h;n] … s[lif if]q vqd 5Ú eg]® lg®fzf joqm ug]{x¿nfo{ unt ... · ls;fgdf b]lvof]– cfly{s,...

h;n] … s[lif If] q vQd 5Ú eg] ® lg®fzf JoQm ug] {x¿nfO{ unt ;fljt ub} { pBd ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] 5q5fofFdf u|fdL0f s[lifnfO{ … nf] enfUbf] Ú agfP.

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l8hfOglaqmd rGb| dh'dbf®bmajumdar33@gmail. com

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of] k'l: tsf kqsf® ®3'gfy nfld5fg] åf®f pBd ljsf; kl®of] hgf nfu' ePsf ;'v] {t, 88] nw'®f ® gjnk®f;Lsf] e|d0f u®L : jtGq¿kdf tof® kfl®Psf] xf] .

3

h;n] … s[lif If] q vQd 5Ú eg] ® lg®fzf JoQm ug] {x¿nfO{ unt ;fljt ub} { pBd ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] 5q5fofFdf u|fdL0f s[lifnfO{ … nf] enfUbf] Ú agfP.

5

tLg bzsb] lv cS;kmfdn] g] kfndf ;dtfd"ns ;dfh lgdf{0f ® hLljsf] kfHf{g ;'wf®sf nflu sfd ub} { cfO®x] sf] 5 . o;n] dlxnfnufot ;fgf ls;fg, ;LdfGts[t tyf k5fl8 kfl®Psf ju{sf] Ifdtf clej[l4df ;xof] u ub{} cfO®x] sf] 5 . cS;kmfdn] ls;fgnfO{ s[lifsf cfw'lgs k|ljlwx¿ k|of] u ug{ ® k|fljlws tyf Joj: yfksLo Ifdtf ljsf; u®L pgLx¿sf] hLljsf] kfh{gnfO{ lbuf] agfpg ;xof] u ul®®x] sf] 5 .

cS;kmfdsf] pBd ljsf; sfo{qmd -Ol8kL_ Ps pbfx®0fLo sfo{qmd xf] h;sf] p2] Zo s[lifdf cfwfl®t ;xsf®Lx¿sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 u®L pgLx¿nfO{ ahf®, k|ljlw ® cf} krfl®s a} lª\sª k|0ffnL;Fu hf] 8\g' xf] . o; sfo{qmdn] b'u{d 7fpFsf xhf®f} F ;fgf ls;fgnfO{ ;] jf ® ;'ljwf pknAw u®fO®x] sf] 5 . o; sfo{qmdaf6 nfeflGjt x'g] dWo] sl®a *) k|ltzt dlxnf 5g\ . oL ls;fg : yfgLo ;xsf®L ;+: yfsf ;] o®wgL x'g\ ® cfˆgf] pAhgLnfO{ ;xsf®Ldfkm{t ;~rflnt pBf] udf laqmL u5{g\ . pgLx¿n] ;xsf®Laf6 s[lif ;fdu|L, tflnd, C0f, s[lif k|;f® tyf cGo ;] jf÷;'ljwf Kf|fKt u5{g\ .

cS;kmfdn] ;g\ @)!! b] lv g] kfndf pBd ljsf; sfo{qmd ;~rfng ub} { cfO®x] sf] 5 . o;n] xfn tLgj6f pBdnfO{ ;xof] u k|bfg ul®®x] sf] 5 h;df ;'v] {tl: yt kljq aLp pBd, 88] nw'®fl: yt 8fkmfsf] ; t®sf®L tyf aLp pBd ® gjnk®f;Ll: yt rfdn pBd 5g\ . oL tLg} j6f pBd ;xsf®Lsf] : jfldTjdf ;~rflnt 5g\ .

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o; sfo{qmdn] ls;fgsf] cfly{s cj: yf ;'wf® ug{'sf ;fy} pgLx¿sf] ;fdflhs cj: yf klg dfly p7fPsf] 5 . ls;fgsf] cfTdljZjf; a9fpg'sf ;fy} pgLx¿nfO{ x] g] { ;fdflhs b[li6sf] 0fdf ;d] t kl®jt{g NofPsf] 5 . pgLx¿df g] t[Tj lng] , ;®sf®sf] s[lif nlIft ah] 6df rf;f] ®fVg] , pGgt tyf : t®Lo aLp ljhg ® s[lif ;fdu|Lsf] vf] hLgLlt ug] { ;fy} cfkm\gf] pTkfbgsf] plrt d"No bfaL ug] {] { Ifdtf j[l4 ePsf] 5 .

d o; pBd ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] nufgL ;ldlt, bftf, : yfgLo ;®sf®L lgsfo, ;fem] bf® ;+: yf, nfeu|fxL, ;®f] sf®jfnf Tfyf o; sfo{qmddf sfo{®t ®fli6«o tyf cGt®f{li6«o txsf ;Dk"0f{ sd{rf®LnfO{ w] ®} WfGojfb k|bfg ug{ rfxG5' . pxfFx¿af6 k|fKt lg®Gt® ;xof] un] g] kfndf ;fgf ls;fgsf] hLjg ;xh agfpg] xfd|f] sfo{qmdsf] nIodf ;kmntf k|fKt ePsf] 5 .

of] k'l: tsfdf ltg} ls;fgsf syf ;d] l6Psf 5g\ h;n] s8f kl®>d u®L cfkm\gf] hLjgdf w] ®} kl®jt{g NofPsf 5g\ . oL syfn] c¿ ls;fgnfO{ klg cl3 a9\g k|] ®0ff lbg] ck] Iff u®] sf] 5' .

l;;] lnof s] Oh®®fli6«o lgb] {zscS;kmfd g] kfn

6

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@) HofldtLo km8\sf] rGb| cf] emf ;xsf®L Joj: yfks, 88] nw'®f

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gj®fh pkfWofo lhld®] ef®, ab{3f6 gkf–&, gjnk®f;L

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7

kfFr ; sf] tfut

lhpFb} d¥ofsf] egL gfd 5 s: sf] < pBdlagf laTb5 sfn h: sf] .

em: sfP5, cflbslj efg'eQm cfrfo{sf] of] sljtfn] gjnk®f;Ll: yt ltnsk'®sf w"kgf®fo0f rf} w®LnfO{ . clg tft] 5g\ s] xL ug'{k5{ eg] ® . To;} n] P;cf®cfO k|ljlwaf6 wfg v] tL u®] ® bf] Aa® pTkfbg lnP cl3–cl3sf] eGbf . pgnfO{ o;®L yf] ®} hldgdf yf] ®} d] xgt u®] ® w] ®} wfg kmnfpg] l;krflxF ;xsf®Låf®f g} ;~rflnt tflndn] lbP5 . To;kl5 t s] rflxof] ® < w"kgf®fo0fdfq x} g, pgsL >LdtL;d] t ca c¿ hUufdf klg oxL k|ljlw cª\ufn] ® wfg v] tL ug] { ;f] rdf k'u] sL l5g\ . sf®0f– of] k|ljlwn] v] tL ubf{ dlxnfsf] sfo{af] em 36\of] ®] .

pBd ug{sf nflu ;a} eGbf klxn] ;r] tgf rflxGYof] h;nfO{ ufpFufpFdf ;~rflnt ;xeflutfd"ns l;sfO s] Gb|sf 5nkmnn] k"lt{ u¥of] . vf;u®L r'nf] rf} sf] d} ;Lldt dlxnf 8®fO8®fO o: tf s] Gb|df cfpg yfn] kl5 km®s b] lvP . s] xL ug'{k5{ eGg] ;f] r knfpg yfNof] . s] Gb|df cfpg] dlxnfdf a9] sf] cfF6af®] gjk®f;Ll: yt hxbfsL ;xhstf{ 6Lsf unfdLsf] cg'ej 5– ;'? ;'?df 3®sf k'?ifn] ufnL u5{g\ ls eg] ® n'lsl5kL cfpg] dlxnf klg oltv] ® 3®nfO{ … slGeG;Ú ub} { c¿ lbbLalxgLnfO{ ;d] t ;Fu} Nofpg yfn] sf 5g\ . cfkm"x¿ kl5 kg'{sf] sf®0f cfly{s pkfh{gsf sfddf gnfUg' g} xf] eGg] af®] v'Nndv'nf ax; ug{ ;Sg] ePsf 5g\ .

pBd t ug] { t® ;'?df rflxg] k'FhL s;®L hf] xf] ug] { < sxfF nu] ® a] Rg] < k|Zg y'k|} lyP oL pT;fxL;Fu . o;sf] pQ® ;'v] {tl: yt d] x] ns'gfsL ls;fg lkjnf jnL;Fu 5– Kofh v] tL ug] { aLp cfkm\g} kljq hgsNof0f ;xsf®Ln] lbof] , clg

;f®f+z

pTkfbg klg p;} n] lslglbof] . pQ® 88] nw'®fl: yt 88] nw'®f s[ifs ;xsf®Lsf Joj: yfks rGb| cf] emf;Fu klg 5– xfdLnfO{ sd{rf®L, k|fljlws ® cGo cfly{s ;xof] u pknAw ePkl5 ;d: of g} k®] g . ha ;xof] u ug{] xft xflh® 5g\ eg] ;d: o} s;®L l6ls®xg ;S5 ® <

;d: of Psflt® x'G5 ® ;dfwfg csf] {lt® . w] ®} nfO{ o;af®] 1fg gx'g klg ;S5 . To: t} eof] gjnk®f;Ll: yt s[lif ;xsf®L ;ª\3 lnld6] 8nfO{ . ldndf sd{rf®L lyPgg\, o;sf] Joj: yf eof] . Joj: yfksLo sdhf] ®L klg ;dfwfg eof] . nuQ} ls;fgn] pTkfbg ug] { wfgsf] ahf® Joj: yfkg ldnfpg] lg0f{o klg eof] t® ;d: of k'FhLsf] b] lvof] . ldn ®fd|f] cj: yfdf ;~rfng gePsfn] Aofª\sn] klg ljZjf; ul®xfNg] cj: yf lyPg eg] : yfgLo ;xsf®Lx¿sf] s®f] 8f} + h'6fpg] x} l;ot klg lyPg . of] ;+: yfsf Joj: yfks eG5g\– o: tf] cj: yfdf xfdLnfO{ ljleGg dfWodaf6 cfly{s ® k|fljlws ;xof] u h'6fpg ;+of] hg ug] { lgsfo km] nf k¥of] . clxn] t xfdLnfO{ k'FhL ;d: of 5} g, cfkm} F ;Ifd 5f} F vl®b ug{ .

;r] tgf, l;k, ;xof] u ® ;+of] hg o: tf kf6{k'hf{ lyP h;sf] ldngn] km';{lbnf] ls;fgnfO{ a] km';{bL agfof] . ;f] emf] nfO{ af7f] df kl®0ft u¥of] . hLljsf] kfh{gsf nflu v] tL ug] {nfO{ Jofj;flos ls;fg agfof] . cfkm\gf nflu lg0f{o ug] { ynf] df cfkm} F k'Ug'k5{ eGg] r] t knfof] . g] t[Tjsf] dxTj a'emfof] . @ ?lkofF kfpFbf klg kml®ofsf] km] ®df u'6'®d'6'® kf®] ® ;fFRg] ufpFn] dlxnf xhf®f} F v] nfpg] x} l;otdf k'u] . o;n] cfF6 a9fof] . ;du|df ls;fgsf] ® To;df klg dlxnf ls;fgnfO{ ;zQmLs®0f u¥of] .

o;®L ;zQmLs®0f ug] { qmddf sfo{qmdn] pknAw u®fPsf cg'bfg, C0f, tflnd, ;'emfj h: tf ljifon] e¥ofªsf] sfd u®] eg] ljQLo ;fIf®tf, Jofj;flos of] hgf, ahf® Joj: yfkg, df} Hbft tyf C0f Joj: yfkg, Joj;fo k|j4{g ;] jf h: tf ljleGg r®0fsf tflnd ;xof] un] ls;fgnfO{ pTkfbgb] lv pkef] Qmf;Dd k'Ug] dfu{ ;xh t'Nofof] . clg pkef] Qmfb] lv ahf®;Ddsf] ®fhdfu{df klg

8

kx'Fr : yflkt u®fof] . h;sf] ;sf®fTds k|efj pBdL ag] sf ls;fgdf b] lvof] – cfly{s, ;fdflhs ® ®fhgLlts If] qdf .

To;} n] t 88] nw'®fl: yt sf] 6] nL uflj;sL rGb|f hf] zL clxn] ufpFsf lbbLalxgLnfO{ cfkt\ljkt\ kbf{ C0f lblG5g\, ;fx" u'xfg} {kb} {g . pgL ge] l6Pdfq ;d"x jf ;xsf®Ldf hfg] x'g\ dflg; . cfkm\gf] c¿0f hftsf] ds} b'D;L ® : ofnn] vfOlbPkl5 oxLFsL xl®gf hf] zLn] logLx¿ gk'Ug] cUnf] hftsf] ®fdk'® sDhf] lh6 nufP® b'D;L ® : ofnnfO{ ;d] t 5SofOlbPsL l5g\ . clg oxL lhNnfsf] dfi7df8f} +sL ®fh'b] jL zfxL l;dLsf] km"n vfOlbg] r®fnfO{ 7] ufg nufpg sfkf] g} gePsf] n7\7L yfFqmf] xfNg] lg0f{odf k'u] sL l5g\ . ptf aLp v] tL km: 6fpg yfn] kl5 a} t8Ll: yt l;4k'® uflj;sf] 8} ;] nL ufpFsf s'g} dlxnf ;d"x o: tf 5} gg\ h;df Ps 8] 9 nfv ?lkofF hDdf gePsf] xf] ;\ . oL o: tf k|df0f x'g\ h;n] dlxnf ls;fgdf k|ikm'6g x'Fb} u®] sf] ;zQmLs®0f dfkg u5{g\ .

elgG5, ug] {eGbf u®fpg] 7"nf] . sf] xf] t o;®L ;'t] sf ufpFx¿ Ao'Femfpg] < pQ® kljq hgsNof0f ;xsf®Lsf Joj: yfks uf] ®vgfy cfrfo{, 88] nw'®f s[ifs ;xsf®Lsf Joj: yfks rGb| cf] emf ® s[lif ;xsf®L ;ª\3 lnld6] 8sf Joj: yfks gj®fh pkfWofo;Fu 5– pBd ljsf; sfo{qmd . h;n] oxL kfFr ; sf] hudf pleP® ;': t ® lgliqmo cj: yfdf ®x] sf ls;fgs} ;xsf®LnfO{ k|f0f eg] { sfd u¥of] . ls;fgnfO{ s] xL ug'{k5{ eGg] pTk|] ®0ff k|jfx u¥of] . To;sf nflu tflnd, k|fljlws ® Joj: yfksLo kIfdf e®dUb'® ;3fof] . To;} sf] kl®0ffd xf] – ufpFsf ls;fgdf gofF hfu?stf k} bf ePsf] 5 . lbSsnfUbf] sfdsf ¿kdf cYof{pg yflnPsf] s[lifdfkm{t\ g} hLjg rDsfpg ;lsG5 eGg] ;Gb] z km} lnPsf] 5 . o;n] s[lifk|lt ls;fgdf cfzf hfu[t u®] sf] 5 h'g s'®f of] k'l: tsfdfkm{t\ ;fj{hlgs k|ltlglwd"ns ufyfn] k'li6 u5{g\ .

kljq ;xsf®L ;+: yf ln=, ;'v] {t

l;=g+= ljj®0f Ol8kL ;'? x'Fbf #) ;]K6]Da/ @)!^ df!= ;b: o s[ifs @)! ((^@= dlxnf ;b: o %% ^^##= pTkfbg laqmL ug] { ;lqmo s[ifs @!^ !%%*$= pTkfbg laqmL ug] { ;lqmo dlxnf s[ifs !)@ !!@#

s[lif ;xsf®L ;ª\3 ln=, gjnk®f;L

l;=g+= ljj®0f Ol8kL ;'? x'Fbf #) ;]K6]Da/ @)!^ df!= ;b: o s[ifs @&(& #%$*@= dlxnf ;b: o @$(( #!@@#= pTkfbg laqmL ug] { ;lqmo s[ifs %) !@&&$= pTkfbg laqmL ug] { ;lqmo dlxnf s[ifs @% !!$(

88] nw'®f s[ifs ;xsf®L

l;=g+= ljj®0f Ol8kL ;'? x'Fbf #) ;]K6]Da/ @)!^ df!= ;b: o s[ifs ^)! ((&@= dlxnf ;b: o !#( $(^#= pTkfbg laqmL ug] { ;lqmo s[ifs ^!# !*(*$= pTkfbg laqmL ug] { ;lqmo dlxnf s[ifs #&@ !@@%

9

s] xf] pBd ljsf; sfo{qmd <

cS;kmfd g] kfndf #) jif{eGbf nfdf] ;dob] lv ul®aL Go"gLs®0f tyf Goflos ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu sfo{®t 5 . o; qmddf ljleGg sfo{qmd ;~rfng x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ . o: t} dWo] % jif{cl3 ;'? ePsf] pBd ljsf; sfo{qmd -Ol8kL_ n] u|fdL0f txdf ®x] sf ;fgf pBdnfO{ ;xof] u ® nufgL ug] { pko'Qm df] 8] n ljsf; u5{ . o; qmddf sfo{qmdn] Joj;fodf cfwfl®t cjwf®0ff cjnDag u®L C0f, cg'bfg ® k|fljlws ;xof] u pknAw u®fpg'sf ;fy} cfjZos ;dGjo ;'wf®df klg hf] 8 lbG5 .

;fgf ® dlxnf ls;fg pBdL, p;sf] kl®jf® x'Fb} l;ª\uf] ;d'bfonfO{ kl®jt{g ug{ u|fdL0f txdf ®x] sf pBdx¿nfO{ g} 5gf] 6 u®L lbuf] agfpg] of] sfo{qmd g] kfnnufot !& j6f ljsf;f] Gd'v b] zdf nfu' 5 . g] kfnsf] dWoklZrddf kg] { ;'v] {tl: yt kljq hgsNof0f s[lif ;xsf®L ;+: yf, ;'b"®klZrdf~rnsf] 88] nw'®fl: yt 88] nw'®f s[ifs ;xsf®L ;+: yf ® klZrdf~rnsf] t®fO{ If] qdf kg] { gjnk®f;Lsf] lhNnf s[lif ;xsf®L ;ª\3sf] vfB pBf] udfkm{t ;fgf ® dlxnf ls;fgsf] ;fdflhs ® cfly{s ljsf;df ;3fO®x] sf] 5 . To; qmddf Joj;fo ;~rfng, pTkfbg j[l4, Joj;fosf nflu cfjZos k'FhL aGbf] a: t x'Fb} ahf® Joj: yfkg;Ddsf] ;Dk"0f{ sfo{df e®k"® ;xof] u u5{ .

;fgf tyf demf} nf pBdx¿ ® s[ifs;DaGwL df} h'bf gLlt ljZn] if0f tyf cWoog u®L To;nfO{ ;fgf ® demf} nf s[lif pBdd} qL agfpg ;Nnfx lbg] ® nlaª;d] t ub} { cfPsf] 5 of] sfo{qmdn] . ;fy} dlxnfdfly n} lª\us cfwf®df x'g] e] befj ® lx+;f sd u®fpg ® dlxnfsf] cfly{s ;zQmLs®0fdf klg plQs} hf] 8 lbG5 . pTkfbgb] lv l;kd"ns tflnd, cfly{s sf®f] af®, ahf®;Fusf] afu] {lgª h: tf ;a} kIfdf dlxnfsf] g] t[Tj k|j4{g ug'{ Ol8kLsf] ljz] iftf g} xf] . To;} n] Ol8kL ® u|fdL0f dlxnf ls;fg Pscsf{sf kof{osf ¿kdf b] lvPsf 5g\ sfo{qmd nfu' ePsf If] qdf oltv] ® .

10

ut kmfu'gsf] dfq s'®f xf] – d] x] ns'gf–! sf adaxfb'® yfkf du®sf] lax] sf] lgDtf] cfof] , h;df ;Daf] wg ul®Psf] lyof] lvd;®f ®fgfnfO{ . g ls pgsf >Ldfg\ jf 5f] ®fsf] gfddf . oltdfq x} g, cr] n pgsf] 3®df cfpg] s'g} lgdGq0ff xf] ;\ jf lr7Lkq, ;a} h;f] df lvd;®fs} gfd n] lvPsf] x'G5 .

lvd;®fsf >Ldfg\ sfd ug{ ef®t uPsf 5g\ . b'O{ c9fO{ jif{df Ps k6s cfpF5g\ . >Ldfg\ 3®df gePs} sf®0f pgsf gfddf kq cfpg yfn] sf] x} g, >Ldfg\ gePs} sf®0f o;®L dlxnfsf] gfddf ;Daf] wg u®] ® cfpg] eP w] ®} sf gfddf cfpg'kYof] { lsgls of] ufpFsf w] ®} k'?if sdfpg ls ef®t uPsf 5g\ ls t vf8L d'n's . h] xf] ;\, cfkm\gf] gfd n] lvP® kqx¿ cfpFbf lvd;®f lgs} v';L l5g\ .

kq cfpg] ® cfkm\gf] gfd x] ®] ® dVv kg] {dfq x} g, lvd;®f lgDtf cfP hlt 7fpFdf EofpFl5g\ klg . … of] xfd|f nflu ®fd|f] cj;® klg xf] hfGg] ® l;Sg] . sfo{qmdx¿df hfFbf gofF s'®f yfxf x'G5, w] ®} ;Fu lrghfg a9\5, o: tf ;DaGw la: tf®n] ;a} sfddf ;xhtf NofpF5Ú – pgL elG5g\ . klxn] klxn] dlxnf eP® hxfF klg hfFbf s] eGnfg\ eGg] nfu] klg clxn] eg] To: tf] s'g} ;ª\sf] r gnfUg] egfO klg pgsf] 5 .

klxrfgsf] zfg

11

aLpsf] cfDbfgLn] wfG5 eg] e®y] urflxF >Ldfg\n] k7fpg] ;xof] uaf6 x'G5 .

cl3Nnf] df} ;ddf dfq d"nfsf] # lSjG6n aLp a] r] sL lvd;®fn] ufpF 6f] nd} ;a} eGbf a9L d"nfsf] aLp pTkfbg ug] { cu'jf ls;fgsf] kl®ro klg agfPsL l5g\ . To;} n] t pgnfO{ ufpFdf dfq x} g, l5d] sL uflj;x¿df klg lrgfPsf] 5 . pgsf gfddf lgdGq0ff ® lr7Lkq cfpg'sf d'Vo sf®0f klg oxL xf] . h;nfO{ lvd;®f cfkm} F … crDdsf] kl®jt{gÚ sf ¿kdf cYof{pFl5g\ .

ha >Ldfg\ 3® cfpF5g\ ta b'j} hgfaLr 5nkmn x'G5 sdfOaf®] . s;n] slt cjlwdf slt sdfof] eGg] af®] ax;} x'G5 . … ha d] ®f] sdfO a9L b] lvG5 ta >Ldfg\n] wGojfb lbFbf lgs} v';L nfU5Ú , lvd;®f ylK5g\– cfkm\g} ;d"x ® ;xsf®Ldf klg lgoldt art ug] { u®] sL 5' . cfjZos k®] sf a] nf o: tf artn] lgs} sfd u®] sf] 5 . ca s] xL k} ;f hDdf ePsfn] tTsfn} b'O{ afv|f yKg vf] Hb} 5' .

cfkm\gf] d] xgtnfO{ sb® ub} { ufpF l5d] saf6 k|fKt ;b\efj, kljq hgsNof0f ;xsf®Lsf h] l6Paf6 k|fKt k|fljlws ;xof] u tyf uf] r] vf] nfsf] kfgLn] lgs} d2t u®] sf] pgL atfpFl5g\ . ;fy} cfkm"nfO{ … s] xL ug{Ú xf} ;nf ® jftfj®0f k|bfg ug] { kljq hgsNof0f ;xsf®L ;+: yfn] klg cfkm"df cfTdljZjf; r'Nofpg ;3fPsf] lvd;®f atfpFl5g\ . o;®L r'lnPsf] cfTd;DdfgnfO{ dfkg ug{ g;lsg] eGb} pgL o;n] cem} cl3 a9\g klg xf} : ofPsf] ;'gfpFl5g\ . To;} n] t clxn] lvd;®f l5d] sL lbbLalxgLsf nflu;d] t yf] ®} hldgdf w] ®} aLp pTkfbg u®L a9LeGbf a9L cfDbfgL s;®L ug] { eGg] k|Zgsf] pQ® aGg ;s] sL l5g\ . o;n] lgs} v';L t'NofPsf] atfpg klg e'lNbgg\ pgL .

pgnfO{ ;dfhn] x] g] { b[li6sf] 0fdf km®s cfpg'sf] sf®0f s] xf] t < … cfly{s¿kdf ;an eP® xf] nf .Ú s;®L < … c¿ t s;®L x'g', ToxL s[lif pBddf ;lqmo eP® nfu] sLn] xf] nfÚ – pgL ylK5g\ . ;f] emf] cy{df eGbf d'nf -ldgf] cnL{_ sf] aLp v] tL ug] { lvd;®f o;} nfO{ cfkm\gf] hLjgdf cfPsf] km8\sf] 7flG5g\ . l;FrfO nfUg] ^ ®f] kgL hlt ® gnfUg] @ ®f] kgL hldg ePsL lvd;®fn] cfkm\gf] cfwf hldgdf o: tf] aLp nufPsL l5g\ . h;n] pgsf] dfq x} g, l;ª\u} kl®jf®sf] kfngkf] if0f wfg] sf] 5 .

5f] ®L laP8 k9\b} l5g\ eg] b'O{ 5f] ®f ( ® & df k9\5g\ . logLx¿nfO{ k9fOn] vfO u®fpg] b] lv vfglkg;Ddsf] ;a} cfjZostf aLp pTkfbgaf6 cfpg] vr{n] g} wfg] sf] 5 pgsf] . cem egf} F, pgsf] d'Vo cfDbfgL oxL xf] . ufpFsf w] ®} sf] hLljsf] kfh{g ljb] lzPsf k'?ifsf] sdfOn] wfG5, To;df cfkm\gf] pTkfbgsf] e"ldsf yf] ®} x'G5 t® lvd;®fsf] eg] ljns'n} km®s 5 . pgsf] d'Vo vr{

clxn] lvd;®fx¿n] xfdL h: tf k|fljlws;Fu ®fVg] lh1f;f xfd|} nflu klg ®f] rs ® cljZd®0fLo aGg] u®] sf] 5 . pgLx¿ olt rf;f] ®fV5g\ ls dfgf} F, ;a} nfO{ pl5g] ® d'n'ss} ;a} eGbf ;kmn pBdL ls;fgdf bl®Fb} 5g\ . To;} n] t xfdL cln lg®fz, cln cN5L ls;fgnfO{ pgLx¿s} pbfx®0f lbP® pTk|] l®t ug] { u5f} {+ . pgLx¿s} d] xgt ® k|ultsf] syf h: tfsf] t: t} ;'gfOlbG5f} F . cfly{s¿kdf ;jn ePkl5 k|fKt x'g] klxrfgsf] v'n] ® k|z+;f ul®lbG5f} F . h;n] c¿ ls;fgdf klg ;fx; el®lbG5 . s] xL ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] efjgf hufOlbG5 .

x: t lass[lif k|fljlws, kljq hgsNof0f ;xsf®L, ;'v] {t

lvd;®f ®fgfgfFuL, d] x] ns'gf–%,

;'v] {t

12

5f] ®f5f] ®L ghGdfPsf] eGb} >Ldfg\n] csf] { lax] u®] ® 5'6\6} a;] kl5 xl®b] jL PSn} a: g afWo eOg\ . p;} t PSnf] p®f7nfUbf] lhGbuL, To;dfly ®f] un] k5\ofof] pgnfO{ g} . 3fF6L b'Vg] ®f] u 5 . kTy®Ln] ;tfPsf] s] xL jif{ eof] . pkrf®sf nflu af®Daf® sf] xnk'® ® g] kfnuGh uO®xg'k5{ . lgoldt cf} iflw vfO®xg'k5{ . 8S6®n] ck®] ;g g} ug'{k5{ eg] sf 5g\ . b'O{ tLg jif{otf oL b'O{ ®f] usf] pkrf®sf nfludfq ;fF9] b'O{ nfv ?lkofF vr{ eO;Sof] . vr{ ug] { ® x'g] qmd hf®L 5 .

of] vr{ sxfFaf6 cfO®x] sf] 5 t < k|Zg v: g gkfpFb} pQ® lblG5g\– aLp a] r] ® . ;fFRr} xf] klg, pgL d"nfsf] aLp pTkfbg ug] { ls;fg x'g\ . kl5Nnf] k6s klg pgn] # ®f] kgL hUufdf d"nfsf] aLp nufPsL l5g\ . $) lbg] d"nfsf] aLp nufpg yfn] b] lv sdfpg ;'? u®] sL pgL;Fu art 5} g t® pkrf®sf nflu vr{ ug{ ;d: of klg 5} g . To;} n] t pgL lgw{Ss hf] ;'s} ;Fu klg elG5g\ ls dnfO{ cfh;Dd arfpg] g} aLp xf] gq t dl®;Sy] F x'Fnf .

cfkm\gf] Hofg arfpg] aLp pTkfbgdf nfUg'sf] klg 5'6\6} syf 5 pgL;Fu . pgL w] ®yf] ® t®sf®L t nufpFlyg\ t® To;n] h] gt] g u'hf®fsf] ;Ldf gf3\g ;s] sf] lyof] . olQs} df # jif{klxn] kljq hgsNof0f ;xsf®Lsf sd{rf®L ufpF rfxg] { qmddf pgsf] 3®df klg cfOk'u] . ltgn] g} xl®b] jLnfO{ aLp nufpg pTk|] l®t u®] . xl®b] jL elG5g\– ;'?df t aLp nufP® s] vfg] , s;n] lsG5, k} ;f ®fd|f] cfpg] xf] ls x} g h: tf k|Zg p7] cfkm} Fleq . ha ;xsf®Lsf k|fljlwsn] ;a} s'®f a'emfP, xfdL ;xof] u

h;n] arfO®x] sf] 5

13

u5f} {F eg] , To;kl5 d aLptkm{ cfslif{t ePF . clxn] t pgLx¿n] eg] sf] 7Ls} ®x] 5 eGg] nfUg yfn] sf] 5 .

b} lgs u'hf®fdfq x} g, cfkm\g} Hofg arfpg rflxg] ;Ddsf] cfDbfgL pknAw u®fpFb} cfPsf] aLp v] tLn] cem} pgnfO{ ;Gt'i6 agfpg ;s] sf] 5} g . pgL cem} aLp v] tLsf] If] qkmn a9fpg rfxlG5g\ . Ps l;hgdf @$ hgf hltnfO{ sfd lbg' -v] tfnf nufpg'_ ® @–# xn uf] ?;d] t nufpg'n] pgL yf] ®} g} lsg gxf] ;\ c¿nfO{ ®f] huf® lbg] x} l;otdf klg l5g\ olta] nf . v] tLsf] cfsf® a9fPkl5 cem} w] ®} nfO{ sfd lbg

;lsg] ® To;f] ubf{ c¿sf] u'hf®f klg ;xh x'g] atfpFl5g\ xl®b] jL .

t®sf®L nufpg] , ljiffbL agfpg] , dn agfpg] ® xfNg] h: tf ljljwvfn] tflnd klg lnPsL l5g\ pgn] . ;xsf®Ln] cfkm\g} ;d"xdfkm{t\ pknAw u®fPsf] o: tf] tflndn] v] tL ug{] sfo{df lgs} d2t k'¥ofPsf] ® cfkm\gf] ;kmntfsf] >] o tflndnfO{ klg lbg'kg] { egfO pgsf] 5 . oxL sf®0f cfkm"nfO{ aLp nufpg] b] lv a] Rg] ;Ddsf] 1fg pknAw ePsf] atfpg] xl®b] jL k9] ®eGbf k®] ® hflgg] s'®fnfO{ a9L dxTj lbg'kg] { cfkm\g} cg'ejn] k'li6 u®] sf] klg ;'gfpFl5g\ .

pkrf®sf nflu vr{ u®] ® afFsL ®x] sf] cfDbfgL art klg ug] { u®] sL l5g\ pgn] . lgw{gdf # ;o, kljqdf ;o, lbbLalxgLdf ;o, xl®ofnLdf %) ® cfdf ;d"xdf %) u®L % j6f ;+: yfdf dfl;s ^ ;o ?lkofF art ul5{g\ . 3®glhs} 3'DtLdf vf] n] sf] s: d] l6s k;n ®fd|f] grn] klg o: tf artn] pkrf® h: tf cTofjZos sfddf 7"nf] ®fxt k|bfg ug] { atfpFl5g\ . clg … 3'Db} lkmb} { ?Dhf6f®Ú eg] em} F o;®L art ug{ ;Sg] agfpg'sf] >] o klg oxL aLp nufpg l;sfpg] kljq hgsNof0f ;xsf®LnfO{ lbg e'lNbgg\ . Toltdfq x} g, o;sf] >] o lbg e'Nof] eg] kfk} nfUg] ;d] t atfpFl5g\ .

pBdtkm{sf] pgsf] oxL nufjs} sb®: j¿k xf] ls kljq hgsNof0f ;xsf®Ln] oxL jif{dfq pgnfO{ km?jf ® jiff{bL pkxf® lbP® ;Ddfg;d] t u®] sf] lyof] . … w] ®} ls;fgaLr pTs[i6sf ¿kdf ;Ddflgt x'g kfpFbf lgs} xf} ;nf a9] sf] 5Ú – k|ltlqmof o: tf] 5 ;Ddflgt ePkl5sf] .

xl®b] jL vqLe] ®L uª\uf–%, d} gt8f,

;'v] {t

kljq ;xsf®Ln] pBd ljsf; sfo{qmddfkm{t\ aLp pTkfbgdf hf] 8 lbPkl5 ufpFsf xl®b] jL h: tf dlxnfsf] hLjgrof{ ;xh ePsf] 5 . o;n] Psflt® ul®aL 36fpg ;xof] u k'u] sf] 5 eg] csf] {lt® dlxnfsf] cfTdljZjf; klg a9fPsf] 5 . d] ®f] 3® c3f{vfFrL eP klg @% jif{b] lv oxLF a;] ® k9fpFb} cfPsf] 5' . *–( jif{cl3;Dd oxfF jiff{ofddf v] tL x'GYof] eg] lxpFbdf hUuf afFem} ®fVg] rng lyof] . t® kljq ;xsf®L h: tf ljleGg ;ª\3;+: yfn] ;xhLs®0f ug{ yfn] kl5 x] bf{x] b} { ufpFdf kl®jt{g cfof] . xl®b] jL To;} sf] Ps HjnGt pbfx®0f x'g\ .clxn] vf;u®L dlxnfsf] hLjg: t® psf: g ® cfly{s pkfh{gsf nflu aLp pTkfbg sf;] 9'ª\uf] ;fljt ePsf] 5 . cfly{s¿kdf ;zQmLs®0f ePkl5 pgLx¿sf] cfTdljZjf; a9\g'sf ;fy} g] t[Tj Ifdtf klg a9\bf] ®x] 5 . s] xL u®f} F eGg] efjgf klg ljsl;t x'g] ®x] 5 . olt ePkl5 dlxnfnfO{ x] g] { ;dfhsf] b[li6sf] 0f klg km] l®g] ®x] 5 . of] 7fpFdf d] ®f] nfdf] a;fOn] oxL eG5 . ;du|df o: tf sfo{qmd cem b'u{d ® dlxnf kl5 kfl®Psf 7fpFdf klg hfg'k5{ . To;f] ePdfq pGgltsf] ;Gt'ng sfod x'g ;S5 .

®fdk|;fb kf] v®] n;fdflhs lzIfs, ;"o{ Hof] lt pdflj, d] x] ns'gf, ;'v] {t

14

>Ldfg\ 3® agfpg] 8sdL{ . d Kofhsf] aLp pTkfbg ug] { ls;fg . >Ldfg\sf] sfd ;w} F x'Fb} g . d] ®f] eg] afx|} dlxgf eO®xG5 . >Ldfg\ sfd ePsf a] nf lbgsf] & ;o ?lkofF sdfpF5g\ . d] ®f] Ps lsnf] u|fd aLps} (%) ?lkofF cfpF5 . d jif{df 8] 9 nfveGbf a9Lsf] t aLp g} laqmL u5'{ t® >Ldfg\sf] cfDbfgL eg] Plsg x'Gg– >Ldfg\;Fu cfkm\gf] sdfO t'ngf ub} { elG5g\ lkanf .

lkanfsf] a: tL d] x] ns'gfsf] ahf®af6 em08} tLg 306f 6f9fsf] hª\un aLrdf k5{ . h;nfO{ : yfgLo afl;Gbf n] s eG5g\ . psfnf] –cf] ®fnf] , lgs} 6f9f, ljBfno, uflj;, s'6fgL lk;fgL ldn cfphfp ug{ sl7g . oxL sf®0f n] s d] x] ns'gfaf;Ls} nflu klg b'u{d a'emfpg] zAbsf ¿kdf kl®lrt 5 . t® ToxL n] sdf a;] ® lkanfn] u®] sf] k|ult eg] klxnf] k6s ;'Gg] n] lha|f] 6f] Sg] vfnsf] 5 .

hfFb} ubf{ o;dfly klg a: tL 5 ® < eGg] x¿ lkanfsf] a: tL k'u] kl5 b] lvg] xl®ofnLn] n7\7} k5{g\ . @ ®f] kgLdf Kofhsf] aLp nufPsL pgsf] c¿ hldg klg s] xL g s] xL aLp ® t®sf®Ln] el®e®fp b] lvG5 . Ps} df} ;ddf k|ltlsnf] u|fd ! xhf® ?lkofFsf b®n] &) lsnf] u|fd;Dd Kofhsf] aLp laqmL ug] { lkanf x®] s jif{ o: t} kl®df0fdf aLp a] lR5g\ . o;kfln klg cfkm"n] kljq hgsNof0f ;xsf®L;Fu Kofhsf] aLp a] Rg] ;Demf} tf ul®;s] sf] ® &) lsnf] u|fds} xf®fxf®Ldf pTkfbg x'g] cg'dfgn] v';L t'NofPsf] 5 pgnfO{ .

ha kljq hgsNof0f ;xsf®Lsf k|fljlwsn] # jif{cl3 lkanfx¿nfO{ Jofj;flos¿kdf Kofhsf] aLp nufpg k|] l®t u®] , To;kl5 pgLdfq x} g, pgsf] ufpFdf @) hgf hltn] Kofhsf]

d} x'F cy{ dGqL

15

Kofhsf] aLp ls;fgsf nflu clgjfo{ cfjZostf ag] sL l5g\ . ;'?df ;xsf®Ln] lbPsf] tflnd lnP® s] xL s'®f hfg] klg w] ®} s'®frflxF v] tL ub} { hfg] qmddf l;s] sf] lkanfsf] egfO 5 . hUufcg';f® afnL nufpg hfg] sL pgL oxL sf®0f cu'jf s[ifssf] klxrfg;d] t agfpg ;kmn l5g\ .

hª\unsf] aLrdf a: tL ePsfn] aFb] n, afFb®nufotsf hª\unL hgfj®n] clt g} ;tfpg] u5{g\ . To;} n] t lkanfn] o: tf hgfj®n] ?rfpg] ds} h: tf afnL k|lt: yfkg u®] ® p;n] g?rfpg] Kofh h: tf v] tLdf Wofg a9fPsL x'g\ . ls;fgx¿ ldn] ® l;FrfOsf] ®fd|f] Joj: yf u®] sfn] klg v] tLkftLk|lt ?lr a9] sf] egfO klg 5 pgsf] . Pp6f ;+: yfsf] ;xof] udf l;FrfOsf nflu aGb} u®] sf] 6\ofª\sL lgdf{0f pkef] Qmf ;ldltsf] cWoIf cfkm} F ag] ® emg} Jojl: yt l;FrfO Joj: yfkgdf klg h'l6®x] sL l5g\ lkanf oltv] ® .

lkanf bDktLsf] pknlAw klg sDtf cfsif{s 5} g . bdf® -a] ;L_ df & ®f] kgL hUuf lsg] ® To;df 3®;d] t agfPsf 5g\ . ev{®} h;f] dª\un;"q agfPsL l5g\ . h;df >Ldfg\ ® ef®taf6 5f] ®fn] k7fpg] k} ;fsf] e"ldsf eP klg d'VorflxF aLps} cfDbfgL xf] elG5g\ pgL . cfkm\gf] d] xgtcg';f®sf] kl®0ffdaf6 lgs} v';L b] lvg] lkanf pgnfO{ o; sd{df nfUg pTk|] l®t ug] { kljq ;xsf®Ls} nflu klg uj{sf] ljifo ag] sf] 5 .

>Ldfg\ k|foM sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf 3®aflx®} ®xg] ePsfn] ;a} lx;falstfasf] lhDdf klg logs} sfFwdf 5 . aLp a] r] sf] k} ;f xf] ;\ ls cGo s'g} ;|f] taf6 cfPsf] , ;a} ®fVg] lkanf g} x'g . ar] sf] k} ;fn] ;'g agfpg] xf] ls 5f] ®f5f] ®LnfO{ sk8f lslglbg] eGg] lg0f{ostf{ klg pg} x'g . … xfdL s] xL ug'{kbf{ a"9fa"9L ;Nnfx u5f} {F t® pxfFn] dnfO{ nfu] sf] s'®f ug{ slxNo} klg 5] Sg'x'GgÚ , lkanf xfF: b} ylK5g\– To;} n] t d of] 3®sf] cy{ dGqL x'F eg] sf] Sof <

pgnfO{ >Ldfg\n] cfly{s sf®f] af® ;'Dk] sf] b] Vbf s] xLn] l®; klg ubf{ ®x] 5g\ . o;af®] >Ldfg\sf] k|ltlqmof ;'gfpFb} lkanf elG5g\– … t® o;af®] df d] ®f] >Ldfg\nfO{ s'g} lrGtf 5} g, pxfF dnfO{ klg lrGtf glng eGg'x'G5 .Ú >Ldfg\sf] egfO p4[t ub} { pgn] ylkg\– d 3®aflx® ®xG5', ltdLnfO{ w] ®} ;3fpg kfpFlbg . ltdLn] u®] sf] v] tLaf6 x'g] sdfO ltdLn] g} g®fv] s;n] ®fV5 t, eGg] nfO{ eGg b] pm . sfu u®fpFb} u5{, lkgf ;'Sb} u5{ .

cfkm\gf] d] xgtsf] sb® ub} { >Ldfg\n] lbg] o: tf xf} ;nfn] lg®Gt® cl3 a9\g k|] l®t u®] sf] 5 pgnfO{ .

aLp nufpg yfn] sf 5g\ . h;n] lkanfdfq geO{ l;ª\u} ufpFn] sf] hLjg: t® psf: g d2t u®] sf] 5 t® o;aLrdf lkanf eg] km®s l5g\ lsgls pgL ;a} eGbf a9L Kofhsf] aLp pTkfbg ug] { s[ifssf] klxrfg agfpg ;kmn eOg\ . clg o;} af6 ufpFd} ;a} eGbf a9L sdfO ug] { pBdL klg algg\ .

pgL k[ys x'g'sf] sf®0f of] dfq x} g . pgL cfkm} F ;–;fgf] s[lif k|fljlws klg alg;s] sL l5g\ ub} { hfFbf . To;} n] t Kofhsf] aLp pTkfbgaf®] a] lnla: tf® nufpFl5g\– … c;f] h clGtddf a] gf{ ®fVg] , dlª\;® clGtddf ®f] Kg] , ^ dlxgfdf

pv] Ng] , kft sf6] ® ufgf ®fVg] , To;kl5 a'Oundf e08f®0f ug] {, sflQsdf To;nfO{ ®f] Kg] , ljiffbLn] pkrf® ug] {, rf} 8f $% ;] lG6ld6® ® km®s #) ;] lG6ld6®df ®f] Kg] , h] 7 nfu] kl5 lgsfNg] , # lbg hlt u'D: ofpg] , To;kl5 3®leq} bf] 5fofFdf $–% lbg ;'sfpg] , clg bfgf emfg] {, To;kl5 lgkmGg] , sfnf] dfq ®fVg] , clg ;xsf®Ldf nu] ® a] Rg] Ú – Kofhsf] aLp tof® ug{ nfUg] !* dlxgfsf] … ?l6gÚ sG7} 5 pgnfO{ .

pgsf] of] 1fg l5d] sL cGo ls;fgnfO{ klg sfd nfUg] u®] sfn] klg lkanf ;a}

lkanf cf] nLs] ®] gL, d] x] ns'gf–*,

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xfd|f] ;xsf®Lsf] p2] Zo ;a} ls;fgnfO{ aLp Joj;fodf nufpg] xf] . cfjZos dn, aLp, k} ;f ® k|ljlw hlta] nf hlt kl®df0fdf cfjZos k5{ pknAw u®fpg] xf] . r] tgf;Fu;Fu} aLpdfkm{t\ cfTdlge{® agfO cfly{s, ;fdflhs : t® j[l4 u®fpg] xf] . o;sf nflu xfdL ls;fgnfO{ pTkfbg C0f klg lbG5f} F . pgLx¿sf pTkfbg cfkm} F vl®b u®] ® laqmL ljt®0fsf] Joj: yf klg ldnfpF5f} F . o; jif{af6 xfdL cfkm\g} a|fG8sf] aLp cfsif{s Kofs] lhªsf ;fy ahf®df NofPsf 5f} F . o;®L of] ;xsf®LnfO{ g] kfns} pTs[i6 aLp ;xsf®Lsf ¿kdf lrgfpg] k|oTgdf 5f} + oltv] ® xfdL . o;sf nflu Ol8kL ® lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] xfdLnfO{ e®k'® ;xof] u klg pknAw u®fO®x] sf 5g\ . To;} n] p2] Zo ;kmn x'g] df ljZj: t klg 5' .

gpnl;+x vqLcWoIf, kljq hgsNof0f ;xsf®L ;+: yf ln=, ;'v] {t

16

ha d] x] ns'gfl: yt kljq hgsNof0f ;xsf®L ;+: yfn] aLpsf] k} ;f lng cfpg] ;"rgf hf®L u5{ Tolta] nf ;a} aLp ls;fg cfkm\gf] d] xgtsf] k} ;f lng xtf®xtf® k'Ug] u5{g\ t® k} ;f lng] of] le8df d] x] ns'gfs} hf®sf6] sf eg] sf] xL klg ls;fg b] lvGgg\ . sf®0f– pgLx¿n] aLp ;xsf®LnfO{ glbPsfn] x} g, pN6} ;xsf®LnfO{ ltg'{kg] { ePsfn] ToxL k} ;f s6fp eGb} guPsf x'g . h'g qmd tLg jif{b] lv hf®L 5 .

hf®sf6] sf ;a} aLp pTkfbs ls;fgn] tLg jif{b] lv ;xsf®LnfO{ cfkm\gf] aLp laqmLjfktsf] k} ;f ltl®®xg'kg] { sf®0f s] xf] t < lsg lnP pgLx¿n] C0f < slt lnP < s] sf nflu < JolQmut xf] ls ;fd"lxs < ca slt afFsL 5 ltg{ < hf] ;'s} nfO{ klg lh1f;f nfUg ;S5 .

log} k|Zgx¿sf] pQ® a8f] dL7f] z} nLdf lblG5g\ uª\ufdfof kf} 8] n hf] of] If] qdf lrlgPsL aLp pTkfbs s[ifs klg x'g\– kljq ;xsf®Ln] xfdLnfO{ aLp v] tL ug{ xf} : ofof] . o;af®] a'emfof] ® aLp klg pknAw u®fof] . xfdL hf®sf6] df ®x] sf ;a} -@^ 3®_ n] aLp nufpg ;'? u¥of} F . t® aLp v] td} ;'Sof] . l;FrfOsf] Joj: yf gePsfn] ;'s] sf] aLp 6'n'6'n' x] g'{sf] ljsNk xfdL;Fu ®x] g . o;n] xfdL ;a} nfO{ lrlGtt agfof] . nuQ} ;d"x -em®gf aLp pTkfbg ;d"x_ sf] a} 7s a: of} F ® l;FrfOsf] Joj: yf h;®L klg ldnfpg] 6'ª\uf] df k'Uof} F . ljleGg ljsNkaf®] 5nkmn eof] .

pgn] ylkg\– uf] r] vf] nfsf] d'xfgaf6 kfgL NofP® Ps hgfn] 36\6 rnfO®x] sf lyP . xfdLn] oxL 36\6 rnfpg] s'nf] g} lslglbg] lg0f{o u¥of} F, !@ nfvdf s'®f l5lgof] . t®

n hf t, s'n} lslgof]

17

s'n} lslglbg] uª\ufx¿sf] cfF6s} sf®0f xf] ls clxn] oxL s'nf] sf nflu ljleGg ;®sf®L tyf u} ®;®sf®L If] qaf6 klg ah] 6 ljlgof] hg ePsf] 5 . ca of] k} ;faf6 s'nf] nfO{ kSsL agfpg] of] hgf klg ;d"xsf ls;fgn] ul®;s] sf 5g\ . ;xsf®Lsf] C0f ltl®;s] kl5 eg] ®fd|} cfDbfgL xft kg] {df oxfFsf pBdL s[ifs cfzfjfbL b] lvPsf 5g\ .

hf®sf6] ( g+= j8fdf k®] klg oxfF * g+= sf s] xL afl;Gbfsf] klg hUuf 5 . pgLx¿ ;'?df s'nf] df k} ;f xfNg gdfg] klg oltv] ® v] t–v] tdf s'nf] rfn] sf] nf] en] oxL ;d"xdf ldl;P® s'nf] sf k|of] ustf{ ag] sf 5g\ . t'n;f las, lbn;®f, l;d;®f, lgd{nf, k'lgsnf, Vo'®Lx¿ clxn] s'nf] df nfu] sf] ®sd bfdf;fxLn] lt®] ® aLp pTkfbgdf ;l®s ePsf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] cfkm"x¿n] ;'?df s'®f ga'em] sfn] uNtL eof] eGb} wdfwd cfa4tfsf] dfu ul®®x] sf ® s'nf] df nfu] sf] k} ;f a'emfpg ®fhLv';L;fy tof® ePsf] egfO klg uª\ufsf] 5 .

crDds} ufpF 5 hf®sf6] . @^ dWo] @ 3®df dfq k'?if -aRrf ® j[4afx] s_ 5g\ . ;a} sdfpg ls ef®t uPsf 5g\ ls t dn] l;of, stf®, ;fpbL c®a h: tf b] z . s[ifs ;d"xsf cWoIf lrqaxfb'® jnL ® ld: qL wgaxfb'® lasafx] s ufpFe® l;nf vf] Hbf klg kfOGgg\ jo: s k'?if . To;} n] of] ufpFdf x'g] x®] s ultljlwdf dlxnfs} afx'Notf x'g] g} eOxfNof] . To;} n] s'nf] lsGg] , o;sf nflu k} ;f h'6fpg] , ltg] { ;a} s'®fdf b] lvPsf] … dlxnf cfF6Ú sf] v'n] ® k|z+;f gug] {x¿ e] 6\g} ;lsGg j®k® . cyf{t ;fx;L dlxnfsf] bhf{ kfPsf 5g\ hf®sf6] sf pBdLn] .

l;FrfO pknAwtfkl5 k|fKt cfDbfgLn] xf} l;PsL uª\uf ca yk hUufdf klg aLp nufpg] ;f] r atfpFl5g\ . yk hldgdf nufpg vf] Hg'sf] sf®0f o: tf] 5 pgsf] – … hlta] nf xfdLn] s'nf] lsg] sf lyPgf} F hDdf %) lsnf] u|fd hlt aLp pTkfbg x'GYof] t® clxn] l;FrfO nfUg] ePkl5 Tolt g} hldgdf 8] 9b] lv b'O{ lSjG6n;Dd pTkfbg x'g yfn] sf] 5 . clg xf} l;g' t : jfefljs} eof] lg .Ú uª\ufsf] dfq x} g, oxfFsf ;a} pBdLsf] xf} ;nf a9\g'sf] d'Vo sf®0f oxL pTkfbg j[l4n] NofPsf] v';L g} xf] .

csf] { ;d: of cfOnfUof] , pQm s'nf] hf®sf6] ;Dd Nofpg csf] { !@ nfv ?lkofF rflxGYof] . To;sf nflu klg k} ;f h'6fpg] af®] 5nkmn eof] . lgisif{ lgl: sof] ls 5AaL;} 3®af6 k|lt®f] kgL @^ ;osf b®n] p7fpg] . gk'u k} ;f lg < … kljq ;xsf®L;Fu C0f dfUg] .Ú

geGb} kljq ;xsf®Ln] ;fF9] !# nfv ?lkofF uª\ufx¿sf] ;d"xnfO{ C0f lbof] . o;®L hDdf ePsf] k} ;fn] pgLx¿n] l;ª\uf] s'nf] lsg] ® To;nfO{ cfkm\gf] v] t–v] t;Dd nfUg] agfP . olta] nf hf®sf6] df s'g} To: tf] hUuf 5} g, h'g

km'ª\u p8] sf] xf] ;\, s'g} To: tf] hUuf b] lvGg h'g afFem} xf] ;\, s'g} To: tf] afnL kfOGg h'g b] Vb} lj®Qm nfUg] u®L ;'s] sf] xf] ;\ . … ;xsf®Ln] s'df®L Aofª\s;Fu pTkfbg a9fpg] p2] Zon] C0f lnPsf] lyof] , hf®sf6] sf s[ifs ;d"xn] s'nf] lsGg] k|of] hgsf nflu C0f dfu u®] kl5 p2] Zo ldn] sfn] lbof} FÚ – kljq ;xsf®Lsf cWoIf gpnl;+x vqL C0f lbg kfPsfdf v';L k|s6 ub} { yK5g\– xfdLn] Aofª\snfO{ ltl®;s] sf 5f} F eg] s[ifs ;d"xn] klg 8] 9 nfvafx] s ;a} ltl®;s] .

uª\uf kf} 8] nhf®sf6] , d] x] ns'gf–(,

;'v] {t

>Ldfg\ 8f] Nkfdf k9fpg] ePsfn] pt} a: g'x'G5 . # ®f] kgLdf aLp v] tL ub} { cfPsL 5' . sltsf >Ldfg\n] s'nf] df k} ;f xfNg dfg] gg\ t® ax'dt dlxnfn] lslg5f8\g] lg0f{o u®] kl5 gdfGg] sf >LdtLx¿ klg tof® x'g afWo eP . clxn] eg] s'nf] lsGg] s'®fsf] lj®f] w ug] {x¿ klg kZrftfk ub} {5g\ lsgls s'nf] sf] C0f ltg{ pgLx¿ -k'?if_

n] Ps k} ;f klg lbg'k®] sf] 5} g . ;a} xfdL dlxnf cfkm} Fn] aLpaf6 sdfPsf] k} ;fn] ltb} { cfPsf 5f} F . o;®L x] bf{ olt 7"nf] nufgLsf] s'nf] df oxfFsf k'?ifsf] sdfO 7\ofDd} k®] sf] 5} g eGbf klg x'G5 . cfkm} F sdfP® olt 7"nf] sfd ug{ ;s] sfdf xfdLdf klg lgs} cfTdljZjf; a9] sf] 5 . ca t h] klg ug{ ;S5f} F eGg] nfUg yfn] sf] 5 . of] hf®sf6] sf ;a} dlxnfsf nflu 7"n} ;DklQ xf] .

piff cfrfo{;lrj, em®gf aLp pTkfbg ;d"x

18

;f®;f} Fbf v8\saxfb'® lkmnf] df cfPsf] 3fp pkrf® ug] { qmddf v'6\6f] ®fd|f] ;Fu 6] Sg g;Sg] ckfª\u eP . ckfª\utf ePkl5 lbgrof{ ;xh x'g] s'®} ePg . To;} n] 3®d} ;s] sf] v] tLkftL uy] { . ;fdfGo t®sf®L nufpFy] . j: t'efp kfNy] . vfP® pa|] sf] t®sf®L ® b"w af] 6] rf} ® ahf®df laqmL uy] { . o;} u®L rNb} cfPsf] lyof] ^ hgfsf] kl®jf® .

@ jif{cl3sf] s'®f xf] . l5d] sL uflj;l: yt d] x] ns'gfdf ®x] sf] kljq hgsNof0f ;xsf®Lsf dflg; pgsf] 3®d} cfOk'u] s] xL ;Nnfx ug'{ 5 eGb} . Tof] ;Nnfx aLp nufpg] ;DaGwL lyof] . ;xsf®Ls} k|fljlwsx¿n] v8\saxfb'®sf] hUufdf s] ®fpsf] aLp ®fd|f] x'g] ;Nnfx lbP . clg d"n aLp ;xsf®Ln] g} lbg] ® k|fljlws ;Nnfx klg pknAw u®fpg] ;fy} cGTodf pTkflbt aLp klg lslglbg] atfP . kl®jf® kfNg ® cfkm\g} b} lgs vr{ h'6fpgsf nflu klg s] xL ug{ kfP x'GYof] eGg] ;f] rdf ®x] sf pgnfO{ of] ;'emfj cfsif{s gnfUg] s'®} ePg .

klxnf] jif{ g} pgn] 8] 9 ®f] kgLdf s] ®fpsf] aLp nufOxfn] . b'O{ k6s u®] ® # lSjG6n hlt s] ®fpsf] aLp a] lr;s] sf pgn] o; k6s klg Ps lSjG6n hlt pTkfbg x'g] cg'dfg u®] sf 5g\ . k|ltlsnf] u|fd ;o ?lkofFdf lslglbg] ;xsf®Lsf] clu|d ;Demf} tfn] pgnfO{ sxfF a] Rg] eGg] lrGtf k6Ss} 5} g . … tof® kfl®lbP k'U5, ;xsf®Ln] nluxfN5Ú – 9'Ss 5g\ . jftfj®0f ldNof] eg] aLp nufpg] If] qkmn a9fpg] of] hgf a'lg;s] sf 5g\ pgn] .

d] ®f] j} zfvL

19

lg: sFb} gg\ To;kl5dfq d hfG5'Ú , v8\saxfb'® yK5g\– cflv® ;a} nfO{ df} sf lbg'k¥of] lg, cWoIf ePF eg] ® hxfF klg d cfkm"dfq uP® x'G5 ® <

ha pgL tflnd lnP® cfpF5g\ u'kr"k udSs km'n] ® a: b} gg\ . nuQ} ;d"xsf] a} 7s ®fV5g\ ® cfkm"n] tflndsf qmddf hfg] sf jf s'g} sfo{qmddf elgPsf v] tLkftLaf®] sf ;a} s'®f ;'gfpF5g\ . of] klg Psk|sf®sf] sfo{zfnf h: t} agfpg] u®] sf 5g\ pgn] . aLp nufpg] , u|] l8ª ug] {, dn agfpg] , ljiffbL tof® ug] { h: tf aLp pTkfbg;Fu ;DalGwt tflndx¿ lnPsf pgn] glng] cfkm\gf] ;d"xsf ;a} ;b: onfO{ klg lnP;®x agfPsf 5g\ . To;} n] t pgsf] ;d"xsf ;b: ox¿ o: tf tflnddf v8\saxfb'® g} uOlbP x'GYof] eGg] 7fG5g\, cfkm"x¿nfO{ klg l;sfpg] ePsfn] .

o: tf] pBdaf6 kl®jf® kfNg ;xh t ePs} 5, ;fy} ljZjf;L JolQmsf] klxrfg klg agfPsf 5g\ pgn] . ;xsf®Ln] aLp ljt®0f ug] { xf] ;\ ls k} ;f lbg] , tflnd ;~rfng ug] { xf] ;\ ls cGo s'g} sfo{qmd, ufpFe®sf ls;fgnfO{ va® ug{ log} nfO{ eG5 . km®s} gkg] { ePsfn] dxTjk"0f{ va®x¿ pgLdfkm{t\ k|jfx ul®g] kljq hgsNof0f ;xsf®Lsf Joj: yfks uf] ®vgfy cfrfo{ atfpF5g\ . o; cy{df v8\saxfb'® e®kbf{ s6jfn -ufpFdf va® cfbfg–k|bfg ug] { JolQm_ klg x'g\ cfFk;f] tL ufpFsf .

ufpF: t®Lo ckfª\u ;ª\3sf] cWoIf klg x'g pgL . ckfª\utf ePsf $@ hgfsf g] tf pgL cfkm\gf ;a} ;b: onfO{ s'g} pBd ug{ xf} : ofpF5g\ . cfkm\g} pbfx®0f lbG5g\ ® o;n] ckfª\utf ePsfnfO{ ultnf] j} zfvLsf] sfd ug] { ;'emfpF5g\ . cfly{s¿kdf ;Ifd ePkl5 s] xL ug] { cfF6 cfpg] ® s;} n] x] Kg klg g;Sg] atfpF5g\ ® ;s'Gh] n Ifdtfn] EofPcg';f®sf] sfd ug{ ;lsP s;} n] gx] Kg] eGb} rfF8} pBd ug{ pTk|] l®t u5{g\ . … d] ®f] of] ;'emfjnfO{ w] ®} n] ;sf®fTds¿kdf lnPsf 5g\Ú – v';L JoQm u5{g\ pgL .

v8\saxfb'®s} aLp v] tL b] v] ® clxn] l5d] sL;d] t aLp nufpg yfn] sf 5g\ . s0f{axfb'® ;'gf®, 8Dd® ®fgfx¿n] pgs} ;Nnfx ® ;'emfjdf s] ®fpnufotsf afnLsf] aLp pTkfbg yfn] sf 5g\ . pgLx¿ cfkm\gf] afnLdf s] xL ;d: of b] lvP v8\saxfb'®nfO{ g} ;f] W5g\ ® To;sf] ;dfwfg u5{g\ . aLp Nofpg] , ®f] Kg] , yGSofpg] b] lv a] Rg] ;Ddsf ;a} ;Nnfx lgMz'Ns k|bfg u5{g\ pgL .

pBdk|ltsf] oxL nufj b] v] ® pgnfO{ xl®ofnL aLp pTkfbg ;d"xsf] cWoIf klg agfPsf 5g\ ;a} ldn] ® . ;a} nfO{ pBd ug{ ;Nnfx lbg] , cfkm" klg vl6g] , v] tL afFemf] ®fVg x'Gg eGg] ;Gb] z lbg] , cfkm"n] ;s] sf] ;xof] u ug] { k|j[lQ ePs} sf®0f pgL ;a} ls;fgdfem xfOxfO klg aGg ;s] sf 5g\ . uhasf] afgL 5 pgsf] – ha ;d"xdf s'g} tflnd jf sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'g] lgDtf] cfpF5, pgL n';'Ss hfFb} gg\ . pQm lgDtf] af®] ;d"xsf] a} 7s 8fs] ® 5nkmn u®fpF5g\ ® hfg OR5'snfO{ k7fpF5g\ . … ha hfg] sf] xL klg

v8\saxfb'® vqLcfFk;f] tL, 3'dvx®] –&,

;'v] {t

v8\saxfb'®n] ®fd|f] ;Fu aLp pTkfbg u®] sf] b] v] kl5 xfdLnfO{ klg u®f} F u®f} F nfUof] . pgL ckfª\utf ePsf JolQmn] t olt ®fd|f] ;Fu cfDbfgL lng ;s] eg] xfdLn] lsg g;Sg] eGg] nfu] kl5 xfdLn] klg s] ®fpsf] aLp nufpg yfn] sf xf} F . pgn] o;af®] tflnd klg lnPsf 5g\ . cfkm"n] tflnddf l;s] sf s'®f ;d"xdf ;a} nfO{ l;sfpF5g\ . pg} n] l;sfPcg';f® xfdLn] klg v] tL ul®®x] sf 5f} F . pgL s'g} sfo{qmd cfPdf ;a} nfO{ va® u5{g\, ldng;f® 5g\ ® hfg] sf] l;sfpg] klg ePsfn] ;a} n] dfG5g\ klg . ;d"xsf] cWoIf agfPsf] sf®0f klg oxL xf] . pgL cfkm} Fn] ®fd|f] pTkfbg ug{ ;s] sfn] c¿nfO{ eGg klg ;'xfpF5 . clxn] oxL sf®0f klg xfd|f] ufpFdf pBddfkm{t\ ®fd|f] cfDbfgL lnO hLljsf] kfh{g ;xh t'Nofpg] sfd qmdzM a9\bf] 5 .k"0f{snf ® pgsf >Ldfg\ 8Dd® ®fgf

v8\saxfb'®sf l5d] sL

20

: yfkgfsfn -ljqmd ;+jt\ @)%$_ sf] s'®fM ;] o® ;b: o M @% hgf . @)^% ;Dd Pp6f u} ®;®sf®L ;+: yfsf] ;xof] udf ;fdfGo ;~rfng . Ps tnfsf] cfkm\g} ejg . To;kl5 @ jif{ sl®a sl®a lgliqmo .

@)^* ;fnsf] s'®fM pBd ljsf; kl®of] hgfsf] k|j] z . Jofkf® ug] { eP ;xof] u ug] { cfZjf;gkl5 ;xsf®L k'gM ;lqmo . To;kl5 ;] o® ;b: o ;ª\Vof a9\b} ^)! .

xfnM ;] o® ;b: o ;ª\Vof ((& . cfkm\g} b'O{ tn] ejg . Pp6f uf8L . aLp tyf t®sf®L laqmLaf6 o;} jif{dfq ! s®f] 8 @& nfv ?lkofF cfDbfgL . gfkmfdfq ^#^%!% ?lkofF -@)!^ dfr{ ;Ddsf] _ . sf®f] af® lhNnfleq dfq geP® cGo lhNnfdf klg lj: tf® . ev{®} lslgPsf] @ ®f] kgLdf uf] bfd3® lgdf{0f x'Fb} . # k|fljlws;lxt * hgf sd{rf®L .

HofldtLo kl®jt{gsf] syf

ha of] ;xsf®Ldf pBd ljsf; kl®of] hgf -Ol8kL_ nfu' eof] , To;kl5 ls;fgnfO{ ljleGg afnLsf aLp pTkfbg ug{ k|f] T;flxt ul®of] . ls;fgnfO{ aLp nufpg k|f] T;flxt ug] { qmddf nufpg] l;kb] lv pTkflbt aLp lslglbg] ;Ddsf sfo{ eP . d"n aLp ;xsf®Ln] g} pknAw u®fpg] , h] l6Pdfkm{t k|fljlws ;] jf÷;Nnfx k|bfg ug] {, ;xsf®Ln] g} ls;fgnfO{ rflxg] ;fdu|L pknAw u®fpg] h: tf sfo{n] ls;fg o;tkm{ pT;flxt eP . o;} sf] kl®0ffd lyof] – klxnf] jif{d} ;xsf®Ln] ls;fg;Fu ;ª\slnt !$ nfv ?lkofFsf] aLp a] Rg ;Sof] .

l5d] sLn] aLpaf6 ®fd|f] k} ;f lnPsf] b] v] kl5 c¿ klg xf} l;P .

HofldtLo km8\sf]

21

aLp pTkfbg ® laqmLn] ;xsf®Ldf cfa4 ls;fgsf] hLjg: t® t ;'wf® x'g] g} eof] , ;fy} ;xsf®Lsf] hLjg: t® klg g;f] r] sf] 9ª\un] kl®jt{g eof] . s'df®L Aofª\ssf] C0f ;xof] udf vl®b ul®Psf] uf8Ln] ls;fgsf 3®–3® k'u] ® aLp tyf t®sf®L ;ª\sng u5{ . Toltdfq x} g, aLp lng hfg] qmddf ls;fgnfO{ cfjZos kg] { dnb] lv rfdn x'Fb} cGo cTofjZsLo ;fdu|L klg b} nf] d} k'¥ofOlbg] u®] sf] 5 . cf] emf eG5g\– To;} n] t oltv] ® of] ;xsf®L ;fFRr} s[ifsn] cfkm\gf] eGg ;'xfpg] ePsf] 5 .

;xsf®L eGbf;fy art ug] { ® C0f lng] 7fpFdfq xf] eGg] cfddfGotf klg lrl®lbPsf] 5 o;n] . ;'?df pTkfbg of] hgf agfpg] of] ;xsf®Ln] Tolta] nf ls;fgsf : yfgLo ;d"xdfkm{t k|To] s jif{ s;n] s] s] sf] , slt aLp v] tL ug] { xf] eGg] tYofª\s ;ª\sng u5{ . clg gfs{ ® lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no;Fu ;dGjo u5{ ® ls;fgnfO{ d"n aLp ;x'lnot b®df laqmL u5{, pTkflbt aLp lslglbg] ;Demf} tf klg u5{ . clg cfkm" klg s;nfO{ sltdf a] Rg] eGg] af®] 7"nf aLp sDkgL tyf Pu|f] e] 6;Fu ;Demf} tf u5{ . oltdfq x} g, ahf® cg'udgb] lv Joj: yfkgdf ;d] t ;xhLs®0f u5{ .

ls;fg;Fu} ;xsf®L klg o;®L pef] nfUg'df w] ®} sf®0f 5g\ . tLdWo] Ps xf] – !% ;b: oLo sfo{;ldltsf kbflwsf®LnfO{ klg ;lqmo agfpg' . If] qkfn gfds®0f ul®Psf oL kbflwsf®Ln] cfkm\gf] If] qsf ls;fgsf] pTkfbg a9fpg] tyf ;a} eGbf a9L cfDbfgL leq\ofpg] sfd k|lt: kwf{s} ¿kdf ug] { u5{g\ . of] ;xsf®Ln] cfkm\gf] lhNnfdfq x} g, l5d] sL lhNnfsf ls;fgaLr klg aLp sf®f] af® km} nfPsf] 5 . 8f] 6L, a} t8L ® bfr'{nfsf ls;fgsf] aLp klg vl®b u5{ pgLx¿s} ;xsf®Ldfkm{t\ .

;xsf®Ldf d"n aLp dfu ug{] sf] ;ª\Vof XjfQ} a9\of] . vf;u®L jiff{ofddf ds} sf] c¿0f–@, ®fdk'® sDkf] lh6, dgsfdgf–#, b] ptL h: tf hft nufpg] a9] eg] rf} df;] , lqz"nL h: tf l;dLsf] aLp pTkfbgk|lt klg ls;fgsf] cfsif{0f a9\of] . leG8L ® eQmk'® nf] sn hftsf] sfFqmf] nufpg] klg plQs} lg: s] . lxpFb] ofddf d"nf, ®fof] , rD;'®, s] ®fp, Kofh, kfn'ª\uf] , a|f] sfpnL nufpg] ls;fg klg w] ®} eP . o;®L aLp nufpg yfn] sf] bf] ;|f] jif{df ;xsf®Ln] !$ af6 a9fP® $# nfv ?lkofFsf] aLp laqmL ug{ ;kmn eof] .

… aLp pTkfbgtkm{ ls;fgsf] cfsif{0f o;®L a9\of] ls rf} tkmL{ dfu cfpg yfNof] . d"n aLp dufP® ls;fgnfO{ afF8\g] , k|fljlws ;Nnfx pknAw u®fpg] , pgLx¿sf aLp ;ª\sng ug] { ® To;nfO{ a] Rg] sfo{df EofO gEofO x'g yfNof] ;xsf®LnfO{Ú , ;xsf®Lsf Joj: yfks rGb| cf] emf pT;flxt x'Fb} yK5g\– t] ;|f] jif{df xfdLn] aLp, dnvfb ® cGo u®L *) nfv ?lkofF cfDbfgL u¥of} F . o; k6ssf] cfDbfgL tfhf t®sf®L;d] t u®L ! s®f] 8 @& nfv ?lkofFdf pSNof] .

rGb| cf] emf;xsf®L Joj: yfks,

88] nw'®f

88] nw'®fnfO{ s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] klg ds} , cfn' ® a] df} ;dL t®sf®Lsf] aLp pTkfbs lhNnfsf ¿kdf lrgfpg k|fyldstfdf ®fv] sf] 5 . o: tf] cj: yfdf 88] nw'®f s[ifs ;xsf®Ln] ls;fgnfO{ aLp v] tLtkm{ cfslif{t u®] ® lgs} ®fd|f] sfd u®] sf] 5 . klxnf] t o;n] ;®n ® ;xhtj®n] o: tf] v] tLsf nflu C0f pknAw u®fpF5, bf] ;|f] k|fljlws ;Nnfx lbG5 eg] t] ;|f] df ahf®Ls®0fsf] Joj: yfkg;d] t ldnfPsf] 5 . ahf®Ls®0f ls;fgsf nflu 7"nf] ;d: of lyof] t® of] ;xsf®Ln] cfkm} F o;df xft xfn] kl5 ;fgf ls;fg larf} lnofsf] cGofoaf6 d'Qm ePsf 5g\ . of] ;xsf®Ls} sf®0f 88] nw'®fdfq geO{ l5d] sL lhNnfsf ls;fgsf] ;d] t cfly{s cj: yfdf ;'wf® cfPsf] 5 . of] ;xsf®Lsf] ®fd|f] kIf eg] sf] xfdLnufot ;a} ;Fu ;xsfo{ ub} { cl3 a9\g' klg xf] . h;n] ubf{ s[lif sfof{nonfO{ klg lgs} ;lhnf] ePsf] 5 ls;fgsf] lxtdf sfd ug{ .

lbg] zk|;fb ;fksf] 6fjl®i7 s[lif ljsf; clws[t, lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, 88] nw'®f

dnfO{ klg ;xsf®Ln] sf] 6] nL ® dl0fn] s uflj; x] g] { lhDdf lbPsf] 5 . aLp pTkfbg, ;d"x a} 7s, ls;fgsf ultljlw cg'udg h: tf sfd ug'{k5{ . ev{®} 8fkmfsf] ;dfkm{t lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{noaf6 dl0fn] sdf agfOPsf] l;FrfO kf] v®Ldf klg v6] F . d] ®f] 3® dl0fn] s–! af6 sf] 6] nL k'Ug #–$ 306f nfU5 . t® klg a} 7s ® ls;fg;Fu ;DalGwt sfddf uO®xg'k5{ . of] ;a} : jod\;] jL sfddfq xf] . oL ;a} sf] k|ltj] bg klg 8fkmfsf] ;df a'emfpg'k5{ xfdLn] . To;} n] xfdLnfO{ ;xsf®Ln] If] q g} lhDdf lbP® gfd} If] qkfn ®flvlbPsf] 5 . t® klg cfkm"h: t} ls;fgsf] xslxtsf nflu sfd ug{ kfpFbf v';L g} nfU5 .

pdf sf] nLsfo{;ldlt ;b: o, 8fkmfsf] ;

22

: yfg M rGb|f hf] zLsf] 3®;do M laxfgsf] ;fF9] * ah] ldlt M @)&@ r} t * ut]

cfFuge® 6Gg dlxnf . of] s'g} ef] het] ® jf z'e÷cz'e sfo{sf] hd36 lyPg . ha 88] nw'®f s[ifs ;xsf®Lsf h] l6P g®] Gb| zfxL ufpFaf6 s] xL ;docl3 nluPsf] aLpsf] k} ;f ljt®0f ug{ k'u] sf lyP ToxL va® kfP® ;a} ls;fg cfkm\gf] d] xgtsf] kmn lng cft'®tf ;fy k|tLIff ul®®x] sf lyP . s;sf] slt k} ;f cfpg] xf] ® ;a} eGbf a9L s;n] lng] xf] eGg] df k|foM ;a} sf] rf;f] lyof] .

g®] Gb|n] cfkm\gf] uf] hLsf] sfuh lgsfNb} gfd af] nfpFb} uP . ls;fgx¿ k} ;f lnFb} b: tvt ub} { cfFugsf] s'gfdf ;fO8 nfUb} ug{ yfn] . ha xl®gf hf] zLsf] k} ;f lng] kfnf] cfof] , ;a} sf] Wofg PsfPs k} ;f afF8\b} u®] sf g®] Gb|lt® uof] . sf®0f– pgL of] lbg k} ;f lng] @@ hgfdWo] ;a} eGbf a9L -*^(& ?lkofF_ a'em\g] df lyOg\ . s] xLn] pgnfO{ w] ®} a'em] sfdf awfO{ lbP eg] s] xLn] rflxF cfufdL jif{ pgnfO{ pl5Gg] jfrf u®] . s] xLn] … oL a"9L oqf] k} ;f s] ul5{g\ <Ú eg] ® xFl;dhfs u®] eg] s] xLn] rflxF a"9] ;sfnsf] d] xgtsf] v'n] ®} tfl®km u®] .

h] xf] ;\, of] laxfg lgs} ®dfOnf] eg] oxfFsf ls;fgsf nflu . h;n] aLp nufpg] nfO{ emg\ a9L nufpg pTk|] l®t u¥of] eg] gnufpg] nfO{ klg nufpg'kg] { ®x] 5 eGg] kf¥of] . uf} 8] Zj® e6df; aLp pTkfbg s[ifs ;d"xsL cWoIf rGb|f hf] zL eGb} lyOg\– xfd|f] ;d"xsf #) ;b: o ;a} g} aLp v] tL

;zQmLs®0fsf] klxnf] v'l8\snf]

23

rGb|fx¿n] ufpFsf dlxnfsf] ;zQmLs®0f a9\b} uPsf] k'li6 klg u®] sf 5g\ . cfkm\gf] s[ifs ;d"x xf] ;\ jf dlxnf ;~hfn, hxfF hxfFaf6 cfjfh p7fP® x'G5, uflj;af6 ah] 6 -! nfv ?lkofF_ dfu u®] ® b'O{ sf] 7] k|;"lt s] Gb| -aly{ª ;] G6®_ agfPsf 5g\ . Toltdfq x} g, c;'jf{ ® lgDtnfdf klg TolQs} ah] 6df ufpF3® lSnlgs agfPsf 5g\ eg] csf] { b'O{ 7fpFdf agfpg ah] 6 kf; u®fO;s] sf 5g\ . dlxnf ;~hfnsL 8Dd®L jnL ufpF kl®ifb\df klg ePsLn] pgLdfkm{t\ cfkm\gf dfu k] z ug] { ® kfl®t u®fpg] cleofgdf klg lg®Gt® h'l6®x] sf] egfO 5 rGb|fsf] .

cfkm\gf] y} nL alnof] ePkl5 h] ug{ klg cfF6 cfpFbf] ®x] 5 eGg] rGb|f clxn] oxL sf®0f cfkm"nfO{ ufpF kl®ifb\, ljBfnosf] sfo{qmd, : jf: Yo rf} sLdf ul®g] sfo{qmd cflbdf klg af] nfOg] ul®Psf] atfpFl5g\ . j8f gful®s d~rsf] k"j{pk;+of] hs;d] t ®lx;s] sL pgL cfkm"x¿n] cfkm\g} d] xgtn] cfDbfgL u®] ® 3® rnfpg;d] t ;xof] u ug{ ;s] sfn] g} ;dfhn] dlxnfnfO{ x] g] { b[li6sf] 0f;d] t ablng yfn] sf] cg'ej ;'gfpFl5g\ . of] ;d"xsf ;a} n] cfkm\gf] gfd n] Vg ® ;xL ug{ hfGg'n] klg lgs} uj{ nfUg] u®] sf] pgsf] egfO 5 .

aLp pTkfbg;DaGwL tflnd lnPsL rGb|fn] dn agfpg] tflnd klg lnPsL l5g\ . klxn] glhs ®f] Kbf s'lxGYof] , 9NYof] , sfFr} dn xfNbf sL®f nfUYof] eGg] pgL clxn] ldnfP® v] tLkftL ubf{ Psflt® pTkfbg ®fd|f] x'g] ® csf] {tkm{ ljiffbL, dn cflb lsGg nfUg] k} ;f klg aRg] atfpFl5g\ . ljiffbL xfNbf ue{jtL ® aRrfnfO{ a9L c;® ug] { ePsfn] ahfl®of ljiffbL lsGg} aGb u®] sf] atfpg] pgLx¿ : jf: Yok|lt slt ;+j] bgzLn 5g\ eGg] klg k|li6G5 .

Toltdfq x} g, of] ufpFdf ut ;fn w] ®} n] c¿0f–@ hftsf] ds} nufPsf lyP t® clxn] eg] To;nfO{ lj: yfkg u®] ® ®fdk'® sDkf] lh6 nufPsf 5g\ . lsgls c¿0f xf] rf] x'g] ePsfn] b'D;L ® : ofnn] ;a} vfOlbP . ®fdk'®rflxF cUnf] x'g] ePsfn] vfg ;s] g . o;af6 klg yfxf x'G5 ls oxfFsf dlxnf slt ;r] t ® h'lQmk"0f{ sfd ug{ ;Sg] ePsf 5g\ eGg] . of] pBdn] gx®f ufpFsf dlxnfnfO{ lgs} ;lhnf] klg ePsf] 5 . ;xsf®Ln] pknAw u®fPsf] kfn ® ds} 5f] 8fpg] d] l;gn] ;lhnf] ePsf] xf] . klxn] nf} ®f] n] r'6\bf km'6\g] ds} clxn] d] l;gn] 5f] 8fpFbf eg] ;Unf] lg: sg] u5{ . ufpFsf dlxnf ldn] ® ds} 5f] 8fpF5g\ . o;n] ubf{ ;do klg art x'g] u®] sf] 5– aLpaf6 ;a} eGbf a9L k} ;f a'em\g] xl®gf hf] zL atfpFl5g\ .

u5{g\ . ca aLp a9L dfqfdf nufpg] ® cem} pGgt hftsf] nufpg] af®] xfdL 5nkmn a9fO®x] sf 5f} F .

rGb|f cfkm} Fn] klg (& lsnf] u|fd aLp a] lrg\ hals cl3Nnf] jif{ t !(@ lsnf] u|fd a] r] sL lyOg\ . cfkm\gf] & ®f] kgLdWo] # ®f] kgLdf aLp nufpg yfn] sL pgn] o;nfO{ qmdzM a9fpg] c7f] 6 ul®;s] sL l5g\ . 5f] ®f÷a'xf®L sf7df8f} + a: g] , >Ldfg\ l5d] sL uflj; dl0fn] sl: yt kf;f k|fljdf k9fpg] ePsfn] v] tL ug] { rGb|fdfq} x'g . PSn} v] tL ubf{ klg olt pTkfbg lng ;s] sf] df ;Gt'li6

JoQm ug] { pgL ;a} lbbLalxgLnfO{ cfDbfgL x'g] sfddf nfUg cfu|x;d] t ul5{g\ .

rGb|f dlxnf;Fu k} ;f x'g'nfO{ ;zQmLs®0fsf] klxnf] v'l8\snf] sf ¿kdf cYof{pFl5g\ . o;n] dlxnfnfO{ x®If] qdf cl3 a9\g ;3fpg] ® ®f] s6f] s ug] {nfO{ kfvf nufpg] a'emfO klg 5 pgsf] . : jod\;] ljsf;d] t ®x] sL pgL vfg] kfgL ;ldlt, ;xsf®L tyf dlxnf ;~hfnsf] klg ;b: o x'g . cfkm" o: tf ;+: yfdf ®xg ;Sg'df cfly{s¿kn] lge{® ®xg' klg xf] eGg] 7DofO pgdf 5 . pgsf] k|Zg 5– … olb d vfg} gk'Ug] cj: yfdf lyPF eg] o: tf lhDd] jf®Ldf ®xg s;®L ;Sy] F ® < vr{ s;n] lbGYof] <Ú To;} n] t uPsf] r} t @! ut] 88] nw'®f s[ifs ;xsf®L ;+: yfn] cfkm\gf] jflif{sf] T;jsf qmddf pTs[i6 s[ifssf ¿kdf ;d] t ;Ddflgt ub} { k'®: sf®;d] t lbof] pgnfO{ . klxn] : yfgLo ufpFn] ahf®d} vkt x'g] ;fdfGo t®sf®L nufpg] cfkm"nfO{ Jofj;flos¿kdf aLp nufpg] dfq geO{ c¿nfO{ ;d] t o;tkm{ xf} : ofPs} sf®0f k'®: s[t ePsf] a'emfO 5 pgsf] .

rGb|f hf] zLgx®f, sf] 6] nL–$,

88] nw'®f

ufpFsf dlxnf aLp pTkfbgdf nfu] ® sdfpg] ePkl5 ;a} ;Fu w] ®} yf] ® k} ;f x'g] u®] sf] 5 . cfkm} F;Fu k} ;f ePkl5 ;fgf] ltgf] sfd ug{ klg c¿;Fu xft k;fg'{kg] { afWotf cGTo ePsf] 5 . ;du|df o;n] ufpFn] dlxnfsf] : 6\of6; a9fPsf] 5 eg] sfo{af] em klg 36fPsf] 5 .

bLlksf hf] zLcgdL, : jf: Yo rf} sL, sf] 6] nL

24

# jif{cl3 88] nw'®f s[ifs ;xsf®Lsf k|fljlws 3®d} cfP . ahf®eGbf lgs} 6f9f ePsfn] oxfFsf nflu aLp pTkfbg lgs} k|efjsf®L x'g] atfP . cfkm} F klg pQm ;xsf®Lsf] ;] o® ;b: o ePsfn] … xf] t lgÚ eGg] nfUof] . ;'Svf 7fpF, le®fnf] hldg, s] nufpF s] nufpF eGg] låljwf plQs} . To;} n] klxnf] jif{ g} ds} sf] aLp v] tL yflnxflng\ ®fh'b] jLn] .

aLp t nufOg\ t® aFb] nn] x} ®fg kf¥of] . Ps} ®ftdf $–% ®f] kgLsf] ds} ;f] qfd kfl®lbof] . afFb®n] klg vfOlbof] . efn'n] p: t} ;tfpg] . ds} sf af] 6 cUnf] x'g] ePsfn] 8fF8fsf] v] tL, xfjfn] klg 9fNg] . t® klg ®fh'b] jL lg®fz eOgg\ . efUonfO{ bf] if lbP® TolQs} al;gg\ . ;xsf®Lsf k|fljlws;Fu ;Nnfx ul®g\ ® l;dL nufpg yflng\ . l;dL eg] hgfj®n] klg gvfg] ® yfFqmf] xfNg'kg] { ePsfn] 9Nbf klg g9Ng] ePkl5 ®fh'b] jL v';L eOg\ . cfkm\gf] h'lQmsf] cfkm} F k|z+;f ug{ yflng\ .

ds} k|ltlsnf] u|fd @% b] lv #) ?lkofFdf a] Rg'kg] { t® l;dL eg] !%) ?lkofFdf laqmL x'g] ePsfn] klg l;dL v] tLn] cfslif{t u®] sf] xf] pgnfO{ . Ps ef®L ds} ;8s;Dd k'¥ofpFbf ! xhf® cfof] eg] Tolt g} l;dL ;8s;Dd k'¥ofpFbf ^ xhf®;Dd cfpg] ePsfn] cfkm" l;dLtkm{ g} cfslif{t ePsf] egfO klg pgsf] 5 . sfd ub} { hfFbf ;d: of cfpF5g\ g} eGg] yfxf ePsL pgL To;nfO{ l5df] Ng klg plQs} lgk"0f{ l5g\ . h: tf] – pgsf] l;dLsf] km"n r®fn] vfg yfn] kl5 o;nfO{ s;®L ®f] Sg] eGg] af®] lgs} ;f] rljrf® ul®g\ . kl5 kQf] nfUof] ls r®f] yfFqmf]

;bfaxf® cfDbfgL

25

;xdltkl5dfq ®fh'b] jL ® pgsf] ;d"xsf cGo dlxnfn] olt If] qkmndf aLp nufpg] eGg] lgSof} {n x'G5 .

aLpdfq x} g, ;xsf®Ls} ;Nnfxdf t®sf®L v] tL klg ul5{g\ ®fh'b] jL . o;} sf nflu b'O{j6f kf] lnxfp; klg agfPsL l5g\ . a] df} ;dL t®sf®L pTkfbgsf nflu a] gf{ klg a] lR5g\ . t®sf®LeGbf a] gf{d} a9L kmfObf atfpg] pgL sfpnL, 6df6®, aGbf, v';f{gL, sfFqmf] cflbsf] a] gf{ a] r] ® ®fd|} cfDbfgL ul5{g\ . 8fkmfsf] ;n] g} o;sf nflu klg cfjZos ;xof] u ug] { ® t®sf®L ;ª\sng;d] t ul®lbg] ePsfn] ;lhnf] ePsf] 5 .

of] ufpFsf w] ®} k'?if sdfpg ls ahf® ls t ljb] z uPsf 5g\ . To;} n] ufpFe® k'?if sd} dfq e] l6G5g\ . t® ®fh'b] jLsf >Ldfg\ ltns zfxL eg] ufpFd} Ao: t x'G5g\ . jfol®ª, 3® agfpg] , KnDa®, ;] km\6L6\ofª\sL lgdf{0f h: tf ljljw sfd hfg] sf pgL k|foM o: t} sfddf ;+nUg eO®xG5g\ . cyf{t pgsf] sdfO klg ®fd|} 5 . t® >Ldfg\sf] sdfO;Fu cfkm\gf] sdfO t'ngf ub} { ®fh'b] jL xfF: b} elG5g\– pxfFsf] sfd df} ;dL xf] , d] ®f] eg] ;bfaxf® xf] , s[lifdf slxNo} klg km';{b x'Gg To;} n] pxfFsf] df} ;dL cfDbfgLn] d] ®f] ;bfaxf® cfDbfgLnfO{ e] 6\g] s'®} cfpGg .

xf] klg, b'O{ 5f] ®f5f] ®Lsf] af] l8{ªsf] z'Ns ltg{ xf] ;\ jf gk'u vfBfGg vl®b ug{, ®fh'b] jLs} cfDbfgLn] e®y] u ug] { u5{ . cGo 3®fo;L vr{df klg pgs} sdfO a9L sfd nfU5 . To;} n] t ®fh'b] jLdfq x} g, pgsf] ;d"xsf k|foM ;a} dlxnf oltv] ® 3® rnfpg] d'Vo stf{ ag] sf 5g\ hf] cfkm} F sdfpF5g\ ® cfkm"v';L vr{ ug{ klg : jtGq 5g\ . … ;fdfGo 3® ;Nnfx t eOxfN5 lg, t® pxfF ->Ldfg\_ n] xfdLn] ®fv] sf k|: tfj gfOgf: tL ug'{x'GgÚ – vr{ ug] { s'®fdf dlxnfsf] af] njfnf a9\b} uPsf] k|i6\ofpFl5g\ pgL .

xflnPsf] n7\7Lsf] xfFuf] k®] sf] 7fpFdf a;] ® km"n vfOlbFbf] ®x] 5 . clg h'lQm lgsflng\ ls ca yfFqmf] xfNbf ;'l®nf] xfNg] tfls To;df r®f] cl8g] 7fpF g} st} gxf] ;\ .

To;} n] t olta] nf ®fh'b] jL If] qs} cu'jf l;dL aLp pTkfbs s[ifsdf ulgPsL l5g\ . yf] ®} kfgL eP k'Ug] ePsfn] klg pgnfO{ of] v] tL ;lhnf] nfu] sf] xf] . c;f®df nufPkl5 sflQsdf tof® x'g] l;dLsf] aLp cfwf lsnf] u|fd ®f] k] df %) lsnf] u|fd;Dd kmN5 .

sl®a 8] 9 ®f] kgL hltdf o: tf] aLp nufpg] pgL cfkm\gf] pTkfbg ® To;af6 x'g] cfDbfgLaf6 ;Gt'i6 l5g\ . ut df} ;ddf kfgL gk®] sfn] lgs} sd -!& lsnf] u|fddfq_ l;dLsf] aLp a] r] sL pgL o; k6s eg] lgs} cfDbfgL x'g] lx;fa ;ª\ufn] ® a;] sL l5g\ . a? t®sf®Lsf a] gf{ 3®} af6 ^ xhf® ?lkofFsf] a] lrg\ .

cfkm\g} zflGt dlxnf aLp pTkfbg s[ifs ;d"xdf 5nkmn u®] ® s;n] slt nufpg] eGg] lg0f{o u5{g\ ;a} eGbf klxn] . slt hldgdf l;dLsf] aLp nufpg] eGg] s'®f ;xsf®L;Fudfq x} g, pgLx¿s} lgnkfn ;fd'bflos jgdf klg e® k5{ . lsgls pgL elG5g\– xfdLn] olt nufpg] eg] ®dfq x'Fb} g, ;xsf®Ln] d"n aLp klg lbg ;xdt x'g'k5{ . km] l® csf] { s'®f l;dLnfO{ yfFqmf] clgjfo{ x'g] x'Fbf ;fd'bflos jgn] klg yfFqmf] sf nflu sf7 lbg] ;xdlt hgfpg'k5{ . of] lqkIfLo

®fh'b] jL zfxLUjfGgL, dfi6df8f} +–%,

88] nw'®f

;xsf®Ln] clxn] yfn] sf] aLp pTkfbg cleofgn] vf;u®L dlxnfsf] cfDbfgL a9fpg ;xof] u u®] sf] 5 . o;n] ubf{ pgLx¿sf] cfTdan klg a9] sf] 5 . hUuf ® ;docg';f®sf] v] tL ug{ l;sfpg] ® dlxnfnfO{ 6f7f] agfpg] o: tf sfo{qmd hf®L ®flvg'k5{ . tadfq ufpFn] dlxnf cl3 a9\g] cfwf® tof® x'G5 .

adaxfb'® b] pjf;+of] hs, j8f gful®s d~r tyf k"j{cWoIf, hgr] tgf k|flj Joj: yfkg ;ldlt

26

a} t8Lsf] l;4k'® uflj;–@ l: yt l;4k'® aLp k|j4{g ;xsf®L ;+: yf @)^% kmfu'gdf : yfkgf ePsf] xf] . gfd} aLp k|j4{g ePsfn] o;n] @)^^ ;fnb] lv g} aLpsf] sf®f] af® ug{ yfNof] . sf®f] af® t ug{ yfNof] t® JolQm;Fu . JolQm;Fu sf®f] af® ubf{ s] xL ;d: of t] l;{P– klxnf] sf®f] af® ;Lldt, bf] ;|f] ljZjf;sf] sdL, t] ;|f] : yfloTj cefj . rf} yf] ;dodf k} ;f glbg] . h;n] gofF dfu{ ckgfpg'kg] { cj: yf l;h{gf eof] .

ljsNk vf] Hg] qmddf l;4k'® aLp k|j4{g ;xsf®Lsf] ldng 88] nw'®f s[ifs ;xsf®L;Fu eof] @)^* df hlta] nf of] ;xsf®Ln] pBd ljsf; sfo{qmddfkm{t aLpsf] sf®f] af® 3lge"t agfPsf] lyof] . clg aLp pTkfbg, ;ª\sng ® laqmL u®L ls;fg tyf ;xsf®L b'j} sf] lxt k|j4{gnfO{ tLj| kf®] sf] lyof] . … b'j} ;xsf®LaLr s'®fsfgL eof] , Pscsf{;Fu Jofkf® ug{ ®fhL eof} F, o;®L yflnPsf] ofqf cfh;Dd klg ;'vb\ 5Ú – l;4k'® ;xsf®Lsf cWoIf p4j®fh kGtsf] k|i6f] lQm 5 .

;'?df % lSjG6n aLp pTkfbg u®] sf] l;4k'® ;xsf®Ln] uPsf] jif{ $$& lSjG6n aLp pTkfbg u¥of] . Tof] klg ^ dlxgfdf . vf;u®L l;dLsf] aLp pTkfbg ug] { of] ;xsf®Ldf cfa4 ls;fgn] bf] ;|f] df ds} sf] aLp pTkfbg u5{g\ . lxpFbdf eg] s] ®fp, rD;'®, kfn'ª\uf] , Kofh h: tf t®sf®Lsf] aLp klg pTkfbg u5{g\ .

sl®a ^) 3® ePsf] of] 8} ;] nL ufpFdf ^* hgf ;xsf®Lsf] ;b: o 5g\ . !) j6f ls;fgsf ;d"x -@!% hgf_ cfa4 5g\ . Pp6f ;d"xrflxF uflj;aflx®sf] jf l5d] sL uflj; l;4] Zj®sf] cfa4 5 . oL ;a} ;b: onfO{ aLp pTkfbgsf

Pp6} ufpFdf @^ nfv

27

k5\ofpg] ls;fgx¿sf] egfO 5 . cfkm} F v] tL ug] {, c¿nfO{ klg ug{ nufpg] ® e®k'® ;xof] u ug] {, csf] { ;xsf®L;Fu ;dGjo u®] ® ahf®nufotsf Joj: yfksLo sfo{ ug] { h: tf sfddf ;+nUg ePs} n] kGt ;a} ls;fgsf e®kbf{ ;fyL g} ag] sf 5g\ oltv] ® . To;f] t lgnkfn] Zj® dflj Joj: yfkg ;ldlt cWoIf;d] t ®x] sfn] klg pgsf] k|Voflt cfsng ug{ 3f] lTng'kb} {g .

8} ;] nLdf k|foM ;a} sf] cToGt sd hUuf 5 . To;} n] cfkm\g} hUufsf] pTkfbgn] # dlxgf klg vfg k'Ub} gYof] w] ®} nfO{ . t® clxn] ;do km] l®Psf] 5 . # ®f] kgL hUuf x'g] n] % hgfsf] kl®jf®nfO{ jif{e® vfg k'¥ofpF5g\ . vfg k'¥ofpg] dfq x} g, lzIff, : jf: Yo h: tf If] qdf vr{ ug{ klg s'g} ;d: of 5} g . k|foM s] xL g s] xL s[lif pBddf Ao: t 5g\ . ®f] huf®Lsf] ;d: of 5} g . of] kl®jt{gsf] ®x: o < … kl5Nnf] k6s XjfQ} a9] sf] aLp v] tLÚ – ;lhnf] ;Fu pQ® lbG5g\ p4j®fh . h;n] aLp v] tLsf] ;xhLs®0f ul®®x] sf 5g\ ;a} If] qdf .

of] 7fpFaf6 glhssf] ahf®;Dd cfkm\gf pTkfbg n} hfg uf8L lng'k®] # xhf®eGbf a9L ef8f nfU5 t® 88] nw'®f s[ifs ;xsf®Ln] ufpFaf6} cfkm\gf] aLp p7fOlbFbf w] ®} kmfObf k'u] sf] egfO ls;fgsf] 5 . Toltdfq x} g, uf8L cfpg'cl3 va® ug] { ® … s] xL rflxP eGg'Ú eGg] hfgsf®L;d] t cfpg] ePsfn] ls;fgsf rfdn, dn cflb klg NofOlbg] u5{ ;f] xL uf8Ln] . h;n] ls;fgnfO{ w] ®} kmfObf k'u] sf] 5 . Psftkm{ cfkm"nfO{ rflxg] ;fdu|L NofOlbg] , csf] {lt® k} ;f lt®] ® k7fpg'kg] { cfkm\gf pTkfbg klg l;Q} df nlulbg] ePkl5 ls;fgnfO{ kmfObf x'g] g} eof] h'g kmfObf 8} ;] nLsf ls;fgn] ®fd|} ;Fu p7fO®x] sf 5g\ oltv] ® .

l;4k'® aLp k|j4{g ;xsf®Ln] art ® C0fsf] sfd eg] ub} {g . t® klg ls;fgnfO{ ;d: of 5} g lsgls ufpFsf] csf] { l;4k'® g} gfd u®] sf] art tyf C0f ;xsf®L;Fu of] ;xsf®Lsf] ;dGjo 5 . aLp k|j4{g ;xsf®Ln] u®] sf] l;kmfl®;sf cfwf®df of] art tyf C0f ;xsf®Ln] cfjZos C0f lbG5 ls;fgnfO{ pBd ug{ . oL b'j} ;+: yfsf ;b: o klg sl®a sl®a pxL g} ePsfn] art ® C0fdf ;d: of 5} g .

cfDbfgL a9\g yfn] kl5 ls;fgsf] x} l;ot a9] sf w] ®} k|df0f e] l6G5g\ ufpFdf . ;'?df C0f gkTofpg] x¿ clxn] ltg] { cfwf® ePs} sf®0f aLp pTkfbs ls;fgnfO{ cfjZostfcg';f® C0f k|jfx ug{ yfn] sf 5g\ . ;xsf®Ldf dfl;s !) ?lkofF hDdf ug] {x¿ oltv] ® ;o ?lkofF hDdf u®f} F eGg yfn] sf 5g\ . kGt yK5g\– s'g} s[ifs ;d"x To: tf 5} gg\ h;df 8] 9 b'O{ nfv ?lkofF lgIf] k gxf] ;\ .

nflu pT;flxt ug] {, d"n aLp lbnfpg] , k|fljlws ;Nnfx pknAw u®fpg] b] lv pgLx¿sf pTkfbg lslglbg] ;Ddsf] sfd l;4k'® ;xsf®Ln] u5{ . of] ;xsf®LnfO{ oL sfo{df ;3fpg] sfdrflxF 88] nw'®f s[ifs ;xsf®Ln] u5{ . kl5Nnf] k6sdfq of] ;fgf] ufpFdf aLp laqmLjfktsf] @^ nfv ?lkofF lelqPsf] hfgsf®L ;xif{ lbG5g\ p4j®fh . of] k} ;f 8] 9 ;o hgf hltnfO{ afFl8P klg d'Vo lx: ;frflxF %) hgf hltdf ;Lldt x'g] egfO klg 5 pgsf] . of] ufpFdf !%–@) hgf t o: tf ls;fg klg 5g\ h;n] Ps df} ;dd} %) xhf®eGbf dfly sdfpF5g\ .

of] ufpFsf ls;fg olt hfGg] ePsf 5g\ ls @) hgfsf] kl®jf® t k"®} h] l6P h: t} 5g\ . kGt eG5g\– x'g t d klg h] l6P g} x'F t® oxfFsf ls;fg b] Vbf 8®} nfU5 lsgls pgLx¿ gofF cfpg] h] l6Paf6 l;Sg] x} g, pN6} pgLx¿nfO{ l;sfOlbg] x} l;ot ®fV5g\ . h] l6Pn] l;sfpg] eGbf pgLx¿ g} hfGg] 5g\ . h] l6Pn] l;sfpg] s'®fdf k|ltk|Zg u5{g\ ® cfkm"x¿n] cª\ufNb} cfPsf] tf} ®tl®sf a9L pkof] uL ePsf] k'li6 u5{g\ . h;af6 h] l6Pnufotsf k|fljlws klg 5Ss kg] { u5{g\ .

ut jif{ *% xhf® hltsf] rD;'®, Kofh, kfn'ª\uf] , a|f] sfpnL, l;dL ® ds} sf] aLp a] r] sf p4j®fh cfkm} F klg gd'gf s[ifs x'g . ;xsf®Lsf] cWoIf cfkm} F o;®L aLp pTkfbgdf dl®d] 6] ® nfu] sf] b] v] kl5 cGo ;b: onfO{ klg ug{ k|] ®0ff ldn] sf] pgnfO{

p4j®fh kGt8} ;] nL, l;4k'®–@,

a} t8L

ha 88] nw'®f s[ifs ;xsf®L ;+: yf;Fu oxfFsf] ;xsf®Ln] aLp vl®b laqmLsf] ;Demf} tf u®] ® sfd cl3 a9fof] ta oxfFsf ls;fgnfO{ ahf®sf] ;d: of g} 6¥of] . of] lrGtf gePkl5 ls;fgx¿ lgw{Ss pTkfbg j[l4df nfUg ;s] eg] : yfgLo ;xsf®L klg ls;fgsf c¿ pGgltsf kIfdf nfUg kfof] . o;n] ubf{ Psflt® ls;fgnfO{ kmfObf eof] csf] {tkm{ sf®f] af®L b'j} ;xsf®LnfO{ klg kmfOb} eof] . h'g sfd of] ufpFsf ls;fgsf] hLjg: t® ;'wfg{ lgs} pkof] uL ;fljt ePsf] b] lvG5 .

efgb] j kGtn3' ljQ clws[t, ls;fg kl®of] hgf, 88] nw'®f

28

klxn]

snfjtLsf >Ldfg\ dlg®fd hfF8 vfP® l6Nn ky] { hlt;'s} a] nf klg . tf; v] Ng] plQs} . g 3®af® x] g] {, g t afnaRrfs} dtnj . v] tLkftL ug'{ t s] , 6f9} af6 ;d] t gx] g] { . v] Nb} ® vfFb} ub} {df %–& nfv ?lkofFsf] C0f nfUof] . hlt ;DemfpFbf klg gnfUg] . >LdtL ® 5f] ®f5f] ®L x} ®fg . 3® Jojxf® Wj: t} . o: t} b'MvL hLjg laTb} uof] snfjtL kGtsf] . b'Mvsf] cfF;' uxel® .

clxn]

x] bf{x] b} { ;don] sf] N6] km] ¥of] . dlg®fd cfPkl5 tf;sf] vfn hdfpg tD;g] x¿ pN6} efUg yfn] . … dlg®fd cfof] efu\ efu\Ú eGg] cfjfh ;'lgg yfn] sf] 5 . hfF8 vfg] x¿ klg pgL;Fu xRsg yfn] sf 5g\ . dlg®fdnfO{ ljuth: t} Psl5g tf;df a;f} F eg] klg Tof] ;Dej 5} g lsgls pgL;Fu ca o: tf] ug{ km';{b} 5} g . hlta] nf klg Ao: t . cfkm" gEofP® v] tfn} nufpg'k5{ ;w} Fh;f] . 5f] ®f5f] ®L k9fOn] vfOsf] dfu{df . cfF;' t clxn] klg cfpF5 snfjtLsf] cfFvfaf6 t® ;'vsf] .

kl®jt{gsf] sf®s

s] xL jif{cl3sf] dfq s'®f xf] , pgnfO{ ufpFs} l;4k'® aLp k|j4{g ;xsf®L ;+: yfn] aLp v] tL ug{ ;'emfof] . ;'?df t s] dfGy] ® < snfjtL elG5g\– xfdLn] w] ®} ;DemfOa'emfO u®] kl5 pxfF aLp v] tLsf nflu tof® x'g'eof] . 3® kl®jf®sf ;a} hgf ldn] ® aLp v] tL ug{ yfNof} F . o;} qmddf t®sf®L klg nufpg ;'? u¥of} F . >d ® d] xgtcg';f® ;kmntf k|fKt x'Fb} uof] . k} ;f klg ®fd|} xft kg{ yfNof] . h;n] xfdLdf pT;fx ®

km] l®of] gzf

29

lax] ul®;s] sf pgLx¿n] Ps 5f] ®f h] l6P k9fpFb} 5g\ eg] Ps 5f] ®fnfO{ ;®sf®Laf6 5'6fP® af] l8{ªdf xfn] sf 5g\ . o;nfO{ klg of] kl®jf®df cfPsf] ;sf®fTds ¿kfGt®0fsf] k|df0f dfGg lxlRsfpg'kb} {g .

clxn] t dlg®fd ® pgsL kTgL of] ufpFs} … hfGg] ;'Gg] s[ifsÚ df bl®g;d] t ;kmn ePsf 5g\ . pgnfO{ s'g afnL s;®L nufpg] , s'g ®f] usf] pkrf® s;®L ug] {, s'g aLp ®fd|f] x'G5 h: tf lh1f;f lnP® cfpg] nfO{ ;Demfpg klg km';{b x'Gg . … cfkm" t v] tLkftL gEofP® v] tfnf nufpF5', ToxL a] nf c¿ ;Nnfx dfUg cfOlbG5g\ t® klg lbg} k¥of] , cfkm\g} bfh'efO t x'gÚ – jif{df %) hgf hltnfO{ df} ;dL sfd;d] t lbg] -v] tfnf nufpg] _ dlg®fdsf] egfO 5 .

aLp v] tLdf tNnLg ePkl5 >Ldfg\ ;'w|] sf, 5f] ®f5f] ®Lsf] k9fOn] vfO ®fd|f] x'g yfn] sf] , C0f qmdzM 36\b} uP® cfly{s l: ylt klg ;'wf® x'Fb} uPkl5 clxn] snfjtLsf] kl®jf® sDtf v';L 5} g . of] kl®jt{gnfO{ dlg®fdsf] k'gh{Gdsf ¿kdf lng] x¿ ufpFdf 5\of: 5\of: tL e] l6G5g\ . o;nfO{ k'li6 ub} { dlg®fd cfkm} F eG5g\– klxn] d st} hfFbf dflg; kSs} k} ;f dfUg cfof] eg] ® n'sfn's uy] {, clxn] d} n] k} ;f dflulbP x'GYof] eG7fG5g\ lsgls d oltv] ® OHhtbf® dflg;df kl®0ft ePsf] 5', hlt k} ;f klg ltg{ ;Sg] ® s;} sf] gvfg] dfG5] df bl®Psf] 5' .

cem} lwt d®] sf] 5} g of] bDktLnfO{ s[lif pBd ug{ . To;} n] t pgLx¿ Psfw ®f] kgL hUuf yKg] ;'®;f®df 5g\ . h;df uf] ne] 8f nufpg] wf] sf] ;ª\ufn] sf 5g\ . w] ®} hUufdf w] ®} kl®>d u®] ® k'®fgf] C0f ltg] {, hUuf hf] g] { ® 5f] ®f5f] ®LnfO{ c;n dfu{df nufpg' g} of] bDktLsf] d'Vo Wo] o xf] . … ca d} n] ljut 5fl8;s] F, kZrftfk u®] ®dfq s] xL x'g] ®x] g5, Tof] la;] {® gofF hLjg, gofF sfd ;'? u®] sf] 5', To;} n] d d] ®f] nIo k"®f ug{ ;kmn x'g] 5'Ú – o: tf] 5 pgsf] c7f] 6 .

To;} n] oltv] ® s[lif pBd lsg < eGg] k|Zgsf] pQ® dlg®fd;Fu hf] 8] ® lbg] u5{g\ cu'jf s[ifsx¿ . pgLx¿ dlg®fdnfO{ d'Vo kfqsf ¿kdf JofVof u5{g\ ® pgdf cfPsf] kl®jt{g ;DemfpF5g\ . clg OR5fzlQm ePdf dflg;n] h: tf] ;'s} sfd klg ug{ ;S5 eGg] k'li6 u5{g\ . … x'g t dlg®fdn] s] g} To: tf] rdTsf® u®] sf x'g\ ® < cflv® dfq gzf km] ®] sf g x'g\– klxn] s'ntsf] lyof] eg] clxn] pBdsf] <Ú – pgsf af®] df 8} ;] nLsf ls;fgdfem x'g] u®] sf ljleGg rrf{dWo] sf] Pp6f o: tf] klg x'g] u5{ .

gofF cfF6 knfof] . o;®L aLp pTkfbgn] Joj;fosf] ¿k lnFb} uof] . To;kl5 t km';{b} sxfF eof] ® <

oltv] ® snfjtL ® dlg®fdnfO{ aLp v] tLk|lt o: tf] gzf nfu] sf] 5 ls pgLx¿n] cfkm\gf] c9fO ®f] kgLdf nufP® lwt gd®] kl5 $ ®f] kgL hUuf dft -cfkm"n] hUufjfnfnfO{ lbPsf] lglZrt k} ;f lkmtf{ gu?Gh] n p;sf] lglZrt hUuf Aofhjfkt rng ug{ kfOg] _ df lnP® v] tL ul®®x] sf 5g\ . Tof] klg k} ;f eP® sxfF xf] ® < ufpFs} l;4k'® art tyf C0f ;xsf®L;Fu C0f lnP® ^) xhf®

?lkofFdf dftdf lnPsf x'g\ . h;df pgLx¿n] Kofh, kfn'ª\uf] , n;'g, s] ®fp h: tf ljljwvfn] aLp pTkfbg ul®®x] sf 5g\ . csf{sf] hUufnfO{ dlnnf] ® pma{® agfP® To;af6 ;d] t pTkfbg lng ;lsPkl5 pgLx¿sf] cfF6 emg} r'lnPsf] 5 . af®Ldf ;w} F b] lvg] pgLx¿sf] pkl: yltn] o;nfO{ k'li6 u5{ .

o;®L lnPsf] C0f ltg{ s'g} ;d: of 5} g of] bDktLnfO{ lsgls Ps jif{df 8] 9 nfv hltsf] aLp ® () xhf® hltsf] n;'gdfq a] Rg] pgLx¿ ;a} vfn] aLp ® t®sf®L u®] ® $–% nfv ?lkofF g} leq\ofpF5g\ . lalu|Psf a] nfsf] C0f qmdzM ltb} { hfFbf klg cem} 8] 9 nfv ?lkofF 5 t® klg lrGtf eg] b] lvGg pgLx¿df . 5f] ®Lsf]

snfjtL kGt8} ;] nL, l;4k'®–@,

a} t8L

xfd|f] ;xsf®Lsf] p2] Zo g} aLpåf®f s[ifssf] hLjg: t®df ;'wf® Nofpg] xf] . oxL p2] Zocg';f® ;xsf®L lg®Gt® cl3 al9®x] sf] 5 . jf: tjd} xfdL ls;fgsf] hLjg: t® ;'wf® ePsf] ufpFd} b] lvPsf ljleGg dfksn] k'li6 u5{g\ . xfdL d] xgt u5f} {+, ;xsf®Ln] klg xfdLnfO{ e®k'® ;xof] u u®] sf] 5 t® ;®sf®n] jf: tljs ls;fgnfO{ lbg'kg] { ;xof] u eg] cf+lzs ® u} ®ls;fgsf] xftdf kl®®x] sf] 5 . o;df ;'wf® gNofpg] xf] eg] xfdL ls;fg hlt dlRrP klg … s'jfsf] Aofª s'jfd} Ú x'g] lglZrt 5 . h] xf] ;\, aLp pTkfbg xfdL h: tf b'u{daf;L ls;fgsf nflu ®fd|f] cj;® ag] ® pkl: yt ePsf] 5 h;df uj{ ug} {k5{ .

6Lsf®fd kGtaLp pTkfbs ls;fg, 8} ;] nL, a} t8L

30

s'df®jtL{–$ sf ls;fg lzj®fh yg] tn] cfkm\g} ufpFdf ;xsf®Ln] ®fv] sf] sfF6fdf wfg hf] v] . lx;falstfa u®] . sl®a @ nfv gub} a'em] ® 3® kmls{P . of] ;fndfq} x} g, cl3Nn} ;fn klg o: t} ;lhnf] ;Fu cfkm\gf] pTkfbg laqmL ug{ kfPkl5 wfg v] tL ug{ emg} xf} l;Psf 5g\ pgL . pgLdfq x} g, pgsf l5d] sL x] d®fh yg] t, xl®nfn yg] tx¿n] klg lzj®fhs} h: tf] ufpFaf6} wfg laqmL u®] ® gub lnP® kms] { .

b'O{ jif{cl3;Dd gf®fo0fu9sf Jofkf®LnfO{ wfg a] Rb} cfPsf lzj®fh eG5g\– … pm slxn] lng cfpg] eGg] yfxf g} x'Fb} gYof] . cfkm"nfO{ k} ;f cfjZos k®] sf a] nf a] R5' eGbf klg kfOGgYof] . To;dfly pwf®f] nfg] ;Defjgf klg plQs} x'GYof] . wfpFb} df x} ®fg . clxn] cfkm\g} ufpFsf] ;xsf®LnfO{ a] Rg kfpFbf w] ®} kmfObf ePsf] 5 . g 8'Ag] 8®, g 7lug] 8® g} . 6f9f n} hfg' klg k®] g . To;} n] ddfq x} g, s] xL klxNo} k} ;f lnP® p;} nfO{ lbg'kg] { afWotfdf k®] sfafx] s ;a} ls;fgn] clxn] oxL ;xsf®LnfO{ a] Rg] u®] sf 5g\ cfkm\gf] wfg .Ú cfkm\gf] pTkfbg sxfF s;®L sltdf a] Rg] eGg] tgfj kG5] sfdf v';L JoQm u5{g\ pgL .

lzj®fhn] eg] sf] ;xsf®L ToxL ;xsf®L ;ª\3 xf] h'g ljqmd ;+jt\ @)^% ;fndf !) j6f ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf®L ldn] ® : yfkgf ePsf] lyof] . lhNnf s[lif ;xsf®L ;ª\3 gfds of] ;+: yfn] k|lt;xsf®L !) nfv ?lkofF p7fP® @)^* ;fndf wfg s'6\g] ldn ;~rfngdf Nofof] . h;df !! nfv ?lkofF ;®sf®L ;xof] u klg ®Xof] . ! s®f] 8 #% nfv ?lkofFsf] ef} lts ;DklQ ®x] sf] of] ;xsf®LnfO{ k|To] s ;b: o ;xsf®Ln] yk C0f klg lbPsf 5g\ . !& s7\7f $ w'® hUuf, ejg, ldn ® sfof{noLo ;fdu|Lx¿ o;sf ;DklQ x'g\ .

h;sf] pTkfbg p;s} ahf®

31

;dGjodf s'df®L Aofª\saf6 C0f lnOof] . gk'u ®sd ufpFsf ;b: o ;xsf®Lx¿;Fu} C0fsf ¿kdf lnOof] . o;®L sl®a $ s®f] 8 ?lkofF h'6] kl5 ;'? eof] of] hgf sfof{Gjogsf] r®0f . oxL of] hgfcg';f® dlª\;®b] lv wfg vl®bsf] sfd ;'? eof] . tLg 7fpFdf sfF6f Joj: yfkg eof] . ;xsf®Lsf sd{rf®L sfF6f ®flvPsf : yndf cfkm} F wfP wfg vl®b ug{ . o;®L !! ;o 6g wfg vl®b ug] { nIo k"®f eof] . of] nIo k"®f ePkl5 ;xsf®LsdL{ xf} l;P . oL ;a} sfo{ sfo{qmdsf] ;dGjo ® ;Nnfxdf ;DkGg eof] eg] sd{rf®L ® ;xsf®Lsf kbflwsf®Lsf] k"0f{ ;fy ®Xof] . Joj: yfks gj®fh pkfWofo eG5g\– #–$ dlxgf t k"®} vl®bdf nfUof} F .

To;kl5 ;'? eof] dfs] {l6ªsf] sfd . : yfgLo ;~rf®dfWoddf lj1fkg lbg] ® k|rf®k|;f® ug] { sfd eof] . dsjfgk'®, lrtjg, wflbª, sf7df8f} +, ®;'jf, sfe|] knfGrf] s h: tf lhNnfdf 3'Dg] -dfs] {l6ª lelh6_ sfd klg eof] . o;®L 3'Dg] qmddf 6f] nLn] kxf8L If] q a9L ;Defljt ahf® x'g ;Sg] , kf] ln; gul®Psf] rfdn vf] hL eO®x] sf] , l: 6d rfdnsf] dfu a9L ePsf] h: tf ljifo kQf nufof] . oL ;a} sfddf sfo{qmds} ;xof] u ®Xof] .

wfg ;ª\sng eof] . ahf® klg kQf] nfUof] . ca cfjZos lyof] : t®Lotf sfod ug] { ® cfsif{s Kofs] lhªsf] . o;sf nflu klg sfo{qmdn] k"0f{ ;xof] u pknAw u®fof] . o;} sf] kl®0ffd xf] of] ;xsf®Ln] ;fgf ls;fg a|fG8sf] gfddf ;Daf dG;'nL, hL®f dl;gf] , ;f] gf dG;'nL, ;fljqL, df] 6f cflb rfdn ahf®df Nofof] . h;af6 ut jif{ -;g\ @)!%_ sf] clk|nb] lv dfr{;Dd # s®f] 8 % nfv ?lkofFsf] ;fdu|L laqmL eof] .

Psflt® rfdnn] ®fd|f] ahf® lnof] . csf] {lt® ;xpTkfbg 9'6f] ® slgsfn] klg ahf® lk6\of] . vf;u®L slgsf lbP®} EofPg ;xsf®Ln] eg] 9'6f] rflxF ufO{j: t'nfO{ v'jfpg] sf] tfFtL g} nfUof] . pkfWofo eG5g\– xfd|f ;xpTkfbg klg lgs} lk|o ag] . cfkm\gf] pTkfbgsf] ;xL d"No gkfP® ;w} F dsf{df kg] { u®] sf ls;fg cfkm} F cfa4 ;xsf®Ln] wfg lnOlbg yfn] kl5 dVv gkg] { s'®} ePg . ltg} ls;fgnfO{ ;xh xf] ;\ eg] ® ;xsf®Ln] k|To] s df} ;ddf wfg vl®bsf] ;"rgf k|lqmof;lxt ;fj{hlgs ug] { u®] sf] 5 . plta] n} gub;d] t pknAw u®fOg] ePsfn] klg ;xsf®LnfO{ wfg a] Rg ls;fg pT;flxt x'g] u®] sf 5g\ . ldnsf] ;] jf lng] ls;fgsf] ;ª\Vof !@–!# xhf® 5 . pBd ljsf; sfo{qmd nfu' ePsf tLg uflj;sf dfq # xhf® ls;fg of] ldnaf6 nfeflGjt ePsf] egfO klg pkfWofosf] 5 .

ldn t ;~rfng eof] t® wfg vl®b ug{ rfn' k'FhL lyPg . Jofkfl®s cg'ej ePsf JolQm ePgg\ . bIf sd{rf®L cefj eof] . To;} n] o;n] ck] lIft ult lng ;s] g . ®fd|f] ult lng g;s] kl5 @)&) ;fnsf] ;'?df of] ldn ;~rfng ug{ ;xsf®Ln] pk;ldlt u7g u¥of] . klxn] C0f lnPs} ;xsf®Lx¿af6 yk C0f lnOof] . $ hgf sd{rf®L ®flvPsf lyP . t® klg ldn ®fd|f] ;Fu ;~rfng x'g ;s] g . jflif{s ! s®f] 8 !)–!% nfvsf] xf®fxf®Ldf rfdn ® o;sf ;xpTkfbg laqmL x'GYof] . ldnsf] p2] Zo ® Ifdtfsf cfwf®df of] lgs}

sd lyof] . Joj: yfksLo sdhf] ®Lsf sf®0f of] kl®df0f klg 36\b} hfg yfNof] . x'Fbfx'Fbf kl5Nnf] * dlxgfb] lv t ldn sd{rf®LlaxLg aGg k'Uof] . sd{rf®L l6sfpg] Ifdtf;Dd ®x] g ;xsf®Lsf] . o: tf] cj: yfdf ;a} ls;fg ® nufgLstf{ ;xsf®L lrGtfdf kg'{ : jfefljs} xf] .

oxL lrGtfaLr cyf{t\ @)&! j} zfvdf of] ldndf cfOk'Uof] pBd ljsf; sfo{qmd . ;a} eGbf klxn] of] sfo{qmdn] ;xsf®Lsf] Joj: yfkg ;'wf®df ;3fof] . Jofj;flos of] hgf agfpg d2t u¥of] . Joj: yfks, ljQLo Joj: yfks, ldn ck®] 6®, ;xfos ck®] 6®, : 6f] ® lsk® ® ;'®Iff uf8{ h: tf sd{rf®L Joj: yf eof] . To;kl5 ldn ;~rfng lgb] {lzsf tof® eof] . o;} sf cfwf®df vl®b–laqmL of] hgf lgdf{0f eof] .

wfg vl®b t ug] { t® kof{Kt k'FhL ;xsf®L;Fu klg lyPg . pBd ljsf; sfo{qmdsf]

gj®fh pkfWofolhld®] ef®, ab{3f6 gkf–&, gjnk®f;L

d] ®f] ® l5d] sL ®df kf7ssf] u®] ® Ps 6«ofS6® wfg s'6\g NofPsf] x'F . oxfF s'6] kl5 e';, laofF, 9'ª\uf, df6f] cflb s] xL klg gx'g] ® ®fd|f] ;kmf rfdn n} hfg kfOg] ePsfn] sl®a Ps lsnf] ld6® 6f9fsf] af9LkLl8tb] lv wfg NofPsf] x'F . d t x®] s jif{ oxLF NofpF5' wfg s'6\g . of] ldnn] xfdLnfO{ : jR5 ® ;kmf eft v'jfpg lgs} d2t k'¥ofPsf] 5 .

®fwf clwsf®Lwfg s'6fpg ldndf cfPsL ls;fg

32

w"kgf®fo0fn] cfkm} F ;b: o ®x] sf] ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf®L ;+: yfn] pknAw u®fPsf] P;cf®cfO -;3g wfg v] tL k|ljlw_ sf] tflnd lnP . h'g tflnd gofF tl®sfaf6 wfg v] tL ug] { ® ®fd|f] k|ltkmn lng] ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt lyof] . To;kl5 pgn] # lj3fdWo] s] xLdf oxL k|ljlwcGtu{t wfg nufP . jiff} {+b] lv ul®®x] sf] v] tLeGbf of] k|ljlwcGtu{t wfg nufpg] ljlw ljNs'n} km®s lyof] . x®] s gofF k|ljlw ;a} sf nflu cK7] ®f] vfnsf] x'G5 g} , w"kgf®fo0fsf ;jfndf klg oxL s'®f nfu' eof] .

… klxn] xfdL wfg TolQs} km\ofFSYof} F, o;df a] gf{ agfpg'kg] { ®x] 5 . Aof8nfO{ kfgL sd rflxg] ®x] 5 . hd®f ®fv] em} F yf] ®} w'n] Aof8df wfg 5®] ® leh] sf] k®fnn] 5f] lklbg'kg] { ®x] 5 . aLp ®fv] sf] *–!) lbgdf ®f] Kg'kg] { ®x] 5 . clg ufFh ag] ® cfpg] ®x] 5 . ®f] Kbf klg @)–@% OGrsf] km®sdf nfOg ldnfP® ®f] Kg'kg] { ®x] 5Ú , w"kgf®fo0fn] yk] – ;'? ;'?df em\ofp nfu] klg la: tf® la: tf® o;sf] kmfObf a'em] kl5 afgL nfUbf] ®x] 5 . cfkm"n] ;'?df % s7\7fdf of] ljlwcg';f® wfg nufPsf] ® klxn] eGbf sl®a sl®a bf] Aa® g} kmn] sf] atfpg] pgL ca la: tf®} la: tf®} ;a} h;f] hUufdf o;®L g} nufpg] ljrf® u®] sf] atfpF5g\ .

of] k|ljlw ckgfpFbf Pp6fdfq a] gf{ ®f] k] k'Ug] ePsfn] Psflt® aLp sd nfU5 eg] csf] {lt® pv] lnPsf] emf® v] td} ®xg] ePsfn] dn klg sd xfn] k'U5 . To;} u®L tflnd lbg] ;xsf®Ln] g} emf® uf] 8\g] d] l;g;d] t lbPsfn] uf] 8\g klg ;lhnf] x'g] ® ;do klg sd nfUg]

36\b} dlxnfsf] sfo{af] em

33

x'g] pgsf] a'emfO 5 . h;nfO{ pgLx¿ cfkm\gf] e"uf] n ® jftfj®0f ;'xfpFbf] k|ljlw eGg ?rfpF5g\ . lhGbuLe® cK7] ®f] tj®n] v] tL u®] klg a'9] ;sfndf eg] ;lhnf] k|ljlw cfPsf] df w"kgf®fo0f bDktL bª\u 5g\ . To;} n] Ps} : j®df eG5g\– h] xf] ;\, xfdLn] v] tLkftLaf6 b'Mv kfP klg 5f] ®f gfltn] eg] ;'v kfpg] eP .

c¿ a] nf kfgL sd rflxg] eP klg of] k|ljlwn] uf] 8\g] a] nfdf rflxF v] tdf kfgL vf] H5 . gq d] l;gn] ®fd|f] ;Fu uf] 8\g ;Sb} g . of] afx] s P;cf®cfO k|ljlwaf6 wfg v] tL ubf{ ;a} kIfdf dlxnfsf] af] em 36\g] ts{ oL j[4 dlxnfsf] 5 . … 7\ofSs} slt ;do sd nfU5 eGg] u0fgf t ul®Psf] 5} g t® TolQs} pTkfbg lng cfwf hldgdf dfq v] tL u®] k'Ug] ePkl5 cfwf sfd plQs} 36] g ® <– slt sfd 36\of] t eGg] k|Zgdfly k|ltk|Zg ul5{g\ pgL .

p;} t wfg v] tsf] emf®n] g} dnsf] sfd ug] { ePsfn] sd dn xfn] k'Ug] of] k|ljlwdf w"kgf®fo0fsf] kl®jf®n] ufO{j: t's} dn xfNg] u®] sf] 5 . @ xn uf] ? ® y'k|} afv|f kfn] sf pgLx¿ wfg v] tdf log} j: t'sf] dn k|of] u u5{g\ . … hf] T5 klg, dn klg lbG5Ú – uf] ?sf] ax'cfoflds kmfObf atfpFb} xf} l;G5g\ w"kgf®fo0f . ca a9L hUufdf of] k|ljlwn] wfg nufpg] of] hgf;Fu} pgLx¿n] ufO{ e} F;Lsf] ;ª\Vof klg a9fpg] of] hgf agfO;s] sf 5g\ . o;sf nflu cfkm} FnfO{ P;cf®cfO k|ljlw l;sfpg] cfkm\g} ;xsf®L;Fu C0f lng] of] hgf;d] t pgLx¿sf] 5 . v] tLsf a] nf ;xsf®L;Fu C0f lng] ® pTkflbt wfg a] r] ® ltg] { afgL k®] sf w"kgf®fo0f bDktL cfkm"x¿nfO{ ;xsf®Ln] w] ®} u'g nufPsf] >] o lbg klg lxlRsrfpFb} gg\ .

b] lvPsf] cg'ej o;sf k|of] ustf{sf] 5 . aLp ®fVbf kfgL sd rflxg] ® c¿ a] nf klg c¿ wfg h: tf] kfgL a9L grflxg] ePsfn] : ofxf® klg Tolt w] ®} rflxGg . To;} u®L a9L cfDbfgL x'g] ePsfn] yf] ®} v] tLdf nufPs} n] vfg k'Ug] eof] .

w"kgf®fo0fsL >LdtL elG5g\– klxn] klxn] aLp g} w] ®} ®f] Kgfn] w] ®} cf] ;fg'{kYof] {, uf] 8d] ndf ;do w] ®} nfUYof] , w] ®} v] tLdf nufpg'kgf{n] d] xgt ® >d a9L nfUYof] , oL ;a} sfd xfdL dlxnfn] g} ug'kYof] { . clxn] gofF

k|ljlw ckgfP® v] tL ubf{ eg] oL ;a} If] qdf ;do ® d] xgt sd u®] k'Ug] ePsf] 5 . o;n] xfdL dlxnfsf] sfo{af] em 36fPsf] 5 . To;} n] 3®df d oxL k|ljlw ckgfP® v] tL ug] { ;Nnfx lbG5' .

klxn] w] ®} hldgdf nufpFbf klg cfkm\gf] !( hgfsf] kl®jf®nfO{ vfg wf} wf} kb} { cfPsfdf of] k|ljlw ckgfP® v] tL u®] kl5 yf] ®} hldgsf] pTkfbgn] klg vfOj®L a] Rg;d] t k'u] sf] egfO klg 5 w"kgf®fo0fsL >LdtLsf] . cfkm\gf] hUufdf l;FrfO ;'ljwf gePsfn] klg kfgL sd nfUg] of] k|ljlw cfkm"x¿sf nflu lgs} pkof] uL

w"kgf®fo0f rf} w®Lky®} of, ltnsk'®–#,

gjnk®f;L

d} n] P;cf®cfO tflnd lbPkl5 s] xLn] gsf®fTds l6Kk0fL u®] . w] ®} n] eg] o;nfO{ Jojxf®df nfu' u®] . d] xgt sd tyf kmnfO w] ®} b] v] ® clxn] o: tf] tflnd xfdLnfO{ klg lbg'k¥of] eGg] dfu w] ®} lt®af6 cfO®x] sf] 5 . w] ®} n] of] k|ljlwsf] k|z+;f klg u®] sf 5g\ . of] ljlw yf] ®} hUuf x'g] sf nflu Psbd} pkof] uL 5 . of] k|ljlw ckgfP® v] tL ubf{ sfd yf] ®} u®] k'U5 eg] aLp, dn cflb klg sd nfU5 . To;} n] of] k|ljlw ckgfPsf ls;fgn] d;dIf dlxnfsf] sfo{af] em 36] sf] k|ltlqmof JoQm ug] { u®] sf 5g\ . d c¿nfO{ l;sfpg] dfq x} g, cfkm";Fu ®x] sf] % s7\7f hUufdf klg oxL ljlw ckgfP® wfg nufpF5' . cflv® cfkm" gug] {n] c¿nfO{ u® eGg klg t sxfF ldN5 ® <

®fdk|;fb e';fnh] l6P, ltnsk'® s[lif ;xsf®L

34

!% s7\7fdf # j6f kf] v®L agfP® df5f kfng ug] { dLgk|;fbn] @ j6frflxF ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf®Laf6 C0f lnP® lgdf{0f u®] sf x'g\ . kf] v®Ld} t®sf®L v] tL;d] t ug] { pgn] l8nx¿;d] t afFemf] g®fVg] ®0fgLlt cª\ufn] sf 5g\ . ;f] emf] cy{df eGbf dLgk|;fbsf] 3®} cufl8sf] kf] v®Ldf df5f ;NanfO®x] sf b] lvG5g\ eg] l8n ® 5] p5fpdf t®sf®L nxnxfO®x] sf . o;af6 pgnfO{ bf] xf] ®f] t] xf] ®f] kmfObf t 5Fb} 5 ;fy} x] g] {nfO{ klg lgs} cfgGb nfUg] jftfj®0f tof® kf®] sf 5g\ pgn] .

To;f] t klxn] df5f kfng ubf{ C0f ltg{ g;s] ® pgsf] hUuf g} lnnfd klg eof] . cfjZos ;Nnfx lbg] klg sf] xL ePgg\ . ;®sf®L k|fljlwssf] ;xof] u klg kfPgg\ . t® klg pgn] x®] ; vfPgg\ . pN6} ufpFs} ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf®Lsf] ;Dks{df k'u] ® cfjZos ;Nnfx lnP . clg nuQ} b'O{ j6f kf] v®L yk] . clxn] eg] cfkm\gf] df5f kfng lgs} ®fd|f] ePsf] ;'gfpF5g\ . eG5g\– jif{sf] ! nfveGbf a9Lsf] df5f a] R5' . Tof] klg 3®af6} . df5f Jofkf®Ln] pgsf] kf] v®L g} lslglbg] u®] sf] atfpFb} eG5g\– af] nsaf] n u¥of] , s'®f ldn] kl5 kf] v®L g} p;} nfO{ lbg] xf] , g uGg] emGem6 g k'¥ofpg] ® a] Rg al;®xg] 6] G;g g} .

o;f] x'g'df ;xsf®Ln] lbg] tflnd, p;n] ®fv] sf k|fljlwsn] lbg] ;Nnfx tyf p;s} cfly{s ;xof] usf] 7"nf] of] ubfg ®x] sf] klg atfpg e'Nb} gg\ pgL . o;afx] s df5f ® ufO{sf nflu cfjZos ;a} ;fdu|L ;xsf®Ls} k;ndf kfOg'n] klg cfkm\gf] pBdnfO{ ;3fPsf] egfO pgsf] 5 hxfFaf6 pgL

km\o'hg M df5f ® wfgsf]

35

®fd|f] nfu] sf] atfpg] pgL pv] Ng klg ;lhnf] ePsfn] clxn] P;cf®cfOafx] s c¿ k|ljlwaf6 v] tL ubf{ klg aLprflxF oxL k|ljlwaf6 ®fVg yfn] sf] pNn] v u5{g\ . ls;fgnfO{ of] k|ljlwaf®] afgL nufpg ufx|f] eP klg lgs} kmnbfoL ®x] sf] cGo ls;fgnfO{ ;d] t ;'emfpF5g\ . ca cfkm} F klg ! lj3f hUufdf of] k|ljlwcGtu{t wfg nufpg] of] hgf klg a'lg;s] sf 5g\ .

lgs} l;h{gzLn 5g\ dLgk|;fb . To;} n] t ePsf] Pp6f 5f] ®f] b'aO{ uP klg >Ldfg\ ® >LdtL ldn] ® ®fd|} s[lif pBd ug{ ;s] sf 5g\ . kf] v®Ldf ;d] t t®sf®L nufpg] gjLg z} nLkl5 csf] { To: t} z} nL ckgfpFb} 5g\– df5f ® wfg v] tLaLr ;dGjo . cyf{t\ df5f kf] v®Lsf] kfgL cfkm\gf] P;cf®cfO k|ljlwcGtu{t nufOPsf] wfg v] tdf hfg] ® wfg v] tsf] kfgL kf] v®Ldf klg hfg ldNg] agfO®x] sf 5g\ . o;f] ubf{ wfgnfO{ kfgL rflxPsf a] nf kf] v®Laf6 l;FrfO x'G5 eg] grflxPsf a] nf kf] v®Ld} hDdf u5{ ldN5 . csf] {tkm{ df5fn] wfg v] t rfn] ® dg kg] { emf®x¿ vfOlbgfn] uf] 8d] ndf ;xof] u k'U5 eg] df5fnfO{ klg d'v km] g] { cj;® k|fKt x'G5 . To;} n] oltv] ® df5faf6 wfgnfO{ ® wfgaf6 df5fnfO{ kmfObf k'Ug] h'lQmnfO{ Jofjxfl®s agfpFb} 5g\ pgL . o;sf nflu df5f klg To: t} hftsf kfNg] WofpGgdf nfu] sf 5g\ .

;xsf®Lsf k|fljlwsaf6 ®fd|f] ;Nnfx kfO®x] sfn] g} cfkm\gf] pBd ;kmntflt® pGd'v eO®x] sf] atfpFb} pgL eG5g\– ;®sf®L lgsfosf k|lqmof emGeml6nf 5g\, ToxfFaf6 ls;fgn] ;] jf÷;'ljwf lng' … cfsfzsf] kmn cfFvf t®L d®Ú eg] h: t} xf] , To;} n] ;xsf®L h: tf lgsfo tyf Ol8kL h: tf sfo{qmdn] xfdL h: tf pBd ug{ rfxg] nfO{ pT;flxt agfPsf] 5 .

ahf®df cfpg] dn ® aLpsf] u'0f: t® klg qmdzM v: sFb} hfg yfn] sf] cg'ej ;'gfpFb} pgL ls;fg lxtsf nflu k;n ®fv] sf] ;xsf®LnfO{ ;Nnfx lbG5g\– o;af®] df klg ;f] rljrf® ug{ cfjZos 5 lsgls d} n] ahf®af6 lsg] sf] dndf afn'jf e] l6of] . To;} u®L uf] ®vgfy gfdsf] aLp klg klxn] Pp6} af] 6df $)–$% ufFh nfUYof] eg] clxn] @) j6f klg nfUb} g . To;} n] o: tf ;fdu|L NofpFbf ;xsf®Ln] rflxF ;: tf] eGbf klg : t®Lo ® w] ®} 7fpFdf hfFra'em u®] ® Nofpg'k5{ . clgdfq ;xsf®Lsf] ls;fgd'vL sfo{qmd ;kmn x'g ;S5 .

cfjZostfcg';f® r"g, vfBfGg, le6fldg h: tf df5fnfO{ rflxg] ;fdu|L vl®b u5{g\ . x'g t df5f kfngaf®] pgnfO{ klg w] ®yf] ® hfgsf®L 5 t® ;xsf®Ln] ®fv] sf k|fljlwsn] klg cfjZos ;Nnfx lbg] u5{g\ . o;af6 dLgk|;fbnfO{ cem} a9L cfDbfgL lng ;xh ePsf] 5 .

Psflt® df5f v] tL km: 6fO®x] sf] 5 csf] {lt® P;cf®cfO k|ljlwaf6 wfg nufpg] qmd klg hf®L 5 . ;xsf®Ln] pknAw u®fPsf] P;cf®cfO tflnd lnPkl5 pgn] !$ s7\7fdf oxL k|ljlw ckgfP® wfg

nufO®x] sf 5g\ . ! lj3fsf] wfg uf] 8\g *) hgf;Dd v] tfnf nfUg] ® o: tf hgzlQm kfpg ufx|f] eO®x] sf] atfpg] dLgk|;fb of] k|ljlwsf] ;a} eGbf ®fd|f] kIf g} d] l;gn] uf] 8\g ldNg'nfO{ atfpF5g\ . wfgsf] af] 6 km®s ldnfP® ®f] Kg'kg] { ePsfn] d] l;gn] uf] 8\g ;xh x'g] ® To;®L uf] 8\bf lg: sg] emf® ToxLF ®xL dnsf] ;d] t sfd ug] { ePsfn] cfkm"nfO{ of] dg k®] sf] pgsf] egfO 5 .

kfgL sd rflxg] , aLp ®fVg klg ;xh x'g] ® pTkfbg klg c¿ wfgeGbf 8] 9 u'gf kmNg] ePsfn] cfkm"nfO{ of] k|ljlwn] tfg] sf] pgL atfpF5g\ . aLp ®vfO lgs}

dLgk|;fb pkfWofo -nD;fn_

wg] jf, hxbf–^, gjnk®f;L

pBd ljsf; sfo{qmd nfu' ePkl5 ls;fgnfO{ dn, aLp h: tf ;fdu|L ufpFd} Jojl: yt tl®sfn] pknAw u®fpg' ;xsf®Lsf] ®fd|f] kIf xf] . ;a} ls;fgnfO{ pGgt ® Jojl: yt v] tL ug] {af®] 1fg x'Gg, ;a} nfO{ o: tf] 1fg lbnfpg ;s] cem} ®fd|f] x'GYof] . P;cf®cfO k|ljlw ;'?df cln emGeml6nf] nfu] klg lgs} ®fd|f] ®x] 5 . o;nfO{

a'emfpg ;Sg'k5{ . tflndx¿ lgs} k|efjsf®L 5g\ . ;xsf®Ld} df6f] k®LIf0fsf] Joj: yf klg ePsfn] ls;fgnfO{ lgs} ;xh ePsf] 5 .

gdk|;fb e6\6®fO{lzIfs, cv08 lgdflj, hxbf–^

36

gjnk®f;Lsf] s'df®jtL{ uflj;–% l: yt ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf®L ;+: yf lnld6] 8åf®f ;~rflnt ;xsf®L k;n -jg ljG8f] ;k_ s'df®jtL{sf ls;fgaLr dfq ;Lldt x'g'kg] { xf] t® o;nfO{ l5d] sL uflj; sf] Nx'jf ® gf®fo0fLsf ls;fgn] klg … cfkm\g} Ú agfPsf 5g\ . To;} n] t of] ;xsf®Lsf kbflwsf®L cfkm\gf] sfo{If] q atfpFbf s'df®jtL{;Fu} oL b'O{ uflj;sf] gfd klg 5'6fpFb} gg\ .

oxL sf®0f xf] – tLg uflj;df ®x] sf !* j6f e] 6] g®L k;nnfO{ pl5Gb} of] ;xsf®L k;n If] qs} ;a} eGbf a9L ls;fgnfO{ ;] jf÷;'ljwf k|bfg ug] { lgsfosf ¿kdf kl®lrt 5 . o;sf] k|d'v sf®0f ;xsf®Lsf] k;nnfO{ ls;fgn] … cfkm\g} Ú 7fGg' xf] . To;afx] s o; k;ndf cGo k;nsf] t'ngfdf ls;fgsf ;fdu|L ;: tf] kfOg' klg xf] . ;u'g eG5g\– xfd|f] df s'g} klg ;fdfgsf] d"No cGo k;nsf] eGbf sd x'G5 . cem dn t lgs} sd d"Nodf kfOG5 . h: tf] – clwsf+z ;fdfgdf of] k;nn] % b] lv ( k|ltzt;Dd dfq gfkmf ®fVg] u5{ .

of] ;xsf®Ldf @() t ;d"xdfq cfa4 5g\ . !^)# t ;] o® ;b: odfq 5g\ . s'g} 3® o: tf] 5} g h'g ;xsf®Lsf] ;b: o gePsf] xf] ;\ . To;dfly klg ;a} ;b: o dlxnf . cWoIf ® sfo{;ldltdf klg ;a} dlxnf . cfkm\g} ejgdf sfof{no ® k;n . oxL tYofª\s ;'Gb} klg yfxf x'G5 ls ;xsf®Lsf] ®f} gs s: tf] xf] nf eGg] . geGb} g s'g} a] nf k;n vfnL x'G5 g t art tyf C0fsf nflu cfpg] sf] cf] O®f] g} . … art klg ug] {, rflxPsf] ;fdfg klg n} hfg] , xfdL t b'j} sfd Ps} k6s u5f} {+ ® To;f] ubf{ ;xh klg ePsf] 5Ú – k;ndf e] l6PsL ls;fg t] hs'df®L dxtf] atfpFl5g\ .

e®kbf] { ;fyL

37

klg ;'? ug{ nfu] sf] ® o;sf nflu h] l6Px¿nfO{ tflnd klg k|fKt eO;s] sf] sfkm\n] sf] egfO 5 .

ls;fgsf] hLjg: t® psf: g] p2] Zon] ;xsf®Ldf pBd ljsf; sfo{qmd nfu' ePnuQ} p;s} ;xof] udf v'n] sf] of] k;nn] @ jif{sf] aLrdf #* nfv * xhf® ! ;o %$ ?lkofFsf] laqmL ug{ ;Sg' ® o;dWo] # nfv @* xhf® ! ;o ^@ ?lkofF gfkmf;d] t sdfpg ;Sg'n] klg k;nsf] k|efjsfl®tf k'li6 x'G5 . Psflt® p: t} w] ®} k;naLr k|lt: kwf{ csf] {lt® ls;fgs} lxtsf nflu vf] lnPsfn] w] ®} gfkmf ®fVg klg gldNg] cj: yfaLr b] lvPsf] k;nsf] kmfObfnfO{ sd cfFSg gldNg] t] hs'df®L h: tf ls;fgs} egfO 5 .

sfo{qmdn] pknAw u®fPsf] ;'?df % nfv ® k'gM % nfv u®L !) nfvsf] nfutdf vf] lnPsf] k;n lrl6Ss ® ;kmf;'U3® 5 . 6Gg cyf{t\ el®e®fp ;fdu|Ln] ;'?d} ls;fgsf] Wofg cfslif{t ul®xfNg] jftfj®0f klg 5 . k} ;f ePkl5 ®fd|f ® : t®Lo ;fdfg Nofpg ;lsg] ®x] 5 eGg] sfkm\n] yK5g\– oxfF ®fd|f aLp b] v] ® g} klxn] t®sf®L g} gnufpg] x¿ klg olta] nf nufpg yfn] sf 5g\, ;: tf] x} g, : t®Lo vf] Hg yfn] sf 5g\, ljz] iftf s] xf] eg] ® vf] hLgLlt ug{ yfn] sf 5g\, gofF aLp s] 5, s;®L ®f] Kg] eg] ® d ® xfd|} h] l6P;Fu ;f] Wg yfn] sf 5g\ .

ls;fgdf hfFu® knfP;Fu} h] l6P dxtf] ® k;n Joj: yfks sfkm\n] olt Ao: t x'g yfn] sf 5g\ ls df] afOnsf] 3G6L;d] t pgLx¿s} lh1f;fn] Ao: t ®xg] u5{ w] ®} ;do . cfpg] x¿ k;nd} cfP® ;f] W5g\, gEofpg] x¿ v] t} af6 hfgsf®L lnG5g\ . … ®f] Kbf–®f] Kb} , kfgL nufpFbf–nufpFb} , ljiffbL xfNbf–xfNb} s'g} ;d: of b] lvof] ls kmf] g ul®xfN5g\, xfdL klg v';L eP® hfg] sf] s'®f atfOlbG5f} F, cflv® xfd|f] sfd} klg t xf] Tof] Ú – dxtf] ® sfkm\n] Ps} : j®df eG5g\ .

s'df®jtL{sf ls;fgn] ;®sf®L ;] jf lng] s[lif ;] jf s] Gb| sfjf;f] tLdf 5 h'g 7fpF of] ;xsf®Lb] lv sl®a !@ lsnf] ld6® 6f9f k5{ . csf] {tkm{ sf] Nx'jf ® gf®fo0fLsf ls;fgn] o: tf] ;] jf lng] ;®sf®L s] Gb| rf] ®df®fdf 5 h'g 7fpF oL uflj;af6 !&–!* lsnf] ld6® b"®Ldf k5{ . To;} n] ls;fgsf nflu o: tf ;'ljwf lng] ;xh 7fpF ;xsf®L g} x'g] u®] sf] 5 . kz' ladfsf] sfd, C0f lng] , art ug] {, cf} iflw lsGg] , uf] a® k®LIf0f tyf ;®sf®L ;] jf s] Gb|n] pknAw u®fpg] k|fljlws ;] jf÷;Nnfx klg oxLF pknAw x'g] ePkl5 ;xsf®L ® o;sf] k;n clxn] ;a} ls;fgsf] … e®kbf] { ;fyLÚ aGg ;s] sf] xf] .

;xsf®Ln] k;n vf] n] sf] w] ®} ePsf] klg 5} g . dfq b'O{ jif{cl3;Dd oxfFsf ls;fg hlt;'s} dxFuf] k®] klg, hfg dg gnfu] klg JolQms} k;ndf hfg'sf] ljsNk lyPg . g s'g} u'gf;f] ug{ kfOg] g t cfkm"n] rfx] cg';f®sf ;a} ;fdfg ;: tf] ® : t®Lo g} kfOg] . t] hs'df®L elG5g\– ha of] k;n v'Nof] , xfdLnfO{ ;lhnf] x'g] t 5Fb} 5, ;fy} of] hftsf] aLp n] pm, of] dn n] pm eGg kfOG5 . pgLx¿ ;'G5g\ klg lsgls of] k;n xfdL ;a} sf] xf] .

p;} t v] tLkftL ® kz'kfngdf Vofltk|fKt of] 7fpFdf ;xsf®Ln] k;n ®fv] kl5 t®sf®L v] tL ug] {, v] tLkftLdf pGgt k|ljlw ckgfpg] tyf kz' ® df5f kfng ug] {sf] ;ª\Vof lgs} a9] sf] hfgsf®L lbG5g\ oxL ;xsf®Lsf h] l6P ?0fl;+x dxtf] . a"9L gbL ® ktjf®L vf] nfsf] kfgLaf6 ®fd|f] l;FrfO x'g] ePsfn] klg ls;fg emg} xf} l;g] jftfj®0f ag] sf] 5 . oxL sf®0f kl5Nnf] ;dodf s'df®jtL{df s[lif pTkfbg j[l4 x'g'sf ;fy} ls;fgsf] hLjg: t® klg lgs} ®fd|f] ;Fu ;'wfl®Psf] cg'ej hf] ;'s} n] ug{ ;S5g\ .

b'O{ jif{otf o; If] qdf kl®jt{g cfpg'sf] ;Dk"0f{ sf®0f ;xsf®Ln] vf] n] sf] k;n} geP klg Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ sf®0frflxF kSs} ePsf] bfaL k;n Joj: yfks sfkm\n] sf] 5 . ljiffbL, dn, aLpljhg, : k|] , 6\ofª\sL, xhf®L, aLp hdfpg] 6«] , kGhf, EoflS;g, uf] a® k®LIf0f=== s] 5} g of] k;ndf < ca tTsfn df6f] k®LIf0f ;] jf

;u'g sfkm\n] k;n Joj: yfks,

s'df®jtL{–%, gjnk®f;L

3® glhs c¿ o: t} k;n eP klg dn, aLp, ljiffbL h: tf ;a} ;fdfg oxLF -;xsf®L_ af6 nfG5' lsgls oxfF ljZj;gLo nfU5 . csf] { s'®f cfkm"nfO{ rflxPsf a] nf aLp klg pwf®f] lbG5g\, s;} ;fd' bfFt lªRofpg'kb} {g . km] l® ;xsf®Ldf hfg] eg] kl5 sf] xL g sf] xL ;fyL eOxfN5g\, ukm ub} { cfof] , cfkm"h: t} w] ®} lbbLalxgL klg e] 6 x'G5g\ . s] xL eP klg gofF s'®f yfxf x'G5 . cfkm\gf] s] xL ;d: of eP h] l6P;Fu ;f] Wg klg kfOG5 . To;} n] d t cGt hfGg .

ufdf dxtf] sf] Nx'jf–*, ;d"x g+= @@*

38

kljqf ® pgsf >Ldfg\ s'nfgGb e';fnn] ufO{ kfNg yfn] sf] * jif{ laTof] . ufO{ kfngnfO{ Jofj;flos ¿k lbPsf] klg % jif{ gfl3;Sof] . o;aLrdf ufO{ a9fpFb} nu] ® @* j6f k'¥ofPsf 5g\ . ljqmd ;+jt\ @)^& df tD;l®ofsf] gjb'uf{ ;xsf®Ln] cfkm\g} ufpFdf b"w ;ª\sng l8kf] ®fv] kl5 ufO{ kfngdf xf} l;Psf] of] bDktL To;otf nuftf® oxL k] zfdf ®dfpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . o;} nfO{ d'Vo k] zf agfPsf 5g\ eg] ufO{ kfngaf6} cfkm\gf] eljio ;'lglZrt x'g] lgisif{;lxt cl3 al9®x] sf 5g\ .

pgLx¿ c9fO jif{b] lv b} lgs ;o ln6® xf®fxf®Ldf b"w a] R5g\ . clg b} lgs % xhf®sf] xf®fxf®Ldf cfDbfgL leq\ofpF5g\ . h;af6 Aofª\s C0fsf] ls: tf lt5{g\ eg] afFsLaf6 5f] ®f5f] ®Lsf] k9fOn] vfOdf vr{ u5{g\ ® s] xL art klg . … b'Mv t x'G5 t® b'Mvkl5 k|fKt x'g] ;'v klg sDtf cfsif{s 5} gÚ – b'Mv gu®L ;'v xft nfUb} g eGg] ®fd|f] ;Fu a'em] sL kljqf uDeL® ljifonfO{ xfF: b} k|: t't ul5{g\ .

cfkm\g} ufpFsf] ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf®Lsf] jg ljG8f] ;kaf6 ufO{nfO{ cfjZos kg] { cf} iflw, le6fldg, SoflN;od h: tf ;fdfg Nofpg] pgL oxL sf®0f klg ufO{ kfng Joj;fodf yf] ®} g} lsg gxf] ;\, ;xof] u k'u] sf] pNn] v ul5{g\ . cfkm" klg ;] o® ;b: o ePsfn] s] xL kmfObfsf] c+z cfkm\g} 3®df ;d] t leqg] atfpFb} pgL k|Zg ul5{g\– klxnf] s'®f t oxfF d"No g} cGteGbf sd 5, bf] ;|f] ToxL sd d"Nosf] klg s] xL c+z xfdLn] ;d] t gfkmfsf ¿kdf kfpF5f} F . o: tf] bf] xf] ®f] kmfObf 5f8] ® sf] hfcf] ;\ cGt <

ladfsf] 5xf®L

39

cfP® ufO{sf] ladf u®fpFbf x'g] kmfObf k|: 6 a'emfP® o;tkm{ pTk|] l®t u®] , To;kl5 eg] gu®fO®xg} ;lsg .

;fgf ls;fg ;xsf®Lsf h] l6Pn] g} ;fgf ls;fg ljsf; Aofª\s a'6jn uP® ;a} k|lqmof ldnfOlbg] ePsfn] klg cfkm"x¿nfO{ ladf u®fpg s'g} emGem6 gePsf] egfO kljqfsf] 5 . To;} n] t of] ufpFdf kljqfsf] dfq x} g, ladf u®fOPsf ufO{sf] ;ª\Vof @)) gfl3;Sof] . kljqf h: tf ls;fg cfkm\gf kz'sf] ladf u®fpg sDd® s;] ® nfu] kl5 ;xsf®Lsf h] l6P ?0fl;+x dxtf] klg sd xf} l;Psf 5} gg\ . eG5g\– of] t ;'?jftdfq xf] , xfdL ufpFe®sf ;a} ls;fgsf kz'sf] ladf u®fpg] cleofgdf 5f} F, cflv® xfd|f] d'Vo sfddWo] s} t xf] of] klg .

sltn] ladfjfktsf] lk|ldodnfO{ l;Q} F ltg'{k®] sf] klg 7fGg] u®] sf 5g\ t® of] ufpFsf ls;fgnfO{ klg of] e|daf6 d'Qm u®fPsf 5g\ h] l6P dxtf] n] . pgLx¿ s'g} 7] ufg gePsf] cfkm\gf] kz' wgaf6 x'g] ;Defljt xflgaf6 aRg of] lgs} pkof] uL ePsfn] … ug} {k5{Ú eGg] 6'ª\uf] df k'u] sf kfOG5 . h;nfO{ kljqfsf] of] egfOn] klg k'li6 u5{– n cfkm\g} kz' wgsf] ;'®Iffsf nflu ckgfOPsf] Joj: yf klg sxLF l;Q} Fdf x'G5 ® < Tof] ga'em] sf] ls;fgn] eGg] s'®fdfq xf] .

oL lxDdtL dlxnf cfkm} F klg ;fdflhs pBdL dlxnf ;xsf®LsL cWoIf x'g . gu®: t®Lo s[lif ;~hfnsf] ;x;lrj klg x'g . j8f gful®s d~rsf] pkfWoIf klg xfFls;s] sL l5g\ . b"w 8] ®Ldf klg % jif{ hlt sfd u®] sf] cg'ej 5 . To;} n] t pgn] pBdsf] dxTj a'em] sL l5g\ . cfkm\gf kz'nfO{ ladf u®fpg'sf] cy{ k|i6} yfxf kfPsL l5g\ . pgn] s[lifsf] dxTj slt a'em] sL 5g\ eGg] yfxf kfpg … cfkm\gf] 5f] ®fnfO{ h] l6P k9fO®x] af6} Ú klg a'em\g ;lsG5 .

… Aofª\saf6 C0f lnP® oqf ufO{ kflnPsf] 5, d®] eg] s] ug] {, 8'laG5 ls Sof xf] <Ú h: tf lrGtfn] a] nfa] nfdf ;tfO®xGYof] kljqfnfO{ . t® kl5Nnf] ;do eg] of] lrGtfaf6 d'Qm l5g\ pgL . lsgls ufO{nfO{ s] xL eOxfNof] eg] klg ca pgn] 3f6f a] xf] g'{kb} {g . sf®0f– pgn] cfkm\gf ufO{sf] ladf u®fPsL l5g\ . !@ j6fsf] u®fO;lsg\ eg] c¿sf] klg qmdzM u®fpFb} l5g\ . … ;a} ufO{sf] u®fpF5', Pp6f klg afFsL ®flVbg\Ú eGg] kljqf o;kl5 9'Ss x'g ;lsg] ® s'g} lrGtf afFsL g®xg] pb\3f] if

klg ul5{g\– cflv® kz' wg g xf] , s] ljZjf; x'G5 ® <

clxn] cfkm\gf %) xhf® ?lkofF d"Nofª\sg ePsf Pp6f ufO{sf] ^@% ?lkofF lk|ldod ltl5{g\ pgL . &% k|ltzt ;®sf®n] g} a] xf] g] { ePsfn] lgs} yf] ®} k} ;f ltbf{ k'U5 . cem bf] ;|f] , t] ;|f] jif{ klg gjLs®0f u®] df of] ®sd 36\b} hfG5 . of] ;a} hfgsf®L ®fd|f] ;Fu kfPsL kljqf oxL sf®0f klg ;a} ufO{sf] ladf u®fpg cft'® ePsL x'g\ . pgL elG5g\– d t of] jif{dfq x} g, kl5Nnf jif{x¿df klg ;a} ufO{sf] ladf u®fO®xG5' .

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