idm2004 – edinburgh, 10-sep-04 laboratori nazionali del ... · n. ferrari idm2004 – edinburgh,...
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IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04
Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS)Sasso (LNGS)
and ILIASand ILIAS
Nicola FerrariLaboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
IDM2004Edinburgh, 10 September 2004
N. Ferrari IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04
SummarySummary
The Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS)The Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS)The infrastructureThe infrastructureThe scientific programThe scientific program
ILIAS ILIAS (Integrated Large Infrastructures for Astroparticle Physics)(Integrated Large Infrastructures for Astroparticle Physics)
The ILIAS initiativeThe ILIAS initiativeILIAS and the EU Deep Underground labsILIAS and the EU Deep Underground labs
N. Ferrari IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04
Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
Depth: 1400 m (3800 mwe)Location: Gran Sasso Tunnel (Abruzzi, Italy)
Operating Institution: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)
LNGS
Scientists involved in LNGS experiments: 700 from 24 countriesLNGS permanent staff: 60 (physicists, technicians, administration)
Corno Grande (m. 2910)
Campo Imperatore
(m. 2000)
Monte Aquila (m. 2600)
Underground lab
The area of Campo Imperatoreabove LNGS
The LNGS Underground areaCERN ν beam
Hall C
Hall B
Hall A
Underground area : 3 halls (100m x 20m x 15m) + service tunnelsTotal volume : 180000 m3
Teramo
Surface: > 6000 m2
Highwaytunnel
L’Aqu
ila
Outside facilities:- offices- mechanical workshop- chemical lab- electronic workshop- computing center- library- canteen- conference rooms- assembly halls- administration department
N. Ferrari IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04
LNGS: the scientific program
Research Completed Running Under R&Dtopic construction
NeutrinosNeutrinossolar Gno/Gallex Borexinoatmospheric MACROsupernova LVDlong baseline Opera, Icarus
ββ ββ decaydecay HD-Moscow GeMibeta Cuoricino CUOREDBGS
Dark MatterDark Matter DAMA/NaI DAMA/Libra CUOREHDMS WarpCRESST Genius
Nuclear astroph.Nuclear astroph. LUNA
GeophysicsGeophysics GIGS Tellus UnderseisErmes
IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04Solar neutrinosN. Ferrari
GALLEX/GNOdetector: 30 t Gallium chloride solutionmain goal: detection of solar n with
E>230 keV ( 71Ge(νe,e)71Ge)technique: extraction of 71Ge atomsstatus: data taking 1991-2003results: detection of pp ν
evidence for ν oscillationsmonitoring of ν flux over one solar cycle the results from 11 years of data taking
by Gallex/Gno
BOREXINOdetector: 300 t ultrapure liquid scintillator
+1000 t buffer surrounded by 2200 pmtsmain goal: study of the 7Be solar νother goals: detection of supernova ν,
terrestrial ν, ν magnetic momenttechnique: detection of light produced by
electrons scattered by solar νstatus: after a partial stop of the activities
due to an accident in August 2002 the detector is now ready for filling
IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04
Atmospheric and supernova neutrinos
MACROMACROdetector: streamer tubes and liquid scintillatormain goal: detection of magnetic monopoles
detection of atmospheric νtechnique: reconstruction of the tracks of charged particlesstatus: Data taking 1991-2001. Dismanteled 2002results: Evidence for atmospheric ν oscillations
Limits on magnetic monopole parametersMeasurement of µ energy spectrum and angular
distribution
LVDLVDdetector: 1000 t of liquid scintillator in 840 countersmain goal: detection of supernova ν and νtechnique: detection of light from:
νe (p,e+) n (E>1.8 MeV)νe (12C,12N) e- (E>17.3 MeV)νe (12C,12B) e+ (E>14.4 MeV)νx (12C,12C*) νx (E>15.1 MeV)
status: data taking since 1992. Final upgrade in 2001monitoring SN ν. Part of the SNEWS network withSNO and Superkamiokande
IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04ββ decay
ββ ββ HeidelbergHeidelberg--MoscowMoscowdetector: 11 Kg of enriched 76Ge crystals in the form of HP Ge detectorsgoal: detection of 0ν−ββ decay of 76Getechnique: detection of electrons emitted in the ββ decay of inside the HP-Ge crystalsstatus: Data taking 1993-2003.results: Evidence for ββ decay of 76Ge
T1/2 = (0.69-4.18) 1025 y<mν> = (0.1 – 0.9) eV
CuoricinoCuoricinodetector: 40.7 kg of TeO2 crystals in the form of 62 crystalsmain goal: detection of 0ν−ββ decay of 130Tetechnique: detection of electrons emitted in the ββ decay of 130Te inside TeO2 crystals operated as thermal detectorsstatus: Data taking since 2003.
Expected sensitivity: 6 1024 y in 3 years data taking (0.3 eV)
CuoreCuoredetector: 40.7 kg of TeO2 crystals in the form of 62 crystalsstatus: R&D.
Expected sensitivity: 5 1027 y in 5 years data taking (30 meV)
The Cuoricino TeO2 array41 kg TeO2 crystals
N. Ferrari IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04Dark matter search
DAMA/NaIDAMA/NaIdetector: 100 kg of NaI crystalstechnique: detection of light produced by WIMPs elastic scattering on NaI nucleistatus: 1995-2002Results: Data from 7 annual cycles show a modulation compatible with WIMPs interactions
LIBRALIBRAdetector: 250 kg of NaI crystalsgoal: confirm DAMA/NaI evidence with improved statisticstechnique: detection of light produced by WIMPs elastic scattering on NaI nucleistatus: Data taking since 2003
N. Ferrari IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04
HDMSHDMSdetector: 2 HP-Ge detectorstechnique: detection WIMPs in the inner detector in anticoincidencestatus: Data taking since 2001Results: limits on SD and SI interactions of WIMPs
inner detector(200 g 73Ge enriched)
outer detector(2100 g)
CRESSTCRESSTdetector: Sapphire thermal detectors
CaWO4 crystals (phonons+scintillation)technique: detection WIMPs in the detector crystalsstatus: Data taking with CaWO4 crystals
IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04Nuclear astrophysics
LUNALUNAdetector: two electrostatic accelerators (50 kV and 400 kV) installed undergroundgoal: measurement of nuclear cross sections at very low energies for reactions relevant for astrophysics and nucleosynthesisstatus: Data taking since 1996. Presently measuring the 14N(p,γ)15O reactionresults: Measurement of nuclear cross sections at solar energies for the reactions:3He(3He,2p)4He (pp chain inside stars)d(p,γ) 3He (pp chain inside stars, reactions in proto-stars)
14N(p,γ)15O (slowest reaction of CNO cycle inside stars)study of electron screeningplans: 3He(α,n)7Be (production of 7Be inside the Sun)
N. Ferrari IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04
The ICARUS T600 detector600 t liquid Ar TPC
OPERAOPERAdetector: 1.8 kton of Pb sheets and nuclear emulsions in the formof 230000 emulsion cloud chambers + 2 spectrometers (RPC and scintillating fibers)goal: detection of ντ appearence from the νµ beam from CERNtechnique: identification of the tracks from decay of the τ emitted by the ντ interactionstatus: under construction; spectrometers completeddetector should be completed in 2006, ready for the ν beam from CERN
The CNGS project
ICARUSICARUSdetector: 600 t and later 3000 tons of liquid Ar operated as a large time projection chambergoal: detection of ντ appearence from the νµ beam from CERNdetection of solar neutrinostechnique: kinematic identification of the decay of the τ emitted by the ντ interactionstatus: 600 t detector tested and ready to be installed at LNGSInstallation of 3000 t requires major works at the undergroundinfrastructure
ILIASILIAS : Integrated Large Infrastructures for Astroparticle Science
ILIAS is an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative (IA) proposed for funding by European Union within the 6th Framework Programme. It is based on the cooperation
of many EU institutions operating in the sector of Astroparticle physics
IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04
France : Commissariat a l’Energie Atomique, Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueItaly: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie Trento,
European Gravitational ObservatoryGermany: Max Planck Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität München,
Max Planck Institut für Physik Muenchen, Eberhardt Karls Universität TubingenSpain: Zaragoza UniversityUK: Universities of Sheffield, Glasgow, and LondonCzech Rep.:Czech Technical Univ. in PragueDenmark: University of Southern Denmark Netherland: Leiden UniversityFinland: University of Jyväskylä Slovakia: Comenius University BratislaviaGreece: Aristot University of Thessaloniki
ILIAS is born with the coordination of APPEC (AstroParticle Physics European Coordination)
The ILIAS project is based on three groups of activities: Networking, Transnational Access, and R&D
IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04
Networking activities1. Deep Underground science laboratories2. Direct dark matter detection3. Search on double beta decay4. Gravitational wave research5. Theoretical astroparticle physics
1. Transnational access to the EU Deep Underground Laboratories
R&D projects1. Low background techniques for Deep Underground Science2. Double beta decay european observatory3. Study of thermal noise reduction in gravitational wave detectors
The EU Deep Underground Labs
Laboratori Nazionali delGran Sasso, Italy
LNGS
Laboratoire Souterrainde Modane, France
LSM
Laboratorio Subterraneode Canfranc, Spain
LSC
Institute of Underground Science, Boulby Mine, UK
IUS
IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04
IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04
The Deep Underground Lab activitieswithin ILIAS
R&D on Low background techniques for Deep Underground Science
R&D to strengthen and enlarge the low background facilities in the underground labs
Transnational Access to the Deep Underground Laboratories
Support for the access of research teams to the underground labs (travels, subsistence, technical support), specially in support of less favoured countries
Network of the EU Deep Underground LaboratoriesNetworking of the Underground Labs for:
- service and facilities improvement, and extention of the underground sites- Safety problems and accident prevention- Communication, outreach, and scientific coordination
IDM2004 – Edinburgh, 10-sep-04
Deep Underground labs in Europe are major infrastructures where important experiments on fundamental rare-event and astroparticle physics are underway :- dark matter searches- double beta decay- neutrino physics and astrophysics- nuclear astrophysics
ILIAS gives the opportunity to start an effective collaboration amongthe labs and with the astroparticle physics community based on
networkingcoordinated transnational access to the 4 infrastructuresjoint R&D on low background techniques