gpwf;fk; nghnj murdhdtd; language p...,ytrg; ghle}y; tpepnahfj;jpw;fhf 23 nkhopj;jpwd; tpuj;jpr;...

18,ytrg; ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf

gpwf;Fk; NghNj murdhdtd;

,uz;lhapuk; Mz;LfSf;F Kd; jkpofj;ijr; Nruu;> Nrhou;> ghz;ba

vd;Dk; %Nte;ju;fs; Mz;lhu;fs;. mtu;fshy; Msg;gl;l gFjpfs; KiwNa

NruehL> NrhoehL> ghz;baehL vd;W miof;fg;gl;ld. ,k; %d;W

ehLfSk; Nru;e;jNj mf;fhyj;Jj; jkpofk;.

Nrho ehL vd;gJ> ,d;Ws;s jQ;ir> jpUr;rp khtl;lq;fisf;

nfhz;l ehL. ,e;jr; Nrho ehl;bd; jiyefukhff; fUt+u;> ciwa+u;

fhtphpg;g+k;gl;bdk; Kjypa efuq;fs; tpsq;fpd. Nrho ehl;il Mz;l

Nrhou;> #hpa Fyj;ijr; rhu;e;jtu;.

Nrhou;fSf;F> tstu;> nrd;dp> fps;sp> nrk;gpad; Kjypa NtW

ngau;fs; cz;L.

Nrho kd;du;fs; Gfo;ngw;wtu;fs;. xU GwhTf;fhfj; jd; cliy

mhpe;JnfhLj;j rpgp xU Nrho kd;du;. kfDila Nju;f;fhypy; gl;L

,we;j fd;wpDf;fhfj; jd; kfd; kPJ Njiu Vw;wpf; nfhd;w kD xU

Nrho kd;dd;. ,k; kd;du; kugpy; te;jtNd fupfhyd;.

fupfhydpd; je;ijia ,sQ;Nrl;nrd;dp vd;W miog;ghu;fs;.

cUtk; vd;why; moF vd;W nghUs;. mofpa gy Nju;fisg;

ngw;wpUe;jtd; ,e;j kd;dd;. ,td; mOe;J}u; vd;Dk; FWepyj;Jf;F

kd;ddhd Nts; xUtDila kfisj; jpUkzk; nra;J nfhz;lhd;.

ciwa+iuj; jiyefuhff;nfhz;L Mz;L te;jhd;.

fupfhyd; fUTw;Wg; gpwg;gjw;F Kd;dNu mtDila je;ij

,sQ;Nrl; nrd;dp ,we;Jtpl;lhd;. vdNt> mtd; gpwf;Fk;NghNj

murdhfptpl;lhd;. mjdhy; ~jha; tapw;wpy; ,Ue;jNghNj muRhpik

mile;jtd; fupfhyd;| vd;W Gytu;fs; Fwpg;gpl;lhu;fs;.


rpiwg;gl;l fhpfhyd;

rpWtd; fupfhyd; murdhf Ms;tJ rpyUf;Fg; gpbf;ftpy;iy.

mtu;fs; #o;r;rp nra;J ciwa+u; muz;kidapypUe;J fupfhyid

tpul;bdhu;fs;. ehlhs Ntz;ba fupfhyd; ehNlhbahdhd;. gy Cu;fspy;

Rw;wpj; jpupe;jhd;. giftu;fspd; ifapy; mfg;glhky; mtd; kiwe;J

tho;e;jhd;. ,Wjpapy; fUt+hpy; jq;fpdhd;.

NrhoehL murd; ,y;yhky; mtjpAw;wJ. rhd;Nwhu;fs; rpyu; ,f;Fiw

ePf ;f Kad;whu ;fs;. gl;lj;jpw ;Fhpa fupfhyd; ,Uf;Fk; ,lk;

mr;rhd;Nwhu;fSf;Fj; njhpatpy;iy. mtd; capUld; ,Uf;fpd;whdh>

,y;iyah vd;gJk; mtu;fSf;Fj; njhpahJ. mjdhy; mtu;fs;> Gjpa

muridj; Nju;e;njLf;f Kad;whu;fs;.

goq;fhyj;jpy; Kiwg;gb muruhf Ntz;batu; ahUkpy;yhtpl;lhy;>

gl;lj;J ahidiaf; nfhz;L Xu; muridj; Nju;e;njLg;ghu;fs;. me;j

ahidia myq;fhpj;J mjd; ifapy; xU khiyiaf;nfhLg;ghu;fs;.

gpwF> mjidj; jd;dpr;irahfr; nry;y tpLthu;fs;> ahidapd; gpd;Nd

tPuu;fSk; murit mjpfhupfSk; nry;thu;fs;. ahid ahu; fOj;jpy;

khiy ,LfpwNjh> mtiuNa kf;fs; muruhf Vw;W Kb#l;Lthu;fs;.

rhd;Nwhu;fs; ,e;jg; gioa Kiwiag; gpd; gw;wpdhu;fs;. Nrho

kd;ddpd; gl;lj;J ahid fOkyk; vd;Dk; rPu;fhopapy; fl;lg;gl;bUe;jJ.

mjd; ifapy; xU khiyiaf;nfhLj;jhu;fs;@ gpwF mjd; fl;il

mtpo;j;Jtpl;lhu;fs;. ahid khiyAld; ntspf;fpsk;gpaJ.

murdhf Ntz;Lnkd;W tpUk;gpatu;fs; ahidapd; Kd;NdNgha;

epd;whu;fs;. ~ahid jk; fOj;jpy; khiy Nghlhjh?| vd;W xt;nthUtUk;

Vq;fpdhu;fs;> ahid mtu;fisnay;yhk; nghUl;gLj;jhky; fOkyj;ijf;

fle;J nrd;wJ@ NeNu fUt+Uf;Fr; nrd;wJ. giftu; fz;zpy; glhky;

kiwe;J tho;e;j fupfhyd; Kd;Ngha; epd;wJ. mtd; fOj;jpy;

khiyapl;lJ. mtidj; Jjpf;ifahy; J}f;fpj; jd; KJfpy; mkur; nra;jJ.

mtNdhL muz;kidf;Fj; jpUk;gpaJ.

ahidahy; Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;ltd;> ,sQ;Nrl; nrd;dpapd; kfd;

fupfhyd; vd;gijf; fz;l rhd;Nwhu;fs; fspg;gile;jhu;fs;. Kiwg;gb

mhpaizf;F chpatidNa ahid Nju;njLj;jJ nja;tr;nray; vd;W

kfpo;e;jhu;fs;. fupfhyid mhpaizapy; mku;j;jp Kb #l;bdhu;fs;

fupfhyd; kPz;Lk; muz;kidapy; Ml;rpGhpaj; njhlq;fpdhd;.


Kd ;G fu pfhyid t p ul ; ba giftu ; ; fs ; ,g ; NghJk ;

Rk;khapUf;ftpy;iy. jf;f jUzj;ij vjpu;ghu;j;Jf; fhj;jpUe;jhu;fs;

jq;fSld; NghJkhd tPuu;fisr; Nru;j;Jf;nfhz;lhu;fs;. gpwF jpBnud;W

xU ehs; fupfhyidr; #o;e;J> mtidf; ifJ nra;jhu;fs;:

muz;kidf;Fs;NsNa xU rpiwapy; milj;J itj;jhu;fs;. rpiwapy;

fupfhyd; ,Ug;gJ $l mtu;fspy; rpyUf;Fg; gpbf;ftpy;iy. mjdhy;

fupfhyid mopf;f mtd; ,Ue;j rpiwf;Nf jP itj;jhu;fs;.

rpiwapypUe;jhYk; fhpfhydpd; tPuk; Fiwatpy;iy> rpWtd;

fupfhyd; tPuk; ngw;wtdhf ,Ue;jhd;@ mr;rkw;wtdhf ,Ue;jhd;. mjdhy;

giftu; itj;j jP gy gf;fq;fspYk; gutptUtijf; fz;L gag;gltpy;iy.

ahidiag; gpbf;f epyj;jpy; xU nghpa gs;sk; Njhz;Lthu;fs;.

me;jg; gs;sj;jpd;NkNy %q;fpy; fk;Gfis itg;ghu;fs;> mjw;Fk; NkNy

,iy> fpisfisg; gug;gptpLthu;fs;. mjdhy; gs;sk; fz;Zf;Fj;

njhpahJ. me;j topNa tUk; ahid gs;sj;ij czuhky;> me;j

,lj;jpy; fhiy itf;Fk;. clNd %q;fpy; Kwpa> ahid gs;sj;jpy;

tpOe;J tpLk;. gs;sj;jpy; tPo;e;jJ> g+idah? ,y;iy: mJ ahid@

cWjpahd je;jq;fs; ngw;w Mz; ahid> mjdhy; ahid mQ;rhJ>

jd; je;jq;fshy; gs;sj;jpd; xU gf;fj;ij ,bj;Jf; jfu;f;Fk;@ kz;

rhpe;J tpOe;jgpd;@ me;j topNa kiyr;rhptpy; Vwpg;NghtJ Nghy Vwp

ntspNa te;JtpLk;. fupfhyd; me;j ahidiag; Nghyr; nray;gl;lhd;.

vhpe;j gFjp topNa GFe;J> jLj;j gFjpiaj; jfu;j;J ntspNa

te;Jtpl;lhd;.

fupfhyidf; nfhy;yg; giftu; itj;j jP> mtd; tpLjiyngw;W

ntsptuNt Jiznra;jJ. Mdhy; fupfhydpd; fhy;kl;Lk; jPapdhy;

jPa;e;J fUfpaJ> mjd;gpd;Ng mtd; fupfhyd; vd;w ngaiug; ngw;whd;.

fupfhydpd; jhahUf;F xU jikad; ,Ue;jhu;. mtu; ngau;

,Uk;gplu;j; jiyahu;. rpiwapypUe;J ntspte;j fupfhyd; mk; khkdhuplk;;

nrd;whd;. mtu; JizNahLk;> jd;id tpUk;gpa tPuu;fspd; JizNahLk;

fhpfhyd; jd; giftu;fNshL Nghhpl;lhd;. jd; muz;kidf;Fs; ,Ue;J

mtid xopf;fr; #o;r;rpnra;j midtiuAk; mopj;J ntw;wp ngw;whd;.

%d;whk; Kiwahff; fupfhyd; mhpaizapy; mku;e;J Ml;rpnra;aj;

njhlq;fpdhd;. mtDila khkdhu; ,Uk;gplu;j; jiyahu; mtdUNf

,Ue;J gytifapYk; mtDf;Fj; Jiznra;jhu;. mjd; gpd; fhpfhyd;

Ml;rp Fiwapd;wpr; rpwe;J tpsq;fpaJ.


gps;is toq;fpa ey;y jPu;g;G

fupfhyd; rpWtd;; ~fLF rpWj;jhYk; fhuk; FiwahJ|. vd;w

gonkhopf;F vLj;Jf;fhl;lhfj; jpfo;e;jhd;. ,sikapy; Cu; Cuhfj;

jphpe;jNghJ gy;tifg;gl;l kf;fisf; fz;L gofpa mDgtk; kf;fs;

epiyia mtDf;F ed;F czu;j;jpaJ. mjdhy; kf;fspd; kdk;

Nfhzhky;> mtu;fs; Kfk; kyu mfk; Fspu Ml;rp nra;jhd;.

xU ehs; fupfhyd; jd; mitapy; tPw;wpUe;j NghJ ,Utu;

te;jdu;. me;j ,UtUf;FkpilNa xU tof;F ,Ue;jJ. me;j tof;if

murdplk; $wp> mtd; $Wk; jPu;g;ig Vw;gjw;fhf te;jpUe;jdu;. mtu;fs;

te;j Nehf;fj;ij mwpe;J nfhz;l fupfhyd; ~~ cq;fs; tof;ifr;

nrhy;Yq;fs;|| vd;W $wpdhd;.

te;jtu;fs; xUtu; Kfj;ij xUtu; ghu;j;jgb epd;whu;fs;. vtUk;

tha;jpwe;J tof;ifr; nrhy;y Kd;tutpy;iy. mtu;fs; tof;Fiuf;fj;

jaq;fpdu;.~~murd; ,isatdhf ,Uf;fpd;whNd ,tdhy; ey;y jPu;g;G

toq;fKbAkh|| vd;W ,UtUk; Iaq;nfhz;ldu;.

te;jtu; tof;fpidf; $wj; jaq;fpajd; fhuzj;ij Cfpj;J

czu;e;j fupfhyd; ~~nghpNahu;fNs! ,isatdhd vd;dhy; tof;if

ey;yKiwapy; Nfl;Lj; jPu;g;gspf;fKbAkh?|| vd;W vz;ZfpwPu;fs;.

cq;fSf;F me;jf; ftiy Ntz;lhk;. muz;kidapy; cs;s mDgtkpf;f

Kjpatu; xUtiu mDg;GfpNwd;. mtu; cq;fSf;Fj; jPu;g;G toq;Fthu;||

vd;W $wp muritia tpl;L ntspNawpdhd;.

rpwpJ Neuj;jpw;Fg; gpd;G Kjpatu; xUtu; mitf;F te;jhu;.

tajhdjhy; tise;J $d; ngw;w cUtk;@ eiuj;j jiy@ jhb@ Cd;wp

elf;f xU Nfhy; ,j;jidAk; ngw;w me;j Kjpatiuf; fz;L tof;fhl

te;jtu;fs; jpUg;jp mile;jhu;fs;. mthplk; jk; tof;ifr; nrhd;dhu;fs;.

Kjpatu; ,UthplKk; tof;iff; Nfl;lhu;. gpwF jPu;g;G toq;fpdhu;.

me;jj; jPu;g;Gr; rhpahdJ vd;W ,UtUNk Vw;Wf;nfhz;ldu;. mtu;fs;>

jPu;g;G toq;fpa Kjpatiug; Gfo;e;jhu;fs;.

Kjpatu; KWty; nra;jgb jk; jiyapy; ,Ue;j eiuKbia xU

ifahy; mfw;wpdhu;@ kW ifahy; jhbia ePf;fpdhu;. mq;Nf rpWtd;

fupfhyd; rphpj;jgb epd;wpUe;jhd;.


tof;fhl te;jtu;fs; tpag;Gw;W epd;whu;fs;. fupfhyNd eiuKb

mzpe;J> jhb#b Kjpatu; tbtj;jpy; te;jij mwpe;j mitapdu;

mj;jid NgUk; tpae;jdu;.

~~ey;y jPu;g;G toq;f ,e;jg; gps;isahy; KbAkh? vd;W IAw;w

,UtUk;> mNj rpW gps;isahd fupfhyNd jkf;Fr; rpwe;j jPu;g;ig

toq;fpaij mwpe;jdu;. ~%u;j;jp rpwpjhdhYk; fPu;j;jp nghpJ| vd;gjid

czu;e;jdu;. cUT fz;L vs;shik Ntz;Lk;| vd;w ts;Stu; thf;F

vt;tsT cz;ik vd;gij czu;e;jdu;. eiu Kbazpe;J jPu;g;G toq;fpa

fupfhyDf;F ed;wp $wpr; nrd;wdu;.

ed;wp :- rpWtu;f;F %Nte;ju; fijed;wp :- rpWtu;f;F %Nte;ju; fijed;wp :- rpWtu;f;F %Nte;ju; fijed;wp :- rpWtu;f;F %Nte;ju; fijed;wp :- rpWtu;f;F %Nte;ju; fij

mUk;gjq;fs;

mupaiz - muru;fs; tPw;wpUf;Fk; rpk;khrdk;

KWty; - Gd;dif. kfpo;r;rp

fPu;j;jp - Gfo;

cUT - tbtk;

vs;sy; - ,fo;r;rp

%u;j;jp - flTspd; cUtk;

fpufpj;jy; gapw;rp

1. jkpofj;ij Mz;l %Nte;ju;fs; ahtu;?

2. ‘fupfhyd;” vd;w ngau; tuf; fhuzk; ahJ?

3. goq;fhyj;jpy; kf;fs; muru;fis vt;thW Nju;e;njLj;jhu;fs;.

4. ‘jha; tapw;wpy; ,Ue;j NghNj muRupik mile;jtd; fupfhyd;” vdg;Gytu;fs; $wf; fhuzk; ahJ?

5. ‘fLF rpWj;jhYk; fhuk; FiwahJ” vd;w gonkhop czu;j;Jk; fUj;JahJ?

6. ‘cUT fz;L vs;shik Ntz;Lk;” vd;gjd; nghUistpsf;Ff.


nkhopj;jpwd; tpUj;jpr; nraw;ghL

1. fupfhydpd; Ml;rpr; rpwg;G vDk; jiyg;gpy; Nkilg; Ngr;R xd;iwepfo;j;Jf.

2. fupfhy; tstdpd; fijia ehlf tbtpy; vOJf. gpd; mijtFg;giwapy; my;yJ ,yf;fpa kd;wj;jpy; ebj;Jf; fhl;Lf.

3. Ml;rpahsu;fisj; njhpT nra;tjpy; gz;ila Kiwikf;Fk; jw;fhyKiwikf;Fk; ,ilapyhd NtWghLfis ,dq;fz;L fl;LiuahfvOJf.

4. ,yq;ifapy; tho;e;j rpwg;Gkpf;f kd;du;fs; njhlu;ghd fijfisr;Nrfupj;J> fijg; Gj;jfk; xd;iw Mf;Ff.

nkhop tsk;

kuGg; ngah;fs;

vg;nghUis vr;nrhy;yhy; vt;thW Md;Nwhu; njhd;W njhl;L toq;fp

te;jdNuh mg;nghUis mr;nrhy;yhy; mt;thNw toq;FtJ kuG MFk;.

,it jkpo;nkhopapy; vOj;J tof;fpYk; Ngr;R tof;fpYk; kpifahf

ifahsg;gl;L tUfpd;wd.

,sikg; ngau;

fd;W - njd;id> ahid>khd;> thio> gR> vUik.

Fl;b - ML> Gyp> Fjpiu> ghk;G> thio> Fuq;F>

G+id> ahid > rpq;fk;> eha;> khd;.

FUis - rpq;fk;> eha;> Gyp.

gws; - Fuq;F> G+id> gd;wp.

gps;is - fPup> mzpy;> fpsp> fKF> njd;id.

kwp - ML> Fjpiu> Gs;spkhd;

FQ;R - mzpy;> kPd;> Nfhop> fpsp

Ngj;ij - jtis

gid - tlyp

Gifapiy - ehw;W

Nghjfk; - ahid


$l;lj;ij Fwpf;Fk; kuGr;nrhw;fs;

1. ML - ke;ij

2. M - epiu

3. gy; - tupir

4. fy; - Ftpay;

5. kyu; - nfhj;J

6. fil - njhFjp

7. MW - njhFjp

8. rdk; - jpus;

9. ney; - Ftpay;

10. thio - Njhg;G

rpidg;ngau;

I ,iyfs; ,iyfs; ,iyfs; ,iyfs; ,iyfs;

1. kh> gyh> thio - ,iy

2. njd;id> gid> fKF - Xiy

3. ney;> Gy; - jhs;

4. fUk;G> Nrhsk; - Njhif

II tpj;Jg; ngah;tpj;Jg; ngah;tpj;Jg; ngah;tpj;Jg; ngah;tpj;Jg; ngah;

1. kpsfha;> fj;jup> - tpij

2. ney;> Nrhsk;> jpid - kzp

3. Mkzf;F> khJis - Kj;J

4. kh> gyh> jhkiu - nfhl;il

5. jhkiu> Mkzf;F - nghFl;L


III ,sq;fhapd; ngau;,sq;fhapd; ngau;,sq;fhapd; ngau;,sq;fhapd; ngau;,sq;fhapd; ngau;

1. njd;idapd; ,sq;fha; - FUk;ig

2. gidapd; ,sq;fha; - Eq;F

3. gyhtpd; gpQ;R - %R

4. khtpd; ,sk; gpQ;R - tL

5. thioapd; ,sk; gpQ;R - fr;ry;

IV cs;sPl;Lg; ngau;cs;sPl;Lg; ngau;cs;sPl;Lg; ngau;cs;sPl;Lg; ngau;cs;sPl;Lg; ngau;

muprp - ney;> jpid> tuF

rij - thio> kh

Ris - gyh> Njhil

NrhW - KUq;if> fw;whis

gUg;G - mtiu

V Fiyf;Fupa kuGg;ngau;Fiyf;Fupa kuGg;ngau;Fiyf;Fupa kuGg;ngau;Fiyf;Fupa kuGg;ngau;Fiyf;Fupa kuGg;ngau;

1. thio> Ke;jpup> <r;ir - Fiy

2. kh> Gsp Kjypatw;wpd; fha;j;njhFjp - nfhj;J

3. Nrhsk;> ney;> tuF - fjpu;

VI Vida kuGg;ngau;Vida kuGg;ngau;Vida kuGg;ngau;Vida kuGg;ngau;Vida kuGg;ngau;

1. Ml;Lkyk; - gpOf;if

2. fOij kyk; - tpl;il

3. gwit kyk; - vr;rk;

4. ahid kyk;; - ,yj;jp / ,yz;lk;

5. gR - rhzk;


VII m/wpiz kuGg;ngau;m/wpiz kuGg;ngau;m/wpiz kuGg;ngau;m/wpiz kuGg;ngau;m/wpiz kuGg;ngau;

Mz;Mz;Mz;Mz;Mz; ngz;ngz;ngz;ngz;ngz;

fspW gpb

Nrty; ngl;il / NgL

fLtd; ke;jp

vUJ gR

Nghj;J gpzh

fiy gpiz

fplha; ngl;il

kapy; msF

,uiy kiu

gd;wp gpzh

gapw;rp

,it Nghd;w NtW kuGg; ngau;fisr; NrfupAq;fs;. kuGg;ngau; ife;E}y; xd;wpidj; jahupAq;fs;.

,yf;fzk;

ngah;r;nrhy;

ahopdp> epyh> gr;ir> Nfhgk;> kyu;

nghwpfs;> nfhOk;G> ghyd;> kd;dhu;>

gbj;jy;> glk;> tl;lk;> gwit>

Nky;tUk; nrhw;fspy; egu;fspd; ngau;fs; nghUspd; ngau;fs;>

epwj;jpd; ngau;fs;> ,lj;jpd; ngau;fs;> gz;gpd; ngau;fs; vd;gd

,lk; ngw;Ws;sd.


vdNt>

ngau;r;nrhw;fs; rpy jdpj;Jtkhd gz;Gfisf; nfhz;Ls;sd> vd;gij

juk; 7 ,y; ePq;fs; fw;wpUf;fpwPu;fs;. mtw;iw Qhgfg;gLj;jpf;

nfhs;Sq;fs;.

1. ngau;r;nrhw;fspd; Kf;fpagz;G Ntw;Wik cUig Vw;gJ.

I> My;> F> ,d;> ,y;> mJ> fz; Nghd;wd Ntw;Wik

cUGfshFk;.

Xtpad; - vd;w ngau;r;nrhy; Ntw;Wik cUGfis Vw;W

gpd;tUkhW tUk;

2. ngau;r;nrhw;fs; ngauilfis Vw;Fk;

ey;y> Gjpa> nghpa> rpwe;j> vd;w milfis ngau;r;nrhy;

Vw;Fk;.

cjhuzkhf - kdpjd; vd;w ngau;r;nrhy;

¥¥¥¥¥ ey;y kdpjd;

¥¥¥¥¥ Gjpa kdpjd;

¥¥¥¥¥ nghpa kdpjd;

¥¥¥¥¥ rpwe;j kdpjd;

vd ngauilfs; Vw;W tUk;

3. ngau;r;nrhw;fs; vz;>vz;>vz;>vz;>vz;> Rl;L>Rl;L>Rl;L>Rl;L>Rl;L> tpdhtpdhtpdhtpdhtpdh milfis Vw;W tUk;.

¥¥¥¥¥ vz; milfsvz; milfsvz; milfsvz; milfsvz; milfs; - xU tPL> Kf;fz;> mWRit> Ie;jpiz

¥¥¥¥¥ Rl;L milfs;Rl;L milfs;Rl;L milfs;Rl;L milfs;Rl;L milfs; - me;j ebfd;> ,e;jg; ngz;

¥¥¥¥¥ tpdh milfs;tpdh milfs;tpdh milfs;tpdh milfs;tpdh milfs; - vj;jifa Xtpak;> ve;jg; igad;

ngau;r; nrhy; vd;gJ VjhtJ xd;wpd; ngaiu Fwpg;gJ. ngau;r; nrhy; vd;gJ VjhtJ xd;wpd; ngaiu Fwpg;gJ. ngau;r; nrhy; vd;gJ VjhtJ xd;wpd; ngaiu Fwpg;gJ. ngau;r; nrhy; vd;gJ VjhtJ xd;wpd; ngaiu Fwpg;gJ. ngau;r; nrhy; vd;gJ VjhtJ xd;wpd; ngaiu Fwpg;gJ.

¥¥¥¥¥ Xtpa

¥¥¥¥¥ Xtpadh y;y;y;y;y;

ididididid

FFFFF¥¥¥¥¥ XtpaDf;

dpy;dpy;dpy;dpy;dpy;¥¥¥¥¥ Xtpa NdNdNdNdNd¥¥¥¥¥ Xtpa

fz;fz;fz;fz;fz;¥¥¥¥¥ Xtpad;

¥¥¥¥¥ Xtpa dJdJdJdJdJ

dpd;dpd;dpd;dpd;dpd;¥¥¥¥¥ Xtpa


4. ngau;r;nrhw;fs; nghJthf MfMfMfMfMf> MfpMfpMfpMfpMfp vd;w tpFjpfisg; ngWk;.

¥¥¥¥¥ Mfp - Gayhfp> fijahfp

¥¥¥¥¥ Mf - nja;tkhf> mwpthf

juk; 7 ,y; ngau;r; nrhw;fspd; tiffs; gw;wp fw;Ws;sPu;fs;.

mtw;iw kPz;Lk; xU Kiw Qhgfg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Nthk;.

ngau;r; nrhy;ypd; tiffs;

¥¥¥¥¥ nghUl;ngau; - fy;> kz;> Flk;

¥¥¥¥¥ ,lg;ngau; - nfhOk;G> kd;dhu;> fz;b

¥¥¥¥¥ fhyg;ngau; - khu;fop;> rpj;jpiu

¥¥¥¥¥ rpidg;ngau; - kyu;> ,iy> fha;

¥¥¥¥¥ Fzg;ngau; - ePyk;> kQ;rs;> Nfhgk;

¥¥¥¥¥ njhopw;ngau; - nghupay;> XLjy;> mtpay;

¥¥¥¥¥ nghJtpy; ngau;r; nrhw;fs;

¥¥¥¥¥ VjhtJ xU nghUspd; ngaiu

¥¥¥¥¥ VjhtJ xU ,lj;jpd; ngaiu

¥¥¥¥¥ gfy;> ,uT> fpoik> khjk;> tUlk; Nghd;w fhyj;ij

¥¥¥¥¥ KOikapd; gFjpfis

¥¥¥¥¥ tbtk;> epwk;> Fzk; Mfpatw;iw

¥¥¥¥¥ njhopiyf; Fwpg;gjhf mikAk;.


gpd;tUk; ml;ltizia khjpupahff; nfhz;L xt;nthU tifg; ngau;r;

nrhw;fSf;Fk; gj;Jg; gj;J cjhuzq;fis vOJq;fs;.

nghUl;

ngau;

,lg;

ngah;

fhyg;

ngau;

rpidg;

ngau;

Fzg;

ngau;

njhopw;

ngau;

Fwpg;G :- tpdhf;fSf;fhd tpilfis ghlE}ypy; vOJtijj; jtpu;f;fTk;.

gpwf;fk; nghnj murdhdtd; language p...,ytrg; ghle}y; tpepnahfj;jpw;fhf 23 nkhopj;jpwd; tpuj;jpr;...

Documents