Thorsten Brümmer

Gas quality and interoperability

Hannover, 23/04/2013

Gasunie – a european company

NEL

15.100 km Gas grid- 3.200 in Germany Transported volume 125 Mrd m³/a (D: 24 Mrd m³/a) Connects the european pipeline systems of D, NL,

N, B, DK, GB, RU 1.800 Employees, 250 in Germany

2

Power to Gas activities First participation of Gasunie Deutschland at „DENA

Strategieplattform 2012/13 Power-to-Gas“ and participation at Workshop „Roadmap“ of “DENA Strategieplattform 2012/13” for the political establishment of P2G

Gasunie Deutschland is member in DVGW power to gas activities “Koordinierungsausschuss Cluster „Power to Gas”” for technical questions and guideline setting

Presence at various other P2G-Events (EDGaR, DBI) First planning experiences in a P2G Project (grid

connection, metering and compressor station)"

The influence of H2 on important gas parameters

• For burning value and the wobbe number high amounts of hydrogen are uncritical in the most cases

• The lower density line already gets passed at an amount of 3 Vol.-% H2 assuming russian H-Gas

• For the methane number concentrations under 10 % are uncritical

Source: E.ON Ruhrgas AG, 2011

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ansp

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itung

(1)

Gas

turb

ine

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Tran

spor

t- un

d S

peic

herv

erdi

chte

r (3)

Kav

erne

(4)

Por

en (5

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Kug

el /

Tank

s (6

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Kom

plet

tieru

ngst

echn

ik /

OT-

Anl

agen

(7)

Ultr

asch

allg

aszä

hler

(8)

Turb

inen

radg

aszä

hler

(9)

Bal

geng

aszä

hler

(10)

Men

genu

mw

erte

r (11

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Pro

zess

gasc

hrom

atog

raph

(12)

Dru

ckre

gelg

erät

e (1

3)

Odo

riera

nlag

e (Im

pfdü

se) (

14)

Sta

hl (V

erte

ilung

slei

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en) (

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PV

C, P

E, I

nlin

er (V

erte

ilung

slei

tung

en) (

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Dic

htun

gen

(17)

Ste

ck-,

Sch

raub

- und

Pre

ssve

rbin

dung

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Gas

strö

mun

gsw

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er (1

9)

Arm

atur

en (2

0)

Hau

sins

talla

tion

(Ver

rohr

ung)

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Fahr

zeug

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otor

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Fahr

zeug

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NG

1-Ta

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(23)

Atm

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asbr

enne

r (24

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Geb

läse

bren

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Bre

nnw

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l (26

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Bre

nnst

offz

elle

(27)

Stil

ingm

otor

(28)

Gas

herd

(29)

BH

KW

(30)

Zumischung Wasserstoff unbedenklich Anpassungs- und Regelbedarf Forschungs- und Untersuchungsbedarf

Was

sers

toff

im E

rdga

s [V

ol.

-%]

Gasspeicher M&R AnwendungTransport Verteilung

1

2

Limit nach sensiblen KomponentenDichteelemente, Flammenrückschlagen, Garantien / Gewährleistungen

H2-Anteil > 0,2 Vol.-%: PGC's mit eichfähiger H2-Bestimmung notwendig12

2

1

Limit nach Regelwerk / Normen / HerstellervorgabenBerücksichtigung der MethanzahlMax. 2 Vol.-% H2 (DIN 51624)

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DVGW-Folgeprojekt / F&E-Projekt zurweiteren UntersuchungLösung für höhere H2-Zumsichung vorhanden

A: LK 1 Gasversorgung L: LK 2 Gasanwendung B: G-TK-1-1 Gastransportleitung F: G-TK-1-5 Gasmessung/ -abrechnung J: G-AG-1-9 Untertagegasspeicherung M: G-TK-2-1 Gasförmige Brennstoffe Q: G-TK-2-5 Erdgastankstellen und -fahrzeuge C: G-TK-1-2 Verdichteranlagen G: G-TK-1-6 Gasarmaturen K: G-TK-1-10 Aussenkorrosion N: G-TK-2-2 häusliche, gewerbliche und industrielle Gasanwendung R: G-TK-2-7 DVGW / DVFG - Flüssiggas D: G-TK-1-3 Gasverteilung H: G-TK-1-7 Werkstoffe und Schweißtechnik - O: G-TK-2-3 Gasinstallation S: G-PK-0-0-1 Biogas E: G-TK-1-4 Anlagentechnik I: G-TK-1-8 Dispatching - P: G-TK-2-4 Bauteile und Hilfsstoffe -

B, G, H,I, K C

LKJ E, H,

KE, K

A L D, E,G, P

E, G,S, M

D, G, H,I, K, P

D, E, P D, E, G,M, O, P

E, P, Q N, O, P, R

Source: DVGW, 2013

Pipelines (Steel)- Concentrations of 50 % H2 have no effects on crack growth- PIM is recommended for concentrations over 10 Vol.-% H2- Further research with more materials is needed

Pipelines (plastic material)- The permeation of H2 is related to safety aspects uncritical- H2 has no influence on the durability of the distribution network

Gas-turbines- Right now manufacturers recommend just 1 – 3 Vol.-%- Laboratory tests were successful with concentrations to 9 Vol.-%

Compressors- Because of the lower heating value (6 % less if 10 % H2 is

blended), higher compressor power is needed if the same amount of energy should be delivered

Cavern storages- in the past gas with 55 Vol.-% H2 was stored - no problems

occurred- further research is needed for special materials,

components and cement- the H2 tolerance of every cavern should be examined

separately

Pore storages- experience shows problems regarding to the generation of

H2S and corrosion in humid ambiance- further research is needed for the whole storage process- in the past the storage of H2 in pore storages was

practiced

Gas metering equipment- diaphragm and turbine-wheel meters are uncritical till

concentrations of 30 Vol.-% H2- ultrasonic meters need to be adjusted- Long time stress tests have to be done and measuring

inaccuracy has to be monitored

Quantity transformers- Concentrations up to 10 Vol.-% are uncritical- Corrections are needed subsequent for higher

concentrations than 10 Vol.-%

Gas-phase chromatograph - at higher concentrations than 0,2 Vol.-% H2 technical

modification is needed - new separation column or different carrier gas (Argon,

not Helium)

Pressure regulating and metering station- these stations are designed for high concentrations of H2- experiences in handling of pressure regulating and

metering stations with coke oven gas (up to 67 Vol.-% H2)

Odorization- In the past odorization was used for gases with high H2

concentration- New odorants need to be analyzed

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Seals and connections- no problems with H2 known - tests for single parts are recommended

House installations and valves- designed for gases with high amount of hydrogen (G260)- up to 50 Vol.-% H2 seems to be possible

Gas flow detectors- applicable for different H2 concentrations- practical research needed for closing volume flow, secured

length and leakage

Gas engines- up to 8 Vol.-% H2 possible without adjustment- even better efficiency and reduction of emissions- With adjustments up to 20 % are possible (compliance with

methane number)- Stirling motors: malfunctions over 23 Vol.-% H2

Tanks- Critical value is 2 Vol.-% H2 (DIN 51624)- Influence of H2 on tanks is still under research

House appliances- Studies showed stable burning up to 20 Vol.-%, up to 40

Vol. -% at some new gas burners- Huge reduction of emissions like CO, CO2 and NOX- There can be old appliances that get problems with

concentrations over 10 Vol.-% - Therefore further tests with more types under real

conditions are currently running

Industry - Fluctuating gas quality can be a problem – further research

has to be done- For sensible appliances it can be necessary to build gas-

phase chromatograph or oxygen measuring probes- Even the removal of hydrogen can be necessary

Fuel cells- Problems with fluctuating gas quality but not with high

concentrations of H2- Further research needed

Combined heat and power stations- efficient operation with very low heating value or blended

air possible (compliance with methane number)- just small influence on flames and NOX emissions up to

concentrations of 15 Vol.-%- no problems in new stations up to 20 Vol.-%

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-14- Source: DVGW, 2013

Conclusion In general, the gas infrastructure should stand H2-

concentrations of 10 Vol.-% Research relating to critical parts like storages, gas

turbines, gas tanks and the industry is under progress– Result could be, that critical parts of the in infrastructure

are not applicable for H2 - their modification can be expensive

The different gas qualities have to be checked with the international trading partners

Regulatory conditions and market models have to be created

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Thank you

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