Glory, God and Gold• Motivations for

exploration. Believed in the power of man, had strong religious fervor (esp. Spain) and knew there was $$ to be had from treasure, and in the long run from successful trade

The Colonial Class System

The Colonial Class System

Peninsulares Creoles

Mestizos

Mulattos

Native Indians Black Slaves

The “Columbian Exchange”

The “Columbian Exchange” Squash Avocado Peppers Sweet

Potatoes

Turkey Pumpkin Tobacco Quinine

Cocoa Pineapple

Cassava POTATO

Peanut TOMATO Vanilla MAIZE

Syphilis

Olive COFFEE BEAN Banana Rice

Onion Turnip Honeybee Barley

Grape Peach SUGAR CANE

Oats

Citrus Fruits Pear Wheat HORSE

Cattle Sheep Pigs Smallpox

Flu Typhus Measles Malaria

Diptheria Whooping Cough

Trinkets

Liquor

GUNS

Cycle of Conquest & Colonization

Cycle of Conquest & Colonization

Explorers Conquistadores

Mission

arie

s

PermanentSettlers

OfficialEuropeanColony!

Slavery

• African slavery Introduced to European colonies by the Portuguese in Brazil.

• Had never really been a part of European society- colonial slavery was unique in scope and scale. 60% of pop. Of Brazil slave, 90% of population of Caribbean.

Witch Hunting

• Had always existed. 1550-1648 the last great “burst” 100,000 arrest, 60,000 executed (mostly women)

• Linked to heresy- a result of economic problems (scapegoating)

• Almost as if they are getting it out of their system as they move towards scientific revolution

• Women considered “weaker” then men, more prone to temptation- they represented 80% of victims. Generally unmarried (esp. unmarried and in middle age- independent women automatically suspicious.) Midwives most common target.