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MANUFACTURINGPROCESSES

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CONTENTS

LATHE MACHINE GEAR HOBBING

MILLING MACHINES

PLANER

DRILLING MACHINE

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LATHE MACHINE

Lathe is a machine, which removes the metal from a piece of work to

the required shape &size

Types of Lathe

Engine LatheThe most common form of lathe, motor driven and comes in large varietyof sizes and shapes.

Bench Lathe

A bench top model usually of low power used to make precision machinesmall work pieces.

Tracer LatheA lathe that has the ability to follow a template to copy a shape or contour.

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Component description

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Lathe Operations

Turning: produce straight, conical, curved, or grooved workpieces

Facing: to produce a flat surface at the end of the part or for making face

grooves.

Boring: to enlarge a hole or cylindrical cavity made by a previous process

or to produce circular internal grooves.

Drilling: to produce a hole by fixing a drill in the tailstock

Threading: to produce external or internal threads

Knurling: to produce a regularly shaped roughness on cylindrical surfaces

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GEAR HOBBING

Gear hobbing is a multipoint machining process in which gear teeth are

progressively generated by a series of cuts with a cutting tool known ashob. Both the hob and the workpiece revolve constantly as the hob is fed acrossthe face width of the gear blank.

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Milling Machines

Used to produce one or more machined

surfaces accurately on workpiece

One or more rotary milling cutters

Workpiece held on work table or holding

device and brought into contact with cutter

Vertical milling machine most common Horizontal milling machine handles

operations normally performed by other

tools

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Ram-Type Vertical Milling Machine

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PLANER

A planer is a type of metalworking machine toolthat is some what similar to a shaper, but larger,and with the entire work piece moving beneaththe cutter, instead of the cutter moving above a

stationary work piece. The work table is movedback and forth on the bed beneath the cuttinghead either by mechanical means, such as arack and pinion gear, or by a hydraulic cylinder.

Planers and shapers were used generallyfor two types of work: generating accurate flatsurfaces and cutting slots.

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PLANING MACHINE PARTS

The principle parts of

the planer are:

Bed

Table Column

Cross rail

Tool head

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Drilling Machine

Drilling is the operation of producing circular hole in the work-

piece by using a rotating cutter called DRILL.

The machine used for drilling is called drilling machine.

The drilling operation can also be accomplished in lathe, in which

the drill is held in tailstock and the work is held by the chuck.

The most common drill used is the twist drill.

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Drilling Machine

It is the simplest and accurate machine used inproduction shop.

The work piece is held stationary ie. Clamped in

position and the drill rotates to make a hole.

Types :-

a) Based on construction:

Portable, Sensitive,Radial, up-right, Gang, Multi-

spindleb)Based on Feed:

Hand and Power driven

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Up-Right Drilling Machine

Drill holes upto 50mm

Table can move

vertically and radially

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Precautions for Drilling machine

Lubrication is important to remove heat and friction.

Machines should be cleaned after use

Chips should be removed using brush.

T-slots, grooves, spindles sleeves, belts, pulley should becleaned.

Machines should be lightly oiled to prevent from rusting

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