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or5c joro -rSeSocaccrE m)cojCo)ccDlgg orc"lcrjlp-tcco.rto'rceni?

o)cogHo(o)lcm oauo8.sr3m5 cnioe,coilo8 rorcn rcrilelacrSaoJ m)ocmrZc(0)

mioe,colo8 orc"rcnlo edrndoc€ola.

1) 1000 c 2)0oc 3) -213 a C

(r)(e)

(r)

ooo8oilod

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mica,crd s ruoaoo : 5 [r1cn1$

at36niQ : 1 (olloorloJoM)goGm)o I olloo)m:l0)s6md

(zo) rrnonuS uo14 clcnrra, crilcoroscng;os oroslmmcmoo']o8 o.;coe oacsloro'l53ggomj6o36CO6Tto a'O5IEOrOl6.

(u) rorqvooset;agflroE ol6sBlm o;ear:o8 oL:cdor6 oetn_ri oacene;gp e,tco)lggo"oo8oag;a,cd tlo1ao;cm2. (z)

(b) pcoloo aJslccu oet acoro;cmtccr3 ".ieLr6aej a;eo1o8 oo<orgm-lcoto;eneco;cm2. (z)

(.) LPG crilog mrleileneo;ooi torocolet;os 9o35il cnlao2cmcoi cngrog. (z)mica,cd a rruocoro : 5 O1rflj

to36nil0 | 1 (clllo6'lcllfiul])

Gro(a()o : clr ot o coil or o eon rE

(zz) c".ro;ors1 c":dao;a.

(u) "rcc,,amj

cnlccrao

(b) cruccor'lo8 cnlcorao

(a) oracroccgcrc rrrlccuoo

(d) ffDoeco)cga olccolal cruaoJcoJo

micacri a

(l)

(r)

(p)

(e)

G)

(s)

Va n

P,\ =P,V,Tt Tz

v, =v,Tt T2

P,V, = PrV,

(r)

(1)

flDol(()o : 5 0lml5

1

bqWn‰v : 2 cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw tamƒ k¶¬∏-\hpwBibw : cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-th-K-X-bn¬ D¬t]-c-I-ß-fpsS kzm[o\w

(1) Hcp Ipń ]co-£-W-im-e-bn¬ \S-Ønb ]co-£-WsØ Bkv]-Z-am°n hc® NnX-amWv ChnsS \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

(a) C©-£≥ kndn-©n¬ tiJ-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv GXv ]Zm¿Y-amWv. (1)(b) ]h¿Ø\w ]q¿Æ-ambn \ne-®p-I-gn-™m¬ ^vfmkvIn¬ Ah-ti-jn-°m≥

km[y-X-bp≈ ]Zm¿Y-ßƒ GsX-√m-am-bn-cn-°pw? (1)(c) am≥K-\okv Utbm-IvsskUv tN¿°m-sX-bmWv Cu ]co-£Ww \S-Øn-bn-cp-

∂-sX-¶n¬ Hcp \n›n-X-k-a-b-Øn-\p≈n¬ tiJ-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ]Zm¿∞-Øns‚Afhv IqSp-X-em-bn-cn-°ptam Ipd-hm-bn-cn-°ptam? F¥p-sIm≠v? (2)

kvtIm¿ : 4 kabw : 4 an\n´v

bqWn‰v : 2 cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw tamƒ k¶¬∏-\hpwBibw : cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-th-K-X-sb Xm]-\ne kzm[o-\n-°p∂p

(2) c≠v sSÃvSyq_p-I-fn¬ 5ml hoXw Xpey-Km-V-X-bp≈ tkmUnbw Xtbm-kƒt^‰vemb\n FSp-Øp. H∂m-asØ sSÃvSyq_v NqSm°n c≠nepw 2ml hoXw Dil HCl Hgn®p.

(a) Cu ]co-£Ww \S-Ønb Ipńbv°v \nco-£n-°m≥ Ign-™Xv F¥m-bn-cn°pw? (1)

(b) CXn¬ \n∂pw cmk-]-h¿Ø\ thK-X-sb-°p-dn®v cq]o-I-cn-°mhp∂ \nK-a\w F¥mWv? (1)

(c) sImfo-j≥ kn≤m-¥-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Cu \nK-a\w hni-Z-am-°pI?(2)


bqWn‰v : 2 cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw tamƒ k¶¬∏-\hpwBibw : cmk-]-h¿Ø-\sØ kw_-‘n-°p∂ sImfo-j≥ kn≤m¥w

(3) ""sImfo-j≥ kn≤m-¥-a-\p-k-cn®v cmk-]-h¿Ø\w \S-°-W-sa-¶n¬ A`n-Im-cI IWn-I-Iƒ ]c-kv]cw Iqń-ap-t´-≠-Xp≠v. F∂m¬ F√m sImfo-j-\p-Ifpw cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-Øn-te°v \bn-°-s∏-SØ°hn[-Øn¬ ê-]-Z-a√''.

(a) ê-]-Z-amb sImfo-j≥ sIm≠v A¿Y-am-°p-∂Xv F¥mWv? (1)(b) hmX-I-ßƒ A`n-Im-c-I-ß-fm-bp-≈-t∏mƒ ê-]-Z-amb sImfo-j≥ \S-°p-

∂-Xn\v A\p-Iq-e-amb aq∂v kml-N-cy-ßƒ Fgp-XpI? (3)

ck-X¥w bqWn‰v ˛ 2Ãmt‚¿Uv X cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw

tamƒ k¶¬∏-\hpwtNmZytiJcw

am≥K-\okv Utbm-IvsskUv 1gsslU-P≥ s]tdm-IvsskU v 20 mL

2

(c) Jc-]-Zm¿Y-ß-fmb A`n-Im-c-I-ßƒ Ds≠-¶n¬ cmk-]-h¿Ø\ thKXFßs\ h¿[n-∏n-°mw. F¥p-sIm≠v? (2)

kvtIm¿ : 6 kabw : 4 an\n´vv

bqWn‰v : 2 cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw tamƒ k¶¬∏-\hpwBibw : tamƒ k¶¬∏\w

(4) A, B, C F∂n-h-bpsS aqeyw IW-°m-°p-I. (kq-N\ At‰m-an-I-amkv C - 12, O - 16)

(3)



(5) ss\S-P\pw sslU-P\pw XΩn¬ kwtbm-Pn-∏n®v Atam-Wnb \n¿an-°p∂ ]h¿Ø-\sØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂ cmk-k-a-hmIyw NphsS tN¿Øn-cn-°p-∂p.

(kqN\ : At‰m-anI amkv N = 14, H = 1)

N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3

(a) Cu ]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ A`n-Im-c-I-ß-fp-tSbpw Dev]-∂-Øn-s‚bpw tamƒFÆ-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ A\p-]mXw F¥mWv? (1)

(b) 10 tamƒ ss\S-P≥ FSp-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ FX-tamƒ NH3 e`n°pw? (1)(c) CXbpw NH3 e`y-am-°p-∂-Xn\v FX tamƒ H2Bhiy-amWv? (1)

kvtIm¿ : 3 kabw : 3 an\n´vv


(6) Hcp tamƒ tkmUn-b-Øns‚ amkv 23g BWv. F¶n¬

(a) 46g tkmUn-b-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ B‰-ß-fpsS FÆw IW°m°pI?(2)

(b) 0.5 tamƒ tkmUnbw B‰-Øns‚ amkv FX-bm-bn-cn°pw? (1)kvtIm¿ : 3 kabw : 3 an\n´v

B......................

tamƒCO2

1.8066 x 1024

CO2

X∑m-XIƒ

A......................

GMMCO2

C......................en‰¿ CO2

STP bn¬

132 gCO2

3


(7) Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-hsb X∑m-X-I-fpsS FÆw Ipd-™p-h-cp∂ Ia-Øn-se-gp-XpI.

(a) 160g HmIvkn-P≥ hmXIw? (1)(b) 67.2 L Atam-Wnb STP bn¬ (1)(c) 4 GMM ss\S-P≥ (1)

(At‰m- -anI amkv : 0 = 16 N = 14 H = 1, Avagadro Number NA = 6.022× 1023 )


bqWn‰v : 2 cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw tamƒ k¶¬∏-\hpwBibw : tamfm¿ emb\n

(8) •qt°m-kns‚ tamfn-Iyp-em¿ amkv 180 BWv. 1M dp≈ 500 mL emb\n Xbm-dm-°p-∂-Xn\v Bh-iy-amb •qt°m-kns‚ amkv IW-°m-°p-I. (2)

CXn-e-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ •qt°mkv X∑m-X-I-fpsS FÆw FX? (1)



(9) sslU-P≥ hmbp-hn¬ IØn Pe-ap-≠m-Ip∂ ]h¿Ø\Øns‚ cmk-k-a-hmIywsImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂Xv i≤n°q.

2H2 + O2 → 2H2O

(a) 224L sslU-P-\n¬ \n∂pw FX Kmw Pew Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°m≥ Ignbpw? (3)(b) CXn¬ AS-ßn-bn- p≈ Pe-X-∑m-X-I-fpsS FÆw FX-bm-bn-cn°pw? (1)



(10) sslU-P≥ s]tdm-IvsskUn\v hnL-S\w kw -hn-°p∂ hn[w Xmsg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. 34g sslU-P≥ s]tdm-IvsskUv hnL-Sn-°p-tºmƒ e`n-°p∂ HmIvkn-Ps‚amkv FX-bm-bn-cn°pw. (5)

2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2


4


(11) 36g Pehpw tkmUn-b-hpw XΩn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p-tºmƒ e`n-°p∂ sslU-Ps‚hym]vXw STP bn¬ FX-bm-bn-cn-°pw. (3)

2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH +H2

(kqN\ : At‰m- -anI amkv : Na = 23 O = 16 H = 1)kvtIm¿ : 3 kabw : 4 an\n´v


(12) Hcp \n›nX Xm]-\n-e-bnepw a¿Z-Ønepw ÿnXn sNøp∂ Hcp tamƒ t¢mdn≥ hmX-I-Øn-ep≈ B‰-ß-fpsS FÆw 2x BWv. CtX kml-N-cy-Øn-ep≈ Hcp tamƒB¿sKm¨ hmX-I-Øn¬ x B‰-ßƒ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°pw. CXp-ambn \nßƒ tbmPn-°p-∂pt≠m? ImcWw hy‡-am-°p-I. (3)



(13) 100cm3 t¢mdn≥ hmX-I-Øn-¬ '4x' X∑m-X-Iƒ Ds≠-¶n¬ AtX Dujvam-hnepwa¿Z-Ønepw 25cm3 HmIvkn-P-\n¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ X∑m-X-I-fpsS FÆw 'x' Bbn-cn-°pw. icntbm sXt‰m hni-Z-am-°p-I. (3)



(14) Im¿_¨ s]≥kn¬ sIm≠v tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønb Hcm-fns‚ Isøm-∏n¬ Im¿_¨ B‰-ß-fpsS `mcw 1.2 mg BsW∂v Is≠Øn ˛ CXn-e-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ Im¿_¨ B‰-ß-fpsS FÆw FX? (3)(kqN\ : 1 g = 1000mg, Im¿_-Wns‚ At‰m- -anI amkv = 12)



(15) Hcp tamƒ SO2 ¬ 6.022 × 1023 X∑m-X-Iƒ AS-ßn-bn- p-≠v.(a) 2 tamƒ SO2 ¬ AS-ßn-bn- p≈ X∑m-X-I-fpsS FÆw FX? (1)(b) CXbpw X∑m-X-I-fpsS amkv FX-bm-bn-cn°pw? (1)(kqN\ : At‰m- -anI amkv S = 32, O = 16)


5


(16) icn-bmb ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-I. sX‰m-bh icn-bm°n Fgp-Xp-I.

(a) Hcp tamƒ sslU-P≥ B‰-Øn¬ 6.022 × 1023 B‰-ßƒ D≠v? (1)(b) Hcp tamƒ HmIvkn-P≥ hmX-I-Øn¬ 2 x 6.022 × 1023 B‰-ßƒ AS-ßn-bn-

´p≠v? (1)(c) Hcp tamƒ t¢mdn≥ hmX-I-Øns‚ amkv 35.5 g BWv.(d) 0.5 tamƒ Pe-Øns‚ amkv 18g BWv. (1)(e) Hcp tamƒ ss\SP≥ hmX-I-Øn\v GX-h-ÿ-bnepw 22.4 L hym]vX-am-bn-

cn°pw. (1)(kqN\ : At‰m-anI amkv H = 1, O = 16, Cl = 35.5, N = 14)



(17) Hcp sX¿tam-ao-‰¿ _ƒ_n¬ 0.004 mole sa¿°pdn AS-ßn-bn- p-≠v. sa¿°p-dn-bpsSamkv IW- -°m-°p-I. (2)(A-t‰m-anI amkv, sa¿°pdn = 200.6)



(18) NpÆm-ºp-I√v (CaCO3) i‡n-bmbn NqSm-°n-bmWv \o‰p-I° hymh-km-bn-I-ambn\n¿an-°p-∂-Xv. Cu cmk-]-h¿Ø\w Xmsg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ coXn-bn¬ kqNn-∏n-°mw.

CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

(a) 112 kg \o‰p-I° e`n-°p-∂-Xn\v FX IntemKmw NpÆm-ºp-I√v NqSm-°-Ww. (2)

(b) CXbpw \o‰p-I-°-bp-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ kzX-¥-am-Ip∂ Im¿_¨ Utbm-Ivssk-Uns‚ amkv FX-bm-bn-cn-°pw. (2)(kqN\ : tamfn-Iyp-em¿ amkv CaCO3 = 100, CaO = 56, CO2= 44)


bqWn‰v : 2 cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw tamƒ k¶¬∏-\hpwBibw : hmX-I-hym]vXw

(19) hyh-km-b-im-e-bn¬ Atam-Wnb \n¿an°p-∂-Xn\v D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Akw-kvIrX]Zm¿Y-ß-fmWv ss\S-P\pw sslU-P-\pw. Ch c≠pw icn-bmb A\p-]m-X-Øn¬Iq´n Ie¿Øn-sb-¶n¬ amXta Atam-Wnb \n¿an-°m≥ Ign-bq. cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ ka-hmIyw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3

(a) Atam-Wnb \n¿an-°p-∂-Xn-s\-SpØ hmX-I-an-in-X-Øns‚ hym]vXw Hcp\n›nX a¿Z-Ønepw Dujvam-hnepw 400L BsW-¶n¬ AtX a¿Z-Ønepw

6

Dujvam-hnepw anin-X-ap-≠m-°m-s\-SpØ sslU-Ps‚ hym]vXw FX-bm-bn-cn°pw? (2)

(b) A`n-Im-c-I-ßƒ ]q¿W-ambn Dev]-∂-ambn amdn-bm¬ AtX Dujvam-hnepwa¿Z-Ønepw FX hym]vXw Atam-Wnb e`n-°pw. (2)

(c) cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ Dƒs∏´ hmXI A`n-Im-c-I-ß-fp-tSbpw Dev]-∂-ß-fpsSbpw hym]vXw Htc Dujvam-hnepw a¿Z-Ønepw Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I. (1)


bqWn‰v : 2 cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw tamƒ k¶¬∏-\hpwBibw :

(20) ""Hcp tamƒ sslU-P≥ X∑m-X-I-fpsS FÆ-Øns‚ Cc´nbmWv. Hcp tamƒ loenbwX∑m-X-I-fpsS FÆw''.(a) Cu ]kvXm-h-\-tbmSv \nßƒ tbmPn-°p-∂pt≠m?(b) \nß-fpsS DØcw \ymbo-I-cn-°p-I. (2)

(kqN\ : At‰m-an-I-amkv H = 1, He = 4)kvtIm¿ : 2 kabw : 4 an\n´v


(21) 22.4 L sslU-P\pw 22.4 L HmIvkn-P\pw Ie¿∂ aninXw IØn \ocm-hn-bp-≠m-Ip∂p F∂v Icp-Xp-I.

2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g))(i) e`n-°p∂ \ocm-hn-bpsS hym]vXw FX-bm-bn-cn°pw?(ii) Cu ]h¿Ø-\- -e-ambn GsX-¶nepw hmXIw Ah-ti-jn-°ptam? Ds≠-¶n¬

GXm-bn-cn°pw? (5)kvtIm¿ : 5 kabw : 6 an\n´v


(22) Hcp knen-≠-dn¬ ss\S-P≥ hmX-I-Øns‚ 24 x 1023 X∑m-X-Iƒ D≠v. Ashm-KmtUm \º¿ 6 x 1023 BsW∂v Icp-XpI. ss\S-Ps‚ At‰m-an-I-amkv 14 BWv.(a) knen-≠-dnse ss\S-P≥ X∑m-X-I-fpsS amkv FX? (3)(ii) STP bn¬ CXbpw ss\S-Ps‚ hym]vXw FXbm-bn-cn°pw? (2)


bqWn‰v : 2 cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw tamƒ k¶¬∏-\hpwBibw : tamfn-Iyp-em¿ amkv \n¿Æ-bn-°¬

(23) Im¬ky-Øns‚ aq∂v kwbp-‡-ßƒ Xmsg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p.

CaCO3 CaCl2 Ca(OH)2

Ch Hmtcm∂pw FX Kmw hoXw FSp-Øm-emWv X∑m-X-I-fpsS FÆw Xpey-am-bn-cn-°pI? (3)

(kqN\ : At‰m-an-I-amkv Ca - 40, Cl - 35.5, O - 16, H - 1)kvtIm¿ : 3 kabw : 4 an\n´v

7

bqWn‰v : 2 cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw tamƒ k¶¬∏-\hpwBibw : cmk-]-h¿Ø\ thKX

(24) tKm]n-I-bpsS kb≥kv Ub-dn-bpsS A]q¿W-amb Hcp t]PmWv NphsS tN¿Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

]co-£Ww ˛ 1 \nco-£Ww e`n®Dev]-∂-ßƒ

10g am¿_nƒ Ij-W-ßƒ Hcp t_mbn-enMv A CSyq_n¬ FSp-Ø-Xn-\p-tijw 10ml t\¿∏n® .................... ....................HCl Hgn-®p.

]co-£Ww ˛ 210g am¿_nƒ s]mSn Hcp t_mbn-enMv B DSyq_n¬ FSp-Ø-Xn-\p-tijw 10ml t\¿∏n® .................... ....................HCl Hgn-®p.

(a) Cu \nco-£-W-°p-dn∏v ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-I. (2)(b) Cu ]co-£-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw tKm]nI FØn-t®¿∂n-cn-°m-\n-S-bp≈ \nK-

a\w F¥m-bn-cn°pw? (1)kvtIm¿ : 3 kabw : 4 an\n´v


(25) 1 GAM ss\S-P≥ = 6.022 x 1023 B‰-ßƒ

1 GMM ss\S-P≥ = ........................ X∑m-XIƒ (1)kvtIm¿ : 1 kabw : 2 an\n´v


(26) 1 GMM Im¿_¨ = 12g Im¿_¨

1 GAM Im¿_¨ = ....... g Im¿_¨ (2)

1 GAM t¢mdn≥ = 35.5g t¢mdn≥

1 GMM t¢mdn≥ = ....... g t¢mdn≥kvtIm¿ : 2 kabw : 4 an\n´v


(27) 6.022 x 1023 NH3 hmXIw = 17g = 22.4 L (STP)

2 x 6.022 x 1023 SO2 hmXIw = ........ g = .......... L (STP) (3)

(S = 32, O = 16)kvtIm¿ : 3 kabw : 4 an\n´v

8


(28) (a) Xmsg X∂n-cn-°p∂ X∑m-X-I-fpsS tamfn-Iyp-em¿ amkv ImWp-I.

Na OH, NaCl, KOH, KCl (K = 39, Na = 23, O = 16, H = 1, Cl = 35.5) (2)

(b) Xmsg X∂n-cn-°p∂ embn-\n-I-fn¬ Htc KmV-X-bp-≈h sXc-s™-Sp-°p-I.

(a) 40g NaOH Hcp en‰¿ sh≈-Øn¬ ebn-∏n-®Xv

(b) 100g NaCl Hcp en‰¿ sh≈-Øn¬ ebn-∏n-®Xv

(c) 56g KOH Hcp en‰¿ sh≈-Øn¬ ebn-∏n-®Xv

(d) 50g KCl Hcp en‰¿ sh≈-Øn¬ ebn-∏n-®Xv (2)kvtIm¿ : 4 kabw : 2 an\n´v


(29) c≠v sSÃyq-_p-I-fn-embn Htc KmV-X-bp≈ tkmUnbw Xtbm-kƒt^‰v emb\nFSp-°p-∂p. c≠nepw Xpey Af-hn¬ Htc KmV-X-bp≈ HCl tN¿°p-∂p. Hcp sSÃyq-_ns\ NqSm-°p-∂p. NqSm-°nb sSÃyq-_n¬ kƒ^-dns‚ Ah-£n]vXw Ffp-∏-Øn¬e`n-°p-∂p.(a) cmk-]-h¿Ø\ thK-Xsb kzm[o-\n-°p∂p ]e LS-I-ß-fp-≠v. CXn¬ GXv

LS-IsØ Ipdn-®p≈ Adn-hmWv Cu ]co-£-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw e`n-°p-∂-Xv.(1)

(b) cmk-]-h¿Ø\ thK-Xsb kzm[o-\n-°p∂ at‰-sX-¶nepw c≠v LS-I-ßƒFgp-Xp-I. (1)



(30) sslU-P\pw HmIvkn-P\pw tN¿∂v Pe-ap-≠m-Ip∂ cmk-]-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ cmk-k-a-hm-Iy-amWv NphsS sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

2H2 + O2 → 2H2O(a) 10 tamƒ Pew e`n-°-W- -sa-¶n¬ FX tamƒ sslU-P≥ Bh-iy-ambn hcpw

(1)(b) 180 Kw Pew e`n-°m≥ FX Kmw sslU-P≥ Bh-iy-ambn hcpw? (1)



(31) sslU-P≥ s]tdmIvssk-Uns‚ hnL-S-\-th-KX h¿≤n-∏n-°m≥ Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-h-bn¬ GXmWv tN¿t°-≠Xv?(a) t^mkvt^m-dnIv BknUv (1)(b) am≥K-\okv ssUHmIvsskUv


9


(32) am¿_nƒ IjvW-ßƒ t\¿∏n® ssltUm-t¢m-dnIv Bkn-Upambn ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ thK-XØn¬, s]mSn® am¿_nƒ t\¿∏n® ssltUm-t¢m-dnIv Bkn-Up-ambn ]h¿Øn-°p-∂p. (1)

sNdp-Xm-°nb hndIv IjvW-ßƒ henb hndIv IjvW-ß-tf-°mƒ Ffp-∏-Øn¬IØp∂p. (1)

CXn¬ c≠nepw cmk-]-h¿Ø\ thKX IqSm≥ Imc-W-sa¥v? (2)kvtIm¿ : 2 kabw : 2 an\n´v

(33) DNn-X-amb _‘w Is≠Øn tNcpw-]Sn tN¿°p-I.

a. Hcp tamfm¿ hym]vXw Ah-KmtUm \º¿ (1)

b. 4 tamƒ H2 Dw 1 tamƒ O2 Dw KmV-X-bn-ep≈ hyXymkw (1)kwtbm-Pn®v 2 tamƒ PewD≠m-Ip-tºmƒ

c. cmk-]-h¿Ø\ thKX 2 tamƒ H2 Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂p. (1)

d. 6.022 x 1023 22.4 L STP bn¬ (1)kvtIm¿ : 4 kabw : 2 an\n´v


(34) A, B, C F∂o tImf-ß-fnse _‘w icn-bm°n Fgp-Xp-I.

A B C

a. 5 tamƒ H2SO4 16g 224L STP bn¬ (1)

b. 440g CO2 H2O2 s‚ hnL-S\ thK-Xsb 490g (1)kzm[o-\n-°p∂p

c. H3PO4 5 x 6.022 x 1023 X∑m-X-Iƒ DXvt]-cIw (1)

d. CH4 10 mol 1 GMM (1)

(kqN\ : At‰m-an-I -\º¿ H = 1, C = 12, S = 32, O = 16, P = 31)kvtIm¿ : 4 kabw : 2 an\n´v

1

bqWn‰v : 3 ˛ Ce-IvtSm¨hn\ym-khpw ]ncn-tbm-UnIvtS_nfpwBibw : k_vsj-√p-Iƒ, k_vsj-√p-I-fnse Ce-IvtSm¨ Iao-I-c-Ww, tªm°v aqe-I-ßƒ,

]mXn-\n[y aqe-I-ßƒ, kwI-aW aqe-I-ßƒ

(1) ]ncn-tbm-UnIv tS_n-fnse Hcp `mKw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. aqe-I-ß-fpsS ]Xo-I-ßƒbYm¿∞-a-√.

(a) B, C F∂n-h-bpsS Ce-IvtSm¨ hn\ymkw Fgp-Xp-I. (1)(b) A, C F∂n-h-bpsS At‰m-anI \º¿ ImWp-I. (1)(c) Htc hme≥kn-bp≈ aqe-I-ßƒ Gh? Ah-bpsS hme≥kn FX? (1)(d) X F∂ aqe-I-Øns‚ hme≥kn- 1 BWv. X F∂ aqeIw A, B F∂n-h-bp-ambn

kwtbm-Pn-®p-≠m-Ip∂ kwbp-‡-Øns‚ cmk-kq-X-sa-gp-Xp- -I. (2)kabw : 2 an\n´v

kvtIm¿ : 5



(2) Nne k_vsj¬ Ce-IvtSm¨ Iao-I-c-W-ßƒ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. km[y-a-√m-ØhGh? Imc-W-sa¥v?

2s3 2d10 3f4 4f2

2p2 2s2 3d6 3p7

kabw : 3 an\n´vkvtIm¿ : 5



(3) Nne k_vsj¬ Ce-IvtSm¨ Iao-I-c-W-ßƒ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. icn-b-√m-ØhIs≠Øn Xncp-Øn-F-gp-Xp-I.

(a) 1s2 2s2 2p1

(b) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1

(c) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d2

(d) 1s2 2s2 2p7

ck-X¥w bqWn‰v ˛ 3Ãmt‚¿Uv X Ce-IvtSm¨hn\ym-khpw

]ncn-tbm-UnIvtS_nfpwtNmZytiJcw

A B

C D2, 8, 7

2

(e) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6 4d2

(f) 1s2 2s1 2p2

(g) 1s2 2s2 2p4 3s2




(4) X F∂ aqe-I-Øns‚ At‰m-anI \º¿ 19 BWv.

(a) aqe-I-Øns‚ k_vsj¬ seh-en-ep≈ Ce-IvtSm¨ hn\ym-k-sa-gp-Xp-I. (1)(b) Cu aqeIw ]cn-tbm-UnIv tS_n-fn¬ GXp tªm°nepw ]nco-b-Unepw Kq∏nepw

Dƒs∏Spw (1)(c) Cu aqe-I-Øns‚ HmIvko-I-c-Wm-h-ÿ-sb-X-bm-bn-cp°pw? (1)(d) kwtbm-P-IX- 2 Bb Y F∂ aqeIw X ambn kwtbm-Pn-®p-≠m-Ip∂ kwbp-‡-

Øns‚ cmk-kq-X-sa-gp-Xp- -I. (2)kabw : 2 an\n´v

kvtIm¿ : 6



(5) A, B, C, D F∂o aqe-I-ß-fpsS k_vsj¬ Ia-Øn-ep≈ Ce-IvtSm¨ hn\ymkw\¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. aqe-I-ß-fpsS ]Xo-I-ßƒ bYm¿∞-a-√.

A 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1

B 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1

C 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d3

D 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

E 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5

(a) Ch-bn¬ DXvIrjvS aqe-Iw GXmWv? (1)(b) 17mw Kq∏n¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂ aqe-I-taXv? (1)(c) B¬°en teml-taXv? (1)(d) Ch-bn¬ B, E F∂nh kwtbm-Pn-®p-≠m-Ip∂ kwbp-‡-Øns‚ cmk-kq-X-sa-

gp-Xp-I. (1)kabw : 4 an\n´v

kvtIm¿ : 4



(6) P, Q, R, S, T, E F∂o aqe-I-ß-fpsS k_vsj¬ Ce-IvtSm¨ hn\ymkw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. aqe-I-ß-fpsS ]Xo-I-ßƒ bYm¿∞-a-√.

3

P 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1

Q 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d1

R 1s2 2s1

S 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d5

T 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5

E 1s2 2s2 2p5

(a) aqe-I-ßf s, p ,d tªm°p-I-fmbn Xcw-Xn-cn-°p-I. (3)(b) Ch-bn¬ Htc Kq∏n¬ hcp∂ aqe-I-ßƒ Gh? (1)(c) Htc ]ncn-b-Un¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂ aqe-I-ßƒ Gh? (1)(d) Ch-bn¬ GXv c≠v aqe-I-ßƒ XΩn-em-bn-cn°pw Xoh-amb coXn-bn¬ cmk-

]-h¿Ø\w \S-°p-I. (1)kabw : 5 an\n´v

kvtIm¿ : 6



(7) ]ncn-tbm-UnIv tS_n-fnse hnhn[ tªm°p-I-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Nne ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ch-bn¬ kwI-aW aqe-I-ßƒ°v s]mXpsh _m[-I-am-bhsXc-s™-Sp-sØ-gp-Xp-I.

(a) F√m Ah-ÿ-I-fnepw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p.(b) \nd-ap≈ kwbp-‡-ßƒ Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂p.(c) s, p tªm°p-I-fn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p.(d) d tªm°n¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p.(e) hyXykvX HmIvko-I-c-Wm-h-ÿ ]Z¿in-∏n-°p-∂p.(f) teml-ß-fm-Wv.(g) F√m hn`mKw aqe-I-ßfpw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p.(h) DevIr-jvS-aq-e-I-ßfmWv




(8) X F∂ aqe-I-Øns‚ At‰m-anI \º¿ 25 BWv.

(a) aqe-I-Øns‚ k_vsj¬ Ia-Øn-eq≈ Ce-IvtSm¨ hn\ym-k-sa-gp-Xp-I. (1)(b) X2+, X7+ F∂o Atbm-Wp-I-fpsS Ce-IvtSm¨ hn\ym-k-sa-gp-XpI (2)(c) X F∂ aqeIØns‚ GsX-¶nepw c≠v khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ Fgp-Xp-I. (2)


4



(9) kn¶v F∂ kwI-aW aqe-I-Øns‚ 3d k_vsj√n¬ 10 Ce-IvtSm-Wp-Iƒ D≠v.

(a) kn¶ns‚ ]q¿Æ-amb k_vsj¬ Ce-IvtSm¨ hn\ym-k-sa-gp-Xp-I. (1)(b) kn¶ns‚ At‰m-anI \º¿ FXbmWv? (2)(c) kwI-aW aqe-I-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-kvX-ambn kn¶v ÿnc-amb HmIvko-I-

Wm-hÿ ]Z¿in-∏n-°p-∂p. Imc-Ww Is≠-Øp-I. (2)kabw : 4 an\n´v

kvtIm¿ : 5



(10) Xmsg-sIm-Sp-Øn-´p≈ ]kvXm-h-\-I-fn¬ icn-b-√m-Øh Gh? icn-b-√m-Øh icn-bm-°n-sb-Sp-°p-I.

(a) ]ncn-tbm-UnIv tS_n-fn¬ aqe-I-ßsf At‰m-anIamkns‚ Btcm-l-W-I-a-Øn¬hn\y-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. (1)

(b) em≥Y-t\m-Wp-Ifpw BIvSn-t\m-Wp-Ifpw ‘f’ tªm°v aqe-I-ß-fm-Wv.(c) \yq¢n-b- n¬ \n∂-I-ep-t¥mdpw Ce-IvtSm-Wp-I-fpsS Du¿Pw Ipd-™p-h-cp-

∂p. (1)(d) F√m D¿P-\n-e-I-fn-ep-ap≈ s k_vsj-√p-I-fpsS Du¿Pw Xpey-am-bn-cn-°pw.(e) ‘d’ tªm°v aqe-I-ßƒ teml-ß-fm-Wv.




(11) tNcp-w]Sn tN¿°pI

aqeIw At‰m-anI Ce-IvtSm¨ kwtbm-P-IX\º¿ hn\ymkw

A 14 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p4 4

B 13 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p5 2

C 16 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p1 3

D 17 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p2 1


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