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中国成与 资调研报告 2013年6月定稿 Rena Lau 全球化监察 亚洲基本工资联盟

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  • !

    !

    20136

    Rena Lau

    !

  • !: 2009 !(Race to Bottom)() ! ! !!! !!. !2000WTO !1949-1979 1970194938 179,0001

    745,000 !

    !1

    Larry D. Qiu, China TexFle and Clothing Industry, HKUST, 2005, hPp://s3.amazonaws.com/1

    zanran_storage/www.bm.ust.hk/ContentPages/18112599.pdf

    http://s3.amazonaws.com/zanran_storage/www.bm.ust.hk/ContentPages/18112599.pdf

  • (1950-1955) 2

    197824.31 3!19792000 19791979198213.2() !!2000 200020011111(WTO)20041221 30 (Multi-Fibre Arrangement) 2005 3197 4

    10 (T ) 2005 2008 8 12.5 5

    7.5% 2005 2008 6!2008200952009 5 11%

    !2

    , , , 1995, 2

    http://cpc.people.com.cn/GB/64184/64186/66660/4493007.html

    200812, , 200911, http://3

    monitor.textiles.org.tw/result/9712.doc

    , 20102, http://4

    www.globalmon.org.hk/sites/default/files/attachment/postmfa-report_finalcn19022010.pdf

    45

    46

    http://cpc.people.com.cn/GB/64184/64186/66660/4493007.html

  • 78% 7!20122,578.1 3%108

    20112,512.520.1%61% 1,532.4 9!!. !

    !3

    ()

    (A+B) (A) (B) (C+D) (C ) (D)

    1978 *24.31 17.23 7.08 1.89 1.88 0.02

    1980 41.65 25.4 16.25 11.47 11 0.47

    1985 61.3 36.8 24.5 20.54 20.4 0.14

    1990 168.88 72.19 96.69 53.4 52.92 0.48

    1995 379.67 139.18 240.49 118.83 109.14 9.69

    2000 522.06 161.35 360.71 140.24 128.32 11.92

    2005 1,152.13 410.50 741.63 171.32 155.03 16.29

    2006 1,440.71 486.83 953.88 180.82 163.58 17.24

    2007 1,712.06 559.68 1,152.38 186.21 166.45 19.76

    2008 1,896.24 698.34 119.90 186.46 163.71 22.75

    2009 1,670.24 599.73 1070.51 Nil 149.70 Nil

    2010 2,120.01 825.23 1294.78 202.20 178.05 25.15

    2011 2,512.50 980.10 1532.40 230.40 190.30 40.10

    2012 2,549.80 958.00 1591.80 244.60 199.40 45.20

    2013 411.70 150.67 260.98 35.70 28.14 7.53(12)

    : (, ) 47

    , 2012, http://ttf.textiles.org.tw/ 8

    8.9

    http://ttf.textiles.org.tw/Textile/TTFroot/2012%25E5%25B9%25B41~12%25E6%259C%2588%25E7%25B4%25A1%25E7%25B9%2594%25E5%2593%2581%25E9%2580%25B2%25E5%2587%25BA%25E5%258F%25A3%25E8%25B2%25BF%25E6%2598%2593-%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E5%259C%258B%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E9%2599%25B8.pdf

  • . !40%50%10% OEM 10

    1050200517.5% 11!

    (2012) NO.20.6914 12 !!. !20043970% : 13

    14!

    !!

    . 20121-12

    (%)

    1 267.28

    2 53.72 20.10

    3 39.50 14.78

    4 7.34 13.67

    5 5.33 13.49

    6 161.38 37.96

    :

    !4

    , , 2012103http://10

    info.wenweipo.com/index.php?action-viewnews-itemid-51608

    , 11

    , http://training.ttri.org.tw/dailynews/newsview.php?newsnum=7661

    1420111212http://12

    www.hkcd.com.hk/content/2011-12/12/content_2862993.htm

    2003/2004 13

    , 200614

    http://www.hkcd.com.hk/content/2011-12/12/content_2862993.htmhttp://training.ttri.org.tw/dailynews/newsview.php?newsnum=7661

  • . !65%20112011 !20124.520114.295%2012149.992011 !!!

    !!

    :

    2011 2012 2011 2012

    %

    %

    '

    /

    %

    '

    /

    %

    31731

    -12% 31411 -1% 4.29 34% 4.5 5%

    :

    20910

    -1% 20939 0% 3.42 20% 3.72 9%

    10122

    -4% 9746 -4% 5.93 21% 5.95 0.30%

    17 -23% 15 -12% 115.49 32% 146.99 27%

    682 -84% 710 4% 3.98 697% 4.9 5%

    :

    !5

  • . !

    !!2015

    2005

    1 5 1 9

    1.2072010

    1.053

    2015

    9,490 15

    1524

    20101.06

    20159200 (

    ) 16

    17!1/5 809018

    !4040

    18-2525

    !6

    , 2012-7-16, http://15

    www.hrac.org.cn/CN/viewnews/20120716/2012716113148.htm

    201228http://www.mpfinance.com/16

    htm/finance/20120208/Columnist/edx_edx.htm

    2012-07-16 http://17

    www.chinareviewnews.com/doc/1021/6/8/8/102168820_2.html?coluid=7&kindid=0&docid=102168820&mdate=0716113549

    201334http://18

    news.hexun.com.tw/2013-03-04/151676090.html

    http://news.hexun.com.tw/2013-03-04/151676090.htmlhttp://www.mpfinance.com/htm/finance/20120208/Columnist/edx_edx.htm

  • !2011 ! !

    : 19

    !!. !20121-122492510.1%1117.23.7%2012104.8%82% 20!2012Capital Business Credit4 (Uniqlo)21

    70% (Nike)200140%22

    13%200536%

    2010 2011 2012201

    3

    Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1

    ()

    62.3

    68.5

    72.3

    80.4

    88.1

    43.0

    66.78

    69.6

    71.8

    52.2

    71.9

    72.4

    90.8

    ()

    3.85

    4.02

    4.14.2

    44.1

    44.3

    83.7

    NA

    3.17

    3.29

    3.29

    3.35

    3.15

    :

    hPp://big5.ce.cn/gate/big5/www.ce.cn/cysc/ztpd/zszl/index.shtml

    !7

    http://big5.ce.cn/gate/big5/www.ce.cn/cysc/ztpd/19

    zszl/index.shtml

    2012 , CTA , 17/01/2013 20

    http://www.adsalecta.com/Publicity/Mobile/MarketNews/lang-trad/article-67002231/Article.aspx

    40% of luxury brands to shift manufacturing away from China( 421

    ), Want China Times, 2012-10-11, http://www.wantchinatimes.com/news-subclass-cnt.aspx?cid=1202&id=20121011000085

    , , , 2013.05.02 http://udn.com/NEWS/22

    MAINLAND/MAI3/7869572.shtml#ixzz2SfRwOqU7Power%20By%20udn.com

    http://big5.ce.cn/gate/big5/www.ce.cn/cysc/ztpd/zszl/index.shtmlhttp://big5.ce.cn/gate/big5/www.ce.cn/cysc/ztpd/zszl/index.shtmlhttp://www.adsalecta.com/Publicity/Mobile/MarketNews/lang-trad/article-67002231/Article.aspx

  • 26%200936%201037%34% Coach23

    adidas201210 !LV(Vuitton), H&M Zara 30Zara 10% !(adidas), (Nike) Nike, 05OEM(Shenzhou International Group Holdings Limited)OEMUniqlo, Itochu, Itokin Ito-Yokado, Nike, Adidas, Puma, Fila and Mizuno !!!. !: 30

    30

    !

    ! 3 24

    T

    .

    !8

    201261 23

    2012-06-01 hPp://finance.sina.com.hk/news/-29-4916763/1.html

    Winz, 2013-05-02 http://big5.ycwb.com/money/24

    2013-05/02/content_4435174.htm

    http://finance.sina.com.hk/news/-29-4916763/1.htmlhttp://big5.ycwb.com/money/2013-05/02/content_4435174.htm

  • !A. !200312302004312013(830)790 !15501010540 !!B. ! !

    !100%1980-201132(CPI) 4199819992002, 200943020012011CPI 33%2003 !

    :

    %2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

    545 580 640 730 800 800 960 1160 1260 1400 156.88%

    635 690 750 840 960 960 1120 1280 1450 1620 155.12%

    400 400 580 580 680 680 680 870 1050 1050 162.50%

    610 690 810 850 1000 1000 1100 1320 1500 1600 162.30%

    510 684 780 780 860 860 1030 1300 1300 1550 203.92%

    450 470 650 750 750 750 900 1100 1200 1200 166.67%

    620 670 750 850 960 960 1100 1310 1310 1470 137.10%

    620 690 750 750 850 850 960 1140 1320 1320 112.90%

    410 530 590 610 760 760 920 1100 1240 1380 236.59%

    !9

  • 2 !2012(2011201513%40% 25!C. !201320131500459532% 26 27

    201316006% 13% ()28

    20003000 50008000250029

    11302.2 !!D. ()() !E. !

    !10

    50% 23%

    77%

    2011-2015, http://big5.china.com.cn/policy/txt/2012-02/08/25

    content_24584303.htm

    26

    30%35%40%

    2013-02-26http://27

    www.chinadevelopmentbrief.org.cn/ngo_talkview.php?id=3989

    28

    29

    http://big5.china.com.cn/policy/txt/2012-02/08/content_24584303.htm

  • 36 ! 30

    80, 90 !F. !FIDH 20112010180000 31

    32

    !(): 33

    20125 34! !

    !11

    ILO, Decent work agenda , ILO PromoFon on Decent Work on October 7 every year 30

    hPp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/decent-work-agenda/lang--en/index.htm

    FIDH, http://www.fidh.org/31

    article13273-13273

    22.32

    Rena lau, , http://33

    globalmon.pixelactionstudio.com/content/new-publication-restructuring-honda-auto-parts-union-guongdong-china-2-year-assessment-2010

    , , 2013-03-01 http://www.chengbiancun.com/34

    2013/0301/28418.html

  • !G. !1994 3535

    20082012920.8973761.8 36!20 37!2012163160 !H. ! !Walmart 33 38

    !:

    !12

    : http://big5.gov.cn/gate/big5/www.gov.cn/zwgk/2005-08/15/35

    content_22926.htm

    , , http://big5.xinhuanet.com/36

    gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/fortune/2013-05/01/c_115600931.htm

    3737

    38

    :

  • ! !

    60%652000 39!10523 ! !7IS09000 !

    2008 1 24 71

    20092422

    201212 4 14 !201212194 !!

    !13

    14: 2012121304:29 http://39

    news.sina.com.cn/c/sd/2012-12-13/042925798810.shtml

    http://news.sina.com.cn/c/sd/2012-12-13/042925798810.shtml

  • !2013485(4) 4016 23 4016 311() E35 !: ! ! 40!! !300040001500400050007000800070008000() !

    !14

    40

  • () !

    !! !()2000 41!: ! !812167102 !:

    () 1500-3000 4000-5000 7000-8000

    ,

    !15

    , 14 20121208, 41

    http://www.chinanews.com/fz/2012/12-08/4393216.shtml

    http://www.chinanews.com/fz/2012/12-08/4393216.shtml

  • !:

    ! !2000()(124) ! !D () !!!!!!!!!

    : 812 (4) : 16 (5) (): 710 (3)

    !16

  • !!() !!!!!!

    !!!!!! () !!!!!!

    !!!!! () !!!!!!

    !17

  • ! () !: 1. 2. 3.

    4. ! !A() !! ! 1.

    2. 3. 4. !! !7A

    !18

  • ()D7912 !1416 !A205D ! !1. 2. 7 3. 4. ! !:

    !2332.8A3628005000D36280040004000 !!

    A B C D

    1500 2000 1500-4000 1500-4000

    11000 4000-5000 8000 7000

    5000-8000 2000-3000 8000 6500

    !19

  • H&M ! Hop Lun Fashion Fty (Dongguan) ! !70 4243! !H&M ()6ix8ight ()1993 2002Hoplun International Fashion Co., Ltd.) !2000-300030 ! !201348 : 1. A 2. B A 3. C 4. D 5. E 6. F 7. G 8. H 9. I !

    !20

    , 3, []1082 ,(2008811) 43

    http://www.businessweekly.com.tw/KWebArticle.aspx?id=34075

  • ! !

    75.5362600 ! !511131011.29/15/0.87.53/ 11.29/44

    15.05/0.52600 !150/()110 503045

    15 !AB3000400026002600 !260013102: !

    ()

    7451145 4

    115-515 4

    () 545-745 2

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    8

    !21

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    =21.758

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  • !200: 46!C2600150C30004000 ! ! ! 15 !C: I ! !802332.8 !

    : 1310 : 11.29x 21.75x 2=491.12 : 15.05() x 4x 8= 481.6 : 75.5 x 0.8=60.4 : 50 : 2396.32(203.68)

    !22

    2012310: http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/46

    392985278.html

    http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/392985278.html

  • !2600 ! !

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    1 1;336

    287236

    2

    3

    1515

    4

    5

    6

    7

    !23

  • : ! ! !1980 47

    : Falcon Babywears Manufacturing Ltd1980 :

    1. Walmart (USA) 28%

    2. John Lowis ( UK) 22%

    3. Tesco ( UK) 12%

    4. Sainsbury ( UK)

    5. Coles (Aus)

    6. Debenhams (UK)

    7. Disney

    :

    !!!

    // 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5

    30005000+

    !24

    200211647

    319

  • ! !:

    201336600238

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    April 5 & April 28, 2013

    2013454283(12) ! 950 5.453000360-370() !

    !26

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    http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6cc630bd0101aeap.html

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    !27

  • !362800 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

    ! !28

  • 2014 !

    %

    201411

    2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

    545 580 640 730 800 800 960 1160 1260 1400 156.88% 1560 635 690 750 840 960 960 1120 1280 1450 1620 155.12% 1820 400 400 580 580 680 680 680 870 1050 1050 162.50% 1250-1150 610 690 810 850 1000 1000 1100 1320 1500 1600 162.30% 1808 510 684 780 780 860 860 1030 1300 1300 1550 203.92% 1550-1110 450 470 650 750 750 750 900 1100 1200 1200 166.67% 1320-950 620 670 750 850 960 960 1100 1310 1310 1470 137.10% 1650-1220 620 690 750 750 850 850 960 1140 1320 1320 112.90% 1320-1100 410 530 590 610 760 760 920 1100 1240 1380 236.59% 1500-1200