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7/24/2019 Hanyu Jiaocheng Dierce Shang - CELE 3

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the

object

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text

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temperature

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15/176

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14s'

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7

"

W""

can be placed

either before the verb

or before

the complement,

e. g.

,

,.-

(

6

)

4&-vY

4

4+*T

"

/

4&,+

4+

rb

*.

if

"

(7)

*.4x-

vu,4t.*4++

"

/#,+k*4+vy,{&+

"

/t; ffi

"*", "'4+*".

**7"

+##.FU:."

t|in,

.7.

bv,


17/176

When we

want to

tell the difference of

things

in

a rough

rraffrer,

we use

"*,R)L"

(

tr-b"

for

Limited difference,

and"$"

,

"4+9"

-

"*7"

for huge fference,

.8.

(

8

)

i)4+R-^

R-vuJb,t

n4"-,F*

JL?

(e)

i*.'f+tbfll(4+

9

-t

"

(

10)

*t&,4+ b*.'l*,4+

?

"

,,bL"

68

*IFH",

AE

"AYV"

"

MIJfuN

The

negative

form

for

"

l("

is

"

]ftfi-"

,

not

"

/bL"

,

e.

8-

(11

)

a+/rtb

r(+,1*.

---+

r(+tt4-n

+J'I*o

(12)

/Lb+Rjio

---+

+Xjk-/ii"

(

13

)

X-vu'ftUfi

"

-+

F.

)k-

X*

"

"7yv,"

" AAL|..

(14)

A

B

(15)

A

B

8......"

is

only used

to

express disagreement

or

refutation.

*"fr4evY'-h-tu

"

*"x

vu4,a

"

?"{nm -^

9

"

+X-.L

vU,Jb,

t{fr"

.

4X,

}i+^vY-U',814".

@

e

H/;ftHB

(EL/FA)

+frtFrl

...as...as.../not

as-..as...

thn]

"A'

tz\S-

'f"

The

verb

uH"

may be

used

to

denote

"as...

as...

"

.8.


18/176

FX,*H

TBt hlEIF.

l{

;

6

*,*ffi f

ffis.

The

affirmative form

is

normally

used

in

questions

or rhetorical

questions while the

negative

form

is

used mostly

in

indicative

sentences, e.

g.

(

1)

A:

**'4R

(sZ

)

"4t

*,r4.*\

('a)

"

4&iLtr.+

4+,F"

A

++?

B:

#"rk4,+*4+

(fllsA)

*f

.

(3)

*"4nrF/L+RrA.rS.,U

('LA)

A.

w

"E".fH

'Et" "E

(more)"

and

"

(most)"

.Ezs

vY,lJit"

i(

*-vu,E-iio

i(-

8-&x"

B

(2)

A

J

j1+

vY,

A

4i

+

,lk

"

a

+/r

vY,i.1+

E-,bt

o

a

+tL&,|*..

ww

Rlbffi

"

-9.

g#

/ b+Rq-.

/.


19/176

nt of

quantity

bL

&s

+2

il

fr

.

fE tr

E'f+

5lJ

Ft

ffi

ffi

+

I'

iF

"

&

+

l'

iF

g

rtMEME

i-'l

iFJS'

A

complement

of quantity

is

used

to

show

specific

difference(s)

in

quantity

or

de-

between

two

things.

A

complement

of this type is

placed

after

an

adjective.

The

order:

(

(

1)

y

vY-,*"a,4+'l*.f+4.+"

2)

4vV

tr"

tr"

Xr

y

.

Hn 6ltzs/*FX,

Exclamatory r".r,"rraes

express exclamations.

@

x,rg

+M

t

(too)

/H

(.)

+

Adjective

(1)

Ji.*fT

(2)

l*t

(3)

'ii.,rUtt4

/*FN6J

ffiTlEXNffi5

"

MJ n,

Exclamatory sentences

are

not used

in

objective

descriptions,

e.

g.

^Eifi,

z

*

4k-

+

+*?t,

*rf

"

"

jar{",

4fr-*

+4k*?

frI

+')F

.

W

fite

+ft26ld

*T

(so)

/

*

(how)

+

Adjective

.

10.


20/176

trxHn

"

[FE["

o

Exclamatory

sentences

with

the

pattern

often

have

an

"

[[ ]"

at

the

end,

e. g.

(

1

)

4,8

4+

t

*f-"H

(2)

4-z}E*f

7FE'FI

(3

)

4&"fr,

i*.-{_gtrt4t1;t

E

4+

9

*t,W

I

Eil#.a

Lidnx

@

Exercises

ffih

iF'

Phonetics

(

1)

+#$+iJE

Pronunciations and

tones

chngshi

chngsh

tinqi

didnqi

ybdo

yibdo

qiwn

qwn

fdndidn

fngjin

chdngpidn

chngjidn

mngq

mngqi

lixng

lxng

(2)

BEi*

Read out

the following

phrases

{A

t*.*.

FJ&

i,El#-

#$

a4+t

xi+g

+t4+4

t4+g

)*;i4+4

-K+rtlbR+,R

i(

+fkn+A,i*

w

#lblK

#,+4+*t

rK

#jkw

#+4+*t

hrt,rp,l+'b*",i*

i

.r+ra,4+ybt_.fug:1*.

4x:'v'HF

knfr"

+khlJ

navu,BFR

ffi

tr-

gA

Substitution

exercises

(

1)

A:

+4t.

Al+?

B:

f4tblrls++f

".

.

11

.


21/176

(2)

A

B

(3)

A

B

A{+ii

:'v'nr4*fr,4t

i*4+rA.

n14+fr

"

nF)L#-te

uaagt

vY,lV,,-ft4+

t

.

.

12.


22/176

(4)

*"Bi"gliruf"

(s)

A

B

(6)

A

B

41,4t#*4i*tt

#,ik+,4+*t.

4kvu''-

ilLY

?

XffrY

"

(*"rU4.*tffrg.)

.

13.


23/176

#

tiag*

Choose

the

right

words

to fill in

the

blanks

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

4&.

+\4n A*#r+f-lbiL

*"4n

l t-

4&-,fr-*

,tX-i

+&-q

r^6&fr

"

*;k_

4&nF

A

+;kR{t,

E*--_{-str

+*fr

R-fcrL'F.

f+*f'Ft

+"

,

*

fr-Hft.

,m,-g

X-tl,-vY'&

,

(s)

(6)

(7)

(8)

*"-rk-

4t

"

o

Jb

it

Bdi",fll

nF

tt'

*"*n*nrt,*\"

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

14.

4k+r*

'M]'Y,'*"fu+

i{.4+{ th.nv-]'un 4+

E 4+

#J

fr.l'uflfs4+

B

-I'rniePblb

*tsvu*,fu41

+kklliftv\wF

X


24/176

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(s)

(6)

(7)

(8)

66-+R*rslLnk

_f

t)t,

+ir

+t

_f

t)tf

"

/6

l

;t*"iA."f't,

/g_nx,*&-,

*Toh?

*,F

nfrj

-@,

&_ort,l"

LJ*\%*f

--,

+X-*.

*f

-.^.

&fr_4k

r

N.fr

,

+\{n_e

#*ioe

"

L),Kf

,

A_Fl

,

"

4tr,fr-z^-&-*f

?"

4f.-

ztL&_*,

h++_t*T

"

jtrFt

i+'ix

4&fr

_t

x_

z

A:

*""44t,,

4&,.

A^g

E7

B:

xtn*9,

d,(t"f&*Yf",

itot-.

A:

4&

--h-'t

Xt

B

:

fr

--l

,

4

E&I4t

vo,

"fu

"

A: *,)fr,

.Lb

9#,4

*S*..f&-

t

Xl

'

B:4t.rk*Fltk

,ltl,

TZ_*L,

;l*f-6

P

ov-,,

fetE

Ji-l&

T

.

A:

*,+41,t

+

4lfr_f

,k-fi?

B:

AXfr

'FY-,"

4t9J+*

f

-*E_.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(s)

(6)

(7)

(8)

itiFiFi,*

tt

4t,

*jk-fr_"

.15.


25/176

S

*m.glJtll4+

t

Practise

after the models

B:

A:

B:

flls

lg&

vu

d.

/A

e

-Ft

20

*.-"

@

**if

Complete

the following

dialogues

(1)

A:

'nfE.g&a?

.-

^

o

?

.

16.

zJrlK

zJr4

ujrE

Hffi

180cm

l75crr'

170cm

,f+E

70kg

65kg

60kg

ffiffi

100

j)

es1'

eo

tl

E+

1,

+|ffitr

24

++

r

hffiE

22

++

1,

+ffiE

20

++


26/176

(2)

?

A

B

A

B

JtFIK'a&"4?

&irrb,$&

&irrbr$&

n$#

j

fr,4t

$.

s

ru

i*.

'b

fsooTl

W

T60o-l

ffi

3)

A:

B:

A:

B:

la630Oz}E

.17-

A:

9tf67-

F*f

+,4?


27/176

o

?

B:

A:

B:

,K

I

VV,*#J

,g-f

f

vY'9ttT

5

z},t

"

.

A:

B:

A:

B:

h-rt'vut9ffifu4'+'4?

hfr,vur5ffi

uft,*g

h,vvr4i6

E,*g

@

?IffiCJ

Conect

the sentences

(

1)

4&,4t1t1

*:vVv\ffilk*T

"

(2)

r4

rF

t

-r

ti"tfrbv#"+

f

l\tfr*T

.

(3)

*,nfr,yu"*|ii

9

"

(4

)

F' X'

'b*.

^

-r3r

.

(s)

18.

4-4ntb*.4ll

6+4++"


28/176

(6)

-, b+\-,.JL.

@

ffiTE*B,HREI#T'

Iqru

Answer

the

questions

according

to

actual

situations

(

1

)

Jb,:r.-Xa-8

f

L4

,

4k4l

A

Ti

4-X- bJb;tA"4t

(2)

4&.lrilt#.

t,

Pb

f

tr

4q.

Gi.,4?

(3)

i+

ii+

10000

t

+

4-,

4h4

++i.l

+A

vbi+

n+

g,ht

(4)

,4ffii+*tf

9s

^,

4t.+4+ybr,*T,q?

(s)

Ff,**+-t1fab5

ts

t;rg

,

4&q4+vv4&-'l*.,h?

(6)

4-

7

,*.

45

+ltl&g,

4,v1tEtl4++,q?

(7)

,h+'=E

?Af

i+

,

k#r+*.+

vVlg,42

(8)

Y

4Xry,1#-+,J.Fl

,

4,kffi**

sif,J

'bJ&"q?

.

19.


29/176

#

i*eiH

Read

and express

EAE

nF

f-nft.I*.xt

y

":nX.,,frnfr,*"f[

++i.

)-

+^A,

flF+,}

W

4y,

4&,rY,?

fr,,

4&

Lb

h-

+

4+*t

.

.

'f

H

?:*

k4f^

+

4+

-

t+

,

4RiF

4"

'fr

h

i**Ts)k-4e*4+*t,

x

4+f

80

+.

fsEF

t

vft

q

&)k-**t

,

V,tra+

^+E

"

*fr,t

*Tl

,

6iX-+1H,f

"

+\El

'f6,

Ht-4+A*tflZ

*,-*ti

)l"h?

Lln-E,

t *

o

&rX,

d.

,

9

)fi

{&

+h 4E

+

+xn,

"

fr.,

L,h?

el)fr

r,-raxfrr

?

4Fn-,

gf

,tElri.,

*.;xf+gffitpLfx"

fr-k,

*"E4ftx{f

--A'qffi,'ft-4>4f

Atfr{t.

frf

ut

.

,

fit

&.

EtJ

n

{f+

+h4*fr

fr

"

ilfr.,

4,*t

flnF

H

fn{"4?

.23-


33/176

rBE':

l'

,

*"

x

--r'l

f

E

lfr {,R

)+fr.

frfr.=

*"R4f,

^-t+,

4t,+1k*#J,

\rk?;rTtrr

"

*.x"If

tr

rr-

+

f

ikr/.

.

#r

-*t*F4Va

i+fr

"

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

13.

14.

.

15.

-

24.

12.

coulltlry

-qame

tirne

difl'erence

night

seasn

spring

sulmer

eutumn

bot

cold

(

of tlie

n'ind)

winil

to

snolt

snow

lo

l:lc"nv

tc t'aur

not

only.

.

.

but

alst:

to

get

roi:ri;

mark

4+

El

ei-q

shnsc

ffi

l\ew

words

i,

a4

'.,

4f

*T

.

->

4s-

+F

+

()

E

()

4k

(R)

tls

A

+'J,fxt

,fiL

-T.F

ta

,-.'l-

a

T

44e-..

_L...

l'4t

)

(tri)

(#)

()

1 -l\

\4:t

)

(&)

{E)

()

ff))

(M)

(rr

{

F*)

()

r

-H-t

)

guji

yyng

shch

y

jrj

chn

(

tin)

xid

(

tion

)

qi

(

tion)

r

lng

guo

teng

fng

xid

xu

;

xu

xi

y

bddn...rqi

d

fn


34/176

16.

"fr8

17.

,q

18.

*

-*

ie.

)fr

**

20.

fE

21.

'r

flft

zz.

ryn

23.

x

-&-

24.

*

zs.

rt

S

26.

f.ik

27.

-hJ

I

ai;i

)

({rl

{.th)

\

4:1

)

t'$)

{

:'..}1

.

(

i*t,)

\."ii/"")

(ji,

(

i)

| +tt

'{::

}

tTngxi

zhum

chuqu

llshT

chnshng

huc

ynji

zhishl

lo

gig

kifng

yqi

It

dir:lrt:

wrlr.:k**nr-i

to

go rlut

hisiory

tc

give

rise

t*

t*

br"ing al:tr:t

all:iinr


35/176

isi*

Yf

ffi

G.a**',

-ffi

Comparative

sentences:

SR......*/#17-ffi

be

like

(same

as)

/ unlike

IIiFH

"A

rBR

B

-t+"

*tbfi #RfHlE"

"A

ER

B

--f+":

A is

same

as B, e. g.

ffiffi@

q4*9t1,&

500

L

-+

&4+

+-'\kflls4+41r4\-

l+

"

,J'J-

20

y

-->,1'-aR,J',

lK-++ii"

*"Erk'fr+6

---+

}sRr\

-r++gk,t+

tr,

"

.

26.

B

,

n14i'-r\.-fr_500

L

,J'.lK

20

y

*&,.+gk,fr

R


36/176

"A

ER

B

Z.-t+"

*rttfi R^l

"

Mla,

"A

rgp

B

/-t+":

A is

not

same

as,/

different

from

B,

e. g.

A

B

flls4+;XTiF-6O0

r,

-->

{+AH-RflF4+

r{l,tth\^

-

t+o

itxdA#t

2s

+

flsx{A#

26

+

-+

SrLA#rRtJItxr^

-i+

j.o

{HJ.EEgL$E#

X, tr,+tk

AAk

--+

uslLw-fi

,*.1.fim-i+"

//,il/,/'t#J

.x*84

,m-i+"

"

ER..

...--++/6-++"

6I

tiltF.frr.

Fln,

"8R......-W6-t+"

may

be used

as

an

attributive,

e. g.

(

1)

4&,-+y


37/176

(3)

+\rRifi

6*++

"

,tr'DJ, *.n$R4ft*++

"

(4)

*"

t

i4

+^sR{fi

t1

-

l+.

&El^DJiX,

\

i"l

*sR{ft

l

l.

-++

"

only...but

also...

iEBf

,

,,z"{.E"

Wffi-'j.ffi*+i:.+.EJIiFtr

"

W+b6]TiAIEJN,

"ATH"

F

ffiEffi

-+h6J

t.iFZ.Bi. 6tJIn

*TlE...FTJ^-H-..."

Iinks

a complex

sentence.

It is

used

to

indicate

a further devel-

opment

in.meaning

in

the second clause from

what

is

stated

in

the

first one. If

the

two

clauses

share

one

subject,

"

|".lE"

is

used after the subject

of

the

first

clause.

If

the

two

clauses have

different subjects,

"|n{H"

is

used before

the

subject

of the first

clause,

e.g.

(

1

)

+&-^

E+nN,*i+,'

-H-4.4

i*i+o

(z)

if.

E+lk

A#-,

-L,A4+^1*

"

(3)

^E*'+n.,j5.r+

,

fr

E-j*'++&A

-iN,iL1#.

E

gA

Lidnx

@

Exercises

@

iFF

Phonetics

(

1)

#'Fi/fl

Prohunciations

and

tones

jiji

jju

yyns

;

Jroxtong

zhishi

jioqing

zhTshi

qihu

"

yqi

yiydng

jTgu

y'ixi

(2)

BEi*

Read out

the following phrases

*.

+-++

.28.

.

"rK*+'r+


38/176

.ffi# i4"+r-^*++

4-,+4+Rr4iF

-++if

*.sR.ffi-++sk

"Et

^E+?fr

E^4V4*_.

@

g*n

Substitution

exercises

$_ffi

4+e^k

J.

^r+

.l,n.,4+rRt4

Fil

*

++ir"4,J

*"fR,l&-t+f^.

t'r.41

Znig+

'-tr"E

4+4Y


39/176

(3)

A

B

(4)

A

B

*.I

f

tr

t

fn

{4RA

)+fr, 4krfY,?

*"rR*-++a*&"

+,+4+&At+?

t+

4+nk4t.-++*?

"

(5)

i/L{-x-z^/tr.T

g,

fi

flT4+4kk"

'

30.


40/176

(6)

Z^4g,*"+

4

iri+, fi Y.

--,*

a

ir-l.

@

itmg+

Choose

the

right

words to fill

in

the

bianks

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(s)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(e)

'+wt#F,

'[1-'

..

E-.x-.

di"'fn

A

l'

n4frfiF-it

Jt

T-&n.K,

f-n-TAAT"

41.*t

#

i*_+,Ji.rF

#J

t"4?

d.

il\iY,,N,

f*&{.f..R

f

ffi"

&:X,

Atf

g

tv#*

T*"

+i,trJ'*

tk#

+rn,"

v\.,

f

ElE-4Y,fi1r


41/176

(

1

)

*"r

+

jL_tai+,

*t

+rlL-iai*"

-+

(z)

*\

-f

r*,xF--&_

hillJ, *

&-fr_9tttt

.

--->

(3

)

*"A

A

1

,&

68

,

*&frt

A

A-

1

,K.

68.

--+

(4)

#,i+.i*+t*,t

rr.2ft*_95

/>,

.\.ft_95

A.

--+

(s)

*\rR.*r

A

t*,

*-tk*tfl

t&"

-+

(7)

*"*',&&4i,

i+

-Li4.tr*4i

"

-+'

B.

"8R......T-f+'

(

1)

*\i

+-,P.'t

,

-N,#J

+k

rfi

.

---+

(3)

i\"#*9,

l''*W"

_->

(4)

.32.

*.

vX

.*Y

ffi1+

,

ff'

'*g

ii*-"

--->


42/176

(s)

)K+4,.J.

T

200

z}g.

,

i..u+4,J. Fi

120

z}_9."

---+

(6)

JbAx

zg

_,

f

i,l.l

31

A"

-)

(7)

jt

l

fet

30

+

n

*,,

fls

tJ

35

+

i

*-

"

---)

(

8

)

i4+

tJrJ

eh"g-350

L

,

flls4+

400

L.

---)

@

migtirH

Fill

in

the

blanks

with

appropriate

words

(1)

A:

B:

(2)

A:

B

(3)

A:

B:

(4)

A:

B:

(s)

A:

B:

(6)

A:

B:

jt#

ZK-t+"tu.

nfs,&&

nfs,W&-tlt,ql

itts"

flf(

h

-,*./L"

+&.x-

I

"

4+9"

j^+

flls^-++

t9,ht

^-t+xlr"

jt^

4&,

4k-t+t.'g.r?

^-t+k,

\

ji;#r,t

*tlfr,hl

6_t+fr,

j#t

jtffi+f

+*++,q?

z^-+,

+

tF+.

i

+)*,n-#,*,42

6*l+t+,

tiu

4+t.

.33.


43/176

fRtE

*

Fri'l)E

E

#T

t

iE

ru

Answer

the

questions

according

to

actual

situations

(2)

.ta*+n&.*

+

),

4k&.rK4e-tu*'\?

(3

)

^iLiq

,

4t

#J

-*Tel'"*e'#J

-14'hz

(4)

+\rk-'L+

AK,

4&4--

++'4?

(s)

y

ltt

eo

+,

4k+4+k*&'-t+*t'h?

(6)

*-rt,6"Ar+i,

4t',fo?

(7)

+\,fn

a*ik+n,

4&4tA&"r"'?

(8)

rlffir.lf

A

{ikRxfr,

4tof?

@

EftmA

Comect

the

sentences

(

1)

4&,8

f

ta+sK

4t,-++*t

"

(2)

,u,

*".fn

fiffi

*

trv4'4t1t)t-tl7

.


44/176

(3

)

6644

*4*t+,

fl4+rR*f

"

(4)

A*-rRnfA-++.

(s)

*\.fn E

:FsR+

tr

-t+n4,^"

(

6

)

*.

J

+,

A

rK4e

rth

-

*lgtffi

e,

"

#

i*miX,

Read and

express

fiJ+t+,

+/-r,f

F,"

(ln),

4k+gkF,Er"

-X-,

E

rx+++,n.,

"

,fr)1,4k

x*

f

-

&*?Er,

*.,1SFF

,Ee++?"

w,.1.p

(-,#J qx

tr

r

#J*T

,

4efr_x-if

,g.i^F,

:y)",&

-:-

4

/:LJo

H,.4"A

gffi

4

,

AF^

=

$

r

IS., f

+.,

T#.

vy-,Ktt4i

=

*rr,

+ta

F

z/-,

titk

fr\J

4++,,*a+a-,a"

vY,Kff-*b

f

"

ffi

-Izt,

H,SIfl

ll

+hLfi

ey"El

F,

H,.

v,1

gt*rs

ytr-*-

a|fi,44,1*,

/ztfr=

k*tsffil

"

w,.*fuf

ffi-th,

,sElR+to

Fi-+,E

j-xt&i,

,

4kZ"-V

i_t+F,

*.*+64.f.-

+

^,*......

.35.

Fq


45/176

'

=ta

rbFtr'i

f

.

H,-

*,n

f

+4sRtr -aJ.L+ JF

,

e*X-H

.

jr*p&.,

)grh

b$w,.x-$+ft-"

4eft-ffi

=;t-rb$,

g

E

f

f

+4Fi,

w,3*F/fl Ti+4.

,3#1}+Errbtr

rki

f

+

Erft'4+

ix.;Aw,-ffi.

T

"

'fi

Zk,

W,g/fl

++4rRtr

-Lt

T

+

Er

ft-,

4hK

f

"

it*+

,

"fi

=,rt

'bFE

l+f'=

f

"

ffi

z*a

v|f,"ffi

=,a

-

++,

H ,g

/fl

Fl

++

t

n

't

x-F,x

f

E

-a

"

YbFt

9t

Kfr-=vY'-,

H

,..'.

f

.

;it

if,

Supplementary

words

1.

fr-

2.

Er

3.

E-a

4.+

s.

-t+

6.f+

7.

T+

sdi

m

guwng

dng

shdngdng

zhngdng

xiddng

to

compete

hor:se

king

cla.ss;

grarle;

rauk

first

clrss;

super"icr

mediwm;

middl.ing

low-gr-ade;

inferir:r

@

gx+

Learn

to

write

:k

I

-l-

I

*r

I

4*

-*Ffu-

I

I

I

I

I

I

l

i

J

I

4

-"i-

-,,,r

J

-Ff1e

.Jr

:Fi'%.

.

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

4

___'{

ffi

I

#? F3

I

HT

F

xtr

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Frl

I

cHt

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I

4-r-

I

I

I

I

I

t

I

I

I

L

j.4

I

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I

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t

rti

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ft

rnl

l

{r

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-

I

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46/176

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1

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1

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t

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I

i

r

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1

w

r

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g

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l

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r

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47/176

+.*-,1*.4.lJ

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rext


48/176

'J+df

,

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.

4+A,?,

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4t,fr

fr

+-,

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T

?

g'J

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+

"

4+

A7

4htu|

^R_^

R_r^

?

-,,

J+-4+,

El-E,iA.f

,

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"

4+A$I

)lf?

9t(ts:

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+,.-A+

f

o

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T

"

;W

(

:)

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(

drrFHxjru.Li*{)

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A,

4+A*tFz

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.

Lk4k,4&)xlrrrll

+d

e,J

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,

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z

tA,R#

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f

?

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,

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l,i/4

r-4F

f

I

ft"

aU

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alr

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IgN_F

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rgfl-E'

A

:

q

^ihl

-

t))J

6

#

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"42

2t

I

j6"F

6

f-4+

f

,4?

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o

d"gtkt4t

"

*fr_^nL*"t4F

,

*"r-

^*l*"

.39.


49/176

El

+iuf

Shngci

@

New words

1.

.

z.

)rF

3.

'g'

4.

49

s.

Z

6.

/&

7.

tr.

8. tr*

s.

)t*

10.

;;,1+

11.

ie-*

12.

/\*

,

13.

#

,Jg

t4.

vrE

ls.

n-y

16,

fi't

trt

+

g

17.

i:+

18.

2tt

ts.

+A

-

40.

(

l:)

()

(M)

G)

(#)

()

(-|J)

(frt)

(.4)

(

rr:)

()

(&)

G)

()

@t)

(&)

l)

ot

hu

bTng

nuo

xue

jixiong

yumng

fngjing

q

lyu

yuq

lingkuoi

bi

sh

rnjio

ko

jTngyng

fo

ci

shy

sh

y

lu

hngy

jin

k:

love;

to

l.ikr:

/

/

/

to

skate

I

to ski

homelrnd

fmr:us

scenic

vierv;

landscape

scenic rree;

parkland;

tourist

region

to

have

a tour

especialiy

nice and eool

to spend

a holiday

at

a

sumrner

resort

househcld; family

to

reiy

on

t0 man,ge;

to run

to

get

rich;

to

make a

foune

ieaf

tree

leaf

to fall

red'aul.umn

leaves

to

pick


50/176

20.

2t.

_L4

,-.:'

,n

22.

+.

23.

]^

24,

-"t

2s,

4+

26.

i^

2'.7.

rh,

28.

a&ri

2s.

*?+

,4+

30.

i

31.

+*i

Jrt

32.

'

33.2+.**

*6

34.

^i6'*.

^i+

s.

+

36.

.++

nrst+

{ftr)

(

Btr)

()

{w)

lnv\

(

di"r

)

(

fiE,8

)

(H)

(t

{&)

()

(Wr)

()

()

(

FJi)

{&)

ue)

(&)

(

4t)

(,ft)

zhoj

zhene

bio

hudi

iy

tng

si

didnch

chddo

hoshi

hudishi

lo

mqin

fqin

de

ji

hn

l

hn

;

wihnf

wihnqT

jiongli

zhydng

nydng

feel.ing

anxious

,/'

(

used

to

inclicate rlegree

)

t*ty;

quite

lvatch

bad,

(

go

n'rong)

(

expressing su4lrisc

or aniaze-

ment)

lxr

stol

shoul.d; ouglit to;

need

battery

to

be

(or

arrive)

late

happy

everrt

bad thing

(

a

modal

particle

expressing

ex-

clamation and

interrogation)

mother

f'ather

(

used

a,lier an

adjective or

phrase

to

fbrm an adverbial adjunct hefore

the verh)

to

marry-

to

divorce

fianc

fan.cre

futur:e

such

;

so

like

this;

this

wa,r'

like

that; such; so;

that

rvay

.41

.


51/176

itffi

Zhshl

ffi

Notes

"W"

ffi#Wtrif,ffiH*F,I$i-1tr*z\f5H,

tHET

"4P"

"

lffla,

"

lft"

is

used

after

adjectives and

some

verbs

expressing

psychological

states

to

degree.

Its

meaning

is

equivalent

to

"1"

(""ty),

e.B.

(

1)

ftt

ll

6+

,n"

(

nt

r''J

4rF


52/176

(f

j-A-

--7

r,

,4.'.

J

means

(

1)

+:,* f

,

(2)

F'i

14

rj

f

,

"

It is

time

to

do

somethirg"

,

e. g.

iA&

f

"

iiAT.

"[h]"

E

"T"

f,[

"tr[-d"

6i"

is

the

blend

of

"7"

tu?H#Mtt

"

Bgtzs$t

l{

tiE,

"

and

"

trfif

".

Here

it

carries

an

inquisitive

tone.

IEI

igi*

Yf

@

Grammar

"7',1

(2)

Indicating

a

change:

the modal

particle

"7"

(2)

iFftEjia

u

r

u

ffi&JR.)#N4N,"

When used

at the

end of

a

sentence,

the modal

particle

"

T

"

implies

a change

of

state,

e.

g.

(1)

+fi+

9Af

.

(4r(l]

f

")

(z)

4&,

4.8)tu

L4F

f

"

(

y;{

if}d+,

ik:,lp

"

(3

)

t&x_tg.fR+\".ft]-*s.*

f

"

(

)F.

*^&sRd_4-*s*,

)

(4)

.4+&nF,,l.f

.

(AvFf

"

/t-x=f

.)

.43.


53/176

"

^......T

"

eA.4"

"

6......f

"

also implies

a

change of

state.

(s)

e#t*,

+

L4+f

"

(

*{6df

6r+F.)

(6)

*.fHEf

"

(F.**rflsE.)

(7)

*"+lziJ

Lidnx

@

Exercises

iE

Phonetics

(

1)

##iIfl

Pronunciations

and

tones

hu

xu hudxu

lyu

jTngyng jlngyTng

fo

ci

zhoj

zhdoj

didnch

chddo

zhTddo

Yunyi

(2)

BEi*

Read

out

the

following

phrases

lTyu

To clol

didnshi

yunyi

TtrrT

T,f

6h:xft,

ik

E-f

*f

,

X-(n)nlft"f

4kf-f

,

k(n

);'i*f

*Tf

n+rtil4*gn

T

*ft++**,J

f

4E*r4K

.r-I&

T

f


56/176

(2)

A

B

(3)

A

B

,l*Aos,

*Ii.T

"

+-TJL,

+\4-ti/+.

4+AfttlE

,l*,F*

f

f?

,

i^fu.R-l

,

.47.


57/176

(4),*,*./LA'E,,

-F^,}t,*.iLrl+a(-4l]

f

.

* teiF1

q?

tS

r+F

"

(s)

(6)

A:

B:

A:

B:

*fr^iL4'k

r-+F'ro?

*\rn

ztt*f

.

.4.


58/176

ffi

AiH*

Choose

the

right

words

to fill

in

the

blanks

(

1)

.-E

frfl{k

(2)

*\---i;'Jr

,

-L

(3)

+\4n

e9

ft-

W';,i,

*+w4*fs

4k

9

t*l&ah

x,

ie.*,\4+

fr'J

?

o

*"4n

n$

)L4k

t

/\F*r#

n

e4

*?,

)+61&"

.)4-.fr.

tFJ

1

o

t.FL

tr,

&n;rv.{^g

,

F-R;ry}

fM"

4)

(s)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(e)

(

10)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(s)

(6)

4kf-

T

+,F1

\"*E*E

:Yfu*

,l*,t-os,

ft^,

d

fr,1

P-, x-j+

4,ktt

+.R-^fr-

4t,

,

aA

k*,

Er

-L

*t

+k+ra*,t*

,

ftfi#r++*Fgtf

"

fr_E_k,

*

i6.T

"

,&4

f

.

*.f

?

T

f

"

fr.fn,l*Aoso

4q*T

"

&x-r 1,

h

x-ttiF.-z^}

T

"

fu.Rf

.

fo

4kl.

I

.

4k&*?***4+f,a


59/176

agi,x,t*

Describe the

pictures

* lofr

{-m-t

'"ffi

ffi*ffi

t,EtA+

Complete

the

following sentences

(1)

4.i---nf

,

4x

(2)

'l*.

T

,

(3)

Hkf

,

(4)

'l*,J

kf-f

,

(5)

-*Tffi

I

,

(6)

++

=fl:f

.,\f

f

,

(7)

*ts+:,F*f

,

iA

(8)

-AnX.++*,

+k9Axfrt

,

.50-


60/176

(e)

**-4t

ru-*,

:i/

(

10)

*fr-4f.

h

&l.f

&nW,

,-y/

ffi

m

",R..-...7".

"s......7".,

Make sentences

with

"'R"'T"

,

",[*S......T".,

"id$.

.....7,'

jt]

(1)

12

1

2s

H.fr-*1T,

Ax-4Lfr-n

n

20

tf

.

(2)

]A*4nfl*E.ry.**.+

E

,

4X-

4.8

*nw

f

o

(3

)

r*rTntu'

+,8

$

f

4x,

rL&ft_ffi

)LH

f

.

(4)

rK

nx,4e,+\ft,,fi.+,K+dd.

,

rfuEur.k,*:t

T

o

(s)

ii-^+

-

x

4zo

fr,

,

*"

r,

tfr

T

4oo

n

T

"

(6)

aa11

n

8+ts8,

+kR-Lr

Ast.

(7)

aa+e

n

20

+t*, +f-fr_e

n

1o

f

.

(8)

^AE

*t

ntXlt-,F-l

,

;tfl.894.t\,1# f

"

79ffiJ

Correct

the

sentences

(1)

T+ll

,R**Ej^E

eta*-l

"

@

.5't.


61/176

(z)

*./

z\,F*,I*.*-LiF

f

.

(3)

4x-1-+f

,

*"aX+-X-la,[E-.

(4),frnfr.*"-*g

tr,

MlplR*

;+

T

"

(s)

{flj.H/;t4f

-4rl}AqR

"

(6)

+.fr_-^E.*f.

tl

*

tF,

*_,t

*F4v_*v.

E;L+

Learn

to

write

I

*l

I

I

-***Eu.-

8

'

if

I

I

I

L-

I

Ti t

,a+f--

;t*

I

*

e-

L__

;*t:

-&+L=

.-"r,4--

-

-

ji

"l

,I

*+j+*

"'

*n..iJ*

k

,'p

I

;-ia*

-r

f{g

L--

di

I

Fg#*

faF

l;'

I

-

-L-

I

I

*

s

i

I

,.*

*t-

;."t-E*:

+

l-L

.t-

J-*r-*'

e-rL*E

+*

ffif':e

"'?

",t-

+i

-.i'

"r:-t:iF

-,*t

"*

t

I

-"r"

,-.* i1r{

."i*

'rfiF'

*.id.

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

- -L-

I

I

":

j'Jj;

q-s

:-

i-#

?iJ-

I

I

I I

t-ir

.

52.


62/176.

53.


63/176

'l*-LRos,

*ft+f

H if

Kwn

ffi

Text

(-)

frrf;+H*T-gf;mffi

(

rzl

ffi

ffiz,w#F,f*

+&E

.

ffiz,w

h

r.zr)w

+t*

T

f

,

i.,

iI,fA

ffi*t)fr

r*t)fr

t

tt)

rtt)fr

+

zt)fr

T.Zfr

.9.

thrfr,4?

d"_,J.*

oFT

,

,1.

t

"

4&$

fr-e,l

iE

tix-i+#k*

qttA

+

f

,4?

d.f

n+H+T.

aFxn?"Lnlla"

*.s*-frrbl

4,fr.,

l

et-+i+,

4'J,J.,il&-*

f

,ft

"

fr-'h7

,.I.

A-*f

og

?

tr

*?#r

"

*t

+*,J

/6

lE

4f

,

ir_r+\

+.1&+

+-

,&

f.

"

+\ru.+rc,-*.

d-

jt$ftrg"


64/176

+Zrm:

l-.IfJ

o

t":r*f,*T+**,

l4f,_r/

+l&F*

f

"

EUrm,

flp*f

,

4ft*-oso

(Ezr)frxlln;

E*rfr,

f+T

+

ull

r*t)fr

t

zt)fr

rzt)fr

^

j*

f

.

&

)\6tr+*

T

F

*.,'n,

l

-5

)u?

o

*"4fi

"

$n.f

,

ifrs'so

,l.*-

'l*.jLER4'os.

*.,ftl*

*

*

.,*.

(=)

'Rj.*FE,,

Ftr+7ffi

(

ffiZ,t)Fffil+'fll-Ee+*

R'tE

Exn

"

+FkWfrT, ffiZ.)F&+t

F4

ld

+f[,Rt+......)

t^zt)fr:

T

i_#J

Iq

+,l*Itoe

,

*ft+f

"

E

fr.,

*

lF,

*"

6I-* f

,,

*

atJ.

)A-#J

f

+

+

*aI

r),4?

*\

TfrEfr

rll

6,

nn

fr-&n$ x,

1fi

it

*ov'

"

Er

F

,- A

-tA._L

tnZ

*-frN,*ahut

,

x-E

ffi#*+

,

-"ru;i/gt.

oFI,

*+,frA,tl

"

t4.ffi

,

'R,.lL

,

:Yli*ft

4

-l

"

.

55.


65/176

(Ig

FETXT)

14iF

,

)L6

l4l,

4k$tos"

ri

aii

,

*"h.,+n*4+F

"

*.4n4x-

+Fxn

-L.{-

+h

'fr,o

+,RH,

n

%

*&tNffi

+#,1'Fi

o

EtNF'v\

.

,

w,.

4f

ft

4

s

*.

**

Xevs,*

)1r

ftt

t-

+.

^

s

'K

f

Fl

+

sK*"rN,

-

F

.

ofr

t

R--l

)Lfi

?.

"t)*

tr-T

"

*ia4it+*t$tl1

"

*FI*1,4?

*7,

])f4+,

ft1's"

(

$*hzr$irB,f)

*

rF

,

/6

l

s,rL

R

&

p

o

*"n-*f

,

i/i.,.$.JLf

,

4ft,1*4rTos"

H+

ats )ffi

rIA

+^zlfr

(

FIJTEH4HIIfr)

rg

N:

*fF

,

Ftn

7,u\.

,

+i*T,

lulo+?

t

zt)fr=

rf

u\o

z.

ft+

.

56.

d.ru-4lJn414*frnnL,

^s#

io

deliver;

to

cany

io

give;

tr,r

give

as

e present;

i:o

see

sh-

,

rtff

r:r

o't

to

i-rave/'a:itetrd a

ner:ti:S

El &iJ

Shngc

ffi

N"w

words

1.

-

(:liJ)

sng

ffi

ki

hul


66/176

,/'

3.

+k+

('&)

jidoxu

reat:hins

'/

4.

ry-L+

(

4lJ

)

ynto

ro stntly

:nti

ciis*,usn

Ef'+

()

yntohu)

seuninal.;symliosiunr

5.

%.-

(

di) jinggu

to

:ass;

go

througir

(

a

place)

6.

J

(+)

xidng

to;

torrards; in

the

direction of

7.

tE

*f

wn

ho

to

send

one'$ regards

to;

to

say

hello

to

8.

+H

(f*)

shoo

tn

talce

along

sih.

to

ur frr

s'rr-lle{}r:e;

to

ii.ring

to

sorneone

g.

i-*

()

guqu

ro go

orer; to pass by

10.

.*

(Aii)

guloi

to

corue

over;

ro corne

by

11. 11

11"

G)

mnku

entrance; doorw.ay

72.

++

(frr,,

Efr)

xTnk

harrl;

strerr.uor-s;

to

bother';

to

ask

sb.

tt

clo sth.

t3.

I-Ifr

(.,M)

mfon

tororbie;

rror.nble

14.

fr

()

tdng

(indicating

rrip

or

tr{ps made)

15.

*-X

{ffi

iren

irusbnd or rryife

r-}

16.

'^

+

bdn

shi

to

handle

affairs

I7.

4

L (Fij)

mshdng

ar

once:

inimediareiy

18.

t-

ffii)

mn

,

slcw

19.

F-'fr,'l

{&}

zhnlngun

e.x}il:rition hall

20.

&'n {,

F')

zhnln

to

put

cir

disilay;

to

exhibit;

exhibition

21.

-L* (d:) shdngloi

rr:

come

Lrp

ki

ch

to

ch:ive l

ar, hrs,

etc.

;

(l'yei:i-

.57 .

22,.

t

+


67/176

23.

Felaln,

,q.

+H

--.

r

\

24.

)E4t

zs.

?"

26.

-l

27.

ith

zB.

Xet

2s.

4{

_l-

30.

F

31.

)*

#-

32. lF

4+

33.

X4l4

l(-,f{

L

#

nuonmrng

-, A

':,

.

'P

lJ

2.

+)B

3.

*&

{

)

wnw

(Eil)

dyu

(

.

&)

yooqi

(

. &>

shng

ele)

to stert to rno\e

cafnera,

Lo

take a

pho{.o

sea.t

to

pay

attention

to

(of

autiques) to }:e unea^rthed;

to be

exhumed

i:ulrr-rri

reLic

;

artifect

approxirnatel;r

to

ask;

to

deurand

;

requirement

(

a classifier

usetl

to inriir:ate the

number

af

sounds)

;

sound;

voice

ciear

rnaster'

(

poiite

titie

for one

with

accompiished

skiils)

embassy

arnbassador

r,v\

-f./

()

(

dl)

(Yt)

(&\

()

(&)

zhoxidngjl

zhdo

xidng

zuwi

zhyi

ch

t

qTngchu

shTfu

ddshigun

ddshi

Proper

Names

Tpiwon

Xinggng

Zho

T'airqar

(a

provin*e

in

China)

Hor:g K,:ng

"

Zkaa

{

a

famiii'

narne

cf

Chine-*e

E|

ffi

Zhshi

@

Notes

+tr^ttfrF*ffi ^lqffi

"/J:+W",

fFn*+#L;

H

"2+Ih"

trsn*

.

58.

)

p


68/176

+Ji,^.

Flhn,

Chinese

tend to

use "ujr

+family

name"

to address

people

with whom

they are

fa-

rniliar

and "fi,+famly

name"

to

those

they

are

not

familiarwith,

e.

g.

,J.

*i

*s

,l't{

L'

-tr

fr

5t,4

?

"ft,

,

4eft_tA_"f.to

*f

,fr"4?

E#

Et+

H#

1H#

H#

Et#

H#

ElETF

.

72.


82/176

E

#=

4krfrfif,*.,rf

"

Fl,*+,

${rRru.

fr,t

,

4,{,rU

X,*"srt

H #,

,

E:rE#:

.fgg$*.

,t,tov.

"

E

#.

4&+*og,

"

ofr

n:yf,,{.*+\

"

'#,

-:o

*f,f+*f4.,

+4*^4t,"

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

H

&iA

Shngc

@

New

Words

1.

4.

(

&,

#r)

jTnsti

z.

(

E)

guo

ffi

tlu:cugli;

3.

4rW

IJ

4-

Yl

r-

t

f

r\%,

A).

PE

+*

Ei:

gln

{.8)

(w)

(Er)

(ffi)

I

Ei)

(&)

(&)

zh

yudn

zhngyT

k

i

zhngchngydo

tin

m

mdi

ydofng

ex-per{ence;

io

go

to

undergo

(

used

afte.r

n

ver

to

indi-

cate

a past

action

cr

state)

to

be

hospit.alized

tloctor

rf

traditianil

Chiriese

medicine

bitter

prel:areci

Chinese

niedicine

sweet

to

feei;

t.o

touch

ruise

rlrleries

a.ird

veins

prescripticir

.73

.


83/176

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

r*tr

1+h

fr')x

.:

(a

*t,1+

2w

ee

*f

WY,

W

k)e

4.

M

24.

4+

A

t1

zs.

*+

26,

1n8

74.

(

r)

(

fi.

lJ:)

dnm

zhnji

(&)

(

#r)

(f)

(ffi)

(F{il)

Gr)

{

b)

(*)

tF,)

(

Ei:)

(H)

(/)

fongf

zhi

zh zhn

xl

cngjing

ho

koy

ko

di

zhngcn

bish

tnghlu

tng

shnmede

qTn'r

gngqn

l

nlaslge

ncu.pt;.nciu.ie

llntl

mcxibus-

tion

rnethtid

io

lrexl,;

to curt-r

to

giite

or

have s,n

t1llpuntr-

ture

treatment

tirin

() 1c{:; ust:tl

t,.l

(

used before

adjectives

to

indicale the

cuantity

or: de-

gree)

roasted

duck

t*

roasl:

to

bake

(

a

prefix ind-ieating ordinal

nurnbers)

Chine,se

trcd

svr'eet

potato

sugarcoated

ha*ws

on

a

stick

(

a

popular

nnter

srack

in

Beijing)

sugar

anl

so cn

(

tr.,

iiesr

sth.

)

.livc

or

on

spct

.rianc

19.

20.

2r.

+

&

G,)

22.

#

()

23.

)fE#F

G)


84/176

27.

"'

e

(

E)

jo

a

spercia-lisr

in

ce:tain

field

28.

tR4'

(tf

)

ynzu

ro

plav

(*rusic

insrrumerrr)

29.

tLf

j

le

exir:emely

to the

grearesr

extent

30.

,.I.

*4

(

fr)

xiotqn

violin

31.

t.4.

(E)

xizuqrJ

concerro

(

&)

q

song;

melorly;

conr:efio

32.

*?ot

Gfr)

hoting

pleasing

to the eiu;

rnelodious

33.

{.

Gh)

hun

to

return;

ro

give back

34.

W

(

Fl

)

mo (

inilicating

rhat the reason

is

rbrrou.s

)

Ee

Zhudnmng

Proper

Names

1.

"+fr)91

H'rbin

Harbin

(the

capital

cf Heilongjiang

kovirrce)

2.

i+

rh

h

Hinn

Do

Hainn

Island

3.

*

Ti

Shn

l\{ountain

'fa

4.

4

X'on

Xi'an

(

the

capital

of

shaanxi

Province)

5.

-fk'I?- Dnhung

Dunhuang

(

a farnous

city

on the

Silk

W*.y)

6.

Wfr"

A

Yhyun

td*

Su,l,ruer

palace

1. +kE

Ggng

thr:

palace

l\{,rieu,o

8.

&]A

Chngchng

tlie

G:ear

W.all

g.

fi'rE

Hung

H.

Lhe

yejlow

River

10.

K

+n>

(

Ling

Zh)

Lir;rtg

7,hu

(

narne

of'a

violin

concerro)

-75-


85/176

Et

Effi

Zhshi

ffi

Not"s

er.o

The

Yellow

Ruer

fRffi#ffi

(Y4^FE)

(

5K)6+,fi-"1,

7frEi6fFffi

)

tffi

,r--8ffi

+ft'tffi"

+EFffJ4N2lF.

A piano

concerto

adapted

from

the

well-known

song

The Yellow Raer

Cantana

(verse

byZhang

Guangnian

and

music

by

Xian Xinghai). It is

now a classic

in

Chi-

nese music.

certo

Lang

Zhu

+tFh

(

#'f5t

4

),

E'fq

H.

lhEtJ+Rffi

+

@l+t,

R

lEl'FIS

EtJtF*lA'fr#J'ffi

o

The

complete

name s

Liang

Shanbo and

Zhu Yngtai,

a

famous

violin

concerto

a-

bout

a traditional love story

in China,

composed

by

He

Zhanhao and Chen

Gang.

"

t&T

"

ffiEVdi"ffn- e1al,

t,iHlg"

MJ1.n,

*tkT"

is

used after

adjectives and

some

verbs

to incate

e

highest degree, e.g.

+T+Lt

r-&-f

xn-f

*.,s

le-f

tLf

*_&f

+gktx-

never

been

ill.

ni*H

"

-.....'&,......"

5Ei/H6"

Fla,

In

Chinese

"

-,,.,..."

designtes

total

negation,

e.

g.

(1)

A:

41.6&*$f

tr"S?

B:

4-iAiq.f1..

(2)

d""6t

f

%-,*./L+,

+t{tt"

(3)

+84+'-kl&iA.}..

(4)

*\-,|

f r+tA.it.

.76

.


86/176

(

Literaliy)

Bonow

in

time

and return

in

time,

it

won't be

difficult

to

borrow

a-

gain

next time.

.,iE

"

,8

F

+EE

TE14.

H

.,

trAB{JiE

E

*,

DJtrB

A,H.I

Ht'

,IF#7AiEFU

FIXE.

It is

a Chinese

idiom,

which means

that

when

we bomow

something

from

others,

we

should

retum

it

back

in time.

Then

people

will

be

willing to lend you

again nexr

time.

r(

F" ffi#EJX,

SEiJAliF-=i

"

*rri$'l4tnl}fti$.4ffii

n n.

The

modai

particle

rr

fFrr

,

when

used

at

the end

of

a sentence,

emphasizes

an

af-

firmative

tone.

It

suggests

that

something

should

naturally be

so,

or that

the reason

for

something

is

obvious.

IEIigi*

Yr

@

Grammar

Indicating

a

past

experience:

Verb

+

iaffibffia:#Eli-"1

"i"

#tFE*

fr*..

i

tF-t^f+*,

i},iBf

E,

%(+

t^. SEiEit*

tutFffigr.E

"

ffiJAH,

'When

a verb

is

immediately

followed

by

the

aspect

particle

*

1*

"

,

it indicates

that

the

act

was

taken

place

in

the past

and

is

no longer

in

progress.

The

emphasis

is

on the past

experience,

e. g.

(

1)

*"utif Ri

f

E

.

(2)

Rf

Ev\.

,

4t"*tLF.

},-,+fi"+"

(3)

d."fif

tr+F..

+i

.77.


87/176

ri+,F'FR*.*T.

(4)

*"'t*r.4t"

(5)

*"rA"jt

vehv,.

(6)

4,v\Ff

+{i

+

H)k?

(7)

{fi*,+)&rk?

E,il'iF

Indicating the

fregtrency

of

an

act

the

complement

of

frequency

"i#".

"ffi"-

"T"

+tE"

t#g:iuf

.(7,,

f[

.,,

Wnf.Eif,,

"

MJgn:

The

cornplement

of freguency

is

used

to indicate

the

number

of

times

of

an

act

has

This

tlpe

of

complement

is

formed

by a numeral

and a

verbal clssifier

such

as

,

"F",

"ffi",

"T",

etc.

The

aspect

particles

of

"7,,

an

..s,,

are

praced

.78.


88/176

after

the verb

and before

the

cornplement,

e. g.

(1)

4e,Ki;Af

tr.

(2)

4i.f

-TJL

n

"

(r3

)

.+

?rj

*..&."

(4)

4,t.&2,, 4)-Ifr4hr-i.

(5)

ER*l

q

f

rR*"

nfr,-

F

o

RiEES

+h

&i1ht,

*fiki?Fi,

E^f6{tiEB,,I,lki+l'}FHi,

/\trturcEiFt',

ElEiEtE

"

6gn:

If the

object is

a

noun

referring

to

things,

it

must

be

placed

after

the

compiement

of

frequency;

if

the object

is

a

personal

pronoun

.

it

is

usually

placed

before

the

eomple-

ment; If

the

object is the name

of a person

or

place,

it

can be placed

before

or after the

complement,

e. g.

(6)

*4i_-

)kTfn"

(7)

+&-,*\"a.f&

-

)ko

ZiX,,

*

4&*d

-kiho

(s)

*v){Cf

*i-

k+

E"

,q

DJiI,,

^v){'1*jt,f

E-;A"

(e)

+j""ft-&_iR{fr+"

bbfr:

"lR"

il

r'i"

Compare,

"lk"

and.

"i"

"lR"

f[

'"

n*z,t1fr-+.kl",

{B

*E',

5E1E *l^jtFilth3l4:*1#

iJ,

fftJfin'

3(

\tI- rt I

(a

r

l

"

and

"

i,

"

are

both

used

to indicate

the

number

of times

an act has

occuned

,

but

"[t"

emphasizes

the

whole

process

from

ihe

beginning

to

the

end,

e. g.

(10)

$.^

+4kfr,'. *.

tt.fr{ffi&f

"

(

i1)

$.4.

urtt


89/176

tLffi:

"i$"

5

"T"

Cornparer

""

*d

"T"

6=tT[8"

The negative

forms

differ.

*:

Yt

(^)

+&iFl

+

(Lz)

-+

fl*";q.it,

T.*vft+f^*f

.

:t7:

YA

(^)

+dJi"1

(^Ei^

"7")

(

13

)

W

xug"Vl

fr,Fj

*iX-,

6

+.v&+fif

"

6J+,1,8-Eo

The

meanings

of

e

sentences also

differ.

(14)

l"+

f

-+ia:,+f

" (E+)

r\+-+ir-i+"

(z+T)

(15)

+,*+rka6*f

fEo

(f[a+E)

+*+y"6--*t.f

E

"

(rInrE+tr)

&if,frlniE*

"ffi"

*F&"

An

ordinal number

is

indicated

in

Chinese by

adding

a

"

ffi".

before

a

e.

g.

ffi-X ffi

nk

ffi-+e#A

'wt-iK

A'ffryi"f49,H*tJ5tr

,

''Jsn

"ffi"

o

Sometimes

"

ffi"

is

not

added, e.

g.

-A

a&

wn

Pronunciations

and

jTnglI

tones

gnmo

kdn

bdo

..'.:'

t'

,:

'... l

Lidnx

@E'"r"ir.,

i**

(1)

.

80.

Phonetics

l J ru\

fl+fl+l)J

jTnsl)


90/176

zh

yun

fongf

ynzu

ch

yun

fdn

f

yunqi

zhngyi

zno

znen

gngqn

zhng

y)

chzhng

gnqng

(2)

tsEi*

Read out the following phrases

*-jt

*i

o

*7,fr

*tfr

*toL

*T+L-r

+tLt

t&+

T

ffi-x

'=x '24

*rd.t

'6+

E+

"fjt+

tr{t

+"fS

tHR-n

i

fr

rz"d.

-k&,ik*d.

-i/.8.)kfr-

S

gf$

Substitution exercises

(1)

A:

4&"4i+

tr+'4?

B:

ofj"

/)X-'ft:-t.

4t

rt-t

,R.

t

tr

e

f.

t

*\X

"f.jt_)A"

"6

it

*+rilt,

*ttxt

'fiw

f

iR

*rrtfr&

-+aFJ

t+'ftij

{+jt-,i.4

ts

-ji-.&ikr*j

A:

B:

.81

.

(2)


91/176

(3)

(4)

A

B

4,ExtLd_++,RH,

ik?

)k_.

(

\.iq.4rrld.4.,,8" )

4t,ur^

t/*if

A'4?

)k, &R-ffi')ko

A

B

.

82.


92/176

ffi

i6iag

Choose the

right

words

to fiII in

the blanks

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(s)

(6)

(7)

(8)

4"f

jt

S.t4.

"ik

t

4e+rK

etrv

.)

-L

l-_*_

,k,Ljitff

"6d.

,f_,1u6,

4e,ia'*4+*?

4&4i

,4?

Rf

E

v;l..\"l+i*k

*\"

94.*-fi1

i,.4=.

*t4hfa,

4kTv\-i{,j{"

o

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(s)

(6)

nfs+F-'frdi.-

i^,1.,i*"

fr_-

AX-iF{.*"

Zr.&

f

z\

*rF

,

iL*"41+'fr-

*.,ux

4*1fr

,

N+*"411-L

+-i**\,fn

4.rk-

+

anl-r+T

,

iA.l+d.

xl#J

I

"

K,fi.

f

"

lb t.

fr

,

*T"4?

i*";i/*

wfn)+,o

fo

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

jR.

+\"*

+'7

,

,o-+&'4i,'frls

)L

"

.

83.


93/176

(s)

(6)

*,xfr

4e,t+).8+*"ffi'*

+

E

in,,

)k

fEV"

**nggJffi.ffrA

Practise

after the

models

(

1)

-*.-,R.Si

H

(2) -*ffi

)t

jif,l

(3)

*i:;nJb

(4)

-*--

/-lj+

-4+4L*h.

rA.-*t

H

^

t*tr

,4.*r,+l

,t-*.,'rJ

TEffi

*

BN,H)E,

E

T'

I'4FE

Answer

the

questions

according

to

actual

situations

(1)

Jtf

E

vrffi4&didx;+ik_?

+.

tf$Ftr

(z)

4&ttT,Rt

f

H)k?

*,;n

r

(3)

4t,v\3,f

E

Fj)k_fi?

frd.tt.,.A?

frt-4rzuuL?

(4)

.u.

4&frc#n1+illr

f

g

,J,nilk?

fr&-4+

2,t,ih?


94/176

(5)

+

f

vl+t+t

z

tvi?

.ft

"tFe

+

tr

R?

(6)

4fi-*it'F,&

tr

?F?

(7)

4e*+

E

vxfr

r-4+&)k?

.f&jt4+

A

t4it

(8)

*. f

E

vL

4t,4+&-t-dkfi?

l+d.4+

a

rr

? 4rjt

Eyfr,,Er?

(e)

.fft"fif

E

+

t,Er?

+d.f

tr

#-iL?

ffi

l,'dffiJ

Conect

the

sentences

(

1)

il.iL

n

tI,

*\-^nt

*t';l;*"

(2)

d"-+Ri*

jt,-

i^.-i{.

(3)

*f

Eu\.

,

jk-fr

E

A..

(4)

+1"-*f

ET,

tE-+1.*"*&+&,"

(

s

)

+\'fti

iLfrjs.-

)4.

(6)

4'f

tr

,

FJ*"'

Ein

L.

.

85.


95/176

emiX

Read and express

+-iiF,

+\4n+4fr\i+'.F-

"eiT

+i",

*rf4kf-/as+

E*aFl:.

tl

*{n

E T

4kr

tEtS

,

"

4kyxf

*.itf

n

)yfi?"

,

g

K)k?"

,

"

hs.f

E

"uj)k?"

+

+"

+\l4

.&:

"

41.

j{.

)k-?"

,&

fb-9t,

nfr.Y

*R-i*-it"

^tEl

\.t

l"l

fufr-,

,

:r|4**t)F*rl#,

hanyu jiaocheng dierce shang - cele 3

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