GSIGSI のの FAIRFAIR 計画計画

織田勧2005年 6月 3日 (金 )

CNS若手コロキウム

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GSIGSI とはとは Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung重イオン加速器を用いて様々な研究を行なっている研究所

ダルムシュタット（ Darmstadt）はドイツの中部南西寄りにある中規模の都市

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GSIGSI とは（つづき）とは（つづき） Foundation : 1969 Associates : Federal Republic of Germany (90%), State of Hessen (10%) Member : Helmholtz Association Task : Construction and operation of accelerator facilities and research of heavy acce

lerated ions. Budget : 70 Mio Euro per year Staff : 850 employees, including 300 scientists and engineers Capital equipment :

– Linear accelerator UNILAC– Heavy ion synchrotron SIS– Experiment storage ring ESR– Fragment separator FRS– High-energy/high-efficiency laser PHELIX (being constructed)– Several large systems of spectrometers and detectors– Medical irradiation unit for cancer therapy

Scientific Cooperation : Users of the GSI facilities are predominantly non-resident scientists, mainly from German Universities (totalling over 1,000 scientists per year).World-wide cooperation with approximately 150 institutes from over 30 countries.

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GSIGSI の現在の施設の現在の施設

High Current Linear Accelerator 15MeV/u

Heavy Ion Synchrotron 1-2GeV/u

Storage Ring

Fragment Separator

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GSIGSI で発見された原子核で発見された原子核Atomic number

Name Symbol Generation Half-life

107 Bohrium Bh February 25, 1981 17s

108 Hassium Hs March 14, 1984 14s

109 Meitnerium Mt August 29, 1982 42ms

110 Darmstadtium Ds November 9, 1994 56ms

111 Roentgenium Rg December 8, 1994 6.4ms

112 prel. Ununbium

Uub February 9, 1996 0.6ms

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FAIRFAIR とはとは ?? Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research 加速器を増設・増強し、蓄積リングを建設する

ビームの強度・エネルギーを大幅に向上させる– 1.5 GeV/u U28+ 1012/s (現在の 100-1000倍 )– 34 GeV/u U92+ 109/s– 29 GeV p 1013/s (最大 90 GeV)

ビーム冷却、加速、減速をする 広いエネルギー領域で、エネルギーの良く定まった、大量の 2次ビーム (RI, 反陽子 (3-14.5GeV))を利用できる

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FAIRFAIR での物理での物理 Nuclear Structure Physics and Nuclear Astrophysics with RI Beams

– Structure of exotic nuclei far off stability– Nuclear synthesis in stars and star explosions– Fundamental interactions and symmetries

Hadron Physics with Antiproton Beams– Quark gluon structure and dynamics of strong interacting particles– Origin of the confinement and mass of hadrons

Physics of Nuclear Matter with Relativistic Nuclear Collisions– Studies of hadronic matter at high densities– Phase transitions in quark matter– Properties of neutron stars

Plasma Physics with Highly Bunched Beams– Bulk matter at very high pressures, densities, and temperatures : Fusion and massive stars

Atomic Physics and Applied Science– Highly charged atoms : High field QED– Low energy antiprotons : Anti-Matter– Laser cooling

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FAIRFAIR でどんな実験をやるのでどんな実験をやるのかか ??

Nuclear Structure and Nuclear Astrophysics (NUSTAR)– Low Energy Branch (LEB)

• HISPEC High-resolution In-Flight Spectroscopy• DESPEC Decay Spectroscopy with Implanted Ion Beams• MATS Precision Measurements of very short-lived Nuclei using an Advanced Trapping Syste

m for highly-charged Ions• LASPEC Laser Spectroscopy for the Study of Nuclear Properties• NCAP Neutron Capture Measurements• Exo+pbat Antiprotonic Radioactive Nuclides

– High Energy Branch (R3B)• A Universal Setup for Kinematical Complete Measurements of Reactions with Relativistic Be

ams– Ring Branch (STORIB)

• ILIMA Study of Isomeric Beams, Lifetimes and Masses• EXL Exotic Nuclei Studied in Light-Ion Induced Reactions at the NESR Storage Ring• ELISe Electron-Ion Scattering in a Storage Ring (e-A Collider)• pbarA Antiproton-Ion Collider : A tool for the Measurement of Neutron and Proton rms radii

of Stable and Radioactive Nuclei• PIONIC Seprvtroscopy of Pionic Atoms with Unstable Nuclei

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FAIRFAIR でどんな実験をやるのでどんな実験をやるのかか ?? （つづき）（つづき）

QCD– ASSIA Study of Spin-dependent Interactions with Antiprotons– CBM Compressed Baryonic Matter Experiment– DIRAC Tests of Low energy QCD– PANDA Strong Interaction Studies with Antiprotons– PAX Anti-Proton Scattering Experiments with Polarization

Atomic Physics, Plasma Physics and Application (APPA)– Laser Cooling of Highly Charged Ions at SIS 100/300– FLAIR A Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and Ion Research– Anti-deuteron Breeding in a Double Ring Collider– SPARC Stored Particles in Atomic physics Research– HEDGEHOB High Energy Density matter Generated by Heavy-iOn Beams– Applications of Relativistic Ions in Radiobiology and Space Research– Materials Research with Relativistic Heavy Ion Beams– Radiative Properties of War Dense Matter

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CBM

Plasma Physics

Atom PhysicsHigh E

Low E

FLAIR

PANDA

e-A

SIS100

SIS300

FAIRFAIR とはとは ?? （つづ（つづき）き）

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SIS100 (Synchrotron 100Tm)– Accelerates heavy ions/proto

ns – Fast extraction to SIS300 or

RIB/Antiproton target SIS300 (Synchrotron 300Tm)

– Accelerates heavy ions to high energies

– Slow extraction SuperFRS (Fragment Separator)

– Analyses and separates secondary beams

CR/RESR (Collector Ring Complex)

– Collects secondary beams– Antiproton Storage– Stochastic cooling– Fast deceleration of RIBs

NESR (New Experimental Storage Ring)

– Electron cooling– In-beam experiment with RI

B and Primary beam– e-A collision

HESR (High Energy Storage Ring)

– Antiproton Storage

このトラペからかなり多くの部分を引用させてもらっています。11/24

FAIRFAIR ってって RIBFRIBF と似てるねと似てるね

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最高強度

最大エネルギー←最高強度のとき

FAIRFAIR ってって J-PARCJ-PARC とも似てとも似てるねるね

J-PARC( 茨城県東海村 )

–ニュートリノ・ K中間子・ストレンジネス・中性子・ミューオン・核変換

– 15 A

~1014p/s (50GeV)

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FAIR– 反陽子・重イオン・プラズマ物理・原子物理

– 1013p/s (30GeV)

600MeV

いつ作るのいつ作るの ?? 予算は予算は ??

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Building and infrastructure 225 M EURO

Accelerator 265M EURO

Experimental stations and detectors 185 M EURO

Total 675 M EURO= 895億円

NUSTARNUSTAR Super FRS : NIM B 204 (2003) 71.

– FRSと比べてMomentum acceptanceが 7倍、Angular acceptanceが 3倍に増えて、 resolving powerは同じ

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RR33BB 数百MeV/uの高エネルギーだと下記の利点がある– 標的を厚くできる (1g/cm2)– ブーストされるので検出器を小さくできる

– 反応機構を定量的に記述できる

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Reaction with Relativistic Radioactive Beams– Total-absorption measurements – Elastic p scattering – Knockout– Quasi-free scattering– Electromagnetic excitation– Charge-exchange reactions– Fission– Spallation– Projectile fragmentation and multifr

agmentation

CsI or NaI

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HISPECHISPEC Low energy branch

(3-100 MeV/u)– Multiple Coulomb ex

citation– Direct reactions – Fusion evaporation – Fragmentation

AGATA (Advance Gamma Tracking Array)

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ELISe (Storage ring, e-A collider)ELISe (Storage ring, e-A collider) Structure of exotic nuclei

– Elastic (e, e)– Inelastic (e, e’)– Quasi-free (e, e’C), (e, e’N)

Parameters Electron ring Ion ring (NESR)

Circumference 45.215 m 187.717 m

Energy 200-500 MeV 200-740 MeV/u

Number of bunches

6-8 36-42

e- / ions per bunch

5×1010 ~107

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CBMCBM Compressed Baryon Matter Experiment

初期の素過程反応で生成されるハドロンが 1 fm/c 程度の生成時間の後に再び衝突を起こすことができるため、平衡へと向かいつつある高バリオン密度の状態を作ることが出来る

In-medium modification of hadrons , ,→e+e-, D

Strangeness in matter– K, , , ,

Indications of deconfinement at high baryon density– J/, D

Critical point– Event-by-event fluctuation

Color Superconductivity

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CBM (cont.)CBM (cont.) Radiation hard Silicon pixel/strip detectors in a dipole magnetic field. Electron detectors : RICH, TRD and ECAL, pion suppression up to 105

Hadron identification : TOF(RPC), RICH Measurement of photons, 0, and : ECAL High speed data acquisition and trigger system

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PANDAPANDA

Charmonium spectroscopy Search for gluonic excitation Search for modification of meson properties in the nucle

ar medium Precision gamma-ray spectroscopy of single and double

hypernuclei Proton Form Factor at large Q2

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SPARCSPARC NESR The New Experimental Storage Ring FLAIR A Facility for Low-energy Antiproton a

nd Ion Research High-Energy Cave Atomic Physics, Bio Physic

s, and Materials Science Highly-charged heavy ions can be decelerated in

the NESR down to the MeV/u region and extracted toward a fixed target area.

Atomic reactions with highly-charged ions at low velocities will be performed

X-ray spectroscopic and laser techniques will be applied.

Connected to the fixed target area will be the HITRAP facility, where ions can be decelerated down to almost rest and captured into a trap system for precision measurements.

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まとめまとめ原子核物理の多くの分野を研究できる施設がドイツに建設される予定

実験開始は 2011年頃実験の準備が進行中

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