gates hueso etnicidad
TRANSCRIPT
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Faunal Remains as Markers of Ethnicity:A Case Study from the St. Lawrence Estuary, Quebec, Canada
By: Christian Gates St-Pierre
This paper and accompanying slides are licensed with a Creative Commons: Attribution-
Noncommercial license. Attribution: Christian Gates St. Pierre
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Faunal Remains as Markers of Ethnicity:
A Case Study from the St. Lawrence Estuary,
Quebec, Canada
Christian Gates St-PierreUniversit de Montral
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The St. LawrenceEstuary
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Main species of marine mammals exploited in the
St. Lawrence Esturary during the
Late Woodland Period (AD 1000-1500)
WHITE WHALE/BELUGA(Delphinapterus leucas)Mean weight: 1100 kg
HARBOUR SEAL(Phoca vitulina)
Mean weight: 65 kg
HARP SEAL(Phoca groenlandica)
Mean weight: 135 kg
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Archaeologist William J. Wintemberg
looking at St. Lawrence Iroquoian pottery in 1932
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Historical distribution
(approximate) of theSt. Lawrence
Iroquoians, the
Montagnais
and the Maliseet
STUDY AREA
Montagnais/
Innus
St. Lawrence
Iroquoians
Maliseet
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Location of the archaeological sites investigated
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Excavations at thePointe--Crapaud
and Falaise sites
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Iroquoian ceramics of the middle phase of the
Late Woodland period (1200-1350 AD)
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Iroquoian ceramics of the late phase of the
Late Woodland period (1350-1550 AD)
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Grinding tools
Arrow head in
green chert from the
Quebec City area
Ceramic pipes
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Bone preservation
Bones buried in dry sand Bones in small shell middens
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Bone identification:
some reliable cranial elements
for the identification of seal species
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Results: Sea mammals vs. terrestrial mammals
Algonquian89.721.056.812.53 454Ste-Marguerite II
Algonquian204.334.248.413.012 906Ste-Marguerite I
Algonquian131.61.040.157.48 579Falaise Ouest
Iroquoian170.13.17.189.74 980Escoumins
Iroquoian160.17.12.290.619 153Pointe--CrapaudIroquoian40.10.35.194.54 663Ouellet
Iroquoian60.02.23.694.211 746Cap-de-Bon-Dsir III
Iroquoian80.00.72.297.110 718Cap-de-Bon-Dsir II
Iroquoian50.00.20.499.415 451Cap-de-Bon-Dsir I
Ethno-culturalidentity
Numberof species
% Fishes% Birds% Landmammals
% Marinemammals
SamplesizeSite
NISP
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Results: Harp seal vs. Harbour seal
Algonquian100.00.0Ste-Marguerite II
Algonquian100.00.0Ste-Marguerite I
Algonquian100.00.0Falaise Ouest
Iroquoian0.0100.0Escoumins
Iroquoian1.698.4Pointe--Crapaud
Iroquoian0.0100.0Ouellet
Iroquoian9.190.9Cap-de-Bon-Dsir III
Iroquoian5.994.1Cap-de-Bon-Dsir II
Iroquoian0.0100.0Cap-de-Bon-Dsir I
Ethno-cultural identity% Harbour seal% Harp sealSite
NISP
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Results: Seasonality and Mobility
Periods of the year when seals are present in the St. Lawrence Estuary
Harbour seal
Harp sealDec.Nov.Oct.Sept.Aug.JulyJuneMayAprilMarchFeb.Jan.
Settlement patterns
InteriorCoasts of the estuaryAlgonquians
(Montagnais/Innus):
Coasts of the eastuaryQuebec City AreaSt. Lawrence Iroquoians:
Winter/SpringSummer/Fall