8/16/2019 G&G5e_TB_CH03

1/9

Chapter 3—Thermodynamics of Biological Systems

MULTIPLE CHICE

1. Thermodynamics does NOT:

a. describe the flow and interchange of heat, energy, and matter.b. allow the determination of whether a reaction is spontaneous.c. provide information on the rate of a reaction.d. consider heat flow and entropy production.

e. consider the effect of concentration on net free energy change of a reaction.

ANS: !TS: 1

". #iving systems are:a. closed systems e$changing only energy with the surroundings.b. isolated systems that are totally contained.

c. open systems e$changing only energy with the surroundings.d. open systems e$changing both energy and matter with their surroundings.e. none of the above.

ANS: % !TS: 1

&. 'hich statement pertaining to the three basic systems is true(

a. The internal energy of an isolated system is mostly conserved.b. Open systems can e$change matter with other open systems.c. Open systems can e$change matter with a closed system.d. The internal energy of an open system is always constant.

e. A closed system can accept heat from an isolated system.

ANS: ) !TS: 1

*. +nternal energy is all -!T:a. includes all the energy that might be e$changed in physical or chemical processes.

b. path dependent.c. referred to as a state functiond. commonly designated or .e. none, all are true.

ANS: ) !TS: 1

/. nthalpy change, ∆0, is:

a. the sum of heat absorbed and wor.b. not a thermodynamic state function.c. a measure of disorder in a system.d. determined by pressure change at a constant temperature.

e. e2ual to the heat transferred at constant pressure and volume.

ANS: !TS: 1

Garrett/Grisham 5e Test Bank 1

8/16/2019 G&G5e_TB_CH03

2/9

3. alorimetry measures 4444 by a biochemical process.a. heat absorbed or given off, ∆0,b. pressure change inside calorimeter createdc. water pressure created

d. entropy change, ∆S,e. volume change, ∆5, created

ANS: A !TS: 1

6. An e$ample of an open system would be:a. a chemical reaction taing place in a closed beaer.

b. a steam radiator.c. an insulated bomb reactor.d. a pot of boiling water.e. contents of a calorimeter.

ANS: % !TS: 1

7. 'hich of the following statements is true for the Second #aw of Thermodynamics(a. Systems tend to proceed from disordered states to ordered states.b. The entropy of the system plus its surroundings is unchanged by reversible processes

c. The entropy of the system plus its surroundings decreases for irreversible processes.d. Naturally occurring processes never proceed toward e2uilibrium.e. All of the above are true

ANS: ) !TS: 1

8. ntropy change, ∆S, isa. the sum of heat absorbed and wor.

b. not a thermodynamic state function.c. a measure of disorder in a system.d. determined by pressure change at a constant temperature.e. e2ual to the heat transferred at constant pressure and volume.

ANS: !TS: 1

19. 'hich e$ample has the greatest increase in entropy, ∆S(a. freeing waterb. sublimation of O"c. melting ice

d. shattering glasse. boiling gasoline

ANS: ) !TS: 1

11. ntropy, S, is e$actly ero at:

a. "/°b. 9°c. "/°;

d. 9°;e. &7°

ANS: % !TS: 1

Garrett/Grisham 5e Test Bank 2

8/16/2019 G&G5e_TB_CH03

3/9

1". 'hich e2uation defines a system at e2uilibrium(a.   ∆< = 9b.   ∆ ∆<c.   ∆< > 9

d.   ∆ 9e.   ∆< > ?T ln @productsBCreactantsBD

ANS: !TS: 1

1&.

8/16/2019 G&G5e_TB_CH03

4/9

16. Thermodynamic parameters @entropy, enthalpy, free energy, and internal energyD are given for anunnown enyme. $plain which results would be e$pected for the breaing of hydrogen bonds and

the e$posure of hydrophobic groups from the interior during the unfolding process of a protein.a. ntropy change, ∆S, is ero

b. nthalpy change, ∆0, is positivec. The reaction is spontaneousd. nthalpy change, ∆0, is negativee. ntropy change, ∆S, is positive

ANS: !TS: 1

17. Hor an endothermic reaction to be spontaneous, which of the following must be true(a. heat must be given off by the reactionb. energy must be added to the reactionc. the temperature must be very low

d. the entropy must increase substantiallye. none of the above are true

ANS: % !TS: 1

18. All describe modified standard state for a thermodynamic parameter -!T:

a. designated with a prime @ ′  D symbol.b. 0E ion of 19I6 J.c. 19I3 J for solutions.d. 1 atm. for gases.e. 'hen the solvent is water at p0 > 6.

ANS: !TS: 1

"9. To predict whether pairs of coupled reactions will proceed spontaneously:a. Subtract the smaller from the larger ∆

8/16/2019 G&G5e_TB_CH03

5/9

"". 5irtually all life on earth depends on energy #T+JAT#K from:a. the power company.

b. batteries.c. the greenIhouse effect.

d. the sun.e. activation energy.

ANS: % !TS: 1

"&. L0ighIenergyL compounds e$hibit large negative free energy of hydrolysis and include all -!T:a. phosphate esters.

b. enol phosphates.c. acyl phosphates.

d. guanidino phosphates.e. thioesters.

ANS: A !TS: 1

"*. 4444 and 4444 are a small family of universal biomolecules mediating the flow of energy frome$ergonic reactions to the energy re2uiring processes of life.

a. ?educed coenymes, caffeineb. 0ighIenergy phosphate compounds, caffeinec. hlorophyll, caffeined. 0emoglobin, chlorophyll

e. ?educed coenymes, highIenergy phosphate compounds

ANS: !TS: 1

"/. The metabolite with a lower ∆

8/16/2019 G&G5e_TB_CH03

6/9

Garrett/Grisham 5e Test Bank 6

8/16/2019 G&G5e_TB_CH03

7/9

"7. )iochemists define the group transfer potential as the 4444 that occurs upon hydrolysis @i.e., transferof the particular group to waterD.

a.   ∆<b.   ∆0

c.   ∆Sd.   ∆pe.   ∆

ANS: A !TS: 1

"8. AT! hydrolysis coupled reactions have e2uilibrium constants that are changed by a factor of:

a. 19b. 199

c. 19*

d. 193

e. 197

ANS: !TS: 1

&9. The chemical reasons for the large negative ∆

8/16/2019 G&G5e_TB_CH03

8/9

&&. A widely used Lconsensus valueL for ∆

8/16/2019 G&G5e_TB_CH03

9/9

&8. The reduction of pyruvate to lactate has an o′ of I9.17/ 5 while the reduction of acetaldehyde to

ethanol has an o′ of I9.186 5. +f these two reactions are coupled to produce a spontaneous reaction,which of the following would be the reducing agent(a. pyruvate d. ethanol

b. lactate e. cannot be determined from the giveninformation

c. acetaldehyde

ANS: % !TS: 1

Garrett/Grisham 5e Test Bank 9