hsc-ssp view of dust obscured...

Tohru Nagao, Michael A. Strauss, Masaru Kajisawa, Tomo Goto, Masa Imanishi, and the HSC-DOGs team

Yoshiki TOBA (鳥羽儀樹) (Ehime Univ. => ASIAA )

Toba et al. 2015, PASJ, 67, 86

Toba et al. 2016b, in prep.

銀河進化研究会2016 2016.06.02

HSC-SSP view of Dust Obscured Galaxies

Tohru Nagao, Michael A. Strauss, Masaru Kajisawa, Tomo Goto, Masa Imanishi, and the HSC-DOGs team

Yoshiki TOBA (鳥羽儀樹) (Ehime Univ. => ASIAA )

Toba et al. 2015, PASJ, 67, 86

Toba et al. 2016b, in prep.

銀河進化研究会2016 2016.06.02

HSC-SSP view of Dust Obscured Galaxies

IR Luminosity Function

IR Luminosity Density

Auto Correlation Function

Toba+15

Toba+16b in prep.

Introduction

What are Dust Obscured Galaxies (DOGs)?

Dogs are obscured by blanket..

犬

狗

dog3

hund

cane

σκυλί

perrohond

собака

cãochien

Dust Obscured GalaxiesIntroductionStatistical properties of IR-bright DOGs

R - [24] ≥ 7.5 (AB mag)

~ ULIRGs

• An optically faint but IR bright objects.

• Most DOGs are u l t ra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs: LIR ≥ 1012 Lsun).

flux (24 µm) [mJy]1 100.1

8

654

7

9

R -

[24

] (A

B m

ag)

Calanog+13

DOGs criterion

z = 1.99 ± 0.45

Dey+08

z ~ 2

• Confirmed from follow-up observations (NIR and MIR spectroscopy).

4

Bump DOGs

PL DOGs

Two types of DOGs

Introduction

Power-Law (PL) DOGs

• They show a rising power-law SED, which indicates an AGN activity.

AGN-dominated DOGs

Bump DOGs

• They show a rest-frame 1.6 µm “bump” in their SEDs.

• They also show strong PAH emission.,which indicates a SF activity.

SF-dominated DOGs

Dey+085

Statistical properties of IR-bright DOGs

IR bright DOGs PL DOGs

Introduction

6

≃

Dey+08

flux (24 µm) [mJy]0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0P

L D

OG

s fr

acti

on

[%]

80

60

40

20

0

100IR-bright DOGs

100

10

1.0 0.60.8flux (24 µm) [mJy]

0.4

Num

ber

/deg

2

Dey+08

• The fraction of PL DOGs (i.e., AGN-dominated DOGs) increases with increasing MIR flux.

• IR-bright DOGs are expected to be AGN dominated DOGs.

• The number densities of DOGs decreases with increasing MIR flux., which means IR-bright DOGs are very low.

• It requires a large area survey.


What are the DOGs?

Introduction

7

Bump DOGs・ PL DOGs

IR bright DOGs PL DOGs AGN-dominated DOGs

IR-bright, optically faint obj. z~2

≃≃


Importance of DOGs

Introduction

8


Importance of DOGs

Introduction

8

Bump DOGs PL DOGs


Narayanan+10

Importance of DOGs

Introduction

9

24/R = 260 24/R = 177 24/R = 845 24/R = 1016 24/R = 115

② ③ ④ ⑤①

① ⑤0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

Time (Gyr)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

24

/R F

lux

Rati

o a

t z=

2

MDM

=6x1012

M 1:1 Merger

Bump Source

Submm Flux

Peak SFR

Peak BH Accretion

24/R

flux

rat

io a

t z=

2

Time [Gyr]

←Peak BH accretion

←PLDOGs phase

③④②

Growing-up phase!?


←PLDOGs phase


Narayanan+10

Importance of DOGs

Introduction

9

24/R = 260 24/R = 177 24/R = 845 24/R = 1016 24/R = 115

② ③ ④ ⑤①

① ⑤0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

Time (Gyr)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

24

/R F

lux

Rati

o a

t z=

2

MDM

=6x1012

M 1:1 Merger

Bump Source

Submm Flux

Peak SFR

Peak BH Accretion

24/R

flux

rat

io a

t z=

2

Time [Gyr]


←PLDOGs phase

③④②

Growing-up phase!?


←PLDOGs phase

IR-bright DOGs could constitute a key population for understanding the co-evolution of

galaxies and SMBHs.


Purpose of this study

Introduction

10

(2) Investigating their photometric and statistical properties


(1) Search for IR-bright DOGs based on the HSC with VIKING and WISE

Purpose of this study

Introduction

10

HSC+WISE(Final status)

COSMOS

SWIRE (XMM/Chandra)

NDWFS

CDF/E-CDFS/EGS

E-CDFS

GOODS-N

GOODS-S

This study (Toba+15)


Toba+15 Toba+16

Data and Analysis

How do we discover IR bright DOGs?

11

HSC, VIKING, and WISE

Data and Analysis

12

bandlimiting mag (5σ、2″）

Total number of objects

HSC S14A_0

i ~2616,392,815

HSC S14A_0 y ~24

16,392,815

VIKING DR1

Z 23.1

14,773,385VIKING

DR1

Y 22.3

14,773,385VIKING

DR1 J 22.1 14,773,385VIKING

DR1H 21.5

14,773,385VIKING

DR1

Ks 21.2

14,773,385

ALLWISE

3.4 19.6

747,634,026ALLWISE4.6 19.3

747,634,026ALLWISE12 16.4

747,634,026ALLWISE

22 14.5

747,634,026D

ec

RA

14h40 14h30 14h20 14h10

4

2

0

-2

VIKING DR1

HSC S14A_0

GAMA 14hr field (~10 deg2)

※ AB mag

We used those bands to search for IR-bright DOGs


R.A.

Dec

l.

Sample Selection

Data and Analysis

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13


Sample Selection

Data and Analysis

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13


30″

30″multiple counterpart

WISEHSC

A search radius

Sample Selection

Data and Analysis

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7+$G'7+$G#'.%I*+'A$-9%#9J$+#*7+$G'&!"-*+'7+(I'7+$G#9%#9J$+#*7+$G'&*B,)"%-'#-##'7+$G#9%#9J$+#*



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Sample Selection

Data and Analysis

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Create the clean subsample①

Clean HSCi-selected catalog

Clean VIKINGKs-selected catalog

Clean WISE22 µm-selected

catalog

13


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catalog

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catalog

②

③HSC-VIKING sample (×0.0005)

DOGs sample (Bussmann et al. 2012)HSC-VIKING sample (×0.0005)

1.2

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②

③

⑤

④


catalog

HSC-WISE DOGs (48)HSC-WISE non-DOGs (159)

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②

③

⑤

④


catalog

HSC-WISE DOGs (48)HSC-WISE non-DOGs (159)

48 IR-bright DOGs were selected

Type Classification (PL /Bump)

Data and Analysis

K-band excess EKs

Ks-band excess

EKs > 3: Bump DOGs

EKs < 3: PL DOGs

16


Results and Discussions

Photometric and Statistical properties of IR-bright DOGs

17

• Spectral Energy Distributions • IR Luminosity Function • IR Luminosity Density

SEDs for PL and Bump DOGs


18

individualaverage

individualaverage

PL DOGs (31) Bump DOGs (17)PL (31) Bump (17)


SEDs for PL and Bump DOGs


About 65% of our DOGs sample were classified as PL DOGs

18

individualaverage

individualaverage

PL DOGs (31) Bump DOGs (17)PL (31) Bump (17)

35%65%

PL DOGs Bump DOGs


Total IR luminosity function

19


Assuming that the redshift distribution for our DOG sample is Gaussian (z= 1.99 ± 0.45; Dey et al. 2008)


z = 1.99 ± 0.45

Dey+08


19




Melbourne+12

LIR/νLν (24µm) = 6.5 ± 1.4


19




Calanog et al. 2013

This work (18 IR luminous DOGs)

Newly constrained by our study


19




Calanog et al. 2013

This work (18 IR luminous DOGs)


The shape of LF can be fitted well by double-power law.

Total IR luminosity density ρIR

20

Results and DiscussionsStatistical properties of IR-bright DOGs

Murphy et al. 2011 (M11)This work (DOGs)This work (IR-bright DOGs)

AGNs (M11)ULIRGs (M11)

Dey et al. 2008


Total IR luminosity density ρIR

20

Results and DiscussionsStatistical properties of IR-bright DOGs

Murphy et al. 2011 (M11)This work (DOGs)This work (IR-bright DOGs)

AGNs (M11)ULIRGs (M11)

Dey et al. 2008


The contribution of ρIR (IR-bright DOGs) to that of other populations;

ρIR (ULIRGs @z~2): > 9%ρIR (All DOGs @ z~2): > 15%

Current Status of DOGs search

21

Clustering properties of IR-bright DOGs discovered by HSC S15B and ALLWISE

Search for IR-bright DOGs based on latest dataset

Toba, Nagao, Kajisawa et al. in prep.

Field Selection -5/7 fields~

Current Status of studies on DOGs

22

Clustering properties of IR-brightDOGs

XMM

WIDE-12

VVDS

GAMA09GAMA15

Random pointsDOGs 1411 IR-bright DOGs were selected

Spatial Distribution of DOGs

23

Clustering properties of IR-brightDOGs Current Status of studies on DOGs

GAMA09 GAMA15

XMM-LSSWIDE12

Strong

Weak

Clu

ster

ing

Str

eng

th

Brodwin+08SMGs (Blain+04)QSOs at 2.0 < z < 2.5 (Shen+09)

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Auto Correlation Function of DOGs

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β = 0.9 (Brodwin+08)

ACF: ω(θ) = Aω θ-β


Aω = 11.3 ± 3.72


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GAMA09 GAMA15

XMM-LSSWIDE12

Strong

Weak

Clu

ster

ing

Str

eng

th


Newly constrained by our studyThis work


25


GAMA09 GAMA15

XMM-LSSWIDE12

Strong

Weak

Clu

ster

ing

Str

eng

th


Newly constrained by our studyThis work

IR-bright DOGs could be clustered strongly

Summary

Summary

1. We newly discovered 48 DOGs based on the HSC, VIKING, and WISE data.

2. Assuming that the redshift distribution for our DOGs sample (z = 1.99 ± 0.45), we derived the space density of them. The IR LF including data obtained from the literature is fitted well by a double-power law.

3. We also derived lower limit of IR LD for our sample, and its contributions to the ρIR (ULURGs) and ρIR (All DOGs) are >9%, and >15%, respectively

4. The clustering analysis of 1,411 DOGs discovered by latest dataset could indicates that they are strongly clustered.

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銀河進化研究会2016

I ♥ DOGs

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hsc-ssp view of dust obscured...

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