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Power Diagnostix Systems GmbH Vaalser Strasse 250 D-52074 Aachen Phone +49 241 74927 Fax +49 241 79521 www.pdix.com

PD Power Diagnostix

GISmonitor

On-line Partial Discharge Monitoring on

GIS Systems

User Manual

Rev. e1.31


2/23

GISmonitor PD Monitoring on Gas Insulated Switchgear


Contents

I General .............................................................................................................................................................. 1

I.1

About this Manual ................................................................................................................................. 1

I.2

Instrument Safety ................................................................................................................................. 1

II

Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 2

II.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 2

II.2 Signal Flow ........................................................................................................................................... 4

III Hardware ........................................................................................................................................................... 6

III.1

Partial Discharge Monitoring Acquisition Rack (PDMAR) ................................................................... 6

III.2

Disturbance Combiner Unit (DCU2) .................................................................................................... 8

III.2.1 Sync Switching Box (SSB1) .................................................................................................... 8

III.2.2 Cabinet Surveillance Unit (CSU1) .......................................................................................... 9

III.2.3 Switch ...................................................................................................................................... 9

III.2.4 Monitoring Unit (GISmonitor) ................................................................................................ 10

III.3

Partial Discharge Monitoring Control Rack (PDMCR) ....................................................................... 11

III.3.1 Industrial PC (IPC) ................................................................................................................ 12

III.3.2

Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) .................................................................................... 12

IV Maintenance ................................................................................................................................................... 13

IV.1

Hardware Maintenance ...................................................................................................................... 13

IV.1.1

PDM Control Rack ................................................................................................................ 13

IV.1.2 PDM Acquisition Racks ........................................................................................................ 13

IV.2 Software Maintenance ....................................................................................................................... 13

V Drawings ......................................................................................................................................................... 14

V.1

Partial Discharge Monitoring Acquisition Rack .................................................................................. 14

V.2

Partial Discharge Monitoring Acquisition Rack IP65 ......................................................................... 15

V.3 Partial Discharge Monitoring Acquisition Rack IP65 Sun Protection ................................................ 16

V.4 Partial Discharge Monitoring Control Rack ........................................................................................ 17

VI Certicates ..................................................................................................................................................... 18

VII

Index ................................................................................................................................................................ 21


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I General

I.1 About this Manual

This manual describes the hardware and usage of the GISmonitor Partial Discharge Monitoring System(PDMS). Software updates are available through Power Diagnostix's web site (www.pdix.com). The accessto the download area of that web site is password protected and requires a valid software maintenancecontract. Contact Power Diagnostix for details.

I.2 Instrument Safety

Before using the GISmonitor, read the following safety information and this manual carefully. Especially readand obey the information, which are marked with the words 'Warning' and 'Caution'. The word 'Warning' isreserved for conditions and actions that pose hazards to the user, while the word 'Caution' is reserved forconditions and actions that may damage the instrument, or its accessories, or that may lead to malfunction.

Warning:

Always provide solid grounding of the cabinets. Never operate the instrument withoutprotective grounding.

Avoid working alone.

Do not allow the instrument to be used if it is damage, or its safety is impaired.

Do not use the instrument in explosion endangered environment.

!


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II Introduction

II.1 Overview

The main task of the Partial Discharge Monitoring System (PDMS), type GISmonitor, of Power Diagnostix isto detect internal partial discharge in the GIS caused by hopping particles, !oating potentials, cracks ininsulators or spacers, or other degradation in the insulation system at an early stage.

Due to the dielectric properties of the SF6 gas, partial discharge activity in gas insulated switchgear covers abandwidth of well beyond 2 GHz. The mechanical properties of the components of gas insulated switchgearfurther allow transmission of such signals over a distance of a couple of meters. Thus, the partial dischargemonitoring of GIS equipment is done preferably in the UHF range. The Frequency Converter Unit (FCU2)picks up the UHF signal from the embedded UHF sensor. The FCU2 is a signal conditioning unit with ademodulating logarithmic transfer function. The frequency range of the input signal covers 100 MHz up to1.8 GHz. The output of the FCU2 is the envelope of the UHF signal down-converted into the HF range. TheFCU2 is mainly used with monitoring applications and for gating purposes. The logarithmic Y-axis somewhatcomplicates the calibration for standard measurements. It further takes some time to become familiar withthe interpretation of partial discharge pattern with logarithmic Y-axis. The FCU2 is remote powered by a DCphantom voltage provided by the monitoring instrument (GISmonitor). A malfunction of the FCU2 will bedetected automatically by the monitoring unit and will be indicated on the front panel of the software. Thefollowing drawing shows a system overview:

This overview shows an example of a full PD monitoring system. The number of sensors to be monitoreddepends on the type of GIS and the individual speci"cation of the customer. The signal of each sensor islimited by a special input protection unit IPU2 and converted into lower frequencies by a FrequencyConverter Unit FCU2. All signal cables from all sensors and antennas are brought together into severalPartial Discharge Monitoring Acquisition Racks (PDMAR). These cabinets are interconnected via a "ber opticLAN ring, providing n+1 communication redundancy. A Partial Discharge Monitoring Control Rack (PDMCR)receives all the measured data and processes it. With this system architecture a nearly in"nite number ofsensors can be continuously monitored and observed. A special software reads the measured data of allstand-alone monitoring instruments (GISmonitor), each scanning up to eight sensors.

In combination with the monitoring software installed on the Industrial PC, the trending data of peak values(Qp) and normalized quantities (averaged) values (NQS) of years can be archived. Additionally, data like


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PD patterns, system health information, or alarm events can be stored and evaluated. If connected to thelocal Intranet of the substation or to the utility it allows remote diagnosis and control of the full PD monitoringsystem. Different functional levels can be set for administrative, operational, or evaluation purpose. Theoptional IEC interface provides IEC 61850 compliant sensor data, alarms, and health information.


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FigureII.1:Signalflow

II.2 Signal Flow

The signal flow of a PDMS is shown in the following chart.


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The UHF signal is picked up from the sensor via an N-connector. The Input Protection Unit (IPU2) protectsthe measurement system from high voltages generated by switching operations, transients, or overvoltage.

The signal is then transformed by a Frequency Converter Unit (FCU2) into a lower frequency range for easy

submission over longer distances.

The transformed signal is transmitted by use of 50 Ohm coaxial cable (RG58 for indoor use, RG142 foroutdoor use) and digitized by the GISmonitor plug-in board, which offers the acquisition of up to eightsensors in parallel. A clamp-on ferrite core at each side of every cable protects the electronic circuits againsttransients traveling along the shielding of the cable.

To provide noise suppression, the plug-in board uses a gate input. This input is connected to a DisturbanceCombiner Unit (DCU2), which mixes up to four disturbance signals. These signals are transmitted by at leastone Disturbance Antenna (DA2), which receives disturbances created by cell phones, corona effects orsimilar. Additionally anAny Object Running Signal,provided to the first PDMAR, is used to suppress noisescaused by events such as switching operations.

An external synchronization signal is used to guarantee a phase-stable pattern at any time. To do so, theSync Switching Box (SSB1), selects one of up to four valid signals and transmits them to the GIS monitor

plug-in board. In case of no synchronization, the system uses a line-sync as a fallback. The phase shiftbetween the line signal and the "rst phase can be set up in the software.

Figure II.3: FCU2

Figure II.4: Disturbance Combiner Unit (DCU2)

Figure II.2: IPU2B


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III Hardware

III.1 Partial Discharge Monitoring Acquisition Rack (PDMAR)

Three versions of the data acquisition rack are available: Two for indoor use, one for outdoor operation. Theindoor versions differ in the number of sensors which can be captured with one rack. One version allows theconnection of up to 56 sensors with seven monitoring instruments, the other version covers up to120 sensors with up to 15 monitoring instruments in one rack. The version with 56 sensors can be extendedto 120 sensors at any time in the future.

The data acquisition rack accommodates the GISmonitor 19" rack, the GISmonitor plug-in boards, theDisturbance Combiner Unit (DCU2), and the Sync Switching Box (SSB1) inside the first cabinet of a system.It comes with a standard 19" metal supporter, uninterruptible power supply, network switch, overvoltageprotection, Cabinet Surveillance Unit (CSU1), and temperature controlled fans. The CSU1 providesinformation about temperature, heating, cooling, the fiber optic ring status, fuse status, and overvoltageprotection. All cables from external are feed through the bottom into the rack.

Figure III.1: PDMAR cabinet for up to 120 sensors (left) and for up to 56 sensors (right)


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The outdoor version of the data acquisition rack is of ingress protection class IP65 and allows the monitoringof up to 40 sensors. The cabinet is equipped with uninterruptible power supply (UPS), network switch,overvoltage protection, a heating and cooling Peltier element, and the monitoring instruments. The cabinetcan be mounted on walls or girders. In areas of high temperatures and insolation, the PDMAR IP65 can be

equipped with a sun protection.

All outdoor racks are equipped with a Cabinet Surveillance Unit (CSU1), which collects data liketemperature, cooling/heating status, UPS status, fuse status, and overvoltage protection status. Theinformation is brought together in the software, giving an overview of the system and warnings in case ofaction is needed.

Figure III.2: PDMAR IP65 cabinets with (right) and without (left) sun protection for up to 40 sensors


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III.2 Disturbance Combiner Unit (DCU2)

The DCU2 combines all signals from the antennas and distributes them to the acquisition unit. The unit isintegrated in the GISmonitor rack.

III.2.1 Sync Switching Box (SSB1)

The SSB1 insures a valid synchronization signal with the same phase to all sensors. The SSB1 is located inone PDMAR cabinet and distributes the sync signal to the other racks. The input signals are isolated to thesystem by use of the SPU1. This unit protects the PDMS against any kind of overvoltage on sync lines. TheSYNC input is designed for voltage in the range of 10 to 230 Vrms.

Figure III.3: Disturbance Combiner Unit (DCU2)

Figure III.4: Sync Switch Box (SSB1)


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III.2.2 Cabinet Surveillance Unit (CSU1)

The CSU1 monitors the PDMAR's fuses, fans, cooler, and lightning protection. Additionally, the unit controlsthe operating temperature and the proper operation of the network ring and the power supplies of the

outdoor cabinet. In case of an error or a problem the GISmonitorsoftware will display an alert.

III.2.3 Switch

The IPC located in the control room is linked with the GISmonitor cabinets via a "ber optical LAN ring.

This top-hat rail switch is located in every cabinet and allows the recognition of a ring-break. The switchlocated in the PDMAR cabinet is interconnected via standard LAN cables to each GISmonitor unit with eacheight input channels.

Figure III.6. Switch in every cabinet

Figure III.5: III.2.2 Cabinet Surveillance Unit (CSU1)


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III.2.4 Monitoring Unit (GISmonitor)

The GISmonitor is an instrument to continuously monitor partial discharge activity of high voltage gasinsulated switchgear (GIS). Each GIS monitoring interface card is equipped with a LAN connection. The

system can be adapted to utilize all commonly used types of couplers and sensors.

One GISmonitor interface card can handle up to eight measurement points and has a GATE and SYNCinput.

Figure III.7: GISmonitorbuilt into a 19" rack


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III.3 Partial Discharge Monitoring Control Rack (PDMCR)

The control rack accommodates the Windows based Industrial PC (IPC), a touchscreen, and a printer. Itcomes with a standard 19" metal supporter, uninterruptible power supply, network switch, and temperature

controlled fans. The built-in printer can be used to print out single measurements, screenshots, or reports.The IPC is mounted on rails to ease maintenance. The cabinet provides four different alarm contacts on thehat-rail, which can be used with up to 110 VDC.

Figure III.8: PDMCR cabinet


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III.3.1 Industrial PC (IPC)

The IPC comes with a RAID-1 hard disc controller to prevent unwanted losses of data. The HDD capacityallows storage of trending and PD patterns up to several years.

The software can be used via touchscreen or by use of keyboard and touchpad located in the drawer abovethe IPC.

III.3.2 Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)

The Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) provides emergency power to the prime components of each rack.This assures instantaneous protection from input power interruptions and thereby prevents unwanted lossesof data.

Figure III.9: IPC located in the PDMCR


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IV Maintenance

Malfunctions of parts of the system or individual instruments will be detected automatically and indicated bythe software. Interrupts with the communication or missing data will cause an entry in the event list. This list

is available with the software and should be checked by the operator from time to time. Firmware or softwareupdates can be requested from Power Diagnostix.

The following actions are recommended.

IV.1 Hardware Maintenance

IV.1.1 PDM Control Rack

Check UPS battery regularly and change every two years.

o Warning! Please refer to the manual of the UPS for further safety instructions!

Check operation of all fans and coolers regularly.

Check overvoltage protection regularly.

IV.1.2 PDM Acquisition Racks

Check UPS battery regularly and change every two years.

o Warning! Please refer to the manual of the UPS for further safety instructions!

Check operation of all fans and coolers regularly.

IV.2 Software Maintenance

Windows 7 updates are recommended to prevent unwanted failures of the operating system.

Update antivirus programs regularly.

Check Raid state regularly.

Updates of the GISmonitorsoftware should be patched if necessary.


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V Drawings

V.1 Partial Discharge Monitoring Acquisition Rack


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V.2 Partial Discharge Monitoring Acquisition Rack IP65


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V.3 Partial Discharge Monitoring Acquisition Rack IP65 Sun Protection


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V.4 Partial Discharge Monitoring Control Rack


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VI Certi"cates


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VII Index

A

Antivirus ............................................................. 13

C

Cabinet surveillance unit .................................. 6, 7Caution ..................................................................1Certificates ......................................................... 18Clamp-on ferrite core ............................................5Coaxial cable ........................................................5CSU1 ............................................................... 6, 7

D

DA2 .......................................................................5Data acquisition rack ....................................... 6, 7DCU2 ........................................................... 5, 6, 8Disturbance antenna .............................................5Disturbance combiner unit ........................... 5, 6, 8

F

FCU2 ................................................................ 2, 5Fiber optic LAN ring ..............................................2Firmware update ................................................ 13Frequency Converter Unit ................................ 2, 5

G

GISmonitor..................................................... 5, 10

H

Hardware maintenance ...................................... 13Harrail switch ........................................................9HF .........................................................................2

I

IEC 61850 .............................................................3IEC interface .........................................................3Industrial PC ............................................ 2, 11, 12Input protection unit ......................................... 2, 5

IPC ............................................................... 11, 12IPU2 ................................................................. 2, 5

L

Line-sync ...............................................................5

M

Maintenance ....................................................... 13

N

NQS ..................................................................... 2

O

Overvoltage protection ....................................... 13

P

Partial Discharge Monitoring Acquisition Rack 2, 6,14, 15, 16

Partial Discharge Monitoring Control Rack ... 2, 11,

17

Q

Qp ........................................................................ 2

R

RAID-1 ............................................................... 12RG142 .................................................................. 5RG58 .................................................................... 5

S

Safety ................................................................... 1Signal flow ............................................................ 4Software maintenance ....................................... 13Software update ................................................. 13SSB1 ............................................................ 5, 6, 8Switch ................................................................... 9Sync input ............................................................ 8Sync switch box ........................................... 5, 6, 8System overview .................................................. 2

T

Temperature controlled fan ............................ 6, 11

U

UHF ...................................................................... 2UPS battery ........................................................ 13

W

Warning ................................................................ 1

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