Ibigomba gukorerwa umuntu ugize impanuka

agashya.

1. Ku mutandukanya n’umuliro umwigizayo cyanga wigizayo umuliro.

-Kuzimya ibilimi by’umuliro ako kanya.

-Imyambaroye no kuyimwambura. Uyimwainbbura vuba.

2. Gukoresha ku bushye bwose uko bumgana agatambaro gatose mu mazi akonje buhoro

buhoro.

3. Kugereranya uko ubushye bungana núburyo bubabaje mo bityo ubushye bugashyirwa

mu byiciro bine, aribyo ibi bikurikira:

Dogere ya mbere: Umuntu aba yababutse gusa; aho yahiye ugasanga

hasa n’umutuku ariko hatatutitse.

Dogere ya kabili: Muri icyo cyiciro, ubushye buba bututitse

cyangwa uruhu rukaba rwavuyeho.

Dogere ya gatatu: Uwahiye aba yakongotse kuburyo imitsi n’indi

miyoboro y’amaraso iba igaragara.

Dogere ya kane: Uwahiye aba yakongotse ajya gusa n’amakara.

Icyitonderwa: Umwana muto afite uruhu rworoshye. Iyo ahiye n’ubwo wakwibwira ko ali

hato, halimo no gututika, umuhozesha agatumbarogatose mu mazi akonje, nyuma ukanujyana

ku ivuliro.

Ubumenyi bw’ibanze buhabwa abakangurambaga b’ubuzima

UBUSHYE

Hashize iminsi ine ahiye Hashize iminsi icumi avurwa Hashize amezi abili avurwa

KUVURA IMPISWI

Guhitwa byoroheje bikizwa no kurya indyo yuzuye kandi ihagije, kimwe no kunywa ibin-

yobwa byinshi.

Mu gihe umwana ndetse n’umuntu mukuru barwaye impiswi aliko italimo amaraso kandi

bataruka cyane, bashobora gukilira i muhira batiliwe bajya kwa muganga.

Umuntu wese uhitwa atakaza amazi menshi cyane yo mu mubili we; bityo rero icy’ingenzi

kigomba gukorwa ni ukumulinda ubukamuke bw’umubili agahabwa ibinyobwa, umubiliwe

ugasubira uko usanzwe. Muli ibyo binyobwa ahabwa by’inyongera bidasanzwe twavuga

nk’amashereka, ibikoma by’ibinyampeke cyangwa amasupu yabyo cyane cyane usupu y’u-

muceli, icyayi, isupu y’imboga rwatsi, kurusha kumuha amazi magezi yonyine n’ubwo nayo

ali meza.

Umurwayi akomeza guhabwa ibinyobwa uko bishoboka kwose;aliko kumuha nibura

igikombe kimwe nyuma ya buli kwituma ni ingenzi.

Gufasha umubili kwisubiza ni ugukomeza guha umurwayi igaburo rilimo

ibilibwa bilinda, ibikomeza, n’ibyubaka umubili uhereye cyane cyane k’ubyo

umurwayi yumva ashaka.

NI GIHE KI BIBA NGOMBWA KO UHITWA AJYANWA KU IVULIRO?

Iyo bigaragaye ko umurwayi adashobora kunywa kandi arushaho gukamuka;

Iyo aruka cyane;

Iyo mubyo yituma halimo amaraso;

Iyo alibwa cyane mu nda.

IBIMENYETSO BY’UBUKAMUKE BW’UMUBILI

Kugira inyota;

Gutangira kujya gusoba hashize umwanya munini;

Kuma iminwa;

Kugira uruhu rukururwa ntirwimanure vuba;

Gutebera igiholiholi ku mpinja.

KWILINDA IMPISWI

Guhitwa ni iki?

Guhitwa ni ukwituma buli kanya umwanda woroshye cyane uba ugizwe ahanini n’amazi. Aliko

hashobora kuzamo n’amaraso. Uhitwa atakaza amazi menshi, akamererwa nabi, uruhu rugakamuka.

Iyo bikomeje bityo ubutitsa, ashobora no gupfa.

Ni buryo ki umuntu afatwa n’impiswi?

Impiswi iterwa no gufata ifunguro ryanduye, ni ukuvuga lilimo udukoko duto cyane tutaboneshwa

ijisho gusa. [Urugero: amagi y’inzoka, amibe, bacteries, na za virus] dukwirakwizwa n’amasazi aba

avuye ku myanda yitumwe n’abantu cyagwa n’ inyamaswa. Ikindi ni uko indyo nkene nayo isho-

bora kuba impamvu yo guhitwa.

Ni buryo kitwakwilinda impiswi?

☼ Kunywa amazi meza atarimo twa dukoko twanduza.

☼ Kugira isuku dukaraba intoki hakoreshejwe amazi meza n’isabune mbere yo gutegura ibyo ku-

rya na mbere yo kurya. Tugomba no kwiyuhagira kenshi umubili wose.

☼ Tugomba kumenyera kwituma mu misarani ikozwe neza; ni ukuvuga ipfundikiye, isakaye, mi-

remire bihagije, aho kwituma mu bisambu.

☼ Ibyo turya bigomba kubikwa ahantu hitaruye amasazi hamwe n’utundi dukoko twanduza tuva

kuli ya myanda yavuzwe haruguru.

Indyo nkene.

Indyo nkene itera abantu kugira intege nke, kandi nk’ uko twabivuze haruguru igatuma n’impiswi

irushaho gukaza umurego.

Twayilinda dute?

Ababyeyi bonsa abana bagomba kubaha amashereka gusa nta zindi nyongera z’ibilibwa cyangwa z’

ibinyobwa kugeza nibura ku mezi atandatu avutse. Nyuma y’icyo gihe, umwana agomba noneho

kugabulirwa indyo yuzuye, aliko agakomeza no konka igihe cyose abishatse.

Indyo yuzuye iba imeze ite?

A) Iba igizwe n’ibilibwa bitera imbaraga:

cyane cyane ibinyabijumba, twavuga nk’ibirayi,

ibijumba, kimwe n’ibinyampeke nk’ingano,

ibigoli, umuceli ect……

B) Iba kandi igizwe n’ibilibwa bilinda indwara:

ni ukuvuga bifite za proteyine bita ibivumbikisho, biboneka cyane

cyane mu mboga, ubunyobwa, kimwe n’ibikomoka ku nyamaswa,

nk’amata, inyama ect….

C) Igizwe kandi n’ibilibwa byubaka umubili:

ni ukuvuga bilimo za vitamines n’imyunyu; twavuga

nk’amapapayi, kenshi no mu bimera.

IBIMENYETSO

1. Umurwayi ababara ugutwi iyo agize icyo

ahekenya (akanjakanja).

2. Iyo ukuruye ugutwi kwe araribwa.

3. Mu muyoboro w’ugutwi haramubabaza.

UMUTI

1. Kuvanga amazi meza n’amavuta ya vinegeri

Ku kiyiko, urwaye agafata ibitonyanga 3 buli

munsi, iminsi 5 mu gitondo, saa sita na

nimugoroba.

2. Ubwo buryo buvuzwe haruguru iyo

butamworohereje ajyanwa kwa muganga.

AMATWI

UGUTWI: ugutwi ni kimwe mu bice by’umubiri w’umuntu gishinzwe gutuma yumva

ibivuzwe kimwe n’izindi nsaku zose.

Dushobora kurinda dute amatwi yacu gupfa?

ICYITONDERWA:

Birabujijwe gupfurika mu

matwi ibintu ibyo ari byose.

Urugero: ibiti, ibifuniko

by’amakaramu ect….

uretse ibyabugenewe.

Iyo hagize ikintu cy’impanuka cyinjira mu gutwi hakorwa iki?

1. Ikintu cyinjiye mu gutwi iyo ukireba n’amaso, ushobo ra

kugikuruza ipensi;

2. Iyo ugerageje kukivanamo ntibikunde, ni byiza guhita werekeza

kwa muganga;

3. Iyo icyinjiye mu gutwi cyahenengeye utakibona, utwara

umurwayi kwa muganga.

ZIMWE MU NDWARA Z’AMATWI

Iyo ufite ikibazo (infection) mu gutwi kw’inyuma

IYO HAFASHWE UGUTWI KWO HAGATI:

IBIMENYETSO:

1. Kubabara byumvikanira mu gutwi hagati, kabone n’ubwo utakurura ugutwi.

2. Umurwayi ababara mu igufwa ry’ inyuma y’ ugutwi.

3. Usanga abana basuhereye, batonka neza.

4. Kugira umuliro urenze igipimo.

5. Gupfunyapfunyika ugutwi no guhozaho ikiganza.

Icyo gihe ni ngombwa kugana muganga.

Duhagurukire gusuzumisha abana bacu amatwi

kwa muganga, kabone n’ubwo baba bagaragara ko

ali bazima, kuko hali igihe bashobora gupfa amatwi

iyo icyo kibazo kimenyekanye impitagihe.

Inyigisho mu Bijyanye no Kubyara

Minisiteri y’Ubuzima ihora ishishikariza abanyarwanda gahunda yo kuringanyiza urubyaro no

kubungabunga ubuzima bw’umubyeyi utwite kuva asamye kugera abyariye kwa mu ganga. Umubyeyi

utwite agomba kwisuzumisha, kwikingiza, ndetse akabyarira kwa mu ganga kugirango ubuzima bwe

n’ubw’umwana we burusheho kwitabwaho bityo hakumirwe ingaruka zose mbi zishobora kuba

kubatabyariye kwa muganga harimo n’urupfu.

Muri iyi nyigisho turibwibande ku mpamvu umubyeyi agomba kubyarira kwa muganga.

I. GUSHISHIKARIZA ABABYEYI KUBYARIRA KWA MUGANGA

Mu nyigisho dutanga mu gihe ababyeyi baje kwipimisha, tubashishikariza kuza kubyarira kwa Muganga

mu rwego rwo kwilinda ingaruka zishobora kuvuka mbere na nyuma yo kubyara.

Gusobanulira ababyeyi zimwe muli izo ngaruka:

↑

Kwicara nabi k’umwana mu inda ya nyina

↓

← Gusohoka k’urureri mbere

y’uko umwana asohoka

↑ Gutakaza amaraso

biturutse ku ngobyi

ibyara itameze neza

↑ Gutakaza amaraso

biturutse ku gusaduka

kwa nyababyeyi

↑ Kwitambika munda

k’umwana

INGARUKA NYUMA YO KUBYARA

Umubyeyi ashobora kugira umuvuduko w’amaraso ukabije wamuviramo no gupfa.

Kubyarira I muhira bishobora gutuma umubyeyi yandura za micribes z’amoko anyuranye, bityo bikanduza

n’imyanya ndangabitsina. [Infection post partum]

II. IBYIZA BYO KUBYALIRA KWA MUGANGA

1. Birinda imfu ku bana no ku babyeyi.

2. Birinda kwandura indwara zishobora kuboneka mu gihe cyo kubyara na nyuma yaho.

3. Umubyeyi araruhuka ,akitabwaho kandi agakulikiranwa neza.

4. Agirwa inama zo kuboneza imbyaro.

5. Umwana akulikiranwa neza, agahabwa umuti w’amaso, urukingo rw’igituntu n’imbasa.

INGARUKA MBERE YO KUBYARA

1. Gushwanyuka kw’imyanya ndangabitsina [dechirures]

2. Gusaduka kwa nyababyeyi

3. Umubyeyi utabyariye kwa Muganga ashobora kwandura SIDA

4. Iyo ubyariye mu rugo yanduye indwara zandura nka SIDA n’ izindi, ashobora kwanduza abandi baje

kumufasha kuko baba batikingiye [se proteger] cyangwa nabo bakamwanduza. Urugero nk’igihe ufite

igikomere mu kiganza ushobora kwandura kuko ntabwo uba wikingiye.

5. Gupfa k’umubyeyi cyangwa umwana

6. Umwana ashobora kuvuka ananiwe cyangwa se yapfuye

7. Umubyeyi utabyariye kwa Muganga ashobora kwandura

tetanus hamwe n’ Umwana kuko aba yabyaliye ahantu

hatabugenewe akenshi haba hali umwanda indwara

zanduliramo.

Document prepared by CCHIPS in collaboration with Chantal UWIBAMBE ©2007

May be reprinted for non commercial use without permission.

Trichirus trichiura (Tricocephale) Entamoeba (amibe)

Ankylostome duodenal

Uburwayi bwo mu nda buterwa n’inzoka

I. Iriburiro:

Nkuko bimenyerewe, abaturage bivuza muri C.S. ya Bisate bakunze kurwara mu nda. Ariko

abenshi biterwa n’inzoka kandi izo nzoka ziterwa n’umwanda, bityo bagafatwa n’impiswi

ikaba icyorezo gifata cyane cyane abana n’abagore kandi kikica abantu benshi aliyo mpamvu

tugomba kwilinda umwanda.

II. Uburyo umuntu yandura:

Hari uburyo umuntu yandura bwinshi burimo ubu

bukurikira:

☼ Kunywa amazi adatetse cg adasukuye

☼ Kurisha intoke zidasukuye

☼ Kugendesha ibirenge gusa

☼ Imisarane idapfundikiye isazi zigatwara amagi cg ibikonoshwa bya zimwe muri izo

nzoka

☼ Kwituma ahantu hatabigenewe

☼ Kurya ibiryo bibisi nk’imboga cyangwa inyama

III. Inzira tuzanduliramo:

☼ Hari inzira y’urwungano rw’igogora (voie digestive) iyo umuntu akoresheje intoki zi-

dasukuye bityo amagi y’inzoka (oeufs de parasites) cyangwa ibikonoshwa bya amibes

(kystes d’amibes) bikamanukana n’ibyo kurya umuntu akandura. Uwo mwanda ukunze

kuboneka ahantu hatarangwa imisarani kimwe n’aho iba aliko idasukuye.

☼ Kurya inyama cyanga imboga bidahiye neza kimwe n’imbuto zitaronze.

☼ Hali ubwoko bw’inzoka bushobora no kwinjirira mu ruhu kubatambara inkweto. Izo

nzoka zinyura mu rwungano nyamaraso, nyuma zigaca mu buhumekero, zigasubira mu

igogorwa.

IV. Ubwoko bw’inzoka:

1. Inzoka zandulira mu biryo biteguye nabi (bidasukuye)

Tenia saginata (iterwa n’inyama mbisi cyanga zidahiye neza)

Tenia solium (iterwa nayo n’inyama mbisi cyangwa zidahiye)

2. Inzoka zandulira mu igogorwa

3. Inzoka zandulira mu ruhu

Ascaris Lumbricoides (Roundworm)

Strongyloides Steridoris (Angullule)

Uko twakwirinda inzoka

Kugira ngo twilinde inzoka, tugomba kurangwa n’isuku muli byose n’aho aliho hose cyana cyane:

☼ Dukaraba intoki n’amazi meza n’isabune

☼ Twoza neza ibikoresho byo mu gikoni n’ibyo kumeza

☼ Kuronga imbuto mbere yo kuzirya

☼ Kwituma mu misarani isukuye kandi yujuje ibyangombwa

☼ Kunywa amazi atetse kandi akabikwa mu bikoresho bisukuye

☼ Gukaraba intoki uvuye kwituma cyangwa waramukanije n’abantu, mbere yo kurya.

Kwivuza inzoka

Mu gihe twumva tubabara mu nda, dukwiye kujya kwa Muganga akadupima, yasanga dufite inzoka

akaduha ibinini byo kuzica kuko zikenyanza ubuzima bwacu zitunyunyuza.

Dusabwe no kwitabira gahunda za Minisiteri y’ubuzima mu gihe cy’ivura rusange tugahabwa ikinini

cy’inzoka (Traitement en masse).

Mbere

Mbere

Nyuma

Document prepared by CCHIPS in collaboration with Jean Baptist NDIKUBWIMANA©2007

May be reprinted for non commercial use without permission.