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Agenda

I. Introduction: What is WiMAX?

II. Functionality, Security & Implementation

III. Comparison: WiMAX vs 802.11 Wi-FiIV. Convergence: HIPERMAN & WiBro

V. Competing Technologies: EVDO, HSDPA

VI. Future: WiMAX predictions, implicationsVII. Conclusion: Summary and Questions

VIII. Referenceshttp://www.ericgoldman.name


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Introduction: What is WiMAX?

WiMAX is the street term for IEEE 802.16

Developed for Wireless MANs

Higher Speed wireless links Allows nodes to have a wide range of mobility

Designed for deployment by ISPs and

corporations, not home users* Similar in concept to cellular networks, but for

more generic forms of data

http://www.ericgoldman.name


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How does WiMAX work?

WiMAX system typically consists of:

WiMAX Tower: High powered base station, with

large range and connection to Internet (ISP)

WiMAX Receiver: One or more end-user roaming

nodes or another WiMAX tower

Two Modes of Communication:

NLOS: Similar to Wi-Fi, built in or external radiodevice which connects a host to WiMAX Tower

LOS: Higher speed backhaul connection used

between WiMAX towers to extend networkhttp://www.ericgoldman.name


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Example: WiMAX Network

image from: http://computer.howstuffworks.com/wimax1.htm



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Security:

Advantages & Concerns

X.509 certificate for customer Authentication

Currently OptionalSecurity: AES Cipher &Extensible Authentication Protocol

Susceptible to same reliability issues as allwireless networks: jamming, physical take-down, promiscuous capture

Unencrypted management data networkmapping and man-in-the-middle attacks

Old management frames DoS replay attack

Implemented by ISP proprietary additionshttp://www.ericgoldman.name


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Implementation:

Capacity & Performance

4-6 Mile Coverage Radius for NLOS

30 Mile connection for LOS links

70 Megabit data rate; comparable to cableand DSL when divided among 100+ homes

Hypothetically as reliable as cell networks

Redundant backhaul links provide stability LOS links operate in unlicensed spectrum:

interference from other technologies



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Implementation:

Industry Support

Sprint: Testing WiMAX as the new, 4G

replacement for current cellular networks

Intel: Add WiMAX to architecturedevelopment, internal laptop development

Motorola & Nokia: 3G/WiMAX compatible cell

phone development, other devices

Industry is cautious, yet supportive

* Government also has a stake: High speed,attack-tolerant networking



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Comparison:

WiMAX and Wi-Fi

WiMAX (802.16) Wi-Fi (802.11g)

Range 4-5 Miles (30 Miles) 100 Feet

Speed 70 Mbps 54/108 Mbps

Frequency 2-11 GHz (10-66 Ghz) 2-11 Ghz

Wiring Tower to Tower Required at Base

To the end user, similar experience as Wi-Fi, butwith much greater mobility and expectation of

connectivity throughout a given area.



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Convergence:

HIPERMAN & WiBro

HIPERMAN: European Standard

Envisioned for end user deployment

No higher spectrum component WiBro: Korean Standard

Strong QoS emphasis

More strict requirements

All of these technologies are being converged

for planned interoperability



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Competing Technologies:

EVDO & HSDPA

EVDO: Evolution-Data Optimized

Offered by Sprint & Verizon (CDMA)

Already supported, lower implementation costs HSDPA: High-Speed Downlink Packet Access

Offered by AT&T (GSM)

Increasing data-rate, already surpassing WiMAX

Current 3G Cellular network technologies offer

high-speed data transfer over current

infrastructure, increasing customer basehttp://www.ericgoldman.name


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Future:

Predictions

WiMAX implementation may be too late;

other technologies exist, and may be

outdated when widely available Data over Cellular networks

More Comprehensive technologies; 802.20

Consumers seem anxious for technology

Residential customers would prefer it over or in

combination with Cable or DSL

Strong industry support from multiple partners



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Future:

Implications

Reduce TCO

Simpler deployment and management

No wiring costs, can reach remote or rural areas

24/7 Connectivity: With a laptop and WiMAX

connection, user can have great mobility and

access to data



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Conclusion:

Summary

WiMAX offers higher speeds, greater

mobility, and large coverage area

Replace or supplement cellular networks Open standard, many industry partners

Converging Standards globally

Competing technologies already deployed Potential to be truly disruptive technology



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Conclusion:

Questions

The floor is now opened to questions



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References

Airvana. WiMAX to CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Comparison. 2005. Airvana. 27 Apr. 2007.

Ekuland, Carl, et al. IEEE Standard 802.16: A Technical Overview of the WirelessMAN Air Interface for Broadband Wireless Access. IEEECommunications Magazine June 2002: 98-107. Rpt. in IEEE Communications Society Archives. IEEE Communication Society. 4 June2002. IEEE. 27 Apr. 2007 .

Grabianowski, Edward, and Marshall Brian. How WiMAX Works. HowStuffWorks 2 Dec. 2004. 27 Apr. 2007.

High-Speed Downlink Packet Access. Wikipedia. 27 Apr. 2007. W ikimedia Foundation, Inc. 27 Apr. 2007.

Hoymann, Christian, Markus Puttner, and Ingo Forkel. The HIPERMAN Standard a Performance Analysis. 27 Apr. 2007 .

Sprint Nextel Announces 4G Wireless Broadband Initiative with Intel, Motorola and Samsung. 8 Aug. 2006. 27 Apr. 2007.

Viscusi, Stefania. Study Finds End-Users Prefer WiMAX. TMCnet 16 Apr. 2007. 27 Apr. 2007.

WiMAX. Wikipedia. 26 Apr. 2007. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 27 Apr. 2007 .

Wright, Oshua. WiMAX security issues. Network World 11 Dec. 2006. 27 Apr. 2007 .


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