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Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
7/10/2007 © 2007 IBM Corporation
Silvio Weeren, Umweltfreundliche Produkte, Energieeffizienz und Standardisierung, CEA Europe
�Green� Data Center -Industrieaktivitäten
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation2 7/10/2007
Agenda
Green Grid – Best Practice
SPEC – Power Benchmarking
IEE Energie Effiziente Server
Climate Savers Computing – Effiziente Netzteile
Firmenaktivitäten – IBM Big Green / Green IT
Herausforderungen für “grünere”(?) RZ
3IBM Confidential IBM Confidential
Other44%
Planar4%
PCI3%
Memory11%
Processor30%
Standby2%
HDD6%
Lighting2%
Office Cooling1%
IT Load46%
Data Center Cooling
36%
Other12%
Cooling Plant3%
Servers50%
Network15%
Storage35%
! Storage is growing
! 40-80% of this is wasted
Aufteilung Energieverbrauch (typ. RZ)
4IBM Confidential IBM Confidential
TheGreenGrid.org – Best Practices für ein grünes RZ
! TheGreenGrid.org – seit 2Q06 – sehr breite Industriebeteiligung►Board: AMD, APC, Dell, HP, Intel, IBM, Microsoft, Rackable, Spraycool, Sun, VMWare►Plus >60 weitere Unternehmen
! Opportunity, Metric & Guideline Dokumente online! Aktive Arbeit im TC (50) in 4 Gruppen►Data collection and analysis (DC&A) – A customer facing group that will identify
problems and gaps currently in industry. (Lead by Rackable)►Technology and Strategy (T&S) – Given the problems identified by the DC&A group,
the T&S group will analyze the datacenter to look for different alternatives and new technology that will be useful to industry, all on a technical level. (Lead by Intel)
►Operational – This group will determine how to implement anything found by the T&S group. May determine standards in particular areas. (Lead by IBM)
►Metrics and Measurement (M&M) – Anything that is determined to need a specific measurement metric will be looked at by this group. (Lead by HP)
5IBM Confidential IBM Confidential
Green Grid - Metrik
! Was ist useful work??? In der Praxis viel schwierig als hier gezeigt!
Total Facility PowerPUE = DCE = 1 / PUE
IT Equipment Power
In Zukunft: DC Performance Efficiency (DCPE) = Useful Work / Total Facility Power
Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE)(1)
(1) Standard supported by Green Grid, originally published by Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, 2003(2) Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, 2006
Most energy efficient
Least energy efficient
1.5 3.52.0 2.5 3.0
Current (US)Objective (US)
(2)
Power Usage Effizienz (PUE)
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation6 7/10/2007
US EPA measurement protocol (11/06)
� Savings will be lower than visualised
� http://www.energystar.gov/ia/products/downloads/Finalserverenergyprotocol-v1.pdf
Basis for SPECpower with SPECjbb like work load
� No I/O or network � extreme CPU sensitive + memory!!
� Multi-JVM mode allows �free�scalability (Sun Niagara)
� Expected ~YE 07Variation problems
� Power supplies (5%), processors (10%), RAM (100%)
� Work load distributionAll benchmarks results have to be
taken with care
US EPA & SPECpower �Benchmarking�
Sample aggressive management savings7
7IBM Confidential IBM Confidential
ClimateSaversComputing.org
! Partnership to Drive Increased Energy Efficiency/Utilization in the Use of IT Equipment►Membership Consists of:
� IT Manufacturers: Dell, Intel, IBM, HP, Lenovo, Microsoft, …� IT Users: Google, Starbucks, Yahoo, EDS, …� Power Generators: Pacific Gas & Electric, …� NGOs and Public Groups: WWF, US EPA, WRI, …
►Commitments:� IT Manufacturers: Increase Power Supply & Motherboard Efficiencies
Over Time (2007: >80% PS -> 2010: >90% PS)� IT Users: Purchase Energy Star Computers and enable Power Saving
Features� Power Generators: Offer Incentives for High Efficiency IT� NGOs: Public Support and Education of Initiative
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation8 7/10/2007
Effizienz BladeCenter H
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Effizienz BladeCenter H
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ienz
%Effizienz von Netzteilen AC � DC 12VHoher Wirkungsgrad � geringe Abwärme
Typische Last� 40-70% normal� 20-35% redundant� �unterkonfiguriert� &
redundant (2S � 1 CPU)IBM Netzteile >80% ab 20%
� Erreicht BC / high end p / z� Ziel für alle neuen Server� Alle mit aktiver PFC
Gesamteffizienz niedriger� Ca. 70-80% (ohne UPS)� DC-DC Verluste ~10%
durch on-board Konverter
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation9 7/10/2007
Energieeffizienz = � = KlimaschutzIBM ist weltweit erfolgreich im Klimaschutz
~5 Millionen t CO2 = ~500 Millionen $ Einsparung in 10 JahrenReduktion: 1990-2005: 40% // 2005-2012 Ziel: -12%
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 20040
2
4
6
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% C
O2
Red
uktio
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IBM CO2 Reduktion IBM-WWF Reduktionsplan
IBM-WWF Klimaschutzprogramm4% Ziel für jährliche CO2 Reduktion bei IBM
durch Energiesparprojekte / erneuerbare Energie
Geheimnis:
ROI ~ 3 Jahre
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation10 7/10/2007
IEE Projekt E-Server -> efficient-server.eu
French Environment and Energy Management Agency
Development of the market for energy efficient servers
Fokus: Kunden Projekte – Demonstration Energieeinsparungen & Beschaffungskriterien
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation11 7/10/2007
2007 2008 2009
J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A
WP1 Management
WP2: Market description
WP3: Criteria
WP4: Technical options
WP5: Case studies
WP 6: Market tools
WP 7: Dissemination
IEE E-server Work Packages
http://www.efficient-server.eu
General energy saving potentials and barriers for market transformation
For the assessment and comparision of servers
and measurements to improve the energy efficiency in selected server categories
for energy efficiency servers
Development of concepts and instruments to support procurement of EE-Server
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation12 7/10/2007
Innovationen für EE Data Center
� �Project Big Green� - Initiative
� 1 Mrd $ pro Jahr Investment um Data Center EE bei IBM und den Kunden dramatisch zu steigern
� IBM erwartet die Kapazität der eignene Data Centers in 3J zu verdoppeln OHNE den Energieverbrauch zu steigern
� 5 Schritte für bessere Energie Effizienz
Diagnose, Build, Virtualize, Manage, Cool
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation13 7/10/2007
Project Big Green Ablauf
EEI Green Plan
1. Diagnose - Evaluate existing facilities -- energy assessment
2. Build: Plan, build or update to an energy efficient data center
3. Virtualize: Virtualize IT infrastructures and special purpose processors
4. Manage: Seize control with power management software
5. Cool: Exploit liquid cooling solutions
!Data Center Energy Efficiency Assessment- GTS!Optimized airflow assessment for cabling-GTS!Data Center Infrastructure Partner Offerings -GTS!Energy Efficiency Inventory-Lab Services!Server/Storage Energy Efficiency- Lab Services! Power Configurator- STG! Power Executive- STG!DC Strategy; Relocation; Specialized Services- GTS!Scalable Modular Data Center-GTS!Energy Efficiency Project Financing-IGF!Blue Gene -GES! Virtualization technologies – including mainframe, UNIX, x86, and storage - STG! IBM BladeCenter-STG! IBM Cell Broadband Engine-STG! WebSphere DataPower SOA Appliances-SWG!Strategic Architecture, Server, Storage Services- GTS
! Power Executive software- STG!Tivoli Monitoring- SWG!Usage and Accounting Manager-SWG!Environmental compliant /secure disposal-IGF
!Data Center Stored Cooling Solution - GTS!Rear Door Heat eXchanger- STG!Acoustic Door- STG!Side Car ( future) - STG
Energy Efficiency Initiative�Build a Green Plan
Big Green Project 5 Step Plan
Data CenterServices
EnvironmentallyResponsible
IBM CoolBluePortfolio
IBM CoolBluePortfolio
Energy Efficiency Initiative
14IBM Confidential IBM Confidential
Wesentliche Aspekte für ein “grünes RZ”
1 Definition einer Umweltstrategie / Umweltrequirements
6 Optimieren der Kühlung und Kälteversorgung
7 Entwicklung von Umweltkriterien für Beschaffung und Lieferantenbewertung
2 Messung und Analyse der IST-Parameter
4 Abschaltung nicht benötigter Geräte
5 Einsatz von skalierbarer und energieeffizienter Hardware
3 Ausbildung von „grünen“ Mitarbeitern
8 Konsolidierung und Virtualisierung von Servern
15IBM Confidential IBM Confidential
Die “echten” Probleme - Discussion
! Transformation Marketing/Presse -> Interesse -> Praxis! Kaum Nachfrage vom öffentlichen Sektor
! Integrierte Kommunikation zwischen IT – RZ – Gebäude Management muss gelernt / gefördert werden
! Kommunikation Umweltexperten mit Server/IT/RZ Experten
! Gesamtes Thema SEHR komplex – Kunden suchen nach einfacheren Lösungen
! Prioritäten zur Lösung:►1. Auslastung optimieren mit Consolidierung / Virtualisierung►2. Intelligentes, effizientes Design (HW, DC Layout, Kühlung, ….)►3. Dynamisches Power Management►4. Effiziente Software
! Offene Themen aus den Vorträgen:►Graue Energie?►BladeCenter – Problem oder Lösung (vs. 1U)►Multi Core? Tradeoffs
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation16 7/10/2007
HW EE � Natürliche Optimierung an beiden Enden
Mobile Geräte� Geringe Auslastung� Optimales Power Management
Blue Gene -Super Computer
� 100% Auslastung� Optimale HW Effizienz � Kein Power Management nötig
Dual Core PowerPC440 with 700MHz @ 15W Performance PC@ 150W
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation17 7/10/2007
Green500.org SupercomputerEnergie Effizienz = Linpack Leistung / Watt
� Erster Versuch von Green500.org (Nov 2006)Offene Punkte: peak power statt real powerBasis Linpack Benchmark - nicht relevant für alle Super Computer Anwendungen
Alpha 1,25GHz1,3610,213,8840ASC Q (HP)8
NEC3,0111,935,8614Earth Simulator (NEC)7
Power3 375MHz3,582,047,30490ASC White (IBM)6
Power5 1,9GHz9,977,675,763ASC Purple (IBM)5
Itanium 1,6 GHz15,263,451,874(8)Columbia (SGI)4
XT3/Opteron32,671,33143,4810Jaguar-Cray XT3 (Cray)3
PowerPC970 2,3GHz58,231,07162,635MareNostrum(IBM)2
PowerPC440 700 MHz112,242,5280,61(+3)BlueGene/L (IBM) 1
ProcessorMflops/ Watt
Peak Power(kWatts)
Linpack Rmax (GFlops)
TOP500RankMachine (vendor)
Green500 Rank
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation18 7/10/2007
Innovationen für Energie Effizienz
System designsLeadership computepower per kilowatt
VirtualizationStandard feature in most systems
BladeCenter®
Energy Efficiency from the ground up
Power Architecture™Processor efficiency management
X-Architecture™Processor efficiency management
! IBM Director with PowerExecutive! Power Configurator to plan your
power usage
! Leadership virtualization capabilities extend beyond simple partitioning
! Tivoli® Enterprise Management
Calibrated Vector coolingReduces wasteful air movement
IBM power suppliesMeasurement built in
Rear Door Heat ExchangerThermal management innovation
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation19 7/10/2007
IBM PowerExecutivetm
The Knowledge to Make Better DecisionsOptimize and manage datacenter power and cooling
� Intelligence and control to manage datacenter server power utilization
� Combination of hardware, system logic and group management tools
Remove datacenter power management guess work
� Actual power draw, not conservative �label/spec power� estimates
More accurate datacenter planning helps maximize performance
� Power control capability ensure datacenter robustness within fixed power envelopeSave power with power managment
� Power capping limits the power whilelow impact on performance (1Q07)
� Dynamic Volatage & Frequency changes reduce power if performance is not needed
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation20 7/10/2007
Managing Power with PowerExecutive
Label Power
Over Allocated
A graph of power consumed by the server over time.!Today, label power is the only option within the server -> overprovisioning
Power
(watts)
Sec Time "
# Power Exec Trending (weeks, months) "
Set Max 2
Max 2
Savings
!Set Max 2 Power Limit � Less conservative, more delay
Max 1
Savings
Set Max 1Peak work delayed
!Set Max 1 Power Limit � Very conservative, little delay
Control Power MaximumsReduce Power Margins � Maximize perf/watt
Savings allocated to next server purchased
Centralized Measurements and MonitoringChassis, Rack, Room, Building etc
!Get good power estimate from power configurator
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation21 7/10/2007
Measurem
ents, alertsA
lloca
tions
, pol
icie
s
PowerExecutive
PowerExecutive� in the System StackFacilities Management / HVAC/Power
Services (GTS Practice, Other Providers)
Enterprise Management (Tivoli, OpenView, Unicenter)
Autonomic Managers (eWLM, WebSphere XD)
Management Module or HMCIBM Director
IBM SystemsHardware, Hypervisor, OS
Plan Manage
IBM System � Cool BlueTM
© 2003 IBM Corporation22 Template DocumentationIBM Cool Blue | © 2006 IBM Corporation IBM Internal Use
7/10/2007
System 1
APP
1
APP
2
10% busy1KW
System 2
AP
P 3
APP
4
10% busy1KW
Advanced Virtualization
APP
5
APP
6
70% busy4KW
APP
1
APP
2
AP
P 3
APP
4
Energy Management Policy ExampleServer Consolidation Conserves Energy
System 8
APP
7
APP
8
10% busy1KW
APP
7
APP
8…
Server consolidation exploiting virtualization is a very effective tool in reducing energy costs
Total Power 8KW Total Power 4KW
IBM System � Cool BlueTM
© 2003 IBM Corporation23 Template DocumentationIBM Cool Blue | © 2006 IBM Corporation IBM Internal Use
7/10/2007
Energy Management Stack
IBM Systems & Storage
Virtualization VirtualizationServers Storage
Enterprise Management (Tivoli, others)
Management Autonomics
Systems Director
EWLMPower - Performance
EWLMPower - Performance
STG
LA
B a
nd
GTS
Serv
ices
Facilities Power & Cooling Infrastructure
TPMPower - Deployment
TPMPower - Deployment
Measurem
ents, alerts
Allo
catio
ns, p
olic
ies
STGDev & Services
SWG
Partners
CCMDB IntegrationCCMDB Integration ITM / TEP SupportITM / TEP Support Facilities Integration(Maximo)
Facilities Integration(Maximo)
MMPeXPeX
Monitor / AlertMonitor / AlertDeployDeploy
OptimizeOptimizeMaintainMaintainAnalyzeAnalyze Po
wer
Po
wer
Power Executive adds power
component to Director Services
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© 2007 IBM Corporation24 7/10/2007
Steigender RZ IT Energieverbrauch / Fläche
Industry Updated 2/2005Published by ASHRAE
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation25 7/10/2007
Entwicklung Server Markt WW (IDC)
$0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
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2003
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Installed Base(M Units)
Spending(US$B)
New Server SpendingPower and Cooling
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IDC Presentation, The Impact of Power and Cooling on Data CenterInfrastructure, Doc #201722, May 2006
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation26 7/10/2007
Who drives Energie Efficiency? (EU)
Competitione.g. HP, Sun
EPA ConferenceCebit: T1 vs xSeries
Marketing of Eco Efficiency
CustomersProblems with
computer densitycooling & energy
costs
PoliticsClimate Protection EU EuP Directive
eco-design, energy useGreen Procurement
Energy Star
NGOs
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation27 7/10/2007
Wie wird IT Energie Effizienz gemessen?
EE = Anwendungsleistung / Watt & Faktor für Auslastung / Nutzungsgrad� Utilisation IBM IGS: 50% < 10% & 90% < 20%
Welches System? Server – Speicher – back/front end – USV & KlimatisierungWelcher Benchmark ist der beste?
� SPECint, SPECfp, SPECweb, SPECjbb, Linpack, TPC-C/-H, SAPS, �)
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation28 7/10/2007
Power & Cooling are Complex Issues
� There is no single fix. A holistic approach is needed! � IBM is working on this issue for it�s clients on every level
- we are delivering the most comprehensive power and cooling strategy available
Server level cooling
Moore’s Law
Rack level cooling
Low Voltage
Smarter design
Function Density
Datacenter Improvement
Airflow increases
Utilization
Current Leakage
Power Management
Power & Cooling Energy Efficiency
Initiative
Virtualization
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© 2007 IBM Corporation29 7/10/2007
Hot Spot Area
Air Conditioning Units
Server Racks
Data Center Hot Spots
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation30 7/10/2007
Coolblue Solution
Rear Door Heat Exchanger
Cool Blue Solution to Hot Spots
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© 2007 IBM Corporation31 7/10/2007
�IBM Site and Facilities Servicesprovides the expertise to implement, integrate and automate the client combined Site and IT environmentsto help in the creation of an optimized, highly resilient and efficient business infrastructure.
Site and Facilities
"Where IT and the Building Meet"
S&F
Datacenter Design and Build Solutions! Been in business since 1986! Design and built over 30 million SF of
raised floor! Mechanical & Electrical Engineers, Space
planners and PM’s on staff► Most with over 20 years experience
! Access to product engineers! Access to research and development
IBM Site and Facilities ServicesProviding Datacenter Solutions
PlanBudget Buy Save
Kontakt: Thomas Tauer/Germany/IBM
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© 2007 IBM Corporation32 7/10/2007
Highlights of IBM�s Operational Leadership in Climate Protection
Present GoalFurther extend IBM�s early accomplishments by reducing CO2emissions associated with IBM�s energy use 12% from 2005 to 2012 via energy conservation, use of renewable energy, and/or funding CO2 emissions reductions with Renewable Energy Certificates or comparable instruments.
Present GoalFurther extend IBM�s early accomplishments by reducing CO2emissions associated with IBM�s energy use 12% from 2005 to 2012 via energy conservation, use of renewable energy, and/or funding CO2 emissions reductions with Renewable Energy Certificates or comparable instruments.
Early ResultsEarly Results Awards & Recognition
Early Support for Disclosure
S i n c e i n c e p t i o nS i n c e i n c e p t i o n
Charter member 2003Charter member 2003
CHARTERMEMBER
2002
CHARTERMEMBER
2002
Business EnvironmentalLeadership Council
Business EnvironmentalLeadership Council
USEPA Climate Protection Award
1998 and 2006
40% Between 1990 and 2005, IBM’s global energy conservation actions reduced or avoided CO2 emissions by an amount equal to 40% of its 1990 emissions.
Chartermember
2000
Chartermember
2000
WRI GREEN POWER MARKET DEVELOPMENT GROUP
Charter member 2000
WRI GREEN POWER MARKET DEVELOPMENT GROUP
Charter member 2000
FORTUNE 500 Top 20
2004, 2005, 2006
FORTUNE 500 Top 20
2004, 2005, 2006
Computer ProgramCharter
member 1992
Computer ProgramCharter
member 1992
1605(b) voluntary emissions reporting
S i n c e 1 9 9
1605(b) voluntary emissions reporting
S i n c e 1 9 9 5
Green Power Purchaser Award2 0 0 6
Green Power Purchaser Award2 0 0 6
20052005
‘98, ‘99, ‘01‘98, ‘99, ‘0120052005
1998Become the first semiconductor company to set a numerical target for PFC emissions reduction
600
500
400
300
200
100
02000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
58%
1998Became the first semiconductor company to set a numerical target for PFC emissions reduction
600
500
400
300
200
100
02000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
58%
The ClimateGroup
2005
The ClimateGroup
2005
The ClimateGroup
2005
Corporate Environmental Affairs Europe
© 2007 IBM Corporation33 7/10/2007
Project Big Green Scope
IBM Corp.EPA�s Top Awards
Reduced CO2 by 40%
$1B per year investment
Will avoid 5 billion kilowatts
Utilities/GovernmentPG&E collaboration Mobile Measurement Technology
EEI Incentive Finder
Intelligent Oil Field
IndustryGreen Grid
EPA study of Energy Efficiency (EE)
Blade.org
Customers30 years of experience to learn
from IBM Project Financing�green-team�
5 steps process
Energy Efficiency Initiative
Data CenterServices
EnvironmentallyResponsible
IBM CoolBluePortfolio
IBM CoolBluePortfolio