oßn. k±mw

lpssks‚ h[-apƒs∏-sS-bp≈ ]iv\-ß-fn¬ C¥y Ata-cn-°≥

bP-am-\-\p-th≠n hgp-h-gp-∏≥ \ne-]mSv kzoI-cn-®p. ]me-kvXo≥ P\-

X-tbm-Sp≈ ]Xn-_-≤-X-bn¬ ambw tN¿Øp. Ck-tb-ep-am-bp≈

NßmØw IqSp-X¬ i‡-ambn XpS¿∂p. BW-h-°-cm¿ hmKvZm-\-

Øn-\p-]-I-c-ambn sF F -C -F-bn¬ Cdm-s\-Xnsc c≠p-X-hW C¥y

thm´p sNbvXp. C¥y Nnc-Im-e-ambn Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn® \ne-]mSv e÷-

bn-√msX _en-I-gn-®m-bn-cp∂p Cu ae°w adn-®n¬. sslUv BIvSn¬

hntZ-i-\-bsØ kw_-‘n® mK-ß-fn¬ Cdm-s\-°p-dn®v aq∂p XhW

]cm-a¿in-®n-cp-∂p. C¥y˛bp Fkv BW-h-°-cm¿ Cdm-\p≈ i‡-

amb ktµ-i-amWv F∂v tIm≠-enkm ssdkv ]d-bp-∂p. Cdms‚

Imcy-Øn¬ C¥y Ata-cn-°-s°m-∏-ap-≠m-Ip-sa∂v ]Xo-£n-°p-∂-

Xmbn cm„obImcy A≠¿ skI- dn \nt°m-fmkv t_¨kpw ]d-

bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. sF F C Fbn¬ Cdm-s\-Xn-cmbn C¥y c≠p

XhW thm´p sNbvXXv bp.-F-kv. kΩ¿±sØ- Xp-S¿∂m-bn-cp∂psh∂v

]apJ C¥y≥ \b-X¥ DtZym-K-ÿ≥ Ão^≥ sdbvUvta-°dpw

hnc-an-®-tijw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cdm≥˛ ]mIn-ÿm≥˛

C¥y ss]]v sse≥ ]≤--Xn-bpsS A\n-›n-X-Xz-Øn\v ]n∂n¬ Ata-

cn-°-bpsS C¥y-°p-ta-ep≈ kΩ¿±-amWv F∂Xv Hcp cl-ky-a-√.

39Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


ss]∏v sse≥ ]≤-Xn-°p-th≠n hmZn® aWn-i-¶¿ Aøsc ÿm\- -

jvS-\m°n Ata-cn-°≥ tem_n-bpsS h‡mhv apcfn tZhvdsb s]tSm-

fnbw a¥n-bmbn Ah-tcm-[n-°p∂nS-tØm-f-saØn Ata-cn-°≥ CS-

s]-S¬. kzX¥ hntZ-i-\-b-Øns‚ h‡m-hmb ]K¤ \b-X-¥-

⁄≥ IqSn-bmb ap≥ hntZ-i-Im-cy-a¥n \Svh¿kn-ßn-\p-≠mb A\p-

-h-Øn\p ]n∂nepw Ata-cn-°≥ ssIbp≠v F∂v ImWm-Xn-cn-°-cp-

Xv. C¥y-bpsS kzX¥ hntZ-i-\-b-Øn\v lm\n-I-c-amb X¥-]-c-

amb kJy-hp-ambn BW-h-°-cm¿ Fßs\ _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p∂p F∂-

Xn\v Ata-cn-°≥ tÃ‰v A≠¿ skI´dn \nt°m-fmkv t_¨kns‚

hm°p-Iƒ Xs∂-bmWv sXfn-hv. Icm-dn-s\-°p-dn®v At±lw ]d-bp∂p

˛ ""s\lvdphpw At±-l-Øns‚ tNcn-tN-cm-\-bhpw \ne-\n∂ Ime-

tØmfw C¥ybpw Ata-cn-°bpw XΩn¬ CXp-t]m-semcp X-¥-]-c-

amb kJyw km[y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.'' F∂v. Cdm≥ _‘w, hntZ-i-

\bw F∂n-h-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ Ata-cn-°≥ \ne-]m-Sn\v C¥y-bpsS

]n¥pW Dd-∏m-°m≥ BW-h-°-cm¿ Imc-W-am-Ip-sa∂pw t_¨kv

Xpd∂p ]dbpIbp-≠m-bn. (Hu´v ep°v BKkvXv 2007) BW-h-°-

cmdpw X¥-]-c-amb kJyhpw kzX¥ hntZ-i-\-bhpw ]c-kv]cw

_‘-s∏-´XmWv F∂ CS-Xp-]£ \ne-]mSv FX-amXw icn-bmWv

F-∂mWv CsX√mw sXfn-bn-°p-∂-Xv.

B¿°mWv KpWw?

Ata-cn-°°v kmº-Øn-I-ambpw X¥-]-c-ambpw Gsd ]tbm-P\w

sNøp-∂-XmWv Cu Icm¿. kmº-Øn-I-ambn ssk\nI hyh-km-b-

hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ _lp-cm„ IpØ-I-Iƒ°v iX-tImSn tUmf-dn-

\p≈ Icm-dp-Iƒ e`n°pw F∂-XmWv KpWw. Ata-cn-°≥ BW-h-

hy-h-kmbw Xs∂ hntZ-i-hn-]-Wnsb Bi-bn-®mWv \ne-\n¬°p-∂-

Xv. Icm¿ bmYm¿∞y-am-bm¬ hºn® C¥y≥ BWh hn]Wn

Ah¿°v Xpd-∂p-In-´pw. AhnsS Ah-km-\-ambn Hcp dnbm-IvS¿

ÿm]n-°-s∏- Xv 1973˛em-Wv. AhnsS th≠mØXmWv Ah¿ \ap°v

hn¬°p-∂-Xv. Ata-cn-°≥ ssk\nI hyh-km-b-Øn\pw BW-h-°-

cm-dn--eqsS i‡n-s∏-Sp∂ ssk\nI ]Xn-tcm[ kl-I-cWw henb

em`-I-c-amb Icm-dp-Iƒ e`y-am-°pw. t]m¿hn-am-\-ßƒ, bp≤-°-∏-

ep-Iƒ, ]oc-¶n-Iƒ, dUm-dp-Iƒ F∂n-h-s°-√m-ap≈ Icm-dp-Iƒ CtXm-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

S-\p_-‘-ambn Ata-cn-°≥ IpØ-I-Iƒ°v e`n-°pw. Ct∏mƒXs∂

126 bp≤ hnam-\--ßƒ°m-bp≈ 45,000 tImSn-bpsS Icm-dn\v c≠v Ata-

cn-°≥ _lp-cm-„-- Ip-Ø-I-I-fpsS kΩ¿±w i‡-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

BW-h-°-cm-dns\ Cu ]Xn-tcm-[-I-cm¿ t\Sm-\p≈ Hcp D]m-[n-bm-

bn-´mWv Ah¿ ImWp-∂-Xv. 123=126 F∂ Hcp ka-hm-Iy-sØ-°p-dn-

®p-t]mepw Ata-cn-°≥ c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ CS-\m-gn-I-fn¬ kwkm-c-ap-

≠-tX.

CXn-t\-°mƒ henb X¥-]-c-amb t\ -amWv Ata-cn-°°v D≠m-

hp-∂-Xv. G‰hpw apJy-amb Imcyw \mep ]Xn-‰m-≠p-apºv C¥y H∏n-

Sm≥ hnk-Ω-Xn® BWh \n¿hym-]\ Icm-dnse (F≥ ]n Sn) hyh-

ÿ-Iƒ BW-h-°-cm¿ aptJ\ ]n≥hm-Xn-en-eqsS ASn-t®¬∏n-°m-

sa-∂-Xm-Wv. Ata-cn-°-bpsS BtKmf e£y-ßƒ°m-bp≈ ]≤-Xn-

I-fn¬ Gjy-bnse hnizkvX ]¶m-fn-bm°n C¥ysb am‰m≥ CXp

klm-bn°pw F∂-XmWv as‰mcp t\´w. ]›n-ta-jy-bpsS `q]Sw

Xs∂ am‰n hc-bv°p-Ibpw Ck-tb-ens\ i‡n-s∏-SpØn Ad_v

cmPy-ßsf inYn-eo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂Xpw adp- m-KØv AXn-

thKw hf¿∂p hcp∂ ssN\-tbbpw djy-tbbpw ]nSn-®p-sI-´pI

F∂Xpw Ata-cn-°-bpsS ][m\ X¥-]-c-amb e£y-ß-fm-Wv. CXp

c≠pw \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn¬ C¥y-bpsS tkh\w ][m-\-am-Wv F∂v Ata-

cn° a\- n-em-°p∂p. Hcp Pq\n-b¿ ]¶m-fn-bm-°n, hnizkvX kJy-

I-£n-bm°n C¥ysb am‰p-∂-Xn-eqsS Xßƒ°v henb t\´ap-

≠mIpw F∂pw Ah¿ IW-°p-Iq- p-∂p. BW-h-°-cm-dn-eqsS C¥y-

bp-ambn X¥-]-c-amb kJy-ap-≠m-°m-\m-hp-∂-Xns‚ t\ -ß-sf-°p-

dn®v tIm≠-enkm ssdkv Ata-cn-°≥ tIm¨K-kn-\p-ap-ºn¬ hni-

Zo-I-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. B IW-°p-Iq- -ep-Isf ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-Ø-

s∂-bmWv Cu BW-h-°-cm-dn-\p-th≠n _pjv `c-W-IqSw CX

sh]mfw ImWn-°p-∂-Xpw. ]t£, a≥tam-l≥kntßm?

BW-h-°-cm-dns\ Nqgv∂p-\n¬°p∂ cl-kym-fl-I-X-bp-sSbpw Zpcq-

l-X-bp-sSbpw HSp-hn-esØ sXfn-hmWv sF F CF-bp-ambn kpc£m

am\-Z-fi-Icm¿ kw_-‘n® N¿®-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ k¿°m¿ ae°w

adn-™-Xv. sF F C F t_m¿Uv Hm^v Kth¨kp-am-bp≈ N¿®,

hnizm-k-thm v t\Snb tijw amXta D≠mIq F∂m-bn-cp∂p BZyw

]W_v apJ¿Pn hy‡-am-°n-b-Xv. F∂m¬ ]n-∂oSv ][m-\-a-¥n-

41Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


bp-ambn N¿® \SØnb-tijw B hm°v ]men-°msX kpc-£m-am-\-

Z-fi-I-cm-dns‚ D≈-S°w CS-Xp-]-£-Øn\v e`y-am-°m-Xn-cp-∂-Xn\v

k¿°m¿ ]d™ \ymbw AXv cl-ky-tc-J-bm-sW-∂m--bn-cp-∂p.

F∂m¬ CtX tcJ Ata-cn-°≥ sh_vssk-‰p-I-fn¬ e`y-am-sW∂v

CS-Xp-]£w Nq≠n-°m-´n-b-t∏mƒ cl-ky-sa∂p ]d™ tcJ

k¿°m¿ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. k¿°m¿ P-\-ß-tfbpw

cmPy-tØbpw I-_-fn-∏n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p F∂m-WnXv hy‡-am-°p-∂-

Xv. I-cm-dns‚ XpS°w apX¬ \ne-\n¬°p∂ kpXm-cy-X-bn-√m-bvabpw

k¿°m-cns‚ ]c-kv]-c-hn-cp≤ \ne-]m-Sp-Ifpw Xpd-∂p-Im-Wn-°-s∏- n-

cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

C¥y≥ ]m¿e-sa‚ns‚ hnIm-chpw CS-Xp-]-£-Øns‚ FXn¿∏pw

BWh imkvX-⁄-∑m-cpsS `n∂m-`n-]m-b-ßfpw hI-sh-°m-sX-

bmWv a≥tam-l≥knßpw Iq´cpw BW-h-°-cm-dn-\p-th≠n hmin-

]n-Sn-°p-∂-Xv. ]m¿e-sa‚n¬ hnjbw N¿® sNbvX-t∏mƒ qcn-]-£m-

`n-]mbw Icm-dn-s\-Xn-cm-bn-cp-∂p. CS-Xp-]£w XpS°w apX¬ hn´p-

ho-gvN-bn-√msX Icm-dns\ FXn¿Øp-h-cp-∂p. CS-Xp-]£ ]n¥p-Wbv°v

ASn-ÿm-\-amb s]mXp-an-\naw ]cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ Ata-cn-°-bp-am-bp≈

X¥-]-c-amb kJy-sØ-°p-dn®v ]cm-a¿in-®n-√. kzX¥ hntZ-i-\-b-

tØm-Sp≈ ]Xn-_-≤X s]mXp-an-\naw ]cn-]m-Sn-bn-ep-≠p-Xm-\pw. AWp-

i‡n IΩo-js‚ ap≥sN-b¿am≥ ]n.-sI. Aø-¶m¿, AWp-i‡n

Kth-j-W-tIµw ap≥ Ub-d-IvS¿am-cmb F. F≥. ]km-Zv, πmknUv

tdmUn-Kvkv, F. tKm]m-e-Ir-jvW≥ XpS-ßnb ]apJ BW-h-im-

kvX-⁄cpw PÃn- p-am-cmb Poh≥ sdÕn, IrjvW-ø¿, ]n.-_n. kmh-

¥v XpSßn \nc-h[n \nb-a-⁄cpw Dƒs∏sS _p≤n-Pohn kaq-lhpw

_lp-P\ A`n-]m-bhpw Icm-dn-s\-Xn-cm-bn-cn-°p-tºmgpw a≥tam-

l≥kn-ßn\pw tIm¨K-kn\pw Icm¿ Dt]-£n-°m≥ hø. P\-ß-

tfmSpw cmPy-tØm-Sp-ap≈ ]Xn-_-≤-Xtb°mƒ Ata-cn-°≥ c-W-

Iq-S-tØm-Sm-W-h¿°v IS-∏m-Sv. k¿h-Im-e sdt°m¿Un-se-Ønb ]W-

s∏-cp-∏hpw hne-°-b-‰hpw ]nSn®p \n¿Øp-∂-Xn-e-√, cmPy-Xm¬]-cy-

ßƒs°-Xn-cmb BW-h-°-cm¿ \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-em-W-h¿°v hyK-X.

_n sP ]n bmIs´ Nn√d t`Z-K-Xn-I-tfmsS Icm¿ Bhm-sa∂ \ne-

]m-Sn-em-Wv. Ata-cn-°-bp-am-bp≈ X¥-]-c-amb kJy-Øn\v Ahcpw

FXn-c-√. B kJy-Øns‚ in¬]n-Iƒ F∂ JymXn (?) Xßƒ°p-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

amXw e`n-°-W-sa∂v Ah¿ BK-ln-°p-∂p. AXp tIm¨K- p-

ambn ]¶p-sh-°m-\m-hn√ F∂Xp amX-amWv Ah--cpsS ]iv\w. F¥p-

sIm-≠mWv Cu kam-\X? Ccp-]m¿´n-Ifpw Htc h¿§sØ ]Xn-\n[o-

I-cn-°p∂XpsIm-≠p-X-s∂. C¥y≥ c-W-h¿§-ßƒ kmam-PyXz aqe-

[-\-Øns‚ kJy-i-‡n-I-fmbn (C-fb ]¶m-fn-I-fm-bn) hf-cm≥ sImXn-

°p-∂-Xns‚ ]Xn-^-e-\-amWv tIm¨K-kns‚bpw _n sP ]nbp-

sSbpw kam-\-amb kmam-Py-Xzm-\p-Iqe \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ.

Cu kµ¿ -Øn¬ cmPy-Xm¬]cyw Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn-°p-∂Xv CS-Xp-]-

£-am-Wv. tZiob ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ ]_p≤ ]mc-ºcyw ]n¥p-S-cp-

∂Xpw B IS-a-Iƒ- C∂v \nd-th-‰m≥ s]mcp-Xp-∂Xpw CS-Xp-]£w

amX-am-Wv. tZiob kzmX-¥y-Øn-s‚bpw ]c-am-[n-Im-c-Øn-s‚bpw

s\dp-I-bn¬ _pjns‚ _q vkn´ Imep-Iƒ Aa¿Øn-®-hn- m≥ A\p-

h-Zn-°n-s√∂v ]Jym-]n-®Xv CS-Xp-]-£-a-√msX a‰m-cp-a-√. C¥ysb

hngp-ßm≥ hm ]nf¿∂p h∂ h¿§ob i‡n-Isf ]nSn-®p-sI- nb AtX

cm„ob C—m-i-‡n-tbmsS CS-Xp-]£w tZim- n-am-\-]-tNm-Zn-X-amb

Cu t]mcm- -Ønepw hodp-Im-Wn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

tZim- n-am\n hmcnI

2008 Pqembv 27

43Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


H_m-a-bpsS C¥ym-k-µ¿i\w

H_ma BtLm-j-]q¿∆w h∂p-t]m-bn. Zo]m-h-en-°mesØ

kµ¿i\w AXn-t\-°mƒ henb BtLm-j-am-bmWv C¥y-bnse

tIm¿]-td‰v am[y-a-ß-fpw Ah-cpsS tIc-f-Ønse A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw

sIm≠m-Sn-b-Xv. BtLmjw Kw`o-c-am-°m≥ th≠X hI H_m-abpw

antjepw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. apwss_-bn¬ Ip´n-Iƒs°m∏w

\rØw sNbvXXpw lpa-bq¨ ih-Iq-Soc kµ¿i-\hpw lnµn-bn¬

"_lqXv [\y-hmZv' F∂p XpSßn ]©-X-¥-Øn¬ Ah-km-\n-∏n®

]m¿e-sa‚ v ]kw-K-Ønse s]mSn-ss°-I-fp-sa√mw hm¿Ø-I-fn¬

\nd™p. ]kw-K-Nm-Xp-cnbpw NSp-e-N-e-\-ß-fp-ambn sk≥S¬

lmfnse \nd™ kZ- ns\ BI¿jn®psh∂Xv icn-X-s∂. Bcm-

[\ aqØ hen-sbmcp hn`mKw Fw.-]n-am¿ H_ma ]d-bp-∂-Xn-s\√mw

Iø-Sn-°m≥ ImØn-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. \m¬]-Øn-b©v an\p v \o≠

]kwKw ap∏-Øn-b©v XhW IøSn t\Sn-b-t∏mƒ H_m-a-t]mepw

A¤p-X-s∏- n-cn-°-Ww. BtLm-j-ß-fpsS Bc-h-a-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

C\n hne-bn-cp-Ø-en-\p≈ ka-b-am-Wv.

CS-Xp-]-£-\n-e-]mSv

H_m-a-bpsS ]kwKw tIƒ°m≥ CS-Xp-]£ Fw.-]n-am¿ t]mb-

Xn-s\-°p-dn®v ]e \nco-£-W-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Nne¿°v A¤p-

Xhpw tXm∂n. Hcp Imcyw Ak-µn-Kv≤-ambn hy‡-am-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.

CS-Xp-]-£-Øn\v H_m-a-sb-°p-dn®v hymtam-l-ß-sfm-∂p-an-√. (H-cp-

thf hymtam-l-Øn-em-≠p-t]mb Ata-cn-°≥ P\X Xs∂bpw


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

AXn¬\n∂v ap‡-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂mWv HSp-hn-esØ sXc-s™-

Sp-∏p-^ew sXfn-bn-®-Xv.) F∂m¬ \h-bm-Ym-ÿn-Xn-I-\mb tPm¿Pv

_pjn¬\n∂v Ncn-X-Ønse BZysØ Bt^m Ata-cn-°≥ ]kn-

U‚mb H_m-a-bv°p≈ hyXymkw CS-Xp-]£w IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-

∂p-sh-∂p-am-Xw. AXv IW-°n-se-Sp-Ø-t∏mƒ Xs∂ H_m-a-bpsS

kµ¿i\e£y-ß-sf-°p-dn®v i‡hpw hna¿i-\m-fl-I-hp-amb \ne-

]m-SmWv CS-Xp-]£w kzoI-cn-®-Xv.

CS-Xp-]-£-\n-e-]m-Sp-Iƒ ]q¿Æ-ambpw icn-sh-°p-∂-XmWv kµ¿i-

\-Øns‚ _m°n-]-Xw. CS-Xp-]£w \nc-¥cw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-®p-sIm-

≠n-cp∂ kmam-Py-Xz- -km-º-Øn-I˛ cmjvSob Xm¬]-cy-ßsf hy‡-

ambn ]Xn-^-en-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v kµ¿i-\-Øn-sem-Sp-hn¬ ]pd-Øn-d-

°nb kwbp‡ ]Jym-]\w. _n.-sP.-]n. k¿°m-cns‚ ImeØv cq]-

s∏´p XpS-ßn-bXpw a≥tam-l≥knMv \bn® H∂mw bp]nF k¿°m-

cns‚ ImeØv BW-h-I-cm¿ AS-°-ap-≈ \S-]-Sn-I-fn-eqsS i‡n-s∏-

-Xp-amb X¥-]-c-amb kJyw Ac-°n- p-d-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p H_ma-

bpsS kµ¿i-\w. C¥ybpw Ata-cn-°bpw XΩn¬ Xpey-X-bpsS

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ _‘hpw kl-I-c-Whpw hf¿Øp-∂-Xn\v CS-

Xp-]£w FXn-c-√. F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ Du´n-bp-d-∏n-®n- p≈ X¥-]-c-

amb _‘w Xpey-X-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≈-X√ F∂pw CXn¬

C¥y-bpsS ÿm\w Hcp Iogmf kJy-I-£n-bp-tSXv amX-amWv F∂-

Xp-am-Wv ]iv\w. kmº-ØnI ˛ cmjvSob taJ-e-I-fn¬ amX-a√

ssk\nI ˛ ]Xn-tcm[ taJ-e-I-fnepw C¥y Iogmf ]¶m-fn-bmbn

amdp-I-bm-Wv.

kµ¿i-\-Øns‚ ]›m-Øew

C¥y-bp-ambn ¢n‚¨, _pjv F∂n-h-cpsS ImeØv XpS-ßn-sh®

X¥-]-c-amb kJyw i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ B`y-¥-chpw _mly-hp-amb

kml-N-cy-ßƒ H_m-asb \n¿_-‘n-X-\m-°p∂ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬

IqSn-bmWv Cu k-µ¿i-\w. B`y-¥c cwKØv amµy-Øns‚ BLmXw

Ata-cn-°sb Ct∏mgpw th -bm-Sp-I-bm-Wv. kº-ZvL-S-\-bp-sS hos≠-

Sp∏v Bi-¶-bp-f-hm°pw hn[w aµ-K-Xn-bn-em-Wv. sXmgn-en-√mbva AXn-

Kp-cp-X-c-ambn XpS-cp-∂p. P-\-]-Xn-\n-[n-k- -bn-te-°p≈ sXc-s™-Sp-

∏n¬ Xncn-®-Sn-bp-≠m-Im\pw Imc-W-ßƒ CsX√mw Xs∂.

45Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


hntZ-i-Øm-sW-¶n¬ A vKm-\n-ÿm-\nepw Cdm-Jnepw AI-s∏´

Ipcp-°n¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-I-S-°m≥ Ata-cn-°°v Ign-™n- n-√. Ata-

cn-°-bpsS BtKmf ta[m-hn-Xz-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb _lp-[p-h-X hf¿∂p-

h-cp-∂-Xns‚ kqN-\-Iƒ i‡-am-Wv. CS-Xp-]£ hnP-b-ßƒ XpS-

cp∂ em‰n-\-ta-cn-°-bn¬ bpF-kns‚ ]nSn h√msX Ab-™n-cn-°p-

∂p. ZpX-K-Xn-bn-ep≈ kmº-ØnI hf¿®-s°m∏w ssN\-bpsS

cmjvSob kzm[o\w h¿≤n-°p-∂Xpw Ata-cn-°sb Bi-¶-s∏-Sp-Øp-

∂p-≠v. ssN\-˛-djy kl-I-cWw i‡n-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Ata-cn-°-bpsS

Gjy≥ Xm¬]-cy-ß-sfbpw BtKm-f-ta-[m-hn-Xz-sØbpw _m[n-°p-

sa∂v Ah¿°-dn-bmw. kmº-ØnI hf¿®-bn¬ ssN\°v ]n∂n¬

c≠mw ÿm\-Øp≈ C¥y IqSn AS-ßp∂ ssN\- -C-¥y- -djy A®p-

X≠v hf¿∂p-h-cp-∂Xv XS-tb-≠Xv Ata-cn-°-bpsS Bh-iy-am-Wv.

Ata-cn-°-bpsS Gjy≥_-‘Øns‚ B[m-c-in-e-bmWv C¥y-

sb∂pw C¥y Hcp i‡n-bmbn hf¿∂p-I-gn-™n-cn-°p∂p Fs∂-√m-

ap≈ H_m-a-bpsS ]iw-k-I-fpsS D∂w CsXm-s°-bm-Wv. Gjy-

bnse, ]tXy-In®v Z£n-tW-jy-bnse Ata-cn-°-bpsS ua cmjvSob

]cn-K-W-\-I-fn¬ C¥y \n¿Wm-b-I-am-sW∂ Xncn-®-dn-hns‚ ]›m-

Øew IqSn H_m-a-bpsS kµ¿i\-Øn-\p-≠v.

aqe-[\ Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ

C¥y≥hn-]Wn Ata-cn-°≥ aqe-[-\-Øn\v Xpd-∂p-In-´-emWv

kµ¿i-\-Øns‚ ASn-b-¥c e£yw F∂ hkvXpX H_ma H´pw

ad-®p-sh-®n- n-√. ]nSn-sF°v A\p-h-Zn® A`n-ap-J-Ønepw ]pd-s∏-Spw-

apºv \S-Ønb ]-X-k-tΩ-f-\-Ønepw apwss_-bnse _nkn-\kv kaq-

lsØ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvX-t∏mgpw H-Sp-hn¬ a≥tam-l≥kn-ßp-

am-bp≈ kwbp‡ ]X-k-tΩ-f-\-Ønepw H_ma Xs‚ BK-a-t\mt±

iyw hy‡-am-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Atacn-°-bn¬ IqSp-X¬ sXmgn-e-hk

-c-ßƒ krjvSn-°m≥ Xß-fpsS Ib-‰p-aXn i‡n-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww. Xßfp

sS D¬]-∂-ßƒ°mbn C¥y hmXn-ep-Iƒ ]q¿W-ambpw Xpd-∂n-SWw.

kµ¿i-\-Øn-ep-S-\ofw H_ma ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xv C°m-cy-am-Wv.

H_m-a-bpsS kµ¿i-\-Øns‚ AP≥U \n›-bn-®-Xn¬ ap-Jy-]¶v hln-

®Xv C¥y˛ Ata-cn° kn C H t^md-am-sW-∂Xpw At±-l-Øns‚

aqhm-bncw t]c-S-ßp∂ kwL-Ønse qcn- mKw t]cpw Ata-cn-°≥


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

h≥InS _nkn-\-kns‚ ]Xn-\n-[n-I-fm-sW-∂Xpw Cu kµ¿i-\-Øn-

\p-]n-∂n-ep≈ aqe-[\ Xm¬]-cy-ß-fn-te°v hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂p.

kµ¿i-\-Øn-s\m-Sp-hn¬ ]pd-Øn-d-°nb kwbp‡ ]Jym-]-\-

Øn¬ Cu aqe-[\ Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ sXfn-™p-Im-Wmw. Im¿jnI

kl-I-c-W-Øn-s‚bpw \nXy-l-cnX hnπ-h-Øn-s‚bpw t]cn¬ \ΩpsS

Im¿jn-I-ta-Je Ata-cn-°≥ AKn _nkn-\-kn\v Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp-°m≥

\ne-sam-cp-°n-°-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. 2005-˛se _pjv-˛-a≥tam-l≥

kwbp‡ ]Jym-]-\-Øns‚ mK-ambn \ne-hn¬h∂ C¥y˛ Ata-

cn° Im¿jnI hn⁄m\ ap≥ssI-bns‚ ad-hn-emWv \ΩpsS Im¿jn-

I--ta-J-esb tIm¿]-td‰vh¬°-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu kwhn-[m-\-Øns‚

Ub-d-IvS¿ t_m¿Un¬ Ata-cn-°sb ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂Xv _lp-

cm„ IpØ-I-I-fmb sam¨km-t‚mbpw hmƒam¿´p-am-sW∂v Adn-

bp-tºmƒ Imcy-ßƒ hy‡-am-hpw. CsX√mw 2005-˛¬ Xs∂ CS-Xp-

]£w Nq≠n-°m-ń-bXv Ct∏mƒ ]q¿Æ-ambpw km[q-I-cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-

°p-∂p. sam¨km-t‚msbt]mep-≈-h¿ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂ Ata--

cn-°≥ AKn _nkn-\-kns‚ Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ \nd-th-‰m-\p≈ bp]nF

k¿°m-cns‚ ia-ß-fpsS mK-amWv Cu ]m¿e-sa‚ v ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬

]mkm-°m≥ t]mIp∂ hnØp-_n¬. Im¿jnI taJe AKn _nkn-

\-kn\v Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xns‚ ew Im¿jnI ]Xn-k‘n aq¿On-

°epw Bfl-lXy s]cp-I-ep-am-bn-cn-°pw.

Nn√d hn¬]-\-ta-Je Xpd-∂p-In- -emWv Ata-cn-°-bpsS as‰mcp

Bh-iyw. hmƒam¿ń-s\-t∏m-ep≈ Ata-cn-°≥ _lp-cmjvS IpØ-

I-Iƒ Gsd-°m-e-ambn CXn-\mbn kΩ¿±w sNep-Øn-h-cn-I-bm-Wv.

]n≥hm-Xn-en-eqsS Ah¿ C¥y≥ hn]-Wn-bn¬ ]th-in-°p-I-bpw

sNbvXn-´p-≠v. Nn√d hn¬]\ taJe hntZi aqe-[-\-Øn\v Xpd-∂n-

Sm-\p≈ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ kµ¿i-\-Øns‚ XpS¿® F∂ \ne-bn¬ D≠m-

Ip-sa∂ hy‡-amb kqN-\-Iƒ h∂p-I-gn-™p. \mep-tIm-Sn-bn-tesd

hcp∂ sNdp-InS hym]m-cn-I-fpsS D]-Po-h-\-am¿§w A]-I-S-Øn-em-hp-

I-bm-bn-cn°pw ew. D∂-X-hn-Zym- ymk taJe Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-

Xn\pw kµ¿i-\-Øns‚ mK-ambn [mc-W-bm-bn- p-≠v. kwbp‡ ]X-

-k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬Xs∂ H_m-abpw a≥tam-l\pw C°mcyw ]d-bp-I-

bp-≠m-bn. _m¶n-Mv-˛-C≥jq-d≥kv taJe IqSp-X¬ DZm-c-h¬°-cn-

°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ kΩ¿±-ßƒ°p C¥y hg-ßp-sa-∂p≈ kqN-\-Ifpw

47Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


kwbp‡ ]Jym-]\w \¬Ip-∂p. AtX kabw C¥y D‰p-t\m-°n-

bn-cp∂ ]pdw-tPmen Icm-dns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ Ata-cn° XßfpsS \ne-

]m-Sn¬ A¬]w-t]mepw hn´p-hogvN sNbvXn- n√ F∂pw ImWmw. Ata-

cn-°-bpsS kmº-ØnI hmWnPy Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ°v C¥y kºq¿W-

ambpw Iog-S-ßn-sb-∂¿∞w.

BW-h-I-cmdpw ssk\nI kJyhpw

BW-h-I-cm-dn¬ H∏n-Sp-∂-Xn\v ][m-\-a¥n \nc-Ønb \ymb-ß-

fn¬ ][m\w Cc´ D]-tbm-K-km-t¶-Xn-I-hnZy Ah¿ \ap°p ssIam-

dp-sa-∂m-bncp∂p. C°m-cy-Øn¬ Dd-∏p-\¬Im-\m-hn-s√∂v C¥y-bn-

te°v ]pds∏-Spw-apºv H_ma ]d-™Xp Xs∂ kw -hn-®p. Cc´ D]-

tbmK kmt¶-XnI hnZy-sb-°p-dn®v kwbp‡ ]Jym-]\w au\w ]men-

®t∏mƒ a≥tam-l≥knMv cmPysØ sX‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-

sh∂v sXfn-™p. sF F-kv- B¿ -Hbpw Un B¿ Un- Hbpw D]-tbm-

Kn-°p∂ Nne kmt¶-XnI hnZy-Iƒ°v G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp∂ \nb-¥-

W-Øn¬ A¬]w Cfhv hcp-Øn-bXv amX-amWv BsI-bp-≠m-b-Xv.

CXp-Xs∂ Ata-cn-°≥ Iº-\n-I-fpsS Ib-‰p-aXn Xm¬]cyw amXw

IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp≈ mKn-I-amb Cf-hp-I-fm-Wv.

kwbp‡ ]Jym-]-\-Øn¬ C¥y kn F-kv C (I¨sh≥j≥

Hm v kπn-sa‚dn tImº≥tk-j≥)bn¬ H∏n-Sp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v ]cm-

a¿i-ap-≠v. CXn-\p-]n-∂n¬ Ata-cn-°-s°mcp KqV-e-£y-ap-≠v. ]m¿e-

sa‚ v ]mkm-°nb BW-h-_m-[yX \nb-a-Øn¬ CS-Xp-]£ t\Xr-

Xz-Øn¬ ]Xn-]£w \S-Ønb t]mcm´sØ XpS¿∂v 17(-_n) hIp∏v

Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm≥ k¿°m¿ \n¿_-‘n-X-am-bn-cp∂p. BWh A]-I-S-

ap-≠m-bm¬ \jvS-]-cn-lm-c-Øn-\p≈ _m[yX hntZi hnX-c-W-

°m¿°p-s≠∂v hyhÿ sNøp-∂-XmWv Cu hIp-∏v. Cu hIp∏v

krjvSn-°p∂ _m[yX adn-I-S-°m-\mWv H_m-a-bpsS ]cn-i-aw.

BW-h-I-cm¿ Ata-cn-°-bp-am-bp≈ ssk\n-I- -]-Xn-tcm[ kl-

I-c-W-Øn-te°v \bn-°p-sa∂ CS-Xp-]£ hna¿i-\hpw icn-bm-

sW∂v sXfn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Ata-cn-°-bp-ambn C¥y t\csØ H∏p-

sh® ]Xn-tcm[ N -°qSv Icm-dn-\p-]p-dsa c≠v kp]-[m\ ssk\nI

kl-I-cW Icm-dp-Iƒ IqSn H∏p-sh-bv°m≥ Cu kµ¿i-\-Øn¬

[mc-W-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. CXn¬ Hcp Icm¿ Ata-cn-°°v thsdmcp


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

cmPysØ BI-an-°m≥ C¥y-bpsS thyma- -\m-hnI Xmh-f-ßƒ D]-

tbm-Kn-°m≥ A\p-aXn \¬Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-Øn-\v, Cdms\

Ata-cn° BI-an-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ apwss_-bntem sIm®n-bntem

hcp∂ Ata-cn-°≥ bp≤-°-∏-ep-Iƒ°v C‘\w \nd®v Cdms\ e£y-

am°n \oßmw. c≠m-asØ Icm¿ C¥y-bnse ]Xn-tcm[ kwhn-[m-

\-ßsf Ata-cn-°-bpsS ]Xn-tcm[ hm¿Øm-hn-\n-ab kwhn-[m-\-

ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu c≠v Icm-dp-Ifpw C¥ysb

Ata-cn-°-bpsS kºq¿Æ ssk\nI kJy-i-‡n-bm°n am‰pw.

c£m-k-anXn AwKXzw

Cu kµ¿i-\w-sIm≠v C¥y-°p-≠mb almt\ -ambn sIm´n-tLm-

jn-°p-∂Xv sFIy-cmjvS kan-Xn-bnse ÿncmw-K-Xz-Øn-\p≈ Ata-

cn-°≥ ]n¥p-W-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ Cu ]n¥pW D]m-[n-Iƒ°v hnt[b-

amWv F∂ hkvXpX t_m[-]q¿∆w ad-®p-sh-°p-I-bm-Wv. ÿncmw-K

Xzw kw_-‘n® ]iv\-Øn\v ]m¿e-sa‚nse ]kw-Kw-hsc ImØn-

cn°q F∂p-]-d™ H_ma kkvs]≥kv krjvSn-®Xv shdp-sX-b-√.

Xs‚ D]m-[n-Iƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ DNn-X-amb thZn ]m¿e-sa‚m-sW∂v

Btem-Nn®v Dd-∏n-®p-X-s∂-bm-h-Ww. "C¥y Xß-fpsS A¥m-cmjvS

DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ß-fn¬\n∂v Hgn-™p-amdn' F∂v hna¿i\ kzcØn¬

]d™ H_ma "IqSp-X¬ A[n-Imcw F∂m¬ IqSp-X¬ DØ-c-hm-Zn

XzwF∂mWv A¿∞w' F∂v Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cdm-s\bpw

_¿a-sbbpw ]cm-a¿in®-Xn-eq-sSbpw P\m-[n-]-Xyhpw a\p-jym-h-Im-

ihpw Dd-∏p-h-cp-tØ≠ IS-a-sb-°p-dn®v ]d-™-Xn-eq-sSbpw H_ma

Xs‚ ktµiw \¬Ip-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A¥m-cmjvS ]iv\-ß-fn¬

Ata-cn-°-bpsS hymJym-\-ßƒ°pw \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ°psam∏w C¥y

\n¬°-Ww. Aßs\ \n∂m¬ bpF≥ ]p\x-kw-L-Sn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-tºm

ƒ c£m-k-an-Xn-bnse ÿncmw-K-XzsØ ]n¥p-W°mw. Ct∏m-gsØ

c≠p-h¿jsØ Xm¬°m-enI c£m-k-anXn AwKXzw CsX√mw \nco-

£n-°p∂ "s]mt_-j≥' Imem-h[n Bbn-cn-°p-sa-∂p-Iq-Sn-bmWv

H_ma ]d-™-Xn-\¿∞w. bp F≥ ]ta-b-ßƒ \S-∏m-°-s∏-S-W-sa

∂pw D]-tcm-[-ßƒ ]m_-ey-Øn¬ hcp-Ø-W-sa∂pw H_ma ]d-bp-

I-bp-≠m-bn. H_m-a-bpsS Cc-´-Øm-∏mWv ChnsS ]I-S-am-hp-∂-Xv.

Iyq_-bvs°-Xn-cmb D]-tcm[w ]n≥h-en-°-W-sa∂v Cu Ign™

49Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


HIvtSm-_-dn¬ ]sØm-ºXmw Xh-Wbpw bp F≥ s]mXp-k` ]tabw

]mkm-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. 192 cmPy-ßƒ ]n¥p-W® ]ta-bsØ FXn¿

ØXv Ata-cn-°bpw Ck-tbepw amX-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]e-kvXo≥ kw_-

‘n® bp F≥ ]ta-b-ßƒ \S∏nem-°-W-sa∂v Ata-cn° ]d-bptam?

Ck-tb-en-s\-Xn-cmbn Fs¥-¶nepw \S-]Sn FSp-°m-≥ sFIy-cm-jvS-

k- sb bpFkv A\p-h-Zn-°ptam? Cdm-Jns\ BI-an-°m≥ Ata-cn-

°°v Hcp bp F≥ ]ta-b-Øns‚t]mepw ]n≥_-e-an-√m-bn-cp-∂-t√m.

At∏mƒ H_ma ]d-bp-∂Xv hfsc efn-X-am-Wv. Xß-fpsS N´p-Iambn

\n∂m¬ c£m-k-anXn AwK-Xz-Øn\v ]n¥pW \¬Imw. Cßs\

Ata-cn-°-bpsS HuZm-cy-Øn¬ In´p∂ c£m-k-anXn AwK-Xz-Øn\v

F¥v hne-bm-Wp-≠m-hpI F∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√-t√m.

t`m∏mepw slUvenbpw

kp]-[m-\-amb P\-Iob ]iv\-ßƒ Ata-cn-°≥ ]kn-U‚ns‚

apºn¬ \nh¿∂p-\n∂p ]d-bm-\p≈ ss[cyw a≥tam-l-≥kn-ßn\pw

Iq´¿°pw D≠m-bn-√. AXn¬ G‰hpw ][m\w t`m∏m¬ Zpc¥-_m-

[n-X-cpsS ]iv\-am-Wv. t`m-∏m¬ Zpc-¥-Øns‚ Cc-Iƒ°v \jvS-]-

cnlmcw \¬Ip-∂-Xn-s‚bpw t`m∏m-ense hnj-am-en\yw \o°p-∂-

Xns‚bpw _m[yX bqWn-b≥ Im¿ss_-Uns‚ Ct∏m-gsØ DS-aI-

fmb Uu sIan-°¬kn-\p-ta¬ Npa-Ø-W-sa∂ C¥y-bnse P\-Iob

Bhiyw H_m-a-bpsS kµ¿i-\-th-f-bn¬ bp ]n F k¿°m¿ I≠n-

s√∂p \Sn®p. saIvkn-°≥ IS-en-Sp-°nse FÆ-t®m¿®bv°v _n´ojv

s]tSm-fn-b-Øn\v \jvS-]-cn-lmcw CuSm-°p-∂-Xn¬ hn´p-ho-gvN-bn-

√mØ \ne-]mSv kzoI-cn® H_ma t`m∏m-ens‚ ]iv\w hcp-tºmƒ

au\w ]men-°p-∂Xpw Cc- -Øm-∏m-Wv.

as‰mcp ][m\ ]iv\w bqWn-b≥ Im¿ss_Uv ta[m-hn-bm-bn-

cp∂ hmd≥ Bt‚-gvks\ C¥y°v hn´p-In- p-∂-Xm-Wv. Bt‚-gvks\

c£-s∏-Sm≥ tIm¨Kkv k¿°m¿ A\p-h-Zn® Imcyw ]pd-Øp-h-∂-

Xns\ XpS¿∂v i‡-amb ]Xn-tj[w t\cn-tS-≠n-h-∂-t∏mƒ Bt‚-

gvkns\ hn´p-In-´m≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-sa∂v bp ]n F k¿°m¿ ]m¿e-

sa‚n¬ ]d-™n-cp-∂p. Bflm¿∞X D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ C°mcyw

H_m-a-tbmSv Bh-iy-s∏-tS-≠n-bn-cp-∂p.

slUven-bpsS Imcy-Ønepw CXp-Xs∂ kw`-hn-®p. C¥y-bn¬


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

h∂-Xp-ap-X¬ Xoh-hm-Z-sØ-°p-dn®pw XmPnse Xma-k-Øns‚ ]Xo-

Im-fl-I-X-sb-°p-dn®pw hmtXm-cmsX ]kw-Kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ H_m-

a-tbmSv apwss_ BI-a-W-Øns‚ apJy kqX-[m-c-\mb slUvensb

hn´p-X-c-W-sa∂v Bh-iy-s∏-Sm-\p≈ XmWn a≥tam-l≥kn-ßn-\p-≠m-

bn-cp-∂n-√. knsF-F-bp-sSbpw A¬JzbvZ-bp-sSbpw Cc´ GP‚mbn-

cp∂ slUven cl-ky-ß-fpsS Ie-h-d-bm-sW∂v H_m-a-bv°-dn-bmw.

Hcp-]-t£, hn°n-eoIvkv ]pd-Øp-sIm-≠p-h-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ sR´n-

°p∂ cl-ky-ß-fm-bn-cn°pw slUvensb hn´p-sIm-Sp-Øm¬ ]pd-Øp-

h-cnI F∂p H_ma Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂p-≠m-Ipw. Ata-cn-°-bp-ambn Xoh-

hm-Z--Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn kl-I-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ s]m≈-Ø-c-amWv ChnsS

]I-S-am-hp-∂-Xv.

t\´w B¿°v?

a≥tam-l≥kn-ßp-sam-Øp≈ ]X-k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ F≥ Un- Sn hn

]Xn-\n-[n-bpsS hf-®p-sI- n--- √mØ B tNmZyw H_m-a-tbmSv tNmZn-®p.

48,000 sXmgn-e-h-k-c-ßƒ Dƒs∏sS Ata-cn-°°v D≠m-Ip∂ t\´-

ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]d-bp∂ Xm¶ƒ°v C¥y°v e`n°p∂ t\´-ßƒ

Fs¥∂v hni-Zo-I-cn-°mtam? H_m-abv°v hy‡-amb DØ-c-ap-≠m-

bn-√. Cu kµ¿i-\-Øns‚ apJy-KpWt`m‡m-°ƒ Ata-cn-°≥ aqe-

[\ i‡n-I-fm-sW-∂Xv A\n-tj-[y-amb hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. Ata-cn-

°≥ _lp-cmjvS IpØ-I-bm-bn-´p≈ P\-d¬ Ce-IvSn-°¬kns‚

kn C- H- sP v Ca¬‰v "C°-tWm-an-kvIvssSwkn' \v A\p-h-Zn® A`n-

ap-J-Øn¬ Xßƒ ]Xo-£n-°p∂ hºn® t\´-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-

∂p-≠v. Cu kµ¿i-\-Øns‚ e-am-bp-≠m-Ip∂ Icm-dp-I-fn¬\n∂v

amXw Iº-\n-bpsS hcp-am-\-Øn¬ ap∏Xv iX-am\w h¿≤-\-bp-≠m-

Ip-sa∂v Ca¬‰v ]d-bp-∂p. kmº-ØnI amµy-Øn¬ Kpcp-X-c-amb

]Xn-k‘nbn¬ AI-s∏´ Iº-\n-bmWv P\-d¬ Ce-IvSn-°¬kv

Ft∂m¿°p-I. AXn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-I-S-°m≥ H_m-a-bpsS C¥ym-

k-µ¿i\w Ahsc klm-bn-°p-sa-∂¿∞w. Ata-cn-°≥ hnam-\-°-

º-\n-bmb t_mbnw-ßns‚ C¥y≥ ta[mhn tUm. Znt\jv tIivI¿

]d-bp-∂Xv kvss]kv sP-‰n¬\n∂v e`n® 270 tImSn tUmf-dns‚

Icm¿ amµy Ime-Øn\v tijw Xßƒ°v e`n® G‰hpw henb Icm-

dm-sW-∂m-Wv. knsF-sF-bpsS Hcp ]T-\-dn-t∏m¿ v Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-

51Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


∂Xv H_m-a-bpsS C¥y-k-µ¿i-\-Øns‚ e-ambn ASpØ Hcp Zi-

I-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Ata-cn-°-bn¬ Ggve£w sXmgn-e-h-k-c-ßƒ krjvSn-

°-s∏-Sp-sa-∂m-Wv. \ΩpsS sNe-hn¬ ]Xn-k-‘n-bn¬\n∂v Ic-I-b-

dm≥ A-ta-cn-°≥ IpØ-I-Isf klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\mWv Cu ktµ-i-

sa-∂¿∞w. CXp-sIm≠v C¥y-bn-em¿°pw KpW-ap-≠m-hn-s√∂v ]d-

™p-Iq-Sm. Aw_m-\n-am-scbpw hnt]m-sbbpwt]mep≈ C¥y≥ IpØ-

I-Iƒ°pw Ata-cn-°≥ aqe-[-\-hp-ambn kl-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS em`w

sImøm-\m-hpw. \h-en-_-d¬ \b-ß-fn-te-°p≈ Nph-Sp-am-‰-ap-≠mb

1991 \ptijw ImWp∂ ]Inb ˛ kmam-PyXz aqe-[-\-hp-ambn

tN¿∂v C¥y-bnse h≥InS aqe-[\ i‡n-Iƒ hf-cp∂ ]Inb

IqSp-X¬ i‡ns∏-Spw. AXn\v hne sImSp-t°-≠n-h-cnI C¥y-bnse

Irjn-°mcpw sNdp-InS I®-h-S-°mcpw km[m-c-W-°m-cp-a-S-ßp∂ _lp-

`q-cn-]-£-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂p-am-Xw. H_m-a-bpsS kµ¿i-\-th-f-bn¬ ]pd-

Øp-h∂ bp F≥ Un- ]n-bpsS am\h hnI-k\ dnt∏m¿´n¬ a\p-jy-

hn-I-k\ kqNn-I-bn¬ hfsc ]n∂n¬ temIsØ 119- mw ÿm\-amWv

C¥y-bp-tS-sX∂v ]d-bp-∂p. km[m-c-W-°m-cs‚ Pohn-X-Ø-I¿®-bpsS

Cu ÿnXn IqSp-X¬ aq¿On-∏n-°m≥ amXta H_m-a-bpsS kµ¿i\w

D]-I-cn-°q.

Km‘n-Pnbpw SmtKmdpw hnth-Im-\-µ\pw Awt_-ZvI-dp-sa√mw ]cm-

a¿in-°s∏´ ]m¿e-sa‚ v ]kw-K-Øn-eqsS H_ma bYm¿∞-Øn¬

A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøm≥ ian-®Xv \h-en-_-d¬ \b-ß-fpsS KpW-

t`m-‡m-°-fmb C¥y≥ a[y-h¿K-sØ-bm-Wv. C¥y hf¿∂p-I-gn™

Hcp BtKmfi‡n-bm-sW∂pw a‰p-ap≈ ]iw-k-Iƒ Ahsc tImcn-

Ø-cn-∏n-°m-\p-≈-Xm-bn-cq-∂p. s\lvdp-hns\ Xs‚ ]kw-K-Øn¬ ]cm-

a¿in-°m-Xn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ Xs∂ ssek≥kv Izm´ kº-Zm-b--Øn¬\n-

∂p≈ hyXn-N-e-\sØ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-®-Xn-eqsS s\lvdp-hn-b≥ \b-ßsf

X≈n-∏-d-bpI IqSn-bmWv H_ma sNbvX-Xv. ]iw-km-h-N-\-ß-fpsS

a[p-c-Øn¬ Hfn-∏n-®p-sh® CXp-t]m-ep≈ Ht´sd Iq¿Ø ap≈p-Iƒ

AS-ßnb ]m¿e-sa‚ v ]kwKw H_m-a-bpsS BK-a-t\m-t±-iy-Øns‚

cmjvSobw IrXy-ambn ]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. B cmjvSo-b-sØ-

bmWv CS-Xp-]£w hn´p-ho-gvN-bn-√msX FXn¿-°p-∂-Xv.

Iem-Iu-apZn hmcnI

2010 \hw-_¿


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Agn-a-Xn-bpsS A¿∞-imkvXw

Cw•≠nse ]kn≤amb Cu k¿∆Iemimebn¬ ]`mjWw

\SØm≥ Fs∂ £Wn®Xn\v Rm≥ BZyambn \µn tcJ

s∏SpØs´. CXv Hcp henb _lpaXnbpw AwKoImchpambn Rm≥

IW°m°p∂p.

ChnsS Fs‚ ]`mjW hnjbw AgnaXnbmWv. Fs‚ cmPyØv,

C¥ybn¬, C∂sØ tZiob kwhmZØns‚ tIµ _nµp Agn

aXnbmWv. ]m¿esa‚pw, A®Sn˛Zriyam[yaßfpw tkmjy¬ s\‰v

h¿°nßv ssk‰pIfpsa∂p th≠ cmPyØns‚ ap°nepw aqebn

epsa√mw G‰hpw NqtSdnb N¿®m hnjbw CXpXs∂. C¥ybn¬,

Im_n\‰v a¥namcpw h≥InS tIm¿∏td‰pIfpw Dƒs∏´ AgnaXn

Btcm]W ]cºcIƒ Xs∂ Db¿∂p hcp∂Xv h≥tXmXnep≈

_lpP\tcmjw Dfhm°nbn´p≠v.

temIv]m¬ _n¬ F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp \nba \n¿ΩmWØn\v \S]Sn

kzoIcn°m≥ CXv k¿°mcns\ \n¿_‘nXam°nbn´p≠v.

A£cm¿XvYØn¬ FSpØm¬ temIv]m¬ F∂Xv Hcp Hmw_p

Uvkvam≥ BWv. F∂m¬ C¥ybn¬, D∂Xÿm\ßfnse AgnaXn

XSbm\p≈ Hcp Imhemfmbn´mWv temIv]m¬ IW°m°s∏Sp∂Xv.

Cu _n¬ hcp∂ ]m¿esa‚ v ktΩf\Øn¬ N¿® sNøs∏Spsa∂p

Xs∂bmWv ]Xo£n°p∂Xv. F∂m¬ Hcp AgnaXn hncp≤

kwhn[m\w sIm≠p amXw AgnaXn XSbm\mhn√. AgnaXnsb

sNdp°Wsa¶n¬ ]iv\w kw_‘n® icnbmb [mcW \ap°v

D≠mhWw.

53Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


apXemfnØhpw AgnaXnbpw

AgnaXn Hcp ]pXnb ]Xn`mktam C¥y t]mep≈ aq∂mw temI

cmPyßfn¬ amXw HXpßn\n¬°p∂tXm A√. Atacn°bpw Cw•

≠pw t]mep≈ hnIknX apXemfnØ cmPyßfpw AgnaXn sshd

kns‚ AWp_m[bn¬ \n∂v ap‡a√. apXemfnØ hyhÿbn¬

BgØn¬ thcq∂nb Hcp km¿∆euInI ]Xn`mkamWv AgnaXn.

apXemfnØ kºZv hyhÿbpsS ]h¿Ø\Øn¬ \n∂pw

kz`mhØn¬ \n∂pw thdn v CXns\ a\ nem°mt\m hniIe\w

sNømt\m hniZoIcn°mt\m Ignbn√.

aqe[\Øns‚ H∂mw hmeyØnse ap∏Ønsbm∂mw A[ymb

Øn¬ _nójv tSUv bqWnb≥ t\Xmhmb Sn.sP. UÆnßns\

am¿Ivkv D≤cn°pIbp≠mbn

aXnbmb emàps≠¶n¬ apXemfnØØn\v XnI™ [ocX

bmWv. 10% em`w kp\n›nXamsW¶n¬ AXv F√mbnSØpw AXn

s‚ \ntbmKw Dd∏phcpØpw. 20% em`w kp\nivNnXamsW¶n¬

AXv Hu’pIyw krjvSn°pw. 50% emàp≠m°psa¶n¬ [n°mc

ambn. 100% em`w In´psa¶n¬ AXv F√m am\pjnI \nbaßsfbpw

NhnńsaXn°pw. 300% em`w In´psa∂msW¶n¬ GsXmcp kml

knIX°pw GsXmcp ISpwssI°pw AXv k∂≤amIpw, kz¥w

DSaÿs\ Xq°nte‰p∂XS°w.

am¿IvknÃv ho£WtImWn¬ t\m°nbm¬ AgnaXn apXemfn

Ø aqe[\kamlcWØns‚bpw em`w ]camh[nbm°p∂Xns‚

bpw ]Inbbpambn At`Zyambn _‘s∏ńcn°p∂p. F¥v hne

sImSpØpw em`w ]camh[n IøS°m\p≈ XzcbmWv AgnaXn°v

A\pIqeamb ]cnXÿnXn krjvSn°p∂Xv. aqe[\Øn¬ am¿Ivkv

hniZoIcn°p∂Xp t]mse, apXemfnØØnse kmºØnI

hf¿®bpsS NmeIi‡nbmb aqe[\kamlcW ]Inb Npcp°w

ssIIfn¬ aqe[\w tIµoIcn°p∂Xn\v CSbm°p∂p. Cu aqe[\

kamlcWØns‚bpw tIµoIcWØns‚bpw ]Inb òa≥

IpØIIsf krjvSn°pIbpw AXv IqSpX¬ IqSpX¬ em`w ssI

hcn°m\pw IqSpX¬ henb IpØIIfmbn hfcm\pap≈ ia

Øn\nSbn¬ \nbaØnt‚Xmb XS ßtfbpw AXncpItfbpw XpS¿


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

®bmbn X≈nam‰ns°m≠ncn°pw. apXemfnØØn¬ ]pXnb kwcw

`ßfn¬ \nt£]w \SØp∂ km[mcW ]InbbneqsS amXa√

IqSpX¬ em`w ssIhcn°p∂Xv. sIm≈em`Øn\mbn, h≥InS

IpØIIƒ s]mXp BkvXnIfpw qan, [mXp°ƒ, Pew, kvs]IvSw

XpSßnb s]mXphn`hßfpw kzImcyh¬°cWØneqsS IøS°p

∂Xv apXemfnØØn¬ ]et∏mgpw kw`hn°mdp≈XmWv. h≥InS

IpØIIfpsS i‡nbn¬ h≥tXmXnep≈ h¿≤\bp≠mb BtKm

fh¬°cW L´Øn¬ Cu ]hWXbpsS thKw IqSnbn´p≠v.

h¿Øam\ImesØ AgnaXnbpsS apJy tkmX v cWIqS i‡n

Ifpw h≥InS IpØI aqe[\hpw XΩnep≈ Iq´psI´mWv.

AgnaXn: C¥y≥ A\p`hw

AgnaXn°mcmb cmjvSob°mcpsSbpw DtZymKÿcpsSbpw

klmbtØmsS B`y¥c hntZi tIm¿∏td‰v i‡nIƒ s]mXp

BkvXnIfpw ]IrXn hn`hßfpw ]m´pw ]mSn ssI°em°p ∂Xm

Wv C¥ybnepw \man∂v I≠psIm≠ncn°p∂Xv. Cu h≥InS tIm¿

∏td‰v cmjvSob˛DtZymKÿ Iq´psI v hn\miIcamb Xeßfn¬

FØnbncn°p∂p. CXmWv AgnaXnbpsS ]gbXpw ]pXnbXpamb

cq]ßsf th¿Xncn°p∂ ][m\ LSIw.

C¥ybnse kao]Ime AgnaXnIfn¬ Dƒs∏´ ]WØns‚ Af

hv A`qX]q¿∆amWv. 2Pn kvs]IvSw ssek≥kv A\phZn°p∂Xp

ambn _‘s∏´ AgnaXnbn¬ tZiob JP\mhn\p≠mb oaamb

\jvSw kn.F.Pn.bpsS IW°\pkcn®v 176,000 tImSn cq]bmWv.

tIma¨sh¬Øv sKbnwkv IcmdpIƒ \¬Ip∂Xnep≠mb AgnaXn

70,000 tImSn cq]bptSXmWv. kn.F.Pn. bpsS G‰hpw ]pXnb dnt∏m¿

´\pkcn®v sI.Pn. (IrjvW˛tKmZmhcn) XSØnse ]IrXnhmXIw

Ipgns®Sp°p∂Xns‚ sNehv s]cp∏n®p ImWn® C¥ybnse

G‰hpw henb IpØI IpSpw_amb dneb≥kv C≥UkvSokns‚

\S]SnbpsS ^eambn tZiob JP\mhn\p≠mb \jvSw Xn´s∏

SpØm\mhmØXmWv. F¨]XpIfn¬ tImfnf°w krjvSn® t_m

t^mgvkv CS]mSnse IΩoj≥ XpI 68 tImSn cq]bmbncp∂psh∂v

Hm¿°pI. 2Pn kvs]IvSw CS]mSn¬ cmPyØn\p≠mb \jvSw t_m

t^mgvkv AgnaXnbn¬ Dƒs∏´ kwJybpsS 2600 Cc´nbmWv. 1.76

55Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


e£w tImSn cq] F∂m¬ 2008 se C¥ybpsS samØw aqe[\

kamlcWØns‚ 10 iXam\amWv. Cu IW°pIƒ kao]Ime

sØ AgnaXnIfpsS Aºc∏n°p∂ am\ßƒ hy‡am°p∂XmWv.

kao]ZiIßfn¬ AgnaXn CX cm£kobambn hfcm\p≈

ImcWsa¥mWv ? 1991 apX¬ ]n¥pS¿∂p hcp∂ \h DZmc \bß

fpsSbpw hf¿®m amXrIbpsSbpw êamWnXv. DZmch¬°cW

Øn\v apºv ssek≥kv˛Izm´˛s]¿an‰v cmPns‚bpw kmºØnI

]h¿Ø\ßfnep≈ AanXamb k¿°m¿ CSs]Sens‚bpw Zqjy

êambn´mWv AgnaXn hntijn∏n°s∏ńcp∂Xv. DZmch¬°c

WØns‚ h‡m°ƒ \tΩmSv ]d™Xv kzImcy aqe[\sØ kzX

¥am°p∂Xpw Itºmf i‡nIsf sI´gn®phnSp∂Xpw cWIqS

CSs]SepIƒ shń°pd°p∂Xpw Db¿∂ kmºØnI hf¿® Xzcn

Xs∏SpØpIbpw hnthN\m[nImcßƒ \o°w sNøp∂XneqsS

kºZv hyhÿsb \nb¥Wap‡am°p∂ \S]SnIƒ \bcq]o

IcWØn¬ kpXmcyX Dd∏phcpØIbpw h≥tXmXn¬ AgnaXn

Ipdbp∂Xnte°v bp‡nklambn \bn°pIbpw sNøpsa∂mbn

cp∂p. F¥mbmepw, C¥y≥ htcWy h¿§ DZmch¬°cWØn

s‚ Ccp]Xmw hm¿jnIw BtLmjn°ptºmƒ _lpiXtImSnIƒ

Dƒs∏´ saKm AgnaXnIƒ Cu AhImihmZßfpsS s]m≈Øc

ßƒ Xpd∂p ImWn®ncn°p∂p.

C¥ybpsS hf¿®m NcnXw

hnIknX apXemfnØ cmPyßƒt]mepw XßfpsS kºZv hyh

ÿIsf Xmßn\n¿Øm≥ hnjan® L´Øn¬ t]mepw Db¿∂

Pn.Un.]n. hf¿® \nc°v \ne\n¿Ønb Npcp°w kºZvLS\ Ifn

sem∂mWv C¥ybptSXv F∂Xv kXyamWv. F∂m¬ Cu hf¿®

bpsS kz`mhhpw ]XymLmXßfpw ImWmXncp∂pIqS. tZiobhcp

am\Øn¬ (Pn.Un.]n) em`Øns‚bpw ]enibpsSbpw ]¶v KWyambn

s]cpInb apJyambpw tIm¿∏td‰pIfm¬ \bn°s∏´ hf¿®bm

WnXv. Pn.Un.]n.bn¬ Iqen hcpam\Øns‚ ]¶v IpdbpIbmWv

D≠mbXv F∂pw ImWWw.

Cu Db¿∂ kmºØnI hf¿® C¥y≥ P\XbpsS ta¬Øńse

Hcp kq£va ]mfnsb AanXambn t]mjn∏n°pIbpw AXnkº∂


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

cpsS Hcp h¿£sØ krjvSn°pIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p. 2011 ¬

t^m_vkv amknIbpsS tUmf¿ ASnÿm\Ønep≈ iXtImSo

izc≥amcpsS ]ńIbn¬ CSw ]nSn® C¥ym°mcpsS FÆw 55

Bbncn°p∂p. AhcpsS BsI BkvXn C¥ybpsS Pn.Un.]n. bpsS

15 iXam\w AYhm 250 _ney¨ tUmf¿ (GItZiw 1125000tImSn

cq]) hcpw F∂mWv IW°m°nbncn°p∂Xv. CXmWv Xnf°ap≈

hisa¶n¬ hrØnlo\hpw Ccp≠Xpamb Hcp hiw IqSn Cu

hf¿®m NcnXØn\p≠v. s]m^. A¿Pp≥ sk≥ Kp]vXbpsS t\Xr

XzØnep≈ AkwLSnX taJesb kw_‘n® tZiobIΩojs‚

IW°v ]Imcw C¥y≥ P\XbpsS 77 iXam\w AXmbXv 836

Zie£w t]¿ Bsfm∂n\v ]XnZn\w 20 cq]bn¬ Xmsg amXamWv

PohnXmhiyßƒ°mbv sNehgn°p∂Xv. Im¿jnI ]Xnk‘nbpw

Xmßm\mhmØ IS`mchpw Ign™ Hcp ZiIØn\nSbn¬ c≠p

e£Øntesd Irjn°msc BfllXybnte°v \bn®p. Hmtcm

AcaWn°qdnepw Hcp Irjn°mc≥ C¥ybn¬ BfllXy sNøp∂p

F∂mWv tZiob ssIw dn°m¿Uvkv _yqtdmbpsS IW°pIƒ

hy‡am°p∂Xv. Gsd sImńtLmjn°s∏Sp∂ C¥y≥ hf¿®

bpsS ]n∂nep≈ bYm¿∞ IYbnXmWv. DZmch¬°cW \bßƒ

hmKvZm\w sNbvX kmºØnI ]ptcmKXnbpsS KpWêßƒ

sImbvXXv C¥y≥ P\kwJybnse kq£vaamb Hcp hn`mKw amX

amWv F∂XmWv hkvXpX. Kmaßfnepw \Kcßfnse tNcnIfnepw

Pohn°p∂ _lp`qcn]£w P\ßfpw sImSnb ZmcnZyw, ]ńWn,

t]mjImlmc°pdhv, sXmgnen√mbva F∂nhbnte°v X≈nhnS

s∏ńcn°p∂p.

DZmch¬IrXImesØ AgnaXn

DZmch¬°cWØn\p Iogn¬ `cWIqSØns‚ ]¶v kzImcy

aqe[\sØ \nb¥n°p∂Xn¬ \n∂v AXn\v kuIcysamcp°n

s°mSp°p∂Xmbn amdnbn´p≠v. cWIqSØns‚ Cu ]p\¿\n¿∆Nn

°s∏´ ]¶ns‚ A¿∞w kzImcy aqe[\Øn\v em`w h¿≤n∏n°m

\p≈ ]pXnb ]mXIƒ Xpd∂p sImSp°pI F∂XmWv. ChnsS

bmWv \nba]chpw \nbahncp≤ambXn\p anSbnep≈ AXncpIƒ

am™pt]mIp∂Xv.

57Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


DZmlcWØn\v, 2Pnkvs]IvSw hnXcWw kw_‘n® kn.F.Pn.

dnt∏m¿ń¬ h≥InS tIm¿∏td‰pIsf klmbn°m≥ N´ßfpw

hyhÿIfpw \S]SnIaßfpw \·ambn ewLn®Xv Fßns\sb∂v

Nq≠n°mWn°p∂p. kn.F.Pn. ]dbp∂p.

ssek≥kpIƒ A\phZn°p∂ ]InbbmsI kpXmcyX

bn√msXbpw hnthN\ ]chpw \ymbclnXhpw Ak¥penXhpamb

coXnbnemWv \S∂Xv... sSentImw hIp∏v 2001 se hne°v 2008 ¬

122 ]pXnb 2 Pn kvs]IvSw ssek≥kpIƒ A\phZn®Xv [\Imcy

bp‡nbpw N´ßfpw \S]SnIaßfpw apgph≥ ewLn®psIm≠mWv.

sSentImw hIp∏v Ah¿ Xs∂ \n›bn® tbmKyXm \n_‘\Iƒ

]men®n√. At]£Iƒ kzoIcn°m\p≈ A¥na XoøXn hnthN\

]cambn ]n∂oSv am‰pIbpw \ymbhpw aXnbmbXpamb ImcW

ßfn√msX BZyw h∂h¿°v BZyw (FCFS)F∂ \S]SnIaØns‚

hyhÿIƒ \n¿WmbI L´ßfn¬ am‰nadn°pIbpw sNbvXp.

CsX√mw Nne Iº\nIƒ°v a‰p≈h°p ta¬ A\ymbamb ap≥

Xq°w \¬In. (JWvUnI 6.2 t]Pv 57 2Pnkvs]IvSw A\phZn®Xv

kw_‘n® kn.F.Pn. dnt∏m¿´v) kn.F.Pn. Ip‰s∏SpØp∂ ap≥

sSentImw a¥n \nc¥cw AhImis∏´psIm≠ncp∂Xv 2001se

hne°v 2008¬ kvs]IvSw A\phZn® Xs‚ \S]Sn sSentImw taJe

bn¬ F√mh¿°pw Xpey Ahkcßƒ e`yam°m\pw a’cw Dd∏p

hcpØm\pw Dt±in®p≈ \S]SnIfmbncp∂psh∂mWv. bYm¿

∞Øn¬ At±lw sNbvXXv h≥InS tIm¿∏td‰pIƒ°v oaambn

kmºØnIt\áp≠m°m≥ adbn√msX klmbn°pIbpw AXns‚

]Xnêambn kz¥ambn t\áp≠m°pIbpambncp∂p. Cu a¥n

Xs‚ Iq´p ]XnIfmb _n n\ pIm¿°pw DtZymKÿ ]apJ¿

°psam∏w Ct∏mƒ PbnenemWv. tIkv kp]ow tImSXnbn¬ \S∂p

hcnIbpamWv

]IrXn hn`hßƒ h≥InS tIm¿∏td‰pIƒ°v Xp—amb hne°v

hn‰vXpe°m≥ N´ßƒ hfs®mSn°p∂ kw`hßƒ tZiob Xe

Øn¬ HXpßn \n¬°p∂n√. I¿ÆmSI t]mep≈ C¥y≥ kwÿm

\ßfn¬ J\\ taJebpsS kzImcyh¬°cWsØØpS¿∂v J\n

am^nb hf¿∂ph∂ncn°p∂p. Xßƒ°njvSap≈hsc A[nImcØn

te‰m\pw FXncmbhsc Xmsgbnd°m\pw Ignbp∂ hn[Øn¬ Ahn


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

SpsØ cmjvSobØnepw `cWI£nbnepw J\nam^nb ]nSnapdp

°nbncn°p∂p.

\nIpXnshń∏pw I≈∏WØns‚ D¬∏mZ\hpamWv DZmch¬

°cWImeØv AgnaXnbpsS as‰mcp ][m\ tkmX v. \nIpXn

AS°msX C¥ybnte°v ]Wsamgp°p∂Xns‚ Hcp ][m\ ]mX

C¥ybpw audojykpw XΩn¬ D≠m°nbn´p≈ Cc´ \nIpXn

Hgnhm°¬ Icm¿ (DTAA)BWv. C¥ybnte°p≈ ]Xy£ hntZi

\nt£]Øns‚ (FDI) 40%hpw Cu audojykv ]mXbneqsS

bmsW∂ Imcyw it≤bamWv. Cu hntZi\nt£]Øns‚ Gdnb

]¶pw \nIpXn shń°m≥ th≠n audojykneqsS Idßn cmPy

tØ°v Xncn®phcp∂ C¥y≥ ]Ww Xs∂bmsW∂mWv hym]I

ambn kwibn°s∏Sp∂Xv. 2Pn, sF.]n.F¬ XpSßnb kao]Im

esØ AgnaXnt°kpIƒs°√mw Hcp audojykv _‘w ImWm

\mhpw. audojykn¬ cPnÃ¿ sNbvXn´p≈ ISemkv Iº\nIsf

D]tbmKn®mWv \·amb \nIpXn shń∏pw ]Ww Ccń∏n°epw a‰p

Xń∏pIfpw \SØns°m≠n cn°p∂Xv. audojykpambp≈ Cc´

\nIpXn Hgnhm°¬ Icm¿ d±m°pItbm s]mfns®gpXpItbm sNø

Wsa∂ cmjvSobmhiyw i‡ambn Db¿∂n´pw tIm¿∏td‰v tem_n

bpsS AXni‡amb kΩ¿±w aqew tIµk¿°m¿ A\ßnbnń√.

t•m_¬ ss^\m≥jy¬ C‚Kn‰n (GFI) ASpØImeØv \S

Ønb ]T\w C¥ybn¬ \n∂p≈ \nbahncp≤amb aqe[\ ]hmlw

kw_‘n®v Nne IW°pIƒ shfns∏SpØnbn´p≠v ]T\Øn\v

t\XrXzw \¬Inb sF.Fw.F^nse apXn¿∂ [\imkvX⁄\pw

Pn.F^v.sFbnse Ct∏mgsØ apJy [\imkvX⁄\pamb

tZhvI¿ Cu aqe[\ ]hmlw C¥y°p ]pdØp≈ tIµßfnte°v

]Ww ISØns°m≠pt]mIp∂Xn\v ImcWambn´p≠v F∂v

Nq≠n°mWn°p∂p.

AhcpsS ]T\a\pkcn®v 1948 \pw 2008 \panS°p≈ 60 h¿j

Øn\nSbn¬ C¥ybn¬ \n∂v \nbahncp≤ambn ]pdtØ°v HgpInb

]Ww GXm≠v 213 _ney¨ tUmfdmWv. Ct∏mgsØ aqeyw

IW°m°ptºmƒ 462 _ney¨ (GItZiw 21 e£w tImSn cq])

tUmf¿ hcpw. Cu XpI 2008 se C¥ybpsS tZiob hcpam\Øns‚

36 iXam\w BWv. ]T\ dnt∏m¿ńse Hcp ][m\ \nco£Ww

59Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


91¬ C¥y kºZv hyhÿ DZmch¬°cn®Xn\v tijamWv Cu

]InbbpsS thKw IqSnbXv F∂mWv. dnt∏m¿´\pkcn®v kzX¥y

Øn\v tijw C¥ybn¬ \n∂p≈ I≈∏Wsamgp°ns‚ 68 iX

am\hpw 1991 \p tijamWvD≠mbXv. ]cnjv°mcßƒ \S∏nem°p

∂Xn\v apºv I≈∏Wsamgp°v 9.1 iXam\w F∂ hm¿jnI

icmicnbn¬ hf¿∂ncp∂Xv ]cnjv°mcßƒ°ptijw 16.4 Bbn

h¿≤n®p F∂pw dnt∏m¿ v Nq≠n°mWn°p∂p.

2002 \pw 2006 \pw CSbn¬ amXw ]Xnh¿jw icmicn 16_ney¨

tUmf¿ (GItZiw 72000 tImSn cq]) hoXw C¥y°v \jvSs∏´p

F∂pw Pn.F^v.sF. dnt∏m¿´v ]dbp∂p. A\p`hßƒ sXfnbn

°p∂Xv DZmch¬°cWw AgnaXn Ipd®n√ F∂p amXa√ AXv

t]m’mln∏n°pIbpw AXns‚ hym]vXnbpw am\hpw Aºc∏n°pw

hn[w h¿≤n∏n°pIbpw sNbvXp F∂mWv. efnXambn ]d™m¬

]cnjv°mcßƒ°v apºp≈ Imebfhn¬ dos´bv¬ AgnaXnbm

bncps∂¶nepw ]cnjv°mcm\¥cw samØamb saKm AgnaXnbmWv

\S°p∂Xv. CXmIs´ cmPysØ \bcq]oIcWØns‚bpw Xocp

am\w FSp°p∂Xns‚bpw G‰hpw D∂Xamb XeßfnemWv

D¬`hn°p∂Xpw.

hgnsX‰p∂ P\m[n]Xyw

hfcp∂ AgnaXn C¥y≥ P\m[n]XyØn\v òjWnbmWv.

P\m[n]XyØns‚ ASnØdbmb sXcs™Sp∏v ]Inb Xs∂

h¿≤n® tXmXn¬ [\i‡nbpsS kzm[o\Øn\pw Zpcp]tbmK

Øn\pw hnt[bambnØocp∂Xv ImWmw. CubnsS A©v kwÿm\

\nbakÌfnte°p≈ Xncs™Sp∏n\nSbn¬ sXcs™Sp∏v

IΩoj≥ ]nSns®SpØ A\[nIrX ]Ww 74tImSn cq]bmWv. CXn

¬ 60 tImSn cq]bpw Xangv\mń¬ \n∂p amXambncp∂p. 2Pn kvs]

IvSw CS]mSneqsS AhnlnXambn kz¥am°nb ]Ww Xangv\mńse

sXcs™Sp∏n¬ hym]Iambn D]tbmKn®p F∂mWv IcpXs∏Sp

∂Xv. CSXp]£ hncp≤ i‡nIfpsS ]NcWØn\mbn [mcmfw

]Wsamgp°nb ]›na _wKmfn¬ \n∂v sXcs™Sp∏v IΩoj≥ 8

tImSn cq] ]nSns®Sp°Ibp≠mbn.

[\i‡nbpsS h≥tXmXnep≈ Cu D]tbmKw sXcs™Sp∏v


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

]Inbsb aen\oIcn°pIbmWv. ]m¿esa‚ns‚bpw kwÿm\

\nbakÌfpsSbpw D≈S°hpw LS\bpw amdns°m≠ncn°pI

bmWv. temIvk`bn¬ 545 AwKßfn¬ 300tesdt∏cpw tImSoizc

∑mtcm iXtImSoizc≥amtcm BWv. Atkmkntbj≥ Hm v sU

tamIm‰nIv dnt^mwkv, \mjW¬ Ce£≥ hm®v F∂o kwL

S\Iƒ \SØnb Hcp ]T\a\pkcn®v 2009 se temIvk`m sXc

s™Sp∏n¬ ho≠pw a’cn® kn‰nßv Fw.]n.amcpsS BkvXnbn¬

A©ph¿jØn\nsS D≠mb h¿≤\hv 289 Bbncp∂p. CubnsS

sXcs™Sp∏v \S∂ _wKmƒ, B mw, Xangv\mSv, tIcfw, ]pXpt»cn

F∂nhnSßfn¬ tImSoizc∑mcmb Fw.F¬.FamcpsS FÆw 2006¬

97 Bbncps∂¶n¬ 2011 ¬ 268 Bbn Db¿∂p. h≥InS _nkn\ pw

cmjvSobhpw XΩnep≈ hf¿∂p hcp∂ Iq´psIńs‚ `mKambn

i‡ns∏Sp∂ cmjvSob i‡nbpw ]Wi‡nbpw XΩnep≈ _‘

Ønte°v shfn®w hoip∂ IW°pIfmWnh.

P\m[n]XyØnse a‰v kp][m\ ÿm]\ßfmb PpUojy

dnbpw am[yaßfpw AgnaXnbn¬ \n∂v ap‡a√. kp]owtImSXn

bnse No v PÃokpamcpƒs∏sSbp≈ ap≥ PUvPnam¿s°Xncmbn

Btcm]Wßƒ D∂bn°s∏SpIbpw At\zjWw \S°pIbpw

sNøp∂p.

]Ww \¬In hm¿Ø (Paid News)]Xn`mkw ]cnanXamb am[ya

kzmX¥yØn\p t\sc Db¿∂ncn°p∂ henb sh√phnfnbmWv.

F√m P\m[n]Xy ÿm]\ßfnepw Bgv∂ndßn°gn™ AgnaXn

h¿Øam\Ime kaqlØnse [m¿ΩnI aqeyØns‚ A]NbØn

s‚ e£Ww IqSnbmWv. GXv hnt[\bpw ]Ww hmcn°q´p∂Xv

BtLmjn°s∏SpIbpw A¥an√mØ B¿Ønbpw, em`mk‡nbpw

`m¥p]nSn® D]t`mK ]cXbpw ta∑Ifmbn KWn°s∏SpIbpw sN

øp∂ ImeamWv \h DZmchmZØnt‚Xv. CXmWv C¥y≥

P\m[n]XysØ hgnsX‰n°p∂Xv

AgnaXn hncp≤ ]ÿm\w

Zie£°W°n\v a\pjy¿ ISpØ ZmcnZyhpw ]ńWnbpw

A\p`hn°pIbpw kmaqlnI˛kmºØnI AhkcßfpsS

\ntj[w t\cnSpIbpw sNøp∂ C¥y t]mep≈ Hcp cmPyØv

61Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


AgnaXnbneqsS s]mXphn`hßƒ sIm≈bSn°p∂Xv KpcpXcamb

Hcp Ip‰IrXyw Xs∂bmWv. kmºØnI ]ptcmKXnsb XS s∏Sp

Øp∂Xn\v ]pdta AgnaXnbneqsSbp≈ A\[nIrX kzØv

kºmZ\w AkaXzßƒ h¿≤n∏n°pIbpw kaqlØns‚

[m¿ΩnImSnØdsb \in∏n°pIbpw sNøpw.

kao]Ime AgnaXnIƒ Xo¿®bmbpw h≥tXmXn¬ _lpP\

tcmjw krjvSn®n´p≠v. CXv cmjvSobamb kaKXbpw ]IzXbp

ap≈ Hcp AgnaXn hncp≤ P\Iob ]ÿm\ambn ]cnh¿Øn∏nt°

≠Xp≠v. Ct∏mƒ ]uckaql kwLS\IfptSbpw kwLSnX

CSXp]£Øns‚bpw t\XrXzØnep≈ c≠v [mcIƒ AgnaXn

hncp≤ P\Iob ]ÿm\Øn\p≠v. ]uckaql kwLS\m t\Xr

XzØnep≈ ]ÿm\Øn\v h≥tXmXn¬ am[ya ]cnKW\ e`n®n´p

s≠¶nepw ]cnanXamb ]cnt]£yw AXns‚ apJy Zu¿∫√yamWv.

C¥ybnse AgnaXnbpsS A`qX]q¿∆amb hf¿®bn¬ \h

DZmchmZ \bßfpsS ]¶v Xncn®dnbp∂Xn¬ Ah¿ ]cmPbs∏Sp∂p.

AgnaXnbpsS t]cn¬ k¿°mcnt\bpw cmjvSob°mscbpw Ah¿

BIan°ptºmƒ C¥ybnse AgnaXnbpsS ]`h tIµamb h≥

InS tIm¿∏td‰pIfpw cmjvSob°mcpw DtZymK ÿta[mhnIfpw

XΩnep≈ Iq´psI´v Ah¿ ImWmsX t]mIp∂p. amXa√ Nne

AgnaXn hncp≤ Ipcnipbp≤°mcpsS ]›mØew Xs∂ Zpcql

amWv. CubnsS \yqU¬lnbn¬ \ncmlmcmkacw \SØnb Hcp

_m_ kvtImé‚n¬ Hcp Zzo]p Xs∂ kz¥ambn´p≈bmfmWv.

CØc°m¿ h¿Kob heXp]£ ]Xntemai‡nIfpambn

Iq´ptN¿∂ncn°pIbpamWv.

AgnaXn hncp≤ \ne]mSns‚ ImcyØn¬ C¥ybnse as‰√m

cmjvSob]m¿ńItf°mƒ G‰hpw anI® sdt°mUp≈Xv CSXp]£

]m¿ńIƒ°mWv. AgnaXnsb sNdp°m\p≈ [m¿ΩnI ]n≥_ehpw

IcpØpw CSXp]£Øn\v \¬Ip∂Xv A\p]aamb Cu khnti

jXbmWv.

Ct∏mƒ ]pdØp h∂n´p≈ 2Pn kvs]IvSw, sI.Pn. AgnaXn

F∂nhsb√mw Xpd∂pImWn°p∂Xn¬ CSXp]£w ][m\ ]¶v

hln®n´p≠v. kzX¥ Itºmf \bßfpw AgnaXnbpw XΩnep≈

_‘hpw h≥InS _nkn\ pw cmjvSobhpw XΩnep≈ _‘hpw


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

NßmØ apXemfnØØns‚ hf¿®bpw cmjvSob ]m¿ńIƒ°pw

P\m[n]Xy ÿm]\ßƒ°pw ta¬ tIm¿∏td‰v \nb¥Ww h¿≤n

∏n°p∂Xpsa√mw \hDZmc\bßƒ \S∏m°n XpSßnb Imew apX¬

CSXp]Ivjw \nc¥cambn Nq≠n°mWn®p sIm≠ncn°pIbmWv.

cmjvSob ]m¿ńIƒ°p≈ tIm¿∏td‰v kw`mh\Isf F°meØpw

FXn¿Øn´p≈ CSXp]£w Hcn°epw tIm¿∏td‰v kw`mh\Iƒ

kzoIcn®n´pan√.

Ct∏mƒ CSXp]£w tZihym]Iambn Hcp AgnaXn hncn≤

]ÿm\Øn\v cq]w sImSpØphcpIbmWv. AXn\v B[mcamb

apJy Bhiyßƒ Xmsg ]dbp∂hbmWv.

1. ê]Zamb Hcp temIv]m¬ \nbaw ]m m°pI.

2. D∂X PqUojydnbnse AgnaXn XSbm≥ Hcp tZiob

PpUojy¬ IΩoj≥ cq]oIcn°pI.

3. h≥InS _nkn\ v˛cmjvSob˛DtZymKÿ Iq´psIńs‚

êamb hym]Iamb AgnaXns°Xnsc I¿i\ \S]SnIƒ kzoI

cn°pI.

4. sXcs™Sp∏pIfnse [\i‡nbpsS kzm[o\w \nb¥n

°m\pw B\p]mXnI ]mXn\n[yw Dƒs∏sSbp≈ sXcs™Sp∏v

]cnjv°mcßƒ \S∏nem°pI.

5. I≈∏Ww Is≠Øm\pw cmPyØn\v ]pdtØ°v ISØn

s°m≠pt]mb I≈∏Ww Xncn®p sIm≠phcm\pw \S]Sn kzoIcn

°pI.

AgnaXns°Xncmbn amXa√ AXn\p ImcWamIp∂ \h DZmc

\bßƒ°pw FXncmb tZihym]I kacßƒ i‡ns∏SpØpIbpw

]ÿm\w sIń∏Sp°pIbpamWv C∂sØ ISa. A‘amb em`

s°mXn, \nb¥Wan√mØ kzImcy aqe[\ kamlcWw, cWIqS

Øn\pw kºZvhyhÿ°pw taep≈ XS an√mØ tIm¿∏td‰v B[n

]Xyw F∂nhsb FXn¿°mØ AgnaXn hncp≤ ]ÿm\w D]cnπh

hpw Znimt_m[an√mØXpw Bbncn°pw. h¿≤n°p∂ ZmcnZyw, s]cp

Ip∂ AkaXzw, kmaqlnI \oXn F∂o ]iv\ßfpw AgnaXn hncp

≤ ]ÿm\w A`nkwt_m[\ sNtø≠Xp≠v. Npcp°Øn¬, Agn

aXns°Xncmb kacw H‰s∏´X√, \h DZmc BtKmfh¬°cWØn

63Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


s\Xncmb hnimeamsbmcp ]kvYm\Øns‚ At`Zyamb mKambn

AXv amdntb Xocq.

alØmb NcnXap≈ Hcp cmjvSw, temIØnse G‰hpw henb

P\m[n]XycmjvSw F∂o \neIfn¬ Xo¿®bmbpw C¥y°v

AgnaXns°Xncmb kacØn¬ hnPbw hcn°m\mhpw F∂v F\n°v

Dd∏p≠v. P\ßfnepw P\m[n]XyØnepw hnizmkap≈Xn\m¬

\ncmis∏Sm≥ bmsXmcp ImcWhpw Rm≥ ImWp∂n√. alm\mb

Cw•ojv Im¬∏\nI Ihn ]n._n. sj√nbpsS hcnIfnse ip` ]Xo

£ ]¶psh®psIm≠v Rm≥ Ahkm\n∏n°s´

ssiXyw h∂psh¶n¬

hk¥w Gsd AIsebmIptam

Cw•≠nse tImsh≥Sn k¿∆IemimebpsS

_nkn\kv kv°qƒ kwLSn∏n®

t\XrXz ]`mjW ]cºcbn¬

(Leadership Lecture Series)Pqembv 2˛\v Ah-X-cn-∏n® ]_‘w.


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

DZm-c-h¬°-c-W -Im-esØ

CS-Xp-]£ _Z-¬

C°tWm-anIv ssSwkv C¥y-bnse ]apJ tIm¿]-td‰v am[y-a-

ß-fn-sem-∂mWv; \h-en-_-d¬ \b--ß-fpsS Xoh-h-‡m-°fpw ]Nm-c-

I-cp-am-Wv. s]mXp _P-‰ns‚ ]nt‰-∂n-d-ßnb (1.3.2008) C°-tWm-anIv

ssSwkns‚ eoUv "cm„o-b-amb icn' F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. F¥m-Wn-Xn-

\¿∞w? P\-]nbw F∂p hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏´ _P-‰n-eqsS tIm¿]-

td‰v temI-Øns‚ Acp-a-bmb NnZw-_cw kzoI-cn® ISw FgpXn

X≈p-∂-X-S-°-ap≈ ]cn-an-X-amb Nne \S-]-Sn-Iƒ cm„ob kml-N-

cy-Øns‚ kΩ¿±-^-e-amWv F∂p-X-s∂. Bk-∂-am-sW∂v Icp-X-

s∏-Sp∂ s]mXp sXc-s™-Sp-∏mWv NnZw-_-c-Øn-\p-ta¬ kΩ¿±-ap-

b¿Øn-bXv F∂v F√m-h¿°p-a-dn-bmw. At∏mƒ s]mXp sXc-s™-

Sp∏p ap∂n¬ I≠p-sIm-≠p≈ Nne hn´p-ho-gvN-Ifpw s]mSn-ss°-I-

fp-amWv NnZw-_cØns‚ _P-‰n\v P\-]n-b-X-bpsS ]pdwtamSn \¬In-

bn-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂¿Yw. s]mSn-ss°-I-fm¬ Aew-Ir-X-amb Cu _P-

‰n-s\-bmWv hnπ-h-I-c-amb Nph-Sp-sh-∏mbn NnXo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v

tIm¨Kkv ]Nm-cWw XpS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. _P-‰n-s\-°p-dn-®p≈

Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ß-fpsS s\√pw ]Xncpw Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ H‰-t\m- -Øn-ep≈

hmb-\-bv°-∏pdw Bg-Øn-ep≈ hni-I-e\w Bh-iy-am-Wv.

Hcp Kh¨sa‚ns‚ _P‰v AXns‚ hchp sNe-hp-I-W°p kw_-

‘n® tcJ amX-a-√, AXns‚ \b-tcJ Xs∂-bm-Wv. _P-‰n-eqsS

k¿°m¿ Fßs\ hcp-am\w Is≠-Øp∂p F∂Xpw AXv Fßs\

65Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


sNe-h-gn-°p∂p F∂Xpw k¿°m-cns‚ cm„ob \ne-]m-Sp-Isf hy‡-

am-°p-∂p. k¿°m¿ BcpsS Xm¬∏-cy-ßƒ°v ap≥K-W\ \¬Ip∂p?

C°m-cy-ßƒs°-√m-ap≈ DØ-c-ß-fmWv _P‰v \n¿t±-i-ßƒ. Cu

ho£-W-Øn¬ tIµ kwÿm\ _P-‰p-Isf hne-bn-cp-Øp-tºmƒ

Hcp Imcyw hy‡-am-Ipw. H‰-s∏- , Nne Bizmk \S-]-Sn-Iƒ°n-S-bn-

epw tIµ-_-P‰v BXy-¥n-I-ambn kwc-£n-°p-∂Xv kº-∂-cpsS

Xm¬∏-cy-ß-fmWv. kwÿm\ _P-‰m-I-s´, C∂sØ kwÿm\

Kh¨sa‚p-I-fpsS ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ°-IØp \n∂p-sIm-≠p≈ CS-Xp-

]£ _Z-ens‚ amXr-I-bm-Wv apt∂m- p-sh-°p-∂-Xv.

cmPyw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ aq∂v apJy-]-iv\-ßsf Fß-s\-bmWv

_P-‰p-Iƒ ssIImcyw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂Xv hne-bn-cp-Ø-ens‚

][m\ am\-Z-fi-am-tI≠-Xp≠v. Im¿jnI ]Xn-k-‘n, hne-°-b-

‰w, sXmgn-en-√mbva F∂n-h-bmWv Cu aq∂v ]iv\-ßƒ. CtXm-sSm-

∏w, BtKm-f-h¬°-cW \b-ßƒ krjvSn® ISpØ Ac-£n-Xm-h-

ÿ-bpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ kmaq-lnI t£a-]-≤-Xn-I-tfm-Sp≈ kao-

]-\w, hn -h-k-am-l-cWw kw_-‘n® \n¿t±-i-ßƒ F∂n-hbpw ][m-

\-am-Wv.

Im¿jnI ]Xn-k‘n

2007-˛2008¬ amXw C-¥y-bn¬ 17000 Irjn-°m¿ Bfl-lXy

sNbvXp F∂ \mj-W¬ ssIw dn°m¿Uvkv _yqtdm-bpsS IW°v

]Xn-k-‘n-bpsS Bgw hy‡-am-°p-∂p. Hmtcm Ac-a-Wn-°q-dnepw

Hcp I¿j-I≥ F∂ \ne-bn¬ Bfl-lXy sNøp∂p F∂mWv IW-

°v. CXn\p ][m-\-Im-cWw IS-s°-Wn-bpam-Wv. Cu ÿnXn hnti-

jsØ t\cn-Sm≥ NnZw-_cw ]Jym-]n-®n- p≈ \S-]Sn Im¿jnI ISw

Fgp-Xn-Ø-≈pI F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. A-dp-]-Xn-\m-bncw tImSn- cq-]-bpsS

ISw Fgp-Xn-Ø≈pw F∂mWv ]Jym-]-\w. H‰-t\m- -Øn¬ Hcp alm-

kw-`hw F∂m¿°pw tXm∂m-hp∂ Cu ]Jym-]-\-Øns‚ hni-Zmw-

i-ßƒ At\z-jn®p t]mIp-tºm-gmWv ]iv\-Øns‚ thcn¬

sXmSmØ D]-cn-π-h-amb Hcp \S-]-Sn-bmsW∂v Xncn®dnbm-\m-hp-I.

H∂m-a-Xm-bn, sIm´n-tLm-jn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ISw Fgp-Xn-Ø-≈-ens‚

KpWw _lp- q-cn-]£w Irjn-°m¿°pw e`n-°m≥ t]mIp-∂n-√. F¥p-

sIm≠v? kzImcy ]W-anS]mSp-Im-cn¬ \n∂v hmßnb hmbv]-Iƒ°v


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Cu B\p-Iqeyw A\p-h-Zn-®n- n-√. kzIm-cy-]-W-an-S-]m-Sp-Im-cn¬ \ns∂-

SpØ hmbv] 48000 tImSn cq]-bm-Wv. Ct∏mƒ Fgp-Xn-Ø-≈p-∂n-S-

tØmfw ISw GXm≠v _m°n \n¬°p∂p F∂¿∞w.

cmPyØv IS-sa-SpØ Irjn-°mcn¬ 42.3% kzImcy ]W-an-S-]m-Sp-

Im-cn¬ \n∂mWv ISw hmßn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂v \mj-W¬ kmºnƒ

k¿-sh-bpsS Aº-sØm-ºXmw du≠v IW-°p-Iƒ sXfn-bn-°p-∂p.

Ch-c-Xbpw Fgp-Xn-Ø-≈-ens‚ ]tbm-P\w e`n-°m-Ø-h-cm-Wv.

as‰m∂v c≠v slIvS-dn¬ Xmsg `qan-bp-≈-h-cpsS ISw amX-amWv

Fgp-Xn-Ø-≈pI. hen-sbmcp mKw sNdp-In-S-˛-CS-Øcw Irjn-°m¿

Aß-s\bpw Cu B\p-Iq-ey-Øns‚ ]cn-[n°v ]pdØm-Ipw. hnZ¿`

t]mep≈ taJ-e-I-fn¬ Bdpw Ggpw G°¿ `qan kz¥-am-bp-≈-

h¿t]mepw Bfl-lXy sNøp-∂psh-t∂m¿°-Ww. amX-a-√, 60,000

tImSn-bpsS ISw Fgp-Xn-Ø-≈¬ \S-]-Snsb ImWp-∂n√ F∂m-Wn-

Xn-\¿∞w. IS-s°-Wn-bpsS cq£-X a\- n-em°n ka-K-amb ISm-

izmk \S-]-Sn-Ifpw tIcf amXr-I-bn-ep≈ IΩo-j-\p-am-bn-cp∂p

tIµw \S-∏m-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. CS-Xp-]£w _P-‰n\v apºv tIµ-

Øn\v \¬Inb Ipdn-∏n¬ CXv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

F∂m¬ B ka-K-X-bn¬ ]iv\w kao-]n-°m≥ NnZw-_cw Xøm-dm-

bn-√. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ ]tbm-P\w CXp-sIm≠v

D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.

c≠m-a-Xmbn I¿j-I¿°v 4% ]en-i°v ÿm]\ hmbv] e`y-am-

°Ww F∂ Bhiyw [\-a¥n ]cn-K-Wn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-√. kzImcy

]W-an-S-]m-Sp-Im-cn¬ \n∂pw IS-s°-Wn-bn¬ \n∂pw Irjn-°msc c£n-

°m≥ CXm-h-iy-am-sW∂v tZiob I¿jI IΩo-j\pw CS-Xp-]-£hpw

Nq≠n-°m- n-bn-cp-∂p. [\-a¥n ]d-bp-∂Xv Ggv iX-am\w ]en-ibv°v

280,000 tImSn cq]-bpsS hmbv] [\-Im-cy-ÿm-]-\-ßƒ aptJ\ Irjn-

°m¿°v e`n-°p-sa-∂m-Wv. \ne-hn-ep-≈-Xn-t\-°mƒ Ipd™ Ggv iX-

am\w \nc-°n¬ hmbv] e`y-am-°m-\m-h-iy-amb klmbw _m¶p-Iƒ°v

tIµ-k¿°m¿ \¬In-bn- n-√. CXns‚ e-ambn _P-‰n¬ hmKvZm\w

sNøp∂ 280,000tImSn cq]-bpsS hfsc sNdn-sbmcp mKw hmbv]

amXta e`y-am-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp≈q. tIm¿]-td‰v Irjnbpw a‰pw t]m’m-

ln-∏n-°-s∏Sp∂ ]›m-Ø-e-ß-fn¬ CXns‚ Xs∂ knwl-`m-Khpw

h≥In-S-°m¿°v t]mIm-\m-Wn-S.

67Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


aq∂m-a-Xm-bn, Im¿jnI ]Xn-k-‘n-bpsS ][m\ Imc-W-ß-fn-

sem-∂mb hne-I-fpsS Nm©m´w t\cn-Sp-∂-Xn\v tIµ _P‰v Xøm-dm-

bn- n-√. hne-ÿn-cXm ≠v F∂ CS-Xp-]£ \n¿t±-i-sØ-°p-dn®v

_P‰v au\w ]men-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. kw -cWw kw_-‘n®pw hy‡-

amb \n¿t±-i-ß-sfm∂pw _P-‰n¬ ImWm-\n-√. Im¿jnI cwKsØ

s]mXp-\n-t£]w h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂-Xnepw Ip‰-I-c-amb A\m-ÿ-bm-Wp-

≈-Xv. Npcp-°-Øn¬∏-d-™m¬ Im¿jnI ]Xn-k-‘n-bpsS ASn-

ÿm\ ]iv\-ß-fn-sem∂pw kv]¿in-°msX ]N-c-W-]-c-amb Nne

]Jym-]-\-ß-fn¬ HXp-ßp-I-bmWv tIµ-_-P-‰v. AXn-\-∏pdw Irjn-

°m¿°v ISmizmkw \¬Im-s\-∂-t]-cn¬ s]mXp-ta-Jem ÿm]-\-

ß-fpsS Hmlcn hn‰-gn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv Ct∏mƒ NnZw-_cw ]d-

™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \h-en-_-d¬ \b-ßƒ krjvSn® Hcp sISp-

Xnsb AtX \b-ßƒ Xoh-ambn \S-∏m-°m-\p≈ ad-bm°n D]-tbm-

Kn-°p-I-bmWv At±-lw. Fß-s\-bp≠v NnZw-_c-Øns‚ Iuiew?

hne-°-b‰w

cmPysØ ]mh-s∏- -hs\ th -bm-Sp∂ ]iv\-am-Wn∂v hne-°-b-

‰w. hne-°-b‰w ]mh-s∏- -hcpw \n›n-X-h-cp-am-\-°m-cp-am-b-h-cn¬\n∂v

kº-∂-cn-te-°p≈ hcp-am\ ]p\¿hn-X-c-W-Øn-\n-S-bm-°p∂ ]In-

b-bm-Wv. C¥y-bnse C∂sØ hne-°-b‰w ][m-\-ambpw ]I-S-am-

Ip-∂Xv £y-hkvXp-°-fpsS Imcy-Øn-em-Wv. hne-°-b-‰-Øn\p Imc-

W-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Is´ Dul-°-®-hSw t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p∂ Ah-[n-hym-

]m-cw, Nn√d hn¬]\ taJ-e-bnse IpØ-I-I-fpsS ]th-i-\w, s]mXp-

hn-X-cW irwJ-esb Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ XpS-ßnb tIµ-\-b-ß-fm-

Wv. Cu \-b-ß-fn-sem∂pw am‰w hcp-Øp∂Xns‚ kqN-\-Iƒ _P-

‰n-en-√. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ hne-°-b‰w t\-cn-Sm≥ tI-µ-k¿°m¿ kzoI-

cn-t°≠ ASn-b-¥c \S-]Sn s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-[m-\sØ km¿h-

Xn-I-am-°pI F∂Xpw AXn-eqsS Ipd™ hne°v £y-[m-\y-ßƒ

e`y-am-°pI F∂-Xp-am-Wv. AXn\v `£y-k-_vknUn KWy-ambn

h¿≤n-∏n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. F∂m¬ AXp-≠m-bn-√. 2007- 08- ¬ 31546 tImSn-

cq-]-bmWv k_vkn-Un°v \o°n-sh-®-sX-¶n¬ ]pXnb _P-‰n¬ AXv

shdpw 32667 tImSn cq] amX-am-Wv. Npcp-ßn-bXv 10,000 tImSn-sb-

¶nepw h¿≤\ Bh-iy-am-bn-SØv 1000 tImSn cq]-bpsS h¿≤-\,

ap≥h¿j-tØ-°mƒ 3.5% amXw.


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

]W-s∏-cp∏ \nc°v 6.4 iX-am-\-am-sW-∂n-cnt° `£y-k-_vkn-

Un-bn¬ bYm¿∞ h¿≤\ C√ F∂m-W¿∞w. hne-°-b‰w cq£-

am-°m-\n-S-bm-°nb as‰mcp \S-]Sn s]tSm-fnbw D¬∏-∂-ß-fpsS hne-

h¿≤-\-bm-Wv. s]tSm-fnbw D¬∏-∂-ßƒ°vta¬ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p≈

tIµ \nIp-Xn-I-fpsS LS\ ]q¿Æ-ambpw s]mfn-s®-gp-X-W-sa∂pw

AXp-hgn hne Ipd-bv°-W-sa∂pw CS-Xp-]£w Bh-iy-s∏- n-cp-∂p.

F∂m¬ C‘-\ -hn-e-bn¬ Fs¥-¶nepw Ipdhp hcp-Øm≥ klm-bn-

°mØ Nne am‰-ß-fmWv hcp-Øn-b-Xv. ka-K-amb \nIpXn LS\m

]p\x-kw-L-S\ D≠m-bn-√.

-sXmgn-en-√mbva

BtKm-f-h¬°-cW \b-ß-fpsS ]Xym-LmXw sXmgn¬ clnX

hf¿®-bn¬\n∂v sXmgn¬ \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ hf¿®-bn-te°v FØn

\n¬°p-I-bm-Wv. kzIm-cy, s]mXp-ta-J-e-I-fnepw k¿°m¿ k¿ho-

knepw sXmgn¬ CSn-™psh∂mWv IW-°p-Iƒ. Im¿jnI ]Xn-

k‘n KmaoW sXmgn-e-h-k-c-ß-fpsS e`yX KWy-ambn Ipd-®n-cn-

°p-∂p. CtXm-sSm∏w Im¿jn-tI-Xc sXmgn-e-h-k-c-ßƒIqSn Ipd-

bp-tºmƒ kw -hn-°p-∂Xv h≥X-I¿®-bm-Wv. CXns‚ e-ambn _lp-

`q-cn-]£w P\--ß-fpsS hcp-am-\hpw IpØs\ Xmgv∂n-cn-°p-∂p. C-

¥y-bnse 80 tImSn a-\p-jy¿ Pohn-°p-∂Xv ]Xn-Zn\w 20 cq]-bn¬

Ipd™ hcp-am\w sIm≠m-sW∂v A¿Pp≥sk≥ Kp]vX IΩn‰n

Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p. Cu PohnX XI¿®bv°v Bizm-k-ta-Im≥ IqSp-

X¬ sXmgn¬ Ah-k-c-ßƒ krjvSn-°pI F-∂-XmWv Hcp t]mwh-

gn. ]t£ B hgn tXSp∂ Hcp \S-]-Snbpw _P-‰n¬ C√. kmº-

ØnI hf¿®-sb-°p-dn®v s]cp-º-d-b-Sn-°p-tºmgpw \nb-a-\-\n-tcm-[\w

]n≥h-en-°p-∂-Xns‚ bmsXmcp kqN-\bpw _P‰v \¬Ip-∂n-√.

tZiob s]mXp-an-\naw ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ CS-Xp-]-£-Øns‚ \n¿_-

‘-_p-≤n-sb-Øp-S¿∂v Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-b-XmWv tZiob sXmgn-ep-d∏v ]≤-

Xn. BZy-L-´-Øn¬ tIm¿]-td‰v am[y-a-ßfpw tIm¨Kkpw ]≤-

Xnsb ]mgv®-ehv F∂mWv Bt£-]n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ ]≤Xn

KmaoW C¥y-bn¬ krjvSn® ]Xn-I-cWw tIm¨K-kn\v AXns‚

h‡m-°-fmbn Na-bm≥ t]cW \¬In. sXc-s™-Sp-∏ns‚ ]›m-

Ø-e-Øn¬ F√m KmaoW Pn√-I-fn-te°pw ]≤Xn hym]n-∏n-°psa∂v

69Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


NnZw-_cw _P-‰n¬ ]Jym-]n-®p. ]≤Xn hym]n-∏n®p F∂p hcp-Øn-

Øo¿°p∂-Xn-eqsS thm v amX-amWv e£yw. sXmgn-e-h-k-c-ßƒ IqSp-

X¬ krjvSn-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ Hcp taJe; sNdp-InS hyh-km-b-ß-fm-

Wv. kmº-ØnI \b-ß-fpsS e-ambn XI¿® t\cn-Sp∂ sNdp-InS

hyh-kmb taJ-esb ]p\-cp-≤-cn-°m-\p≈ e-]-Z-amb \S-]-Sn-Iƒ

kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°pI hgn Ipd-s®-¶nepw sXmgn¬ krjvSn-°m-\p≈

km[yX \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bmWv NnZw-_cw sNbvX-Xv.

kmaq-ly--ta-J-e-Iƒ

hnZym- ymkw, BtcmKyw XpS-ßnb kmaq-ly-ta-J-e-I-fnepw s]mXp-

an-\naw ]cn-]m-Sn-bnse hmKvZm-\-ß-tfmSv \oXn-]p-e¿Øp∂ kao-]\w

tIµ [\-a-¥n-bn¬ \n∂p-≠m-bn-√. ]mY-anI hnZym- ym-k-Øn-\p≈

hnln-X-Øns‚ h¿≤\ 7.3% amWv. ]W-s∏-cp∏ \nc°v 6.4% BsW∂

Xv IW-°n-se-Sp-Øm¬ h¿-≤\ ^e-Øn¬ Gsd-°psd iq\y-am-Wv.

s]mXp-an-\naw ]cn-]m-Sn-bnse hmKvZm\w tZiob hcp-am-\-Øns‚ 6%

hnZym- ym-k-Øn\v \¬Ipw F∂-Xm-Wv. bp.]n.F Kh¨sa‚ v \mevh¿

jw ]q¿Øn-bm°m-\n-cnt° Cu kp]-[m\ hmKvZm-\-Øns‚ ]mXn-

hgn-t]mepw ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-bn- n-√. kmº-ØnI k¿t∆-b-\p-k-cn®v 2006˛

07 ¬ hnZym- ym-k-Øn-\p≈ hnlnXw tZiob hcp-am-\-Øns‚ 2.88 iXam-

\-am-bn-cp-∂Xv 2007- 08¬ 2.84 iX-am-\-ambn Ipd-bp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv!

Btcm-Ky--cw-KsØ ][m-\-]-≤Xnbmb tZiob KmaoW Btcm-

Ky-an-j-\p≈ hnln-X-Øn¬ hcp-Ønb h¿≤\ 12% amXw. cmPy-Øns‚

hºn® Bh-iy-ß-fp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏--Sp-Øn-bm¬ FXtbm Xp—w.

sF.-kn.-Un.-F-kv. km¿h-Xn-I-am-°pI F∂Xv CS-Xp-]£w D∂-bn®

Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂p. CXn\pw Bh-iy-amb hnlnXw _P-‰n¬ \o°n-

sh-®n-´n-√. a‰p t£a-]-≤-Xn-I-fpsS Imcy-Ønepw tIµ-_-P‰v

s]mXpth Zcn-Z-am-Wv. Akw-L-SnX taJ-e-bnse sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ°v

BtcmKy C≥jp-d≥kv ]≤-Xn-°p≈ \ma-am-X-amb Hcp hnlnXw

amX-amWv FSpØp ]d-bm-\p-≈-Xv. 35 tImSn hcp∂ Akw-L-Sn-X-ta-

Jem sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS t£a-Øn-\mbn ka-K-amb kmaq-ly-kp-c-

£m-]-≤Xn thW-sa∂ Bhiyw \nd-th-‰p-∂-Xn\v CXv Xo¿Øpw

A]-cym-]vX-am-Wv.


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

kwÿm\ _P-‰nse _Z¬ \bw

CS-Xp-]£w Gsd-°m-e-ambn ]N-cn-∏n-°p∂ _Z¬ \b-ßfpw

Cu h¿jsØ tIµ-_-P-‰n-\p-ap-ºmbn \¬Inb Ipdn-∏nse \n¿t±-

i-ßfpw tXmakv sFk-°ns‚ kwÿm\ _P-‰n¬ CSw t\-Sn-bn-cn-

°p∂p F∂v ImWm-\m-hpw. ISm-izmk \nb-ahpw IΩo-j\pw cq]o-

I-cn-®v, C¥y-°msI amXr-I-bmb CS-Xp-]-£-P-\m-[n-]Xy ap∂Wn

k¿°m¿ Cu h¿jhpw ISm-izm-k-Øn-\mbn 50 tImSn cq] \o°n-

sh-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ]in-e-bn-f-hn-\mbn 180 tImSn cq] k¿°m¿ sNe-h-

gn®p F∂pw _P‰v hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

Irjn°pw A\p-_-‘-ta-J-e-Iƒ°p-ambn 365 tImSn cq] ]≤Xn

hnln-X-ambn \o°n-sh-®-Xn-eqsS Im¿jnI-cw-KsØ s]mXp-ap-X¬ap-

S-°n-\mWv [\-a¥n Du∂¬ \¬Ip-∂-Xv. CXn-\p-]p-dsa sXmgn-ep-

d∏p ]≤-Xn-bpsS `mK-ambn 200 tImSn cq] Im¿jnI taJe-bn¬

sNe-h-gn-°p-sa∂pw _P-‰n¬ ]d-bp-∂p. tIµ _-P-‰n¬ ImWm-ØXpw

kwÿm\ _P-‰n¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xp-amb kp]-[m-\-amb \n¿t±iw

hne-ÿn-cXm ≠v cq]o-I-cn-°p-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. ISw Fgp-Xn-Ø-≈p-

-∂-Xn-\-∏pdw Im¿jnI ]Xn-k-‘n-bpsS ASn-ÿm\ ]iv\-ßsf A`n-

kw-t_m-[\ sNøp∂ CS-Xp-]£ _Z¬ \ne-]m-SmWv CXn¬ ]Xn-

-en-°p-∂-Xv. s\√v kw -cWw i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-sa∂ ]Jym-]-\hpw

it≤-b-am-Wv.

hne-°-b‰w t\cn-Sp-∂-Xn¬ hn]-Wn-bn¬ CS-s]-Sm≥ I¨kyq-a¿

s^Un\pw kssπ-tImbv°pw ]cn-[n-bn-√mØ klmbw ]Jym-]n-®-

Xn-eqsS tIµ-\-b-Øn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-amb \ne-]m-SmWv hy‡-

am-hp-∂-Xv. tIµw e-]-Z-ambn ssIImcyw sNøm-Xn-cp∂ Kuc-h-ta-

dnb Cu ]iv\w kwÿm\ _P‰v [oc-ambn t\cn-Sp-I-bm-Wv. tImtfPv

A[ym-]-I-cpsS 642 Dw hn F®v Fkv kn A[ym-]-I-cpsS 400 Dw

]pXnb XkvXn-I-Iƒ krjvSn-®-Xn-eqsS \nb-a\ \ntcm-[\w XpS-cp∂

tIµ-\-b-hp-ambn kwÿm\ _P‰v hgn-]n-cn-bp-I-bm-Wv. sXmgn-ep-d-

∏p-]-≤-Xn°v kwÿm\ hnln-X-ambn 50 tImSn cq] \o°n-sh--®Xpw

it≤-b-am-bn. s]mXp-ta-Jem \ho-I-c-Ww, ]c-º-cm-K-X-ta-J-e-°p≈

Du∂¬, Sqdn-kw, sF.-Sn. F∂n-h°p \¬Inb h¿≤n® klmbw

F∂n-h-sb√mw sXmgn-e-h-k-c-ßƒ krjvSn-°m≥ klm-b-I-am-hpw.

71Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


tIµ-_-P-‰n¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-am-bn, kw-ÿm\ _P-‰ns‚ apJy-

k-hn-ti-jX t£a-]-≤-Xn-Iƒ-°p≈ ]m[m-\y-am-Wv. F√m t£a

s]≥j-\p-I-fn-ep-ap≈ h¿≤-\, ]hm-kn-Iƒ, aZkm A[ym-]-I¿

F∂n-h-cpƒs∏sS ]pXnb hn`m-K-ßƒ°p≈ s]≥j≥ ]≤-Xn-Ifpw

t£a-\n-[n-I-fpw, tIcf kaK BtcmKy C≥jp-d≥kv ]≤-Xn,

kmaqly kpc£m anj≥, Ipń-Iƒ°p≈ Im≥k¿ kpc-£m-kvIow

F∂n-ßs\ \nc-h[n kmaq-ly-kp-c£m ]≤-Xn-I-fmWv tIcf _P-

‰n¬ D≈-Xv. k®m¿ IΩn‰n ip]m¿i \S-∏m-°m-\p≈ ≠v, ]mh-

s∏´ ap…nw s]Ïp-ń-Iƒ°p≈ ]tXyI kvtImf¿jn-∏v, e£w

hoSv ]p\-cp-≤m-cWw F∂n-hbpw FSpØp ]d-tb-≠-h-bm-Wv. hnZym-

`ym-kw, Ie, kwkvImcw, kvt]m¿Svkv F∂n-h-s°-√m-ap≈ hI-bn-cp-

Ø-ep-I-fnepw KWy-amb h¿≤-\-hp-≠m-bn- p-≠v.

Irjn, s]mXp--ta-Jem hyh-km-b-ßƒ, ]cºcm-KX hyh-km-bw,

kmaq-ly-kp-c-£m-]-≤-Xn-Iƒ F∂n-h-°p≈ ]m[m\yw kwÿm\

_P-‰ns\ CS-Xp-]-£ _Z¬ \ne-]m-Sp-I-fpsS ]tbmK ]≤-Xn-bm°n

am‰p-∂p. CXv km[y-am-°n-b-Xm-Is´ kwÿm\ k¿°m-cns‚ Npcp--

ßnb A[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n-°-IØp \n∂p-sIm≠p hcp-am\w h¿≤n-∏n-®p-

-sIm-≠p-am-Wv.

A[n-Im-c-ta-‰-bp-S≥ kwÿm-\-Øns‚ kmº-ØnI ]Xn-k‘n

hnh-cn-®p-sIm≠v sFkIv \S-Ønb ]Jym-]\w CØ-cp-W-Øn¬

it≤-b-am-Wv F∂v A∂v sFkIv ]Jym-]n-®p. kmº-ØnI ]Xn-

k-‘n-bpsS t]cn¬ sNehp Npcp-°p-I-bn√; hcp-am\w Iqń sNehpw

Iq-´pw. ap≠p apdp-°n--bp-Sp-°m≥ Blzm\w sNbvX B‚-Wn-bn¬

\n∂v hyXy-kvX-amb B \ne-]m-Sns‚ ]tbm-K-h¬°-c-W-amWv CØ-

hW _P-‰pw. NnZw-_-c-am-Is´ \nIpXn hcp-am-\-Øn¬ 17.5% iX-

am\w h¿≤\hv ]Xo-£n-°p-tºmƒ dh\yq sNe-hn¬ 12.2% hpw aqe-

[-\-sN-e-hn¬ 8.8% hpw amXw h¿≤-\hv hn`m-h\w sNøp-∂p. ]Ww

sNe-h-gn-°msX ]nip°p ImWn-°p-∂-Xns‚ cm„obw \h-en-_-d¬

\b-ß-fp-tS-Xm-Wv.

NnZw-_-c-Øn-s‚bpw sFk-°n-s‚bpw hcp-am\ tkmX- p-I-fnepw

hyXymkw ImWmw. [\n-I¿ \¬-tI≠ ]Xy-£-\n-Ip-Xn-I-sfm∂pw

Iq´m-sXbpw Hml-cn-°-tºm-f-Ønse Zo¿L-Im-e-aq-e-[\ em -Øn\p


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

\nIpXn G¿s∏-Sp-Øm-sXbpw ]pXp-Xmbn XpS-ßp∂ Ãm¿ tlm -ep-

Iƒ°v \nIp-Xn-bn-f-hp-Iƒ ]-Jym-]n®pw hcp-am\w h¿≤n--∏n®v IqSp-

X¬ sNe-h-gn-°m-\p≈ Ah-kcw NnZw-_cw ]mgm-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

kwÿm\ _P-‰n¬ G¿s∏-Sp-Ønb \nIpXnIfm-hs´ kº-∂sc

amXw _m[n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Nn√d hn¬]\ taJ-e-bnse IpØ-I-

Iƒ°p≈ \nIp-Xn°v k¿Nm¿Pv, 1000 cq]-bn¬ Iq-Sp-X¬ hmS-I-bp≈

Bip-]Xn apdn°v BUw-_c \nIp-Xn, t]∏¿ tem´dn-°p≈ Iq-Snb

\nIpXn F∂n-h-sbm∂pw km[m-c-W-°msc _m[n-°p-∂-X-√. Npcp-

°n-∏-d-™m¬ hn -h-k-am-l-c-WØns‚bpw sN-e-h-gn-°p-∂-Xn-s‚bpw

Imcy-Øn¬ c≠p _--P-‰p-Ifpw ]pe¿Øp∂Xv hncp≤ kao-]-\-ß-fm-

Wv. tIµ _P‰v P\-]n-b-X-bpsS ad-hn¬ \h-en-_-d¬ \b-ßƒ

Hfn-®p-I-S-Øp-tºmƒ kwÿm\ _P‰v B \b-ßƒ°p≈ CS-Xp-

]£ _Z¬ [oc-ambn apt∂m´p sh°p-I-bm-Wv.

bph-[mc, 2008 am¿®v

73Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


_P‰v: hn]-Wn-bpsS

BtLm-j-am-Ip-tºmƒ

""[[a¥n tIm¿]-td‰v C¥y-bpsS (India Inc.) kn -C- H Bbn-

´mtWm AtXm shdpw cm„o-b-°m-c-\m-bn- mtWm ]h¿Øn-°pI?''

_-P-‰n\p apºp≈ N¿®-Iƒ°v kn F≥ _n kn Nm\¬ \¬Inb

]cky hmN-I-am-Wn-Xv. B tNmZy-Øn\v A¬∏w-t]mepw kwibw

Ah-ti-jn-∏n-°msX _P-‰n-eqsS ]W_v apJ¿Pn adp-]Sn \¬In-

bn-cn-°p-∂p. XnI™ cm„o-b-°m-c-\mb ]W_v _P-‰n-eqsS sXfn-

bn-®-Xv, Xm≥ tIm¿]-td‰v C¥y-bpsS kn C H Bbn ]cn-W-an-®n-cp-

°p∂p F∂-Xm-Wv.

hgn-sbm-cp°p-∂-Xm¿°v

]W_v apJ¿Pn-bpsS _P-‰ns‚ Znibpw e£yhpw F¥m-sW∂v

At±-l-Øns‚ _P‰v ]kw-K-Øns‚ JfinI 11,12 F∂nh Ak-

∂n-Kv[ambn hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v. At±lw ]d-bp-∂p, "kmº-ØnI

]cn-jvIm-c-ß-fp-sSbpw hnI-k-\-Øn-s‚bpw e-ambn kmº-ØnI

]h¿-Ø-\-Øns‚ Du∂¬ Kh¨sa‚n-Xc LS-I-ß-fn-te°v (nongovernmental actors) amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. k¿°m-cns‚ tdmƒ CXn\v

hgn-sbm-cp-°p∂ H∂mbn IqSpX¬ amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. hgn-sbm-cp-°p∂

Kh -sa‚ v P\-ßƒ°v Bh-iy-ap-≈-sX√mw t\cn v e`y--am-°m≥ ian-

°p-I-bn√' F∂p IqSn ]d-bp-tºmƒ Xs‚ _P-‰ns‚ XXz-im-kvX-

sas¥∂v hy‡-am-°p-I-bmWv At±-lw. B XXz-imkvXw \h

en_-d-en-k-Øn-t‚-X-√msX as‰m-∂p-a-√.


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

apJ¿Pn ]d-bp∂ Cu Kh¨sa‚nXc LS-I-ßƒ Bsc-√m-amWv?

tIm¿]-td‰v i‡n-Ifpw hntZ-i-aq--e-[-\hpw Xs∂. \nIp-Xn-bn-f-hp-I-

-fn-eq-sSbpw s]mXp-ta-Jem Hml-cn-hn¬∏-\-bn-eq-sSbpw k_vkn-Un-

Iƒ sh´n-®p-cp-°n-b-Xn-eq-sSbpw kztZ-in˛ hntZin aqe-[-\-Øns‚ Bh-

iy-ßƒ A-t±lw \nd-th-‰n-bn- p-≠v. Xs‚ ]kw-K-Øns‚ JfinI

36¬ hntZ-i-aq-e-[-\-tØm-Sp≈ ]oW-\-\bw ad-bn-√m-sX-Xs∂

At±lw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂p. ]Xy-£ hntZ-i-\n-t£]\bw IqSp-X¬

User friendly B°m≥ k¿°m¿ Dt±-in-°p-∂p-sh∂pw CXv hntZ-i-\n-

t£-]-I¿°v \ΩpsS \b-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ hy‡-Xbpw ]h-N-\m-fl-

I-Xbpw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-sa∂pw apJ¿Pn hmKvZm\w \¬-Ip-∂p.

tIm¿]-td‰v C¥y°pw hntZi aqe-[-\-Øn\pw kpK-a-amb hgn-

sbm-cp-°n-s°m-Sp-°m-\p≈ D]-I-c-W-ambn _P-‰ns\ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-

I-bmWv [\-a¥n sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv. F√m apJy-[mcm am[y-a--ßfpw

Ah-bn¬ hnZ-Kv≤m-`n-]m-b-ß-fp-ambn BSn-Øn-an¿Ø tIm¿]-td‰v

knCH amcpw [\-Imcy hnZ-Kv≤cpw [\-a-¥n-°p-ta¬ ]iwk sNmcn-

™-Xns‚ ImcWw thsdm-∂p-a-√.

Fcn-Xo-bn¬ FÆ-sbm-gn®v

Cu _P‰v Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv cmPyw AXn-cq-£-amb hne-

°-b-‰-Øn-s‚bpw Im¿jn-I-Ø-I¿®-bp-sSbpw hnh-c-Wm-Xo-X-amb

sISp-Xn-Iƒ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn® k-µ¿ -Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. hne-°-b-‰-Øns‚,

]tXy-In®v £y-hn-e-°-b-‰-Øns‚ tXmXv am‰-an-√msX amk-ß-tfm-

f-ambn XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv. £y hne-°-b-‰-Øns‚ tXmXv 20 iX-am-\-

Øn-\-Sp-Øm-Wv. Im¿jnI hf¿-®m-\n-c°m-hs´ ˛0.2 iX-am-\-ambn

CSn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. tZiob hcp-am-\-Øn¬ (Pn-Un-]n) Im¿jn-I-ta-J-

e-bpsS ]¶pw KWy-ambn CSn-™n-´p-≠v. 2007-˛08¬ tZiob hcp-am-

\Øns‚ 16.4 iX-am\w Irjn-bn¬ \n∂m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ 2008-˛09¬

AXv 15.4 iX-am-\-ambn Ipd-™p. P\-ß-fn¬ 70 iX-am\w Irjnsb

Bi-bn®v Ign-bp∂ C¥y-bn¬ Ah¿°v samØ-h-cp-am-\-Øns‚ 15

iX-am\w sIm≠v Xr]vXn-b-S-tb-≠n-h-cp-∂p. Cu bmYm¿∞yw IW-

°n-seSp-°p-tºm-gmWv ]W_v apJ¿Pn Du‰w-sIm-≈p∂ kmº-ØnI

hf¿®-bpsS h¿§ ]£-]m-XnXzw hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xv. kmº-ØnI amµy-

Øn¬\n∂v AXn-thKw hos≠-Sp∏v \S-Øn-sb∂pw hf¿®m-\n-c°v 7.2

75Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


iX-am-\-ambn F∂pw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ P\-kw-Jy-bnse _lp-

`q-cn-]-£hpw CXn\v ]pd-Øm-sW∂pw "Dƒs°m-≈p∂ hf¿®'

(Inclusive Growth) F∂ bp ]n FbpsS ]Xnhp ]√hn bmYm¿∞y-

Øn¬ \n∂v FX hnZq-c-Øm-sW∂pw sXfn-bp-∂p.

Im¿jn-I-Ø-I¿-®bpw hne-°-b-‰hpw P\-ßsf IqSp-X¬ Zmcn-Zy-

Øn-te°v X-≈n-hn-Sp-I-bm-Wv. ]Xn-io¿j hm¿jnI `£y-[m\y

e`yX kzmX¥y ]q¿h-Im-esØ \ne-bn-te°v ]Xn-®n-cn-°p-∂p F∂v

]T-\-ßfpw IW-°p-Ifpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. cmPysØ Irjn-°m-

cn¬ 70 iX-am-\hpw £y-[m-\y-ßƒ hne-sIm-SpØv hmßp-∂-h-cm-

Wv. I¿jI IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS ]Xn-io¿j amk-h-cp-am-\-Øns‚ 60

iX-am\whsc £-W-Øn\p amX-ambn sNe-h-gn-t°-≠n-h-cn-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. hne-°-b-‰hpw Im¿jn-I-Ø-I¿®bpw kmam\y P\Pohn-

XsØ FX AKm-[-ambn _m[n°p-sa∂v Cu hkvXp-X-Iƒ \ap°v

ap∂-dn-bn∏v Xcp-∂p.

Cu ]®-bmb bmYm¿∞y-ßƒ IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v hne-°-

b-‰hpw Im¿jn-I-Ø-I¿®bpw t\cn-Sm≥ kaq¿Ø-amb Nne \S-]-Sn-

Iƒ _P‰v ]Jym-]n-°p-sa∂v ]Xo-£n-®-hsc sR´n-®p-sIm≠v t\¿hn-

]-co-X-amb \S-]-Sn-I-fmWv [\-a¥n kzo-I-cn-®-Xv. Akw-kvIrX

s]tSm-fn\v A©v iX-am-\hpw IÃwkv Xocp-hbpw AXn-\p-]p-dsa

s]tSm-fn\pw Uok-en-\pw en‰-dn\v Hmtcm cq] hoXw FIvsskkv

Xocp-hbpw Npa-Ønb \S-]Sn A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ P\-ß-tfm-Sp≈

bp≤-]-Jym-]\w Xs∂-bm-bn. Ct∏m-gsØ hne-°-b-‰-Øns‚ tXmXv

h¿≤n-∏n-°m\pw P\-Po-hnXw IqSp-X¬ Zpcn-X-]q¿Æ-am-°m\pw amXta

CXn-S-bm°q F∂-dn-bm≥ [\-imkvX ]m-finXyw H´pta Bh-iy-an-

√. A-\p-`-h-ßƒ Cu ]mTw ]e-t∏mgpw ]Tn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. Ah-iy-h-

kvXp-°ƒ Gsdbpw A\y-kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v htc≠ tIcfsØ

FÆ-hn-e-h¿≤\ Ipd-s®m-∂p-a√ Zpcn-X-Øn-em-gvØp-I.

hne-°-b-‰sØ t\cn-Sm≥ ]mY-an-I-ambn kzoI-cn-t°-≠n-bn-cp∂

\S-]Sn £y-k-_vknUn h¿≤n-∏n-°p-Ibpw s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-

[m\w i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp--I-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ hnNn-X-sa∂p ]d-b-

s´, `£y k_vknUn ap≥ h¿jsØ 56002 tImSn cq]-bn¬ \n∂v

55578 tImSn cq]-bmbn sh´n-°p-d-bv°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. 424 tImSn

cq]-bpsS Cu Ipdhv \mW-b-s∏-cp-∏-\n-c-°nse h¿≤\ IqSn IW°n-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

se-Sp-°p-tºmƒ IqSp-X¬ hym]vXn-bp-≈-Xm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. s]mXp-hn-

X-cW kwhn-[m\w s]mfn-®-Sp-°m-\p≈ KqVm-tem-N\ Cu _P‰v

\n¿t±-i-ß-fn¬ \ng-en-°p-∂p-≠v. tIµ k¿°m-cns‚ sh≈w tN¿Ø

IW-°-\p-k-cn®v 6.52 tImSn-bmWv Zmcn-Zy-tc-J-bv°p- Xm-sg-bp-≈-h-

cpsS Ct∏m-gsØ FÆw. CXv 5.91 tImSn-bmbn Ipd-bv°-W-sa-∂mWv

tIµw \n¿t±-in-®n- p-≈-Xv. AtX-k-abw A¿Pp≥sk≥Kp]vX IΩn‰n

am-X-a-√, kptcjv sS≠p¬°¿ IΩn-‰nbpw \mIvtk\ IΩn-‰n-bp-

sa√mw IW-°m-°n-bn- p≈ Zcn-Z-cpsS FÆw k¿°m¿ IW-°n-t\-

°mƒ ]e-a-Sßv IqSp-X-em-Wv. F∂m¬ Cu bmYm¿∞y-ß-sfm∂pw

]W_v apJ¿PnbpsS _P-‰ns\ kv]¿in-°p∂n√.

Irjn-tbmSv NXn

Im¿-jnI taJ-ebv°v _P‰v hm-cn-t°mcn \¬In F∂ hymP-]-

N-cWw kwL-Sn-X-ambn \S-Øp-∂p-≠v. F¥mWv hkvXp-X-sb∂v

t\m°mw. Irjn°pw A\p-_‘ taJ-e-Iƒ°p-ambn 2008- 09¬ \o°n-

sh-®Xv 15.74 iX-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Cu _P-‰n¬ AXv 9.75 iX-

am-\-ambn sh´n-°p-d-®n-cn-°p-∂p. samØw B`y-¥-tcm¬∏m-Z-\-Øns‚

(Pn Un]n) ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ t\m°n-bm¬ 2008- 09¬ 2.50 iX-am\w

D≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv Ct∏mƒ 1.56 iX-am-\-ambn Ipd-™n-cn-°p-∂p. £y-

[m\y D¬∏m-Z-\-Ønse CSn-hn\pw hne-°-b-‰-Øn\pw Imc-W-ambn

][m-\-a-¥nbpw [\-a-¥n-bp-sa√mw Nq≠n-°m- p-∂Xv hcƒ®-bm-Wv.

Cu kml-N-cy-Øn-se-¶nepw a¨kq-Wns\ amXw Bi-bn®v Irjn

sNøp∂ coXn°v am‰w hcp-Øm\pw Pe-tk-N-\-Øn-\p-ambn IqSp-X¬

hnlnXw \o°n-sh-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xt√? F∂m¬ samØw _P-

‰ns‚ shdpw 0.07 iX-am\w amX-amWv Pe-tk--N-\-Øn\pw sh≈-

s∏m° \nb-¥-W-Øn\pw \o°n-sh-®n--´p-≈-Xv. 2004-˛05 apX¬ CXv

GXm≠v Cß-s\-Xs∂ XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv. CXn-\p-]p-d-ta-bmWv cmk-hf

k_vknUn h≥-tXm-Xn¬ sh´n-°pd® \S-]-Sn. 3000 tImSn cq]-bpsS

Ipd-hmWv cmk-hfw k_vkn-Un-bn¬ hcp-Øn-b-Xv. _P-‰n-\p-ap-ºp-

Xs∂ bqdnb hne 10 iX-am\w h¿≤n∏n-®n-cp-∂p. cmk-h-f-hne \nb-

¥-W-ap-‡-am-°epw AXp-hgn Nn√d hne \n›-bn-°m-\p≈ A[n-

Imcw Iº-\n-Iƒ°v \¬IpI-bp-amWv e£yw.

Ign™ Hcp Zi-I-Øn-\p-≈n¬ c≠v e£w I¿j-I¿ BfllXy

77Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


sNbvXp-sh∂v HutZym-KnI IW-°p-Iƒ Xs∂ ]d-bp-∂p. IS-s°-

Wn-bmWv Cu Bfl-l-Xy-Iƒ°v Imc-Ww. CXn\v Hcp ]cn[n hsc-

sb-¶nepw Bizm-k-ap≠mI-W-sa-¶n¬ Ipd™ ]eni°v Im¿jnI

hmbv] e`y-am-°-Ww. Fw Fkv kzman-\m-Y≥ IΩn-js‚ \mev iX-

am\w ]en-i°v Im¿jn-I-hm-bv]-sb∂ ip]m¿i _P‰v ]cn-K-Wn-®-

tX-bn-√. [\-a¥n BsI sNbvX-Xv, hmbv] IrXy-ambn AS-®p-

Xo¿°p∂ I¿j-I¿°p≈ ]en-i-bn-fhv Bdv iX-am\w F∂Xv A©v

iX-am-\-am°n Ipd®p F∂-Xm-Wv. -C-Xp-sIm≠v amXw I¿j-I-cpsS

IS-s°-Wn°v ]cn-lm-c-am-In-√. Im¿jn-I-hmbv] 325000 tImSn cq]-

bn¬ \n∂v 375000 tImSn cq]-bmbn h¿≤n-∏n-°p-sa∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ

CXns‚ knwl-`m-Khpw kz¥-am-°p-∂Xv Im¿jn-I-cw-KsØ IpØ-

I-I-fm-sW∂pw km[m-cW Irjn-°m¿°v Imcy-amb ]tbm-P\w e`n-

°p-∂n-s√-∂p-ap≈ i‡-amb hna¿iw kmbn-\m-Yn-s\-t∏m-ep-≈-h¿

D∂-bn-°p-∂Xv ]k‡am-Wv.

Im¿jnI taJ-esb XI¿®-bn¬\n∂v c£n-°m≥ \b-]-c-amb

am‰-amWv Bh-iyw. B am‰w \n¿t±-in-°p-∂n-s√∂p amX-a-√,

Im¿jnI ]Xn-k‘n cq£-am-°nb \hen_-d¬ \b-ßƒ IqSp-X¬

Xoh-ambn XpS-cp-I-bmWv _P-‰v. Im¿jn-I-cw-KsØ s]mXp-\n-t£-

]hpw s]mXp-sN-e-hp-Ifpw KWy-ambn h¿≤n∏n-®p-sIm-≠p-am-Xta

Irjn ]p\-cp-≤-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. F∂m¬ CXn-s\√mw t\sc

apJw Xncn®p \n¬°p-I-bmWv _P-‰v. kaKhnf C≥-jp-d≥kv

t]mep≈ kp]-[m\ Bh-iy-ßfpw _P‰v ]cn-K-Wn-®n-√.

\·-amb hmKvZm-\-ew-L\w

hnZym- ym-kw, BtcmKyw XpSßn kmaq-ly-ta-J-e-I-fnse Kma-hn-

I-k\ taJ-e-bnepw _P‰v \ncm-i-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°-bm-Wv. tZiob

hcp-am-\-Øns‚ Bdv iX-am\w hnZym- ym-k-Øn\v \o°n-sh-°p-sa∂v

Ign™ bp ]n F Kh¨sa‚ v s]mXp-an-\naw ]cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ ]d-™n-

cp-∂-Xm-Wv. 1966¬ tImØmcn IΩo-j≥ ip]m¿i sNbvX-Xm-Wn-Xv.

F∂m¬ Ct∏mgpw Pn Un ]nbpsS 3.23 iX-am\w amX-amWv sNe-h-

gn°p-∂-Xv. 44 h¿j-am-bn´pw CXmWv ÿnXn. Cu h¿jsØ tIµ

_-P-‰nse hnln-X-am-Is´ PnUn-]n-bpsS shdpw 0.72 iX-am\w amX-

amWv. tI-µ-_-P-‰ns‚ 10 iX-am\w hnZym- ym-k-Øn-\mbn \o°n-sh-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

°p-sa-∂mWv Ign™ bp ]n F k¿°m-cns‚ hmKvZm-\-sa-¶n¬ Cu

_P-‰n¬ AXv B hmKvZm-\-Øns‚ ]Ip-Xn-bn¬ Xmsg (4.5-i-X-am-

\w) amX-am-Wv. amX-a-√, hnZym-`ymk Ah-Im-i-\n-baw \S-∏m-°m-

\p≈ hI-bn-cp-Ø-en-s\-°p-dn®v _P‰v au\w ]men-®n-cn-°-bm-Wv. hnZym-

`ymk Ah-Im-i-\n-b-a-Øns‚ KXn F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂ Hcp kqN-\-

bmbn CXv IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-∂-hsc Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ign-bn-√. CXn-

s\√mw ]pdsa hnZym-`ym-k-w IqSp-X¬ hmWn-Py-h¬°-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p-≠v CØ-h-WsØ _P-‰v. D∂-X-hn-Zym- ym-k-cw-KsØ ]Xy-

£-hn-tZ-i-\n-t£]w kw_‘n® \nb-¥-W-ßƒ \o°p-sa∂

\n¿t±iw D∂-X-hn-Zym-`ym-k-cwKw \hen_-d¬ \b-ßƒ°v IqSp-X-

embn Iogvs∏Sp-Øp∂-Xns‚ mK-am-Wv.

PnUn-]n-bpsS 2˛3 iX-am\w Btcm-Ky-cw-KØv sNe-h-gn-°p-sa-∂-

Xm-bn-cp∂p ap≥ bp ]n F k¿°m-cns‚ hmKvZm-\w. F∂m¬ AXv

shdpw 1.06 iX-am\w amX-am-Wn-∂v. CØ-h-WsØ _P-‰n¬ Btcm-

Ky-ta-J-e-bpsS hnln-X-Øn¬ 0.2 iX-am-\-Øns‚ Xp—-amb h¿≤-\-

hm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. F≥.-B¿-F-®v.-F-Ωn\v ap≥ h¿jsØ 14002 tImSn

cq]-bn¬ \n∂v 2010- 11¬ 15554 tImSn cq]-bmbn h¿≤n-∏n-®p-sh-¶nepw

ASn-ÿm\ kuI-cy-hn-I-k-\-Øn-s‚bpw a\p-jy--hn- -h-ti-jn-bp-sSbpw

h≥-tXm-Xn-ep≈ Bh-iy-ßƒ IW-°n--se-Sp-Øm¬ CXv Imcy-amb

h¿≤-\-b-s√∂v ImWm-\m-Ipw. tZiob tcmK-\n-b-¥-W-]-cn-]m-Sn-

°p≈ hnlnXw ap≥h¿j-tØ-°mƒ 13 tImSnbpw saUn-°¬ hnZym-

`ym-k-Øn-\p-≈Xv ap≥h¿j-tØ-Xn¬ \n∂v 577.10 tImSn cq]-bp-amWv

sh´n-°p-d-®-Xv. Fbnwkv amXr-I-bn-ep≈ Bip--]-Xn-Iƒ ÿm]n-°p-

∂-Xn-\p≈ hnln-X-Øn¬ 700 tImSn Ipdhp hcp-Øn. tZiob tcmK-

\n-b-¥W ]cn-]m-Sn-°p≈ XpI sh´n-°p-d-®-Xv s]mXp-P-\m-tcm-Ky-cw-

KØv tZmj-^-e-ß-fp-≠m-°pw. ImcWw Cu ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS ]cn-[n-

bn¬ hcp∂ ]e tcmK-ßfpw kao-]-Im-e-Ømbn h≥tXm-Xn¬ ]Xy-

£-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v.

kmaq-ly-kp-c-£°v Ah-K-W\

sF-kn-Un-Fkv km¿h-Xn-I-am-°-W-sa-∂Xv Gsd-°m-e-am-bp≈

Bh-iy-am-Wv. F∂m¬ _P-‰n¬ sF kn Un Fkn\p \¬In-bn-

´p≈ hnlnXw Cu Bhiyw \nd-th-‰p-∂-Xn\v H´pw ]cym-]vX-a-√.

79Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


2012 BIp-tºm-tgbv°v sF kn Un Fkv km¿h-Xn-I-am-°p-sa-∂m-

bn-cp∂p bp ]n F k¿°m-cns‚ hmKvZm-\w. CXn\v th≠n-h-cp-sa∂v

IW-°m-°n-bn-´p-≈Xv 43000 \pw 75000 \p-an-Sbv°v tImSn cq]-bmWv

(Peoples Charter of Demands -CBGA New Delhi) F∂m¬ Cu

h¿jsØ _P-‰n¬ \o°n-sh-®-Xm-Is´ 8700 tImSn cq-]amX-hpw.

2012 BIp-tºm-tgbv°pw sF kn Un Fkv km¿h-Xn-I-am-°pI F∂

e£y-Øns‚ Gg-b-e-Øp-t]mepw FØm≥ CXp-sIm-≠m-In-√.

\ΩpsS kaq-l-Ønse G‰hpw ]m¥-h¬°-cn-°-s∏- -hcpw ASn-

®-a¿Ø-s∏- -h-cp-amWv Zfn-Xcpw BZn-hm-kn-I-fpw. Ch¿°v P\-kw-Jym-

\p-]m-Xn-I-ambn hnlnXw \¬Ipsa-∂m-bn-cp∂p tIm¨K-kns‚ hmKvZm-

\w. F∂m¬ Fkv kn hn`m-K-Øn\v A\p-h-Zn®n´p≈ ]≤-Xn-hn-lnXw

samØw ]≤-Xn-s®-e-hns‚ 7.19 iX-am\w amX-am-Wv. P\-kw-Jy-

bn¬ 16 iX-am\w hcp∂ ]ń-I-Pm-Xn-°m¿°v AXn\v B\p-]m-Xn-I-

ambn e`n-t°-≠-Xns‚ ]Ip-Xn-t]mepw _P‰v \¬Ip-∂n-√. ]ń-I-

h¿K-hn- m-K-Øns‚ ÿnXnbpw hyXy-kvX-a-√, ]ńI h¿§ P\-kwJy

F v iX-am-\-am-sW-∂n-cns° Ah¿°v _P-‰n¬ \o°n-sh-®n- p-≈Xv

samØw ]≤-Xn-b-S-¶-ens‚ 4.30 iX-am\w amX-am-Wv.

Akw-L-Sn-X-ta-Jem sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS kmaq-ly-kp-c-£bv°v

\o°n-sh-®Xv 1000 tImSn cq]-bm-Wv. cmPysØ 35 tImSn hcp∂

Akw-L-Sn-X-ta-Jem sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ°v kmaq-ly-kp-c£ Dd-∏m-°m≥

PnUn-]n-bpsS 0.39 iX-am\w tIµ-k¿°m¿ \o°n-sh°-Wsa∂mWv

CXp kw_-‘n® tZiob IΩo-j≥ IW-°m-°n-bn- p-≈-Xv. CXv G-

Xm≠v 27000 tImSn cq] hcp-sa-∂n-cns° 1000 tImSn cq] \o°n-sh-

®Xv t]cn-\p-am-X-am-sW∂v hy‡-am-Wv.

Kmao-W- m-c-X-Øn\v \ncmi

Kma-hn-I-k\w , KmaoW IpSn-sh≈ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ F∂n-hbpw _P-

‰n¬ Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏- p. Kma-hn-I-k-\-Øn-\p≈ hnlnXw bYm¿∞-

Øn¬ Ipd-bp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. 2010-˛11¬ Kma-hn-I-k-\-Øn-\p≈

_P‰v hnln-X-Øn¬ ap≥ h¿jsØ At]-£n®v F v iX-am-\-Øns‚

h≥ Ipd-hmWv hcp-Øn-bn- p-≈-Xv. KmaoW IpSn-sh≈ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ°pw

ipNnXz ]cn-]m-e-\-Øn-\p--ap≈ hnlnXw samØw _P-‰ns‚ 0.85 iX-

am\w amX-am-Wv. CXv Ign™ Ggv h¿j-ambn GXm≠v CtX ÿnXn-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

bn¬ apc-Sn®p \n¬°p-I-bm-Wv. as‰mcp ][m\ ]≤Xnbmb ][m-

\a¥n Kmao¨ kUIv tbmP-\-°p≈ hnln-X-Øn¬ ap≥ h¿j-

tØ-°mƒ h¿≤-\-bn-√. tdmUv kuIcyw Xosc e`y-a-√mØ 66802

Bhm-k-tI-µ-ßƒ cmPy-Øp-s≠-∂mWv IW°m-°n-bn- p≈-Xv. Cu

Bhmk tIµ-ß-fn¬ tdmUp-ku-Icyw e`y-am-°-W-sa-¶n¬ 146185

Intem-ao-‰¿ Kmao-W--tdm-Up-Iƒ C\nbpw \n¿Ωn-°-W-sa∂pw IW-

°m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. amX-a-√, Kma-hn-I-k\ a¥m-e-b-Øns‚ ]≤-

XnIfn¬ ≠v hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xnepw e£y-ßƒ ssIh-cn-°p-∂-

Xnepw ap∂n¬ \n¬°p-∂X-pw ]n Fw Pn Fkv ssh BWv. F∂n´pw

]n Fw Pn Fkv ssh°p≈ hnlnXw H´pw h¿≤n-∏n-°m-Xn-cp-∂Xv

Xo¿Øpw \ncm-i-bp-≠m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

ap≥ bp ]n F k¿°m-cns‚ s]mXp-an-\naw ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ CS-Xp-]-

£-Øns‚ \n¿_‘sØØpS¿∂v Dƒs∏-SpØnbXpw \S-∏n-em-°n-

b-Xp-amb ][m-\-]-≤-Xn-bmWv F≥ B¿ C Pn Fkv tZiob sXmgn-

ep-d∏v ]≤-Xn-°p≈ hnln-X-Øn¬ ap≥ h¿jsØ (2009-˛10) 39100

tImSn CØ-hW 41000 tImSn cq-]bmbn amX-amWv h¿≤n-∏n-®n- p--≈-

Xv. cmPysØ F√m Pn-√-I-fnepw tZiob sXmgn-ep-d∏v ]≤Xn e-

]-Z-ambn \S-∏n-em-°m≥ Cu h¿≤\ XnI®pw A]-cym-]vX-am-Wv. ≠v

e`y-a-√m-ØXv ]e Pn√-I-fnepw ]≤Xn \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn\v XS- -am-

sW∂v ]cm-Xn-I-fp-b¿∂n- p-≠v. \nc-h[n Pn√-I-fn¬ 100 Znhkw tPmen

sImSp-°pI F∂ e£yw ssIh-cn-°m≥ Ign-™n-´n-√. ]Wn--sb-Sp-

Ø-h¿°pXs∂ Iqen e`n-°m≥ _m°n-bp-s≠∂ ]cm-Xn-Ifpw hym]-

I-am-bn-´p-≠v. amX-a-√, Im¿jnI ]Xn-k-‘nbpw kmº-ØnI

amµyhpw Kmao-W-Po-hn-X-Øn\v G¬∏n® XI¿® t\cn-Sm≥ e-]-

Z-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp∂ Hcp D]-I-c-W-amWv tZiob sXmgn-ep-d∏p

]≤Xn. Dd-∏p-\¬In-b-Xp-t]mse 100 Znhkw tPmenbpw 100 cq]

Iqenbpw e`y-am-°m-\m-bm¬ Kmao-W-P-\-X-bpsS hmß¬tijn

h¿≤n-∏n-°m\pw Ah¿°v A¬∏w Bizmkw ]I-cm\pw Ign-bp-am-

bn-cp∂p. F∂m¬ aXn-bmb kwJy hI-bn-cp-Øm-Ø-Xn-eqsS k¿°m-

cns‚ h©-\m-]-c-amb \ne-]mSv ]pd-Øp-h-∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

kº-∂¿°v hmcn-t°mcn

Cu _-P-‰ns‚ h¿K-]-£-]m-XnXzw IqSp-X¬ ]I-S-ambn ImWp-

81Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


∂Xv hn -h-k-am-l-c-W-Ønepw \nIpXn \n¿t±-i-Øn-ep-am-Wv. s]mXp-

ta-Jem Hmlcn hn‰-gn-°-en-eqsS 40000 tImSn cq] kam-l-cn-°m-\mWv

_P‰v e£y-an-Sp-∂-Xv. s]mXp-kzØv Npfp--hn-ebv°v ssI°-em-°m≥

klm-bn-°p∂ Cu \n¿t±iw IpØ-I-Isf Ipd-s®m-∂p-a√ kt¥m-

jn-∏n°p∂-Xv. BkvXn-Iƒ hn‰v sNe-hn-\p≈ ]Ww Is≠-Øp-∂-

Xns‚ A¿∞-im-kvX-bp‡n P\-hn-cp-≤-am-Wv. CS-Xp--]£ ]n¥p-

W-bpsS ISpØ kΩ¿±--ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ H∂mw bp ]n F k¿°m-cn\v

BK-ln® coXn-bn¬ \S-∏n-em-°m≥ Ign-bm-sX-t]mb Hml-cn-hn¬∏-

\bpw kzIm-cy-h¬°-c-Whpw AXn-th-K-X-bn¬ apt∂m´p \-bn-°m-

\p≈ hyKX _P-‰n¬ ]I-S-am-Wv.

]Xy£ \nIp-Xn-bn-f-hp-I-fpsS e-ambn 26000 tImSn cq]-bpsS

hcp-am-\-\-jvS-ap-≠m-Ip-sa∂v ]d-bp∂ [\-a¥n ]tcm-£-\n-IpXn

h¿≤n-∏n-°p--∂-Xn-eqsS 46500 tImSn cq]-bpsS A[n-I-h-cp-am-\-ap-≠m-

Ip-sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂p. (_-P‰v ]kwKw JfinI 186). F¥m-Wn-Xn\v

A¿∞w? ]Xy-£-\n-IpXn ][m-\-ambpw kº-∂-cn¬ \n∂v CuSm-

°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah¿°v A\p-h-Zn-°p∂ Cf-hns‚ ^e-ambn 26000

tImSn cq] k¿°m¿ \jvSw kln-°p-∂p. ]tcm-£-\n-Ip-Xn-bpsS mc-

am-Is´ km[m-c-W-°m-cmWv hln-t°-≠n-h-cp-∂-Xv. k-º-∂¿°v

sImSpØ 26000 tImSn cq]-bpsS \jvShpw Ign™v ]tcm-£-\n-IpXn

Iq´p-∂-Xn-eqsS 46500 tImSn cq] A[nI hcp-am-\-ap-≠m-°p-sa∂v [\-

a¥n ]d-bp-∂-Xn-\¿∞w km[m-c-W-°m¿°pta¬ 72500 tImSn cq]-

bpsS (26000+46500) A[n-I- mcw ASn-t®¬∏n-°p∂psh-∂m-Wv.

IpØ-I-Iƒ°pw kº-∂¿°pw \nIp-Xn-bn-f-hp-Ifpw kuP-\y-

ßfpw hmcn-t°m-cn-bmWv bp ]n F k¿°m¿ \¬In-h-cp-∂-Xv. [\-

a-¥n-bpsS Xs∂ IW-°-\p-k-cn®v 2008-˛09 ¬ k¿°m¿ Hgn-hm-°n-

s°m-SpØ \nIpXn 4.14 e£w tImSn cq]-bm-Wv. 2009- 10¬ CXv 5.02

e£w tImSn cq]-bmbn Db¿∂p. (Reciepts Budget Union Budget 2010-11 Gol)kº-∂¿°p≈ Cu oa-amb Cf-hp-Iƒ 2010- 11epw h¿≤n-°p-

Itb D≈q. Cßs\ Cf-hp-Iƒ \¬Ip-∂-Xns‚ e-ambn \nIpXn

˛ Pn Un ]n A\p-]mXw ho≠pw CSn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. 2007- 08¬ CXv 12

iX-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂psh¶n¬ 2009-˛10 ¬ CXv 10.3 iX-am-\-ambn Ipd-

™p. (km-º-ØnI k¿sh 2009-˛10). km[y-am-b-Xn-t\-°mƒ hfsc

Ipd™ tXmXn-emWv \ΩpsS cmPyØv \nIpXn ]ncn-°p-∂Xv F∂m-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Wv. kº-∂-cn¬ \n∂v IqSp-X¬ \nIpXn CuSm°n \mSns‚ hnI-k-

\-Øn\pw P\-ß-fpsS t£a-Øn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn\v bp ]n F

k¿°mcn\v cm-„ob C—m-i-‡n-bn-√.

2010- 11-se _P-‰n¬ k¿°m-cns‚ samØw sNehv Pn Un]nbpsS

16 iX-am-\-ambn Ipd-bp-sa-∂mWv IW-°m-°n-bn-´p-≈-Xv. 2009-˛10¬

CXv 16.6 iX-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. [\-°Ωn Ipd-bv°p-∂-Xns‚ mK-ambn

k_vkn-Un-Ifpw P\-ß-fpsS t£a-Øn-\p-X-Ip∂ a‰v sNe-hp-Ifpw

shń-°p-d-®-Xns‚ e-am-Wn-Xv. CXn\v [\-a-¥nbpw ][m-\-a-¥nbpw

]d-bp∂ \ymbw ]W-an-s√-∂-Xm-Wv. s]tSm-fnbw hne h¿≤-\hv

Hgn-hm-°m≥ th≠nbn-cp-∂Xv 400000 tImSn cq]-bm-Wv. 2009- 10se \nIp-

Xn-bn-f-hp-Iƒ amXw A©v e£w tImSn cq]-bptS-Xm-sW∂v \mw

I≠p. AXns‚ ]¥-≠n-semcp `mKta s]tSm-fnbw hne-h¿≤\

Hgn-hm-°m≥ Bh-iy-ap-≈q.

s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-[m\w km¿h-Xn-I-am-°m\pw cmPy-sØ-√m-

h¿°pw Ipd™ hnebv°v `£y-[m\yw e`y-am-°m\pw th≠n-h-

cp∂ A[n-I-k-_vknUn 88363 tImSn cq]-bm-sW∂v IW-°m-°n-bn-

cn-°p-∂p. CXn\v ]W--an-s√∂p ]d-bp∂ k¿°m¿ tIm¿]-td‰v \nIp-

Xn-bn-\-Øn¬ amXw ap≥h¿jw G-I-tZiw CXbpw XpI (80000

tImSn cq]) Cfhv \¬In-bn- p-≠v. k-_vkn-Un-Iƒ A[n-I-am-sW∂v

apd-hn-fn-Iq- p-∂-h¿ t_m[-]q¿∆w hkvXp-X-Iƒ ad-®p-sh-°p-I-bm-Wv.

C¥y-bn¬ `£y-k-_vknUn Pn Un ]nbpsS Hcp iX-am-\-Øn¬

Xmsg amX-am-sW-∂n-cns° \nIp-Xn-bn-f-hp-Iƒ Pn Un ]nbpsS 8.1

iX-am-\-am-Wv. ]mh-s∏- -h¿°p≈ k_vkn-Un-bpsS Fń-c- n-bmWv

kº-∂¿°p≈ k_vknUn F∂¿∞w. ]t£, \nIp-Xn-bn-f-hp-Iƒ

Ipd-bv°-W-sa-∂-√, £y k_vkn-Unbpw a‰pw Ipd-bv°-W-sa-∂mWv

apd-hn-fn. ]W_v apJ¿Pn sNbvXXpw AXp Xs∂-bm-Wv. 2008- 09¬

BsI k_vknUn ( -£y, cmk-h-fw, s]tSmfnbw Dƒs∏-sS) 129708

tImSn cq]-bm-bn-cp-∂Xv 2010- 11¬116224 tImSn cq]-bmbn shń-°p-d-®n-

cn-°p-∂p. AtX-k-abw 2008- 09\pw 2009- 10 \pan-S-bn¬ \nIp-Xn-bn-f-

hp-Iƒ 88000 tImSn cq]-tbmfw IqSp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-sX∂v Hm¿°-Ww.

hn]-Wn-bpsS BtLmjw

_P-‰ns\ kwK-ln-®m¬, k_vkn-Un-Ifpw t£a-s®-e-hp-Ifpw

83Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


sh´n-®p-cp-°nbpw hne-°-b-‰-Ønepw Im¿jnI ]Xn-k-‘n-bnepw

Bizmk \S-]-Sn-I-fp-ambn CS-s]-Sm-sXbpw hn]-Wn°pw aqe-[-\-

Øn\pw t]m’m-l\w sNmcn-bp-I-bmWv [\-a¥n sNbvX-sX∂p

ImWmw. s]tSm-fnbw D¬∏-∂-ß-fpsS hne ]q¿Æ-ambpw hn]-Wn°v

hn´p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ (deregulation) \n¿t±-in-°p∂ IndnXv ]tcJv dnt∏m¿ v

DNn-X-amb ka-bØv \S-∏m-°p-sa∂pw IqSp-X¬ kzImcy ÿm]-\-

ßƒ°v _m¶nMv ssek≥kv \¬Ip-sa-∂p-ap≈ ]Jym-]-\-ßƒ

IpØ-I-I-sfbpw hn]-Wn-sbbpw tImcn-Ø-cn-∏n°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

kzImcy _m¶nMv ssek≥kv kw_-‘n®v ]Jym-]\w BZnXy

_n¿f-bp-tSbpw A\n¬ Aw_m-\n-bp-sSbpw _m¶nMv taml-ßƒ°v

NndIv \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v Ah-cpsS a\x-km£n kq£n-∏p-Im-

cmb [\-Imcy am[y-a-ßƒ dnt∏m¿´v sNøp-∂p. dne-b≥kv Im∏n-

‰¬, FUn-F-Pn, sden-sK-b¿ XpS-ßnb tIm¿∏-td‰v Iº-\n-I-fpsS

Hml-cn-hne _P-‰n\p sXm´p ]n∂mse IpXn-®p-b-cp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

_P‰v hn]-Wn-bpsS ]Xo-£-Iƒ°pw A∏p-d-am-b-XpsIm≠v

sk≥skIvkv (apwss_ Hmlcn hne kqNn-I) 175 t]mbn‚n-te°v

IpXn-®p-b¿∂psh∂v C°--tWm-anIv ssSwkv (27 s^_p-hcn 2010)

dnt∏m¿ v sNbvXp. sXcs™Sp-∏p-I-sfm∂pw Ct∏m-gn-√m-Ø-Xn-\mepw

CS-Xp-]£ kΩ¿±sØ t]Sn-t°-≠m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠pw ]cn-jvIm-c-

ßƒ°v (P\-ßsf ]ngn-bp-∂Xns\∂v a\- n-em-°p-I) A-\p-tbm-Py-

amb ka-b-am-bn-cp-∂p _P-‰n-t‚-sX∂pw C°-tWm-anIv ssSwkv ]d-

bp-∂p. sXc-s™-Sp-∏n\v apºv Bw BZvan-bpsS h‡m-hmbn A`n-\-

bn-®n-cp∂ ]W_v apJ¿Pn _P-‰n-eqsS tIm¿]-td‰v C¥y-bpsS kn

C H Bbn hm°p-]m-en-®-Xns‚ BÀm-Zhpw CS-Xp-]-£-Øns‚

FXn¿∏ns‚ kzcw Zp¿∫-e-am-b-Xns‚ Bizm-k-hp-amWv C°-tWm-

anIv ssSwkv ]¶p-h-bv°p-∂-Xv. Xoh DZm-c-h¬°-cW \b-ßƒs°-

Xn-cmbn P\-ß-sf-bmsI AWn-\n-c-Øm≥ CS-Xp-]£ cm„obw i‡n-

s∏-Sp-Øp-I-sb∂ ]mT-amWv Cu _P-‰n¬ \n∂v \ap°v ]Tn-°m--\p-

≈-Xv.

bph-[mc,

2010 am¿®


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

`mKw c≠v

85Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


aXhpw am¿Ivkn-khpw

Cu Ncn-X-]-[m\ ktΩ-f-\-Øn\v Fs∂ £Wn-®-Xn\v Rm≥

BZy-ambn \µn-tc-J-s∏-S-p-Ø-s´. kzman hnth-Im-\-µ≥, Xs‚ AXn-

Kw- o-c-amb hm‹n-Xzhpw Nn¥-Ifpw sIm≠v temI-Øn-s‚-bmsI i≤-

bm-I¿jn® Nn°mtKm k¿∆-aX ktΩ-f-\sØ A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p-∂-

XmWv Cu ]o ˛ ]m¿e-sa‚ v D®-tIm-Sn. kzman hnth-Im-\-µs‚

]uV-amb Nn°mtKm ]kw-K-Øns‚ ]k-‡- m-K-ßƒ Aev]w apºv

\mw ihn-°p-I-bp-≠m-b-t√m. ChnsS Cu al-Ømb k -bn¬ ]K-

¤-cmb _p≤n-Po-hn-I-fp-sSbpw ]ap-J-cmb aX-t\-Xm-°-fp-tSbpw BZ-

c-Wo-b-amb km∂n≤yw \ap-°p-≠v. Rms\mcp Bflob t\Xmthm

aX-]-fin-Xt\m As√∂v hn\-b-]q¿∆w \nßsf Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°-s´.

Rm≥ bph-P-\-]-ÿm-\sØ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂ Hcp cm„ob

]h¿Ø-I≥ amX-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ ChnsS B[n-Im-cn-I-amb Hcp

]`m-jWw \S-Øm≥ amXw henb Hcm-f√ Rm≥ F∂v F\n-°-dn-

bmw. AXp-sIm≠v C∂sØ hnj-bsØ kw_-‘n®v Fs‚ Nne

NnX-dnb Nn¥-Iƒ ]¶p-h-bv°pI amX-am-Wn-hnsS sNøp-∂-Xv.

ChnsS Ft∂mSv kwkm-cn-°m≥ Bh-iy-s∏-´n-´p-≈Xv aXhpw

cm„o-bhpw F∂ hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn-®m-Wv. Cß-s\-sbmcp hnjbw

kwLm-S-I¿ sXc-s™-Sp-ØXv hfsc [ochpw \qX-\-hp-amb Hcp

]cn-i-a-am-Wv. CXv F√m-bvt]mgpw hnIm-c-]-chpw hnhm-Z-]-c-hp-amb

Hcp hnj-b-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu ]m¿e-sa‚ns‚ mK-ambn Cß-s\-sbmcp

hnjbw \n›-bn-®-Xv kwhm-Z-Øns‚ Hcp ]pXnb ]In-bbv°v Xp

S°w Ipdn-°m≥ Xo¿®-bmbpw klm-b-I-c-am-Ip-sa∂v F\n-°p-d-∏p-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

≠v. Hcp cm„ob ]h¿Ø-I≥ F∂ \nebv°v a\pjy Pohn-X-

Øns‚ c≠p kp]-[m\ taJ-e-I-fmb aXhpw cm„o-bhpw XΩn¬

A¿∞-]q¿Æ-amb kwhmZw \ne-\n¬t°-≠Xv ][m-\-am-sW∂v

Rm≥ Icp-Xp-∂p.

aXØn\v kaq-l-Øn¬ AKm-[-amb kzm[o-\-ap-≠v F∂ hkvXpX

B¿°pw Ah-K-Wn-°m-\m-hn-√. Rßƒ CS-Xp-]-£-°m¿, aX-Øns‚

]k-‡nbpw ]¶pw AwKo-I-cn-°p-tºmƒXs∂ AXns‚ D¤-hhpw

hf¿®bpw kmaq-ly-i-‡n-I-fpsS hnIm-k-]-In-b-bmbn _‘-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bmWv ImWp-∂-Xv. \ΩpsS ]mNo-\-cmb ]q¿∆n-I¿ ]Ir-Xn-

bpsS Icp-Øp‰ i‡n-I-fp-ambn \S-Ønb kwL-´-\-Øn-emWv aX-

Øns‚ D¤-h-ap-≈-Xv. \ΩpsS ]q¿∆n-I¿ Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-Øn-ep-S-

\ofw ]IrXn i‡n-I-fp-ambn G‰p-ap- p-Ibpw Ah-sb sacp-°m\pw

]cn-h¿Ø-\-hn-t[-b-am-°m\pw ian-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. CXv ]Ir-Xn-i-

‡n-Isf \nb-¥n-°m≥ amX-a√ Ahsb am\-ho-I-cn-°m≥ IqSn-bp≈

Iq´mb ]cn-i-a-am-bn-cp-∂p. kpZo¿Lhpw k¶o¿Æ-hp-amb Cu ]In-

b-bv°n-S-bn¬ ]mIr-X-amb h¿§-c-lnX kaqlw Hcp h¿§-k-aq-l-

ambn cq]m-¥-c-s∏- p. ]Ir-Xnsb ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-°m-\p≈ kacw a\p-

jy-cpsS D¬∏m-Z-t\m-]m-[n-I-sfbpw t_m[-a-fi-e-tØbpw kmaq-lnI

_‘-ß-sfbpw IqSn am‰n-Øo¿°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]Ir-Xn-bn-tebpw kaq-

l-Øn-tebpw ]e ]Xn-`m-k-ßfpw a\p-jy-cpsS bp‡nbv°pw

Nn¥bv°pw mh-\bv°pw AXo-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]IrXymXo-Xhpw a\p-

jym-Xo-X-hp-amb i‡n-I-fn-ep≈ hnizm-kØn¬ A-[n-jvTn-X-am-b, a\p-

jy-]-h¿Ø-\ßfp-sSbpw _‘-ß-fp-sSbpw BI-Øp-I-bm-Wv. aXw,

kmaqly ]cn-Xx-ÿn-Xn-I-fpsS krjvSnbpw ]Xn- -e-\-hp-am-sW∂pw

adn-®-s√-∂p-amWv CXn-\¿∞w. aX-Øns‚ Ncn-X-am-Is´ a\p-jy-k-

aq-l-Øns‚ hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-ß-fpsS Ncn-X-hp-ambn At`-Zy-ambn

_‘-s∏- p-In-S-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.

adp-h-iØv C\n \ap°v cm„o-bsØ ]cn-tim-[n-°mw. Hcp kaq-

l-Ønse kmaq-lnI kmº-ØnI ]In-b-I-fpsS BI-Øp-I-bmWv

cm„o-bw. aq¿Ø-amb hm°p-I-fn¬ ]d-™m¬ Hcp kaq-l-Øn¬

\S-°p∂ h¿§-k-a-c-Øns‚ ]Xn-^-e-\-amWv cm„o-bw. aXhpw

cm„o-bhpw XΩn¬ Hcp-]mSv kam-¥-c-ßƒ \ap°v Z¿in-°m-\m-hpw.

icn-bmb A¿∞-Øn¬ c≠pw kaq-l-Øns‚ \nkzm¿∞-tk-h-\-

87Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


amWv e£y-am-°p-∂-Xv. aZ¿sX-tc-k-bpsS aXhpw alm-flm-Km-‘n-

bpsS cm„o-bhpw kaq-lsØ tkhn-°pI F∂ Htc tNmZ-\-bm¬

]tNm-Zn-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. kzman hnth-Im-\-µ≥, s\lvdp, C.-Fw.-F-kv.

XpSßn aX-Øn-s‚bpw cm„o-b-Øn-s‚bpw afi-e-Øn¬ C¥y

krjvv-Sn® alm-tX-P-kzn-I-fmb ]e¿°pw s]mXp-hm-bp≈ Hcp ]tXy-

IX AKm-[-amb Zm¿i-\nI Dƒ°m-gvNbpw Ahn-cm-a-amb Adn-h-t\z-

j-W-Xz-c-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. kXy-k-‘-X-bp≈ aXhpw t\cns‚ cm„o-

bhpw F√m-bvt]mgpw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv XymK-k-∂-≤-X-bm-Wv. io-

cm-a\v Xs‚ cmPm[n-Imcw Dt]-£n®v h\-hm-k-Øn\p t]mIm≥

bmsXmcp aSn-bp-ap-≠m-bn-√. tbip-In-kvXp, apl-Ω-Zv\-_n, Km‘n-Pn,

`KXvknMv, sNKp-thc XpS-ßn-b-h¿ P\-ßƒ°p-th≠n ]c-a-amb

XymKw sNbvX Ncn-X-]p-cp-j-∑m-cn¬ Nne-cm-Wv.

F¥m-bmepw auen-I-amb Nne sshPm-Xy-ßfpw aXhpw cm„o-

bhpw XΩn-ep-≠v. aXw ][m-\-ambpw a\p-jycpw ssZhhpw XΩn-

ep≈ hnip-≤hpw kzIm-cy-hp-amb lrZ-b-kw-hm-Z-am-sW-¶n¬

cm„obw kmaq-ln-I- -km-º-ØnI ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ a\pjy¿

G¿s∏-Sp∂ kmaq-lnI _‘-ß-fpsS afi-e-Øn-emWv hym]-cn-°p-

∂-Xv. a\p-jy-cpsS Cl-tem-IsØ ]iv\-ßƒ°p≈ ]cn-lmcw tXSn-

bp≈ aX-Øns‚ At\z-j-W-ßƒ F√m-bvt]mgpw ]c-tem-I-hp-ambn

_‘-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. ac-Wm-\-¥-c-Po-hn-Xw, kz¿§w, \c-Iw, Cl-tem-

IsØ icn-sX-‰p-Isf kw_-‘n®v ac-Wm-\-¥-c-ap≈ hn[n-\n¿Æbw

F∂n-h-sb√mw F√m -a-X-ß-fnepw s]mXp-hmbn ImWp∂ k¶-ev]-

ß-fm-Wv. aXw hy‡nsb ip≤o-I-cn-°m-\p≈ ]cn-i-a-ß-fn¬

]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv As√-¶n¬ ]h¿Øn-°p-sa∂v IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp-

∂Xv ][m-\-ambpw sshb-‡n-I-amb kq£va-X-e-Øn-em-Wv. cm„obw

kaq-l-Øns‚ s]mXp-hmb ]iv\-ßsf ÿqe-X-e-Øn¬ A`n-kw-

t_m-[\ sNøp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS ]cn-lm-c-Øn-\mbn uXn-I-tem-IØv

CS-s]-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. euInI ZpxJ-ß-fn¬ \n∂v hy‡nsb

tamNn-∏n-°m-\p≈ Ah-km-\n-°mØ ]co-£-W-amWv aXw. cm„obw

AXns‚ icn-bmb A¿∞-Øn¬ F√m euInI ZpxJ-ß-fp-sSbpw

aqe-Im-c-W-Øn¬\n-∂v, AXm-bXv h¿§-Nq-j-W-Øn¬\n∂v P\-ß-sf-

bmsI tamNn-∏n-°pI F∂-XmWv e£y-am-°p-∂-Xv. CXmWv Fs‚

hn\o-X-amb ho£-Ww.


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

CS-Xp-]-£-Øns‚ aX-tØm-Sp≈ kao-]\w kw_-‘n®v Rm≥

Ipd-®p-IqSn hy‡X hcp-Ømw. Rßƒ F√m-bvt]mgpw aX-hn-cp≤-

sc∂ Ip‰m-tcm-]-W-Øn-\n-c-bm-Ip-∂-h-cm-sW-¶nepw AXv hkvXp-X-

b-√. an° Ip‰m-tcm-]-W-ßfpw aXsØ hni-I-e\w sNbvXv am¿Ivkv

\S-Ønb \nco-£-W-ßsfs®m√n-bp≈ \njv°-f-¶-amb sX‰n-≤m-c-

W-I-fp-tStbm As√-¶n¬ t_m[-]q¿∆-amb Zp¿hym-Jym-\-ß-fp-sStbm

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≈-h-bm-Wv. "aXw a\p-jys\ ab-°p∂ Idp-∏mWv'

F∂ am¿Ivkns‚ H‰-hm-NIw amXw ]e-t∏mgpw kµ¿ -Øn¬\n∂v

AS¿Øn-sb-SpØv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ""lrZ-biq\y-amb Hcp

temI-Øns‚ lrZ-bhpw ASn-®-a¿Ø-s∏´ Hcp P\-X-bpsS s\Sp-

ho¿∏pw a\p-jys\ ab-°p∂ Idp-∏p-amWv aXw.'' F∂mWv bYm¿∞-

Øn¬ am¿Ivkv ]d-™-Xv. Cu ]kvXmhw icn-bmb A¿∞-Ønepw

kµ¿ -Ønepw hmbn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, am¿Ivkv A‘-amb Hcp aX-

\n-cmkw \S-Øn-bn-´n√ F∂v hy‡-am-Ipw. aX-Øns‚ thcp-Iƒ

Bgv∂p InS-°p∂ kmaq-lnI bmYm¿∞y-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Cu kmaq-

lnI kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ aXw \n¿∆-ln-°p∂ ]¶n-s\-°p-dn®pw Imhym-

fl-I-amb Hcp mj D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm≠v hkvXp-\n-jvT-amb hni-I-

e\w \S-Øp-I-bmWv am¿Ivkv sNøp-∂-Xv.

Ncn-X-Øn-ep-S-\ofw A[o-i-]-Xy-b-im-kvX-Øns‚ Hcp cq]-am-

bn-cp∂p aX-sa∂v ImWmw. Aßn-s\-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v c-W-

h¿-§- Xm¬]-cy-ßfpw Nqjn-X-P-\-X-bpsS A`n-em-j-ßfpw ]ptcm-K-a-

\m-i-b-ßfpw ]Xn-tema ho£-W-ßfpw Hcp-t]mse aX-Øns‚

s]mXp-`mj D]-tbm-Kn®v ]I-Sn-∏n-°m-\m-Ipw. AXp-sIm-≠v, aX-\-

ho-I-cW ]ÿm-\-ß-fpsS ]ptcm-K-a-\-]-chpw Inbm-fl-I-hp-amb D≈-

S-°sØ CS-Xp-]£w Xo¿®-bmbpw am\n-°p-I-Xs∂ sNøpw. Ncn-

X-Ønse al-Ømb kmaq-lnI ka-c-ß-fn¬ aX-ßƒ hln®

]¶ns\ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ CS-Xp-]£w H´pw e÷n-°p-∂n-√.

Po¿Æn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ tdmam-km-am-Py-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb P\-Iob Iem-

]-ß-fn¬ \ap°v InkvXp-hns‚ ]ndhn ImWm-sa-¶n¬ Ad_v tZio-

b-X-bpsS Db¿®-bp-ambn C…m-ans‚ DZ-b-Øn\v ]Xy-£-amb _‘w

Xs∂-bp-≠v. _n´o-jp-Im¿s°-Xn-cmb ka-c-Øn¬ Km‘n-Pn-sbbpw

Xne-I-t\bpw t]mep≈ t\Xm-°ƒ aX-Øn¬\n∂v ka-tcm-]-I-c-W-

ßfpw X¥-ßfpw e-]-Z-am-bn-Øs∂ hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-Øn- p-≠v. Ch-

89Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


bn¬ ""kXy-Klw'' t]mep≈ NneXv Ct∏mgpw P\-ßsf AWn-\n-c-

Øm-\p-X-Ip∂ D]m-[n-I-fm-Wv. (R-ß-sf-t∏m-ep≈ ]h¿Ø-I¿,

hfsc hyXy-kvX-amb ]cn-Xx-ÿn-Xn-I-fn-em-sW-¶nepw Ct∏mgpw Cu

D]m-[n-Isf D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-≠v.) C¥y-bn¬ 14-˛mw \q‰m-≠p-ap-X¬

17-˛mw \q‰m-≠p-hsc hf¿∂p-h∂ ‡n-]-ÿm-\-Øns‚ Imcy-sa-Sp-

Øm¬, AXv A°m-eØv \ne-\n∂ kmaq-ln-I- -km-º-ØnI kml-

N-cy-ß-tfm-Sp≈ Bflob ]Xn-I-c-W-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂p ImWmw.

AXns‚ kmaq-lnI kz`mhw PmXn-ta-[m-hn-Xz-L-S-\bv°v FXn-cm-bn-

cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ tZio-b-`m-j-Iƒ°pw kmln-Xy-Øn\pw \¬Inb

t]m’m-l\w AXns‚ kmwkvIm-cnI kzm[o-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cß-s\-

bp≈ ]ptcm-K-a\ LS-I-ßƒ°-∏pdw aX-ßƒ°pw aX-\-ho-I-c-W-

]-ÿm-\-ßƒ°pw Ah-bp-tS-Xmb ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ Xo¿®-bm-bp-ap-≠v.

aX-Øns‚ AXn-cp-Iƒ°-IØv HXp-ßn-\n∂ ]cn-jvI-c-W-]-ÿm-\-

ß-sf√mw bYm¿∞ h¿§-]-iv\-ßƒ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂-Xn¬

]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw AXn-\m¬ Ahbv°v auen-I-amb kmaq-lnI ]cn-

h¿Ø\w hcp-Øm≥ Ign-bmsX hcn-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Cu ASn-ÿm\ [mc-W-I-fn¬ Du∂p-∂-XmWv aX-tØm-Sp≈ Rß-

fpsS kao-]-\w. 1909 sabv- ¬ se\n≥ C]-Imcw Fgp-Xn. ""Hcp tkmjy-

enÃv ]m¿ńsb kw_-‘n®v aXw Hcp kzImcy hnj-b-am-bn-cn-°p-I-

bn-√. F∂m¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v, Ah¿ DØ-a-hn-izm-k-ap≈ tkmjy-

en-Ãp-Iƒ IqSn-bm-sW-¶n¬ ]m¿ń AwKXzw \ntj-[n°pw F∂v CXn-

\¿∞an-√. \nco-iz-c-hm-Z-Øn\v ]m¿ń]-cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ ÿm\-ap-≠m-bn-

cn-°n-√. apX-em-fn-Ø-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb ka-c-Ønse sFIy-amWv kz¿§-

Ønse Imcy-ßsf kw_-‘n-®p≈ GIm-`n-]m-b-sØ-°mƒ Gsd

][m-\-am-bn- p-≈-Xv.'' 1913- ¬ Ãmen≥ ]kvXm-hn-®Xv ""F√m kap-Zm-

b-°m¿°pw Xß-fpsS hnizmkw kzX-¥-ambn A\p-jvTn-°m-\p≈

Ah-Im-isØ ]m¿ń kwc-£n-°-Ww'' F∂mWv. Iyq_-bn¬

tkmjy-enÃv hnπhw Ign™v GXm≠v Ac-\q-‰m-≠n\p tijhpw

aXw \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-sh∂v amX-a-√, hnizm-kn-bmWv F∂ ImcWw

sIm≠v Hcmƒ°pw IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-bn¬ AwKXzw \ntj-[n-°p-

∂p-an-√. IΩyq-Wn-Ãmb nU¬Im-kvtSm-bpsS D‰-kp-lr-Ømb sh\n-

kq-e-bnse CS-Xp-]£ ]knU‚ v lyqtKm jmthkv Xms\mcp

ItØm-en°m hnizm-kn-bm-sW-∂v Bh¿Øn®v ]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v.


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

\n°-cm-tKz-bnse Um\n-b¬ H¿tS-KbpsS \h-en-_-d¬ \b-ßsf ]Xn-

tcm-[n-°p∂ Zcn-Z-]£ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ°v Dd® cm„ob ]n¥pW \¬Ip-

∂-h-cn¬ ssIkvX-h-k-`-I-fp-ap-≠v. ChnsS tIc-f-Øn-em-sW-¶n¬

hnhn[ P\-hn-`m-K-ß-fpsS hnizm-k-kzm-X¥yw kwc-£n-°m≥ \S-

Ønb t]mcm- -ß-fm¬ kar-≤-amWv CS-Xp-]-£-Øns‚ Ncn-Xw. PmXo-

b-amb D®-\o-N-Xz-ß-fpsS t]cn¬ t£X-]-th-i-\m-h-Imiw t\Sp--

∂-Xn-\p≈ ka-c-ß-fpsS ap∂-Wn-bn¬ tIc-f-Ønse CS-Xp-]-£-i-

‡n-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

Rm≥ C°m-cy-ß-sf√mw ]cm-a¿in-®Xv CS-Xp-]-£-Øns‚

cm„obw aX-tØbpw hnizm-k-tØbpw FXn¿°p-Itbm Ah-K-Wn-

°p-I-tbm sNøp-∂n√ F∂v hy‡-am-°m≥ th≠n amX-am-Wv. Zi-e-

£-°-W-°n\p a\p-jy-cpsS a\- n¬ Bg-Øn¬ thtcm-Snb aX-hn-

izmkw _ew ]tbm-Kn®v apdn-®p-am-‰m-sat∂m X¬ÿm-\Øv as‰mcp

]Xy-b-imkvXw IrXn-a-ambn sh®p-]n-Sn-∏n-°m-sat∂m D≈ -bm-sXmcp

hymtam-lhpw Rßƒ°n-√. Ncn-XsØ kw_-‘n® icnbmb [mc-

W-bp≈ Bcpw CØcw Akw-_‘ Bi-b-ßsf Xmtem-en-°p-I-

bn-√. Rßƒ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ IW-°m-°p-∂Xv kmaq-ly-hy-h-ÿ-

bpsS D]-cn-L-S-\-bpsS mKw F∂ \ne-bn¬ Hcp h¿§-c-lnX kaq-

l-Øns‚ Bhn¿`m-h-Øn-\p-ti-jhpw Ipd-®p-Imew IqSn aXw \ne-

\n¬°m-\n-S-bp-≠v F∂m-Wv. Hcp h¿§-c-lnX kaq-l-Øn¬ c-W-

Iq-S-Øns‚ Bh-iy-an-√m-Xm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw AXv sImgn-™p-t]m-hp-

Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse AXns‚ ZuXyw \n¿∆-ln®p Ign-™m¬

aXhpw Ime-I-a-Øn¬ \njvI-an-°pw. thsdmcp hn[-Øn¬ ]d-

™m¬, aXw ]k-‡-am-bn-cn-°p-∂n-S-tØmfw Imew a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-

Øn¬ AXv \ne-\n¬°pw. Hcp Nqj-W-hn-ap‡ kaqlw ÿm]n-°-

s∏Sp-∂-Xp-hsc Xo¿®-bmbpw aX-Øn\v ]k-‡n-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.

CXp-t]m-semcp hnj-bsØ kw_-‘n® GsXmcp kwhm-Z-Ønepw

h¿§o-b-X, aX-au-en-I-hm-Zw, aX-Xo-h-hmZw F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn®v ]cm-

a¿in-°m-Xn-cn-°m-\m-hn-√. Ing-°≥ bqtdm-∏nse tkmjy-enÃv tNcn-

bpsS XI¿®-tbbpw GI-[p-h-tem-I-Øns‚ DZ-b-Øn-s‚bpw

XpS¿∂p≈ Ime-b-f-hn¬ temI-ØmsI CXp-t]m-ep≈ ]h-W-X-

Iƒ h≥tXm-Xn¬ hf¿∂p-h-cn-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cu ]h-W-X-Iƒ°v

bYm¿∞-a-Xhpw hnizm-k-hp-ambn bmsXmcp _‘-hp-an√ F∂v ChnsS

91Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


k∂n-ln-X-cm-bn- p≈ _lp-am\y ]fin-X-∑m¿ kΩ-Xn°pw F∂v F\n-

°p-d-∏p-≠v. aXw cm„o-bm-h-iy-ßƒ°v Zpcp-]-tbm-K-Ø-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-

Xns‚ ê-amWv A`n-Im-ay-a-√mØ Cu kw`-h-hn-Im-k-ß-sf-√mw.

CSp-ßnb aX-]-c-amb Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ cm„o-b-Øns‚ tIµ-ÿm-\Øv

Bkq-Xn-X-ambn ]Xn-jvTn-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ kp]-[m-\-amb ASn-ÿm\

]iv\-ß-fn¬ \ns∂√mw P\-ß-fpsS i≤ hgn-Xn-cn-®p-hn-S-s∏-Spw. P\-

ß-fpsS sFIyw inYn-eo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ÿm]nX Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ

i‡n-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw. Aßns\ _nójv c-W-Im-e-sØ-t∏mse

Ct∏mgpw aXw n∂n-∏n®p cn-°-ens‚ Bbp-[-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-

Sp∂p. Cu \S-]Sn XS-bp-hm-\p≈ DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw cm„ob˛aX t\Xr-

Xz-ßƒ°v Hcp-t]m-se-bp-≠v. h¿§o-b-X-bpƒs∏-sS-bp≈ Xn∑-Isf

t]m‰n-h-f¿Øp∂ Ahn-ip-≤kJyw aX-tØbpw cm„o-b-tØbpw Hcp-

t]mse Zqjn-X-am-°p-∂p. Cu hn`m-Kob ]h-W-X-Isf XS-bm-\p≈

GI-am¿§w aX-\n-c-t]-£-X-bpsS XXz-ßƒ apdp-sI-∏n-Sn-°pI F∂-

Xm-Wv. aXhpw cm„o-bhpw ]c-kv]cw AXn-I-an-®p-I-S-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥

Atßb‰w i≤ ]pe¿tØ-≠-Xp-≠v. Cu ho£Ww ss__nƒ

t]mepw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.

N¿® sNø-s∏-tS≠ as‰mcp ]iv\w BtKm-f-h¬°-cW ]In-

b-bpsS kzm[o-\-am-Wv. BtKm-f-h¬°-c-W-Øns‚ Cu L -Øns‚

khn-ti-jX [\-aq-e-[-\-Øns‚ ka-Km-[n-]-Xy-am-Wv. Cu ka-Km-

[n-]-Xy-Øn\p Iogn¬ am\p-jn-Ihpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb F√m _‘-

ßfpw Itºm-f-_-‘-ß-fmbn ]cn-h¿Ø\w sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu Nc-

°p-h¬°cW ]In-b-bn¬ \n∂v a\p-jy\pw ssZhhpw XΩn-ep≈

]hn-X-_-‘w-t]mepw hnap-‡-a-√. sRń-∏n-°p∂ aqey-tim-j-W-ßfpw

hfs®m-Sn-°-ep-Ifpw CXns‚ e-ambn kw -hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-

Wv. ItØm-en-°m-k-`-bpsS ]c-am-Nm-cy-\mb t]m∏ns‚ Xs∂

]kvXm-h\ ÿnXn-K-Xn-I-fpsS Kuchw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v.

At±lw ]kvXm-hn-®Xv Aan-X-amb uXn-I-k-ºØv Bflob Zmcn-

Zy-Øn-te°v \bn-°p∂p F∂m-Wv. hcp-am-\-Øn-s‚bpw kº-Øn-

s‚bpw AanX tIµo-I-cWw Cu BtKm-f-h¬°rX temIØv

ZmcnZyw h¿≤n-∏n®p F∂Xv sXfn-bn-°-s∏´ Imcy-am-Wv. sFIy-

cm„ GP≥kn-bpsS Nne ÿnXn hnh-c-°-W-°p-Iƒ t\m°q˛

""G‰hpw kº-∂-cmb aq∂p tImSo-iz-c-∑m-cpsS BkvXn-Iƒ temI-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Ønse G‰hpw Ahn-I-kn-X-amb cmPy-ß-fp-sSbpw Ahbn¬ A[n-

h-kn-°p∂ 600 Zi-e£w a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw samØw tZio-b-h-cp-am-

\tØ°mƒ IqSp-X-emWv!'' 45 cmPy-ßƒ 1990-˛¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xn-

t\-°mƒ Zcn-Z-cmbn C∂v amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ t]m∏v Nq≠n-

°m-Wn-°p-∂-sX-¥mWv? uXn-I-amb ZmcnZyw amX-a√ Bflob Zmcn-

Zyhpw h¿≤n-°p-I-bm-Wv. c≠n-s‚bpw ImcWw H∂p-Xs∂ kº-

Øns‚ Aan-X-amb tIµo-I-cWw. GXm≠v 150 h¿jw apºv Xß-

fpsS ""P¿Ω≥ sFUn-tbm-fPn'' F∂ hnJym-X-Ir-Xn-bn¬ am¿Ivkpw

GwK¬kpw kam-\-am-sbmcp \nco-£Ww \S-Øn-bn- p-≠v. Ah¿ Fgp-

Xn˛ ""F√m _‘-ß-sfbpw hmWn-Py-h¬°-cn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS aX-sØ

bpw [m¿Ωn-I-X-tbbpw XpS-®p-\o-°p-∂-Xn\v As√-¶n¬ Ahsb shdp-

samcp ]®-\p-W-bm°n Npcp-°p∂Xn\v hyh-kmbw AXns‚ Ign-hn-

s\mØv ]cn-i-an-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.'' Hcp \q‰m-≠n-\p-tijw

Imcy-ßƒ IqSp-X¬ tami-am-bn-t -bp-≈q. BƒssZ-h-ßƒ Bhn¿`hn-

°p-∂-Xn-s‚bpw iX-tIm-Sn-I-fpsS Bflo-b-hym-]-\-Øn-s‚bpw

Bflob X´n-∏p-I-fp-sSbpw dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ aX-Øn-s‚bpw hnizm-k-

Øn-s‚bpw afi-e-Ønse hn]Wn i‡n-I-fpsS \pg-™p-I-b-‰-

Øns‚ e-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Hcp Imcyw hy‡-am-Wv. hnizm-k-

Øn\pw Bflo-b-Xbv°pw t\sc Db-cp∂ sh√p-hnfn \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-

I-fn¬\n-∂√ Itºmf auenIhmZ-Øns‚ i‡n-I-fn¬ \n∂m-Wv.

aX-au-en-I-hm-Zn-Ifpw Itºmf auen-I-hm-Zn-Ifpw XΩn¬ \ne-

\n¬°p∂ kam-[m-\-]-c-amb kl-h¿Øn-Xz-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn aX-

ßƒ°-I-Øp-Xs∂ sNdp-Øp-\n¬∏p-≠m-hWw. cm„o-bhpw CXn-\-

]-hm-Z-a-√. cm„o-b-cw-KØp ]S-cp∂ Agn-a-Xn, IpXn-c-°-®-h-S-sØ-

°p-dn-®p≈ A\n-tj-[y-amb hm¿Ø-Iƒ, F√m-Ø-c-Øn-ep≈

A[m¿ΩnI ]h-W-X-I-fp-sSbpw hym]\w F∂n-h-sb√mw A\n-b-

¥n-X-amb apX-em-fnØ BtKm-f-h¬°-c-W-Øns‚ ]Xym-Lm-X-ß-

fm-Wv. \h-en-_-d-enkw hcp-Øn-sh® hnizm-k-Ø-I¿®sb adn-I-S-

°m≥ aXhpw cm„o-bhpw Dƒs∏sS Pohn-X-Øns‚ F√m taJ-e-I-

fnepw kXy-k-‘-amb Bfl-]-cn-tim-[-\bpw [oc-amb ]pXnb \S-]-

Sn-Ifpw hfsc AXym-h-iy-am-Wv.

\mw A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNtø≠ bYm¿∞-]-iv\-ßfpw ASn-b-

¥n-c-amb sh√p-hn-fn-Ifpw Ch-bm-sW∂v F\n-°p-tXm-∂p-∂p. Cu

93Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


sh√p-hn-fn-Isf t\cn-Sp-∂-Xn¬ ]c-kv]c kl-I-c-W-Øn\v [mcmfw

km[y-X-I-fp-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v Cu kµ¿`w A¿∞-iq-\y-amb hnhm-

Z-ßƒ°p-≈-X-√. A¿∞-]q¿Æ-amb kwhm-Z-ßƒ°p-≈-Xm-Wv.

aXhpw cm„o-bhpw XΩn-ep≈ P\m-[n-]-Xy-]-c-amb Hcp kwhm-Z-

Øn¬ Cu ]m¿e-sa‚ v Hcp \mgn-I-°-√m-bn-Øo-cp-sa∂v Rm≥ ]Xym-

in-°p-∂p. h¿§o-b-X, aX-au-en-I-hm-Zw, aX-Xo-h-hm-Zw, ZmcnZyw F∂n-

h-bvs°√mw FXn-cmb ]mtbm-KnI ka-c-Øn¬ \ΩpsS ]Xy-b-im-

kvX-]-c-amb \ne-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ Hcp Xo¿∏n\pw Xøm-dm-ImsX Xs∂

\ap°v ssItIm¿°mw F∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠v Rm≥ D]-kw-l-cn-°p-

∂p. Fs∂ £am-]q¿∆w ihn® Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw \µn-tc-J-s∏-Sp-

Øp-∂p.

2008 BK-Ãn¬ Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv tN¿∂

tZiob aX ]m¿e-sa‚n¬

Ah-X-cn-∏n® ]_‘w


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

awK-em-]pcØv hnS¿∂ hnj-Øm-ac

AhnsS `b-amWv `cn-°p-∂-Xv F∂v s_¿tXmƒUv s_lvXv

]d-™Xv \mkn P¿Ω-\n-sb-°p-dn-®m-bn-cp-∂p. C∂v awK-em-]p-c-Øn\pw

s_lvXns‚ hm°p-Iƒ _m[-I-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. awK-em-]pcw

C¥ybnse At[m-tem-I-Øns‚ Ip]-kn≤ Xmh-f-ß-fn-sem-∂mWv

F∂v \ap°v t\c-sØ-b-dn-bmw. At[m-temI cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS

ssIbq°pw Im´p-\o-Xnbpw awK-em-]p-cØv apºp-Xs∂ bw hnX-®n-

´p≠v. awK-em-]pcw cn-®p-h∂ kmº-ØnI At[m-tem-I-Øn-s\m∏w

]pXn-sbmcp kmwkvIm-cnI At[m-tem-I-Øns‚ hnj-hr-£-ßƒ IqSn

awK-em-]p-c-Øns‚ Imhn \nd-ap≈ aÆn¬ hf¿∂p-h-∂p-Xp-S-ßn-bncn-

°p-∂p. AXn-sem-∂mWv ]tamZv apØ-enJv F∂ lnµpXz `m¥≥

\bn-°p∂ iocmw tk\. (Xo¿®-bmbpw awK-em-]p-cØv thcp-d-∏n®

kmº-ØnI At[m-tem-I-sØbpw kmwkvIm-cnI At[m-tem-I-

sØbpw _‘n-∏n-°p∂ Nne s]mXp-I-Æn-I-fp-≠v. AXn-s\-°p-dn-

®p≈ At\z-jWw Cu teJ-\-Øns‚ hnj-b-a-√).

Hfn-™p-t\m-´-°m¿

iocm-a-tk\ F∂ Inan-\¬ kwL-Øns‚ kao-]-Im-esØ Nne

]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ tZiob Xe-Øn¬ \Sp-°hpw ]Xn-tj-[hpw D≠m-

°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. AXn-sem∂v P\p-hcn 26-˛\v dn∏-ªnIv Zn\-Øn¬

awK-em-]p-csØ ]∫p-I-fn¬ AXn-I-an-®p-I-S∂v s]¨Ip-´n-I-sf-

t∏mepw Iqc-ambn BI-an® kw`-h-am-Wv. sSen-hn-j≥ Nm\-ep-I-

fn¬ I≠ Zriy-ßƒ oXn-bp-f-hm-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. B A]-cn-jvIrX

95Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


\S-]-Snsb \ymbo-I-cn®v iocm-a-tk\ XpS¿∂v ojWn apg-°n-bXv

s^_p-hcn ]Xn-\m-en\v hme-ss‚≥ Zn\m-tLm-j-ßƒs°-Xn-cm-bn´m-

bncp-∂p. hme-ss‚≥ Zn\w ]¶n-Sp∂ Ian-Xm-°sf Hfn-Iym-ad D]-

tbm-Kn®p Is≠Øn X¬£Ww hnhmlw Ign-∏n-°p-sa-∂mWv ]Jym-

]-\w. CXn-\mbn Xmenbpw ]qPm-cn-bp-ambn iocm-a-tk-\mw-K-ßƒ

B Znhkw tdm¥p-Np-‰p-a-sX. aq∂m-a-tØXv A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬

cmPysØ apgp-h≥ \Sp-°nb kw -h-am-Wv. at©-izcw Fw.--F¬.-F.

kn F®v Ip™-ºp-hns‚ aIƒ ipXn awK-em-]p-c-Øp≈ tImtf-Pn-

tebv°v _ n¬ t]mIp-tºmƒ kl-]m-Tn-bpsS ktlm-Z-c-\mb ap…nw

Ip´n-tbmSv kwkm-cn-®-Xns‚ t]cn¬ c≠p-t]-scbpw _ n¬\n-∂n-

d°n A⁄m-X-tI-µ-Øn-te°v sIm≠p-t]mbn Iqc-ambn a¿±n-°p-

I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Cu aq∂p kw`-h-ßƒ tN¿Øp-hm-bn-®m¬ awK-em-]p-cØv C∂v

\ne-\n¬°p∂ oXn-Xamb A¥-co£w Xncn-®-dn-bm-\m-Ipw. A\y-a-

X-ÿ-\mb kplr-Øn-t\mSv an≠m≥t]mepw `b-s∏-tS≠ ÿnXn.

Ab¬°m-ct\m ]cn-N-b-°m-ct\m Bb ap…n-ans\ I≠m¬ A]cn-

Nn-X-s\-t∏mse apJw-Xn-cn®p \S-°-Ww. kvIqƒ Ip´n-Iƒt]mepw

At\ym\yw an≠n-t∏m-bm¬ BI-an-°-s∏-t -°mw. _ ntem s]mXp-

ÿ-etØm hnZym-e-b-Øntem Fhn-sS-sh®pw \nßƒ th´-bm-S-s∏-

Smw. ]W-bn-°p-∂-h¿ kq£n-°p-I. awK-em-]p-csØ sIm®p lnµp-

cm-jvS-Øn¬ ]Wbw \ntcm-[n-®n-cn-°p∂p! ]Wbw I≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥

ss_t\m-°p-edpw Hfn-Iym-a-d-bp-ambn Hfn-™p-t\m-´-°m-cmb Ipsd

lnµp-Xz-t_m-d-∑m¿ iocm-as‚ t]cn¬ Cd-ßn-bn- p-≠v.

[m¿an-I-X-bp-sSbpw kZm-Nm-c-Øn-s‚bpw kwkvIm-c-Øn-s‚bpw

kzbw ]Jym-]nX Imh-em-fp-I-fmbn Na-bp-∂Xv temI-Ønse√mbn-

SØpw F√m Ime-Øp-ap≈ aX-Xo-h-hm-Zn-I-fp-sSbpw mkn-Ãp-I-fp-

sSbpw s]mXp-hmb coXnimkvX-am-Wv. kZm-Nm-c-Øn-s‚bpw [m¿Ωn-

I-X-bp-sSbpw t]cn¬ P\m-[n-]-Xyw, aX-\n-c-t]-£-X, a\p-jym-h-Im-

i-ßƒ, hy‡n-kzm-X¥yw F∂o k¶-ev]-ß-tfbpw B[p-\nI aqey-

ß-tf-bp-amWv Ch¿ \nc-¥cw IS-∂m-I-an-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu

BI-a-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw ]I-Shpw it≤-bhpw Bh¿Øn-°-s∏- p-sIm-

t≠-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb hkvXpX aX-Xo-h-hm-Zn-I-fpsS kvXohn-cp-≤-

X-bm-Wv.


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

\xkvXo kzmX-¥y-a¿lXn

iocm-a-tk\ Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn-°p∂ ]Xy-b-imkvXw lnµp-Xz-Øn-

t‚-Xm-Wv. Ah-cp-sS cm„ob e£y-am-Is´ lnµp-cm-„-hp-am-Wv.

iocm-a-tk-\-sb-t∏m-ep≈ lnµp-Xz-i-‡n-I-sf√mw A®-S-°-tØmsS

AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ mhn lnµp-cm-„-Øns‚ \nb-a-kw-ln-X-bm-Is´ a\p-

kvar-Xn-bp-am-Wv. a\p-kvar-Xn-bnse kvXohn-cp-≤¿°v hni-Zo-I-c-W-

ßƒ Bh-iy-an-√. Iuam-c-Øn¬ ]nXmhpw buh-\-Øn¬ ¿Ømhpw

hm¿≤Iy-Øn¬ ]pX\pw kwc-£n-t°-≠-h-fmb kvXo kzmX-¥y-

a¿ln-°p-∂n√ F∂v Ak-µn-Kv[-ambn ]Jym-]n-®n- p≈ lnµp-Xz-Øns‚

`c-W-L-S-\-bm-W-Xv. B c-W-L-S-\-tbmSp Iqdp ]pe¿Øp∂ iocm-

a-ssk-\n-I¿ hne-°p-Iƒ ewLn-°p∂ kvXoIsf Fß-s\-bmWv

t\cn-SpI? B t\cn-S-ens‚ coXn-bmWv awK-em-]p-c-Øp-\n-∂-t∏mƒ

X¬k-abw ImWp-∂-Xv. ]∫v BI-an® apØ-eo-Jns‚ Kp≠m-

kwLw s]¨Ip- n-Isf apSn-°p-Øn-\p-]n-Sn®v hen-®n-g-®Xpw \ne-Øn v

aXn-h-cp-thmfw a¿±n-®Xpw \mw I≠p. ]≠v Iuc-h-k- -bn-en v Zu]-

Xnsb apSn-°p-Øn-\p-]n-Sn®v hen-®n-g-bv°p-Ibpw hkvXm-t£]w

sNbvXv A]-am-\n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX Zp»m-k-\s\ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p∂p

apØ-eo-Jns‚ Iiva-e-∑m¿.

kvXoIƒ°v ]tXyI hkvX-[m-c-W-®´w ASn-t®-ev]n-°m-\p≈

ia-ßƒ ]cn-hm¿ lnµpXz kwL-S-\-I-fmb F _n hn ]nbpw in-h-

tk-\-bp-sa√mw ]e-t∏mgpw \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. F _n- hn ]n ]Jym-

]n® hkvX-[m-c-W-®´w ]men-°m-Ø-Xns‚ t]cn¬ Nne DØ-tc-¥y≥

k¿h-I-em-im-e-I-fn¬ s]¨Ip- n-I-fp-sSbpw A[ym-]n-I-am-cp-sSbpw

Xe-bn¬ Icn-Hm-bn¬ Hgn® kw`hw Ipd-®p-h¿jw apºv D≠m-bn-cp-

∂p. U¬ln-bn¬ _n sP ]n k¿°m¿ A[n-Im-c-Øn-en-cp-∂-t∏m-gm-

Is´ kvIqƒ hnZym¿∞n-\n-Iƒ ap´p-a-d-bv°mØ hkvXw [cn-°m≥

]mSn√ F∂ DØ-c-hn-d-°n-bXv hnhm-Z-am-bn-cp-∂p. kvXoIƒ `mc-

Xob thjw amXta [cn-°mhq F∂ kwL-]-cn-hm¿ \ne-]mSv \S-∏n-

em -°m -\m -bn -cp∂p iaw. F∂m¬ GXmWv C¥y-bn¬

kvXoIƒ°msI _m[-I-amb Hcp s]mXp `mc-Xob thjw F∂

tNmZyw Db¿∂p-hcp∂p. C¥y-sb-t∏mse Bg-ta-dnb sshhn-[y-

ßfpw kmwkvIm-cnI sshPm-Xy-ß-fp-ap≈ Hcp cmPyØv kvXoIƒ°v

s]mXp-thjw ASn-t®-ev]n-°p-∂Xv kvXohn-cp-≤-X-tbm-sSm∏w

97Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


kmwkvIm-cnI _lp-kz-c-Xsb \ntj-[n-°epw IqSn-bmWv. _n sP

]n t\XrXzw \¬Ip∂ k¿°m¿ tIµ-Øn¬ A[n-Im-c-Øn-en-cp-∂-

t∏mƒ Xøm-dm-°nb kvIqƒ ]mTy-]-≤Xn AXnse h¿Kob D≈-S-°-

tØm-sSm∏w kvXohn-cp-≤-X-bpsSIqSn t]cn-emWv Gsd ]Xn-tj[w

Db¿Øn-b-Xv. s]Ïp- n-Iƒ°v Krl- -cWw ]Tn-∏n-°-W-sa-∂m-bn-

cp∂p ]mTy-]-≤Xn A\p-im-kn-®-Xv. A\y-Pm-Xn-bntem aX-Øntem

s]´ ]pcp-j-∑msc ]W-bn®v hnhmlw Ign-°p∂ kvXoIsf IpSpw-

_-Øns‚ am\w kwc-£n-°m≥ sIm√p∂ BZ-c-l-Xy-Iƒ(HonourKilling) lnµp-Xz-i-‡n-Iƒ°v kzm[o-\-ap≈ ]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ ]Xn-hmWv

F∂pw Hm¿°p-I. lnµp-Xz-i-‡n-Iƒ°v thtcm-´-ap≈ taJ-e-I-fn-

emWv s]¨`q-W-l-Xybpw IqSp-X-ep-≈Xv F∂ hkvXpX lnµp-Xz-

Øn¬ A¥¿eo-\-amb kvXohn-cp-≤-X-bpsS ]m›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv

a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xv. kvXosb _m[y-Xbpw ASn-abpw kzIm-cy-

kzØpw kzmX-¥y-a¿ln--°m-Ø-h-fp-ambn IW-°m-°p∂ lnµp-Xz-ho-

£-W-Øns‚ mknÃv ]tbmK ]≤-Xn-bmWv awK-em-]p-cØv I≠Xv.

Xmen-_m\pw a\p-kvar-Xnbpw

Cu kvXo hncp-≤-X-bm-Is´ lnµp-Xz-i-‡n-I-fpsS amXw apJ-ap-

Z-b-√. C…m-anI h¿Kob i‡n-I-fpƒs∏-sS-bp≈ F√m h¿Ko-b-˛-

aX Xoh-hm-Z-i-‡n-Ifpw Hcp-t]mse ]¶p--sh-°p-Ibpw Ah-ew-_n-

°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]Xn-tema \ne-]m-Sm-Wv. A^vKm-\n-ÿm-\nse

Xmen-_m\pw Imivao-cnse ejvI¿-˛-C˛-X-bv_bpw tIc-f-Ønse

F≥Un-F^pw h-sc-bp-≈-h¿ Hcp t]mse ISpØ kvXohn-cp-≤-X-

bpsS h‡m-°-fm-Wv. a‰p-]-e-Xp-sa-∂-t]mse lnµpXz-˛C-…m-anI

Xoh-hm--Z-i-‡n-Iƒ tbmPn-∏n-se-Øp∂ Hcp taJe kvXohn-cp-≤-X-

bp-tS-Xm-Wv F∂¿∞w. A vKm-\n-ÿm-\n¬ Xmen-_m≥ ta[m-hnXzw

t\Sn-b-tijw hnh-c-Wm-Xo-X-amb ZpcnXw G‰p-hm-ßn-bXv kvXoI-

fm-Wv. Ah¿ a[y-Ime ImS-Ø-Øns‚ Cc-I-fm-bn-Øo¿∂p.

s]Ïp-ń-I-fpsS hnZym-`ymkw \ntcm-[n-®p. ASpØ _‘p-hmb

]pcp-j-t\m-sSm∏w amXta kvXoIƒ ]pdØn-d-ßmhq F∂mWv Xmen-

_ms‚ DK-im-k-\w. ewLn-®m¬ hne \¬tI-≠n-h-cnI kz¥w

Poh≥ Xs∂. s]Ïp- n-Iƒ _‘p-°-tfm-sSm-∏ta ]pd-Øn-d-ßmhq

F∂mWv iocm-a-tk-\-bp-sSbpw \ne-]m-Sv. Fs¥mcp kam-\X! a\p-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

kvar-Xn-bpsS Iev]-\-Iƒ ]men-°p-∂-Xns‚ Xm-en-_m\pw iocm-a-tk-

\bpw XΩn¬ Fs¥mcp tbmPn-∏v. Imivao-cnse Xoh-hm-Zn-I-fm-hs´

s]Ïp- n-Iƒ°v hkvX-[m-c-W-®n- bpw _p¿Jbpw \n¿_-‘n-X-am-

°p-Ibpw AXp \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øm≥ A¥y-im-k\w \¬Ip-Ibpw

sNbvXp. A¥y-im-k\w kabw Ign™pw _p¿J [cn-°m-Ø-Xns‚

t]cn¬ tImtfPv hnZym¿∞n-\n-Isf shSn-sh-®p-sIm∂ kw -h-ßfpw

\nc--h-[n. Imivao-cn¬ hoSp-Iƒ ssItbdn c£n-Xm-°sf òj-Wn-

s∏-SpØn s]Ïp- n-Isf Xoh-hm-Zn-Iƒ \n¿_-‘n®v hnhmlw sN-

øp-∂Xpw IS-Øn-s°m-≠p-t]m-Ip-∂Xpw ]Xnhp kw -h-ßƒ.

]mIn-ÿm-\nse kzmØv Xmgvhc ]nSn-®-S-°nb Xmen-_m≥ A\p-

Iqe C…m-anI Xoh-hm-Zn-Iƒ BZyw e£yw h®Xv kvXo kzmX-

¥y-sØ-bm-Wv. Ign™ P\p-hcn 15 Xmen-_m≥ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn®

Iev]\ kzmØnse tKƒkv kvIqfp-I-sf√mw AS-®p-]q- -W-sa-∂mWv.

F¨]-Xn-\m-bncw s]Ïp- n-IfpsS hnZym- ym-k-am-Wn-ßs\ apS-ßn-

b-Xv. \n›nX Xnø-Xn-°Iw ]q´m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ 183 kvIqfp-I-fmWv

kzmØn¬ XI¿Øp-I-f-™Xv (The Hindu, 21-01-09)

Xmen-_ms‚ tIcf ]Xn-∏mb F≥UnF v ChnsS sNøp-∂Xpw

hyXy-kvX-a-√. aX \nc-t]-£- -P-\m-[n-]Xy i‡n-Iƒ°v Bg-Øn¬

thtcm- -ap-≈-Xp-sIm≠v F≥Un-F v BK-ln-°p-∂-sX√mw sN-øm≥

Ign-bp-∂n-s√∂v amXw. apØ-eo-Jns‚ iocm-a-tk-\-sb-t∏mse

]Wbw \ntcm-[n-°p-∂-h-cmWv F≥Un-F^pw. F≥Un-F-^ns‚

in£m-\n-b-a-]-Imcw ]W-b-Øn-\p≈ ]c-am-h[n in£ h[n-in-£-

X-s∂. Imk¿tIm´v ap…nw s]Ïp-ńsb ]W-bn®v hnhmlw

sNbvX Ip‰-Øn-\mWv bqØv tIm¨K v t\Xmhv _me-Ir-jvWs\

Ah¿ shń-s°m-∂-Xv. kzk-ap-Zm-b-Ønse sNdp-∏-°m-cs\ ]W-

bn®v hnhmlw Ign-®-Xns‚ t]cn¬ at©-cn-bnse Xkv\n-_m-\p-sh∂

s]Ïp- nsb F≥Un-F- p-Im¿ th -bm-Sn-bXv tIcfw ad-∂n-cn-°m-

\n-S-bn-√. ap…ow s]Ïp- n-I-fp-ambn kwkm-cn-°p∂ BÏp- n-I

sf Is≠-Øm\pw Ah¿°v ssItbm-sS-Xs∂ in£ \¬Im-\p-

ambn Xß-fpsS kzm[o\ tIµ-ß-fn¬ kZm-Nm-c-t∏m-eo-kns\ \ntbm-

Kn-°p∂ coXn F≥Un-F- n\pw A\y-a-√. AØcw \nc-h[n kw -h-

ßƒ dnt∏m¿´p sNø-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. ]W-b-th-´-bnepw Hfn-™p-t\m-´-

Ønepw F≥Un-F^v iocm-a-tk-\°p ]n∂n-embn F∂ Zpjvt]cv

99Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


D≠m-In-s√∂pd-∏v. ae-∏p-dØv cmXn-bn¬ s]mXp-h-gn-bn¬ I≠-Xns‚

t]cn¬ k∑m¿K-ew-L\w Btcm-]n®v aq∂v kvXoIsf sam- -b-Sn-®-X-

S-°-ap≈ kZm-Nm-c-t∏m-eo-kns‚ IrXy-\n¿∆--lWw kvXpXy¿l-am-

bn-Øs∂ Ah¿ ]men-®p-t]m-∂n- p-≠v.

kmwkvIm-cnI Im]Syw

kmwkvIm-cnI A]-N-b-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb bp≤-]-Jym-]-\hpw F√m

aX-Xo-h-hm-Zn-I-fp-sSbpw ^mkn-Ãp-I-fp-sSbpw ÿncw X¥-am-Wv.

kwkvImcw Ah¿°v kz¥w k¶p-NnX cmjvSob e£y-ßƒ°p≈

Hcp ad amXw. kmwkvIm-cnI Po¿WX hf¿Øp∂ kmº-Øn-I-˛-

km-aqly kml-N-cy-ßsf FXn¿°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw Nne A]-N-b-

ßsf amXw AS¿Øn-sb-SpØv AXn-s\-Xn-cmbn bp≤w \S-Øp-Ibpw

sNøp-∂Xv \ng¬bp≤w amX-am-Wv. kmwkvIm-cnI Po¿W-X-s°-

Xnsc F∂ t]cn¬ XnI®pw ]Xn-tem-a-I-chpw P\-hn-cp-≤-hp-amb

kao-]-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v P\m-[n-]Xy Pohn-X-Øn-\p-t\sc IS-

∂m-I-aWw \S-Øp-I-bm-Wn-h¿ sNøp∂-Xv. Po¿W-X-°n-S-bm-°p∂

kml-N-cy-ßƒs°-Xn-cmb FXn¿∏ns\ hgn-Xn-cn-®p-hn-Sp-∂-Xn-eqsS

kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb Po¿W-X-Isf e-Øn¬ IqSp-

X¬ AKm-[-am-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ]∫v kwkvIm-chpw hmess‚≥

Zn\m-tLm-j-ß-fpsS t]cn-ep≈ ]W-b-ssh-Ir-X-ßfpw kvXo -]p-cpj

_‘-ß-fpsS I®-h-S-h¬-°-c-Whpw FXn¿°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-≠v.

F∂m¬ B FXn¿∏p-Iƒ P\m-[n-]-Xy-]-c-amb coXn-Ifpw Bi-b-

]NmcW-Øns‚ am¿§hpw IrXy-amb cmjvSob D≈-S-°-ap-≈-Xp-am-

h-Ww. BƒIq- -Øns‚ Acm-P-I-Xzhpw Kp≠m-hn-f-bm- -ßfpw kmwkv

Im-cnI ]-Xn-tcm-[-a√ IqSp-X¬ hj-fmb kwkvImc iq\y-X-bm-Wv.

FwF v lpssk≥ apX¬ Kpemw Aenbpw aΩq- nbpw hsc-bp≈

Iem-Im-c-∑msc th -bm-Sp-Ibpw _tcm-V-bq-Wn-th-gvkn-‰n-bnse NnX

]Z¿i-\-Øn\v Xo sImSp-°p-Ibpw hm´¿, b¿ XpS-ßn, Xßƒ°-

`n-a-X-a-√mØ kn\n-a-Iƒ°p-t\sc BI-aWw Agn-®p-hn-Sp-Ibpw \h-

h-’-c-tLm-j-ßfpw Inkvakv BtLm-j-ßfpw sshtZ-in-I-sa-∂m-

tcm-]n®v ssItb-dp-Ibpw sNbvXn- p≈ kwL-]-cn-hm-dns‚ mknÃv

kwkvIm-c-iq-\y-X-bpsS as‰mcp apJ-amWv awK-em-]p-cØp I≠-Xv.

tdUntbmbpw Snhnbpw kn\n-abpw kwKo-Xhpw \ntcm-[n® A vKm-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

\n-ÿms\ oI-c-am-sbmcp \c-I-am-°n-Øo¿Ø Xmen-_m\pw k¬am≥

dpjvZnbpw X…o-abpw AkvK¿ Aen F©n-\o-bdpw Iem-a-WvUew

sslZ-cm-enbpw kZ\w djoZpw Dƒs∏sS hepXpw sNdp-Xp-amb Fgp-

Øp-Im-scbpw Iem-Im-c-∑m-tcbpw th -bm-Snb C…m-anI Xoh-hm-Zn-

I-fpsS kw-kvIm-c-iq-\y-Xbpw kwL-]-cn-hm-dn\v H´pw ]n∂n-e-√. aX-

an-√mØ Pohs‚ t]cn¬ tIc-f-Ønse Ggmw-¢mkv ]mT-]p-kvXIw

Np´p-Nm-º-em-°-s∏-tS-≠-XmWv F∂v hn[n-®-Xn¬ lnµp-Xz- -C-…m-anI

h¿Kob i‡n-Iƒ Htc Xqh¬ ]£n-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xpw hnkva-

cn-®p-Iq-S. ]pkvXIw IØn-®Xpw kZm-Nm-chpw kwkvIm-chpw kwc-

£n-°p-∂-Xns‚ mK-am-sW-∂m-bn-cp-∂t√m Ccp-Iq- -cp-tSbpw \ymbw.

t]mf≠v ssIb-S-°nb \mkn-Iƒ BZyw sNbvXXv hniz-¢m-kn-°p-

Iƒ°v Xobn-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v ^mkn-Ãp-Iƒ°v

kwkvIm-c-tØm-Sp≈ kao-]\w hy‡-am-Ipw.

iocm-a-tk-\-bp-ambn _‘-an-s√∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ kwL-]--cn-

hmdpw _nsP-]nbpw Hmtcm BI-a-W-ß-sf-Øp-S¿∂pw Ahsc c£n-

°m-\p≈ \ymb-ßƒ \nc-Øp-I-bmWv. I¿Wm-S-I-Ønse _nsP]n

k¿°m-cm-Is´ i‡-amb Fs¥-¶nepw \S-]Sn Ah¿s°-Xnsc kzoI-

cn-°p-∂p-an-√.

iocm-a-tk-\sb c£n-°m-\p≈ kwL-]-cn-hm-dns‚ hyKX ad-

\o°n ]pd-Øp-h-∂-Xv kn F®v Ip™-ºp-hns‚ aI-fpsS ]iv\-Øn-

em-Wv. Ip™-ºp-hns‚ aIsf BI-an-®-h¿ Unssh-F- vsF ]h¿

Ø-I-cmWv F∂mWv kwL-- Sn-X-ambn kwL-]-cn-hm¿ ]N-cn-∏n-®-Xv.

AhnSw sIm≠pw \n¿ØmsX Ip™-ºp-X-s∂-bmWv cmjvSob t\ -

ap-≠m-°p-hm≥ Cu kw`hw Bkq-XWw sNbvXXv F∂p-hsc C°q-

´¿ ]d™p If™p! P¿a≥ ]m¿e-sa‚mb do®v ÃmKn\v Xo sImSp

Ø \mkn-Iƒ Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Im-cmWv AXp sNbvXXv F∂v ]N-cn-∏n-

®-Xn-t\m-S-√msX F¥n-t\m-SmWo \pWsb Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I.

Unssh-F- vsF t\Xm-°-fmb mkvIc Ipº-fbpw d -o°pw sIme-

sN-ø-s∏-´-t∏mgpw B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv Cß-s\-X-s∂-bmWv ]d-™-Xv.

\mKv]q-cn¬ \S∂ _n.-Pn.-]n. tZiob FIvkn-Iyq-´ohv tbmK-Øn¬

cmPv\m-YvknMv Ah-Im-i-s∏-´Xv Xßƒam-X-amWv Km‘n-in-jy¿

F∂m-W-t√m. Km‘n-in-jy-sc∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sm≥ aSn-°mØ Km‘n-

Lm-X-I¿°v F¥mWv ]d-™p-Iq-Sm-ØXv? F¥mWv sNbvXp-Iq-Sm-

101Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


ØXv? mknÃv Cc-´-Øm-∏n-s‚bpw Ah-k-c-hm-Z-Øn-t‚bpw \nIr-

jvS-amb DZmlc-W-am-Wn-Xv.

hnj-Øm-a-c-bpsS cmjvSobw

awK-em-]pcw kw -h-ß-fpsS cmjvSobw F¥mWv? I¿Wm-S-I-bn¬,

Z£n-tW-¥y-bn-em-Zy-ambn _nsP-]n-bpsS hnj-Øm-ac hncn-™-Xns‚

]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv At\z-jn-t°-≠-Xv. C¥y-bn¬ a‰p ]e-bn-SØp

-sa-∂-t]mse I¿Wm-S-I-bnepw _nsP-]n-bpsS A[n-Im-cm-tcm-lWw

lnµp-Xz-Xo-h-hm-Z-sØbpw h¿Kob [pho-I-c-W-sØbpw i‡n-s∏-

Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. iocm-a-tk-\-t]m-ep≈ lnµpXz am^nbm kwLß-

fpsS D¤-hhpw ]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw Cu cmjvSo-b-hp-ambn ]Xy-£-

ambn _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. iocm-a-tk\ kwL-]-cn-hm-dn¬ AwK-am-

bmepw Cs√-¶nepw Ccp-hcpw ]¶p-sh-°p-∂Xv Htc ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw

cmjvSo-b-hp-am-Wv. AXm-Is´ Xoh-ln-µp-Xz-Øn-t‚-Xp-am-Wv.

CØcw i‡n-Isf Cf-°n-hn-Sp-∂-Xn\p ]n∂n¬ Bk-∂-amb sXc-

s™-Sp∏p ap∂n¬I≠v Xoh-ln-µpXz \ne-]m-Sn-te-°p-≈ _nsP-]nbp

sS Nph-Sp-am-‰-hp-ap-≠v. \mKv]q-cn¬ AZzm-\n-bpsS ]kw-K-Øn¬ \nd-

™p-\n-∂-Xv. Pbv iocmw apZm-hm-Iy-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xv it≤-b-am-

Wv. cmas\ Xßƒ ad-∂n- n-s√-∂p≈ AZzm-\n-bpsS ]Jym-]\w sXc-

s™-Sp-∏ns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ AI-am-k‡ lnµp-Xz-Øn-te-°p≈

aS-ßn-t∏m-°n-s‚ kqN-\-bm-Wv. Cu aS-ßn-t∏m°v kao-]-ImeØv

_nsP-]n-°p-≠mb Xncn-®-Sn-I-fpsS \ncm-i-bpw-B-tKm-f-km-º-ØnI

]Xn-k-‘n-b-S-°-ap≈ k¶o¿Æ ka-ky-Isf A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sN

øm-\p≈ Ign-hn-√m-bvabpw P\-ßƒ°p ap∂n¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m-\p≈

Imcy-£-a-amb Hcp ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS A`m-hhpw \nan-Ø-am-Wv.

_nsP]n Xoh lnµp--Xz-Øn-te°v aS-ßp-I-b-√msX KXy-¥-c-an-

s√∂v \niv-N-bn-®p-d-∏n-®p-I-gn-™-tXmsS Hcp Imcyw kv]jvS-am-bn-cn-

°p-∂p. hcm-\n-cn-°p-∂Xv \yq\-]-£-ßƒ°pw Zfn-X¿°pw kvXoIƒ

°pw FXn-cmb ]pXnb IS-∂m-I-a-W-ß-fpsS then-tb-‰-am-bn-cn-°pw.

Ac-tß-dm-\n-cn-°p∂ B mknÃv BI-a-W-ß-fpsS apJ-hpc amX-

amWv awK-em-]pcw kw -h-ßƒ.

tZim- n-am\n hmcnI,

2009 s^_p-hcn


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Xmen-_m\pw kwL-]-cn-hmdpw

ip`hm¿Ø-I-sfm∂pw A vKm-\n-ÿm-\n¬\n∂v hcm-Xm-bn v Ime-

ta-sd-bm-bn- p-≠v. AXmcpw ]Xo-£n-°p-∂p-an-√. F∂m¬ A]-cn-jvIr-

XXzw Ac-ßp-hmW a[y-Im-e-Øns‚ IdpØ kvac-W-Iƒ DW¿Øp-

∂ hm¿Ø-Iƒ°v Ipd-hn√Xm\pw.

Ipcp-Xn-Ifpw sImSpw-]m-X-I-ßfpw Gsd sNbvXv Iø-d-∏p-am-dnb

Xmen-_m≥ oI-c¿ a\p-jy-cm-in-bpsS kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ Aaq-ey-ß-

fmb CuSp-h-bv]p-Iƒ°v t\sc-bmWv Bbp-[-ßƒ hn\y-kn-®n-cn-°p-

∂-Xv. Xmen-_m≥ ta[mhn ap√ A_vZp≈ Ha¿ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® I¬∏-

\-sb-Øp-S¿∂m-cw-`n® _man-bm-\nse _p≤-]-Xna XI¿°p∂

]Inb Ct∏mgpw A`w-Kpcw XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv. 1500 h¿jw ]g-°-ap-

≈Xpw temI-Øn¬ sh®v G‰hpw hen-b-Xp-amb ]Xn-a-I-fmWv

t_mw_pw sj√p-Ifpw D]-tbm-Kn®v A⁄m-X-amb Hcp ]I-tbmsS

Xmen-_m≥ \in-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]Xna XI¿°p-∂-Xn\v

Ah¿ ]d-bp∂ \ymbw hnK-l-ßƒ A\n-…m-anIamsW-∂m-Wv. Cu

\io-I-cW ]In-b-bn¬ \n∂v Xmen-_ms\ ]n¥n-cn-∏n-°m\pw A\p-

\-bn-∏n-°m-\p-ap≈ ia-ß-sf√mw ]cm-P-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. bp F≥

skI- dn P\-d¬ tIm^n A∂≥ Xs∂ cwK-sØ-Øn-bn´pw e-ap-

≠m-bn-√. A\n-…m-an-I-sa-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ]Xn-a-Isf Xmen-_m≥ A\-

`n-a-X-ambn ImWp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah hm-ßm≥ Xøm-dm-sW∂v Kokpw

\yqtbm¿°nse satSm-s]m-fo-‰≥ ayqkn-bhpw hmKvZm\w sNbvXn-cp-

∂p. F∂m¬ CXp-t]mepw \nc-kn® Xmen-_m≥ ]Xn-a-Iƒ apgp-h≥

XI¿Øp-\nc∏m-°ntb ASßq F∂ hmin-bn-em-Wv.

103Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


Xmen-_ms‚ Cu kwkvIm-c-cm-ln-Xy-Øn-s\-Xn-sc -temIw apgp-

h≥ ]Xn-tj[w Db¿Øn-°-gn-™p. Xmen-_m≥ k¿°m-cns\ AwKo-

I-cn-®n- p≈ temIsØ aqt∂-aq∂v k¿°m-cp-Iƒ ]mIn-ÿm≥, kuZn

Atd-_y, bp.-F.C F∂n-h-bmWv. Ah t]mepw ]Xna XI¿°¬

\S-]-Snsb ]n¥p-W-°p-∂n-√. C…m-an\v hncp-≤-sa∂ BtIm-i-hp-ambn

`m¥p-]n-Sn® aX-au-en-I-hm-Zn-Iƒ \S-Øp∂ IncmX ]hr-Ønsb

ap…nw kwL-S-\-Ifpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√. C…m-an-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ hnIr-

X-[m-c-W-Ifpw Jpdms‚ Zp¿∆m-b-\-bp-amWv Xmen-_m≥ \S-]-Sn-°m-

[m-cw F∂v Ah-sc√mw Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. kønZv jlm-_p-±n-s\-t∏m-

ep≈ C¥y-bnse ap…nw t\Xm-°ƒ Xmen-_m≥ \S-]Sn C…m-anI

hncp-≤hpw Ncn-X-tØm-Sp≈ ]mX-I-hp-am-sW-∂mWv hnti-jn-∏n-°p-

∂-Xv. Ncn-X-kvam-c-I-ßƒ GsX-¶nepw cmPy-Øn-s‚tbm k¿°m-cn-

s‚tbm aX-hn- m-K-Øn-s‚tbm amXw kzØ-s√∂pw AXv am\-h-cm-

in-°msI Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-Xm-sW∂pw Xmen-_m≥ \S-]-Sn-Isf

FXn¿°p-∂-h¿ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. ck-I-c-amb hkvXpX Xmen-_m≥

ImS-ØsØ FXn¿°p-∂-h¿s°m∏w hmPn-t]-bnbpw kwL-]-cn-hm-

chpw IqSn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv.

Ct∏mƒ Xmen-_ms\ FXn¿°p∂ kwL-]-cn-hm-dns‚ NcnXw

\·-ambn \ΩpsS apºn-ep-≠-t√m. ap°m¬ \q‰m-≠ns‚ If¶ ]¶n-

e-amb Ncn-X-Øn¬ Ah¿ sNbvXp-Iq- nb ]mX-I-ßfpw A\o-Xn-Ifpw

Xmen-_m-\p-ambn A¤p-X-I-c-amb kmZriyw ]pe¿Øp-∂-h-bm-Wv.

Xmen-_ms‚ `mt¥m-f-sa-Ønb C…m-ans‚ aX-au-en-I-hm-Zhpw kwL-

]-cn-hm-dns‚ XØp-ey-amb Xoh-X-bp≈ sslµh aX-au-en-I-hm-Zhpw

XΩn-ep≈ hyXym-k-Øns‚ AXn-cp-Iƒ GsX-¶nepw kq£va-Z¿in-

\n°p th¿Xn-cn-s®-Sp-°m-\m-hptam? Hc¿∞-Øn¬ Xmen-_ms‚

C¥y≥ ]Xnt∏m AtXm Cc- -k-tlm-Z-c≥ Xs∂tbm kwLv F∂p

tXm∂n-∏n-°pw-hn[w AXn-i-b-I-c-amWv. Cu kam-\-X shfn-hm-°p∂

FXtbm kµ¿`-ßƒ Ncn-X-Ønepw h¿Ø-am-\-Ønepw \ap°p

Is≠-Øm-\m-hpw. ]Xna XI¿°p-∂Xv XS-bm-s\-Ønb bp F≥

]Xn-\n-[n-tbmSv A vKm≥ hntZ-i-a¥n ]d-™Xv ""B¿°pw ]n¥n-

cn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-bmØ aX-]-c-amb ]iv\-am-Wn-Xv'' F∂m-bn-cp-∂p.

(Frontline March 30)kam-\-amb Hcp hmZw C¥y-bnepw Gsd apg-ßn-

t°- Xv Hm¿°p-∂nt√? ""tImS-Xn°pw \nbaØn\pw CS-s]-Sm≥ A[n-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Im-c-an-√mØ hnizm-k-Øns‚ ]iv\w'' F∂v ]d™v _m_dn

akvPnZv ]iv\sØ ]Xn-tcm-[n-°m≥ ian® B¿ Fkv Fkns‚

hmZ-Øn\v Xmen-_ms‚ mjy-hp-ambn F¥p hyXym-k-am-Wp-≈Xv?

_m_dn akvPnZv kwLw tN¿∂v BI-an®v XI¿Ø B¿ Fkv F-

kns‚ Incm-XXzw Xmen-_m≥ \S-]Sns°m∏w \n¬°m≥ A¿l-at√?

_m_dn akvPnZv XI¿Ø ÿeØv t£Xw ]Wn-bp-∂Xv tZio-b-

hn-Im-c-am-sW∂v ]d™v aX-`m-¥sc ]pfIw sIm≈n-°p∂

hmPvt]bn Xmen-_m≥ \S-]-Snsb FXn¿°p-∂Xv Bfl-h-©-\-b-

√msX as‰m-∂p-a-√. ]Xna XI¿°p-∂-Xns\ \ymboI-cn-°m≥ Xmen-

_m≥ Db¿Øp∂ Hcp hmZw _m_vdn akvPnZv XI¿Ø lnµp Xoh-

hm-Zn-I-fpsS \S-]-Sn-bm-sW∂pw Hm¿°-Ww. AXn-t\mSv kwL-]-cn-hm¿

kwL-S-\-bmb _-Pvdw-KvZ-fns‚ ]Xn-I-c-W-am-Is´ bm-\-I-hp-am-Wv.

Cu \S-]-Sn-bpsS ]Xym-LmXw C¥y-bnse ap-…oßƒ A\p- -hn-t°-

≠n-h-cp-sa-∂mWv _PvcwKvZ-fns‚ oj-Wn. aX-`m-¥n¬ BcmWv apºn-

se∂v a’-cn-°p-I-bm-Wn-h¿.

Xmen-_m≥ _man-bm-\nepw a‰pw _p≤ ]Xn-a-Iƒ XI¿°p-tºmƒ

kwL-]-cn-hmdpw AwK-kw-L-S-\-Ifpw ChnsS G¿s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xpw

hyXy-kvX-amb tPmen-bn-e√. \mSmsI IrkvXy≥ ]≈n-Ifpw Ipcn-

i-Sn-Ifpw F¥n--t\sd I\ym-a-T-ßfpw XI¿°p-I-bpw- I-\ym-kvXo-I-

sf-t∏mepw A]-am-\n-°p-I-bp-am-Wt√m B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. sNbvXp-h-

cp-∂-Xv. tIc-f-Ønse B¿.-F-kv.-F-kp-Im¿°m-sW-¶n¬ Ipcn-i-Sn-Iƒ

amX-a√ Kpcp-]-Xn-a-Iƒt]mepw XI¿°m≥ a\x--km-£n-°p-Øp-≠m-

bn-√. C\nbpw XI¿°m-\p≈ A\y-a-X-ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sSbpw Bcm-[-

\m-e-b-ß-fp-sSbpw enÃpw tXSn-bp≈ s\t´m- -Øn-emWv kwL-]-cn-

hm-cw.

Xmen-_m\pw kwL-]-cn-hm-chpw Ccp--cm-Py-ß-fnepw \S-∏m-°p∂

^mknÃv imk-\-I-fn-se√mw Cu kam-\X ImWmw. A vKm-\n-ÿm-

\n¬ kvXoIƒ ho´n-en-cn-°p-tºmƒt]mepw _p¿J [-cn-°-W-sa∂pw

_ n¬ bmX sNøp-tºmƒ ad-bp≈ ]tXyI Ccn-∏n-S-ßƒ thW-

sa∂pw hoSn-\p-]p-dØv tPmen sNbvXp-Iq-sS∂pw Imbn-I-a-’-c-ß-fn¬

]s¶-Sp°-cp-sX∂pw a‰pw a‰p-ap≈ FÆn-bm-sem-Sp-ßmØ hne-°p-I-

fpsS Nß-e-]q-´p-Iƒ Xo¿°p-I-bmWv Xmen-_m≥. U¬ln-bnse

kvIqƒ hnZym¿∞n\nIfpw sP F≥ bp hnse A[ym-]n-I-amcpw

105Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


_tdmU bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n-bnse hnZym¿∞n-\n-Ifpw ]men-t°≠

hkvX-[m-cW Nn -I-sf-°p-dn®v DK-im-k\ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® kwL-]-

cn-hm¿ kwL-S-\-I-fpsS hgn-Ifpw Xmen-_m-\n¬\n∂v Gsd hyXy-

kvX-a-√. Ccp- a-X-au-enI i‡n-I-fp-sSbpw kvXohn-cp-≤-X-bpsS Imcy-

Øn-ep≈ kam-\-X-bmWv ChnsS ]I-S-am-Ip-∂-Xv. Zo]-ta-Ø-bpsS

^b¿, hm´¿ XpS-ßnb Ne-®n-X-ßsf mc-Xob kvXo k¶-ev]-ß-

fpsS t]cn¬ th -bm-Sn-bXpw ad-°m-dm-bn- n-√-t√m.

Snhn°pw kn\n-a-Iƒ°pw ISpØ \nb-¥-W-ß-fm-Wv Xmen-_m≥

G¿-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≈-Xv. C…m-anI kwkvIm-c-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb PohnX

aqey-ßƒ ]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh-∂m-tcm-]n-®mWv F√m hmXn-ep-Ifpw

sImń-b-S®v Ccp-fns‚ temIw Xmen-_m≥ kzbw Xo¿°p-∂-Xv. Cu

kmw-kvIm-cnI Ak-ln-jvWpX kwL-]-cn-hm-dn-s‚bpw apJ-ap-Z-bm-

Wv. \·Xm ]Z¿i\w \S-Øp-∂p-sh∂ t]cn¬ Nne Sn hn Nm\-ep-

Iƒ \ntcm-[n-®Xpw CjvS-an-√mØ kn\n-a-Iƒ°p hne-t°¿s∏-Sp-Øp-

∂-Xp-sa√mw DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ. ]m›m-Xy-kw-kvIm-c-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb Ipcn-

ip-bp-≤-sa∂v ]Jym-]n®v hme-ss‚≥ Zn\-Øn¬ bph-Xo-bp-hm-°sf

BI-an-®Xpw Im¿Uv tjm∏p-Iƒ sIm≈-b-Sn-®Xpw P\p-hcn H∂v

]pXp-h¿j-ambn BtLm-jn-®p-Iq-sS∂v I¬]n-°p-∂-Xp-sa√mw Cu

Ak-ln-jvWp-X-bpsS mKw Xs∂. am[y-a-ßfpw Nm\-ep-I-fp-sam∂pw

Po¿Æaq-ey-ßƒ D¬∏m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂n-s√-∂-√, Ahsb hnim-e-amb Hcp

kmwkvIm-cnI Hu∂-Xy-Øn¬\n∂v ]Xn-tcm-[n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw aX-

]-c-amb k¶p-Nn-X-Xz-Øns‚ N´-°q-ń¬\n∂v A‘-ambpw hnth-I-

iq-\y-ambpw FXn¿°p-Ibpw lnwk-b-gn-®p-hn-Sp-I-bp-amWv B¿ Fkv

Fkv sNøp-∂-Xv. CXmWv mkn-k-Øns‚ coXn, Xmen-_m≥ B¿

Fkv Fkp-ambn tbmPn-°p-∂Xpw Chn-sS-bm-Wv.

B¿ Fkv Fkpw Xmen-_m\pw XΩn-ep-≈-Xp-t]m-se-sbmcp

kmZriyw hn⁄m\ hntcm-[-Øn-s‚bpw kwkvImc iq\y-X-bp-sSbpw

Imcy-Øn¬ Ncn-X-Øn¬ F√m-°m-eØpw aX-au-en-I-hm-Zn-Iƒ XΩn-

ep-≠m-bn- p-≠v. temI-Ønse G‰hpw henb hn⁄m-\-ti-J-c-am-bn-

cp∂ Ae-IvkmÜn-b-bnse sse_-dn-bn¬sN∂v F√m Adn-hp-

Ifpw Jp¿-B-\n-ep-s≠∂v BtIm-in-®v a-s‰√m ]pkvX-I-ßfpw c≠m-

bn-c-tØmfw ASp-∏p-I-fnen v IØn®v ]´m-f-°m¿°v Ipfn-°m≥ sh≈w

NqSm-°nb Jeo- -bpsS ]n≥ap-d-°m-cmWv Xmen-_m≥ Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

C…m-anI aX-au-en-I-hm-Zn-I-sf√mw Xs∂. C∏p-dsØ B¿ Fkv

Fkv Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ sslµh mkn-Ãp-I-fm-hs´ thZ-ßƒ°pw D]-

\n-j-Øp-Iƒ°p-a-∏pdw H∂p-an-s√∂pw as‰√m Adn-hp-Ifpw Xnc-kvI-

cn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-sW∂pw hmZn-°p-∂p. P¿Ω-\n-bnse ln‰vedpw CXp-

t]mse Xßƒ°n-jvS-an-√mØ ]pkvX-I-ßƒ IØn-°p-Ibpw kvac-

W-Isf C√m--Xm-°p-Ibpw sNbv-Xn-´p-≠v. Ak-ln-jvWp-X-bp-sSbpw

kwkvIm-c-iq-\y-X-bp-sSbpw km¿∆-eu-In-I-amb e£-W-ß-fmWv Ch.

A vKm-\n-ÿm≥ Hcn-°¬IqSn B ]mT-ßƒ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Xmen-_m\pw kwL-]-cn-hm-dp-amWv C∂sØ ImeØv B ^mkn-

ksØ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Xmen-_m≥ A^vKm-\n-ÿms\

Fßs\ Hcp C…m-anI cm„-am-°m≥ BK-ln-°p-∂pthm AXp-

t]mse Xs∂ C¥ysb Hcp ln-µp-cm-„-am-°m≥ kwL-]-cn-hm-chpw

bXv\n-°p-∂p. coXn-I-fnepw ssien-I-fnepw IpSn-e-amb taml-ß-fn-

ep-sa√mw Ah¿ H∂m-Wv, Htc Xqh¬ ]£n-I-fm-Wv.

Nn¥, 2010 am¿®v

107Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


òI-c-X-bpsS lnµp-Xz-apJw

ateKmhv kvt^mS-\-t°-kn¬ Ad-Ãn-em-b-hsc tNmZyw sNbvX-

t∏mƒ ]pd-Øp-h-∂ hnh-c-ßƒ oI-cX kw_--‘n®v \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂

F√m ap≥hn[n-I-sfbpw Hcn-°¬IqSn Xpd-∂p-Im-Wn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

_m_dn akvPnZv XI¿Ø-t∏mgpw t_mws_ Iem-]-Ønepw KpP-

dmØv hwi-l-Xy-bnepw G‰-hp-sam-Sp-hn¬ Hdo-k-bnepw A\m-h-cWw

sNø-s∏´ kwL-SnX "lnµpXz' òI-c-X-bpsS thsdm-cp-X-e-amWv

Ct∏mƒ ]pd-Øp-h-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv ate-Kmhv oI-cm-

I-a-W-tI-knse Ad-Ãp-Iƒ cmPysØ \Sp-°n-sb∂v ssSw amK-kn≥

(\-hw. 13,2008) ]d-bp-∂-Xv. kwL-]-cn-hm¿ t\XrXzw \¬Ip∂ clky-

òIc irwJ-e°v ssk-\y-Øn¬t∏mepw IÆn-I-fp-s≠∂ kvt^mS-

\m-fl-I-amb hkvXp-X-I-fm-Wn-t∏mƒ temI-a-dn-™n-cn-°p--∂-Xv.

ate-Kmhv oI-cm-I-a-W--t°-kn¬ BZyw Ad-Ãn-emb ]Kym-knMv

Tm°q-dns‚ kwL-]-cn-hm¿_‘w A\n-tj-[y-amb sXfn-hp-I-tfmsS

]pd-Øm-b-t∏mƒ Ahsc \ymbo-I-cn-°m\pw kwc-£n-°m\pw ]cn-hm¿

t\cn v cwK-Øn-d-ßn. B¿.-F-kv.-F-kns‚ hnZym¿∞n hn`m-K-amb F

_n- hn- ]n-bpsS tZiob FIvkn-Iyq-óhv AwK-am-bn-cp∂ ]Kym-kn-

Mn\v _n sP ]n A[y-£≥ cmPv\mYv knMv Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ D∂X

t\Xr-Xz-hp-am-bp≈ _‘-Øns‚ Npcp-f-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. ate-Kmhv

kvt^mS-\-Øns‚ _p≤n-tI-µ-ambn ]h¿Øn® Zbm-\µv ]msfi,

]≤Xn \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn¬ apJy-]-¶p-h-ln-°p-Ibpw s]meokv ]nSn-bn-

em-hp-Ibpw sNbvX se^v‰-\‚ v tIW¬ ioIm¥v ]kmZv ]ptcm-

ln-Xv, as‰mcp ]Xn-bmb dn´. taP¿ kao¿ Ip¬°¿Wn F∂n-h-cp-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

sSbpw kwL-]-cn-hm¿_-‘-ßƒ ÿm]n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm-

≠p-X-s∂-bmWv ]Xn-Isf kwc-£n-°m\pw \nb-a-k-lmbw G¿s∏-

Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\pw Hs°-bmbn kwL-]-cn-hm¿ cwK-Øn-d-ßn-

bn-´p-≈Xpw. ]Xn-Isf \mknIv tImS-Xn-bn¬ lmP-cm-°n-b-t∏mƒ

Ah¿°v ]n¥pW ]Jym-]n®v apZm-hm-Iy-ßƒ apg°n \qdp-I-W-°n\v

B¿ Fkv Fkv inh-tk\m ]h¿Ø-I-cmWv tImS-Xn-]-cn-k-cØv

XSn-®p-Iq-Sn-b-Xv. C∂-se-hsc òI-c-X-s°-Xn-cmb t]mcm-´-Øns‚

t\XrXzw Ah-Im-i-s∏- n-cp∂ _n sP ]n Ct∏mƒ oI-c¿°p-th≠n

sXcp-hn-en-d-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. mknÃv Cc- -Øm-∏ns‚ H∂m-¥cw DZm-

l-c-Ww.

sslµ-h- Xo-h-hmZw F∂ ]tbm-K-Øn-s\-Xnsc Ct∏mƒ B¿

Fkv Fkpw _n sP ]nbpw Acniw sIm≈p-I-bm-Wv. lnµp-°fpw

ap…n-ß-fp-amb alm- q-cn-]-£-Øn\v Xoh-hm-Z-hp-ambn Hcp _‘-hp-

an√ F∂Xv kXyw. B \ne-bn¬ Xoh-hm-ZsØ GsX-¶nepw kap-

Zm-b-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw icn-b-√. kwL-]-cn-hm¿ ]Xn-\n-

[m\w sNøp-Ibpw t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ k¶p-Nn-Xhpw

hn`m-Kobhpamb "lnµpXz'Øns‚ t]cn-ep≈ Xoh-hm-Z-irw-Je

cmPyØv Bg-Øn¬ thtcm-Sn-bn-´p-≠v F∂Xv bmYm¿∞y-am-Wv.

kzX¥ C¥y-bnse BZysØ òI-cm-I-aWw F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-

°m-hp∂ Km‘n-h-[-Ønse ]Xn-I-sf√mw B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. ]Xn-\n-

[m\w sNøp∂ Xoh-ln-µp-Xz-Øns‚ h‡m-°-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xv Ncn-

X-k-Xyw. B ]mc-º-cy-Øns‚ ]n¥p-S¿®-°m-cmWv Ct∏m-gsØ

lnµp-Xz-ò-Ic-X-bp-sSbpw h‡m-°ƒ F∂Xv bmZr-—n-I-a-√. ]Kym-

kn-Mns‚ "Zp¿Km-hm-ln\n's°m∏w ate-Kmhv BI-a-W-Øn¬ ][m\

]¶p-h-ln-®Xv "A`n-\hv mcXv' F∂ kh¿°¿ ÿm]n® kwL-S-\-

bm-Wv. kh¿°-dpsS acp-a-Is‚ mcybpw Km‘n-h-[-t°-knse as‰mcp

]Xn tKm]m¬ tKmUvtk-bpsS aI-fp-amb lnam\n kh¿°-dmWv

"A`n-\hv `mcXv' F∂ òI-c-kw-L-S-\-bpsS ]kn-U‚ v Ft∂m¿

°Ww. "taP¿ kao¿ Ip¬°¿Wnsb (a-te-Kmhv tIknse Hcp ]Xn)

F\n-°-dn-bmw. Fs∂-t∏mse At±-lhpw B¿ Fkv Fkns‚ mK-

am-bn-cp-∂p-'sh∂v lnam\n ]d-bp-∂p. (Hu´v ep°v \hw. 24, 2008)

B¿ Fkv Fkv BWv òI-c-irw-J-e-bpsS t\Xr-ÿm-\-Øv F∂-

Xn\v CXn¬∏cw sXfn-sh-¥p-thWw? alm-cm-„-bnse tIm¨Kkv

109Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


a¥n-k- -bnse D]-ap-Jy-a¥n B¿ B¿ ]mó-ens‚ "shSn-bp-≠bv°p

]Icw shSn-bp≠' F∂ ]kvXm-h-\sb ]n¥p-W®v F¶n¬ F¥p-

sIm≠v ""kvt^mS\Øn\p ]Icw kvt^mS\w \S-Øn-°q-Sm'' F∂

\ymb-amWv lnam\n Db¿Øp-∂-Xv. "lnµp Nmth¿ kwL-ßƒ' cq]o-

I-cn-°m-\p≈ inh-tk-\-bpsS Blzm-\hpw CØ-cp-W-Øn¬ Hm¿t°-

≠-Xm-Wv. hf¿∂p-h-cp∂ C…m-anI òI-c-Xsb lnµp òI-cX

sIm≠mWv t\cn-tS-≠-Xv F∂v inh-tk-\-bpsS apJ-]-X-amb kmav\

apJ-]-kwKw Fgp-Xn-bXpw ad-∂p-Iq-Sm.

hnip-≤-d-a-Zm≥ amk-Øn-emWv ate-Kmhv kvt^mS\w \S-∂-Xv.

AXn\v DØ-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ C…m-anI Xoh-hmZkw-L-S-\-I-fmWv F∂

\nK-a-\-am-bn-cp∂p BZy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, alm-cm-„- oIchn-

cp≤ kwLw \S-Ønb Ad-Ãp-Iƒ ate-Kmhv kvt^mS-\-Øns‚

]n∂n¬ amX-a√ 66 t]¿ acn®, kwtQmX FIvkv]- n¬ 2007

s^_p-h-cn-bn¬ \S∂ kvt^mS-\-Øn\p ]n∂nepw lnµp-Xz-i-‡n-I-

fmWv F∂v sXfn-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ap…nw qcn-]-£-ta-J-e-I-fn¬ kw -

hn-®Xpw At\z-jWw hgn-ap- n-\n-∂-Xp-amb aq∂v oI-cm-I-aW tIkp-

I-fn¬IqSn ate-Kmhv AdÃv hgn-Øn-cn-hm-tb-°p-sa-∂mWv Icp-X-s∏-

Sp-∂-Xv. 2006 G]n-en¬ U¬ln Ppam-a-kvPn-Znse Cc- -kvt^m-S-\w,

2007 tabn¬ sslZ-cm-_m-Znse sa° akvPnZv kvt^mS-\w, 2007 HIvtSm-

_-dn¬ APvao-dnse IzmP sambv\p-Zo≥ NnkvXn-Z¿K BI-aWw

F∂o kw`-h-ß-fnepw Cu i‡n-Iƒ°p-t\sc kwi-b-ap-b¿∂n-´p-

≠v.

ate-Km-hv, kwtQmX kvt^mS\t°kp-I-fpsS ssk\n-I-_‘w

Kpcp-X-c-amb kml-N-cy-amWv kr„n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. C¥y-bpsS Ncn-X-

Øn¬ BZy-am-bmWv ssk\y-Øn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂ Hcp Hmô-k¿

Xoh-hmZ]h¿Ø-\-Øn\v Ad-Ãn-em-Ip-∂-Xv.

tIcfØn¬ Xoh-hm-ZsØ t\cn-Sm≥ ê-]-Z-ambn ]h¿Øn-

°p∂ s]meo--kn\pw k¿°m-dn-\p-sa-Xnsc Btcm-]-W-ap-∂-bn-°p∂

bp.-Un.-F- v. t\Xm-°ƒ Cu Imcy-Øn¬ F¥p ]-d-bp∂p? anen-‰dn

C‚-en-P≥kpw tdmbpw sF _nbpw F√mw D≠m-bn´pw ssk\y-Øn¬

B¿ Fkv Fkp-Im¿ \pg-™p-I-b-dn-bXpw òI-cm-I-a-W-Øn\v

ssk\nI Hmô-k¿Xs∂ ]≤Xn Xømdm-°n-bXpw I≠p-]n-Sn-°m-

\m-Im-ØXv s]mdp-°m-hp∂ hogvN-bmtWm? alm-cm„ F Sn Fkv


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Cu hnh-c-ßƒ ]pd-Øp-sIm-≠p-h-∂n-√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ oI-c¿ ssk\y-

Øn¬ XpS-cp-am-bn-cp-∂n-t√? AXns‚ ]Xym-Lm-X-ßƒ FX-amXw

Kpcp-X-c-am-bn-cn°pw?

ssk\y-Øn¬ Dƒs∏sS `c-W-IqS ÿm]-\-ß-fn-se√mw B¿

Fkv Fkv \pg-™p-I-b-dn-bn-´p≠v F∂v CS-Xp-]£w Nq≠n-°m-´n-

bXv icn-h-bv°p∂ kw -h-ß-fmWv Ct∏mƒ ]pd-Øp-h-cp-∂-Xv. kmbp-

[-tk-\-I-fn-te°pw C‚-en-P≥kv GP≥kn-I-fp-te°pw _yqtdm-I-

kn-bn-te°pw \pg-™p-I-b-dm-\p≈ ]≤Xn B¿ Fkv Fkn\v F°m-

e-Øp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v ap≥ \mhn-I-tk\m ta[mhn AUvan-d¬

hnjvWp K-hXv Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p-≠v. At±-lsØ ap≥ _n.-sP.]n

Kh¨sa‚ v ]pd-Øm-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ap≥ ssk\nI DtZym-K-ÿsc

kwL-Sn-∏n®v B¿ Fkv Fkv ]q¿h-tk-\m-]-cn-jØv F∂ kwL-S-

\-bv°p-Xs∂ cq]w sImSp-Øn- p-≠v. _n sP ]nbv°pw Hcp Un^≥kv

sk√p-≠v. \nc-h[n D∂X ssk\n-tIm-tZym-K-ÿ¿ hnc-an-®-tijw _n

sP]n-bn-te°v tNt°-dn-bn- p-≠v. Ch¿ _‘-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v B¿ Fkv

Fkv ImU-dp-Isf ssk\y-Øn-te°v h≥tXm-Xn¬ IS-Øn-hn- n- p≠v

F∂v A\p-am-\n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

ssk\ysØ h¿§o-b-h¬°-cn-°m\pw Zpcp-]-tbm-Kn-°m-\p-ap≈ _n

sP ]nbpsS ia-ß-ƒ ]e-t∏mgpw hnhm-Z-am-bn- p-≠v. 1999 sabv Bdn\v

Im¿Kn¬ bp≤w sImSp-ºn-cn-s°m≠ thf-bn¬ U¬ln Atim-Im-

tdm-Unse _n sP ]n Bÿm-\-tØ°v Im¿Kn-ense Ic-tk-\-bpsS

Un Pn Fw H Bb e v‰-\‚ v P\-d¬ F≥ kn hnPn-s\bpw \mhnI

thyma-tk-\-I-fnse Db¿∂ DtZym-K-ÿ-tcbpw hnfn-®p-h-cpØn ]m¿´n

Fw.]n am¿°v bp≤-Ønse apt∂-‰-sØ-°p-dn®v hni-Zo-I-cn-®p-sIm-SpØ

kw`hw tk\m-N-cn-X-Øn¬ apºp-≠m-bn- n-√mØXmWv. B h¿jw

Xs∂ hn F®v ]nbpsS Hcp hn`m-K-amb "[¿a-bm-Xm-kwLw' kwL-

-Sn-∏n-°p∂ " kn‘p-bmXm' ]cn-]m-Sn°v Ic-tk-\-bpsS tkh\w D]-

tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXns\ A∂sØ Ic-tk-\m-ta-[mhn P\-d¬ hn ]n

a√nIv, Im¿Kn¬ bp≤-sØ-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xnb ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ A]-e-

]n-°p-∂p-≠v. Ch-sb-°p-dn®v ]cm-a¿in-°p∂ A[ymbØn\v At±lw

\¬Inb Xe-s°´v ""Rßsf shdpsX hnSq'' F∂m-Wv. 1996 P\p-

hcn 15-˛\v Hcp tk\m ]tc-Un\v AXn-Yn-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ inh-tk-

\m-ta-[mhn _m¬Xm-°-sdsb £Wn-®Xpw AXn¬ ]Xn-tj-[n®v

111Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


Xm\pw A∂sØ Fb¿sshkv am¿j¬ sI. kn Icn-b-∏bpw Cdßn-

t∏m-bXpw hnjvWp- -K-hXv ]d-bp-∂p-≠v (Hu v ep°v). ate-Kmhv Dƒs∏-

sS-bp≈ oI-cm-I-a-W-ß-fpsS Bkq-X-I-\mb Zbm-\µv ]mtfi°v

PΩp-I-ivao-cnse hnhm-Z -\m-b-I-\mb ap≥ Kh¿W¿ e^v‰-\‚ v P\-

d¬ (dn-´). Fkv sI kn≥l cmPv`-h-\n¬ ]e-X-hW BXn-Yy-a-cp-

fnb Imcyw Iivao¿ ssSwkv ]Xw (\-hw.15) dnt∏m¿ v sNbvXn- p-≠v.

B¿ Fkv Fkv ssk-\n-I˛ oIc A®p-X-≠ns‚ as‰mcp DZm-l-c-

W-am-Wn-Xv.

t_m¨t… anen-‰dn kvIqƒ oI-c¿°v ]cn-io-e-\-Øn-\mbn D]-

tbm-Kn-®p-h∂ hnh-c-ßfpw ]pd-Øp-h-∂n- p-≠v. G‰-hp-sam-Sp-hn¬ ]pd-

Øp-h-∂n-cn-°p∂ kXy-ßƒ oI-c-X-sb-°p-dn®v \ne-hn-ep≈ ]_-

e-amb ap≥hn-[n-I-sf-sb√mw XI¿Øp-I-f-™n-cn-°p-∂p. AtXm-

sSm∏w Hcp bmYm¿∞y-Øn\p IqSn AXv ASn-h-c-bn-Sp-∂p. ssk\yw,

_yqtdm-I-kn, PpUo-jydn XpSßn c-W-IqS A[n-Im-c-Øns‚ F√m

Xe-ß-fnepw kzm[o-\-ap-d-∏n-°m\pw cm„o-bm-[n-Imcw Xs∂ ]nSn-®-S-

°m\pw Ign-bp-∂Xv kwL-]-cn-hm¿ ]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp∂ Xoh-ln-

µp-Xz-i-‡n-Iƒ°m-Wv. Cu Xoh-hm-Z-amWv mkn-k-ambn ]cn-W-an-

°m≥ tijn-bp-≈Xpw AXn-\m¬Xs∂ Gsd A]-I-S-I-c-am-b-Xpw.

cm„o--bm-[n-Im-chpw c-W-Iq-Shpw ssIb-S°n mkn-k-ambn ]q¿W-

ambpw cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sm-\m-hn-s√-¶nepw C…m-anI Xoh-hmZw kwL-]-

cn-hm-dns‚ ]bm-W-Øn\v A\n-hm-cy-amb C‘-\-ambn h¿Øn-°p-∂p.

AXn-\m¬ c≠n-\p-sa-Xn-cmb hn´p-ho-gvN-bn-√mØ ]Xn-tcm[w Hgn-hm-

°m-\m-hm-Ø-Xm-Wv.

tZim- n-am\n ]Xw, 2008


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

hcq,- ap-kn-cn- nse c‡w ImWq...

""kplrtØ, ]m¬°m-c\pw ]X-°m-c\pw tI_nƒ hcn-°m-c-

\p-sams° cmhn-se-Xs∂ h∂p-t]mbn Gsd-_-e-an-√mØ Hcp Iºn-

∏m-c-°p-t]mepw IpØn-Øp-d-°m-hp∂ \nß-fpsS hmXn-en¬ C\n ap´p-

∂Xv Hcp kwL-]-cn-hm¿ Inan-\-em-Imw.

sImSp-ß-√q-cnse sk°p-e¿ Iƒ®-dn-s‚-]-h¿Ø-Isc ]kn-≤o-

I-cn® t\m´o-knse Cu hcn-I-fn¬ H´pw AXn-i-tbm-‡n-bn-√. sImSp-

ß-√q-cns\ Nqgv∂p \n¬°p∂ oXn-bp-sSbpw Ac-£n-X-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw

Bgw hy‡-am-°p∂ hcn-I-fm-Wn-Xv. tNmc-bpsS K‘w el-cn-bmbn

amdn-°-gn™ kwL-]-cn-hm¿ Inan-\-ep-Iƒ ]Xn-bn-cn-°p∂ sXcp-hp-

Ifpw t£Xm-¶-Whpw B¬Ø-d-Ifpw sImSp-ß-√q-cns‚ Pohn-XsØ

NIn-X-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. sIme-Iƒ \SØn ssIb-d∏pamdnb ssII-

fn¬ Ducn-∏n-Sn® hmfpw s\‰n-bn¬ Iucywkv pcn-°p∂ Imhn-°p-dn-

I-fp-ambn GXv \nan-jhpw In-an-\-ep-Iƒ Cc-Iƒ°p-ta¬ NmSn-ho-

tW-°mw. kwL-]-cn-hm-dns‚ A\n-jvS-Øn\v hnt[-b-cmb Bcp-amImw

Cc-Iƒ. Xßƒ°n-jvS-an-√m-Ø-h¿°mbn Ah¿ in£-hn-[n-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂p. kwL-]-cn-hm-dns\ A\p-k-cn-°m-Ø-h-cmcpw sImSpß-√q-

cn¬ kpc-£n-X-c-√. Ah-cpsS hoSp-Iƒ°p-≈n¬t∏mepw Bcpw

Ft∏mgpw Fhn-sS-sh®pw BI-an-°-s∏-t -°m-sa∂ Ah-ÿ.

kwL¿j-Øn\v Ab-hp-h-cp∂p-sh-∂p-I-≠m¬, im¥-X-bp-sSbpw

kam-[m-\-Øn-s‚bpw CS-thf \o≠p-t]m-Ip∂p F∂p tXm∂n-bm¬

B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv Xß-fpsS Xmh-f-ß-fn¬ Bbp-[-ßƒ°v aq¿®-Iq-

´pw. ]ns∂ BI-a-W-]-≤Xn Xøm-dm-°epw Ccsb \n›-bn-°epw

113Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


IrXyw ]ng-hp-I-fn-√msX \S-∏n-em-°-ep-am-Wv. CXn-ßs\ Bh¿Øn-

®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv F∂v Ign™ c≠p ]Xn-‰m-≠nse sImSp-

ß-√q-cns‚ kwL¿j NcnXw hne-bn-cp-Øn-bm¬ a\- n-em-°m-\m-

hpw. kwL¿j-ß-fn-√msX kwL-]-cn-hm-dn\v \ne-\n¬°m-\m-hn-√.

B¿.-F-kv.-F-kns‚ Ncn-Xhpw ]h¿Ø-\-ssi-enbpw sXfn-bn-°p-∂-

Xp-t]mse kwL¿j-ß-fpsS cmjvSob hnf-sh-Sp-∏mWv Ah¿ sImSp-

ß-√q-cn¬ IWn-i-X-tbmsS \S-∏n-em-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

CXn-\¿∞w sImSp-ß-√q-cnse kwL¿jm-fl-I-amb cmjvSo-b- -

km-aq-ln-Im-¥-co-£sØ tIh-e-ambn hne-bn-cp-Øn-°qSm F∂m-Wv.

kL-]-cn-hm-dns‚ ^mjnÃv AP-≠-bn-emWv sImSp-ß-√q-cnse

kwL¿j-Øns‚ thcp-Iƒ Bgv∂p-In-S-°p-∂-Xv. B¿.-F-kv.-F-kns‚

tIc-f-Ønse ]co-£-W-im-e-I-fn¬ IÆo-cn-s\m-∏-amWv sIm-Sp-ß-√q-

cn-s‚bpw ÿm\w. KpP-dm-Ønepw Hdn-k-bnepw cmP-ÿm-\nepw a‰pw

\mw I≠p ]cn-N-bn® Ah-cpsS mjnÃv cm-jvSo-b-Øns‚ ]tbm-

K-ßƒ ]eXpw sImSp-ß-√q-cnepw ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. AXn-te-‰hpw

][m\w kaq-lsØ h¿Ko-b-ambn n∂n-∏n-°pI F∂-Xm-Wv. h¿Kob

tNcn-Xn-cn-hns‚ XohX Iq´m\pw h¿Kob hnImcw Bfn-°-Øn-°m-

\p-ap≈ ]cn-i-a-ßƒ kwL-]-cn-hm¿- C-hnsS \nc-¥cw \S-Øn-s°m-

≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-Im-Wmw. aX-ssa-Xn-bpsS ]pcm-X-\-amb Ncn-Xhpw

aX-\n-c-t]-£-amb A¥-co-£hpw \ne-\n¬°p-∂-bnSØv h¿Kob

tNcn-Xn-cn-hp-≠m-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-sW∂v ]cn-hm-dn\v Adn-bmw. as‰-

√m-bn-S-Øp-sa-∂-t]mse \yq\-]-£-ßsf e£yw-sh-®p≈ ]Nm-c-W-

ßfpw BI-a-W-ß-fp-amWv h¿Kob tNcn-Xn-cn-hp-≠m-t°-≠Xv Bh-

iy-am-sW∂v ]cn-hm-dn\v Adn-bmw. as‰-√m-bn-S-Øp-sa-∂-t]mse \yq\-

]-£-ßsf e£y-wsh-®p≈ ]Nm-c-W-ßfpw BI-a-W-ß-fp-amWv

h¿Kob tNcn-Xn-cnhv krjvSn-°m-\p≈ B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv ]≤-Xn-bpsS

apJy AP-≠. AXn\v sImSpß√q-cnse ]kn-≤-amb io Ipdpw-_-

t£-X-Ønse D¬khw apX¬ In°-‰p-hsc Ah¿ Bbp-[-am-°p-

∂p. \m\m-PmXn aX-ÿ-cpsS IqSn-t®-c-ens‚ thZn-bm-bn-cp∂ t£

tXm¬k-h-Øns‚ atX-X-c-kz- m-hw, Bkq-Xn-X-amb CS-s]-S-ep-I-

fn-eqsS tNm¿Øn-°-f-bp-∂-Xn¬ Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. hnP-

bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. D¬k-h-∏-d-ºnse Ãmfp-Iƒ teew hnfn-°p-tºmƒ

Aln-µp-°ƒ°v AXn-\-\p-hm-Z-an-s√∂v B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. hn[n-°p-∂Xv


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Hcp-Zm-l-c-Ww. t£X-Øn-\p-ap-∂nse IS-I-fn¬ Inkvakv kok-

Wn¬ \£-X-ßƒ ]Im-in-∏n-°m≥ ]mSn√ F∂ B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv

A\p-im-k-\hpw c≠p-h¿j-ambn \ne-\n¬°p-∂p. hne°v ewLn®v

\£Xw sXfn-™m¬ IS-bp-S-a°v ISbpw k¿h-k-ºm-Zy-ßfpw amX-

a√ Poh≥Xs∂ \jvS-am-tb-°mw. Hdo-k-bn¬ Inkvakv ImeØv

\£-X-ßƒ Xq°m≥ kwL-]-cn-hm¿ G¿s∏-Sp-Ønb hne-°ns\

A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p∂ \S-]-Sn-bm-Wn-Xv. hne-°p-ew-Ln®v \£Xw Xq°n-

b-hsc BI-an-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂t√m AhnsS \yq\-]£ th´°v

XpS-°-an- -Xv. t£X-]-cn-k-csØ k¿°m¿ qan-bn¬t∏mepw Aln-

µp-°ƒ ]th-in-°m≥ ]mSn√ F∂ oj-Wn-bmWv B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv.

apg-°p-∂-Xv. Inan-\-ep-Iƒ°v kwibw tXm∂p-∂-hsc Bsc-sb-

¶nepw I≠m¬ tNmZyw sNøepw a¿±-\-hp-am-Wv. t£Xhpw AtXm-

S-\p-_-‘n® s]mXp-ÿ-ehpw Cu Inan-\-ep-I-fpsS kzImcy kzØp-

t]m-se-bm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cpsS A[n-Im-c-]-cn-kcw lnµp

cmjvS-Øns‚ sIm®p-]-Xn-∏m-Wv.

Alva-Zm-_m-Znepw _tdm-U-bn-ep-sa√mw \mw tI´p-]-cn-N-bn® ap…ow-

hn-cp-≤psS Bhn-jvIm-c-ßƒ°pw sImSp-ß-√q¿ km£yw hln-°p-

∂p. KpP-dm-Ønepw DØ-tc-¥y-bn-ep-sam-s°-bmWv In°-‰ns\ k¶p-

NnX tZio-b-X-bpsS Bbp-[-ambn kwL-]-cn-hm¿ i‡n-Iƒ D]-tbm-

Kn-°m-dp-≈-Xv. AhnsS C¥y-bpsS Hmtcm In°‰v hnP-b-hpw, ]tXy-

In®v ]m°n-ÿm-\p-am-bn- p-≈Xv ap…nw hntcm[w Bfn-°-Øn-°m\pw

h¿Kob [pho-I-c-W-Øn-\p-ap≈ C‘-\-a-W-h¿°v, B coXn t_m[-

]q¿∆w Xs∂ sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ ]tbm-Kn®p XpS-ßn-b-Xns‚ e£-

W-ßfpw ImWmw. Ign™ Sz‚n 20 temI-I-∏n¬ ]m°n-ÿms\Xnsc

C¥y-t\-Snb hnP-bm-tLm-j-Øns‚ ad-hn¬ sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ \S∂

Bkq-XnX ]I-S-\-Øns‚ apJ-apZ ap…nw hncp-≤-X-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Cßs\ DØ-tc-¥y≥ amXr-I-bn¬, AhnsS ]tbm-Kn®v hnP-bn®

h¿Kobh-XvI-c-W-Øns‚ ]mT-ßƒ sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ ]co-£n-°p-I-

bmWv kwL-]-cn-hm¿ sNøp-∂-Xv. Cu ^mjnÃv `oI-c-X-bpsS

]tbm-K-Øn-eqsS sImSp-ß-√q-cns‚ hnim-e-amb aX-\n-c-t]£ s]mXp-

a-WvU-esØ inYn-eo-I-cn-°m-\mWv \nc-¥-c-ambn ian-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-

°p-∂-Xv.

as‰-√m-bn-S-Øp-sa-∂-t]mse sImSp-ß-√q-cn-sebpw ^mjnÃv

115Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


cmjvSo-b-Øns‚ ]tbm-K-Øn\v Hcp A¿Y-im-kvX-X-e-ap-≠v. KpP-

dm-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ \nco-£n-°-s∏- n- p≈ \h DZm-ch-XvI-c-

W-hpw lnµp-Xzhpw XΩn-ep≈ _m‘-h-Øns‚ kq£va-X-e-ßƒ

sImSp-ß-√q-cnepw ImWm≥ Ignbpw. DZm-c-h-XvI-c-W-Im-eØv hf¿∂p-

h∂ ]pØ≥ ]W-°m¿ h¿Ko-b-cm-jvSo-b-Øns‚ ]n∂nse i‡n-

kvtXm-X- m-bn-Øo-cp∂ km¿h-XnI ]h-WX sImSpß-√q-cn\pw

_m[-I-am-Wv. dnb¬ FtÃ-‰v, sI´n-S-\n¿Ωm-Ww, ]Ww ]en-i-°p-

\¬I¬ XpSßn \h-ap-X-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚ ImeØv Xg-®p-h-f¿∂ taJ-

e-I-fmWv kwL-]-cn-hm-dns‚ ]pXnb kmº-Øn-Im-Sn-Ø-d. Cu taJ-

e-I-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´v cq]w sIm≈p∂ am^n-bm-]-h¿Ø-\-ßsf

\nb-¥n-°p-∂Xv kwL-]-cn-hm¿ t\Xr-Xz-am-Wv. B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv, _n.-

sP.-]n t\Xm-°-fn¬ ]ecpw dnb¬ FtÃ-‰v, tªUv hym]mc cwK-ß-

fnse ]ap-J-cp-am-Wv. t£X-]-cn-k-c-Øp≈ kzIm-cy ÿeØv sI´n-

S-ßƒ \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xn\pw `qan ssIam‰w sNøp-∂-Xn\pw Ch¿°v

Np¶w sImSp-°-Ww F∂ ÿnXn-bm-Wp-≈-Xv. AXn-\p-h-g-ßm-Ø-

h¿°v t\cn-tS-≠n-h-cp∂ ]oU-\-ßƒ Gsd-bm-Wv. t£tXm¬,-h-

tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®v ssaXm-\-Ønse Ãmfp-Iƒ teew hnfn-°p-∂-Xn¬

Aln-µp-°ƒ°v G¿s∏-Sp-Ønb hne-°n\p ]n∂nepw kmº-ØnI

e£y-ß-fp-≠v. B¿.-F-kv.-F-kn\v Xm¬]-cy-ap-≈-h¿°p-am-X-ambn

Cu I®-h-S-°-cm-dp-Iƒ Xc-s∏-Sp-ØpI F∂-XmWv AXv. Cßs\

apjv°pw ssIbq°pw D]-tbm-Kn®v Icm-dp-Iƒ Xc-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-

°p-∂-Xn\v Ah¿ IrXy-amb hnln-Xhpw ]‰p-∂p. Ãmfp-I-fn¬ F¥p-

hn¬°-W-sa∂p Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂Xpw C°q- ¿ Xs∂. KpP-dm-Øn¬

hniz-lnµp ]cn-j-Øp-Im¿ \yq\-]-£-ß-ƒ-s°-Xn-cmbn ASn-t®¬∏n®

kmº-ØnI D]-tcm-[-Øns‚ as‰mcp apJ-amWv ChnsS ImWp-∂-Xv.

B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv kvt]m¨k¿ sNøp∂ Ian-\-\¬ cmjvSo-b-

Øns‚ thsdmcp kmº-ØnI tkmX v ]kn-≤-amb sImSp-ß-√q¿

t£Xw Xs∂-bm-Wv. bYm¿Y hnizm-kn-Isf oj-Wn-s∏-SpØn AI-

‰n\ndpØn t£Xw Ah¿ ssIb-S-°n-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ apJy-Im-

c-Whpw CXp-X-s∂. t£X-Ønse shSn-sh--∏p-h-sc-bmWv Inan-\-

ep-I-fpsS Bÿm-\w. h¿j-ß-fmbn t£X-Ønse shSn-h-gn-]m-Sns‚

Icm-sd-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv, sImSp-ß-√q-cnse am^nbm ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS

apgp-h≥ Np°m≥ ]nSn-°p∂ B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv t\Xm-hns‚ A—-\m-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Wv. h¿tj-tXmdpw Icm¿ ]pXp-°p-sa-¶nepw Cbmƒ°-√msX

a‰m¿°pw AXv e`n-°n-√. Icm¿ FSp-°m≥ Poh-\n¬ sImXn-bp≈

Bcpw apXn-cn-√ F∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wn-Xv. shSn-h-gn-]mSv ssek≥kns‚

t]cn¬ e`n-°p∂ h≥tXm-Xn-ep≈ kvt^mS-I-h-kvXp-°-fpsS \nb-

¥-Ww-ssI-bm-fp-∂Xpw CtX Inan-\¬ kwL-amWv F∂-XmWv Gsd

A]-I-SIcw. t£X-Ønse hgn-]mSv km[-\-ß-fpsS tee-amWv

as‰mcp ][m-\-s∏´ hcp-am\ tkmX- v. Ht´sd hgn-]mSp km[-\-

ß--fmWv ChnsS ]Xn-Zn\w teew sNøm-dp-≈-Xv. tee-Øn¬ B¿.-

F-kv.-Fkv Inan-\¬kw-L-ßƒ°-√msX a‰m¿°pw ]¶m-fn-I-fm-Im-

\m-hn-√. Bsc-¶nepw AXn\p apXn¿∂m¬ Kpcp-X-c-amb ]Xym-Lm-

X-ßƒ t\cn-tS≠n hcp-sa-∂-XmWv kXyw. Cßs\ t£X-sØbpw

`qan, tªUv, aW¬, aZy am^n-b-I-sfbpw tIµo-I-cn-®mWv B¿.-F-

kv.-Fkv Inan-\¬ cmjvSobw sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xv.

At[m-temI am^nbm kwL-ß-fpsS kmº-ØnI Xm¬]-cy-ß-fp-

ambn h¿Kob cmjvSobw Fßs\ IÆn-tN¿∂n-cn-°p∂p F∂m-WnXv

ImWn-°p-∂-Xv. IÆq-cn¬ Fgp-]-Xp-I-fn¬ B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv Nph-Sp-d-

∏n-®-Xns‚ ]n∂nepw kmº-ØnI Xm¬]-cy-ß-fp-tS-Xmb ]›m-Ø-e-

ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂v Hm¿°-Ww. _oUn-sØm-gn-em-fn-I-fpsS ka-csØ

ASn-®-a¿Øm≥ apX-em-fn-am-cp-sS- Kp-≠m-∏S F∂ \ne-bn-em-bn-cp∂p

B¿.-F-kv.-F-kns‚ cwK-]-th-iw.

B¿.-F-kv.-F-kns‚ cmjvSo-b-Øns‚ apJy-C-c-Iƒ IÆq-cn-se-∂-

t]mse sImSp-ß-√q-cnepw kn.-]n.-FΩpw Un.-ssh.-F- v.-sF-bp-am-Wv.

ad-dmcpw BIn-an-°-s∏- n- n√ F∂-√. ][m-\-ambpw Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Imcpw

A\p- m-hn-I-fp-amWv th -bm-S-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. kn.-]n.-Fw.-Pn-√m-I-Ω-‰n-bw-K-

am-bn-cp∂ hn.-sI.-tKm-]m-e≥, Sn.-F--kv.-ap-c-fo-[-c≥, cmPp, Ct∏mƒ _nPp

F∂n-ßs\ \mep-t]¿ CXn-\Iw AhnsS sIme-sN-ø-s∏- p. amc-I-

ambn ]cn-t°‰pw AwK-ssh-Ieyw kw`-hn®pw Ign-bp-∂-h¿ thsd-

bpw. FXtbm t]cpsS hoSp-Ifpw IS-Ifpw ÿm]-\-ßfpw BI-an-

°-s∏- n- p-≠v. F¥p--sIm-≠mWv Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Imsc e£yw sh°p-∂Xv

F∂Xv hy‡w. kwL-]-cn-hm-dns‚ Xoh lnµpXz cmjvSo-bXsØ

hn´p-ho-gvN-Iq-SmsX FXn¿°p-∂Xv a‰m-cp-a√ F∂-Xp-X-s∂. Iayq-

Wn-Ãp-Im¿ apt∂m- p-sh-°p∂ h¿K-cm-jvSo-bsØ XI¿°msX h¿Ko-

b-cm-jvSo-b-Øn\v thcp-]n-Sn-°m-\m-hn√ F∂ Xncn-®-dn-hp-Iq-Sn-bm-W-

117Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


Xn\p Imc-Ww. IÆq¿ F∂-t]mse sImSp-ß-√qcpw h¿Kob cmjvSo-

b-Øn\pw Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿°pw Bg-Øn¬ kzm[o-\-ap≈ taJ-e-bm-

Wv. tIc-f-Ønse I¿jI ]ÿm-\-Øn\v XpS-°-an´ sImSp-ß-√q-

cn¬ tIm¨Kkv kzm[o-\-ap-d-∏n°pw aptº thtcm- -ap-≠m-°n-b-h-cmWv

Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿. tIc-f-Ønse BZysØ Iayq-WnÃv Fw.-F¬.-F-

B-bn- C.-tKm-]m-e-Ir-jvW-ta-t\m≥ 1949¬ sXsc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- Xpw

sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬\n-∂m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu Nph∂ cmjvSob Ncn-X-ap≈

sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ lnµpXz cmjvSo-bsØ P\-ßsf AWn-\n-c-Øn,

]Xn-tcm-[n-°p∂p F∂-XmWv kn.-]n.-Fw- -Un.-ssh.-F- v.sF ]h¿Ø-

I¿ th -bm-S-s∏-Sm≥ Imc-Ww. adp- m-K-Øm-Is´ tIm¨Kkv H-fn-®p-

I-fn-°p-I-bmWv. arZp lnµpXz kao-]-\hpw kwL-]-cn-hm-c-hp-am-bp≈

Ah-k-c-hmZ kwJyhpw sImSp-ß-√q-cnepw tIm¨Kkv kzoI-cn-°p-

∂-Xns‚ Zpc¥w IqSn-bmWv AhnsS ImWm-\m-hpI kwL-]-cn-hm-

dns‚ ^mjnÃv cmjvSo-b-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn aX-\n-c-t]£ i‡n-Iƒ

Dd® \ne-]mSv FSp-t°≠ kµ¿`-Øn¬ Nne ]©m-b-Øp-I-fn¬

A[n-Im-c-Øn-\mbn Ah-cp-ambn kl-i-b\w \S-Øm≥t]mepw

tIm¨Kkv Xbm-dm-hp∂ ImgvN-bmWv sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ D≈-Xv.

sImSp-ß-√q-cnse kwL¿j-ß-fpsS ]q¿W-D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ kwL-]-

cn-hm-c-am-sW-∂-dn-bm-sa-¶nepw Ahsc t\cn v Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cn-°m≥

tIm¨-Kkv ]pe¿Øp∂ AXoh PmKX Ah-cpsS arZp-k-ao-]-\-

Øns‚ sXfn-hm-Wv. tIm¨K-kn-s\-t∏mse am[y-a-ßfpw C°m-cy-

Øn¬ hnNm-cW sNø-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Wv. IÆq-cnse km¶¬]nI ]m¿´n

Kma-ß-sf-°p-dn®v hmNm-e-cm-hp-Ibpw am¿IvknÃv AI-a-Øns‚

I¬]nX IY-Iƒ \pW-Iƒ Ipg-®p-tN¿Øv ]mIw sNøp-∂-Xn¬

sshZKv[yw ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNøm-dp≈ am[y-a-ß-sf√mw sImSp-ß-

√q-sc-Øp-tºmƒ hgp-h-gp-∏≥ \njv]-£X ]pe¿Øm≥ ]mSp-s]-Sp-∂-

h-cm-Wv. GI-]-£o-b-amb B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. AI-a-ßƒ Bh¿Øn®p

\S-°p-tºmgpw "_n.-sP.-]n.- -am¿IvknÃv kwL- \w' F∂ t\csØ

Icp-Xn-sh® Xe-s° v e÷-bn-√msX Ah¿ sImSp-Øp-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw.

_nPp-hns‚ acWw apJy-[mcm ]X-ßƒ dnt∏m¿´p sNbvX coXn-

bn¬t]mepw Cu Ad-∏p-f-hm-°p∂ Im]Syw ImWmw. Ah-sc√mw

\¬Ip∂ Xe-s° v Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Un.-ssh.-F- v.sF t\Xmhv

acn-®p. sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ kwL¿jw' \njvTq-c-amb Hcp sIme-]m-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

XIw H‰-t\m- -Øn¬ kzm`m-hnI ac-W-am-sW∂p tXm∂n-∏n-°m\pw

sIme-]m-X-I-Øn-\p-Ø-c-hm-Zn-I-sf∂v F√m-h¿°p-a-dn-bm-hp∂ i‡n-

Isf P\-i-≤-bn¬ \n∂v ad-®p-sh-°m\pw hmZnsb ]Xn-bm-°m\pw

CS-bm-°p∂ \]pw-kI dnt∏m¿´nwKv th -°m-cs\ klm-bn-°p-I-b-

√msX as‰-¥mWv sNøp-∂Xv?

am[y-a-kzm-X-¥y-sØbpw a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ß-sfbpw Ipdn®v kmtcm-

]-tZ-i-ßƒ \S-Øp-Ibpw [m¿anI tcmjw sImffp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-

h-sc√mw sImSp-ß-√q-cn\p t\tc IÆ-S-bv°p-I-bmWv sNbvXn- p-≈-

Xv. _n.-sP.-]n. ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS hm¿Ø sImSp-°m≥ sshIn-b-Xns‚

t]cn¬ kmbm” ssIc-fn-bpsS DSa tkma-kp-µ-cs‚ hoSv XI¿Øp-

X-cn-∏-W-am-°p-Ibpw tIcf Iuap-Zn-te-J-I≥ anXs\ sXcp-hn-en´v

X√n-®-X-°p-Ibpw sNbvXt∏mƒ ]Xn-tj-[n-°m≥ ]ecpw ad-∂p-t]m-

bn. am[y-a-ßsf \mh-cn™p \ni-_vZ-am-°nb mjnÃv oI-c-X-°p-

ap-∂n¬ ]©-]p-—-a-S°n \n∂-h¿ \n m-c-Im-c-W-ß-fpsS t]cn¬ sXcp-

hn-en-dßn am[y-a-kzm-X-¥y-sØ-°p-dn®v apd-hn-fn-°q-´p-∂-h-cmWv

Ft∂m¿°-Ww.

CsXm-s°-bmWv ]g-b-ap-kn-cn- n¬ \n∂v Ct∏mƒ hm¿Ø-Iƒ.

atX-X-c-Xz-Øns‚ lrZbw ]nf¿∂pw P\m-[n-]-Xy-sØ-cp-hn¬

_em¬°mcw sNbvXpw a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ßƒ Nhn- n-sa-Xn®pw hg-ßm-

Ø-h-scbpw hntbm-Pn-°p-∂-h-scbpw apgp-h≥ th -bm-Snbpw Imhn-∏S

\S-Øp∂ tX¿hm-gvNsb Fßs\ t\cnSmw? Xo¿®-bmbpw t]meo-

kn-s\-s°m≠p amX-am-hn-√. Imc-Ww, t]meo-knepw kwL-]-cn-hm-

dns‚ GP‚p-amcpw ]nWn-bm-fp-I-fp-ap-≠v. CS-Xp-]£ k¿°m-dns‚

\b-Øn\v hncp-≤-ambn ]h¿Øn-°p∂ H‰p-Im-cpsS km∂n-[y-ap-≠v.

^mjnÃv cmjvSo-b-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn hn]p-e-amb P\-Iob sFIyw

Db¿ØpI F∂-Xp-X-s∂-bmWv ]Xn-tcm-[-Øns‚ hgn. A\o-Xn-

s°-Xn-cmbn Ie-ln® IÆ-In-bpsS iXp°sf ]pd-¥≈n t£Xw

hntam-Nn-∏n-°p-Ibpw hnizm-kn-Iƒ hos≠-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂Xv

]Xn-tcm-[Øns‚ ][m-\-Zu-Xy-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wv. B ]Xn-tcm-[-

Øns‚ BWn-°√v sImSp-ß-√q-cns‚ kº-∂-amb aX-\n-c-t]-£- -P-

\m-[n-]Xy ss]Xr-I-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. apl-ΩZv A_vZp-d-“m≥ kmln-

_n-s‚bpw \thm-∞m-\-Øn-s‚bpw tZiob ]ÿm-\-Øn-s‚bpw Iayq-

WnÃv apt∂-‰-ß-fp-sSbpw FÆ-a-‰-k-a-tc-Xn-lm-k-ß-fn¬ \n∂v

119Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


Du¿÷w tXSp∂ sNdp-Øp-\n¬∏mWv hnI-kn®p htc-≠-Xv. AXn-

\mWv kn.-]n.-FΩpw Un.-ssh.-F-^v.-sFbpw t\XrXzw \¬Ip-∂-Xv.

B icn-bmb CS-s]-S-emWv sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ ]Xn-i-‡n-I-fmbn hf-

cm-\p≈ CSw aX-Xo-h-hmZ i‡n-Iƒ°v \ntj-[n-®-Xpw. sImSp-ß-

√q¿ Hcp amdm-Smbn amdm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ Imc-Whpw as‰m-∂p-a-√.

^mjnÃv cmjvSo-- b-Øn¬ \n∂v sImSp-ß-√q-cns\ tamNn-∏n-°p-∂-h-

cm-sI, a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ßsf am\n-°p∂hcm-sI, AWn-\n-c-°m≥

C\nbpw sshIn-°q-Sm. b-am-Wv AhnsS cn-°p-∂Xv F∂v mjn-

k-Øns‚ ImeØv P¿a-\nsb Nq≠n _lvXv ]d™ kml-Ncyw

sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ C\nbpw XpS¿∂p IqSm. sImSp-ß-√q-cnse th -°m¿

°pw Cc-Iƒ°pw amt[y \njv]-£-X-bpsS hgp-h-gpØ CSw At\z-

jn-°p-∂-h-cpsS Adn-hn-te-°mbn \mkn A[n-\n-th-i-Im-esØ

P¿Ω≥ Ihn \ntbm ap≈-dpsS hcn-Iƒ Ipdn-®n-S-s´.

""BZyw Ah¿ PqX-∑msc tXSn-h∂p

Rms\m∂pw ]d-™n√

ImcWw Rm≥ PqX-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√.

]n∂o-S-h¿ ItØm-en-°sc tXSn h∂p

Rms\m∂pw ]d--™n√

ImcWw Rm≥ ItØm-en-°-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√.

AXn-\p-tijw Ah¿ Iayq-Wn-ÃpIm

sctXSn h∂p.

At∏mgpw Rm≥ au\w ]men®p

ImcWw Rm≥ Iayq-Wn-Ãpam-bn-cp-∂n√

HSp-hn¬ Ah¿ Fs∂ tXSn h∂p

At∏m--tg°pw F\n-°p-th≠n

kwkm-cn-°m≥

Bcpw Ah-ti-jn-®n-cp-∂n-√.''

am[yaw, 2008 Pqsse


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

aX-an-√mØ Poh≥

AeIvkm≥Un-b-bnse hnJym-X-amb sse_-dn-bnse Aaq-ey-

amb KŸ-ti-J-c-Øn\v Xo sImSpØ aX-au-en-I-hm-Zn-Iƒ BtIm-

in-®Xv F√m Adn-hp-Ifpw Jp¿-B-\n-ep≠v F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. aXm-‘-

X-bn¬ \n∂p-f-hm-Ip∂ Cu hn⁄m-\-hn-tcm-[-Øns‚ X\n-bm-h¿Ø-

\-am-bn-cp∂p GXm\pw Znhkw ap≥]v ae-∏p-dØp \S∂ ]pkvX-I-Z-

l-\w. t]mf≠v Iog-S-°nb ln‰-e-dpsS \mkn-∏-Sbpw _mKvZmZv Iog-

S-°nb Ata-cn-°≥ tk\bpw BZyw sNbvXXv hnip-X-amb KŸ-

ti-J-c-ßfpw kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ tijn-∏p-Iƒ kq£n-®p-h-®n-´p≈

ayqkn-b-ßfpw Nmº-em-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. C¥y-bnse kwL-]-cn-hm-

dns‚ hgnbpw CXp-X-s∂. tIm¨K pw ]pkvXIw IØn-°-ens‚

Imcy-Øn¬ H´p ]nd-In-e-√. CFw-F- ns‚ "C¥y≥ kzmX¥y

ka-c-N-cnXw', tKmZm-hcn ]cp-te-°-dpsS tIµ kmlnXy A°m-Zan

Ahm¿Uv t\Snb "a\p-jy-\p-W-cp-tºmƒ' F∂o ]pkvX-I-ßƒ IØn-

®Xv sI.-F-kv.-bp-°m-cm-bn-cp-∂p. ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿, aX-t\-Xm-°ƒ, kap-

Zmb ]am-Wn-am¿ cmjvSob t\Xm-°ƒ F∂n-h-sc√mw Pzc-_m-[n-X-

sc-t∏mse sXcp-hn-en-d-ßm\pw ]pkvX-I-Øn\v Xobn-Sm\pw c‡w

Nn¥m\pw Poh≥ shSn-bm-\p-sa-√m-ap≈ Iem-]m-lzm-\-ßƒ apg-°p-

∂p.

tIc-f-Ønse ]mT-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ aX-\n-tj-[hpw ssZh-\n-µbpw

Btcm-]n-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Hm¿Ω hcp-∂Xv ]kn-≤-amb "kvtIm∏vkv

S-b¬' F∂ kw`-h-amWv a\pjys\ ssZhw krjvSn®p F∂

ss__nƒ kn≤m-¥-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn ]Tn-∏n® Ip‰-Øn-\mWv

121Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


sslkvIqƒ A≤ym-]-I-\mb tPm¨ tXmakv kvtIm∏v Ata-cn-°-

bn¬ 1925-˛¬ hnNm-cW t\cn-´-Xv. Cu hnNm-cW Um¿hn-\n-k-sØ-

°p-dn-®v s]mXp-P-\-ß-fn¬ ka-K-amb imkvX-t_m[w i‡n-s∏-Sm≥

klm-b-I-c-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. tIc-f-Øn¬ Ct∏mƒ \S-°p∂ ]pkvX-

I-hn-Nm-c-Wbpw aX-\n-c-t]-£-X-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Hcp kwhm-Z-ambn hnI-

kn-∏n-°m-\m-bm¬ \∂v.

"aX-an-√mØ Poh≥' F∂ ]pkvX-I-Ønse hnhm-Z-]m-T-Ønse

ani-hn-hm-ln-X-cmb Zº-Xn-am-cpsS Ipńsb kvIqfn¬ tN¿°ptºmƒ

aXhpw PmXnbpw tcJ-s∏-- Sp-Øp-∂n√ F∂-Xm-Wt√m ]iv\w. aXta

th≠ F∂-√. hep-Xm-Ip-tºmƒ CjvS-ap≈ aXw Ipń Xs∂ Xnc-

s™-Sp-°s´ F∂m-W-Xn¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. kzbw Xocpam-\-sa-Sp-°m-

\p≈ Ign-hp-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ aXw Xnc-s™--Sp-°m-\p≈ kzmX¥yw

A\p-h-Zn-°p∂ CX-ta¬ P\m-[n-]-Xy-]-chpw DZm-c-hp-amb \ne-]m-Sn-

s\-bmWv aX-\n-tj-[-ambn Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNøp-∂-Xv. ani-hn-hm-

lsØ al-Xz-h-XvI-cn-°p∂p F∂mWv ]pkvX-I-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb Ip‰-

]-X-Ønse thsdmcp Btcm-]Ww! Ccp-]-Øn-sbm∂mw \q‰m-≠nse

tIc-f-Øn¬ \n∂v Ct∏mgpw Cß-s\-sbms° ]d-bm≥ N¿Ω--_-e-

ap≈ Iptd-t∏¿ Chn-sS-bp-≠v. NmØ≥]p-e-bs\ ]W-bn® kmhnXn

A¥¿÷-\-sØ-°p-dn®v alm-Ihn Ipam-c-\m-im≥ "Zpc--hÿ' bn¬

Fgp-Xn-bXv ap°q¬ \q‰m-≠n-te-sd-°mew ap≥]m-Wv. _jo-dns‚

"t]a-te-J\w' F∂ IY-bn¬ tIi-h≥ \mbcpw kmd-Ωbpw ]Xn-

‰m-≠p-Iƒ°p ap≥]v Is≠-Ønb DØcw amX-amWv "aX-an-√mØ

Poh≥' Bh¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. ]d-bn-s]‰ ]¥n-cp-Ip-e-Ønse ]ap-J-

amb ]m°-\m¿ kz¥w aI\v "Aa-X≥' (a-X-an-√m-Ø-h≥) F∂ t]cn´

\mń-emWv CjvS-ap≈ aXw Xnc-s™-Sp-°s´ F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv ]mXI

am-Ip-∂Xv!

ani-hn-hm-ln-X-cmb Cµn-cm-Km-‘nbpw cmPohpw kRvPbpw ]nb-

¶-bp-a-S-ßp∂ s\lvdp IpSpw-_-Øns‚ ]mc-º-cysØ°pdn-®p≈ A`n-

am\w tIm¨K- p-Im¿°v \jvS-amtbm? hb-em¿ chn-tbbpw tagvkn-

tbbpw ]pd-Øm°n Cµn-cm-`-h-\n¬ ]pWymlw Xfn-°ptam? C.-A-

l-Ω-Zn-t‚bpw A_vZp-≈-t°m-b-bp-tSbpw Ja-dp-∂ok A≥h-dn-t‚bpw

a°ƒ°v Ducp-hn-e-t°¿s∏-Sp-Øptam? ]≈n-bn¬ t]mbn-ń-√m-Ø,

kXy-]-Xn-⁄m-th-f-bn¬ ZrV-]-Xn-⁄-amXw FSp-Øn- p≈ B‚-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Wnsb ]nSn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]mbn ]q¿∆-Ime ]m_-ey-tØmsS amtam-

Zok ap°ptam? ]pkvX-I-Øn-s\-Xnsc hmtfm-ßp-∂-h¿ adp-]Sn ]d-

b-Ww.

aX-X-Øz-ßfpw aX-\n-c-t]-£-Xbpw

aX-\n-µ-sb∂ Btcm-]-W-Øn\v hnt[-b-amb ]mT-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬

aX-ßƒ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂ kln-jvWp-X-bp-tSbpw kmtlm-Z-cy-

Øn-t‚bpw am\-hn-I-X-bp-tSbpw ktµiw ]Im-in-°p-∂p-≠v. Jp¿-

B\pw ss__nfpw alm-`m-c-Xhpw D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v \¬Ip∂ B

ktµiw Fß-s\-bmWv aX-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-hpI? Nmth-dp-Isf krjvSn-

°p∂ aX-t_m[w hf¿Øp-∂n√ F∂Xv aX-\n-tj-[-am-sW-¶n¬

Ggmw ¢m nse ]pkvXIw B Ip‰w Nm¿Ø-s∏-Sm≥ A¿l-cm-Wv.

F∂m¬, Km‘n-Pn-bp-tSbpw Bkm-Zn-t‚bpw aZ¿ sXtc-k-bp-tSbpw

aXsØ AXp ]cn-N-b--s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. amam-¶hpw Beph inh-cm-

Xnbpw i_-cn-ae Xo¿∞m-S-\hpw amcm-a¨ I¨h≥j\pw ]cm-a¿in-

°p∂ ]mT- m-K-ßƒ Fß-s\-bmWv hnizm-ksØ l\n-°pI?

Xo¿®-bmbpw Cu ]pkvXIw aX-\n-c-t]-£-X-bpsS ka-K-ho-

£Ww Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. GXv aX-Ønepw hniz-kn-°m-\p≈

Ah-Im-i-amWv aX-\n-c-t]-£X F∂Xv Hcp mKnI ho£Ww amX-

am-Wv. AtXm--sSm∏w Hcp aX-Ønepw hniz-kn-°m-Xn-cn-°m-\p≈ Ah-

Im-ihpw aX-\n-c-t]-£-X-bpsS kØ-bm-Wv. \n¿Ω-X-\mbn Pohn-

°m-\p≈ Ah-Im-i-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-∂Xv aX-\n-µ-bm-sW∂v Bt£-

]n-°p-∂-h¿ CXv c-W-LS\ Dd-∏p-\¬Ip∂ Ah-Im-i-am-sW∂v ad-

°-cp-Xv. A°q-´-cpsS hmZw `c-W-L-S-\-sb-Øs∂ sh√p-hn-fn-

°p∂XmWv. Npcp-°-Øn¬ aX-\n-c-t]-£-X-bpsS XØz-ßfpw aX-

ß-fpsS e£y-ßfpw ka-K-ambpw bYm¿∞-ambpw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂

]pkvX-I-am-Wv. CXv Ip´n-I-fn¬ Xncn-®-dn-hp-Iƒ krjvSn-°p-Ibpw Pohn-

X-tØbpw aX-tØbpw hna¿i-\-]-c-ambn hne-bn-cp-Øm≥ ]m]vX-am-

°p-Ibpw sNøpw F∂-Xn-emWv Nne¿°v ]cn-`m-¥n. ]ptcm-ln-X-a-X-

Øns‚ A]-`w-i-ßfpw Im]-Sy-ßfpw Ipcp-∂p-a-\- p-I-fn¬ hnNm-c-

Wbv°p hnt[-b-am-°ptam F∂v b-°p-∂-h¿ A‘-amb aX-hn-izm-

k-Øns‚ ad-hn¬ ]eXpw Hfn-∏n-°m≥ BK-ln-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv.

ChnsS aX-\n-c-t]-£-X-bmWv aX-hn-cp-≤-X-bmbn Zp¿hym-Jym\w

123Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


sNø-s∏-´-Xv. F∂m¬, imkvX-Øns‚ aWvU-e-Ønse ]e-kp-]-

[m\ Is≠-Ø-ep-Ifpw ]mT-]p-kvX-I-ß-fn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv ]e-

t∏mgpw hnizm-k-Øns‚ t]cn¬ FXn¿°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. Um¿hns‚

]cn-Wm-a-kn-≤m-¥-Øn-s\-Xn-sc-bm-bn-cp∂p \o°w. Imen-t^m¿Wn-

bm-bnse kvIqƒ ]mTy-]-≤-Xn-bn¬ ]cn-Wm-a-kn-≤m¥w ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-

Xn\p ]Icw ssZh-krjvSn kn≤m¥w Dƒs∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa-∂m-h-iy-s∏´p

\S∂ hnhm-Z-tØmSv tIc-f-Ønse kw -h-hn-Im-k-ßƒ°p kam-\X

ImWmw. t\m_¬ kΩm\w t\Snb ]sØm-ºXv imkvX-⁄cpw

hnZym- ymk hnZ-KvZcpw FXn¿Øn´pw hnizm-k-Øns‚ t]cn¬ sXcp-

hn-en-d-ßn-b-hsc Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Dev]Øn ]pkvX-I-Ønse hnh-

c-ßƒ IqSn ]mT-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p A∂v.

F∂m¬, AXn-\p-tijw Gsd Ign-™m-sW-¶nepw ItØm-en°m

k` Um¿h-\nkw AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-am-bn.

tZiob ]ÿm-\sØ Ah-K-Wn-°p-Ibpw IΩyq-WnÃv Bi-b-

ßƒ ]N-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p F∂-XmWv ]pkvX-I-Øn-s\-Xn-

cmb c≠m-asØ Btcm-]-Ww. tZiob ]ÿm-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈

]T\w Ggmw ¢m n¬ XpSßn Ahn-sS-Øs∂ Ah-km-\n-°p-∂p-sh-

∂mWv Cu hna¿i\w tI´m¬ tXm∂p-I. AXn-\p-ap≥]pw ti-jhpw

tZiob ]kvXm-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T\w Ggmw ¢m n¬ XpSßn

Ahn-sS-Øs∂ Ah-km-\n-°p-∂p-sh-∂mWv Cu hna¿i\w tI´m¬

tXm-∂p-I. AXn-\p-ap≥]pw tijhpw tZiob ]ÿm-\-sØ-°p-dn®v

]Tn-°p-∂-Xns‚ mK-amWv Ggmw ¢m nse ]pkvX-I-Ønse D≈-S-

°-hpw. 1857-˛se H∂mw kzmX-¥y-k-a-c-Øn¬ XpSßn 1885-˛se

tIm¨Kkv cq]o-I-c-Ww, Pmen-b≥ hmem-_mKv kw -hw, D∏p-k-Xym-

K-lw, Izn‰v C¥ym ka-cw, ae-_m¿ Iem-]w, hmK¨ SmPUn F∂n-

h-sb√mw ]cm-a¿in-°p--∂p-≠v. H∂mw kzmX¥y ka-c-Ønse

BZysØ c‡-km£n awK¬ ]mWvsU-sb-°p-dn®pw as‰mcp c‡-

km£n ]o¿ap-l-Ω-Zn-s\-°p-dn®pw D≈ ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ kzmX¥yk-

a-c-t]m-cm-fn-I-fpsS [o-c-X-sbbpw tZim-`n-am-\-sØbpw Ipdn-®p≈

t_m[w hf¿Øpw.

_nójv aPn-kvtS‰v Ãoh≥kns\ shSn-sh-®p-sIm∂ im¥n-tLm-

jn-s‚bpw kp\nXm Nu[-cn-bp-sSbpw [oc-IrXysØ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-

Øp-∂Xv Ipń-Isf tXms°-Sp-°m≥ t]cn-∏n-°pw, Ah-cn¬ hntZzjw


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

hf¿Øpw Fs∂m-s°-bp≈ hmZ-ßfpw N¿®-bn¬ tI´p. F¥m-bmepw

Hcp Imcyw Dd-∏v. Ata-cn-°-bnepw C¥y-bnepw F√m-ap≈ htc-Wy-

hn-Zym-e-b-ß-fn¬ ]c-kv]cw tXms°-SpØv IW-°p-Xo¿°p∂ at\m-

tcm-Kn-Isf Cu ]mT-]p-kvX-I-ßƒ Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°n√. adn-®v, am\-hn-I-

X-bp-sSbpw kzmX-¥y-Øn-s‚bpw ]£Øv Bbp-[-sa-SpØv s]mcp-

Xnb tZi-kvt\-ln-Isf Bcm-[n-°p∂ Xe-ap-d-sb-bmhpw krjvSn-°p-

I. Cu ]pkvXIw ]gb Nne ]pkvX-I-ß-sf-t∏mse ]m¿iz-ho-

£Ww Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p-an-√. kzmX-¥y-k-a-c-Øns‚ hn`n∂ [mc-

I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ kmam-\y-amb t_m[w krjvSn-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂Xv.

IΩyq-Wnkw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p F∂-XmWv as‰mcp Bt£-]w.

AXn\v sXfnthm G.-sI.-Pn-bpsS Bfl-I-Y-bn¬ \n∂p≈ D≤-c-Wn-

bpw A[n-I-hm-b-\bv°p \n¿--t±-in® "\Ω-sfm∂pw' "]m -_m°n' bpw

G.-sI.-Pn-bpsS Bfl-I-Y-bnse P∑n-Xz-Øns‚ \mfp-I-fnse Irjn-

°m-cs‚ ssZ\y-X-sb-°p-dn®v lrZ-b-kv]¿in-bmbn hnh-cn-°p∂ mK-

amWv Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ńsb kw_-‘n®

`mK-a-√. Ipń-I-fpsS a\- n¬ X´p∂ hn[-Øn¬ GsX-¶nepw

tIm¨K v t\Xm-hns‚ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ P∑n-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®v Hcp hnh-

cWw -Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°mtam? \Ω-sfm∂pw ]m -_m-°nbpw IΩyq-WnÃv

kmln-Xy-sa∂v apZ-IpØn Akv]r-iy-am°n \n¿-tØ-≠-XmtWm?

tIcfw ]n∂n´ hgn-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ Dƒ°mgvN \¬-Ip-∂-Xn¬ B

]pkvX-I-ß-fpsS ]¶v cmjvSob Xnancw _m[n-®-h¿°-√msX

a‰m¿°mWv \ntj-[n-°m-\m-hpI?

Adn-hns‚ hgn

IΩyq-Wnkw Ft∂m IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-sbt∂m D≈ Hcp hm°p-

t]mepw B ]pkvX-I-Øn-en-√. Gjy-bnse BZysØ Xnc-s™-Sp-

°-s∏´ IΩyq-WnÃv c-Wm-[n-Im-cn, alm-\mb C.-Fw.-F- ns‚ t]cp-

t]mepw B ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂n-√. IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-

bp-tSbpw C.-Fw.-F- n-t‚bpw t]cv tIc-f-Øns‚ Ncn-X-Øn¬ \ymb-

ambpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂ Imcy-Øn¬ B¿°mWv X¿°-

ap-≠m-hpI? F∂m¬, Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Km‘n-Pnbpw s\lvdphpw

BkmZpw `K-’nßpw _n.-sI.-ZØpw tIf-∏\pw hmcn-bw-Ip-∂Øv

Ip™-l-ΩZv lmPnbpw Ben apk-eymcpw \mcm-b-W-Kp-cphpw h°w

125Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


aue-hnbpw s]mbvI-bn¬ tbml-∂m\pw D≠v. tIm¨K pw F≥.-

F-kv.-F pw Fkv.-F≥.-Un-]nbpw ]Xy-£- ssZh-k-`bpw ap…nw

sFIy-kw-Lhpw D≠v. ]p∂] hb-emdpw Iøqcpw ]menbpw kXym-

K-lhpw t]mep≈ IΩyq-WnÃv ka-tc-Xn-lm-k-ß-fn-√. F∂m¬,

Nm∂m¿ el-fbpw ssh°w kXym-K-lhpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.

C\n ]d-bq, Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ IΩyq-Wn-k-Øns‚ AXn-]-k-c-

apt≠m? P∑n-Xz-Nq-j-Whpw tIc-f-Øns‚ kmaq-ly-]p-tcm-K-Xnbpw

]pkvXIw hc-®n-Sp-∂p-≠v. Xo¿®-bmbpw CXn¬ cmjvSobap≠v. AXp-

]-t£, IΩyq-WnÃv I£n-cm-„o-b-a-√. P\m-[n-]Xy tIc-f-Øns‚

Bhn¿`m-h-Øn\pw hf¿®bv°pw \nZm-\-amb cmjvSo-b-am-W-Xv. B

cmjvSobw h¿Py-am-sW∂v tXm∂p-∂-h-cpsS cmjvSo-b-amWv FXn¿°-

s∏-tS-≠-Xv.

Ah-km-\-ambn ]mT-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ D≈-S-°-sØbpw \ne-hm-c-

sØbpw Ipdn-®p≈ ktµ-l-ß-fpsS hkvXp-X-sb-¥mWv? ]mT-]p-kvX-

I-sØbpw t_m[-\-sØbpw kw_-‘n® kmº-Zm-bnI ho£-W-

ß-fpsS XS-h-d-bn¬ \n∂p t\m°p-tºmƒ kwi-b-ß-fp-≠m-hpI

kzm`m-hn-Iw. ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ t]-Pp-I-fpsS FÆhpw I\hpw IW-

°m°n D≈-S°w \n¿Æ-bn-°p∂ coXn-b-\p-k-cn®pw ]cm-Xn-bp-≠m-

hp-∂-Xn¬ A¤p-X-an-√. F≥.kn.C. B¿.-Sn-bpsS tZiob ]mTy-]-

≤Xn N -°q-Sns‚ kao-]-\-a-\p-k-cn®pw hna¿i-\m-flI t_m[-\-im-

X-Øns‚ coXn-b-\p-k-cn®pw Xøm-dm-°nb ]pkvX-I-ß-fm-Wn-h. ]gb

]mTy-]-≤-Xn-bnse ]pkvX-I-ß-sf-t∏mse F√m Adnhpw ]mT-]p-kvX-

I-Øn-ep-≠v. AXn-\-∏p-d-sam-∂p-an√ F∂ [mc-W-b√ Cu ]pkvX-I-

ß¬ ssIam-dp-∂-Xv. a\:]mT-am-°p∂ ]gb coXn-°m-h-iy-am-b-Xp-

a√ Cu ]pkvX-I-ßƒ. AS-®p-sI- nb ]g-b-co-Xn-°p-]-Icw Adn-hn-

s‚bpw Bi-b-ß-fp-sSbpw hnim-e-tem-I-ß-fn-te-°p≈ Pme-I-ßƒ

Xpd-∂p-h-bv°p∂ coXn-bmWv Cu ]pkvXIw Ah-ew-_n-°p-∂-Xv.

ChnsS ]iv\w Hcp ]mT-]p-kvXIw amX-a-√. kzmib \nbaw

apX¬ Fkv.-F-kv.-F¬.kn ]co-£m- -e-Ønse apt∂-‰hpw s]mXp-

hn-Zym-`ymk \ho-I-c-Whpw GI-Pm-eI kwhn-[m-\hpw hsc-bp≈

kw`-h-ß-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ thWw Cu tImem-l-e-ßsf

ImWm≥. 1957- -se∂ t]mse C∂pw hnZym- ym-k-ta-J-e-bn¬ cq]w-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ kwL¿jw tIc-f-k-aq-l-Øn¬ aq¿—n-°p∂ h¿§


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

kwL¿jsØ ]Xn-^-e\w Xs∂-bm-Wv. Cu aq¿—n-°p∂ h¿K-

kw-L¿jsØ h¿Ko-b-ambn t\cn-Sm-\p≈ tIc-fob he-Xp-]-£-

Øns‚ ]cn-i-a-ß-fpsS HSp-hn-esØ A≤ym-b-amWv Ggmw ¢m v

]pkvXIsØ ap≥\n¿Øn-bp≈ aX- -km-ap-Zm-bnI i‡n-I-fpsS GIo-

I-c-Ww...

ae-bmfw hmcnI,

2008 Pqsse

127Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


`mKw aq∂v


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

c≠mw Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXym-Klw

tIcfob \thm-∞m\ Ncn-X-Ønse ]Im-i-`-cn-X-amb Hcp

A≤ym-b-amWv Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXym-K-lw. hnizm-kn-I-fmb Hcp henb

hn`m-KsØ Abn-Ø-Pm-Xn-°m-sc∂ t]cn¬ t£Xm-cm-[-\-bn¬

hne°p I¬]n®p \n¿Øn-bn-cp∂ \mSp-hm--gn-Ø-Øn-s‚bpw _m“-

W-ta-[m-hn-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw sI´ \oXn-s°-Xn-cmb al-Ømb Hcp P\m-

[n-]Xy apt∂-‰-am-bn-cp∂p Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXym-K-lw. sFXn-lm-kn-I-

amb B ka-c-Øns‚ πm‰n\w Pq_nen BtLm-j-ßƒ \S-∂p-sIm-

≠n-cn-°p∂ thf-bm-Wn-Xv. F∂m¬ hntcm-[m-`m-k-sa∂p ]d-bs´

AtX Kpcp-hm-bq-cn¬\n∂v; A∂v FXn¿Øp tXm¬∏n-°-s∏´ Po¿Æm-

Nm-c-ß-fp-sSbpw ]utcm-ln-Xy-Øn-s‚bpw apcƒ®-Iƒ ho≠pw tI´p

XpS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. P\-Iob apt∂-‰-ß-fpsS i‡-amb then-tb-‰-

ß-fm¬ Ncn-X-Øn¬\n∂v XqsØ-dn-b-s∏´ ]mIr-Xm-Nm-c-ßƒ

\n¿e÷w ]p\-cm-\-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns‚ thZn-bmbn Kpcp-hm-bq¿

t£Xw amdp-∂Xv sR -ep-f-hm-°p-∂p. B[p-\nI tIc-f-Øns‚ ]cn-

jvIrX kaq-l-sØbpw P\m-[n-]-Xy-t_m-[-sØbpw \Sp-°nb AØ-

c-samcp kw`-h-am-bn-cp∂p hb-em¿c-hn-bpsS t]c-°p-´n-bpsS tNmdq-

Wns\ XpS¿∂v AhnsS Ac-tß-dn-b-Xv. apØ»n (tagvkn chn) Aln-

µp-hm-sW-∂-Xn-\m-em-WtX t]c-°p´n t£X-Øn¬ Ib-dn-b-Xn\v

]pWymlw Xfn®v ip≤n hcp-Øn-bXv! Bdp amkw ]mb-ap≈ Hcp

Ip™v ]th-in-®m¬ Kpcp-hm-bq¿ t£X-Øns‚ hnip≤n If-¶-s∏-

´p-t]m-Ip-sa∂v hn[n-°p∂ X¥n-am-cp-sSbpw B Akw_‘w Xe

Ipep°n kΩ-Xn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-cpsS at\m-\ne F¥m-

129Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


bn-cn°pw? X¥ imkvX-Øn-s‚bpw t£Xm-Nm-c-ß-fp-sSbpw t]cn¬

Cu ]mIrX IrXysØ \ymbo-I-cn-°m≥ hyKX ImWn-°p∂ X¥n-

amcpw kn¬_-¥n-Ifpw Xpcp-sº-SpØp Zhn-®p-t]mb ]gb NmXp¿

h¿Æy-Øns‚ s]m´nb hmƒØ-e-sIm≠v Xe-ap-d-I-sf-t]mepw th -

bm-Sm-\mWv ian-°p-∂-Xv.

CXv Hcp H‰-s∏´ kw`-h-am-bn-´√ Rßƒ ImWp-∂-Xv. hb-em¿

chn-bpsS hy‡n-]-c-amb ]iv\-a√ \thm-∞m\ aqeyßƒ°p t\sc,

]p\-cp-∞m\ i‡n-Iƒ \S-Øp∂ IS-∂m-I-a-W-am-bn- m-WnXv Xncn-

®-dn-tb-≠-Xv. GXm\pw X¥n-am¿°v Cß-s\-sbms° sNøm\pw AXv

]pc-∏p-dØp Ibdn \n∂v \ymbo-I-cn-°m\pw Ign-bp∂ Hcp kmaq-

lym-¥-co£w tIc-f-Øn¬ cq]-s∏- p-h-cp∂p F∂Xv DXvI-WvT-bp-f-

hm-°p∂ Imcy-amWv. bmK-im-e-Ifpw b⁄ime-Ifpw \msSßpw

ho≠pw Db¿∂p-h-cp-∂Xpw AhnsS \n∂v han-°p∂ Icn-ºpI \-ΩpsS

s]mXp-a-fi-e-Øns‚ P\m-[n-]Xy Xpd- p-Isf hngp-ßp-∂Xpw

AXn\p ad-hn¬ A‘-hn-izm-k-ßfpw A\m-Nm-c-ßfpw BƒssZ-h-

ßfpw Bflob hym]m-chpw Xnan¿Øm-Sp-∂-Xp-sa√mw ka-Im-enI

tIc-fob Ah-ÿ-bpsS bmYm¿∞y-ß-fm-Wv. Cu aen-\o-I-cn-°-s∏´

kmaq-ly-hy-h-ÿ-bpsS shfn-s∏-S-ep-I-fmWv ]pWymlw t]mep≈

kw -h-ßƒ.

Cu ka-K-X-bn¬ ]iv\sØ kao-]n-°m\pw ]Xn-tcm[w kr„n-

°m-\p-amWv Un ssh F v sF ian-°p-∂-Xv. \mSp-hm-gnØ ImesØ

sI´ BNm-c-ßƒ°pw A\p-jvTm-\-ßƒ°pw C∂v ]k-‡n-bn-√.-

t£Xm-Nm-c-ß-fpƒs∏sS F√m BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\-ßfpw P\m-[n-]Xy-

Po-hn-X-Øn-\-\p-tbm-Py-amb hn[-Øn¬ Imtem-Nn-X-am-hp-Ibpw ]cn-

jvI-cn-°p-Ibpw thW-sa∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ B¿°p s]m≈Ww? ""BNm-

c-ßƒ thm´n-\n v am‰m-\m-hn-√.'' F∂v ]cn-l-kn-°p-∂-h¿ P\m-[n-]-

XysØ Xs∂-bmWv \nµn-°p-∂-Xv. \mb¿°v aWn-b-Sn®v sXmgm≥

Ah-Im-i-an-√mØ ImeØv Kpcp-hm-bq-c-º-e-Øn¬ Ibdn aWn-b-Sn-®-

Xn\v a¿±-\-ta-‰p-hm-ßn-b-t∏mƒ kJmhv IrjvW-]n≈ ]d™ hmN-

I-ßƒ. Nne ]Xn-I-c-W-ßƒ tIƒ°p-tºmƒ Ah-bv°p≈ adp-]-Sn-

bmbn Ct∏mgpw apg-ßp-∂p-≠v.

""BNm-c-ßƒ am‰n-bm¬ ]t£m`w'' F∂ ojWn apg-°p-∂-h¿

_m“-Wm-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚bpw \mSphm-gn-Ø-Øn-s‚bpw \mfp-I-fnse


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

F√m \m´p-\-S-∏p-Ifpw Ct∏mgpw XpS-c-W-sa∂ A`n-]m-b-ap-≈-h-

cmtWm F∂p-IqSn hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw. \thm-∞m-\sØ

\ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw NcnXw hnkva-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿°p amXta

Cßs\ Zp»m-Ty-ßƒ sh®p-]p-e¿Øm-\m-hq.

CXv hnizm-kn-I-fpsS amXw Imcy-am-sW∂pw hnizm-kn-I-f-√m-Ø-

h¿ CS-s]-S-cp-sX∂pw ]d-bp-∂-h-tcmSv adp-]Sn CXm-Wv. ]pWymlw

Xfn® kw`hw Hcp kzImcy ]iv\-a-√. AXv a\p-jys‚ A¥- n-

s‚bpw kmaq-ly-\o-Xn-bp-sSbpw P\m-[n-]Xy Ah-Im-i-Øn-s‚bpw

]iv\-am-Wv. Cu ]iv\-ß-fn¬ hnizmkn/Ahn-izmkn hn -P\w hcp-

∂n-√. H∂mw Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXym-K-l-Øn¬ hnizm-kn-I-f-√mØ ]n.

IrjvW-]n-≈bv°pw F.-sI.-Pn-.bv°p-sam∏w tNcm≥ tIf-∏-\pƒs∏-

sS-bp≈ At\Iw hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v ssha-\-ky--ap-≠m-bn√ F∂v Hm¿Ωn-

°-Ww. Rßƒ apt∂m v sh°p-∂Xv BNm-c-ß-fp-sSbpw Bcm-[-\m-

e-b-ß-fp-sSbpw P\m-[n-]-Xy-h¬°-c-W-sa∂ hnim-e-ho-£-W-am-Wv.

hnizm-kn-bmb tbip-Zm-kn\v aqImw-_nI t£X-Øn¬ Ib-dm-sa-¶n¬

F¥p-sIm≠v Kpcp-hm-bq-cn¬ ]mSn√? t£Xw X¥n-am¿°p

th≠ntbm AtXm bYm¿∞ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p-th-≠ntbm F∂

tNmZy-ßƒ Db¿∂p XpS-tß-≠-Xp-≠v. hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p taep≈

]utcm-lnXy ta[m-hnXzw Akzo-Im-cy-am-Wv. \thm-∞m-\-Øns‚ Bi-

b-ß-fpsS hnImkw P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ hnime temI-ßƒ kr„n-

t°-≠-Xp-≠v. Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ß-fn¬ Ah-bpsS A®--S-°hpw hyh-ÿ-

Ifpw ]men-°p∂ GsXmcp a\p-jy\pw ]th-i\w km≤y-am-tI-≠-

Xp-am-Wv. AØ-c-Øn¬ hnim-e-amb atX-X-cXz-Øn-te°pw P\m-[n-

]-Xy-Øn-te°pw hgn-Xp-d-°p∂ N¿®Iƒ Db¿∂p-h-c-W-sa-∂mWv Un

ssh F^v sF BK-ln-°p-∂-Xv. I£n cm„o-b-Øn\pw kmap-Zm-

bnI k¶p-Nn-X-Xz-Øn-\p-a-Xo-X-ambn Cß-s\-sbmcp kwhm-Z-Øn\v

Pq¨ 18- \v Un.-ssh.-F- v.sF kwL-Sn-∏n-°p∂ "Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXym-

Klw' CXn-\Iw Xs∂ XpS°w Ipdn-®-Xn¬ Rßƒ°v AXn-bmb

kt¥m-j-ap-≠v. Ht´sd kwL-S-\-Ifpw hy‡n-Ifpw Cu kwhm-Z-

Øn¬ ]¶p-tN¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. A`q-X-]q¿∆-amb ]n¥p-W-bmWv

Un ssh F^v sFbpsS c≠mw Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXym-K-l-Øn\v e`n-

®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]n¥p-W®h¿s°√mw \nd™ lrZ-b-tØmsS

\µn ]d-bp-∂p. CXp t]msemcp kp]-[m\ ]iv\-Øn¬ Ct∏mgpw

131Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


AZv p-X-I-c-amb au\w ]pe¿Øp∂ tIc-f-Ønse tIm¨Kkv t\Xr-

Xzhpw bqØv tIm¨Kkv Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ Nne bp-h-P-\-kw-L-S-\-

Ifpw C\n-sb-¶nepw Xß-fpsS \ne-]mSv hy‡-am-°p-sa∂v Icp-Xp-

∂p. Fgp-]-Øn-bmdp sIm√w apºp \S∂ Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXym-K-l-

Øns‚ Ncn-Xm-\p- -h-ßƒ ka-Ime tIc-f-Øn\v am¿§-Z¿i-\-ta-Ip-

∂-h-bm-Wv. AXn¬\n∂v ]tNm-Z-\-apƒs°m-≈p∂ Cu c≠mw Kpcp-

hm-bq¿ kXym-K-lsØ tIcfw lrZ-b-]q¿∆w kzoI-cn-°p-∂Xv \thm-

∞m-\-Øns‚ ]pXnb IS-en-c-º-ßƒ°v ImtXm¿ØpsIm-≠mWv.

bph-[mc,

2007 Pq¨


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

]Xo-I-ß-fpsS cmjvSob ]tbm-KhpwNne hnX-fi-hm-Z-ßfpw

sFXn-lm-kn-I-amb c≠mw Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXym-K-lsØ tImam-

fnØw F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®Xv Fw Pn Fkv \mcm-b-W-\m-Wv. as‰mcp

FIvkv Iayq-Wn-Ãmb kn B¿ \oe-I-WvT≥ Fw.Pn.Fkns‚ ’\w

sXm≠sXmSmsX hngpßn am[yaw Zn\-]-X-Øns‚ Xmfn-eqsS

Un.ssh-F- v-sF-bv°p-t\sc ho≠pw sNmcn-™p. (am-[yaw Zn\-]Xw,

Pqsse 10) Ccp FIvkv Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Ifpw am¿Ivkns\ kµ¿`Øn¬

\n∂v AS¿Øn-sb-SpØv D≤-cn®v Un-ssh-F- v-sF-s°-Xnsc sNmcn-

bp∂ A[n-t£-]-Øns‚ ImX¬ F¥mWv? Fgp-]-Ø-©p-sIm√w

apºp \S∂ H∂w Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXy-K-l-Øns‚ X-\n-bm--h¿Ø-\-am

Wv Unssh-F vsF t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \S-∂Xv F∂pw C∂sØ \thm

∞m\ ka-ky-I-sf-sbm∂pw -A- n-kw-t_m-[-\-sN-øm≥ AXv ]m]vX

a√ F∂p-amWv Ah-cpsS ]kw-K- -]-_-‘-ß-fn¬ ASn-™p-Iq-Snb

A[n-t£-]-ß-fpsS Zp¿ta-Zkv \o-°n-°-gn-™m¬ Ah-tijn°p-∂Xv.

c≠mw Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXym-Klw X\n-bm-h¿Ø\w amX-am-bn-

cpt∂m? Aßs\ Bbn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ tIc-f-Øn¬ kao-]-Im-e-Øp-

≠mb hnim-e-amb Hcp kmaqly-kw-hm-Z-Øns‚ tIµ-_n-µp-hm-bn-

Øo-cm≥ Cu kXy-K-l-Øn\v Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Cu ka-c-]-

Jym-]\w ]pWym-lhnhmZ-Øn¬ Dƒt®¿∂ncn°p∂ kmaq-lnI

]iv\-ß-fn¬ Hcp \ne-]m-sS-Sp-°m≥ cmjvSob ]m¿´n-I-fpƒs∏sS

F√m kwL-S-\-I-sfbpw \n¿_-‘n-X-am-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]ecpw

sXmSm≥ aSn-®p-\n∂ Hcp ]iv\-Øn¬ Unssh-F- vsF CS-s]-S-en-

133Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


t\mSv ]Xn-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠mWv a‰p-≈-h-sc√mw kz¥w \ne-]mSv hy‡-

am-°n-b-Xv. A\-ßmsX InS∂ bqØv tIm¨Kkv t]mepw Hcp

amk-Øn-\p-ti-j-am-sW-¶nepw kXy-K-l-]-l-k-\-Øn\v \n¿_-‘n-

X-am-bXv c≠mw Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXy-Klw krjvSn® kmaq-ln-I-N-e-\-

Øns‚ i‡n-bmWv ImWn-°p-∂-Xv. F≥ Fkv Fkpw tbmK-t£-a-

k- -bn¬ Hcp hn`m-Khpw amX-amWv c≠mw Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXym-K-l-

Øn\v B[m-c-amb \ne-]m-Sns\ ]c-ky-ambn FXn¿Ø-Xv. Unssh-

F- v-sF°v lnU≥ AP≥U-bm-sW-∂m-tcm-]n® _nsP-]n-°p-t]mepw

Rß-fp-b¿Ønb apZm-hmIyw ]k-‡-am-sW∂v AwKo-I-cn-t°-≠n-

h-∂p. hb-em¿ chnbpw kn sI ]fl-\m- -\p-apƒs∏-sS-bp-≈-h¿ ]n¥p-

W-®Xpw AXns‚ kmaq-ln-I-]-k‡n Xncn-®-dn-™p-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

_nsP-]n-bpsS _Z¬ kXy-Klw Nne kn\n-am-\-Sn-am-cp-sSbpw

ho£Ww ]Xm-[n-]¿ sI F¬ taml-\-h¿a-bp-sSbpw amXw (C-

Xn\v ]Xy-`n-hmZyw t\cm-\m-bn-cn-°Ww kwL-]-cn-hm¿ anXw Fw

Pn Fkv bqØv tIm¨K-kns‚ thZn-bn¬ FØn-b-Xv) km∂n[yw

sIm≠v ipjvIn-®p-t]m-b-t∏m-gm-bn-cp∂p Unssh-F- v-sF-bpsS c≠mw-

k-Xy-K-l-Øn\v A`q-X-]q¿∆-amb P\-]n-¥pW e`n-®Xv F∂ Imcyw

it≤-b-am-Wv. X¥n-am-cp-sSbpw ]c-am-h[n h∂m¬ sslµh hnizm-

kn-I-fp-sSbpw amXw Hcp ]iv\w F∂ CØn-c-h- -Øn¬ \n∂v hnim-

e-amb P\m-[n-]Xy kwhm-Z-Øns‚ aWvU-e-Øn-te°v ]pWym-l-]-

iv\sØ Db¿Øn-bXpw AXn\v _lp-ap-J-amb am\-ßƒ \¬In-

bXpw c≠mw Kpcphm-bq¿ kXy-K-l-am-bn-cp∂p F∂¿∞w.

Cu ka-c-Øn\v e`n® Akm-[m-c-W-amb kzoIm-cy-Xbpw Bi-b-

kw-hm-Z-Øns‚ aWvU-e-Øn¬ AXv krjvSn® Xnc-bn-f-°-ßfpw Ncn-

X-Øn-s‚bpw ]Xo-I-ß-fp-sSbpw sshcp-[ym-fl-I-amb D]-tbm-K-

sØbpw cmjvSob km[y-X-I-sf-bpw-Ip-dn-®p≈ kºq¿Æ A⁄-

X-bn¬\n∂v amX-amWv c≠mw Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXy-Klw shdpw X\n-

bm-h¿Ø-\-am-sW∂ Zp¿hm-b-\-Iƒ cq]w sIm≈p-∂-Xv. Kpcp-hm-bq¿

kXy-Klw F∂ al-Ømb ]Xo-IsØ C∂sØ kmaq-lnI

kml-N-cy-ßƒ°pw ]iv\-ßƒ°pw A\p-kr-X-amb \ne-bn¬ tX-

®p-an-\p-°n-sb-SpØv ka-cm-bp-[ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bmWv Unssh-

F-^vsF sNbvX-Xv. amdp∂ kaq-l-Øn¬ cmjvSob apZm-hm-Iy-

ßfpw ka-c-cq-]-ßfpw B am-‰-Øn\pw hf¿®-bv°p-sam∏w ]p\:Iao-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

I-cn-®p-sIm-≠mWv Unssh-F- vsF ]h¿-Øn-°p-∂-Xv. c≠mw Kpcp-

hm-bq¿ kXy-Klw AØ-c-Øn-semcp XpS¿®-sbbpw hf¿®-sb-bp-

amWv ]Xn-^-en-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. H∂mw kXy-K-l-Øns‚ apZm-hmIyw

F√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw t£X-]-th-i-\-sa-∂m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬

c≠mw kXym-K-l-Øn-s‚ apZm-hmIyw F√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw

t£X-]-th-i-\-sa-∂-Xm-Wv. AXp-b¿Øp∂ kz]v\-am-Is´ F√m

Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ßfpw F√m a\p-jy¿°pw ]m]y-am-°p∂ s]mXp CS-

ß-fm-bn-Øo-cpI F∂-Xp-am-Wv. Fgp-]-Ø-©p-sIm-√-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ P\m-

[n-]Xy ho£-W-Øn-ep-≠mb hnIm-ksØ ]Xn- -en-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv

Cu apZm-hm-Iyhpw kz]v\-hpw. Hcp mKØv c≠mw kXy-K-lsØ

shdpw X\n-bm-h¿Ø-\-sa∂v A[n-t£-]n-°p-tºmƒØs∂ adp-`m-

KØv iotIm-hn-en¬ Ib-dm-ØXpw aWn-b-Sn-°m-ØXpw Ft¥

F∂pw \oe-I-WvT≥ tNmZn-°p-tºmƒ X\n-bm-h¿Ø-\-sa∂v ÿm]n-

°m≥ ian-°p-∂-Xnse Zp¿_-e-bp‡n amX-a√ ZpjvS-em°pw ]pd-

Øp-h-cp-∂p-≠v. Fw _n cmtP-jn\v Kpcp-hm-bq-c-º-e-Ønse iotIm-

hn-en¬ Ib-dn-s®-√m-tam, F¶n¬ At∏mƒ ImWmw Fs∂m-s°-bp≈

sh√p-hn-fn-bn¬ AS¿∂p-ho-gp-∂Xv hf-cp∂ _m“-Wm-[n-]-Xy-sØ-

°p-dn®v Xs‚ am[yaw teJ-\-Øn¬ \oe-I-WvT≥ ]I-Sn-∏n-°p∂

I]-S-tcm-j-Øns‚ apJw-aq-Sn-bm-Wv. Gsd-°mew ]ptcm-K-a\ ]ÿm-

\-Øn-s\m∏w \S-∂n´pw hm¬ap-dn-®n´pw adn-I-S-°m≥ Ign-bmØ ]c-

]p-—-Øn-s‚bpw PmXym- n-am-\-Øn-s‚bpw s\K-fn-∏p-IqSn B tNmZy-

ß-fn¬\n∂v hmbn-s®-Sp-°mw.

X¥n-amcpsSbpw _m“-Wm-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚bpw A]-am-ZnXzw

tNmZyw sNøp-∂n√ F∂m-tcm-]n-°p∂ \oe-I-WvT≥ c≠mw kXy-K-

l-Øns‚ thZn-bn-te°v cmjvSo-b-hn-tcm-[-sam∂v am‰n-h®v t\m°nbncp-

∂p-sh-¶n¬ Aßs\ ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. t£X tkm]m-\-ß-fn¬

hne-t°¿s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ Xnc-kvIrX Kmb-I≥ lcn-tKm-hn-µ≥ apX¬

Iogm-f-I-e-bpsS IdpØ IcpØpw kuµ-cy-hp-amb ]nsI Imf≥h-

sc-bp-≈-h-cpsS km∂n-[yhpw Ago-t°m-Sv, Np≈n-°m-Sv, \n¿Ω-em-\µ

inh-tbm-Kn, i‡n-t_m[n XpSßn-b-h-cpsS ]`m-j-W-ßfpw ]Xn-\n-

[o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw hni-I-e\w sN-øp-Ibpw sNbvXXv PmXn-hn-cp-≤hpw

]utcm-lnXy ta[m-hn-Xz-Øn-s\-Xn-cp-amb cmjvSo-b-a-√msX as‰-¥m-

bn-cp∂p? tIhe hnizm-k-Øns‚ amX-a-√, kmaq-ly-\o-Xn, a\p-jys‚

135Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


A¥- v, a\p-jym-h-Im-iw, P\m-[n-]Xy Ah-Imiw F∂nhsb√mw

]pWyml ]iv\-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-´n-´p≠v F∂v Rßƒ Bh¿Øn®v

]d-™n-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ P\-ß-fpsS ]ÿm-\-Øn\pw P\-

ß-fm¬ sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ k¿°m-cn\pw CS-s]-Sm≥ A[n-Im-c-ap≠v

F∂pw Rßƒ Nq≠n-°m- n. X¥n-am-cpsS A]-am-Zn-Xz-Øn-s\-Xn-cm

bn P\-ß-fpsS C—sb ÿm]n-°m-\mWv CXn-eqsS ian-®-Xv. P\m[n-

]-Xy-Øn¬ BNm-c-ßfpw A\p-jvTm-\-ß-fp-sa√mw \n›-bn-t°-≠Xv

X¥n-am-c-√, P\-ln-X-]-Im-c-amWv F∂ \ne-]m-SmWv apt∂m- p-sh®Xv.

]pWym-lsØ hb-em¿ chn-bpsS kz¥w-Im-cy-amtbm H‰-s∏´

Hcp ]iv\-amtbm A√ Unssh-F v sF I≠-Xv. bmKhpw b⁄hpw

tlmahpw k]vXm-lhpw tZh-]-iv\hpw tPym’hpw a¥-hm-Zhpw

BƒssZ-h-ßfpw [ym\-tI-µ-ßfpw F√mw C∂v ]Xn- -en-∏n-®p-sIm-

≠n-cn-°p-∂, ]p\-cp-∞m-\-aq-ey-ßfpw aqe-[\ Xm¬∏-cy-ßfpw XΩn-

ep≈ Ahn-lnX thgvN-Ifp-tS-Xmb A\`n-e-j-Wo-b-amb kmaq-ln-

Im-¥-co-£-hp-ambn G‰p-ap- p-∂-Xn-\p≈ \nan-Ø-am-bm-Wv.

c≠mw kXym-K-l-Øns‚ e£yw Kuc-h-amb a‰v ]iv\-ß-fn¬

\n∂v P\-i≤ Xncn-®p-hn-S-em-bn-cp∂p F∂mWv as‰mcp Btcm-]-Ww.

]Ir-Xn-°p-t\-sc-bp≈ aqe-[-\-ssI-tb-‰sØ sNdp-°p∂ k¿°m¿

\S-]-Sn-Isf Unssh-F- vsF ]n¥p-W-°p-∂n-√-tX. AXns\ ]n¥p-

W-bv°m≥ Rm≥ amX-ta-bp-≈p-sh∂ \oe-I-WvTs‚ hywKy-amb

Ah-Im-i-hmZw DØcw Xmßp∂ ]√n-bp-tS-Xn\v kam-\-am-Wv. Ipc-a-

IØpw hmK-a-Ænepw ap∂m-dnepw tImh-f-Øp-sa√mw Unssh-F-^v-

sF -Iq-Sn \S-Ønb ka-c-ß-fpsS XpS¿®bpw hf¿®-bp-am-Wv P\-

Iob ka-c-ß-fp-sS-bmsI D¬∏-∂-amb hn Fkv k¿°m¿ C∂v \S-

Øp∂ [oc-amb \-N-]-Sn-I-sf∂v Xncn-®-dnbm≥ Acm-jvSob a\- p-

Iƒ°v Ign-bn-√.

]I¿®-∏\n ]S-cp-tºmƒ F¥p-sN-bvXp-sh-∂mWv thsdmcp alm-

tNm-Zyw. tIm -bw, ]Ø-\w-Xn´ Pn√-I-fn¬ Hcp amk-Øn-te-sd-bmbn

100-tesd saUn-°¬ Iymºp-Ifpw NnIn’m klm-b-tI-µ-ß-fp-amWv

Unssh-F- vsF t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah-tcm-SmWv

_p≤n-Pohn XmSn XS-hn-s°m≠v tNmZn-°p-∂-Xv, \nßƒ F¥p-sN-

bvXp-sh∂v! ka-Ime Pohn-X-Øns‚ ]cp-°≥ bmYm¿∞y-ß-fpsS

aÆn¬ \n∂v thc‰v _u≤nI Im]-Sy-ß-fpsS hnÆnepw Nm\¬®¿®-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

I-fnepw ]mdn-\-S-∂m¬ CsXm-∂p-a-dn-bn-√, Unssh-F-^v-sF-bpsS

_ntU-Kn-s\-°p-dn®p ]d-bp-tºmƒ IWvT-Øn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øp-h-cp∂

hm°p-Iƒ°v hntcm-[-Øns‚ hnj-\o-en-a. AXv tkmfn-Um-cn-‰n-bp-tS-

Xm-sW-¶n¬ tX≥a-[p-cn-a. BtKm-f-h¬°-c-W-Øn\pw hnZym- ym-k- -

B-tcm-Ky-ta-J-e-bnse I®-h-S-h¬°-c-W-Øn-\p-sa√mw FXnsc tNmc-

s]m-Sn-bp∂ t]mcm´w \S-Øp∂ Unssh-F-^v-sF-tb-°mƒ Ct±-l-

Øn\v tkmfn-Um-cn-‰n-tbmSv ]Wbw tXm∂m-\p≈ ]tem- \w F¥m-

hmw.

Unssh-F- v-sFsb ]p—n-°p-∂Xv cmjvSob sFU‚n‰n Fs¥-

∂-dn-bm-Ø-h¿ F∂p-hn-fn-®mWv. kmam-Py-Xz-tØmSpw h¿§o-b-X-tbm-

Sp-ap≈ hn´p-ho-gv-bn-√mØ FXn¿∏nepw P\m-[n-]-Xyw, aX-\n-c-t]-£X

F∂o Bi-b-ß-tfmSp≈ ]Xn-_-≤-X-bnepw ASn-bp-d® Rß-fpsS

sFU‚n‰v Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn®v ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw P\-ßƒ

AXw-Ko-I-cn-®-Xp-sIm-≠p-amWv 163 e£w bph-Xo-bp-hm-°ƒ CXn¬

AwK-ß-fm-bn- p-≈Xv F∂p-amXw ]d-b-s´. kn B¿ \oe-I-WvTs‚

cmjvSob sFU‚n‰n F¥mWv? CS-Xp-]£ kl-bm-Xn-I-\mbn XpS-

ßp-Ibpw ]n∂o-sS-t∏mtgm AI-∂p-\n¬°p-Ibpw AXn-\n-S-bn¬

BtKm-f-h¬°-cWw krjvSn® \h-km-aqly ]ÿm-\-ß-fp-sSbpw

F≥.Pn.H cmjvSo-b-Øn-s‚bpw h‡mhpw ]tbm-‡m-hp-ambn ]cn-

W-an-°p-Ibpw AtX-k-abw Xs∂ FUn-_n-˛-tem-I-_m¶v hncp≤

\mSy°m-cpsS ap≥\n-c-bn¬ Xn°n-Øn-c°n ÿm\w ]nSn-°p-Ibpw Cu

Xnc-°n-s\-√m-an-S-bnepw Pam-AsØ C…m-an-bpsS bph-P-\-hn-`m-K-

Øns‚ ÿncw _u≤n-I-D-]-tZ-jvSm-hns‚ tPmen kvXpXy¿l-ambn

\n¿h-ln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw F≥UnF- ns‚ ]T-\-Iym-ºn¬ ]`m-

j-I-\mbn ]cn-e-kn-°p-Ibpw G‰-hp-sam-Sp-hn¬ kwL-]-cn-hm-dns‚

I¨kƒ´‚mb Fw Pn Fkns‚ mj-IqSn hi-Øm-°p-Ibpw sNbvX

Hcp _lp-ap-J-]-Xn- -bpsS cmjvSob sFU‚n‰n \n¿W-bn-°m-\p≈

b¥w BcpsS ssIh-i-ap≠v?

tZim- n-am\n Zn\-]Xw,

Pq¨ 2008

137Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


cmjvSob hna¿i-\-Øns‚ss]¶n-fn-h¬°-cWw

amSmbn, IÆq-cn-ep≈ Hcp Kma-am-sW-∂-dn-bmw. B\p-Im-en-I-

ß-fnse Ipdn-∏p-I-fn-eqsS Xml-am-Sm-bn-tbbpw Adn-bmw. t]-cn-s\m-

∏-ap≈ ÿe-t∏-cn-eqsS Xml amSm-bn-°m-c-\m-sW-∂m-bn-cp∂p Duln-

®n-cp-∂Xv. F∂m¬ am[yaw hmcn-I-bnse (2008 Pq¨ 2) Xml-bpsS

Unssh-F-^vsF hna¿i\w hmbn-®-t∏mƒ Bsfmcp A\y-K-l-Po-

hn-bm-sW∂v tXm∂n-t∏m-bn. ImcWw ]X-ß-fpsS C‚¿s\‰v FUn-

j-\p-I-fn-eq-sSbpw a‰v B[p-\n-I-hm¿Øm-hn-\n-ab hnZy-I-fn-eq-tSbpw

`qtKm-f-Øn-em-sI-bp≈ ae-bm-fn-Iƒ Unssh-F- v-sF-bpsS ]h¿Ø-

\-ßƒ Adn-bp-∂p-≠v. Unssh-F- v-sF-bpsS kao-]-Ime CS-s]-S-

ep-Isf A\p-Iq-en®pw ]Xn-Iq-en®pw temI-Øns‚ hnhn[ mK-ß-

fn¬ \n∂v Rßƒ°v Zn\w ]Xn \nc-h[n ktµ-i-ßfpw ]Xn-I-c-

W-ßfpw e`n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. FXn¿°p-∂-h¿t∏mepw tNmZyw-

sN-ømØ Unssh-F- v-sF-bpsS km∂n-[y-sØ-X-s∂-bmWv Xml

Xa-kvI-cn-°m≥ ian-°p-∂-Xv. Xml-bptSXv Ipdn®v Kuc-h-_p-≤n-

tbmsS-bp≈ Hcp hna¿i-\-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂p IcpXn Gsd ]Xo-£-

tbm-sS-bmWv hmbn-®-Xv. ]s£ \ncm-i-bm-bn-cp∂p ew. H´pw hkvXp-

\n-jvT-a-√m-Ø, Gdnb ]¶pw ]Xn-cp-amXw _m°n-bm-Ip∂ Hcp hmNI

Ik¿Øv amXw. Bt£] h¿j-Øns‚ coXnbnepw H´pw ]pXp-a

bn-√. \nß-fpsS qX-Imew FX al-Øcw? Ct∏m-sgt¥ Cß-s\-

bm-hm≥ Fs∂-√m-ap≈ aSp-∏p-f-hm-°p∂ \nµm-kvXp-Xn. C\n teJI

≥ HuZm-cy-]q¿∆w AwKo-I-cn-®p-X-cp∂ Unssh-F-^v-sF-bpsS al-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Ømb `qX-Im-esØ ]Xo-I-h¬°-cn-®n-cn-°p∂tXm Hcp Nm\¬

Ah-Xm-c-Is‚ am\-dn-k-ßtfmSpw! Xml-bpsS hna¿ i-\-_p-≤n-bv°p-

ap-ºn¬ aq°Øv hnc¬sh-bv°p-I-b-√msX F¥p-sN-øpw. F¶nepw

Nne¿°v Bi-b-°p-g-∏hpw ktµ-l-ßfpw D≠m-Im≥ CS-bp-≠v. P\-

Iob ]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ ]mtbm-Kn-Im-\p- -hØn ¬ \n∂pw ]Xy-b-

im-kvX-Øns‚ Icp-Øn¬\n∂pw cmjvSob hnZym- ymkw B¿÷n-

°p-∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw hmcn-I-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Nm\-ep-I-fn¬ \n∂pw amXw

ISw-sIm≠ cmjvSo-b-t_m-[-Øn¬ Ipcp-ßn-t∏m-b-h¿°v. Ah-cn¬

Nnesc Xml-bpsS apX-e-I-Æo¿ h©n-t®bv°mw F∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv

Cu adp-Ip-dn∏v Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv.

Fs¥m-s°-bmWv Xml ]d-bp-∂Xv? tkmfn-Um-cn-‰nbpw bph-

tam¿®bpw amX-amWv C∂v P\-ßƒ Adn-bp∂ kwL-S-\-Iƒ!

Unssh-F- vsF thsdmcp bqØv eoKv amXw!! t]mf-≠nse tkmjy-

enÃv hyh-ÿsb A´n-a-dn® ]Xn-hn-π-h-Øns‚ kqX-[m-c\pw Ata-

cn-°-bpsS Acp-a-bp-amb h-te-k-bpsS ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ t]cv BÀmZ-

]q¿∆w kzbw kzoI-cn-®-h-cpsS "]ptcm-K-a\' CS-s]-S-ep-Ifpw a‰p-Nn-

e-cpsS Nm\¬N¿®m-hn-π-h-ßfpw Xmlsb l¿tjm-∑m-Z-]p-f-In-X-\m-

°p-∂Xv F¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv? hn`n∂ ho£-W-ß-fp-b¿Øn-∏n-Sn-°p-

tºmƒØs∂ a[y-Ime a-Xm-fl-I-X-bpsS ]Xy-b-imkvX ]cn-k-c-

ß-fn¬ \n∂v Du¿÷w tXSp∂ kam-\X bph-tam¿®-Ifpw tkmfn-

Um-cn-‰n-°p-ap-≠-t√m. Ah-cn¬ \n∂v Bthiw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Xml

sb _m[n® tcmKw Ipd®p k¶o¿Æw Xs∂-bm-sW∂p tXm∂p∂p.

teJ-Is‚ Bt£-]-ßsf kwK-ln-®m¬ GXm-≠n-ß-s\-bm-bn-

cn-°pw, H∂v, apºv Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn® \thm-∞m\ ]Xm-I -h-gn-bn¬ Dt]-

£n-°p-Ibpw A‘-hn-izm-k-Øn\pw A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ°pw Unssh-F-

^vsF aqI-km-£n-bmbn \n¬°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. c≠v, am^n-b-

Iƒ hmgp∂ tIcf kaq-l-Øn¬ Unssh-F-^vsF ]Xn-I-c-W-an-

√msX ]pX-∏n≥ Nph-´n¬ Be-ky-Øn-e-a¿∂n-cn-°p∂p. F¥mWv

hkvXpX? H∂m-asØ Imcy-sa-Sp-°p-I. \thm-∞m-\-ap-Zm-hm-IysØ

Rßƒ h©n-®p-sh∂ Xml-bpsS Zpcm-tcm-]-W-Øn\p adp-]-Sn-sb-gp-

Xm-\n-cn-°p∂ Fs‚ apºn¬ Unssh-F- v-sF-bvs°-Xn-cmb BƒssZ-

h-ß-fp-tSbpw k\ym-k-th-j-°m-cp-sSbpw BtIm-i-hm¿Ø-I-f-S-ßnb

]X-ß-fn-cn-°p-∂p. BƒssZ-h-ßfpw I≈-k-\ym-kn-am¿°p-sa-Xn-

139Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


cmbn tIc-f-Øn-se-∂-t]mse hSt° C¥y-bn¬ t]mbn ]d-bptam

F∂ sh√p-hnfn; F¶n¬ hnh-c-a-dn-bp-sa∂ oj-Wn. Xmlsb lcw-

sIm-≈n-°p∂ bph-tam¿®m t\Xm-hns‚ BNm-cy≥ cmP-tKm-]m-ens‚

Xm°o-Xv Unssh-F- vsF Xos°m-≈n-sIm≠v Xe-sNm-dn-bp-I-bm-sW-

∂v. Rßsf FXn¿Øm¬ t]mf-≠n¬ sNbvX-Xp-t]mse \nßƒ°v

A¥y-Ip-Zmi \¬Ip-sa∂v Nne ssIkvXh ]ptcm-ln-X-]-am-Wn-am-

cpsS sIme-hn-fn. adp- m-KØv Nne ap…nw h¿Kob hmZn-I-fpsS t]m¿hn-

fn. C°q- -cp-sS-sbm∂pw iXp Xml hmgvØp∂ tkmfn-Um-cn-‰n-b-√,

At±-l-Øns‚ k¿´n- n-°‰v In´n-bn- n-√mØ Unssh-F- v-sF-bmWv

Ft∂m¿Ωn-°p-I.

hb-em¿ chn-bpsS t]c-°p- n-bpsS tNmdq-Wns‚ t]cn¬ Kpcp-hm-

bqcn¬ ]pWymlw Xfn®v tIc-fob \thm-∞m-\-Øns‚ apJ-Ø-Sn-®-

t∏mƒ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-K¿∆n\pw ]utcm-lnXy [m¿jvSy-Øn\pw ap∂n¬

]I®p-\n¬°msX Xo£-W-ambn ]Xn-I--cn® Unssh-F-^v-Fsb

Xml°p ad-°mw. ]t£ At±lw H∂-dn-bpI, ae-bm-fn-I-sf√mw

A¬jn--tagvkv tcmKn-I-f-√. sXm´p-ap-ºp-≈-sX√mw ad-°p-Ibpw hfsc

]g-b-Xp-amXw Hm¿Ωn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Xml°v Hcp ]t£ Iptd-

°mew IqSn Ign-™m¬ Unssh-F- vsF \S-Ønb c≠mw Kpcp-hm-

bq¿ kXym-Klw Hm¿Ω-h-cp-am-bn-cn-°pw. A∂sØ Un-ssh-F- vsF

sb Bt£-]n-°m≥ Bbp[w tXSp-tºmƒ `qX-Im-e-a-ln-a-bpsS

]XoIw F∂ \ne-bn¬ AXv A-t±lw ]c-Xn-sb-Sp-°m-Xn-cn-°n-√.

Unssh-F- v-sFsb FXn¿°p-∂-h¿ t]mepw AwKo-I--cn-®Xpw ]n¥p-

W-®-Xp-amWv c≠mw Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXym-K-lw. tIc-f-Øns‚ kmaq

ly kwhm-Z-Øn¬ Xnc-bn-f-°-ßƒ krjvSn-°m≥ Ign™ ka-tbm-

Nn-Xhpw Xo£-W-hp-amb Hcn-S-s]-S¬. Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Hcp \ne-]msS

-Sp-°m≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-ambn F∂-XmWv c≠mw Kp-cp-hm-bq¿ kXym-K-

l-Øns‚ Icp-Øv. ]mIr-Xm-Nm-c-ßƒ kw_-‘n® \ne-]m-Sns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ tIcf kaq-l-Øn¬ i‡-amb tNcn-Xn-cn-hp-≠mbn.

BNm-c-ßƒ am‰m≥ ]mSn√ F∂v iTn-°p∂ ]n¥n-cn-∏∑m¿ Xpd-∂p-

Im-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw H‰-s∏-Sp-I-bp-ap-≠m-bn. A°q- cpw FwPn-F- ns\-

t∏m-ep≈ ]cn-hm¿ kl-bm-Xn-Icpw kh¿Æ-tIm-bva-bpsS h‡m°

fpw Unssh-F- v-sF-s°-Xnsc iIm-c-h¿jw sNmcn-™p. F√m- ln-

µp-°ƒ°pw t£X-]-th-i\w F∂ H∂mw Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXym-K-l-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

ap-Zm-hm-Iy-Øn-te-°p≈ tIc-fob \thm-∞m-\-Øns‚ hnIm-k-ambn

amdn c≠mw Kpcp-hm-bq¿ kXym-K-lw. Xml°v ]nbs∏- -h-cn¬ ]e

cpw Cu kµ¿ -Øn-se√mw H∂p-In¬ ImgvN-°m-cpsS tdmfntem As√-

¶n¬ \thm-∞m-\-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb t]mcntem Bbn-cp-∂p.

Bƒ ssZh-ßƒ°pw I]S Bflo-b-X-°p-sa-Xn-cmbn s\©p-d-t∏m-

sS s]m-cp-Xn-h-∂Xpw Unssh-F- v-sF-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kt¥m-jvam-[-h-

∑m¿ ]nSn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\pw Nm\¬ Iyma-d-Iƒ DW-cp-∂-Xn\pw apºp-

-ap-Xte Unssh-F- vsF I≈-ssZ-h-ßƒs°-Xn-cmbn ]Nm-cWw \S-

Øn-s°m-t≠-bn-cp-∂p. Aar-X-h¿jm-tLm-j-ßƒ°p ]n∂nse e£y-

ßƒ Xpd-∂p-Im-Wn-®Xpw kp\m-an-Zp-cn-Xm-izm-k-Øn\p \¬Inb tImSn-

I-fpsS hep-∏-Øn-\p-ap-ºn¬ A‘m-fn-®p-t]m-ImsX AXns‚ Dd-hnSw

tNmZn-®Xpw Unssh-F-^v-sF-bm-bn-cp-∂p. I≈-k-\ym-kn-am¿°pw

sNdp-InS kn≤-∑m¿°pw hymP-Zn-hy-∑m¿°pw amX-a√ Pm-Xn- -a-X-hn-

izm-k-t`-Z-at\y hf¿∂p I-gn™ tIm¿]-td‰v Bflo-b-X-s°-Xn-cm-

bn- mWv \nin-X-hn-a¿i-\-Øns‚ ]oc-¶n-Iƒ D∂w ]nSn-t°-≠-sX∂v

]d-™Xpw a‰m-cp-a-√. AΩ ssZh-ß-tfbpw kphn-tij hyh-km-b-

°m-tcbpw Xßƒ-am-tc-bp-sam∂pw tNmZyw sNøm≥ Unssh-F- vsF

aSn-®n- n-√. ]mW-°m-t´bpw Aar-X-]p-cn-bn-tebpw Zm-k-\-ß-fn-tebpw

hnip-≤-cpsS im]-h-N-\-ßƒ°pw tIm[-Øn\pw Rßƒ ic-hy-ambn

Øocp-∂-Xn\pw ImcWw as‰m-∂-√.

aZy-Øn\pw ab-°p-a-cp-∂n\pw A‘-hn-izmk ]Nm-c-W-Øn\pw

hnhm-l-Zq¿Øn-\p-sa-√m-sa-Xn-cmbn Xml-bpsS \m´n-e-S°w tIc-f-Øn-

eq-S-\ofw Rßƒ P\-Pm-KXm kZ- p-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-®n´pw hoSp-ho-

Sm--¥cw Ib-dn-bn-d-ßn-bn´pw Gsd \mfm-bn-√-t√m. Rßsf FXn¿°p-

∂-h-cpƒs∏-sS-bp-≈-h-cpsS A`n-\-µ-\hpw ]n¥p-Wbpw C°m-cy-Øn¬

e`n-®Xv it≤-b-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp h¿jw apºv IÆq-cnepw Ign-™-

bmgvN tImgn-t°mSv Pn√-bnse Hm¿°m-t -cn-bn-epw PmXn, PmX-I, aX,

B¿`m-S-c-ln-X-k-aq-l-hn-hm-l-ßƒ \S-∂Xpw \£-Xm-¶nX ip -]-

Xm-I-I-fm¬ Aew-Ir-X-amb thZn-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p.

C\n am^n-b-Iƒ hmgp-tºmƒ Unssh-F- vsF Dd-ßp∂p F∂

Bt£-]-sa-Sp-°p-I. am^nbm kwL-ßƒs°Xncmbn bphm-°sf

A-Wn-\n-cØn ]Xn-tj-[n-®-Xn\v Izt´-j≥ kwLw I´n-s°m-≠p-

t]mbn icocw apgp-h≥ CSn®v NX®v arKo-b-ambn sIm∂p-X-≈-s∏´

141Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


DZ-bw-t]-cq-cnse hnZym-[-cs‚ ]ÿm-\-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv ]d-bp-∂-sX-

¶nepw Hm¿°-W-am-bn-cp-∂p. Nph∂ ajn-bn-se-gp-Xnb Hcp t]mÃ¿

sIm≠p-am-X-a√ tNmc-Nn-¥nb c‡-km-£nXzw sIm≠p-Iq-Sn-bmWv

Unssh-F- vsF am^n-b-Isf sNdp-°p-∂Xv F∂v Xml-sb-t∏m-ep-

≈-h¿ Adn-bp-I. hmK-a-Æn-epw, Ipa-c-I-Øpw, tImh-f-Øp-sa√mw

`qam- n-b-I-fpsS Itø-‰sØ sNdpØ bph-P-\-]-ÿm-\sØ ]cn-N-

b-an-s√t∂m? B¿.Fkv.Fkv, lnµp cmjvS-Øns‚ sIm®p-]-Xn∏p

Xo¿Ø amdm-Spw, lnµp ap…ow h¿Ko-b-hm-Zn-Iƒ sIme-°-Øn-Iƒ

cmIn-an-\p-°p-Ibpw a\p-jy-i-co-c-ßƒ sh´n-ho-gvØp-Ibpw sNbvX

Imk¿tKmUpw Xncq-cn-ep-sa√mw aX-\n-c-t]£ cmjvSo-b-Øns‚ alm-

]-Xn-tcm[w Xo¿Ø Rßsf ]cn-N-b-an√ At√? Atøm Hcp ]mhw

\n-jvI-f-¶≥! Cu "\njvI-f¶' \v ]t£ bph-tam¿®-tbbpw tkmfn-

Um-cn-‰n-tbbpw Adn-bmw. tIm -b-Øpw, ]Ø-\w-Xn- -bnepw Be-∏p-g-

bn-ep-sams° ]I¿®-∏\n ]S¿∂p-]n-Sn-®-t∏mƒ \qdp-I-W-°n\v saUn-

°¬ Iymºp-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n®pw \n -lm-b-cmb tcmKn-Isf Intem-

ao-‰-dp-Iƒ Npa-∂p-sIm-≠p-h∂pw Poh-Im-cpWy ]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚

DZmØ amXrI krjvSn® sNdp-∏-°m-cpsS kwL-S-\sb Adn-bn√

At√? ]Wn-°p-t]m-Im-sX, kz¥w ho´n¬ ASp-∏n\p Xo ]pI-bm-

sXbpw I™n-sh-°m-sX-bp-an-cn-°p-tºmgpw Bip-]Xn ap‰Øv \n -

lm-b-cmb tcmKn-Iƒ°v I™n-sh®v sImSp-Øn-cp∂ \nc-h[n bph-

k-Jm-°-fpsS ]Imiw \nd™ apJhpw Hm¿°p-∂n-√t∂m? kp\man

XI¿sØ-dn™ a\p-jy¿°mbn PmXn-a-X-t -Z-an-√msX Icp-\m-K-∏-≈n-

bnepw Bdm-´p-]p-g-bnepw amk-ß-fmbn \S-Ønb Zpcn-Xm-izm-k-Iym-

ºp-I-fpsS ]n∂nse hnb¿∏pw A≤zm-\hpw Bcp-tS-Xm-sW∂v Xnc-

°n-bn- pt≠m?

_pjn\v C¥y-bn¬ Nph∂ ]c-h-Xm-\n-hn-c® kzoI-cWw \¬In-

b-t∏mgpw A^vKm-\n-ÿm-\n-t\bpw Cdm-Jn-t\bpw t_mw_n´p

XI¿Ø-t∏mgpw e_-\Wpw ]me-kvXo\pw BI-an-°-s∏-´-t∏mgpw

k±m-ans\ Xq°n-te-‰n-b-t∏mgpw Kp-P-dm-Øn¬ ]nd-°m-\n-cn-°p∂

Ip™p-t∏mepw NnX-bn-se-dn-b-s∏- -t∏mgpw tIc-fX-Øns‚ sXcp-hp-

I-fn¬ B™-Sn® tcmj-s°m-Sp-¶m‰pw AXn-\p-ap-I-fnse sh≈-]m-

Xm-Ibpw I≠n-s√t∂m? A√tbm kplr-sØ, X\n°v Np‰pw \S-∂-

sXm∂pw ImWmsX Nmcp-I-tk-c-bn¬ Nm™n-cp∂v dnbm-en‰n tjm


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

I≠v ckn-®Xv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Bcm-bn-cp∂p? kPo-h-amb CS-s]-S-

ep-Isf ImWmsX cmjvSob ap≥hn-[n-I-fpsS Icn-º-S-Øn\v Xmsg

B‘yw _m[n®v Npcp-≠p-IqSn InS-°p-∂Xpw BcmWv? C\nbpw

Xm¶ƒ°v a\- n-em-bn-s√-¶n¬ Fgp-t∂-‰p-t]mbn IÆm-Sn-t\m-°p.

AXv IpØn-s∏- n-bv°m-Xn-cn-°Ww F∂p-amXw At]-£.

A-h-km-\n-∏n°pw apºv H∂p-IqSn tN¿°-s´. Rßƒ \S-Øp∂

_lp-ap-J-amb CS-s]-S-ep-I-fpsS Hcwiw Nm\-ep-I-fnepw am[y-a-ß-

fnepw ]Xn- -en-°p-∂p-≠v. I≠n-s√-∂p-\-Sn-°m-\m-hm-ØXp sIm≠p-

amXw Ah¿ Rß-tfbpw ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂p-s≠-∂-XmWv icn. ]s£

Xml Unssh-F- v-sFsb At\z-jn®v Nm\-ep-I-fn¬amXw IÆpw-

\ v Ccn-bv°m-Xn-cn-°p-I. Nm\¬Iym-a-d-Iƒ°v IS-∂p-sN-√m-\m-hmØ

tIc-fo-b-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ kq£va-a-WvU-e-ß-fn-tem-tcm-∂nepw ]Im-

in-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ ]ÿm-\-am-Wn-Xv. Nm\¬Zr-iy-ßƒ°pw N¿®-

Iƒ°p-a-∏p-dw Pohn-Xhpw cmjvSo-bhpw Ds≠∂v C\n-sb-¶nepw Adn-

bp-I. CXbpw ]d-™-Xn-\¿∞w Rßƒ hna¿i-\m-Xo-X-cmWv F∂-

√. sX‰p-]-‰m-Ø-h¿ F∂v Al-¶-cn-°p-∂pan-√. hna¿i-\-ßsf

Rßƒ Xpd-∂-a-\-t msS kzmKXw sNøp-∂p. Ig-ºn-√mØ ss]¶nfn

hna¿i-\-ß-f√; Xncn-™p-t\m-°m\pw Xncp-Øm\pw \ho-I-cn-°m-\p-

sa√mw t]c-I-am-Ip-∂-h.

am-≤yaw hmcn-I,

2008 Pq¨

143Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


Hcp ap≥ \Ivk-sse-‰ns‚]Xy-b-imkvX hn`m-¥n-Iƒ

IpcpS-∑m¿ B\sb I≠Xpw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw kz¥w at\m-[¿Ω-

a-\p-k-cn®v B\sb hymJym-\n-®Xpw kp]-cn-Nn-X-amb Hcp ]g-¶-Y-

bm-Wv. \ΩpsS am[ya ˛_u-≤nI Ipcp-S-∑m¿ AXyp-’m-l-]q¿∆w

tkmjy-en-k-sØ-°p-dn®v kwh-Zn-°p-∂Xpw hymJym-\n-°p-∂Xpw

ImWp-tºmƒ B ]g-¶Y ho≠pw Hm¿Ω-h-cp-∂p. B\sb I≠

Ipcp-S-∑m¿°v ]Icw tkmjy-en-ksØ I≠ Ipcp-S-∑m¿ Fs∂mcp

]mT-t -Zhpw IY°v \¬Im-sa-∂m-bn-cn°p-∂p.

tkmjy-en-k-sØ-°p-dn®pw AXv km£m-XvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈

imkvXob Z¿i-\-amb am¿Ivknk-sØ-°p-dn-®p-ap≈ A⁄-X-bmWv

apJy-[mcm am-[y-a-ß-fnse cm„ob hni-Ie\-ß-fpsS ]I-S-amb _e-

lo-\-X. "kaq¿Ø kml-N-cy-ß-fpsS kaq¿Ø hni-I-e\w' F∂

am¿IvknÃv coXn-bpsS kØ ssItamiw h∂ bm¥n-Ihpw hc- p-X-

Xz-hm-Z-]-c-hp-amb kao-]-\-ßfpw [mcm-fw. tIh-e-amb A⁄-

Xbv°pw kao-]\ sshI-ey-ßƒ°p-a-∏pdw am¿IvknÃv hntcm-[-

Øn¬\n∂v krjvSn-°-s∏´ t_m[-]q¿∆-amb ]Nm-c-W-ß-fp-ap-≠v.

Adn™pw Adn-bm-sXbpw \S-Øp∂ Cu BI-a-W-ßƒ CS-Øp-

\n∂pw he-Øp-\n∂pw Hcp-t]mse hcp-∂p-≠v. F√m BI-a-W-ß-fp-

sSbpw GI e£yw kn]nsF Fw amX-hpw. "tkmjy-enkw Dt]-

£n®v' kn]nsF FΩn\v FXn-cmb F√m hna¿i-\-ßfpw \n¿h-ln-

°p∂ ZuXy-am-Is´ apX-em-fnØw A]-Xn-tcm-[y-amWv F∂ ]Xo-

Xn-bpsS \n¿an-Xn-bpw.


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Xoh CS-Xp-]-£w apX¬ Xoh he-Xp-]-£w-h-sc-bp-≈-h¿ kn

]n sF FΩn-\p-ta¬ Nm¿Øp∂ Ip‰-ß-fpsS kmcmwiw sI. thWp

amXr-`qan BgvN-∏-Xn-∏n-se-gp-Xnb (]p-kvXIw 85 e°w 47˛ kn ]n

Fw t\cn-Sp∂ ]Xy-b-im-kvX-°p-cp-°v) teJ-\-Øn-ep-≠v.

apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚ ]¶v

tPymXn-_-kp-hns‚ ]kvXm-h-\-bm-Wt√m thWp-hns‚ teJ-\-

Øn\pw Ct∏m-gsØ tImem-l-e-ßƒ°p-amsI B[m-c-am-bn- p-≈-Xv..

apX-em-fn-Ø-Øn\v AXns‚ kz¥w ]¶v \n¿∆-ln-°m\p≠v F∂pw

tkmjy-enkw ASn-b-¥c e£y-a√ F∂p-amWv _kp ]d-™n-´p-

≈-Xv. CXn¬ ]pXn-b-Xm-bn v H∂p-an-√. tPymXn-_-kphpw _p≤-tZhv

`´m-Nm-cybpw "B¿Øn-tbm-Sp-IqSn apX-em-fn-ØsØ Bt«-jn-°p-I-

bmWv' F∂pw "30 h¿jsØ XpS¿®bmb -c-W-Øn-\p-ti-j-ap-≠mb

Xncn®-dn-hpIfmWn-Xv.' F∂pw thWp Is≠-Øp-∂p-≠v. I-ayq-WnÃv

am\n-s^tÃm hmbn-®n- n-√mØ Bfm-bn-cn-°n-√t√m thWp. apX-em--

fn-Ø-Øns‚ ]¶n-s\-°p-dn®v tPymXn-_kp ]d-™-Xn-t\-°mƒ

FXtbm apºv ]d-™n-´p≠v am\n-s^-tÃm-bn¬. ""Ncn-X-]-c-ambn

t\m°p-tºmƒ _q¿jzmkn G‰hpw hnπ-h-I-c-amb Hcp ]¶p hln-®n-

´p-≠v.'' F∂v am\n-s^-tÃm-bn¬ am¿Ivkpw FwK¬kpw Nq≠n-°m-

Wn-°p-∂p. (3 t]Pv 42, Iayq-WnÃv am\n-s^-tÃm, t]mKkv

]ªntjgvkv tamkvtIm 1975). am\n-s^tÃm XpS¿∂pw ]d-bp-∂Xv

t\m°p-I.˛ "a\p-jys‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v Fs¥√mw t\Sm-\m-Ip-

sa∂v BZy-ambn ImWn-®Xv _q¿jzm-kn-bmWv'' (t]Pv 43). ""IjvSn®v

Hcp \q‰m-≠p-Im-esØ hmgvN-bv°n-S-bn¬ _q¿jzmkn krjvSn-®n- p≈

D¬]m-Z-\-i-‡n-Iƒ, Ign-™p-t]mb F√m Xe-ap-d-Ifpw tN¿∂v

krjvSn-®n- p-≈-Xn-t\-°mƒ FXtbm hºn-®-Xm-Wv, oa-am-Wv... ""kmaq-

lym-[zm-\-Øns‚ aSn-Ø- n¬ CØcw D¬∏m-Z-\-i-‡n-Iƒ Dd-ßn-°n-

S-°p-∂p-s≠∂v aptº-sXmcp \q‰m-≠mWv kz]v\w ImWp-I-t]mepw

sNbvXn-´p-≈Xv?'' (t]Pv 47). Cu \nco-£-W-ßƒ°v A¿∞w

am¿Ivkpw FwK¬kpw "B¿Øn-tbm-Sp-IqSn apX-em-fn-ØsØ Bt«-

jn-°p-∂p.' F∂mtWm? am¿Ivkpw FwK¬kpw sNbvXXv apX-em-fn-

Ø-sa∂ bmYm¿∞y-sØbpw AXv \n¿h-ln® hnπ-h-I-c-amb ]¶n-

s\bpw hkvXp-\n-jvT-ambn hne-bn-cp-ØpI amX-am-Wv. AXns‚ Htc-

145Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


sbmcp e£yw apX-em-fn-ØsØ am‰n-Øo¿°pI F∂Xv amX-am-bn-

cp-∂p. B e£yw ap≥\n¿Øn \ne-hn-ep≈ temI bmYm¿∞y-ßsf

hni-I-e\w sNøp-Ibpw AXp-ambn ka-c-Øn-te¿s∏-Sp-I-bp-amWv

Ah¿ sNbvX-Xv. AXns‚ D¬∏-∂-amWv Iayq-WnÃv am\n-s^-

tÃmbpw am¿IvknÃv Z¿i-\-am-sI-bpw.

tPymXn-_kphpw _p≤-tZhv ´m-Nm-cybpw amX-a-√, C¥y-bnepw

temI-Øm-sI-bp-ap≈ Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Imcpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xpw

CXp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. \ne-hn-ep≈ temI bmYm¿∞y-ß-fn¬ CS-s]´v

]Xn-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS hnπ-h-I-c-amb kmaq-ln-I-am-‰-Øn\v Bh-iy-

amb uXn-I-i-‡n-Isf kam-l-cn-°pI F∂ IS-a-bmWv Ah¿ \n¿∆-

ln®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

CS-s]-S-en-s‚bpw G‰p-ap-´-en-s‚bpw coXn-I-fm-hs´ "H∂p-In¬

Bims‚ s\©Øv As√-¶n¬ If-cn°v ]pdØv' F∂ a´n¬ efn-X-

a-√, adn®v sshhn-[y-am¿∂Xpw k¶o¿Whpw kq£va--hp-am-Wv. \ne-

hn-ep≈ bmYm¿∞ysØ am‰n-Øo¿°m-\p≈ ka-c-Øn¬ G¿s∏-Sp∂

hnπ-h-Im-cn-Iƒ°v AsX-¥m-sW∂ hy‡X D≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. Xß-

fpsS Bfl-\njvT \ne-]m-Sns\ \ne-hn-ep≈ bmYm¿∞y-ambn sX‰n-

≤-cn°p∂Xv hnπ-h-Im-cn-Iƒ°v ]‰m-hp∂ G‰hpw B]¬°-c-amb

sX‰m-sW∂v ]d-™Xv se\n-\m-Wv. Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ apX-em-fn-

ØsØ AwKo -I -cn -°p -∂n√ F∂-Xp -sIm -≠p -amXw B

bmYm¿∞ysØ \ncm-I-cn-°m-\m-hn√ F∂p-Iq-Sn-bmWv tPymXn-_-kp-

hns‚ ]kvXm-h-\-bpsS A¿∞w.

_wKmfn¬ _p≤-tZhpw tPymXn-_-kphpw IqSn apX-em-fnØw

hf¿Øp-∂p F∂ ]pXnb Btcm-]-W-hp-ap-≠v. 1957¬ I-ayq-WnÃv

]m¿´n A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ h∂-t∏mƒ k. C Fw Fkv ]d-™Xv Ct∏mƒ

Hm¿Ωn-°p-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw. ""Rm≥ izkn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mepw Iayq-

WnÃv kap-Zmbw ÿm]n-°m-\m-bn-cn-°pw. F∂m¬ Fs‚ Kh¨sa‚ v

\S-∏m-°pI Iayq-Wn-k-a-√.'' F∂mWv At±lw hy‡-am-°n-b-Xv. At±-

l-Øns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ Kh¨sa‚ns‚ q]-cn-jvI-c-W-apƒs∏-

sS-bp≈ \S-]-Sn-I-sfm∂pw tkmjy-enÃv ]cn-h¿Ø\w e£yw sh®p-

≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂n-√. apX-em-fnØ ]cn-jvIm-c-ßƒ amX-am-bn-cp∂p F∂p

\ap-°-dn-bmw. tIc-f-Øn-sebpw _wKm-fn-sebpw Xn]p-c-bp-sebpw kn

]n sF Fw t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ Kh¨sa‚p-I-sfm∂pw tkmjy-enkw


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

sI´n-∏-Sp-°p-I-b-√. C∂sØ _q¿jzm-˛-`q-]-`p-hy-h-ÿ-bv°-IØv

AXv km[y-am-sW∂ hymtamlw kn ]n sF FΩn\v C√-Xm-\pw.

apX-em-fnØ D¬∏m-Z-I-i-‡n-Isf hf¿ØpI F∂-XmWv tIc-f-

Ønepw _wKm-fnepw Xn]p-c-bnepw sNøp-∂-Xv. AXm-Is´ h¿§-k-

acsØ aq¿—n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw apX-em-fn-ØsØ Xs∂ am‰n-Øo¿°p-

∂-Xn-\p≈ uXn-I-i-‡n-Isf cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-ap≈ hnhn[ am¿§-

ß-fn¬ H∂m-Wv. apX-em-fnØ hyh-ÿ-bv°-I-Øv, kwÿm-\-ß-

fnse ]cn-an-X-amb A[n-Imcw ssIbm-fp∂ kn ]n sF Fw

Kh¨sa‚p-Iƒ apX-em-fn-ØsØ Bt«-jn-°p-∂p F∂v Bt£-]n-

°p-∂-h¿ hnπ-hm-\-¥c djy-bn¬ se\n≥ \S-∏m-°nb ]pXnb kmº-

ØnI\b-sØ-°p-dn®v a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. HIvtSm-_¿ hnπ-h-

Øns‚ \memw hm¿jn-I-th-f-bn¬ \S-Ønb ]kw-K-Øn¬ se\n≥

]d-bp-∂p, "D¬∏m-Z-\-i-‡n-Isf h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp coXnbpw

am¿§hpw D]m-[nbpw F∂ \ne-bn¬ apX-em-fn-ØsØ (hn-ti-jn®v

tÃ‰v apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚ am¿K-ß-fn-eqsS Xncn-®p-hn- p-sIm-≠v) \mw

D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. (se-\n≥ kam-lrX IrXn-Iƒ,

thmfyw 32, t]Pv 350). At±lw XpS¿∂p ]d-bp∂p: "sNdp-InS

Im¿jnI kº-ZvL-S\ \ne-hn-ep≈ Cu cmPy-Øn\v tkmjy-en-k-

Øn¬ FØp-∂-Xn\v tÃ‰v apX-em-fnØw aptJ\ Dd-∏p≈ IS-Øp-

]mX \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xn\v hy‡n-]-c-amb Xmev]-cy-Øn-s‚bpw sshb-

‡n-I-amb t]m’m-l-\-Øn-s‚bpw hym]m-c-X-Xz-ß-fp-sSbpw ASn-

ÿm\Øn¬ ]h¿Øn-°m-s\m-cp-ßp-I-bmWv \mw BZyw sNtø-≠-

Xv.' (-se-\n≥, kam-lrX IrXn-Iƒ, thmfyw 33, t]Pv 58).

Cu \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ apX-em-fnØw ]p\x-ÿm-]-\-am-Int√ F∂ tNmZy-

Øn\v Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc apX-em-fn-Ø-sØ ]p\x-kr-jvSn-°p-I-bmWv

sNøp-∂-sX∂v At±lw adp-]Sn ]d-bp-∂p. hntZi _q¿jzm-kn°pw

hntZi aqe-[-\-Øn\pw Cf-hp-Iƒ A\p-h-Zn-°-W-sa∂v ]d-bp∂

se\n≥, Cu Imcy-ßƒ sNøp-∂Xv sXmgn-emfn h¿K-Øns‚ t\´-

Øn\pw _q¿jzm-kn-s°-Xnsc t]mcm-Sp-∂-Xn-\p-amWv F∂v hni-Zo-I-

cn-°p-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚ am¿K-ßsf sXmgn-emfn

h¿K c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ hnπ-h-e-£y-ßƒ°mbn D]-

tbm-Kn-°p-I-bmWv se\n≥ sNøp-∂-Xv. hyXy-kvX-am-sbmcp kml-N-

cy-Øn¬, _q¿jz-˛-`q-]`p hyh-ÿ-°-IØv apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚

147Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


bmYm¿∞y-ß-fn¬ CS-s]-Sp-I-bmWv _wKm-fnepw tIc-f-Ønepw a‰pw

Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ ÿnXn sNøp-∂-Xv. tIc-f-Ønse kvam¿ v kn‰nbpw

_wKm-fnse Sm‰-bpsS Im¿ \n¿amW ]≤-Xn-bp-sa√mw Cu kml-N-

cy-Øn-emWv hne-bn-cp-tØ-≠-Xv. Cu CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ apX-em-fn-Ø-

Øn-\-IØv km[y-amb _Z-ep-Iƒ Bhn-jvI-cn-®p-sIm-≠mWv \S-Øp-

∂-Xv. hnπ-h-I-c-amb ]h¿Ø\w AXn-\p-]p-dsØ Hcp k¶¬]-tem-

IsØ ssk≤m-¥nI hymbm-a-a√ Iayq-Wn-kv‰p-Imsc kw_-‘n®v

F∂¿Yw. bYm¿∞ ]iv\-ßsf ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn ssIImcyw

sNøp∂ \nc-¥c ]h¿Ø-\-am-Wn-Xv.

tkmjy¬ sUtam-Ikn

kn ]n sF Fw Hcp tkmjy¬ sUtam-Im-‰nIv ]m¿ń-bmbn cq]m-

¥-c-s∏- p-sh∂v a‰p Nne Xoh CS-Xp-]-£-°m¿ D∂-bn--°p∂ Btcm-

]Ww thWphpw Bh¿Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. Cu Btcm--]Ww ÿm]n-s®-

Sp-°m-\p≈ At±-l-Øns‚ hrYm-hym-bmaw apgp-h≥ XnI™ Ak-

Xy-Øn-s‚bpw sX‰mb hmZ-K-Xn-bp-sSbpw ]n≥_-e-Øn-em-Wv. 200-0˛mam-

≠n¬ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv tN¿∂ ]tXyI ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬sh®v

Imtem-Nn-X-am-°nb ]m¿ń ]cn-]m-Sn-sb-°p-dn-®mWv thWp XnI™

AkXyw ]N-cn-∏n--®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]m¿e-sa‚dn kº-Zm-b-Øn-eqsS

P\-Iob P\m-[n-]-Xy-hn-π-h-Øns‚ ]cn-]mSn \S-∏n-em-°m-\mIpw F∂

\ne-]mSv t`Z-K-Xn-bn-eqsS sIm≠p-h∂p F∂v thWp ]d-bp-∂Xv

Ak-Xy-a-√msX as‰m-∂p-a-√. Cu Imcyw Ipsd-°m-e-ambn At±lw

\nc-¥-c-ambn Bh¿Øn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v A⁄X sIm≠m-Im≥ hgn-

bn-√. t_m[-]q¿∆w Xs∂-bm-Wv. ]m¿e-sa‚n¬ c--W-L-S\m t`Z-K-

Xn-°m-h-iy-amb qcn-]£w t\Sn-s°m≠v \nb-a-\n¿Ωm-W-Øn-eqsS

P\-Iob P\m-[n-]Xy hnπh ]cn-]mSn \S-∏n-em°mw F∂v ]cn-]mSn

hmbn-®n- p≈h¿°m¿°pw ImWm≥ Ign-bmØ Imcyw thWp amXw

Is≠-Øp-∂p. B A¤pXw \n¿h-ln®-tijw apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚

`c-W-IqS kwhn-[m-\-ß-sf√mw \ne-\n¿Øns°m≠v Hcp hnπ-h-]-cn-

]m-Snbpw \S-∏n-em-°m≥ km[y-a√ F∂v At±lw ]m¿ńsb D]-tZ-

in-°p-∂p-ap≠v! thWp-hns‚ Bkq-Xn-X-amb Ak-Xy-]-Nm-c-W-

Øns‚ F√m ap\bpw XI¿Øp-I-f-bp-∂-XmWv kn ]n sF Fw ]cn-

]m-Sn-bnse JfinI 6,2. ]m¿ń-bpsS ASn-b-¥c e£ysØ AXn-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

ßs\ \n¿h-Nn-°p-∂p.

""Dd® sXmgn-emfn ˛ I¿jI kJy-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬,

sXmgn-em-fn-h¿§ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬, F√m A ¬ ^yq-U¬ hncp-≤,

IpØ-I-hn-cp-≤, kmam-PyXz hncp≤ i‡n-Isfbpw Iq´n-tbm-Pn-∏n-

®p-sIm-≠p≈ kJy-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬, P\-Iob P\m-[n-]Xyw

ÿm]n-°p-I. C∂sØ _q¿jzm ˛`q-]`p `c-W-Iq-SsØ XqsØ-

dn™v P\-Iob P\m-[n-]-Xy- -c-W-IqSw ÿm]n-°pI F∂-XmWv CXn-

\p≈ ]Y-ahpw ][m-\-hp-amb ap∂p-]m-[n. C¥y≥ hnπ-h-Øns‚

]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-SmØ P\m-[n-]Xy ISa ]q¿-Øo-I-cn-°m\pw

tkmjy-en-k-Øns‚ ]mX-bn-eqsS cmPysØ \bn-°p-∂-Xn\v If-sam-

cp-°p-∂-Xn\pw CXp-sIm-≠p-am-Xta Ign-bq.''

C-Xn-se-hn-sS-bmWv ]m¿e-sa‚dn am¿K-Øn-eqsS P\-Iob P\m-

[n-]Xyw ÿm]n-°m-sa∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv! ]m¿´n-bpsS BXy-¥nI

e£yw tkmjy-en-k-am-sW∂pw F∂m¬ C¥y≥ hnπ-h-Øns‚

]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-SmØ P\m-[n-]-Xy-I-Sa ]q¿-Øo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xp-

sIm≠v hnπ-h-Øns‚ Ct∏m-gsØ L´w P\-Iob P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-

t‚-Xm-sW∂pw AXv ÿm-]n-°m≥ \ne-hn-ep≈ _q¿jzm- - q-]`p c-

W-Iq-SsØ(K-h¨sa‚n-s\-b-√)Øs∂ XqsØdn-b-W-sa∂pw

hy‡hpw Ak-µn-Kv≤-hp-amb mj-bn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv thWp-hn\v amXw

a\- n-em-ImsX hcp-∂Xv F¥p-sIm≠mWv?

kn ]n sF Fw tkmjy¬ Utam-Im-‰nIv ]m¿ n-bmbn F∂v ÿm]n-

°m≥ At±lw D∂-bn-°p∂ hnNn-X-amb Hcp hmZw sXc-s™-Sp-

∏n¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p∂p F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. _q¿jzm ]m¿-e-sa‚dn kº-Zm-

b-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-h¿ tkmjy¬ Utam-Im-‰p-I-fmbn ]cn-W-an-

°p-sa∂v ÿm]n-°m≥- A-t±lw se\n-s\-bmWv Iq´p-]n-Sn-°p-∂-Xv.

At±l-Øn-\p≈ adp--]-Snbpw se\n≥ Xs∂ \¬In-bn-´p-≈-XmWv

t\m°pI:

""_q¿jzm ]m¿e-sa‚ns\bpw AXp-t]m-ep≈ a‰v ]n¥n-cn-∏≥

ÿm]--\-ß-sfbpw A-h-km-\n-∏n-°m≥ \nßƒ°v Ign-bm-Xn-cn-°p∂

Ime-tØmfw \nßƒ AXn-\-IØv ]h¿Øn-°-Ww. AXp sNbvXn-

s√-¶n¬ \nßƒ hmbm-Sn-I-fm-bn-Øo-cpw.''

F¥p-sIm≠v IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ _q¿jzm ]m¿e-sa‚n¬ ]s¶-

149Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


Sp°-W-sa∂pw F¥n-\p-th≠n AXns\ D]-tbm-Kn-°-W-sa∂pw

se\n≥ hni-Zo-I-cn-®n- p-≠v.

""kz¥w h¿K-Øns‚ ]n∂-Wn-bn¬s∏- -hsc ]Tn-∏n-°m\pw Dƒ\m-

ńse A⁄cpw a¿-±n-X-cp-amb _lp-P-\-ßsf DW¿Øm\pw

Db¿Øm\pw th≠n-Øs∂ sXmgn-emfn h¿K-Øns‚ hnπ-h-]m¿Sn

]m¿e-sa‚n-te-°p≈ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-Ibpw ]m¿e-sa‚n-

\-I-Øp-sh®v s]mcp-Xp-Ibpw sNø-Ww.'' (C-S-Xp-]£ Iayq-Wnkw

Hcp _mem-cn-jvS-X, se\n≥ sXc-s™-SpØ IrXn-Iƒ, thmfyw aq∂v

t]Pv 486).

_q¿jzm ]m¿e-sa‚dn hyh-ÿ-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Ø-h-sc√mw

tkmjy¬sU-tam-Im-‰p-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp-sa∂v CXn-\¿∞-an-√. sXc-

s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂Xv sXmgn-em-fn-h¿K hnπ-h-]m¿ń°v hnπ-

h-]m-X-bn¬ _lp-P-\-ßsf AWn-\n-c-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp am¿Khpw

Ah-k-c-hp-am-Wv. Cuk-ao-]-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv djy≥

]m¿e-sa‚mb Uqa-bn¬ se\ns‚ t_mƒsj-hnIv ]m¿ń ]s¶-Sp-

Øn- p-≈-Xv. Cu ]¶m-fnØw HIvtSm-_¿ tkmjy-enÃv hnπ-h-Øn\v

hgn sXfn-bn-°m≥ AXym-h-iy-am-bncp-∂p-sh∂pw se\n≥ hne-bn-cp-

Øn-bn- p-≠v. _q¿jzm ]m¿e-sa‚ns\ ""]∂n-°qSv'' F∂pw ""skm≈¬

tIµw'' F∂pw hna¿in-°p-Ibpw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb FXn¿∏v

]pe¿Øp-Ibpw sNbvX-t∏mƒ Xs∂-bmWv AXv \¬Ip∂ km-[y-X-

I-sf, Ah FX-amXw ]cn-an-X-am--sW-¶nepw hnπ-h-I-c-amb D]-tbm-

K-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ se\n\pw t_mƒsj-hn°pImcpw Xøm-dm-b-Xv. Cu

ImgvN-∏m-tSm-Sp-Iq-Sn-Ø-s∂-bmWv kn]nsF FΩpw ]m¿e-sa‚dn hyh-

ÿ-bn¬ ]¶m-fn-bm-Ip-∂-Xv.

""C-¥y-bnse C∂sØ ]m¿e-sa‚dn hyhÿ, _q¿jzm-kn-bpsS

h¿K- -c-W-Øns‚ Hcp cq]-am-sW-¶n¬Øs∂bpw P\-ßsf kw_-

‘n--®n-S-tØmfw apt∂-‰-Øn-\p≈ Hcp am¿Khpw AXpƒs°m-≈p-∂p-

≠v. P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn\pw kmaq-ly-]p-tcm-K-Xn°pw th≠n-bp≈ ka-

c-ßsf apt∂m- p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn-\mbn P\-ßsf AWn-\n-c-Øp-

∂-Xn\pw AXv Nne Ah-k-c-ßƒ ]Zm\w sNøp-∂p-≠v. ''

(kn.-]n.-sF. Fw. ]cn-]mSn 5.22 t]Pv 35, Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkv)

AXm-bXv ]m¿e-sa‚dn hyh-ÿ-sb-°p-dn®v kn ]n sF Fw Hcp


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

hymtam-lhpw ]p-e¿Øp∂n√ F∂pw _q¿jzm-kn-bpsS h¿§- -c-W-

Øn-s‚ cq]-amWv F∂ bmYm¿∞y-t_m[w Dƒs°m-≈p--∂p-sh∂pw

CXv hy-‡-am-°p-∂p. sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-eqsS hnπ-h-e£yw BXy-¥n-

I-ambn \nd-th-‰m-sa--- ∂√ sXc-s™-Sp∏pw ]m¿esa‚pw \nb-a-k- -bp-

sa√mw ]Zm\w sNøp∂ Ah--kcw P\-ßsf AWn-\n-c-Øm≥ D]-

tbm-Kn-°m-sa-∂mWv kn.-]n.-sF.-Fw. Imgv-N-∏m-Sv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂

CXv tkmjy¬ Utam-I-kn-bpsS ]cn-]m-Sn-b-√. ]m¿ń ]cn-]m-Sn-bnse

ta¬∏-d™ ImgvN-∏m-Sns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ \nb-a-\n¿am-W-k- -Isf

ka-c-th-Zn-I-fm-°p-Ibpw ]pdsØ t]mcm-´-ß-fp-ambn Iqń-bn-W-°p-

I-bmWv kn.-]n.sF.-Fw. sNøp-∂-Xv. BtKmfh¬°-cW kmº-ØnI

\b-ßƒ, s]mXp taJ-e-bpsS Hml-cn-hn-ev]-\, [\-Im-cy-ta-J-e-bn¬

hntZi \nt£] ]cn[n Db¿Ø¬, BW-h-I-cm¿, h¿Ko-bX XpS-

ßnb ]iv\-ß-fn-se√mw ]pdsØ t]mcm- -ßƒ ]Xn- -en-∏n-°p∂

ka-c-th-Zn-bm°n kn ]n sF Fw Fßs\ ]m¿e-sa‚dn thZn-Isf

D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sh-∂Xv \mw ImWp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

kn.-]n.-sF.-Fw. Hcp tkmjy¬ tUmtam-Im-‰nIv ]m¿ń-bmbn F∂v

XpS°w apXte ÿm]n-°m≥ hyK-X -Im-Wn-°p∂ thWp HSp°w

CXn\v hn]-co-X-amb Hcp A`n-]m-b-]-I-S-\hpw \S-Øp-∂p. ""tkmjy¬

Utam-Im-‰nIv ]m¿ń-bm-hm≥, kn ]n FΩn\v kzbw P\m-[n-]-Xy-

h¬°-cn-°m≥ FX-tØmfw Ign-bp-sa-∂Xv ImØn-cp∂p ImtW≠

Imcy-am-Wv.'' (t]Pv 55). BZyw tkmjy¬ Utam-Im-‰nIv ]m¿ń-bmbn

Ign-™p-sh∂pw ]n∂oSv AXv ImØn-cp∂p ImWm-sa∂pw ]d-bp∂

sshcp-[y-Øn¬ thWp AI-s∏-Sp-∂Xv kzbw krjvSn® ASn-ÿm-\-

c-ln-Xhpw bp‡n-lo-\-hp-amb hmZ-ß-fpsS e-am-bm-Wv.

Xncn-®-Sn-I-fpsS ]mTw

kn.-]n.-sF.-Fw. Hcp ]Xy-b-im-kvX-Ip-cp-°n¬ AI-s∏-´p-sh∂v

kz]v\w ImWp∂ thWp AXns‚ apJy-Im-c-W-ambn Nq≠n-°m-Wn-

°p-∂Xv tkmjy-enkw t\cn´ Xncn-®-Sn-Isf "[oc-ambn A`n-ap-Jo-

Icn'°mØ-Xm-Wv. "[oc-ambn A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°pI' F∂-Xp-sIm≠v

At±lw A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv sKm¿_-t®hpw a‰v Nn-ecpw sNbvX-Xp-

t]mse tkmjy-en-k-sØ-Øs∂ X≈n-∏-d-bp-I F∂m-Wv. Aßs\

X≈n-∏-d-bp-Ibpw t£a apX-em-fn-Ø-ØneqsS apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚

151Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


]cn-jvI-cWw amX-amWv km[y-am-bn- p-≈Xv F∂ \ne-]mSv kzoIcn-

°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-bm-fm-Wmt√m th-Wp. Xs∂-t∏mse Bflm¿-∞-

ambn kn.-]n.-sF.-Fw. tkmjy-en-ksØ X≈n-∏-d-bp-∂n√ F∂m-

Wt√m At±lw ]cn-X-]n-°p-∂-Xv. Ing-°≥ bq-tdm-∏n-sebpw tkmhn-

b‰v bqWn-b-\n-sebpw Xncn-®-SnIsf kn.-]n.-sF.-Fw. hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂Xv

am¿Ivkn-k-Øn-s‚tbm tkmjy-en-k-Øn-s‚tbm ]cm-P-b-am-bn-´√

]tbm-K-X-e-Ønse ]ni-Ip-Iƒ F∂ \ne-bn-em-Wv. B ]n-i-Ip-

Iƒ Fs¥-√m-am-sW∂v kXy-k-‘-ambpw [oc-ambpw \nin-X-ambpw

]m¿Sn hne-bn-cp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. 14-˛mw ]m¿ń tIm¨Kkv AwKo-I-cn®

""Nne ]Xy-b-imkvX ]iv\-ßƒ kw_-‘n® ]tab'' Øn¬ B

hne-bn-cp-Ø-ep-Iƒ AS-ßn-bn- p-≠v.

H∂masØ ]ni-Iv, apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚ tijnsb Ipd-®p-Im-Wp-

Ibpw AXns‚ XI¿® hfsc ASp-sØ-Ønb km[yX F∂ \ne-

bn¬ IW-°m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp F∂-Xm-Wv. D¬∏m-Z\ D]m-[n-I-

sfbpw AXp-hgn D¬∏m-Z-\-_-‘-ß-sfbpw \nc-¥cw ]cn-h¿Ø\

hnt[-b-am°n apX-em-fnØw kzbw k÷-am-Ip-∂Xv icn-bmbn hne-

bn-cp-Øm≥ CXp-aqew Ign-™n-√. CtXm-sSm∏w tkmjy-en-k-Øns‚

tijnsb s]cp-∏n-®p-Im-Wp-Ibpw t\¿tc-J-bn-eqsS ]ptcmK-an-°p∂

H∂mWv AsX∂v Icp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvXp. c≠m-a-Xmbn, tkmjy-en-

k-Øn-\v Iognse c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ h¿K-kz- m-h-Øn-s‚bpw afi-e-

Øn¬ sX‰p-Iƒ kw -hn-®p. sXmgn-em-fn-h¿§ k¿hm-[n-]-Xy-sa-∂Xv

]m¿ń k¿hm-[n-]-Xy-ambn amdn. ]m¿ń Xocp-am-\-ßƒ P\m-[n-]-Xy-

]-c-ambn sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ P\-ß-fpsS thZn-I-fn¬ AwKo-I-cn-°-

s∏-S-W-sa∂ se\n-\nÃv XXzw ewLn-°-s∏´p P\m-[n-]Xy tIµo-I-

c-W-XXzw \S-∏n-em-°p-∂-Xnse sshIeyw Dƒ∏m¿ń P\m-[n-]Xyw

l\n-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bm-°n. aq∂m-a-Xmbn tkmjy-enÃv kmº-ØnI

\n¿Ωm-W-Øns‚ taJ-e-bn¬ D¬∏m-Z-I-i-‡n-I-fpsS ZpX-hn-Im-k-

Øn\v A\p-k-cn®v kmº-ØnI amt\-Pvsa‚ v coXn-Iƒ \nc-¥cw \ho-

I-cn-°m-\m-bn-√. CXns‚ ew kº-ZvL-S-\-bpsS apc-Sn-∏m-bn-cp-∂p.

\mem-a-Xm-bn, P\-ßƒ°pw ]m¿ń AWn-Iƒ°p-an-S-bn¬ h¿K-t_m-

[hpw PmK-Xbpw i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ t]mcmbva kw -hn-®p. Cu

hne-bn-cp-Ø-ep-I-fp-sSbpw ]mT-ß-fp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ sX‰p-

Iƒs°-Xnsc PmKX ]pe¿Øp-Ibpw kz¥w ]h¿Ø-\-ßsf Iao-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

I-cn-°p-I-bp-amWv kn.-]n.-sF.-Fw. sNøp-∂-Xv. tkmjy-en-k-Øns‚

auenI XXz-ß-sf-bmsI Dt]-£n-°p-I-b-√. Xncn-®-Sn-I-fn¬\n-∂p≈

apJy-]m-T-ambn ]m¿ń Icp-Xp-∂-Xv. am¿Ivkn-k-Øns‚ imkvXo-bhpw

hnπ-h-I-c-hp-amb D≈-S-°sØ Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn-°pI F∂-Xp-X-s∂-bm-

Wv.

hnπ-hhpw tkmjy-en-khpw

Hcn-°¬ DS≥ hnπ-h-Øn-\n-d-ßn-∏p-d-s∏´ thWp C-t∏mƒ ]d-bp-

∂Xv hnπhw Akm-[y-am-sW∂pw tkmjy-enkw H-cn-°epw ssIsb-

ØmØ kz-]v\-am-sW-∂p-am-Wv. Akm-[y-amb hnπ-h-Øn-s‚bpw

tkmjy-en-k-Øn-s‚bpw t]cn¬ AWn-Isf h©n-°p-I-bmWv kn.-

]n.-sF.-Fw. F∂ Zpcm-tcm-]-Whpw At±lw D∂-bn-°p-∂p. AXn-hn--

π-h-Øns‚ ]mX-bn¬ \n∂v hnπ-h-sØ-Xs∂ X≈n-∏-d-bp∂ \ne-bn-

te-°p≈ ]X\w a‰p ]e hn-π-h-km-l-kn-I-∑m¿°p-sa-∂-t]mse

thWp-hn\pw kw -hn-®-Xn¬ H´pw ]pXp-a-bn-√. AXv kzm`m-hn-Ihpw

A\n-hm-cy-hp-amb Zpc-¥-am-Wv. hnπhw km[y-am-sW∂pw apX-em-fn-

Ø-Øn\v _Z¬ tkmjy-en-k-am-sW-∂p-ap≈Xn¬ ]m¿ń°v kwi-b-

ta-Xp-an-√. \ne-hn-ep≈ ]cn-Xx-ÿn-Xn-Iƒ Cu \nK-a-\-ßsf km[q-

I-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ hnπ-hhpw tkmjy-en-khpw £n]-km[y-

am-sW∂ hymtam-l-a√; kpZo¿Lhpw k¶o¿Whpw hf-hp-Xn-cn-hp-I-

fp-≈-Xp-amb Hcp ]In-b-bm-WXv F∂ imkvXob kao-]-\-amWv

kn.-]n.-sF.-FΩn\p-≈-Xv. hnπ-h-Øns‚ hkvXp-\n-jvThpw Bfl-\n-jvT-

hp-amb LS-I-ßsf icn-bmbn hne-bn-cp-Øn-b-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Ct∏m-

gsØ hnπhL´w P\-Iob P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-t‚-XmWv F∂pw AXn-

\p-ti-j-amWv tkmjy-enÃv ]cn-h¿Ø\w km[y-am-hpI F∂pw ]m¿ń

hne-bn-cp-Øn-bn- p-≈-Xv.

hnπhw Akm-[y-am-sW∂pw apX-em-fn-Ø-Øn\v _Z-en-s√-∂p-ap≈

hmZ-ßƒ°v ASn-ÿm-\-ambn thWp Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv \ne-hn-

ep≈ BtKm-f-km-l-N-cy-ß-fm-Wv. Cu BtKm-f-km-l-N-cy-ßƒ

imkvX- -km-t¶-XnI hnZy-bpsS A`q-X-]q¿∆-amb hf¿®-bpsS e-

am-sW-∂p-IqSn thWp ]d-bp-tºmƒ c≠v sX‰mb \nK-a-\-ß-fn¬

At±lw FØn-t®-cp-∂p. H∂v imkvX- -km-t¶-XnI hf¿® hnπh

hncp-≤-amWv F∂pw as‰m∂v Ct∏m-gsØ BtKmf kml-N-cy-ßƒ

153Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


am-‰-an-√msX XpS-cp-sa-∂pw. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ imkvX-˛-km-t¶-XnI

hnZym-ap-t∂-‰sØ sIm≈-em`w sImøp-∂-Xn\pw NqjWw Xoh-am-

°p-∂-Xn-\p-amWv apX-em-fnØw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. am¿Ivkv Nq≠n-

°m-Wn-®-Xp-t]mse aqe-[-\-Øns‚ A[n-I-X-c-amb tIµo-I-c-W-Øn-

te-°mWv CXv \bn-°p-∂-Xv. CXns‚ adp-]pdw Bg-ta-dnb Ak-a-Xz-

-ßfpw sXmgn¬ \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ hf¿®bpw alm-`q-cn-]£w P\-

ß-fp-sSbpw Ib-ti-jn-bn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ CSn-hp-am-Wv. apX-em-fn-Ø-

Øns‚ kl-P-amb sshcp[yw ˛ kmaq-ly-amb D¬]m-Z-\hpw hy-

‡n-]-c-amb ssIb-S-°epw XΩn-ep-≈Xv i‡n-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu Nqj-

W-I-asØ \ne-\n¿Øm≥ kmam-PyXzw ssk\n-Ihpw cm„o-b-hp-

amb _e-]-tbm-KsØ IqSp-X-embn Bi-bn-°p-∂p. CXns‚ e-

ambn BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬Øs∂ sshcp-[y-ßƒ aq¿On-°p-I-bm-Wv.

kmam-Py-Xzhpw aq∂mw temI-cm-Py-ßfpw XΩn-ep≈ sshcp-[y-ßƒ

aq¿On-°p-∂-Xns‚ ]Xn- -e\w C∂v temI-ØmsI ImWmw. aq∂mw

temI-cm-Py-ß-fn¬ kmam-Py-Xz-\-b-ßƒ \S-∏m-°p∂ c-Wm-[n-Im-

cn-Iƒs°-Xn-cmbn Db-cp∂ hºn® ]t£m- -ßfpw sXc-s™-Sp-∏nse

P\-hn-[n-Ifpw CXv sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. em‰n-\-ta-cn° CXns‚ anI®

ZrjvSm-¥-am-Wv. amX-a-√, apX-em-fnØ cmPy-ß-fn¬Øs∂ BtKm-

f-h¬°-cW ]In-b-bpsS e-ambn B`y-¥c sshcp-[y-ßƒ i‡n-

s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. im‡nI _em-_-e-Øn¬ kmam-Py-Xz-Øn\v Ct∏m-gp≈

ta[m-hnXzw ÿmbn-b√ F∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. GI-[p-h-tem-I-Øn-

s\-Xn-cmbn Db-cp∂ sh√p-hn-fn-Ifpw _lp-[p-htemI-Øns‚ ]h-

W-X-Iƒ kPo-h-am-Ip-∂Xpw Ct∏m-gsØ ta[m-hnXzw Xm¬°m-en-

I-am-sW∂v sXfn-bn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. AXm-bXv imkvX-˛-km-t¶-XnI

]ptcm-K-Xnbpw apX-em-fnØ hnIm-khpw BtKm-f-km-l-N-cy-ßsf

\niv-N-e-am°n \n¿Øp-I-b-√, sshcp-[y-ßsf aq¿On-∏n-°p-Ibpw hnπ-

h-Øns‚ hkvXp-\njvT kml-N-cy-ßsf krjvSn-°p-I-bp-amWv sNøp-

I. hf¿∂p-h-cp∂ Cu ]cn-Xx-ÿn-Xn-Isf D]-tbm-K-s∏-SpØn hnπhw

\S-Øm-\m-h-iy-amb Bfl-\njvT LSIw ˛ Iayq-WnÃv ]m¿´nbpw

AXns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ sXmgn-emfn I¿jI kJyhpw sI´n-

∏-Sp-°m-\p≈ ia-I-c-amb ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-emWv kn.-]n.-sF.-Fw.

G¿s∏- n- p-≈-Xv.

apX-em-fn-Ø-Øn\v _Z¬ tkmjy-enkw amX-amWv F∂Xv shdpw


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

kz]v\-a-√, imkvXob kXy-am-Wv. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ NqjWw

apX-em-fnØ D¬∏m-Z-\-co-Xn-bpsS kl-P-amb kz`m-h-am-Wv. AXn-

√msX apX-em-fn-Ø-Øn\v an® aqey-ap-≠m-°m\pw em`w h¿≤n-∏n-

°m\pw aqe-[\w kam-l-cn-°m\pw \ne-\n¬°m≥ Xs∂bpw Ign-bn-

√. AXm-bXv thWp ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse FX ]cn-jvI-cn-®m-epw

Nqj-W-ap-‡-amb apX-em-fnØw km[y-a-√. D¬∏m-Z\ D]m-[n-Iƒ

s]mXp DS-a-ÿ-X-bn-em-bn-Øo-cp∂ "tkmjy-en-k-Øn≥ Iogn¬

amXta NqjWw C√m-Xm-hq. AXn-\m¬ apX-em-fn-Ø-Øn-\p≈ Htc-

sbmcp _Z¬ tkmjy-en-k-am-Wv.

Cu bmYm¿∞y-ßsf ad-®p-sh®v Akm-[y-amb hnπ-h-sØ-°p-

dn®pw apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚ A]-am-Zn-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®pw hmNm-e-\m-hp∂

thWp-hmWv P\-ß-sf-bmsI h©n-°p-∂-Xv, kn.-]n.-sF.-Fw A√.

Hcn-°¬ kn.-]n.-sF.-FΩn\v hnπhw t]msc∂ Bt£-]-hp-ambn t]mb

thWp Ct∏mƒ apX-em-fn-Ø-Øn\pth≠n ]Xy-b-im-kvX -Zm-ky-

the sNøp-∂n-S-tØ°v FØn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. B Zmky-th-e-bpsS coXn-

imkvXw hfsc ]pXp-a-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. AXn-hn-π-h-_m-[-bpsS qX-Im-

eØv Xm≥ kzoI-cn-®Xpw hnπ-h-hocyw Xo¿Øpw tNm¿∂p-I-gn™

h¿Ø-am-\-Im-eØv Xm≥ ]pe¿Øn-h-cp-∂-Xp-amb sX‰mb \ne-]m-Sp-

Iƒ kn.-]n.-sF.-FΩns‚ Xe-bn¬ sIń-sh®v ]m¿ń ]Xy-b-im-kvX-

°p-cp-°n-emWv F∂v Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Ø-em-W-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v kn.-]n.-sF.-

FΩns\ ]Xy-b-im-kvX-°p-cp-°ns‚ ]Xn-°q-ń-em°n hnNm-cW

sNøm≥ ]pd-s∏´ thWp-hns‚ teJ\w Hcp Bfl-hn-Nm-c-W-bmbn

]cn-W-an-°p-I-bm-Wv.

tZim- n-am\n hmcnI,

2008 s^_p-hcn

155Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


kz`m-h-l-Xy-bpsS cm„obw

""`ocq shSn-sh-bv°v, \o sIm√p-∂Xv Hcp a\p-jys\ amX-amWv.''

hniz hnπ-h-Im-cn sNKpthc, Xs∂ h[n-°m-\p≈ kn sF FbpsS

DØ-chv \S-∏m-°m-s\-Ønb amcntbm sSdm≥ F∂ km¿P‚ns‚ \nd-

tXm-°n-\p-ap-∂n¬ \n∂p K¿÷n® hm°p-Iƒ. Cu [oc hnπ-h-Im-

cnsb A]-Io¿Øn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ kmam-Py-Xz-Øns‚ sshXm-fn-I-∑m¿

]N-cn-∏n-®Xv A¥y \nan-j-ß-fn¬ At±lw Poh-\p-th≠n bmNn®p

F∂m-Wv. IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿s°-Xn-cmb lo\-amb cm„ob Bbp-[-

am°n kz`m-h-l-Xysb iXp-°ƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xns‚ FÆ-a‰

DZm-l-c-W-ß-fn-sem-∂p-am-X-am-Wn-Xv. emhvens‚ t]cn¬ ]nW-dm-bn-

bn¬ XpSßn Ct∏mƒ C¥y≥ Iayq-WnÃv ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ kap-

∂X t\Xm-°-fmb kp¿Pn-Xn-te°pw ]Imiv Imcm-´n-te°pw hsc

FØn-°-gn-™Xpw tZiob Xe-Øn-te°v hym]n-®-Xp-amb kz`mh

lXym-i-a-ßƒ H‰-s∏-´tXm CXm-Zy-ambn \S-°p-∂tXm As√∂v

ImWm-\m-hpw. km¿h-tZ-iob˛ tZiob Xe-Øn¬ kz`mhlXy-bp-

sSbpw A]-hmZ ]N-c-W-Øn-s‚bpw Iayq-WnÃv hncp≤ ]tbm-K-

Øn\v Hcp Zo¿L NcnXw Xs∂-bp-≠v.

sNKpthcsb AXy¥w Iqc-ambn kz`m-h-l-Xy- \-S-Øp∂ Hcp

hnIe kr„n ASp-ØnsS Hcp ]pkvX-tIm-’-h-Øn¬ ImWp-I-bp

≠mbn. sN sb kvXoe-º-S\pw ocphpw BUw-_-c-]n-b\pw kpJ

tem-ep-]\pw Im]-Sy-°m-c-\p-sam-s°-bm-bn- mWv AXn¬ NnXo-I-cn-®n-

´p-≈-Xv. Iyq_≥ GIm-[n-]Xn _m‰n-Ã-bpsS sIm´m-c-Øn¬\n∂v

e£-°-W-°n\v tUmf¿ hne hcp∂ Hcp BUw-_c hm®v sN ssI


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

°-em-°n-sb-∂-XS°ap≈ hnjw ]pc- nb At\Iw \pW-Iƒ AXn¬

ajn ]pc- n-bn- p-≠v. hnπ-hm-\-¥c Iyq_-bnse A[n-Im-c-Øns‚ AXyp-

∂-X-ß-fn¬\n∂v nZ-en\v kvt\l-]q¿∆w Hcp IØpw Fgp-Xn-sh®v

a¥n-]-Zhn Dt]-£n®v s_mfo-hn-b≥ ImSp-I-fnse acWw ]Xn-bn-cn-

°p∂ Kdn√m t]mcm- -Øns‚ A]-I-S-ho-Yn-I-fn-te°v kzbw Cd-ßn-

h-∂ alm-\mb hnπ-h-Im-cn-sb-bmWv CX tami-ambn NnXo-I-cn-®-

sX-t∂m¿°pI. sN bpsS qtKm-f-Øn-se-ºm-Sp-ap≈ Bcm-[-Isc aqV-

∑m¿ F∂mWv ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Bt£-]n-®n- p-≈-Xv.

^nZ¬ ImkvtSmbpw kz`m-h-l-Xym-i-a-ß-fpsS Cc-bm-Wv. nZ-

ens\ temI-Ønse G‰hpw henb kº-∂-\m-bn-´mWv Ata-cn-°-

bnse t^m_vkv amknI apºv Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv. ImkvtSm-bpsS Poh-

s\-Sp-°m≥ kn sF F \S-Ønb Adp-\q‰n ap∏-sØ v h[-i-a-tØm-

sSm∏w thWw \nc-¥-c-amb kz`m-h-l-Xym-i-a-ß-sfbpw ImWm≥.

tcmK-_m-[n-X-\mb ^nZ¬ ÿm\-sam-gn-™-Xns\ XpS¿∂v hnπ-h-

Øn¬ nZ-en\pw sN bv°psam∏w t\Xr-]-c-amb ]¶p hln® ktlm-

Z-c≥ duƒ ImkvtSm ]kn-U‚m-b-t∏mƒ nZ-ens\ IpSpw-_-hm-gvN-

bpsS h‡m-hm-bmWv NnXo-I-cn-®-Xv. se\n-s\bpw amthmtbbpw iXp-

°ƒ shdpsX hnń-√. djy≥ hnπ-h-Im-eØv Igp-Øn-t\‰ shSn-bp-

≠-bmWv ]n∂oSv se\ns‚ ac-W-Im-c-W-am-b-sX∂ kXyw temI-

Øn-\msI Adn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ ASp-Ø-Im-eØv, se\ns‚ ac-

W -Im-cWw kn^n-enkv Bbn-cp-s∂∂ A[-a-]-Nm-cWw iXp-°ƒ

\S-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. amthm acn®v Gsd°me-Øn-\p-tijw Poh-N-cnXw

F∂ te_-en¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn® Hcp a™-∏p-kvXIw ssewKnI

sshIr-X-ßfpw ssewKnI Acm-P-I-Xz-ßfpw hsc-bp≈ \nIr-„-amb

Btcm-]-W-ßƒ D∂-bn-®p. Ãmen-s\-°p-dn-®m-Is´, Iayq-WnÃv hncp-

≤¿ sNmcn™ A]-hm-Z-ßƒ IW-°-‰-Xm-Wv. At±-l-Øns‚ sX‰p-

Isf ]¿∆-Xo-I-cn®pw Ah-tbm-sSm∏w C√m-°-Y-Ifpw \pW-Ifpw Iqń-

t®¿Øpw kz`m-h-lXy \S-Øm\pw Ncn-X-Øns‚ ]Xn-°q-ń¬

ln‰ve¿s°m∏w ]Xn-jvTn-°m-\p-amWv iXp-°ƒ F∂pw ian-®n-´p-

≈-Xv. tkmhn-b‰v bqWn-bs‚bpw Ing-°≥ bqtdm-∏nse tkmjy-en-

k-Øn-s‚bpw XI¿®-bv°p-tijw kz`m-h-l-Xym-i-a-ß-fpsS then-

tb‰w Xs∂-bp-≠m-bn. tkmjy-enÃv P¿Ω-\n-bnse ]kn-U‚m-bn-

cp∂ FdnIv tlmsW-°sd°p-dn®v _q¿jzm- am-[y-a-ßƒ kn\n-am-

157Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


°-Y-I-tf-°mƒ AXn-i-tbm-‡n-]-c-amb hm¿Ø-I-fm-bn-cp∂p ]N-cn-

∏n-®-Xv. tlmtW-°¿, Agn-a-Xnbpw A[n-Imc Zp¿hn-\n-tbm-Khpw

\SØn iX-tIm-Sn-I-fpsS kºØv B¿÷n-s®-∂m-bn-cp∂p IY-Iƒ.

F∂m¬ B a\p-jy≥ ]n∂oSv Iym≥k¿ _m[n-X-\mbn Atß-b‰w

Zmcn-Zyhpw Zb-\o-b-hp-amb kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ acn-®Xv hm¿Ø-tb-bm-

bn-√. ]gb tImSo-iz-cs‚ hn`-an-∏n-°p∂ IY-I-sf√mw am[y-a-

ßƒXs∂ \n»-–-ambn hngp-ßn.

tIc-f-Øn¬ k: Agot°m-S≥ cmL-hs\ Agn-a-Xn-t°m-S≥ F∂p-

hn-fn®v A[n-t£-]n-®Xv ad-∂p-Iq-Sm. C Fw Fkns‚ aI≥ tPmen-

bp-t]-£n®v ]m¿ń-bpsS apgp-h≥ kab ]h¿Ø-I-\m-b-t∏mƒ AXv

a°ƒ cmjvSo-b-am-sW∂v A]-hmZw ]d-™Xpw Bcpw ad-∂n-ń-√.

\njvIm-a- I¿Ωn-bmb k: C.Fw.-F-kns\ Icp-Wm-I-cs‚ a°ƒ

cm„o-b-hp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Im¿´q-Wp-Ifpw IY-Ifpw \n¿Ωn-

®-h-cmWv tIc-f-Ønse Iayq-WnÃv hncp≤ am[y-a-ßƒ.

F√m kz`m-h-l-Xym-i-a-ß-fp-sSbpw ]n∂n-ep-≈Xv Iayq-WnÃv

hncp≤ cm„obw Xs∂-bm-Wv. emhvens‚ ]pI-a-d-bv°p- ]n∂n¬\n∂v

]nW-dmbn F∂ Hcmƒ°v t\sc amX-a√, C¥y-bnse G‰hpw henb

Iayq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS D∂X t\Xr-Xz-Øn\v t\sc-bmsI BI-

aWw \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv Iayq-WnÃv hncp-≤¿. emhven≥

bp≤-Øn¬ inJ-fin-sb-t∏mse ap∂n¬ \n¿Ønb a™-]-Xm-[n-

]¿ U¬ln-bn¬ \S-Ønb ]X-k-tΩ-f-\hpw AtX-‰p-]n-Sn® bp.-Un.-

F^v ˛ _n.-sP.]n t\Xm-°-fpsS hmsam-gn-Ifpw Iayq-Wn-ÃvImsc

t]Sn®v hnjw Ign®v acn-°m-s\m-cp-ßn-b-h-cpsS P\n-XI ]mc-ºcyw

tXSn s]‰p-s]-cp-Inb am[ya am¿÷m-c-∑m-cpsS tamß-ep-Ifpw C¥y-

bnse D∂X Iayq-WnÃv t\Xr-Xz-sØ-bmsI Ah-tl-fn-°p-∂-h-bm-

Wv. _nó-jp-Im¿ apX¬ Jen-ÿm≥ Xoh-hm-Zn-Iƒ hsc-bp-≈-h-

cpsS shSn-bp-≠-Isf AXn-Po-hn-®, Ggp ]Xn-‰m-≠ns‚ [\y-amb

hnπh Pohn-X-Øns‚ DS-a-bmb kp¿Pn-Xn-s\bpw tZiob cm„o-b-

Ønse sXfn-a-bm¿∂ hy‡n-Xz-Øn-\p-S-a-bmb ]Imiv Imcm- n-s\bpw

BI-an-°p-tºmƒ e£yw ]m¿ńbm-sI-bm-sW∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p.

A¥-cn® k: C. _mem-\-µ≥ X\n°v tcJ-Iƒ tNm¿Øn-X-s∂∂

a™]X-Øns‚ ]Xm-[n] hne-£-Ws‚ Ah-ImihmZw D∂-X-

\mb B sXmgn-emfn h¿§ t\Xm-hns‚ kz`mh [m¿„ysØ Xs∂


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Ah-tl-fn-°-em-Wv.

a≥tam-l≥ knwKv k¿°m-cns‚ Poh≥ c£n-®-Xn-eqsS tIm¨K-

kns‚ B]¬_m-‘-h-\mbn amdnb Aa¿kn-MmWv emhven≥

tIkn¬ kn _n sF cm„ob kΩ¿±-Øn\p hg-ßn-sb∂v ]d-™-

Xv. Xcnºpw hnizm-ky-X-bn-√mØ bph-tam¿®m t\Xm-hns‚ hnSp-hm-

bXzwhsc, \nd™ kvIo\n¬ ]Z¿in-∏n-°m-\p≈ \ΩpsS Nm\-

ep-I-sfm∂pw Aa¿knMv ]d-™-Xmbn `mhn-®n-√. BWh Icm¿

]iv\-Øn¬ CS-Xp-]-£-tØbpw kn ]n sF Fw t\Xm-°-sfbpw

IS-∂m-I-an-®-t∏mƒ CtX Aa¿knMv am[y-a-ß-fnse Xmc-am-bn-cp∂p

Ft∂m¿°-Ww. emhven≥ \ntj-[-Ønepw Aa¿knMv kn ]n sF

FΩn\v FXn-cm-bmWv ]d-™n-cp-∂-sX-¶n¬ am[y-a-N¿-®-Ifpw hni-

I-e-\-ßfpw l\p-ams‚ hmep-t]mse A¥an-√msX \o≠p-t]m-Ip-

am-bn-cp-∂p.

C∂v tIm¨Kkv _n.-sP.-]n. CXc aq∂mw tNcn-sb∂ CS-Xp-

]£ \ne-]m-Sn-s\m∏w IqSp-X¬ atX-Xc ]m¿´n-Iƒ AWn-\n-c-°p-I-

bp-am-Wv. Cu kmlNcy-Øn¬, CS-Xp-]£w tZiob cm„o-b-Øn¬

\n¿Wm-bI i‡n-bm-Ip-∂-Xns\ kmam-Py-Xzhpw C¥y-bnse cW

h¿K-ßfpw b-s∏-Sp-∂p. CS-Xp-]-£-Øns‚ i‡n-tI-µ-ß-fn¬ Xoh

he-Xp-]£w apX¬ Xoh CS-Xp-]£w hsc kmam-Py-Xz-Øns‚

Im¿an-I-Xz-Øn¬ AWn-\n-c-°p∂ hnime Iayq-WnÃv hncp≤ ap∂Wn

CS-Xp-]-£sØ XI¿°pI F∂ e£y-tØm-sS-bm-Wv. \µn-Kmapw

knwKqcpw _p≤-tZ-hn-s\-Xn-cmb h[-i-a-hp-sa√mw _wKm-fnse CS-

Xp-]-£sØ XI¿°m-\m-Wv. _wKm-fnse _p≤-tZ-hns\ imco-cn-I-

ambn hI hcp-Øm≥ ian-®-h-cp-sSbpw tIc-f-Øn¬ ]nW-dm-bnsb

kz`mh lXy \S-Øp-∂-h-cp-sSbpw e£yw H∂p-X-s∂. c≠n-SØpw

]ÿm-\-Øns‚ Bfl-hocyw tNm¿Øp-I.

Hdo- -bnse \yq\-]-£-th´, Ck-tb-ep-am-bp≈ NßmØw, Ata-

cn-°≥ hnt[-bXzw F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ \nc-h[n cm„o-b-]-iv\-ßƒ

N¿® sNø-s∏- m¬ bp Un F^n\v \n¬°-I-≈n-bn-√m-Xm-hpw. AsXm-

gn-hm-°m-\mWv emhven≥ a¥w AJ-fi-\ma b⁄w t]mse Dcp-

hn-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kZm-Nm-chpw [m¿Ωn-I-Xbpw IΩyq-WnÃv

cm„o-b-Øn-s‚bpw Poh-n-X-N-cy-bp-sSbpw Poh-hm-bp-hm-Wv. h¿§-- i-

Xp-°-fpsS klm-b-tØmsS kwc-£n-t°-≠tXm he-Xp-]£ am-[y-

159Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


a-ß-fpsS kmtcm-]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬\n∂v Dƒs°m-t≈-≠tXm A√ hnπ-

h-Im-cn-bpsS kZm-Nm-cw. AXv hnπh ]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ Xo£vWm-

\p- -h-ß-fn-eqsS A\n-hm-cy-ambpw kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw kzmb-Ø-am-°p-

∂-Xm-Wv.

tZim- n-am\n Zn\-]Xw, 2009 am¿®v H∂v


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

kn.-]n.sF (Fw)Dwh¿-§- -_-lp-P-\- kw-L-S-\-Ifpw

IayqWnÃv ]m¿ń-bn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øm-°-s∏- -h¿ _q¿jzm-am-[y-

a-ßƒ°v ]nb-¶-c-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xv ]pXp-a-b-√. Fw.-hn.-cm-L-h-\pw

Kucn-b-Ω-bp-sa√mw C°q- -Øn¬s]- -h-cm-Wv. Cßs\ _q¿jzm-am-

[y-a-ß-fpsS sN√-Ip- n-I-fpsS Iq´X-Øn¬ ÿm\w ]nSn-°m≥ Ign™

BfmWv hn.-_n.-sN-dn-bm≥, BZyw ]d-™-hsct]mse sNdn-bm-

s\bpw Cu ]Z-hn-°¿l-\m-°n-bXv kn]n-sF-F-Ωn¬\n∂v ]pd-Ø-

°s∏´p F∂ tbmKy-X-bm-Wv. km[m-cW Cßs\ Ipsd-°mew

sIm≠p\-S-°p-∂-hsc _q¿jzm-am-[y-a-ßƒ C\n ]tbm-P-\-an-s√∂v

tXm∂p-∂-tXmsS s]cp-h-gn-bn¬ Dt]-£n-°p-I-bmWv ]Xn-hv. mhn-

bn¬ sNdn-bm\pw kw`hn-°m-\n-cn-°p∂ hn[n CXp-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

Ct∏mƒ Ah¿°v sNdn-bms\ Bh-iy-ap-≈-Xp-sIm-≠mWv kn]n-sF-

F-Ωn-s\-Xn-cmb sNdn-bms‚ P¬]-\-ßsf henb ssk≤m-¥nI hn-

i-I-e-\-ß-sf∂ ań¬-A-h¿ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Nne

teJ-\-ßfpw A`n-ap-J-ßfpw ]kvXm-h-\-Ifpw F√m-ambn sNdn-

bms\ am[y-a-ßƒ B\-bn®v \S-°p-∂Xv kn]nsF FΩn-s\-Xn-cm-b,

Hcp Bbp[w Inńb kt¥m-j-tØm-sS-bm-Wv.

C-ßs\ am[ya IpØ-I-Iƒ HuZm-cy-]q¿∆w \¬Inb ÿehpw

kuI-cyhpw D]-tbm-Kn®v kn]nsFFΩn-s\-Xn-cmbn Xs‚ Bt£-]-

]¿∆w At±lw XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. At±lw D∂-bn-®p-sIm-

≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp ][m\ hna¿i\w h¿K- -_-lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS

kzX¥ ]h¿Ø-\sØ XS- -s∏-SpØn ]m¿ń Ahsb shdpw t]m

161Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


jI kwL-S-\-I-fm°n A[x]Xn-∏n-®p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv. ]m¿ń-°p-]p-d-

Ømb sNdn-bm-s\-t∏m-ep≈ Nne¿ Bh¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-t\#v\

Cu hna¿i-\-Øn\v bmsXmcp ASn-ÿm-\hpw C√ F∂-XmWv hkvXp-

X. CXp a\- n-em-°m≥ h¿K- -_-lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-I-tfm-Sp≈ kn]n-

sF-F-Ωns‚ kao-]\w F¥m-sW-∂-dn-b-Ww.

h¿K- -_-lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-Isf kw_-‘n® ]m¿ń-bpsS icn-bmb

ImgvN-∏mSv cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv 1978- se km¬°nb πo\-Øn¬sh-®m-

Wv. km¬°nb πo\-Øns‚ G‰hpw ][m-\-s∏´ Xocp-am\w ""

C¥y≥ sXmgn-emfn h¿§-Øns‚ _lp-P-\-hn-π-h-]m¿ń'' bmbn

kn]nsF FΩns\ am‰Ww F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Cßs\ amdm≥ Ign-

b-W-sa-¶n¬ sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ, I¿j-I¿ XpS-ßnb A[zm-\n-°p∂ P\-

hn- m-K-ß-fp-sSbpw bphm-°ƒ, aln-f-Iƒ, hnZym¿-∞n-Iƒ XpS-ßnb

P\-e-£-ß-fp-sSbpw CS-bn¬ Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw

Ah-cpsS A-Snb-¥nc ]iv\-ßsf Bkv]-Z-am°n ]h¿Øn-°p∂

h¿K-_-lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ sIń-∏-Sp-°p-Ibpw thWw. Cu _lp-

P-\-kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ ]t£m-`-W-ß-fn-eq-sS,

Db¿∂p-h-cp∂ ]Xn-\m-bn-c-°-W-°n\v _lp-P-\-ßsf ]m¿ń-bpsS

A\p- m-hn-I-fpw, ItaW AwK-ß-fp-am°n am‰-Ww. Cßs\ amXsa

Hcp _lp-P-\-hn-πh ]m¿ń-bmbn amdm≥ kn]n-sF-F-Ωn\v Ign-bp-

sh∂v km¬°nbm πo\w hne-bn-cp-Øn.

km¬°nbm πo\w Bhn-jvI-cn® ImgvN-∏m-Sns‚ khn-ti-jX h¿K-

˛-_-lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS kzX-¥yhpw P\m-[n-]-Xy-]-c-hp-amb

]h¿Ø\w F∂-Xm-Wv. Cu ImgvN-∏mSv apdpsI ]nSn-®p-sIm-≠mWv

XpS¿∂n-tßm v kn]n-sFFw ]h¿Øn-®p-h-cp-∂-Xv. A√m-sX, sNdn-

bm≥ Bt£-]n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse t]mj-I-kw-L-S\m kao-]-\-a√

kn]n-sFFw ]n¥p-S-cp-∂-Xv. t]mj-I-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ kn]n-sF-F-

Ωns‚ A√, _q¿jzm-]m¿ń-I-fpsS coXn-bm-Wv. _q¿jzm-]m¿ń-Iƒ

t]mj-I-kw-L-S-\-Isf hf¿Øp-∂Xv thm´p-_m¶v cmjvSo-b-Øns‚

`mK-am-bm-Wv.

kn]n-sF-F-Ωn-\m-Is´ P\-Iob P\m-[n-]Xy ap∂Wn sIń-∏-Sp-

°m-\p-≈-k-a-tcm-]-I-c-W-ß-fmWv h¿K-˛-_-lp-P\ kwL-S-\-Iƒ,

AXm-bXv kn]n-sF-F-Ωns‚ coXn, h¿K- -_-lp-P-\- -kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS

]h¿Ø-\-sØbpw ]t£m-`-ß-sfbpw ]m¿e-sa-≠dn ]h¿Ø-\-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Øn\v Iogvs∏-Sp-Øp∂ tkmjy¬ sUtam-Im-‰nIv coXn-b-s√-∂¿∞w.

hnπh i‡n-I-fpsS hf¿®sb Xzcn-X-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ cmk-Xz-c-I-ß-fm-

bmWv kn]n-sFFw h¿K-_-lp-P\ kwL-S-\-I-sfbpw Ah-bpsS

]t£m- -ß-sfbpw ImWp-∂-Xv.

Cu icn-bmb kao-]\w apdp-sI-]n-Sn-®p-sIm≠v kn]n-FwFw

]h¿Øn-®-Xn-\m-emWv ]m¿ń°pw ]m¿ń t\XrXzw \¬Ip∂ h¿K-

-_-lp-P\ kwL-S-\-Iƒ°pw hºn® hf¿® ssIh-cn-°m≥ Ign-™-

Xv. ]m¿ń t\XrXzw \¬Ip∂ h¿K-˛-_-lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS

samØw AwK-kw-Jy91¬ 2,87,79,569 Bbn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ 2001 Bb-t∏m-

tg°pw CXv 4,05,94,829 Bbn h¿[n-®p. Cu Hcp Zi-I-Øn-\n-S-bn¬

AwK-Øn-ep-≠mb h¿[-\hv 41 iX-am-\-am-Wv. ]m¿ń AwK-Xz-am-h-

s´, 91se 5,79,666¬ \n∂v 2001 Bb-t∏m-tg°pw 7,96,073 Bbn h¿[n-

®p. 37.3 iX-am\w h¿[-\-hv.

Cu IW-°p-Iƒ ImWn-°p-∂Xv hn]p-e-amb h¿K-˛-_-lp-P\

kwL-S-\-Iƒ sIń--∏-Sp-°m\pw, Ah-bpsS hf¿®sb ]m¿ń-bpsS

hf¿®-bn¬ ]Xn- -en-∏n-°m\pw Ign-™p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv. km¬°nbm

πo\w hn`m-h\w sNbvX coXn-bn¬ h¿K-_-lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS

]h¿Ø-\-ß-fp-sSbpw ]t£m- -ß-fp-sSbpw mK-ambn Db¿∂p-h∂

]Xn-\m-bn-c-°-W-°n-\m-fp-Isf ]m¿ń-bn-te°v dnIq´p sNøm≥

Ign™psh-∂¿∞w. Cu hºn® t\´w h¿K-˛-_-lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-

Iƒ°pw ]m¿ń°pw ssIh-cn-°m≥ Ign-™Xv t]mj-I-kw-L-S\m

_‘-a√ ]m¿ńbpw _lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-Ifpw XΩn-ep-≈Xv F∂-Xp-

sIm-≠m-Wv. _lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS kzX-¥hpw P\m-[n-]-Xy-]-

c-hp-amb ]h¿Ø-\hpw AtX-k-abw ]m¿ń-bpsS cmjvSo-bhpw Bi-

b-]-c-hp-amb t\Xr-Xzhpw Iqń-bn-W-°m≥ Ign-™-Xp-sIm-≠mWv

_lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ°pw ]m¿ń°pw Hcp-t]mse hf¿®-bp-≠m-°m-

\m-b-Xv.

cmjvSo-b-ambpw Bi-b-]-c-ambpw ]m¿ń-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬

]h¿Øn-°p∂ h¿K- -_-lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ Cu Ime-b-f-hn¬ \S-

Ønb FÆ-a‰ ]t£m- -ßfpw Ah-bpsS kzX¥ ]h¿Ø-\-Øn‚

DZm-l-c-W-ß-fm-Wv. BtKm-f-h¬°-c-W-\-b-ßƒ°pw a‰pw FXn-cmbn

tSUv bqWn-b≥˛ I¿j-I-ta-J-e-I-fn¬ CX-c-]-ÿm-\-Øn\v

t\XrXzw sImSp-°m≥ Ign-™Xv it≤-b-amb t\´-am-Wv. bphm-

163Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


°ƒ, hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ XpSßn CXc P\-hn- m-K-ßƒ°n-S-bnepw AX-

Xp-hn-`m-K-ß-fpsS ]iv\-ßsf Bkv]-Z-am-°n-bp≈ ka-c-ap-∂-Wn-

Iƒ°v cq]w sImSp-Øp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. tbmPn-®Xpw hnim-e-

hp-amb Cu ka-c-]-ÿm-\-ßƒ°v t\XrXzw sImSp-°m≥ ]m¿ń-

bpsS h¿K- -_-lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ°v Ign-™Xpw Ah XpS¿∂p-h-

cp∂ kzX-¥yhpw P\m-[n-]-Xy-]-c-hp-amb ]h¿Ø-\-co-Xn-bpsS e-

am-bm-Wv.

Cßs\ h¿K-˛-_-lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS kzX-¥-]-h¿Ø\w

F∂ ImgvN-∏m-Snt\m-sSm∏w Xs∂ kn]nsF Fw apdp-sI-]n-Sn-°p∂

XXz-amWv _lp-P\ kwL-S-\-I-fn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂ ]m¿ń AwK-

ßƒ ]m¿ń-bpsS \b-Øn\pw Xocp-am-\-ßƒ°pw hnt[-b-ambn

]h¿Øn-°Ww F∂-Xv. _lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ°v ]m¿ń-bpsS

cmjvSo-bhpw Bi-b-]-c-hp-amb t\XrXzw \¬IpI F∂ ISa \n¿∆-

ln-°-W-sa-¶n¬ Ah-bn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂ ]m¿ń AwK-ßƒ ]m¿ń-

bpsS \b-ß-tfmSpw Xocp-am-\-ß-tfmSpw Iqdp-]p-e¿tØ-≠-Xp-≠v.

_lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-I-tfm-Sp≈ ]m¿ń kao-]-\-Øn¬ ]I-S-am-Im-dp≈

Hcp sX‰mb ]h-WX km¬°nbm πo\w Xs∂ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-

∂p-≠v.

_lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS kzX-¥-hy-‡nXzw \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-

Xns‚ t]cn¬ Ah-bn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂ ]m¿ń AwK-ßƒ ]m¿ń

\b-ßƒs°-Xn-cmbn ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. h¿K- -_-lp-P-\-kw-L-S-

\-Iƒ°-IØv ]h¿Øn-°p∂ ]m¿ń saº¿am¿ ]m¿ń-tbm-Sp≈

DØ-c-hm-ZnØw ad-°p-Ibpw _lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-Isf kz¥w t]m°‰v

kwL-S-\-I-fmbn ]h¿Øn-∏n-°m≥ ian-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ sX‰mb

]h-W-X-sb-°p-dn®v C Fw Fkpw Nq≠n-Im-Wn-®n-´p-≠v. (kn-]n-

sFFw Hcp eLp-hn-h-c-Ww, ]pdw 75, Nn¥ ]ªn-tjgvkv)

Cu Kpcp-X-c-amb sX‰n\v t_m[-]q¿∆w t\XrXzw sImSp-Ø-Xns\

XpS¿∂v ]m¿ń-°p-]p-d-Ømb BfmWv hn _n sNdn-bm≥. _lp-P-\-

kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS kzX¥ ]h¿Ø-\-sØ, Ah-bn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂

Iayq-WnÃv ]m¿ń AwK-ßƒ°v F¥pw sNøp-hm-\p≈ (]m¿ń-s°-

Xnsc ]h¿Øn-°m≥ t]mep-ap-≈) kzmX-¥y-ambn Zp¿hym-Jym\w

sNøm-\mWv sNdn-b≥ apºpw Ct∏mgpw ian-®p-h-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬

]m¿ń AwK-ßƒ, ]m¿ń-°p-hn-t[-b-ambn amXsa ]h¿Øn-°mhq


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

F∂pw, Aßs\ ]h¿Øn-°m-\p≈ Ah-cpsS _m[yX _lp-P-\-

kw-L-S\m kzmX-¥y-Øns‚ t]cn¬ Dt]-£n-°m≥ ]mSn-s√-∂p-ap≈

kwL-S\m ImgvN-∏mSv Ań-a-dn-°p-I-bm-Wv sNdn-bm≥ sNbvX-Xv. _lp-

P-\-kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS kzX¥ ]h¿Ø-\-sa∂ ImgvN-∏m-Sns\ ]m¿ń-

hn-cp≤ ]h¿Ø-\-Øn\v ad-bm-°m-\p≈ hn -e-amb ia-am-bn-cp∂p

sNdn-bm-t‚-Xv.

kzm¿∞-e-£y-ßfpw ÿm]n-X-Xm¬]-cy-ß-fp-am-bn-cp∂p sNdn-

bms\ CXn\v t]cn-∏n-®-Xv. _lp-P-\-kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS kzX¥

]h¿Ø-\-sa∂ icn-bmb ImgvN∏m-Sns\ Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNbvXv

hnIr-X-am-°nb sNdn-bm≥ ]m¿ń-s°-Xn-cmbn FX-tØmfw t]msb∂v

F√m-h¿°pw Adn-bmw. tkhv kn]nFw t^mdw F∂ t]cn¬ kam-

¥-c-tIµw ÿm]n®v ]m¿ńsb sh√p-hn-fn-°p-Ibpw ]m¿ń-sbbpw

t\Xr-Xz-sØbpw Zpjv]-N-c-W-ß-fn-eqsS A]-Io¿Øn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw

Aßs\ ]m¿ń°p ]pd-Øm-hp-Ibpw sNbvX sNdn-bm-\mWv Ct∏mƒ

]Xy-b-imkvX kwL-S\m Imcy-ß-fn¬ kn]n-sF-F-Ωns\ hna¿in-

°m\pw D]-tZ-in-°m-\p-ambn Cd-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-\mbn sNdn-

bm\v k¿h-]n-¥p-Wbpw klm-b-hp-ambn ]n-∂mse Cd-ßn-bn-cn-°p-

∂Xv Iayq-WnÃv hncp-≤X apJ-ap-Z-bm-°nb am[y-a-ß-fmWv F∂Xpw

A¿∞-K¿- -am-Wv.

h¿K-i-Xp-°sf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Hcp ap≥I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Im-

cs\ e`n-°p-∂Xv hfsc kt¥m-j-ap≈ Imcy-am-Wv. Iayq-WnÃv

]m¿ń-s°-Xn-cmb Hcp Bbp-[-ambn D]-tbm-Kn°mw F∂-Xp-Xs∂ Imc-

Ww. sNdn-bms\ Ct∏mƒ Nne am[y-a-ßƒ sIm≠p \S-°p-∂-Xn\p

]n∂n-ep-≈Xpw Cu e£yw amX-am-Wv. sNdn-bms\ kw_-‘n-®m--

sW-¶n¬ Xs‚ Cu Id-I-f™ Iayq-WnÃv hncp-≤-X°v Ct∏mgpw

e`n-°p∂ am[ya kzoIm-cyX cmjvSob D]-Po-h-\-Øns‚ D]m-[n-

bmbn Ign-bp-∂X Imew D]-tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNømw. Iayq-WnÃv

hncp-≤-cpsS ]cn-K-W-\bpw kl-Xm-]hpw \jvS-s∏-SmsX \ne-

\n¿Øm\pw Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m-\p-ambn X\n°p t\sc-bp≈

BI-a-W-Øn-s‚bpw oj-Wn-bp-sSbpw \ndw-]n-Sn-∏n® IY-Ifpw sNdn-

bm\p ]d-bm-\p-≠v. kn]nsF FΩn\v cmjvSo-bhpw , Bi-b-]-c-hp-

ambn sh√p-hnfn Db¿Øp∂ Hcp alm-]-Xn-`m-k-amWv Xms\∂v

kzbw \Sn®v hm¿Ø-I-fn¬ \ne-\n¬°m-\p≈ hyKX F∂-Xn¬

165Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


Ign™ Kuc-h-sam∂pw AØcw ]N-c-W-ßƒ°v Bcpw \¬Ip-∂n-

√.

h¿K-h-©-I-cpsS Hfn-Øm-h-f-ß-fn-en-cp-∂p-sIm≠v h¿K-_-‘-sØ-

°p-dn®pw Iayq-WnÃv hgn-bn¬ Dd-®p-\n¬°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®psa√mw

ta\n-]-d-bp-Ibpw C Fw Fkns\ ]nSn®v BW-bn-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-

Xp-sIm≠v Xs‚ Im]-Syhpw IpSn-e-e-£y-ßfpw ad-®p-sh®v P\-ßsf

I_-fn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-b-sa-∂m-Wv sNdn-bm≥ Icp-Xp-∂-sX-¶n¬ \ncm-

i-s∏-tS≠n hcpw. ]n≥Xn-cn-∏≥am-cpsS HuZmcyw sIm≠v In´p∂

]Z-hn-Ifpw hnti-j-W-ß-fp-sam∂pw sNdn-bms‚ X\n-\n-dw aqSn-sh-

°m≥ ]cym-]vX-a-√. Ct∏mƒ [oc-hn-π-h-Imcn Na-™p-\-S-°p∂ sNdn-

bms\ \msf cmL-h\pw Iq´cpw cq]w sImSp-Øn-´p≈ Iayq-WnÃv

hncp-≤-cpsS AJn-te¥ym Iq´m-bva-bpsS \nc-bn¬ I≠m-epw, A¤p-

X-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√. sNdn-bm-s\-t∏m-ep≈ Iayq-Wn-Ãp-hn-cp-≤¿°v F¥p-

sIm≠pw km¿h-tZ-iob BNm-cy-\mbn kzoI-cn-°m-hp∂ tKm¿_-t®-

hns‚ ]Xn-]p-cp-j≥ t\cn- p-h∂v A\p-K-ln® Cu h¿K-h-©I kJy-

Øns‚ Xmh-f-Øn¬ sNdn-bm\pw Hcp apdn e`n-°m-Xn-cn-°n-√.

Nn¥ hmcnI,

2003 Pq¨ Bdv


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

acWw sXc-s™-Sp-°m-\p≈ kzmX¥yw

""hmbphn¬ hnjw \nd-™n-cn-°p-tºmƒ izkn-°p-hm-\p≈

kzmX¥yw acn-°m-\p-≈-XmWv'' Fs∂-gp-Xn-bXv ae-bm-f-Øns‚ ]nb-

Ihn k®n-Zm-\-µ-\m-Wv. _q¿jzm kzmX-¥y-Øn-s‚bpw P\m-[n-]-Xy-

Øn-t‚bpw lrZ-b-iq-\y-amb Im]-Syhpw s]m≈-Ø-chpw Xpd-∂p-Im-

´p∂ k®n-Zm-\-µs‚ hcn-I-fmWv t`m∏m-ens‚ C\nbpw Ah-km-\n-

°mØ Zpc-¥-hr-Øm-¥-ßƒ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Ccp-]-Øn-bm-dp-h¿jw

apºv Hcp XWpØ Unkw-_-dn¬ bqWn-b≥ Im¿ss_Uv F∂ Ata-

cn-°≥ _lp-cmjvS IpØI t`m∏m-ens‚ hmbp-hn-te°v hnjw han-

∏n®t∏mƒ F¥mWv kw`-hn-°p-∂-sX∂pt]mepw A-dnbpw -apºv,

Xßƒ izkn-°p-∂Xv ac-W-am-sW-∂p-t]mepw a\- n-em-°msX

]nS™p acn-®-h-cpsS FÆw \mem-bn-c-am-Wv. hnj-hm-XIw izkn-®-

Xns‚ ]m¿iz- -e-ßsf XpS¿∂v ]n-∂oSv C©n-©mbn acn-®-h¿ Ccp-

]-Xn-\m-bn-c-sa-¶nepw hcp-sa-∂mWv IW-°v. IÆpw ImXpw \„-s∏- -

hcpw icocw Xf¿∂p-t]m-b-hcpw FX hcp-sa∂v IW-°n-√. Xe-ap-d-

Isf th´-bm-Sp∂ Zpc-¥-ambn t`m∏m¬ ]cn-W-an-®-t∏mƒ Ct∏mgpw

AhnsS ]nd-∂p-ho-gp∂ Ip™p-ßƒ P∑\m _p≤n-amµyw kw -hn-®-

hcpw Iym≥k¿ tcmKn-I-fp-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. C\nbpw FX Xe-ap-d-

Iƒ Zpc-¥-Øns‚ Dan-Øo-bn¬ \odn\odn acn-t°-≠n-h-cp-sa∂v B¿°-

dnbmw?

temI Ncn-X-Ønse G‰hpw henb hymh-km-bnI Zpc¥w AYhm

Iq -s°me \S∂v Ccp-]-Øn-bm-dp-h¿j-ßƒ°ptijw Ign™ Pq¨

7˛\v t`m∏m-en¬ Ac-tß-dn-bXv \oXn-bpsS sIme-]m-X-I-am-bn-cp-∂p.

167Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


t`m∏m¬ kw -h-Ønse ]Xn-Iƒ°v tImSXn hn[n-®Xv c≠p-h¿jw

XShpw A©p-e-£w cq] ]ngbpw amXw! cmPy-Øn-\-IØpw ]pdØpw

F¥nt-\sd Ata-cn-°-bn¬t]mepw Iqchpw ]cn-lm-ky-hp-amb Cu

hn[n ISpØ hna¿i-\-Øn-\p-hn-t[-b-am-bn.

Cu hn[n \n -lm-b-cmb a\p-jy¿s°-Xn-cmbn \S∂ Hcp henb

D]-Pm-]-Øn-s‚bpw sImSpw N-Xn-bp-sSbpw e-am-Wv. c-W-Iq-Shpw

(k¿°mcpw PpUo-jy-dn-bp-apƒs∏-sS) A¥m-cm„ IpØI aqe-[-

\hpw ]¶m-fn-I-fmb D]-Pm-]-am-Wn-Xv. Ign™ Ccp-]-Øn-bmdp h¿j-

ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ \S∂ Cu sImSpw-N-Xn-bpsS cl-ky-ßƒ Hmtcm-∂mbn

Ct∏mƒ Npcp-f-gn-™p-h-cn-I-bm-Wv.

t`m∏m¬ Zpc-¥-Øns‚ apJy-]-Xnbpw bqWn-b≥ Im¿ss_-Uns‚

A∂sØ kn C Hbp-amb hmd≥ B≥tU-gvk-Wns‚ c£-s∏-S-en¬

XpS-ßp∂p NXn-bpsS IY. B≥tU-gvks\ AdÃv sNbvXv tImS-Xn-

bn¬ lmP-cm-°p-∂p. DS≥ Pmayw t\Sn ]pd-Øp-h-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv Ie-

Œ-dpsS Imdn¬ hnam-\-Øm-h-f-Øn-se-Øn-°p-Ibpw AhnsS \n∂v

A∂sØ a≤y-]-tZiv k¿°m¿ G¿s∏-Sp-Ønb hnam-\-Øn¬

U¬ln-bn-te°pw XpS¿∂v Ata-cn-°-bn-te°pw B≥tU-gvk¨ c£-

s∏-Sp-∂p. B≥tU-gvk-Wns‚ c£-s∏-S-en¬ A∂sØ ][m-\-a¥n

cmPo-hvKm‘n Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈hcmWv ]Xn-°q-´n¬ \n¬°p-∂-Xv.

AXyp-∂-X-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ HØm-i-bn-√msX Hcp sImSpw Ip‰-hm-

fn°v cmPyw hn´p-t]m-Im-\m-hn√ F∂v B¿°m-W-dn-bm-ØXv? cmPyw

hn´ B≥tU-gvks\ hn´p-In-´m-Xn-cn-°m≥ Ign™ Ccp-]-Øn-bmdp

h¿j-Øn¬ ]Xn-s\- p-h¿jhpw cmPyw cn® tIm¨K v ]tXyIw

i≤n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv Ct∏mƒ hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xv. CS-°m-eØv tIk-

t\z-jn® kn _n sF Hm^o-k¿ _n B¿ em¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv

B≥tU-gvks\ hn´p-In-´m≥ iaw \S-Øp-∂-Xn-s\-Xn-cmbn C¥y≥

hntZ-i-Im-cy-a-¥m-e-b-Øns‚ i-‡-amb kΩ¿±-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-

Wv. 2004 Pqsse-bn¬ apwss_-bnse Ata-cn-°≥ tIm¨kpte‰v tÃ‰v

Un∏m¿´vsa‚n\-b® tcJ-bn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv B≥tU-gvks\ hn´p-In-

´Ww F∂Xv C¥ysb kw_-‘n®v Hcp ][m\ Bh-iy-a√ F∂m-

Wv. amX-a-√, bqWn-b≥ Im¿ss_-Un-s\-Xn-cmbn 300 tImSn tUmf-

dn\v tIkp-sIm-SpØ tIµ-k¿°m¿ HSp-hn¬ shdpw 47 tImSn tUmf-

dn\v (15%) HØp-Xo¿∏p-≠m-°n Cc-Isf h©n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXp-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

]-Imcw acn®-h-cpsS Bin-X¿°v Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw icm-icn e`n-

®Xv shdpw 13,000-tØmfw cq] amX-am-Wv. bqWn-b≥ Im¿ss_-Uns\

]n∂oSv hne-bv°p-hm-ßnb Uu sIan-°¬kv F∂ as‰mcp Ata-cn-

°≥ _lp-cm„ IpØ-Isb t`m∏m¬ Zpc-¥-Øns‚ _m[y-X-I-

fn¬\n∂v hnap-‡-am-°-Ww F∂v A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp∂ Ipdn∏v a¥n-am-

cmb NnZw-_cw 2006 epw Ia¬\mYv 2007-˛epw Fgp-Xn-bXv Ct∏mƒ

]pd-Øp-h-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. cØ≥Sm‰ Uu sIan-°¬kn\v A\p-Iq-e-ambn

2006 \pw 2007 \pw CS-bn¬ Fgp-Xnb IØv ""Kuc-h-ambn ]cn-K-Wn-

°-W-sa∂v ][m-\-a¥n t\ms -gp-Xp-Ibpw D≠m-bn. t`m∏m¬ Zpc-¥-

Øns‚ Cc-Iƒs°-Xn-cmbpw sIme-bm-fn-Iƒ°p-th-≠nbpw FX \·-

am-bn- mWv tIm¨Kkv a¥n-amcpw k¿°m-cp-Ifpw \ne-sIm-≠-Xv F∂-

Xns‚ sXfn-hp-I-fm-Wn-sXm-s°. PpUo-jy-dnbpw Cu D]-Pm-]-Øn¬

Xß-fpsS ]¶v \n¿∆-ln-®n- p-≠v. tIkn¬ BZyw Npa-Ønb C¥y≥

in£m-\n-b-a-Ønse 304- mw hIp∏v 304 (F) Bbn Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-

bXv kp]ow tImS-Xn-bm-Wv.

hml-\m-]-I-S-t°-kp-I-fn¬ km[m-cW Npa-Øp∂ Hcp hIp-∏p-

aXn ]mh-s∏´ Bbn-c-ßƒ Iq -s°me sNø-s∏´ Hcp kw -h-Øn\v

DØ-c-hm-Zn-Iƒs°-Xn-cmbn F∂v \n›-bn® tImS-Xn-bpsS P\-hn-cp-

≤hpw ]cn-lm-ky-hp-amb \oXn-t_m[w Ad∏pw tcmj-hp-amWv Df-

hm-°p-I. AXmWv Ct∏m-gsØ Cu Akw-_-‘-hn-[n°v Imc-W-am-

b-Xv. ]apJ \nb-a-⁄-\mb sI Sn Fkv Xpƒkn ]d-™-Xp-t]mse

C≥sh-Ãn-tK-‰ohv GP≥knbpw t]mkn-Iyq-j\pw Kpcp-X-c-amb hogvN-

Iƒ hcp-Øp-Ibpw tImSXn lrZ-bhpw a\x-km-£n-bp-an-√mØ b¥-

ambnØocp-Ibpw sNbvX-XmWv t`m∏m¬ hn[n-bn¬ I≠-Xv. Kh¨

sa‚p-I-fp-tSbpw PpUo-jy-dn-bp-sSbpw aqe-[-\-Zm-ky-Øn-s‚bpw kmam-

PyXz hnt[-b-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw IdpØ kvamc-I-amWv Cu hn[n.

Cu hn[n-bn¬ \n∂v Hcp ]mThpw ]Tn-°m≥ bp.]n F k¿°m¿

k∂-≤-a√ F∂-Xns‚ sXfn-hmWv BW-h-_m-≤y-Xm-_n-√n¬ dnbm-

Œ-dp-Iƒ \¬Ip∂ IpØ-I-Isf DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-Øn¬\n∂v tamNn-∏n-

°p∂ hyh-ÿ-Iƒ. BWh A]-ISw kw -hn-®m¬ \„-]-cn-lmcw

\S-Øn-∏p-Im-cn¬\n∂p (C-¥ym-K-h¨sa‚ v) amXta CuSm-°m-\mhq

F∂mWv hyh-ÿ. Cu \„-]-cn-lm-c-Øp-I-bm-hs´ ]c-am-h[n 500

tImSn-bmbn \nP-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-ap-≠v. t`m∏m¬ Zpc-¥-Ønse \„-]-

169Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


cn-lm-c-ØpI CXns‚ \men-c- n-bm-bn´pw Cc-Iƒ°v icm-icn e`n-®Xv

GXm≠v 13,000 cq] amX-am-sW∂v Hm¿°p-I. t`m∏m-en-t\-°mƒ ]Xn-

∑-Sßv amc-I-am-tb-°m-hp∂ BW-h-Zp-c-¥-Øns‚ \„-]-cn-lm-c-ØpI

shdpw 500 tImSn amX-ambn \nP-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\¿∞w t`m∏m¬

h©\ IqSp-X¬ Iqc-ambn Bh¿Øn-°p-sa-∂m-Wv. Ata-cn-°≥

kΩ¿±sØ XpS¿∂v Ata-cn-°≥ IpØ-I-Iƒ°v _m≤yX Npa-°m≥

AXn-hn-Zq-c-amb km≤yX amX-ap≈ 17- mw hIp-∏p-IqSn ]m¿e-sa‚n¬

_n¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-tijw k¿°m¿ \o°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. t`m∏m-ens‚

Imcy-Øn¬ kw -hn-®Xv bmZr-—n-I-amb sX‰m-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂pw Bkq-

Xn-X-amb h©-\-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂p-amWv CXn-\¿∞w. BW-h-_m-

≤y-Xm-_n¬ h©-\-bpsS XpS¿°-Y-bm-hp-I-bm-Wv. cmPy-tZm-l-]-c-amb

Cu _n√n-s\-Xn-cmb CS-Xp-]£ \ne-]mSv km[q-I-cn-°p-∂-XmWv

t`m∏m¬ hn[nbpw A\p-_‘ kw`h-hn-Im-k-ß-fpw. cmPysØ H‰p-

sIm-Sp-°p∂ `c-W-IqSw A\p-h-Zn-®p-X-cp-∂Xv hnjw izkn®v acn-

°tWm BWh hnIn-c-W-ta‰p acn-°tWm F∂v sXc-s™-Sp-°m-

\p≈ kzmX-¥y-am-Wv.

bph-[mc,


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

acw \Sp-∂Xnse kmam-Py-Xz-hn-cp-≤X

h‰nt∏m-Ip∂ ISepw A]-Xy-£-am-Ip∂ \Zn-Ifpw acp-`q-an-bm-

bn-Øo-cp∂ lna-ti-J-c-ßfpw s]m≈p∂ qanbpw Icn-bp∂ Poh-Pm-

e-ßfpw kb≥kv ^n£-\p-I-fnse I¬]nX IY-I-f-√. a\p-jy-cm-

in-bpsS Dd°w sISp-Øp∂ shdpw Zpxkz-]v\-ß-fp-a-√. C\nbpw \n -

lm-b-cm-bn-cp-∂m¬ qansb ImØn-cn-°p∂ k¿h-\m-i-Øns‚ ap∂-

dn-bn-∏p-I-fm-Wv.

`qan-bp-sSbpw AXnse Poh-Pm-e-ß-fp-sSbpw \ne-\n¬∏n\v t\sc

Db-cp∂ G‰hpw Bk-∂hpw Kpcp-X-c-hp-amb ojWn BtKm-f-Xm-]-

\hpw AXp-aq-e-ap≠mIp∂ Imem-hÿm hyXn-bm-\-hp-am-Wv. Cu oj-

Wn-bpsS A]m-b-aWn C∂v temI-amsI apg-ßp-∂p-≠v. imkvX-

⁄-∑m¿ apX¬ km[m-c-W-°m¿ hsc C∂v DXvI-WvT-Iƒ ]¶p-sh-

°p-Ibpw km[y-amb ]cn-lmc \S-]-Sn-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ At\z-j-W-

ß-fn¬ hym]r-X-cm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. P\-Iob ]ÿm-\-ß-fpsS

AP-≠-bn-te°v ]mcn-ÿn-XnI ]iv\-ßƒ ]m[m-\y-tØmsS IS-

∂p-h-cp-∂p. am[y-a-ßƒ Kuc-h-tØmsS ]iv\-Øns‚ hnhn[ hi-

ßƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ ian-°p-∂p. tZiob k¿°m-cp-Ifpw A¥m-

cmjvS GP≥knIfpw BtKm-f-Xm-]-\-Øn-s‚bpw Imem-hÿm hyXn-

bm-\-Øn-s‚bpw ]mcn-ÿn-XnI XI¿®-bp-sSbpw ]Xym-Lm-X-ß-sf-

°p-dn®v hmtXm-cmsX ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw N¿®m ktΩ-f-\-

ßfpw D®-tIm-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

ÿnXn-K-Xn-I-fpsS Kuchw F√m-hcpw Xncn-®-dn-™p-Xp-S-ßn-bn-cn-

°p-∂p. ]T\ dnt∏m¿´p-Ifpw Ah-bn-e-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ hkvXp-X-Ifpw

171Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


hnh-c-ßfpw kml-N-cy-Øns‚ Kpcp-X-c-hm-ÿ-bn-te°v \Sp-°-tØmsS

\sΩ \bn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. C‚¿ Kh¨sa‚¬ ]m\¬ Hm¨ ss¢a‰v

sNbv©v (sF- ]n- kn- kn) Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv A¥-co-£-Ønse

lcn-X-Krl hmX-I-ß-fpsS kmµo-I-cWw ]cn-[n-Iƒ ewLn-°p-∂n-

S-tØ°v \oßn-Øp-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂m-Wv. Cß-s\-t]m-bm¬ hn\m-

i-I-c-amb Imem-hÿm am‰-ß-fm-bn-cn°pw e-sa∂pw Ah¿ ap∂-

dn-bn∏v \¬Ip-∂p. Imehpw Iahpw sX‰n-bp≈ t]am-cnbpw CS-

bv°n-sS-bp≈ sh≈-s∏m-°hpw hcƒ®bpw hn\m-i-Im-cn-I-fmb Npg-

en-°m-‰p-Ifpw kw`-hn-°p-sa∂ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ CXn-\Iw Xs∂

bmYm¿∞y-am-Ip-∂Xv \mw ImWp-I-bp-≠m-bn. lcn-X-Krl hmX-I-

ß-fpsS Aan-X-amb \n¿K-a\w ImcWw A¥-co-£-Ønse Hmtkm¨

Ih-N-Øn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ hn≈-ep-I-fn-eqsS AƒSm-h-b-e‰v civanIƒ qan-

bn¬ ]Xn-°p-∂-XmWv BtKm-f-Xm-]-\-Øn\v CS-bm-°p-∂-Xv. Cßs\

NqSv IqSp-tºmƒ [ph-ß-fnse a™v Dcp-Im≥ XpS-ßp-Ibpw kapZ

Pe-\n-c∏v Db-cp-Ibpw sNøpw. Zzo]v cmjvS-ßfpw kap-Z-Xo-c-ap≈

cmPy-ß-fp-amWv CXns‚ ]Xym-LmXw G‰hpw s]s´∂pw t\cn´pw

A\p- -hn-t°-≠n-h-cn-I. amen-Zzo-]n¬ kap-Z-P-e-\n-c∏v CXn-\-Iw-Xs∂

F´n©v Db¿∂p-I-gn-™p. GXm\pw h¿j-ßƒ Ign-bp-tºmƒ amen-

Zzo]v ]q¿W-ambpw sh≈-Øn-\-Sn-bn-em-Ip-sa∂v b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

Imem-hÿm hyXn-bm-\-Øns‚ Zpc-¥- -e-ßƒ°v IqSp-X¬ Cc-

bm-bn-Øo-cm≥ km[y-X-bp≈ cmPy-amWv C¥y. lnam-e-b-Øns‚

hS-°p-]-Sn-™m-d≥ taJ-e-bn¬ Ign™ \qdp-h¿j-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ 1.4

UnKn sk¬jykv NqSv IqSn-sb∂v imkvX-⁄¿ Is≠-Øn-bn-cn-

°p-∂p. temI-Øm-sI-bp≈ Xm]-\n-e-bnse h¿≤-\-hn-t\-°mƒ IqSp-

X-em-WnXv F∂ hkvXpX Bi-¶-bp-f-hm-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. CXv \Zn-I-

fn¬ sh≈-s∏m-°-Øn\pw ]n∂oSv Ah h‰n-h-c-fp-∂-Xn\pw ]e alm-

\-Zn-Ifpw A]-Xy-£-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-t]mepw Imc-W-am-tb-°mw. \ΩpsS

Poh-[m-c-bmb a¨kq-Wns‚ KXn-I-a-ßƒ amdn-a-d-bm\pw Afhv

KWy-ambn Ipd-bm\pw km[y-X-bp-≠v. Aßs\ h∂m¬ D¬]m-Z\w

XI-cpw. Ct∏mƒØs∂ ]Xn-k‘n t\cn-Sp∂ \ΩpsS £y-kp-c-

£sb AKm-[-amb A]-I-S-Øn-te°v \bn-°pw. ]´n-Wnbpw

£mahpw km¿h-XnI hn\m-i-hp-am-bn-cn°pw ew.

BtKm-f-Xm-]-\hpw Imem-hÿm hyXn-bm-\hpw a\p-jy-cpƒs∏sS


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

kIe Poh-Pm-e-ß-sfbpw _m[n°pw F∂ Imcyw hy‡w. ]t£,

BcmWv Cu Zpc-¥-Øns‚ t\cn- p≈ Cc-Iƒ? BcpsS Pohn-X-am-bn-

cn°pw BZyw hoWp-S-bpI? kwibw th≠. qan-bnse Zcn-Zcpw ]mh-

s∏- -h-cp-amb P\-tIm-Sn-I-fm-bn-cn°pw CXns‚ Cc-Iƒ. Hcp A¥m-

cmjvS GP≥kn-bpsS ]T\w ]d-bp-∂Xv 2015 BIp-tºm-tgbv°pw

BtKm-fXm-]\w tZmj-I-c-ambn _m[n-°p∂ 375 -Z-i-e£w t]cn¬

alm- q-cn-]-£hpw hnI-kzc cmPy-ß-fn-ep-≈-h-cm-bn-cn°pw F∂m-Wv.

C\n BcmWv CXn-\p-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ F∂v t\m°p-I. 1950-˛\pw

c≠m-bn-c-Øn\pw CS-bn¬ lcn-X-Krl hmXI _ln¿K-a-\-Øns‚

72 iX-am-\hpw hnI-knX cmjvS-ß-fpsS hI-bm-bn-cp-∂p. C¥y-bpsS

]Xn-io¿j Im¿_¨ Ussb-IvsskUv _ln¿K-a\w 1.1 S¨ BsW-

¶n¬ Ata-cn-°-bp-tSXv 20.1 S¨ BWv. \Ωp-tS-Xns‚ Ccp-]Xv Cc´n!

temI P\-kw-Jy-bn¬ hnI-knX cmjvS-ß-fpsS ]¶v Ccp-]Xv iX-

am-\-am-Wv. F∂m¬ BtKmf ""Im¿_¨ kvt]kn'' s‚ 75 iX-am-

\w Ah¿ Iø-S-°n-sh-®n-cn-°p∂p. Cu IW-°p-Iƒ BtKmf Xm]-

\-Øn-s‚bpw Imem-hÿm hyXn-bm-\-Øn-s‚bpw cm„o-b-amWv hni-

Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hnI-knX apX-em-fnØ cmPy-ß-fpsS A‘-amb Nqj-

W-amWv Cu ]Xn-k-‘n-bpsS Imc-W-sa∂v IW-°p-Iƒ hy‡-am-

°p-∂p. F∂m¬ CXns‚ Cc-I-fm-hs´ ZcnZ qcn-]-£-hpw. AXm-

b-Xv, D≈-h\pw C√m-Ø-h\pw XΩn-ep≈ h¿K-k-a-c-Øn\v Hcp ]mcn-

ÿn-XnIXew IqSn ssIh-∂n-cn-°p-∂p F∂¿∞w. BtKm-f-h-ev°-

c-W-Im-eØv sIm≈-em-`-Øn-\mbn aqe-[\ i‡n-Iƒ ]Ir-Xnsb

A‘-ambn NqjWw sNøp∂ ]Inb Xoh-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. CXns\

sNdp-°pI F∂Xv BtKm-f-h¬°-c-W-Øn\pw apX-em-fnØ Nqj-

W-Øn\pw FXn-cmb ka-c-Øns‚ ][m\ IS-a-bm-bn-Øocp∂p-≠v.

BtKm-f-Xm-]\w t]mep≈ ]iv\-ß-fn¬ kmam-PyXz kΩ¿±-

ßƒ°v Iog-S-ßp∂ tIµ-k¿°m-dns‚ kao-]-\-Øns‚ cm„o-bhpw

icn-bmbn a\- n-em-°-Ww. tIm∏≥ tlK-\n¬ C¥y ]Jym-]nX

\ne-]m-Sp-I-fn¬\n∂v ]n∂m°w t]mb-Xn-s‚bpw Dd® \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ

kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-s‚bpw ]›m-Ø-e-ØeanXm-Wv.

lcnX cm„o-b-Øns‚ kmam-Py-Xz-hn-cp≤ D≈-S°w a\- n-em-

°n-b-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Un ssh -F-^v sF ]mcn-ÿn-XnI ]iv\-ß-

fnse CS-s]-S¬ ssZ\w-Zn\ ]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ At`Zy mK-am-IWw

173Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


F∂v Xocp-am-\n-®n- p-≈-Xv. temI ]cn-ÿnXn Zn\-amb Pq¨ A©n\v

tIc-f-amsI e£-°-W-°n\v hr£-ssØ-Iƒ sh®p-]n-Sn-∏n-°p-∂Xv

shdp-samcp Im¬]-\nI ]cn-ÿnXn ]h¿Ø-\-a-√, t_m[-]q¿h-amb

cmjvSo-b-]-h¿Ø-\-amWv. Im¬]-\nI ]cn-ÿn-Xn-hm-Zhpw ]cn-ÿnXn

auenIhmZhpw mj-\mbn Ac-ßp-X-I¿°p∂ tIc-f-Øn¬ AØcw

s]m≈-bmb s]mß-®-ß-tfmSv hy‡-amb ho£W hyXym-khpw

Un ssh- F-^v -sF-°p-≠v. tIhe ]cn-ÿnXnhmZ-Øn-s‚bpw ]cn-

ÿnXn auenIhmZ-Øn-s‚bpw bp‡n-cm-ln-Xyhpw Im]-Syhpw B-i-

b-iq-\y-X-bp-sa√mamWv AXn-c-∏≈n ]≤Xn kw_‘n® tIµ hnZ-

Kv≤-k-an-Xn-bpsS Is≠-Ø-en-eqsS Hcn-°¬IqSn hy‡-am-b-Xv.

sIm≈-em`w amXw e£y-am-°n-bp≈ aqe-[\ i‡n-I-fpsS `m¥-

amb ]mcn-ÿn-XnI Nqj-W-Øn\pw ]cn-ÿnXn ]Wbw Ae-¶m-c-

am-°n-b-h-cpsS Im¬]-\nI Nm]-ey-ßƒ°pw at[y-bp≈ ka-Khpw

k¥p-en-Xhpw kphy-‡-hp-amb cm„o-b-amWv Rßƒ apt∂m- p-sh-

°p-∂-Xv.

bph-[mc,

2010 Pq¨


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

kwh-c-W-Øns‚ kwL¿j-ta-Je

cmPohv tKmkzm-ansb Ct∏mƒ Bsc-¶nepw Hm¿Ωn°p-∂pt≠m?

aWvU¬ hncp≤ ]t£m- -Øns‚ A]-kvam-c-an-f-Inb sXmÆqdp-I-

fpsS XpS-°-Øn¬ Zn-√n-bnse sXcp-hp-I-fn-sem-∂n¬ sh®v Bfn-°-

Ønb Hcp Bƒcq-]w. A¬∏m-bp- m-bn-Øo¿∂ am[ya ]cn-em-f-\-

Iƒ°pw hoc-]-cn--th-j-Øn\p-sam-Sp-hn¬ Bcmepw i≤n-°-s∏-Sm-

sXbpw thZ-\-b-\p- -hn®pw Zo¿L-Imew X≈n-\o°n HSp-hn¬ Ign™

h¿j-amWv cmPohv tKmkzman IYm-h-ti-j-\m-b-Xv. cmPohv tKmkzm-

ansb H-cn-°¬ sIm≠m-Sn-bn-cp∂ am[y-a-ßƒ, B sNdp-∏-°m-c-s\-

s°m-≠p≈ Bhiyw Ign-™-Xp-sIm-≠mImw Abm-fpsS ac-W-

hm¿Øv Nc-a-t°m-f-Øns‚ aqe-bn-sem-Xp-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kwh-c-

W-hncp≤ka-c-sams° Bfn-°-Øn-°m≥ Xobpw ]pIbpw DuXn-s∏-

cp-∏n-°p-Ibpw Fcn-Xo-bn¬ FÆ-sbm-gn®p sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvX

am[y-a-ßfpw a‰p ÿm]nX Xm¬]-cy-°mcpw ]S¿Ønb XobmWv

cmPohv tKmkzm-an-sb-t∏m-ep-≈-h-cpsS ico-c-ß-tfbpw hngp-ßn-b-Xv.

H∂c Zi-I-Øn-\p-tijw Zn√n-bnse sXcp-hp-I-fn¬ ho≠pw kwh-

cW hntcm-[-Øns‚ Icn-ºpI Db¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

aWvU¬hn-cp≤ ]t£m- -Im-esØ CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ t]mse ]e-]-Z-

am-Ip-∂n-s√-¶nepw am[y-a-ßƒ hnti-jn®pw Zriy-am-[y-a-ßƒ kPo-

h-ambn Xs∂ cwK-Øp-≠v. cmPy-sØ-ºmSpw \S-°p∂ I¿jI Bfl-

l-Xy-Ifpw Zpcn-Xhpw ]Wn-sb-Sp-°p-∂-h-cpsS hºn® ka-c-ßfpw

ImWm≥ IÆn-√msX t]mIp∂ am[ya `oa≥am¿ GXm\pw saUn-

°¬ hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ Nne \K-c-ßƒ amXw tIµo-I-cn®v \S-Øp∂

175Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


ka-tcm-’-h-ßƒ tZiob ]iv\-am°n am‰m-\p≈ XX-∏m-Sn-em-Wv.

tUmIvS¿am-cp-tSbpw sshZy-hn-Zym¿∞n-I-fp-tSbpw kacw ]mh-s∏- -

h¿°v krjvSn-°p∂ Zpcn-X-ß-sf-°p-dn®v hnh-cn-°m≥ Ah¿°v tImf-

ßfpw ka-bhpw C√. _µns‚ P\-tZmlw hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ D’m-

l- -cn-X-cm-Ip-∂-h¿ ka-c-∏-¥-ense tUmIvS¿am-cpsS "tkh-\-\m-SI'

sØ°p-dn®v hmNm-e-cm-hp-∂-XmWv \mw ImWp-∂-Xv.

`c-W-L-S\m ]n≥_ew

sF.-sF.-Sn.-Ifpw sF.-sF.-F-Ωp-Ifpw Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ tIµ

k¿°m¿ DS-a-ÿ-X-bn-ep≈ D∂-X-hn-Zym-`ymk ÿm]-\-ß-en¬

]nt∂m° hn`m-K-°m¿°v (H _n kn) 27% kwh-cWw G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-

sa∂ tIµ-am-\h hn`-h-ti-jn-h-Ip∏v a¥n A¿Pp≥ knßns‚

]Jym-]-\-tØmsSbmWv Ct∏m-gsØ ]t£m-`-ß-fpsS XpS-°w.

F∂m¬ hn-Zym- ym-k-ta-J-e-bn¬ ]nt∂m-°-°m¿°v kwh-cWw G¿s∏-

Sp-Ø-W-sa∂pw AXv Ccp-]-Xp-h¿j-tØ-s°-¶nepw XpS-cp-sa-∂p-

amWv aWvU¬ IΩo-js‚ ip]m¿i. 1990¬ aWvU¬ dnt∏m¿´v

`mKn-I-ambn \S-∏n-em-°nb hn.-]n.-knßv Kh¨sa‚n\v hnZym- ym-k-

ta-J-e-bnse kwh-cWw F∂ \n¿t±iw A∂v \S-∏m-°m-\m-bn-√.

bp]nF A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ h∂-ti-j-am-I-s´, s]mXp-an-\naw ]cn-]m-Sn-

bn¬ Xs∂ Cu \n¿tZiw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-ap-≠v.

F∂m¬ D∂-X-hn-Zym-`ym-k-ta-J-e-bnse ]nt∂m° kwh-cWw

F∂ \n¿tZiw \S-∏n-em-°m-\p≈ ASn-b-¥nc kml-Ncyw krjvSn-

°-s∏- Xv ]n.-G.-C-\mw-Zm¿ tIknse (2005) kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[n-tbm-

sS-bm-Wv. Cu tIknse hn[n-bn-emWv kzIm-cy, A¨-F-bvUUv

hnZym- ymk ÿm]-\-ß-fn¬ kwh-c-Whpw k¿°m¿ Izm´bpw G¿s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂Xv c-W-L-S\m hncp-≤-am-sW∂v kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[n-®-Xv.

Cu hn[n krjvSn® ]Xn-k‘n amdn-I-S-°m-\mWv ]m¿e-sa‚ v 93-

˛mw c-W-L-S-\m-t -Z-KXn ]m m-°n-b-Xv. B t`Z-KXn ]Imcw ]pXp-

Xmbn Dƒs∏-SpØnb A\p-tOZw 15(5), hnZym-`ymk taJ-e-bn¬ ˛

kzIm-cy- -A -F-bvUUv ÿm]-\-ß-fn-epƒs∏sS kwh-c-W-Øn\v

hyhÿ sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu t`Z-KXn \ne-hn¬ h∂-tXmsS k¿°m-

cn\v h∂p tN¿∂ c-W-L-S-\m-_m-[yX \nd-th-‰m-\p≈ ]cn-iaw

amX-amWv A¿Pp≥ knßns‚ ]Jym-]-\-Øn-e-S-ßn-bn- p-≈-Xv. c-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

W-L-S-\m-t -Z-KXn \ne-hn¬ h∂p Ign™ ÿnXn°v kwh-cWw \S-

∏n-em-°m-\p≈ iaw \S-Øm-Xn-cp-∂m-emWv ]Xn-tj-[-ap-b-tc-≠-Xv.

Chn-sS-bm-Is´ c-W-L-S\m _m[yX \nd-th-‰p-∂-Xn-s\-Xn-sc-bm-bn-

´mWv Nne¿ sXcp-hn-en-d-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

sadn-‰n\v FXntcm?

kwh-cW hncp≤ ]t£m- -I-cp-sSbpw Ahsc ]n¥p-W-°p-∂-h-

cp-sSbpw ][m-\-hmZw sadn‰v ]q¿Æ-ambpw Ań-a-dn-°-s∏-Sp∂p F∂-

Xm-Wv. AXns‚ ê-ambn sF.-F.-Sn-Ifpw sF.-sF.-F-Ωp-Ifpw

t]mep≈ A¥m-cmjvS \ne-hm-c-Øn-ep≈ D∂X hnZym-- ymk ÿm]-

\-ßƒ anI-hns‚ tIµ-ß-f-√m-Xm-bn-Øocpw F∂pw Ah¿ hne-]n-

°p-∂p. Cu Bi-¶-I-fn¬ Fs¥-¶nepw hkvXp-X-bpt≠m? AXv

]cn-tim-[n-°-W-sa-¶n¬ sadn‰v F∂ k¶¬∏sØ Xs∂ Hcp kq£va

]cn-tim-[-\°v hnt[-b-am-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. sadn‰v F∂Xv kmaqly

bmYm¿-∞y-ß-fn¬ \n∂v AS¿-Øn-am‰n tIh-e-ambn hne-bn-cp-tØ≠

H∂-√. C¥y-t]mse ISpØ kmº-Øn-Im-k-a-Xz-ßfpw Xoh-amb

kmaq-ly-hn-th-N-\hpw \ne-\n-ev°p∂ Hcp cmPyØv Cu LS-I-ß-

sfm∂pw kzm[o-\n-°m-ØXpw thdn´v \n¬°p-∂-Xp-amb Hcp am\-Z-

WvU-amWv sadn‰v F∂ hmZw bp‡n-k-l-P-a-√.

D∂X--hn-Zym- ym-k-ÿm-]-\-ß-fn-te-°p≈ ]th-i-\-Øn¬ sadn‰v

\n›-bn-°p-∂Xv ]th-i-\-]-co-£-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-W-t√m.

sF.-sF.-Sn-Iƒ, sF.-sF.-F-Ωp-Iƒ F∂n-h-bn-te-°p≈ ]th-i-\-]-

]-co-£-I-fn¬ hnPbw sImøp-∂-h-cpsS kmaqly kmº-ØnI ]›m-

Øew F¥mWv? Ah-cn¬ alm-`q-cn-]-£hpw kh¿Æ, D]-cn-a-[y-

h¿K ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ \n∂p-h-cp-∂-h-cmWv F∂v ]T-\-ßƒ sXfn-

bn-°p-∂p. D∂-X-amb kzIm-cy, htcWy kvIqfp-I-fn¬ ]Tn-®v,

]Whpw ka-bhpw sNe-h-gn®v kzIm-cy-tIm-®nßv sk‚-dp-I-fn¬

\n∂p≈ ]cn-io-e\w t\Sn-bmWv Ch¿ ]th-i\ ]co-£bv°v FØp-

∂-Xv. AtX-k-abw Zfn-Xv, ]nt∂m° hn`m-K-ß-fn¬s]´ Ipń-Iƒ°v

sNe-th-dnb tIm®nßpw Xøm-sd-Sp-∏p-I-fp-w kz]v\w ImWm≥ t]mep-

am-hn-√. Ah¿ IS-∂p-h-cp-∂Xv ªm°vt_m¿Upw aqX-∏p-cbpw ta¬°q-

cbpw C√mØ k¿°m¿ hnZym-e-b-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-am-Wv. XnI-®pw, n∂-

amb, Cu km-l-N-cy-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-h-cp∂ Ipń-I-fpsS sadn-‰ns\

177Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


Htc Af-hp-tIm¬sIm≠v \n¿W-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬ F¥v \ymb-amWp

≈Xv? AXm-bXv sadn-‰n-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ k¶¬∏w Xs∂ s]mfn-s®-Sp-

t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂¿∞w.

kwh-cWw \S-∏m-°n-bm¬ anI-hns‚ tIµ-ß-fn¬ \ne-hm-c-Ø-

I¿®-bp-≠m-Ip-sa∂ hmZ-Ønepw Ig-ºn-√. Imc-Ww, tbmKy-Xm-]-

cn£ ]Im-c-ap≈ an\naw tbmKyX t\Sp-∂-h¿ amX-am-Wt√m kwh-

c-W-Øn\pw AXn-eqsS ]th-i-\-Øn\pw A¿l-cm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xv.

an\naw tbmKy-X-bp-≈-h-cn¬ \n∂v ]cn-an-X-amb ko‰p-I-fn-te°v

hnZym¿∞n-Isf sXc-s™-Sp-t°-≠n-h-cp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wt√m ][m-

\-ambpw ]th-i-\-]-co£ Xs∂ th≠n-h-cp-∂-Xv. Cßs\ an\naw

tbmKyX t\Sn-b-h-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ ]th-i\ ]co£m ISº IS-

°p∂ \yq\-]-£-sam-gnsI as‰-√m-hcpw \ne-hmcw Ipd-™-h-cmWv

F∂ hne-bn-cp-Ø¬ bp‡n°v \nc-°p-∂-X-√. kwh-c-W-Øn-eqsS

]th-i\w t\Sp-∂-h-sc√mw tami-°m-cmWv F∂ hmZsØ ]apJ

hnZym- ymk hnN-£-W\pw aZmkv C≥Ãn-‰yq v Hm v sUh-e-]vsa‚ v

ÃUo-kns‚ (MIDS) sNb¿am-\p-amb tNm.-Fw.-A-\-¥-Ir-jvW≥

JWvUn-°p-∂p. kwh-cWw \ne-\n¬°p∂ C¥y-bpsS ]e ]apJ

k¿∆-I-em-im-e-Ifpw anIhpw D∂-X-\n-e-hmchpw \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Imcyw

At±lw Nq≠n-Im-Wn-°p-∂p. Jc-Kv]q¿ sF.-sF.-Sn.-bpsS Ub-d-IvS-

dpsS ]Xn-I-c-Whpw tUm.-A-\-¥-Ir-jvWs‚ \ne-]m-Sp-Isf icn-sh-

°p∂ Xc-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv. U¬ln Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp k¿∆-I-

em-ime A[ym-]n-Ibpw ]apJ kmº-ØnI imkvX-⁄-bp-amb

tUm.-P-bXn tLmjv, kwh-cWw D∂-X-hn-Zym- ym-k-ÿm-]-\-ß-fpsS

sshhn[yw kºp-jvS-am-°p-sa∂pw CXv KpW-\n-e-hmcw h¿≤n-°m≥

klm-bn-°p-sa∂pw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p.

sadn-‰n-s\-°p-dn®pw KpW-\n-e-hm-c-sØ-°p-dn®pw Ct∏mƒ Bi-¶-

s∏-Sp-∂-h-scm∂pw I®-hS hnZym- ym-k-ÿm-]-\-ßfpsS hym]-\-Øn\pw

Iym]n-t‰-j≥ o kº-Zm-b-Øn-\p-sa-Xnsc i_vZn-®n-s√∂ Imcyw

it≤-b-am-Wv. Iym]n--t‰-j≥ okv kº-Zm-bhpw ]Ww apS-°m≥

Ign-bp-∂-h¿°p --amXw ]th-i\ap≈ kzmi-b-ÿm-]-\-ßfpw D∂-

X-hn-Zym-`ymkw kº-∂¿°p-am-X-ambn kwh-cWw sNøp-I-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. sadn-‰p-≠m-bn´pw ]W-an-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ FXtbm Ip´n-Iƒ°v

CØcw ÿm]-\-ß-fn¬ ]th-i\w \ntj-[n-°-s∏´ A\p- -h-ßƒ


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

\ΩpsS ap-∂n-ep-≠v. Ft¥ At∏m-sgm∂pw sadn‰v Ań-a-dn-°-s∏-Sp-

∂-Xn-s\-Xnsc tcmj-ap-b¿∂n√? ]n∂m° kwh-c-WsØ \J-in-Jm

¥w FXn¿°p-∂-h-sct¥ kzmi-b-tIm-tf-Pp-I-fnepw kzImcy k¿∆-

I-em-im-e-I-fnepw F≥-B¿sF Izm´ G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw AXns‚

t]cn-ep≈ ko‰v teew hnfn°pw FXnsc cwK-Øp-h-∂n√? kwh-c

Ww anSp-°≥am-cpsS ko‰v \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂-h¿ F≥.-

B¿.sF Izm´ G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ \jvS-s∏-Sp∂ Ah-k-c-sØ-°p-

dn®v apd-hnfn Iq´p-∂-h¿ bpPn-kn-bp-tSbpw F.-sF.-kn.-Sn-bp-tS-bp-sa√mw

\n›nX am\-Z-WvU-ßƒ ewLn-®p-sIm≠pw Bh-iy-amb ùXnI

kuI-cy-ßƒ t]mcp-an-√m-sXbpw \ne-hmcw Ipd™ hnZym-`ymkw

hn]Ww sNøp∂ kzmib tImtf-Pp-I-fp-tSbpw kzIm-cy-k¿∆-I-em-

im-e-I-fp-sSbpw Imcy-Øn¬ F¥p \ne-]m-sS-Sp-°p∂p? Cu ÿm]-

\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v h¿jw tXmdpw ]pd-Øn-d-ßp∂ \ne-hm-c-an-√mØ _ncp-

Z-[m-cn-Isf Ch¿ ImWmsX t]mIp-∂-sX-¥p-sIm≠v?

kwh-cWw \S-∏n-em-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v sadn‰v Ań-a-dn-°-s∏-Sp-I-b√

kmaq-ly-\o-Xnbpw Ah-k-c-k-a-Xzhpw AXp-hgn P\m-[n-]Xy hyh-

ÿ-X-s∂bpw i‡n-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. kwh-cWw \ne-

hnep≠m-bn´pw sXt° C¥y≥ kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ IqSp-X¬ ]h¿Ø-

\-£-a-amb P\m-[n-]-Xyhpw Xmc-X-tay\ anI® ]I-S\w ImgvN-sh-

°p∂ kº-Zvhyhÿ-bpaps≠∂ \nco-£Ww s]m^: Im© Geø

\S-Øp-∂p-≠v. amX-a-√, Idp-Ø-h¿-K-°m¿°v Xpey Ah-kcw

]Zm\w sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw amX-amWv Ata-cn-°≥ kº-Zvhy-h-ÿ-

bn¬ apt∂‰w Zriy-am-bXv F∂pw At±lw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p.

]ptcm-K-Xn-bn¬ Ahsc ]¶m-fn-bm-t°-≠-Xn-s‚ ]m[m\yhpw s]m^:

Im© Geø Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂p.

Xoh-amb Ak-a-Xzw

kwh-cWsØ FXn¿°p-∂-h¿ C¥y-bnse kmaqly bmYm¿∞y-

ßfpw Ah D∂-X-hn-Zym- ymk taJ-e-bn¬ Fßs\ ]I-S-am-°p-∂p-

sh∂pw a\- n-em-Im-Ø-htcm As√-¶n¬ AtX-°p-dn®v t_m[-]q¿∆w

A⁄X \Sn-°p-∂-htcm BWv. D∂-X-hn-Zym- ym-k-ta-J-e-bn¬ ]ń-

I-PmXn ]ń-I-h¿K hn`m-K-ß-fp-tSbpw ]nt∂m° hn`m-K-ß-fp-tSbpw

]m-Xn-\n[yw kw_-‘n®v e`y-amb IW-°p-Iƒ sRń-∏n-°p-∂-h-bm-

179Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


Wv. sF.-sF.-Sn.-Ifpw sF.-sF.-F-Ωp-Ifpw t]mep≈ AXn-hn-in-

jvS-amb D∂-X-hn-Zym- ym-k-ÿm-]-\-ß-fnse ]th-i\w P\-kw-Jy-

bnse \men-sem∂v hcp∂ htc-Wy-hn- m-K-ßƒ IpØ-I-bm°n sh®n-

cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. cmPysØ P\-kw-Jy-bn¬ 8% hcp∂ ]´n-I-h¿K-°m¿

16% ]´n-I-Pm-Xn-°m¿ 52% hcp∂ H.-_n.-kn-Iƒ F∂n-h¿°v Cu ÿm]-

\-ß-fn¬ ÿm\-an-s√-∂p-Xs∂ ]d-bmw. cmPysØ D∂X s]m^-

j-W-ep-I-fn¬ \men¬ aq∂v mK-tØbpw kw`m-h\ sNøp-∂Xv P\-

kw-Jy-bnse \men-sem∂v amXw hcp∂ kh¿Æ htcWy hn`m-K-

ß-fm-Wv.

anI-hns‚ tIµ-ßƒ F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ hnc-en-se-Æm-hp∂ ÿm]-

\-ß-fn¬ amX-a√ cmPysØ D∂X hnZym- ym-k-ta-J-e-bn¬ s]mXp-

hn¬ Cu Ak-aXzw ]I-S-am-Wv. \mj-W¬ kmºnƒ k¿t∆ ]Im-

c-ap≈ ÿnXn-hn-h-c-W-°-W-°p-Isf Bkv]-Z-am-°n-bp≈ Hcp ]T\w

]d-bp-∂-Xv, P\-kw-Jy-bnse Ccp-]-Xp-h-b- n-\p-ap-I-fn¬ ]mb-ap-≈-

h-cpsS FÆ-Øn\v B\p-]m-Xn-I-ambn _ncp-Z-[m-cn-I-fpsS FÆw IW-

°m-°p-tºmƒ Fkv.-kn, Fkv.-Sn, H.-_n.kn hn`m-K-ß-fn-ep-≈-Xns‚

A©n-c- n-bn-te-sd-bmWv kh¿Æ lnµp-°ƒ°n-S-bnse _ncp-Z-[m-cn-

I-fpsS FÆw F∂m-Wv. CXv Kmao-W-ta-J-e-bnse IW-°m-sW-

¶n¬ \K-c-ß-fnse Ak-aXzw CXn-t\-°mƒ cq£-amWv F∂pw ]T\w

]d-bp-∂p. _ncp-Z-[m-cn-I-fpsS FÆ-Øns‚ tZiob icm-i-cn-bpsS

hfsc apI-fn-emWv kh¿Æ lnµp-hn- m-K-ß-sf-¶n¬ Fkv.-kn, Fkv.-

Sn, H.-_n.-kn, ap…ow hn`m-K-ßƒ F√m-bvt∏mgpw AXn-\p-h-fsc Xmsg-

bm-sW∂pw ]T\w hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

Cu ÿnXn hnh-c-°-W-°p-Iƒ hnc¬Nq-≠p-∂Xv cmPysØ D∂-

X-hn-Zym- ym-k-cw-KØv \ne-\n¬°p∂ kh¿Æ kº-∂-ta-[mhn-Xz-Øn-

te°pw hnZym- ym-k-Øns‚ Xs∂ h¿K-kz- m-h-Øn-te-°p-am-Wv. h¿-

K-]-c-amb A[o-i-XzsØ \ne-\n¿Øp∂ D]-I-c-W-ambn hnZym- ymkw

h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv Fßns\ F∂v Cu hkvXp-X-Iƒ hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

hn⁄m\w Xs∂ aqe-[-\-ambnØocp-Ibpw Adn-hn-\p-ta-ep≈ B[n-

]Xyw kmaqly kmº-ØnI ta[m-hn-Xz-hp-ambpw cmjvSo-bm-[n-Im-c-

hp-ambpw IqSp-X¬ -]-I-S-ambn _‘w ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂

kml-N-cy-ß-fmWv C∂v \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xv. AXn-\m-emWv D∂-X-hn-

Zym- ym-k-cw-KØv s]mXp-hnepw tijvT-amb ÿm]-\-ß-fn¬ hnti-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

jn®pw \ne-hn-ep≈ h¿K-L-S-\°v AXn-tem-e-amb t]md-se-¶nepw

G¬°m≥ kwh-cWw CS-bm-°ptam F∂ Bi-¶-bn¬ ISpØ Ak-

ln-jvWp-Xbpw FXn¿∏p-ap-b-cp-∂-Xv. Hcp ]apJ Cw•ojv Zn\-]-X-

Øn¬ kwh-c-WsØ i‡-ambn FXn¿Øp-sIm≠v Hcp hnZym¿∞n

Fgp-Xnb Ipdn-∏n¬, B[p-\nI C¥y-bpsS apJ-amb sF.-sF.-Sn-Ifpw

sF.-sF.-F-Ωp-Ifpw hnZym- ym-k-cw-KsØ t£X-ß-fmWv F∂v hnti-

jn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu Xmc-X-ay-hpw, t£X-]-th-i\w Xs∂ hne-

°n-bn-cp∂ ]g-b-Im-e-Øns‚ Hm¿Ω-I-fp-W¿Øp-∂-Xm-Wv. t£X-

]-th-i\w \ntj-[n® Ncn-X-]-c-amb A\o-Xn-bpsS Bh¿Ø\w

Xs∂-bmWv D∂-X-hn-Zym-`ymk ]th-i-\-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb \ne-]mSpw

F∂v tUm.- A-\-¥-Ir-jvW≥ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. B[p-\nI C¥y-

bpsS apJio \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw ]pXnb ImesØ hnZym-t£-X-

ß-fpsS ]hn-XX \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw CS-bm-°p∂ ]nt∂m° ]´n-I-

Pm-Xn-°m¿°v ap∂n¬ hmXn-ep-Iƒ Xpd-°-cpXv F∂-XmWv kwh-c-

W-hn-cp-≤-]-t£m- -I-cpsS at\m- m-hw.

kuIcyw hn]p-eo-I-cn-°Ww

kwh-cWsØ FXn¿°p-∂-h¿ Ct∏mƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv ]mY-anI hn-

Pym-`ym-k-ta-J-e-bn-emWv kwh-cWw BZyw \S-∏m-t°-≠Xv F∂m-

Wv. hn.-]n.-knwKv k¿°m¿ tIµ-k¿∆o-kn¬ tPmen-kw-h-cWw \S-

∏n-em-°n-b-Xns\ FXn¿°p-tºmƒ ]d-™Xv tPmen-°√ AXn\v

]m]vX-cm-°m≥ D∂-X-hn-Zym- ym-k-ta-J-e-bn-emWv kwh-cWw G¿s∏-

Sp-tØ-≠Xv F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. D∂-X-hn-Zym-`ymk cwKØv kwh-c-W-

Øns‚ ]iv\w h∂-t∏m-gsØ \ymbw AXv ]mY-anI hnZym- ym-k-

cw-K-Øm-hs´ F∂m-bn-cp∂p!! ]mY-anI hn-Pym-`ym-k-cw-KØv IqSp-

X¬ kuI-cy-ßƒ krjvSn-°p-Ibpw \ne-hmcw Db¿Øp-Ibpw thW-

sa∂pw kwh-c-WsØ FXn¿°p-∂-h¿ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu

Bhiyw \nd-th-‰-W-sa-¶n¬ hnZym- ym-k-cw-KØv k¿°m-cns‚ sNehv

h¿≤n-∏n-°-Ww. hnZym- ym-k-cw-KØv \n∂p≈ k¿°m-cns‚ ]n≥am-

‰w-A-\p-im-kn-°p-∂-h-bmWv BtKm-fo-I-c-W-\-b-ßƒ. Cu \b-ßsf

]n¥p-W-°p-∂-h¿ Xs∂-bmWv Ct∏mƒ ]mY-anI hnZym-`ym-k-cw-

KsØ k¿°m¿ CS-s]-S¬ h¿≤n-∏n-°-W-sa∂ apd-hnfn Db¿Øp-

∂Xv F∂ sshcp-≤y-hp-ap-≠v. Xo¿®-bmbpw ]mY-anI hnZym-`ym--k-

181Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


Øns‚ \ne-hm-chpw kuI-cy-ßfpw h¿≤n-∏n-°-Ww. ]t£, ASn-

b-¥nc ]cn-lmcw AX-√. D∂-Xn-hn-Zym-`ym-k-Øns‚ hmXn-ep-Iƒ

Zfn-Xv, ]nt∂m° hn`m-K-ßƒ°v Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp-°pI F∂ ASn-b-¥n-

cm-h-iy-Øn\v as‰m∂pw ]I-c-am-hn-√.

ASn-b-¥n-c-ambn sNtø-≠Xv D∂-X-hn-Zym- ym-k-cw-KsØ ]T-\-ku-

I-cy-ßƒ hn]p-eo-I-cn-°pI F∂-Xm-Wv. anI-hns‚ tIµ-ßƒ F∂v

hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-bnse ko‰p-I-fpsS FÆw-h¿≤n-∏n-°-Ww.

CØcw hnin-jvS-amb ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS FÆhpw Iqt -≠-Xp-≠v. B

Zni-bn-ep≈ Nne \o°-ßƒ tIµ-k¿°m¿ \S-Øp-∂Xv kzmK-Xm¿l-

am-Wv. ImcWw C¥y-bn¬ KpW-ta≥a-bp≈ D∂-X-hn-Zym-`ym-k-

Øn\p≈ Bhiyw h¿≤n®p hcn-I-bm-Wv. cmPysØ P\-kw-Jy-

bnse 54% hpw Ccp-]-Øn-b©v hb- n\p Xmsg ]mb-ap-≈-h-cm-Wv.

D∂-X-hn-Zym- ym-k-Øn\v A¿l-cmb ]mb-]-cn-[n-bn¬s]- -h-cn¬ shdpw

6%Øn\p-am-Xta C¥y-bn¬ ]T-\-ku-Icyw e`y-am-Ip-∂p-≈p. hnI-

knX cmPy-ß-fn-se√mw A¿l-amb ]mb-]-cn-[n-bn¬s]´ 20% Øn\v

D∂-X-hn-Zym- ymkw e`y-am-Wv. kuIcyw ]cn-an-X-am-bXpw A¿l-cm-

b-h¿s°√mw Ah-kcw \¬Im≥ Ign-bm-ØXpw aqe-amWv kwh-

cWw A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xv. hnZym- ym-k-cw-KsØ kmaq-ly-\oXn

i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ ÿm]-\-ßfpw ko‰pw h¿≤n-∏n°p-Ibpw ]nt∂m-

°-°m¿°v kwh-cWw ASn-b-¥n-c-ambn G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bp-amWv

]mtbm-Kn-I-amb am¿Kw. Cßs\ kwh-cWw G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ

Xs∂ AXns‚ B\p-Iqeyw ]nt∂m-°-°m-cnse ]mh-s∏-´-h¿°v

In´p∂p F∂v Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øm\pw Ah¿°n-S-bnse kmº-Øn-I-ambn

sa®-s∏-´-h¿°v In´p∂p F∂v Dd-∏ph-cp-Øm\pw Ah¿°n-S-bnse

kmº-Øn-I-ambn sa®-s∏-´-h¿ AXv Iø-S-°m-Xn-cn-°m\pw Bh-iy-

amb Hcp kmº-Øn-I- kmaqly am\-ZWvUw Bhn-jn-°-cn-t°-≠-Xp-

≠v. F√m hn`m-K-ß-fn-te°pw kmº-Øn-I-ambn ]mh-s∏-´-h¿°v

]tbm-P\w e`n°pw hn[-am-bn-cn-°Ww kwh-c-W-Øns‚ am\-Z-WvU-

ßƒ°v cq]w \¬tI-≠-Xv. amX-a-√, 93-˛mw `c-W-L-S-\, t`Z-K-Xn-

bpsS ]n≥_ew D]-tbm-K-s∏-SpØn ]nt∂m-°-°m¿°p≈ kwh-cWw

kzIm-cy-kzm-ib tImtf-Pp-I-fn¬°qSn \S-∏m-°p-Ibpw Ahsb IqSp-

X¬ e-]-Z-ambn \nb-¥n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn-\p≈ kXzc \S-]-

Sn-Ifpw D≠m-th-≠-Xp-≠v.


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Npcp-°-Øn¬, kwh-cWsØ ap≥\n¿Ønbp≈ X¿°w sshIm-

cn-I-amb Hcp ]iv\-am°n DuXn-s∏-cp-∏n-°m≥ A\p-h-Zn-°mØ hn[-

Øn¬ bp‡-nk-l-amb \S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°p-I-bmWv Bh-iyw.

aWvU¬ IΩo-j≥ dnt∏m¿ v \S-∏n-em-°p-∂-Xn-s\-Xn-cmbn Bkq-Xn-

X-ambn Agn-®p-hn- -]-t£m- -Øns‚ ]mT-ßƒ hnkva-cn-®p-Iq-Sm. kmaq-

ly-kw-L¿j-Øn-s‚bpw kmap-Zm-bnI kv]¿≤-bp-tSbpw Xobm-fp-∂-

Xn\v kwh-c-W-]iv\w tlXp-hm-bn-Øo-c-cp-Xv. AtX-k-a-bw kmaq-

ly-\o-Xn, Ah-k-c-k-a-Xzw, P\m-[n-]Xyw F∂o e£y-ß-tfm-Sp≈

]Xn-_-≤-X-bn¬ hn´p-hogvN sNømsX Xs∂ ]nt∂m° hn`m-K-kw-

h-cWw \S-∏m-°p-Ibpw thWw.

bph-[mc,

2006 Pq¨

183Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


`mKw \mev


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Hm.-F≥.hn: Ihn-X-bpsS \nXy-h-k-¥-w

hm°p-Iƒ°v hcƒ®bpw mh-\bv°v ssiXyhpw _m[n-°msX

Ihn-X-bn¬ \nXy-h-k¥w krjvSn®v Bdp ]Xn-‰m-≠mbn A\¿§-f-

ambn Hgp-Ip∂ Imhy-]-hm-l-amWv Hm.F≥.-hn. At±-l-Øns‚ km¿

∞-Ihpw k^-e-hp-amb Imhy-Po-hnXw HSp-hn¬ ⁄m\-]o-T-sa∂

A£-c-tem-I-Øns‚ DØpw-K-irw-K-ambncn°p-∂p. B\-µm-Xn-tc-I-

tØm-sS-bmWv ae-bmfn ktΩm-l-\-amb Cu ImgvNsb FXn-tc¬°p-

∂-Xv. Hm.-F≥.-hn. ae-bm-f-Øn-se-∂-√, mc-Xob kmln-Xy-tem-I-Øp-

Xs∂ Hcp Imhy hnkva-b-am-Wv. kpZo¿L-amb Imhy-Po-hn-X-Øn-ep-

S-\ofw ssieo- -Z-Xbpw in¬]-Nm-cp-Xbpw mh-Xo-h-Xbpw mj-bpsS

Hfn-a-ßmØ HmP pw ImØp-kq-£n-°m≥ At±-l-Øn-s\-t∏mse

A[n-Iam¿°pw Ign-™n- n-√.

a\p-jy-kvt\-l-Øns‚ Xo£vW kuµ-cyw, AXn¬\n-∂p-f-hm-

Ip∂ \nkz-h¿§ ]£-]m-Xw, CXp c≠pw tN¿∂ hnπ-hm-`n-apJyw

CXn-s\-√m-sam∏w at\m-l-c-ambn ebn-®p-tN-cp∂ ]W-bhpw B¿Z-

Xbpw \nd™ Imev]-\nI emhWyw F∂n-h-sb-√m-amWv H.-F≥.hn.

Ihn-X-bpsS apJ-ap-Z.

"Zmln-°p∂ ]m\-]mXw' F∂ BZy-k-am-lm-c-Øn\v Ah-Xm-cnI

Fgp-Xnb ap≠-t»cn amÃ¿ At±-lsØ hnti-jn-∏n-®Xv "Hcm-bp-

jvImew sIm≠v sNtø≠ Ihn-I¿Ωw sNdp-∏-Øn¬ sNbvX Ihn''

F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. GsXmcp sNdp-∏-°m-c-s\bpw ]tem- n-∏n-°m\pw kzbw

ad-°m-\pw-t]m∂ ]iw-k, ]t£, H.-F≥.-hn. Ihn-I¿a-Øns‚ ZuXyw

icn°pw Xncn-®-dn-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]e Ihn-I-tfbpw Iem-Im-c-∑m-

185Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


scbpw Ae-´nb Zm¿i-\nI ]iv\-Øn\v B¿s°m∏w \n¬°-W-

sa∂ ]iv\-Øn\v H.-F≥.hn°v A∂p-an∂pw Ak-∂n-Kv≤-amb DØ-

c-ap≠v. ]pc-kvIm-c-hn-hcw Adn-™-ti-j-ap≈ Hcp Nm\¬ A`n-ap-J-

Øn¬, ""ssIX-∏q-hns‚ aWhpw NIn-cn-t®m-dns‚ \m‰-hp-ap≈'' Kma-

Ønse Ip´n-°mew Fß-s\-bmWv Xs‚ Ihn-Xsb AKm-[-ambn

kzm[o-\n-®-sX∂v At±lw ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Nh-d-sb∂ sNdp-Kma-

Ønse A[zm-\n-°p∂ a\p-jy-cpsS hnb¿∏pw ]Xn-X-cpsS IÆo-cns‚

D∏pw Nh¿∏p-sa-√m-amWv Xs‚ Imhy-Z¿i-\sØ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-

sX∂pw Ihn-Xs∂ ]Jym-]n-°p-∂p. \nµn-X-s‚bpw a¿±n-X-s‚bpw

lrZ-b-Xm-f-hp-ambn Hm.F≥.-hn. IhnX XmZm-fly-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv bmZr-

›n-I-a√ F∂¿∞w. At±-l-Øns‚ cN-\-I-fn-ep-S-\ofw A¥¿[m-

c-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Cusbmcp ]Xn-X-h¿§-]-£-]m-X-am-Wv. G‰-hp-sam-

Sp-hn¬ ""kvt\ln®p Xocm-Ø-h¿'' F∂ Ihn-X-bn-epw.

""kvt\ln®p \Ωƒ A\-iz-c-cm-hpI

kvt\ln®p Xocm-sØm-cm-flm-°-fm-hpI'-'˛

F∂n-ßs\ F√m ]dp-Zo-km-\-jvS-Øn-\-∏pdw qan-bnse kz¿§w

"Xm≥t]m-cn-a-bp≈ a\p-jy-cn¬' BsW∂ Imcy-Øn¬ Hm.F≥.hn°v

kwi-b-ta-Xp-an-√.

""s]m∂-cn-hm-f-ºn-fn-bn-se...'' F∂p XpS-ßp∂ \mS-I-Km-\-Ønepw

]W-bhpw ]Xn-X-h¿§m- n-ap-Jyhpw hnπ-hm- n-hm-RvObpw Cg-tN¿∂

Im¬]-\nI kuµ-cy-amWv hgn-s™m-gp-Ip-∂-Xv. CX-ta¬ A¿∞-

k-ºp-jvShpw kwKo-X-a-[p-chpw lrZ-bm¿Z-hp-amb hcn-Iƒ

tIƒ°m\pw aqfm\pw sImXn-°mØ ae-bm-fn-Iƒ qan-bn-se-hn-sSbpw

D≠m-In-√. Cßs\ ]mb-t`-Z-at\y Xe-ap-d-Isf H∂n-∏n-°p-Ibpw

ImesØ AXn-Po-hn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ A\-iz-c-amb At\Iw hcn-

I-fmWv Hm.F≥.hn sb ae-bm-fn-Iƒ°-X-ta¬ ]nb-¶-c-\m-°p-∂-Xv.

""\Ωfp sImøpw hb-se√mw

\Ωp-sS-XmIpw ss]¶n-fntb'' F∂v Hm.F≥.hn ]mSn-bXv At±-

l-Øn\v hfsc sNdp-∏-am-bn-cp-∂-t∏m-gm-Wv. F∂m¬ B_m-e-hr≤w

P\-Xbpw AtX-‰p-]m-Sn-bXv B P\-X-bpsS AXn-Po-h-\-k-a-c-Øns‚

]Xym-ibpw ]Xy-b-im-kvXhpw Bhm-ln-s®-SpØv B‰n-°p-dp-°nb

A]q¿∆-Nm-cp-X-bp≈ hcn-I-fmbn Ah Ncn-X-Øn¬ CSw-]n-Sn-®Xpw


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-am-Wv.

amXr-Xz-sa∂ B¿Z-hn-ip-≤hpw km¿∆-eu-In-I-hp-amb alm-k-

Xyhpw qan-bnse kIe kuµ-cy-Øn\pw ]n∂n-ep≈ A[zm-\-Øns‚

hnb¿∏pw IÆocpw alm-Xym-K-ß-tfm¿Ωn-°p∂ "AΩ' t]mep≈

FX-sbX Xoh-amb Imhym-\p-`-h-ßƒ tIc-fo-b¿°v kΩm-\n-®n-

cn-°p∂p Cu Ihn.

a\p-jy-cn-ep≈ AN-©-e-amb hnizm-khpw am\-hn-I-X-tbm-Sp≈

AS-ßmØ B`n-ap-Jyhpw ]Ir-Xn-tbm-Sp-≈-Xp-Iq-Sn-bmbn ]cn-W-an-

°p-∂p≠v At±-l-Øns‚ Ihn-X-I-fn¬. Cu B`n-ap-Jyhpw ]Ir-

Xn-tbmSv sNøp∂ ]mX-I-ß-fn-ep≈ \odp∂ tcmjhpw Ihn-X-bmbn

Hgp-In-b-XmWv "`qan-bvs°mcp Nc-a-KoX-w'. Bk-∂-amb B]-Øn-

s\-°p-dn®v ap∂-dn-bn∏v \¬In-bn-cp∂p Im¥-Z¿in-bmb Ihn. a\p-

jy-tcmSpw ]Ir-Xn-tbm-Sp-ap≈ A\p-`m-hw, kl-`m-hhpw XmZm-fly-

hp-ambn hnI-kn-°p-∂-Xns‚ A£-c-km-£y-amWv Hm.F≥.hnbpsS

Imhy-]-]-©w.

""IqS-dn-bp-∂n-√. ]£n-X≥ k¶-S'' -sa∂v D÷-bn-\n-bn¬ At±-l-

sa-gp-Xp-tºmƒ Pohn-X-Øns‚ A⁄m-X-amb sI´p-]m-Sp-I-sf-°p-

dn®pw \mw Adn-bmsX Hm¿Øp-t]m-Ip-∂p. ""PohnXsa∂ alm-al''

sØ°p-dn-®p≈ hnizm-k-]-amWw ae-bm-f- m-j-bpsS G‰hpw kpµ-

chpw AXn-tesd kpXm-cyhpw AXn-ep-tasd Z-hp-amb ssIh-gn-I-

fn-eqsS ]I¿∂p-X-∂-XmWv Hm.F≥.hnsb hyXn-cn-‡-\m-°p-∂-Xv.

ae-bmf Ihn-X-bvs°-∂-t]mse Imhym-flI \nd-™p-Xp-fp-ºp∂

Km\-ß-fn-eqsS Ne-®n-X-Km-\-im-Jbv°pw At±lw Aaq-ey-amb kw`m-

h-\-Iƒ \¬In. Hm.F≥.hn tZh-cm-P≥ Zzbw s\bvsX-SpØ \mS-

I-kw-Ko-X-Ønse ]pXnb `mhp-IXzw Ne-®nX Km\-im-J-bn-te°v

hnI-kn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hb-em¿ ˛ ]n `mkvI-c≥ F∂o alm-c-Y-

∑m¿s°m∏w Ne-®n-X-Km-\-im-Jbv°v efn-X-kw-Ko-X-Øn-s‚bpw ip≤-

kw-Ko-X-Øn-s‚bpw emh-Wy-a-t±lw ]I¿∂p-\¬In. ""Btcbpw mh-

Km-b-I-\m-°p∂ Bfl-ku-µcy''ap≈ Km\-ßƒ ho≠pw ho≠pw

tIƒ°m≥ Bkzm-Z-I-e-£-ßƒ BK-ln-®p. imen\n Fs‚ Iq´p-

Im-cn-bnse ""lna-ssie sskI-X-`q-hn-en-cp∂p \o...'', \J-£-X-ß-

fnse ""a™ƒ]-km-Zhpw...'', \osbX [\y F∂ kn\n-a-bnse ""Acn-

187Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


In¬ \o D≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬...'' XpS-ßn-bh F°m-e-sØbpw ]W-

b-k-¶-ev]-ßsf Zo]vX-am-°p∂ A]q¿∆ kpµc Km\-ß-fn¬ Nne-

Xm-Wv. hnπ-h-tX-P- mb Imƒ am¿Ivkv ]nb-Xa sP∂n°p ka¿∏n®

]W-b-I-hn-X-I-fpsS hmb-\m-\p- hw AXns‚ sshIm-cnI Xo£vW

X H´pw tNm¿∂p-t]m-ImsX ae-bm-fn°p kΩm-\n-®Xv Hm.F≥.hn

Bbn-cp-∂-t√m.

al-Ømb ae-bmf Imhy-]m-c-º-cysØ ]Im-i-]q¿Æ-am°n

s°m≠v ]tim- n-°p∂ Ihn-ti-jvT-\mWv Hm.F≥.hn. mjbv°pw

kmln-Xy-Øn\pw hcpw-X-e-ap-d-Iƒ°pw At±-l-Øns‚ IhnX ]tNm-

Z-\-Øns‚ h‰mØ Dd-h-bm-bn-cn-°pw. At±-l-tØm-sSm∏w ae-bmfw

ho≠p-sam-cn-°¬IqSn Hu∂-Xy-Øns‚ s\dp-I-bn-te-dp-tºmƒ aqt∂-

Im¬tImSn ae-bm-fn-I-ƒ°v A`n-am-\-aplq¿Ø-am-Wn-Xv. Ihn-X-bn-se-

∂-t]mse Pohn-X-Ønepw Kcn-abpw Ipeo-\-Xbpw anX-Xzhpw ImØp-

kq£n-°p∂ Ihn°v C\nbpw Gsd-°mew kvt\lm-£-c-ßƒ

sIm≠v A\p-hm-N-Isc Bt«-jn-°m-\m-Ipsa∂v ]Xym-in-°mw.

bph-[mc,

2010 HtŒm-_¿


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

\\-bmØ hnπ-h-Pzme

Hm¿aI-fpsS Zo]vX-amb temI-Øn-te°v sF kn ]n ]n≥hm-ßn.

sabv 27-˛\v cmhn-se-bm-bn-cp∂p B alm-\p-`m-hs‚ A¥yw. sImSp-

¶m-‰p-Iƒ hoin-bSn® Hcp ]£p-œ-Im-e-Øns‚ ]tNm-Z-\hpw km£n-

bp-am-bn-cp∂p Cu ]c-a-km-Xzn-I≥. sF kn ]n F∂ aq∂-£cw

]Xn-[z-\n-∏n-°p-∂Xv Ncn-X-Øn¬ apg-ßnb DW¿hns‚ CSn-ap-g-°-

ßs-f-bm-Wv. \hXn ]n∂n´ Zo¿L-Po-hnXw apgp-h≥ At±-l-Øn\v

t]mcm- hpw ]T-\-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. BZyw kap-Zmb ]cn-jvI-c-W-Øns‚

I¿a- q-an, ]ns∂ tZio-b-]-ÿm-\w, AXn¬ \n∂v Iayq-WnÃv ]m¿´n

˛ F∂n-ß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p -A-t±-l-Øns‚ ka-c-Xo-£vW-amb k©m-

c-]-Y-ßƒ. HSp-hn¬ ico-c-Øns‚ Ah-i-X-Iƒ I¿acw-KsØ kPo-

h-Xbv°v hnLm-X-am-b-t∏mgpw Nn¥-bnepw A`n-]m-b-ß-fnepw ]mbm-

[n-Iy-Øn\v hg-ßm≥ sF kn ]n bpsS a\ v hnk-Ω-Xn-®p. Nn¥-

bnepw \ne-]m-Sp-I-fnepw Xnf-®p-a-dn-bp∂ buh-\-Øns‚ ]k-cn∏v

A¥yw-hsc Hfn-a-ßmsX sF kn ]n ImØp-kq-£n-®p. Iuam-c-\m-

fp-I-fn¬ XpS-ßnb Bghpw ]c-∏p-ap≈ hmb\ ac-W-Øn\v Hcm-gvN-

ap-ºp-hsc A£oWw XpS¿∂p. sXmÆq-dp-I-fn-se-Øn-bn´pw ]pkvX-

I-ß-fpsS temIØv \hm-K-X-\mb Hcp inip-hns‚ HSp-ßmØ

Pn⁄m-k-tbmSpw IuXp-I-tØm-Spw-IqSn At±lw ho≠pw ho≠pw

hmbn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. ]pkvX-I-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw ]X-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw

temI-Ønse F√m ]pXp-N-e-\-ßƒ°pw \qX-\m-i-b-ßƒ°p-sam∏w

sF kn ]nbpw \S-∂p. HSp-hn¬ ]Imiw aßnb IÆp-Iƒ°v A£-

c-ßƒ A]-cn-Nn-X-am-b-tijw A[n-I-\mƒ sF kn ]n Pohn-®n-cp-∂n-

189Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


√. As√-¶nepw H∂pw sNøm-\n-√mØ Hcp \nc¿YI PohnXw \bn-

°m≥ At±-l-Øn-\m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXn-\m-Ip-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬,

kpJ-t`m-K-ß-fpsS Be-ky-ß-fn¬ A`n-c-an-°m≥ hI-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂

P∑nØ-d-hm-Sns‚ ]Sn-bn-dßn kl-P-cpsS Pohn-X-Øns‚ I\¬∏m-

X-I-fn-te°v At±lw kzbw Cd-ßn-h-cp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√t√m?

\ºq-Xn-cnsb a\p-jy-\m-°m≥

1910 k]vXw-_¿ Hº-Xn-\mWv ]gb h≈p-h-\mSv Xmeq-°nse

(C∂v H‰∏mew Xmeq-°v) Nf-hd C´ymw]d-ºØv a\-°¬ hmkp-tZ-

h≥ \ºq-Xn-cn-bp-sSbpw iotZhn A¥¿P-\-Øn-s‚bpw aI-\mbn sF

kn ]n F∂ Npcp-°-t∏-cn¬ ]n∂oSv ]i-kvX-\mb C´ymw-]-d-ºØv

sNdnb ]c-ta-iz-c≥ \ºq-Xncn P\n-°p-∂-Xv. At±-l-Øn\v ]mY-anI

hnZym-`ymkw t]mepw A∂v e`n-®n-cp-∂n-√. ]t£, thZ-]-T-\hpw

kwkvIr-X-]-T-\hpw \S-Øm≥ Ah-k-c-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. kwkvIr-X-]-

T-\-Øns‚ \mfp-I-fn¬Xs∂ ]ptcm-K-a-\m-i-b-ßƒ sF kn ]nbpsS

Iuam-c-a-\- ns\ kzm[o-\n-®p-Xp-S-ßn. B kzm[o-\w, kap-Zm-b-]-cn-

jvI-c-W-Øns‚ Iml-f-ap-b¿Ønb D¬]-Xn-jvWp-°-fp-am-bp≈

kº¿°Øn-te-°mWv At±-lsØ \bn-®-Xv.

""\ºq-Xn-cnsb a\p-jy-\m-°pI' F∂ hn.SnbpsS hnπ-h-I-c-amb

Blzm-\-Øns‚ ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ At∏m-tgbv°pw bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I-Xz-

Øns‚ Cu‰n-√-ßsf hnd-sIm-≈n®p XpS-ßn-bn-cp-∂p. Bbn-S-bv°mWv

sF kn ]nbpsS ktlm-Zcn iotZ-hnsb Hcp hr≤≥ \ºq-Xn-cn°v

hnhmlw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°m≥ Btem-N-\-bp-≠m-b-Xv. GXp hnt[-

\bpw AXp XS-b-W-sa∂v sF kn ]n ZrV-\n-›bw sNbvXp. AXn-

\mbn \ºq-Xncn bph-P-\-kw-L-Øns‚ klmbw tXSn. Aß-s\-

bmWv hn Sn -Xn-cn-∏m-Sn\v ktlm-Z-cnsb sF kn ]n hnhmlw sNbvXp-

sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. A°m-eØv \ºq-Xncn kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ IpSpw-_-Øn¬

c≠m-asØ aI-\mb hn SnbpsS kzPm-Xn-bn¬\n-∂p≈ hnhmlw

kap-Zm-b-Øn-ep-≠m-°nb FXn¿∏v h√m-Ø-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. CXn-s‚

t]cn¬ sF kn ]nbpw hn Snbp-sa√mw Hcp-]mSv ]bm-k-ßƒ t\cn-tS-

≠n-h-∂n- p-≠v. CXn-\p-]n-∂m-se-bmWv hn[-h-bmb ktlm-Zcn Dasb

Fw.B¿.-_n.°v hnhmlw Ign-®p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ sF kn ]n ap≥ssI-

sø--Sp-Ø-Xv. hn[-hm-hn-hmlw I¿i-\-ambpw \njn-≤-am-bn-cp∂ \ºq-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Xncn kap-Zm-b-Øn¬, A∂m-Zy-am-bn- m-bn-cp∂p Aß-s\-sbm∂v \S-

°p-∂-Xv. CXv A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬Øs∂ kap-Zm-b-]-am-Wn-amsc \Sp-

°n. bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I-Xz-Øns‚ A]-am-Zn-Xz-Øn\v A]-cn-lm-cy-amb

BLm-X-amWv Cu kw`hw G¬]n-®-Xv. kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw AXn-\p-

t\-XrXzw sImSp-Ø-h-sc√mw ISpØ ]Xym-Lm-X-ßƒ t\cn-tS-≠n-

h-∂p. C Fw Fkn-\p-t]mepw Cu hnhm-l-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Ø-Xns‚

t]cn¬ kap-Zm-b-`jvSv Iev]n-®p. ]t£, hn-jy-Øp-I-sfm∂pw sF

kn ]nsb-t∏m-ep≈ ]ptcm-K-a-\-hm-Zn-I-fpsS \n›-b-Zm¿VysØ

A¬]w-t]mepw Xf¿Øn-bn-√. sF kn ]n bpsS as‰mcp ktlm-Z-cn-

bmb ]nb-Z-Øsb hnhmlw sNbvXv Cugh kap-Zm-b-°m-c\pw

]apJ Iayq-Wn-Ãv, tSUv bqWn-b≥ t\Xm-hp-amb I√m´v IrjvW-

\m-bn-cp-∂p.

tbmK-t£-ak`-bpsS kPo-h-]-h¿Ø-I-\mbn At±lw kap-Zm-

b-]-cn-jvI-cW ktµ-i-hp-ambn tIcfw apgp-h≥ bmX sNbvXn- p-≠v.

kwLm-S-I-s\∂ \ne-bn-ep≈ At±-l-Øns‚ Ign-hp-Iƒ ]I-S-am-

Ip-∂Xv Cu kµ¿ -Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. \ºq-Xncn kvXoI-fpsS ssZ\y

Pohn-XsØ lrZ-b-kv]¿in-bmbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw AI-Ø-f-ß-

fn¬t∏mepw am‰-Øns‚ A\p-c-W-\-ßƒ krjvSn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX

""ASp-°-f-bn¬\n∂v Ac-ß-tØ°v'' F∂ aq¿®-tb-dnb ]l-k-\-

Øns‚ BZysØ Ah-X-cWw Xriq-cnse FSp-°p-∂n-bn¬ \S-∂-

t∏mƒ AXns‚ kwLm-S-I-cn¬ ]ap-J-\mbn sF kn ]nbp-ap-≠m-bn-

cp-∂p. hn Sn FgpXn kwhn-[m\w sNbvX Cu \mSIw sF kn ]nbpsS

hnhm-l-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®v At±-l-Øns‚ C√Øpw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-

I-bp-≠m-bn. hn Sn bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \ºq-Xncn kap-Zm-b-Ønse

bphm-°-fp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ \ho\ hnZym- ym-k-Øns‚ ktµiw ]N-cn-∏n-

°m\pw AXn-\p-th≠ [\-k-am-l-c-W-Øn-\p-ambn \S∂ "bmN-\-

bmX' bpsSbpw apJy-kw-Lm-S-I≥ sF ]n knbm-bn-cp-∂p. 1913-em-bn-

cp∂p CXv. Cßs\ C Fw Fkv, hn Sn, Fw B¿ _n F∂o alm-c-

Y∑m-cpsS ka-Im-en-I\pw ka-io¿j-\p-ambn kmap-Zm-bnI ]cn-jvI-c-

W-Øns‚ ]mX-bn-eqsS k©-cn®v B¿÷n® ]Iz-amb cm„ob [mc-

W-Iƒ At±-lsØ kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw tZiob ]ÿm-\-Øn-te-s°-

Øn-®p.

191Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


tZiob ]ÿm-\-Øn-eqsS Iayq-WnÃv ]m¿ń-bn-te°v

hcpw hcm-bvI-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ ktµ-l-ß-fn-√msX kzmX-¥y-k-

a-c-Øns‚ A·n-ho-Yn-I-fn-te-°n-d-ßnb sF kn ]n h≈p-h-\m- nse

tIm¨K-kns‚ kPoh ]h¿Ø-I-\mbn. sshIm-sX-Xs∂ tIm¨K-

knse tkmjy-enÃv Nn¥m-KXn-°m-cpsS Iq´-Øn-te°pw At±lw

FØn-t®¿∂p. alm-cm-„-bnse ss^kv]q-cn¬ 1937- ¬ \S∂ tIm -

-Kkv ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ At±lw ]s¶-Sp-Øncp∂p. C Fw Fkn\pw

IrjvW-]n-≈-°p-sam∏w ktΩ-f\ ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ tkmjy-

enÃv Bi-b-ßƒ ]N-cn-∏n°m≥ sF kn ]nbpw ap≥\n∂v ]h¿Øn-

®p. XpS¿∂v Iayq-WnÃv ]m¿ń AwK-am-bn. 1939se ]kn-≤-amb

]nW-dmbn ]md-∏pdw ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ At±-lhpw ]s¶-Sp-Øp. H‰-

∏m-eØv BZy-ambn ]m¿ń LSIw cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v t\XrXzw

sImSp-ØXpw sF kn ]nbm-bn-cp-∂p. h≈p-h-\mSv Xmeq-°nse Iayq-

WnÃv ]m¿ń skI- -dn, s]m∂m-\n, ]me-°m-Sv, Gd-\mSv Xmeq-°p-I-

fnse ]m¿ń Npa-X-e-°m-c≥ F∂o DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ßfpw At±lw

\n¿h-ln-®p. 56¬ ]me-°m-´p-sh®v \S∂ Iayq-WnÃv ]m¿ńbpsS

\memw tIm¨K-kns‚ apJy-kw-Lm-S-I-cn-sem-cm-fmbpw sF kn ]n

]h¿Øn-®p.

C Fw Fkp-am-bp≈ kº¿°-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv k. ]n. IrjvW-]n-

≈sb sF kn ]n ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. kJm-hmWv sF kn ]nbnse

kwLm-S-Is‚ Ign-hp-Iƒ Is≠-Øp-∂Xpw hnhn[ Npa-X-e-Iƒ

G¬]n-°p-∂-Xpw. Hfn-hn-en-cn-°p∂ t\Xm-°ƒ°v sj¬ -dp-Iƒ Hcp-

°p-I, Hfn-hp-Ime ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-I, Bi-b-]-N-cWw

\S-ØpI F∂o Npa-X-e-I-fmWv At±-l-Øn\v ][m-\-am-bpw -\¬In-

bncp-∂Xv. ]n.IrjvW-]n-≈, C Fw Fkv, sI kn tPm¿÷v, F hn

Ip™-ºp, H sP tPmk v XpSßn FXtbm t\Xm-°sf AXn-km-

l-kn-I-ambn s]meo-kn-s‚bpw H‰p-Im-cp-sSbpw IÆn¬s∏-SmsX kpc-

£n-X- Xm-h-f-ß-fn¬ At±lw FØn-®n-´p-≠v. CXn-\n-S-bn¬ ]e-X-

hW Ad-Ãn-emb At±lw oI-c-a¿±-\-Øn\pw Pbn¬hm-k-Øn\pw

hnt[-b-\m-bn. _nójv t]meo-kns‚ th -bm-S¬ i‡-am-b-t∏mƒ ]e-

t∏mgpw kzbw Hfn-hn¬ t]mtI-≠nbpw h∂p. Hfn-hp-Po-hn-X-Øn-\n-S-

bnepw ]m¿ń ktµ-i-ßfpw kmln-Xy-hp-ambn cl-ky-ambn tIcfw


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

apgp-h≥ k©-cn-®p.

1940- ¬ sF kn ]n Hfn-hn-en-cn-t°-bmWv tImb-º-Øq-cn¬ ]m¿ń

tIµw ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xns‚ apJy-Np-a-Xe kJmhv ]n IrjvW-]n≈

At±-lsØ G¬∏n-°p-∂-Xv. c≠p-h¿jw B Npa-Xe At±lw

\n¿h-ln-®p. h[-in-£bv°p hn[n-°-s∏´ Iøq¿ kJm-°sf ImWm≥

Iayq-WnÃv ]m¿ń P\-d¬ skI-´-dn-bm-bn-cp∂ k. ]n kn tPmjn

Pbn¬ kµ¿in-®-t∏mƒ IrjvW-]n-≈-s°m∏w sF kn ]nbpw At±-

lsØ A\p-K-an-®n-cp-∂p. Cßs\ Hfn-hnepw sXfn-hn-ep-ambn Iayq-

WnÃv ]m¿ń-bpsS kwLm-S-I≥, Bi-b-]-Nm-c-I≥ F∂o \ne-I-fn-

se√mw sF kn ]n \S-Øn-bn- p≈ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ XymK-\n¿ -c-am-

Wv. 1964¬ Iayq-WnÃv]m¿ń ]nf¿∂-t∏mƒ BZyw kn ]n sFs°m∏w

\n∂ At±lw ]n∂oSv acn-°p-thmfw kn ]n sF FΩns‚ A`yp-Z-b-

Imw-£n-bmbn XpS¿∂p.

]X-]-h¿Ø-\-cw-KØv

sF kn ]n Xs‚ s]mXp-]-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ BZy-Imew apX¬

hym]-cn-®n-cp∂ taJ-e-bm-bn-cp∂p ]X-]-h¿Ø-\w. Hc¿∞Øn¬

At±-l-Øn\v ]X-]-h¿Ø\w s]mXp ]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ apJy

D]m[n Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tbmK-t£a k -bpsS ap-J-]-X-amb "DÆn

\ºq-Xncn' bnte°v dnt∏m¿´p-Ifpw teJ-\-ßfpw Xøm-dm-°n-s°m-

≠mWv sF.kn.]n Xs‚ ]X-]-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ Imc-W-h-ÿm-\o-

b-cn¬ ]ap-J-\mbn amdn-b-Xv. "]`mXw' ]X-Øns‚ ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-

am-bn-cp-∂p ][m-\-amb as‰m∂v. tIm¨K-knse tkmjy-enÃv Nn¥m-

K-Xn-°m-cpsS Bi-b-]-N-c-W-Øn\v Hcp ]Xw thW-sa∂ Bh-iy-

Øn¬\n-∂m-bn-cp∂p ]`m-X-Øns‚ XpS-°w.

C Fw Fkv \¬Inb ]W-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v ]kpw a‰p k÷o-I-c-

W-ßfpw kwLSn-∏n-°m≥ ITn-\m-[zm\w sNbvXXpw HSp-hn¬ B

kz]v\w bmYm¿∞y-am-°n-bXpw sF kn ]nbm-bn-cp-∂p. 1935 P\p-

hcn Hº-Xn\v tjm¿Wq-cn¬\n∂v ]`mXw ]kn≤o-I-cn-®p- Xp-S-ßn-b-

t∏mƒ AXns‚ ]n‚dpw ]ªn-jdpw At±lw Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. C

Fw Fkpw a‰p-am-bn-cp∂p AXn-te-°m-h-iy-amb apJ-°p-dn∏pw teJ-

\-ß-fp-sa√mw Xøm-dm-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, Nne Ah-k-c-ß-fn¬

sF kn ]nbpw apJ-]-kw-K-sa-gp-Xn-bn-cp-∂p. "]n® Inń-b-Xp-an-√, ]ń

193Fw.-_n. cmtPjv


ISn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp' F∂ t]cn¬ At±-l-sa-gp-Xnb ]i-kvX-amb

apJ-]-kwKw _nójv c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Isf Hs´m-∂p-a√ ]tIm-]n-∏n-

®-Xv. XpS¿∂v sNm∆c ]c-ta-iz-cs‚ "Bfl-\mZw' F∂ IhnX IqSn

"]`mX' Øn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®-tXmsS _nójv k¿°m¿ ]ng Npa-

Øn. ]ng-sbm-Sp-°m-\m-ImsX h∂-t∏mƒ ]X-Øns‚ ]kn-≤o-I-cWw

apS-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

tZim-`n-am-\n-bp-ambpw sF kn ]n°v kpZo¿L-amb Bfl-_-‘-

am-Wp-≈-Xv. Zn\-]-X-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-apºv tZim-`n-am\n hmcn-I-bm-bn,

1942¬ tImgn-t°m- p-\n∂v ]kn-≤o-I-cn®p XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ apJy ]m¿ń-

Np-a-Xe sF kn ]n°m-bn-cp-∂p. '46¬ Zn\-]-X-ambn ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-

am-cw-`n-®-t∏mgpw ][m-\-Np-a-X-e-°m-c≥ sF kn ]n Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. B lrZ-b-_‘w acWwhsc At±lw ImØp-kq-£n-®p. CS-

°m-eØv tZim- n-am\n \ntcm-[n-®-t∏mƒ Iayq-WnÃv ]m¿ń Xriq-cn¬\n-

∂m-cw-`n® dn∏-ªnIv F∂ ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚ Np-a-X-ebpw sF

kn ]n°m-bn-cp-∂p. ]m¿ń \ntcm-[n-°-s∏´ Zp¿L-S-k-‘n-I-fn¬ ]Xn-

_-‘-ßsf AXn-Po-hn-®p-sIm≠v ]m¿ń kmln-Xy-]-Nm-cWw \S-Øp-

∂-Xn¬ sF kn ]n AXn-bmb sshZKv≤yw ]Z¿in-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. Iayq-

WnÃv ]X-]-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ ssii-hm-h-ÿ-bn¬\n∂v B[p-\nI

Ime-tØ-°p≈ AXn-th-K-Øn-ep≈ hf¿®sb Pohn-Xm-¥yw-hsc

At±lw Hu’pIytØmsS ho£n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Ccp-fnse hgn-hn-f°v

Xs‚ kz¥w Kma-amb Nf-h-d-bnse ]©m-bØv ]kn-U‚mbn

Zo¿L-Imew ]h¿Øn® At±lw F∂pw P\-ßƒs°m-∏-am-bn-cp-

∂p. ]kn-U‚m-bn-cp∂ thf-bn¬, C∂v hym]I-ambn AwKo-I-cn-°-

s∏´ P\-Iob Iq´m-bva-I-fn-eq-sS-bp≈ hnI-k-\-sa∂ Imgv-N-∏m-Sns‚

BZy-]m-T-ßƒ Nf-h-d-bn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \S-∏n-em-

°n. sF kn ]nbpsS Im¥-Z¿in-Xz-Øns‚ DØ-tam-Zm-l-c-W-ambn

AXns\ IW-°m-°mw.

91-˛mw hb- n¬ Xs‚ kpZo¿L-amb Pohn-X-bm-X-bnse kº-

∂hpw ka-c-\n¿ -c-hp-amb A\p- -h-I-Y-I-fpsS "Hm¿a-Ip-dn-∏p-Iƒ' IqSn

]pXp-X-e-ap-d-Iƒ°mbn ]d™p Xo¿Øp-sIm≠v Hcp \ntbmKw

]q¿Øn-bm-°nb Nmcn-Xm¿∞y-hp-am-bmWv sF kn ]n hnS ]d-™-


Fw.-_n. cmtPjv

Xv. sF kn ]nbpsS acWw Ncn-X-h¿Ø-am-\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ Hcp

h√mØ iq\yX krjvSn-°p-∂p-≠v. ]t£, B iq\y-X-bpsS Ccpƒh-

gn-I-fn¬ sF kn ]nbpsS Xs∂ PohnXw ]Im-i-ambn \nd-bp-∂p-

≠v.

Nn¥- hm-cnI,

2001 Pq¨

$

fw.- n. cmtpjv

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