iefs.md_economie si sociologie nr 4 2013 ince — Копия

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ECONOMIEI SOCIOLOGIE / ECONOMY AND SOCIOLOGY 1

Nr. 4 / 2013

ECONOMIEiSOCIOLOGIEREVIST

Ministerul Economieial Republicii Moldova

Academia de tiinea Moldovei

revist teoretico-tiinific, fondat n anul 1953

Nr. 4 / 2013

ISSN: 1857-4130

Revista este indexat n DOAJ.

Chiinu, 2013
http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=openurl&genre=journal&issn=20666071http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=openurl&genre=journal&issn=20666071


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Revist teoretico-tiinific/ Theoretical and scientifical journal2

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COLEGIUL DE REDACIE:

Redactor-ef:Gheorghe ILIADI, doctor habilitat, profesor, Republica MoldovaRedactor-ef adjunct, compartimentul Economie:Vadim MACARI, doctor, confereniar cercettor, Republica MoldovaRedactor-ef adjunct, compartimentul Sociologie:

Andrei TIMU, membru corespondent, Republica Moldova

Membrii:Gheorghe MICOI,membru corespondent, Republica MoldovaDavid SMALLBONE, doctor, profesor, Maria BritanieMichael GRINGS, doctor, profesor, GermaniaLuminia CHIVU, doctor, profesor, RomniaAlexandr NECHIPELOV, academician, RusiaVasa LASZLO, doctor, confereniar, UngariaFelix ZINOVIEV, academician, profesor, UcrainaJamila BOPIEVA, doctor habilitat, profesor, KazahstanVilayat VALIYEV, doctor, AzerbaijanKarl William, VIEHE,B.A., M.A., J.D., M.L.T., SUATomas KUCERA, doctor, Republica Ceh

Gemma MASAHIKO, doctor, profesor, JaponiaPapaphilippou APOSTOLOS, doctor, GreciaNina WEBER, M. Sc., AustriaDumitru MOLDOVAN, membru corespondent, Republica MoldovaElena PDUREAN,doctor, RomniaAlexandru STRATAN,doctor habilitat, Republica MoldovaGalina ULIAN, doctor habilitat, profesor, Republica MoldovaAlexandru GRIBINCEA, doctor habilitat, profesor, Republica MoldovaDmitrii PARMACLI,doctor habilitat, profesor, Republica MoldovaIon SRBU, doctor habilitat, profesor universitar, Republica MoldovaVictoria GANEA, doctor, confereniar, Republica MoldovaVictoria TROFIMOV, doctor, confereniar, Republica MoldovaTudor BAJURA, doctor habilitat, profesor, Republica MoldovaValeriu DOGA, doctor habilitat, profesor, Republica MoldovaTatiana MANOLE, doctor habilitat, profesor, Republica MoldovaOlga GAGAUZ, doctor habilitat, confereniar cercettor, Republica MoldovaLarisa AVGA, doctor habilitat, profesor universitar, Republica MoldovaVictor MOCANU, doctor, confereniar, Republica MoldovaAnatol ROJCO, doctor, confereniar, Republica MoldovaAngela TIMU,doctor, confereniar, Republica MoldovaGalina SAVELIEVA, doctor, confereniar, Republica MoldovaRadu CUHAL, doctor, confereniar, Republica Moldova

Conform deciziei Comisiei Superioare de Atestare a CNAA, revista Economie i Sociologie este inclus n Lista revistelorrecomandate pentru a fi recunoscute n calitate de publicaii tiinifice de profil i acreditat cu Categoria B.

Revista este indexat nDOAJ.

InstitutulNaional de Cercetri Economiceal AM i ME

Secia de Sociologie a Institutului Integrare European i tiine Politice al AM

Preluarea textelor editate n revista Economie i Sociologie este posibil doar cu acordul autorului. Responsabilitatea asuprafiecrui text publicat aparine autorilor. Opinia redaciei nu coincide totdeauna cu opinia autorilor.

Redactor-ef CE:Iulita BRCRedactori (limba romn): Andrian SCLIFOS, Victoria BORDOS

Redactori (limba englez): EugeniaLUCAENCO, Svetlana DODONDesigner copert: Alexandru SANDULESCURedactare bibliografic:Nina DALINITCHI,

Diana PELEPCIUC, Angelina CATANA

Adresa redaciei:Complexul Editorial, INCE, MD-2064,

or. Chiinu, str. Ion Creang, 45. tel.:50-11-30, fax:74-37-94web:www.ince.md/complexul-editorial/;e-mail:[email protected]
http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=openurl&genre=journal&issn=20666071http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=openurl&genre=journal&issn=20666071http://www.ince.md/complexul-editorial/http://www.ince.md/complexul-editorial/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.ince.md/complexul-editorial/http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=openurl&genre=journal&issn=20666071


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ECONOMYandSOCIOLOGYREVIST

Academy of Sciencesof Moldova

Ministry of Economyof the Republic of Moldova

theoretical and scientifical journal, founded in 1953

Chisinau, 2013

No. 4 / 2013

ISSN: 1857-4130

The journal is indexed in DOAJ.
http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=openurl&genre=journal&issn=20666071http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=openurl&genre=journal&issn=20666071


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EDITORIAL BOARD:

Editor-in-chief:Gheorghe ILIADI, PhD, Professor, Republic of MoldovaEditor-in-chief of Economics department:VadimMACARI, PhD, Associate Professor, Republic of MoldovaEditor-in-chief of Sociology department:

Andrei TIMU, Associate Member, Republic of Moldova

Members:Gheorghe MICOI,Associate Member, Republic of MoldovaDavid SMALLBONE, PhD, Professor, Great BritainMichael GRINGS, PhD, Professor, GermanyLuminita CHIVU, PhD, Professor, RomaniaAlexandr NECHIPELOV, Academician, RussiaVasa LASZLO, PhD, HungaryFelix ZINOVIEV,Academician, Professor, UkraineJamila BOPIEVA, PhD, KazakhstanVilayat VALIYEV, PhD, AzerbaijanKarl William, VIEHE,B.A., M.A., J.D., M.L.T., USATomas KUCERA, PhD, Czech Republic

Gemma MASAHIKO, PhD, Professor, JapanPapaphilippou APOSTOLOS, PhD, GreeceNina WEBER, M. Sc., AustriaDumitru MOLDOVAN, Associate Member, Republic of MoldovaElena PADUREAN,PhD, CCEE, Romanian Academy, RomaniaAlexandru STRATAN, PhD, Professor, Republic of MoldovaGalina ULIAN, PhD, Professor, Republic of MoldovaAlexandru GRIBINCEA, PhD, Professor, Republic of MoldovaDmitrii PARMACLI,PhD, Professor, Republic of MoldovaIon SRBU, PhD, Professor, Republic of MoldovaVictoria GANEA, PhD, Associate Professor, Republic of MoldovaVictoria TROFIMOV, PhD, Associate Professor, Republic of MoldovaTudor BAJURA, PhD, Professor, Republic of MoldovaValeriu DOGA, PhD, Professor, Republic of MoldovaTatiana MANOLE, PhD, Professor, Republic of MoldovaOlga GAGAUZ, PhD, Associate Professor, Republic of MoldovaLarisa SAVGA, PhD, Professor, Republic of MoldovaVictor MOCANU, PhD, Associate Professor, Republic of MoldovaAnatol ROJCO, PhD, Associate Professor, Republic of MoldovaAngela TIMU,PhD, Associate Professor, Republic of MoldovaGalina SAVELIEVA, PhD, Associate Professor, Republic of MoldovaRadu CUHAL, PhD, Associate Professor, Republic of Moldova

According to the decision of the Supreme Attestation Commission of NCAA, the journal Economy and Sociology isincluded in The list of recommended journals to be recognized as scientific profile publications, and is accredited with Bcategory.

The journal is indexed inDOAJ.

National Institute of Economic Research of ASM and ME

Sociology Department of Institute of European Integration and Political Science of ASM

The taking over of the texts that are published in the journal Economy and Sociology is possible only with the authorsagreement. Responsibility for each published text belongs to the authors. Authors views are not always accorded the editorial boardsopinion.

Editor-in-chief EC:Iulita BIRCAEditors (Romanian): Andrian SCLIFOS, Victoria BORDOSEditors (English): Eugenia LUCASENCO, Svetlana DODON

Designer:Alexandru SANDULESCUBibliographic editors:Nina DALINITCHI,Diana PELEPCIUC,Angelina CATANA

Address: Editorial Complex, NIER, MD-2064,

Chisinau, 45, Ion Creanga str., tel.:50-11-30, fax:74-37-94web:www.iefs.md/complexul-editorial/; e-mail:[email protected]
http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=openurl&genre=journal&issn=20666071http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=openurl&genre=journal&issn=20666071http://www.iefs.md/complexul-editorial/http://www.iefs.md/complexul-editorial/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.iefs.md/complexul-editorial/http://www.doaj.org/doaj?func=openurl&genre=journal&issn=20666071


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CUPRINS

Grigore KALETNIK, Victoria IHANOVSKAIACONSUMUL DE PRODUSE ALIMENTARE UN INDICATOR AL STRII PIEEI ALIMENTAREINTERNE... 9

Gheorghe ILIADIARGUMENTAREA OPTIMIZRII FACTORILOR INFLAIEI CA O CONDIIE A CRETERIIECONOMICE. 16

Vitalii NIENCODEZVOLTAREA HOLDINGURILOR AGRO N SISTEMUL NTREPRINDERILOR MARI DE PRODUCIEAGRICOL N UCRAINA... 22

Galina ULIAN, Iulia CAPRIANPROBLEMA CUANTIFICRII ECONOMIEI TENEBRE: METODA RESURSELOR CONTORIZABILE... 25

Valerii BONDARENKO

ASIGURAREA INSTITUIONAL PRIVIND OPTIMIZAREA POTENIALULUI DE RESURSE DIN ARI REGIUNILE SALE... 31

Victoria GANEATRECEREA LA MODELUL INOVAIONAL DE DEZVOLTARE A ECONOMIEI NAIONALE I

NECESITATEA SPRIJINULUI FINANCIAR AL ACESTUI PROCES..................................................................... 40

Sebastian ERBNESCU, Silvestru MAXIMILIAN, Alexandru GRIBINCEA, Corina GRIBINCEASTRATEGIILE DE DEZVOLTARE ECONOMIC A RILOR INDUSTRIAL PUTERNICDEZVOLTATE 46

Larisa LIGONENCOESENA, DOMENIUL DE APLICARE I METODELE DE BAZ DE EVALUARE A VIABILITII

NTREPRINDERII. 57

Amalia GURGUIPERSPECTIVELE DEZVOLTRII TURISMULUI INTERNAIONAL.. 65

Maria GF-DEAC, Petru ROCAINTERNAIONALIZAREA I REGIONALIZAREA PRACTICILOR DE GESTIUNE CORPORATIV AFIRMELOR DIN ROMNIA. 70

Corina CAUAN,Andrei COJUHARICORELAREA DINTRE SISTEMUL DE EDUCAIE A TINERETULUI I PIAA MUNCII N REPUBLICAMOLDOVA 78

Galina ZAPATENDINELE CONSUMULUI PRODUSELOR ALIMENTARE N PROCESUL DE TRANSFORMARE ARELAIILOR DE PROPRIETATE N AGRICULTURA UCRAINEI 86

Mihail PRODANCIUKGLOBALIZAREA ECONOMIEI MONDIALE I IMPACTUL ACESTEIA ASUPRA DEZVOLTRIIEVIDENEI CONTABILE N UCRAINA.. 92

Oleg CEBOTARI, Alexandru GRIBINCEAPERSPECTIVELE DEZVOLTRII ECONOMIEI MONDIALE N PERIOADA POST-CRIZ I DE CRETEREECONOMIC.. 97

Veronica BULATDIRECII DE DEZVOLTARE PE PIAA MONDIAL A PRODUSELOR STOMATOLOGICE.. 108


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Galina GLOBA, Larisa PANTEAINTELIGENA BUSINESS N LUAREA DECIZIILOR PE PIAA MUNCII A REPUBLICII MOLDOVA.. 114

Angela DELIU, Pantelemon FRSNEANUEFICIENA ECONOMIC A NTREPRINDERII I INDICATORII EI... 120

Denis SIMOV, Natalia BURLACUPRINCIPII DE EVALUARE A EFECTULUI SOCIAL PRIVIND IMPLEMENTAREA PROIECTELOR DEINVESTIII 126

Vasile ZETIACONSIDERAII PRIVIND EVOLUIA SECTORULUI SERVICIILOR LA NIVEL INTERNAIONAL... 134

Aliona CERNOVADINAMICA PIEEI TEXTILELOR. REFERINE ANALITICE.. 143

Larisa PANTEAPARTICULARITILE MSURILOR ACTIVE DE STIMULARE A OCUPRII FOREI DE MUNC NREPUBLICA MOLDOVA. 152

Valerian SLVSTRUPRINCIPIILE SPECIFICE INVESTIIILOR STRINE N ROMNIA.. 159

Alexandra NOVACABORDRI TEORETICE PRIVIND CONINUTUL ECONOMIC AL CATEGORIEI PROPRIETATEINTELECTUAL........................................................................................................................................................ 167

Adriana PETCUELEMENTE PROBLEMATICE CU IMPACT ASUPRA ADMINISTRAIEI PUBLICE LOCALE DINROMNIA. 171

Alexandru TOMA

POLITICA DE MEDIU N ROMNIA: COMPONENT A DEZVOLTRII DURABILEDE ANSAMBLU 177

Alina MOLDOVAN-MADANNOI OPORTUNITI PE PIAA DE FUZIUNI I ACHIZIII PENTRU ANUL 2014... 182

Iurie SPIVACENCOMODELUL DECIZIONAL PRIVIND GESTIUNEA FLUXURILOR DE MIJLOACE BNETI NNTREPRINDERILE INDUSTRIEI ALIMENTARE DIN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA.. 187

CERINE DE PREZENTARE A ARTICOLELOR TIINIFICE SPRE PUBLICARE N REVISTAECONOMIE I SOCIOLOGIE. 192


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CONTENTS

Grigore KALETNIK, Victoria TIHANOVSKAIAFOOD CONSUMPTION AS AN INDICATOR OF THE STATE OF THE DOMESTIC FOOD MARKET. 9

Gheorghe ILIADIARGUMENTS FOR OPTIMIZATION OF INFLATION FACTORS AS A CONDITION OF ECONOMICGROWTH.. 16

Vitalii NITSENCODEVELOPMENT OF THE LARGE-SCALE AGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS IN THE SYSTEM OFAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE. 22

Galina ULIAN, Iulia CAPRIANTHE PROBLEM OF QUANTIFYING THE UNDERGROUND ECONOMY: APPLYING THE METHOD OFMETERED RESOURCES 25

Valerii BONDARENKO

NSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT IN OPTIMIZATION RESOURCE POTENTIAL AND ITS REGION... 31

Victoria GANEATRANSITION TO THE INNOVATIVE MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY ANDTHE NEED FOR FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF THIS PROCESS.. 40

Sebastian SERBANESCU, Silvestru MAXIMILIAN, Alexandru GRIBINCEA, Corina GRIBINCEAECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES OF THE HIGHLY DEVELOPED INDUSTRIALCOUNTRIES 46

Larisa LIGONENCOA COMPANYS VIABILITY: ESSENCE, SPHERE OF APPLICATION AND METHODOLOGIAL BASESFOR ESTIMATION... 57

Amalia GURGUITHE DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISM 65

Maria GAF-DEAC, Petru ROCAINTERNATIONALIZATION AND REGIONALIZATION OF CORPORATE MANAGEMENT PRACTICESOF COMPANIES IN ROMANIA.. 70

Corina CAUSAN, Andrei COJUHARICORRELATION BETWEEN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM AND THE LOBOR MARKET IN THE REPUBLICOF MOLDOVA.. 78

Galina ZAPSHA

THE TRENDS OF FOOD CONSUMPTION IN THE PROCESS OF PROPERTY RELATIONSTRANSFORMATION IN UKRAINES AGRICULTURE... 86

Mihail PRODANCIUKTHE GLOBALIZATION OF THE WORLD ECONOMY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OFACCOUNTING REPORTS IN UKRAINE... 92

Oleg CEBOTARI, Alexandru GRIBINCEAWORLD ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES IN THE POST-CRISIS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH PERIODS... 97

Veronica BULATDEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL DENTAL MARKET.. 108

Galina GLOBA, Larisa PANTEABUSINESS INTELLIGENCE IN DECISION MAKING ON THE LABOR MARKET OF THE REPUBLIC OFMOLDOVA 114


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Angela DELIU, Pantelemon FRASINEANUTHE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE COMPANY AND ITS INDICATORS 120

Denis SIMOV, Natalia BURLACUPRINCIPLES OF ASSESSING THE SOCIAL EFFECTS BY IMPLEMENTING INVESTMENT PROJECTS....... 126

Vasile ZETIACONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE SERVICES SECTOR.. 134

Aliona CERNOVATHE DYNAMICS OF THE TEXTILE MARKET. ANALYTICAL REFERENCES 143

Larisa PANTEAFEATURES OF ACTIVE MEASURES OF LABOUR MARKET SUPPORT IN THE REPUBLIC OFMOLDOVA................................................................................................................................................ 152

Valerian SALAVASTRUSPECIFIC PRINCIPLES OF FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN ROMANIA. 159

Alexandra NOVACTHEORETICAL APPROACHES ON THE ECONOMIC CONTENT OF THE CATEGORY "INTELLECTUALPROPERTY". 167

Adriana PETCUPROBLEMATIC ELEMENTS WITH IMPACT ON THE LOCAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION INROMANIA. 171

Alexandru TOMAENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IN ROMANIA: A COMPONENT OF THE OVERALL SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT...... 177

Alina MOLDOVAN-MADAN

NEW OPPORTUNITIES ON THE MARKET OF MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS FOR 2014 182

Iurie SPIVACENCODECISION MODEL FOR MANAGING CASH FLOWS OF FOOD INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES IN THEREPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA.. 187

REQUIREMENTS FOR PREZENTATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES FOR PUBLICATION INECONOMY AND SOCIOLOGY 192


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CONSUMUL DE PRODUSE ALIMENTARE UN INDICATOR AL STRIIPIEEI

ALIMENTARE INTERNE

FOOD CONSUMPTION AS AN INDICATOROF THE STATE OF THE DOMESTIC

FOOD MARKET

Grigore KALETNIK, dr. hab., prof. univ.,membru titular (academician) al Academiei

Naionale detiine Agrare, UcrainaVictoria IHANOVSKAIA, dr.,conf. univ., Ucraina

Grigore KALETNIK, PhD, Professor,full member (Academician) of the National

Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine,Victoria TIHANOVSKAIA, PhD, AssociateProfessor, Ukraine

n articol este analizat problemaconsumului produseloralimentare ca unul dintre indicatorii siguranei alimentare a

rii. O atenie deosebit se acord cercetrii echilibruluiregimului alimentar pentru ceteanul ordinar al Ucrainei. Deasemenea, sunt propuse modaliti privind sporirea nivelului

puterii de cumprarea populaiei rii.Cuvinte cheie: consum, siguran alimentar, putere de

cumprare, echilibru.

The problem of food consumption as an indicatorof food safety of the state is considered in the article.Special attention is paid to the study of the balanceddiet of the average citizen of Ukraine. Ways toraise purchasing power of the population areoffered.

Key words: consumption, food safety, purchasingpower, balance.

CZU: 351: 338.439.02 (447)JEL Classification: D90, Q18, Q19

Introducere. Dreptul omului la un regim alimentarcomplet echilibrat constituie una dintre principalele prioritiale politicii mondiale, proclamat de ONU pentru fiecare ar.Problema, naintat de ONU, are o legtur direct i cuUcraina, n cazul n care, ca urmare a reformei ritmice agospodriilor agricole n corelaie cu liberalizarea preurilor,s-a nrutit problema produciei i consumului de alimente

pe cap de locuitor, a calitii i siguranei acestuia.Actualmente, partea organic a problemei securitii

alimentare, mpreun cu creterea indicatorilor cantitativi ai

componentei, o reprezint calitatea i sigurana produseloralimentare consumate. Ucraina, fr un regim alimentarcalitativ, echilibrat privind proteinele, glucidele, grsimile, aaminoacizilor eseniali i vitamine, nu va soluiona

problema creterii speranei de via. Asigurarea siguraneialimentare i siguranei produselor alimentare poart uncaracter sistemic, ce include producerea produciei agricole

propriu-zise, recoltarea, prelucrarea, depozitarea, vnzarea,precum i rezolvarea accesului fizic i economic la produselealimentare.

Revizuirea de publicaii recente. Importana securitiialimentare, ca o politic agroalimentar prioritar, estemenionat n numeroase studii teoretice i sinteze ale

cercettorilor autohtoni, n special lucrrile savanilor:V. Andriiciuk, A.Babenko, V. Bogaciov, V. Bogdanovici,O. Bujin, O. Goiciuk, V. Iliaenko, O. Kocetkov,Yu. Lebedinski, O. Lebedinski, I. Lukinov, B. Mirkin,O. Onicenko, B. Pashaver, O. Plehanov, P. Sabluk,S. Savcenko, N. Skidan, V. Supersona, V. Tkacenko,V. erban, V. Yurciin etc. Printre savanii din strintate vomevidenia pe urmtorii: V. Agaev, P. Abalkin, I. Bogdanov,Z. Iliin, A. Kalinin, B. Kumahov, U. Kioster etc. Cu toateacestea, studiile privind problema securitii alimentare, din

punctul de vedere al poziiilor sistemice ale administrriipublice de asigurare la nivelul corespunztor n condiiileeconomice actuale, nu pot fi considerate finisate.

Scopul acestui articol const n desfurarea evaluriinivelului de consum al produselor alimentare, ca un indicator

Introduction. Human right to a completebalanced diet is one of the top priorities of the worldpolicy declared by the United Nations for eachcountry. The problem proclaimed by the UN is directlyrelated to Ukraine where due to rapid agriculturalreforms combined with the liberalization of prices the

problem of production and consumption of food percapita, its quality and safety has become morecomplicated.

Nowadays the quality and safety of food

consumed is essentially an integral part of the problem offood safety, along with the growth of quantitativeindicators. Without high quality diets balanced in

protein, carbohydrates, fats, essential amino acids andvitamins, Ukraine will not solve the problem ofincreasing life expectancy. Ensuring food safety is asystemic problem which includes agricultural

production, harvesting, processing, storage, sale, andsolving problems of physical and economic access tofood products.

Review of recent publications. The importance of theproblems of food safety as a priority of agricultural policy isemphasized by numerous theoretical studies of both

domestic scientists, particularly researches ofV.R. Andriychuk, A.A. Babenko, V.I.Bohachov,V.Y. Bohdanovych, O.V.Buzhyn, O.I.Hoychuk,V.A. Ilyashenko, O.V. Kochetkov, Y.P. Lebedynsky,O.Y. Lebedynska, I.I. Lukinov, B.M. Mirkin,O.P. Onyschenko, B.Y. Paskhaver, O.D. Plekhanov,P.T. Sabluk, S.V. Savchenko, N.A. Skidan, V.I. Superson,V.H. Tkachenko, V.P. Scherban, V. V. Yurchyshyn et al.,and foreign scientists such as V. Ahayev, P. Abalkin,I. Bohdanov, Z. Ilyina, A. Kalinin, B. Kumahov, U. Kyosteret al. However, the issues of food safety from the system

position of state management, provision of its adequatelevel in the current economic conditions has not been

studied completely.The purpose of the article is to evaluate the level of


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de securitate alimentar i oferirea modalitilor de sporire aputerii de cumprare a populaiei.

Metode de cercetare.Pentru a atinge scop propus, au fostaplicate metode tiinifice teoretice i empirice, precum:comparaia, sinteza, abordarea sistemic, utiliznd metodelede analiz comparativ, analiza ierarhiilor i adoptarea

deciziilor.Coninutul de baz. Este cunoscut faptul, c indicatoriiconsumului final de alimente formeaz grupul principal deindicatori, ce caracterizeaz nivelul de trai al consumatorilorrii. Cele menionate permit a determina, c influenadirect asupra volumului de consum o are starea i tendinelede dezvoltare a pieei de consum: volumul cifrei de afaceri,

preul de vnzare cu amnuntul. Drept dovad n acestsens este concluzia experilor Organizaiei Mondiale aSntii, care consider c starea de sntate a 50% depindede stilul de via al individului, iar factorul major estenutrimentul [1, p. 117].

A fost constatat, c n ultimul deceniu s-a redus drastic

consumul de energie a populaiei n majoritatea rilor liderdin lume, din aceste considerente necesitatea de consum deenergie s-a redus pn la nivelul minimal. Astfel, experiicred, c, n prezent, costurile de energie pentru o persoantrebuie s constituie 230-2400 de calorii pe zi. n acelai timp,alimentaia complet trebuie s conin n componena sa nudoar valoarea energetic, ci i aspectul calitativ al acesteia.Principala component a produselor alimentare este proteina,care se recomand a se utiliza ntr-un anumit raport cu altecomponente ale produselor alimentare. Cel mai valoros icomplet este consumul de proteine ntr-un raport de: 55% de

proteine animaliere (carne, lapte, pete i ou) i 45% deproteine vegetale (cerealiere, de boabe).

Potrivit indicatorului de corelaie dintre consumul deproteine de origine animalier i vegetal de ctre populaiaunei ri, putem concluziona despre nivelul de trai al

populaiei acestei ri. La sfritul anilor '90, alimentaiecomplet au primit 35% din populaia lumii. Aproximativ15% au consumat o cantitate suficient de calorii, dar

prezentau un deficit de proteine, 20% au avut un deficit deproteine animaliere, iar 30% triau n lipsa cantitativ icalitativ a produselor alimentare [2, p. 57].

Conform datelor statistice, volumul consumat de carne, aproduselor din carne, lapte, a produselor lactate i fructe,pentru un locuitor din Ucraina, n anul 2011, a constituit,respectiv, 62, 54 i 58%, comparativ cu normele raionale de

consum.Consumul de pine i a produselor de panificaie a sczut

cu 11%. Cu toate acestea, trebuie remarcat faptul, c potrivitacestor tipuri de produse alimentare, cum ar fi: legumele i

pepenii, produsele de panificaie, cartofii, untul, zahrul,oule, n anul 2011, nivelul de consum a depit normeleraionale. Standardele minime de consum nu au fost atinsedoar n ceea ce privete indicatorul de consum de lapte, fructei fructe de pdure.

Din anul 2006, n Ucraina, datorit produselor alimentaremai ieftine de origine vegetal, consumul de calorii a atinsnivelul normelor raionale (Tabelul 1).

food consumption as an indicator of food safety andsuggest ways to increase the level of purchasing powerof citizens.

Methods. To achieve this goal theoretical andempirical methods of scientific knowledge as asystematic approach using the techniques of comparative

analysis, comparison, synthesis, analysis of hierarchyand decision-making are applied.Statement of the basic material.It is known that the

rate of final food consumption forms the core group ofindicators characterizing the quality of life of domesticconsumers. The above mentioned allows us to determinethat direct impact on the consumption tends to developthe consumer market, in particular volume oftrade turnover, retail prices. It is proved by the reportof experts of the World Health Organization, accordingto which health is 50% dependent on the personsindividual life style, and food is its major factor[1, p. 117].

It has been found that in the last decade energyconsumption of people has dramatically reducedin most leading countries of the world, so the need forenergy consumption has reduced to their minimum level.Thus, experts believe that energy consumption per

person should be 230-2400 calories per day. However,good nutrition should be not only a part of the energyvalue, but its qualitative aspect as well. The maincomponent of a meal is protein that is recommended to

be consumed in a certain proportion with othercomponents of food. The following ratio of proteinconsumption is considered to be the most valuable: 55%of animal protein (meat, milk, fish and eggs) and 45% of

vegetable protein (corn, beans).The ratio of consumption of animal andvegetable protein is an indicator of the living standard ofthe citizens of the country. In the late 90's 35%of the planet population had full value nutrition. About15% of the population consumed enough calories,

but they had protein deficiency; 20% of people had adeficit of animal protein, and the remaining 30% livedin conditions of quantitative and qualitative lack offood [2, P. 57].

According to statistic data, the amount of meat, meatproducts, milk, dairy products and vegetablesconsumed per inhabitant of Ukraine in 2011 was 62, 54,

58% respectively compared to the rational rates ofconsumption.

Consumption of bread and grain products decreasedby 11%. However, it should be noted that in 2011consumption of such foodstuffs as vegetables andmelons, grain products, potatoes, oil, sugar, eggsexceeded rational rates. Only consumption of milk, fruitsand berries did not achieve minimum rates ofconsumption.

Since 2006 due to cheaper foodstuffs of plantorigin, caloric intake has reached rational rates inUkraine (Table 1).


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Tabelul 1/Table 1Nivel de consum al produselor alimentare pe cap de locuitor, kg/

Level of food consumption per capita, kg

Produsealimentare/

Foodstuffs

Normele de consum/Consumption rates

Anii / Years

Rationale/rational

Minimale/minimal

1990 2000 2008 2009 2010 2011

Produse depanificaie/ Bread

101 94 141 124,1 115 111,7 111,3 110,4

Cartofi/ Potatoes 124 96 131 134,5 132 133 128,9 139,3Legume i pepeni/Vegetables andwatermelons

161 105 103 101,0 129,2 137,1 143,5 162,8

Fructe i fructe depdure/Fruits andberries

90 68 47 29,1 43,5 45,6 48,0 52,6

Ulei vegetal/ Oil 13 8 12 9,3 15,0 15,4 14,8 13,7Zahr/Sugar 38 32 50 36,5 40,3 37,9 37,1 38,5Carne / Meat 83 52 68 32,5 50,6 49,7 52,0 51,2Lapte/ Milk 380 341 373 197,7 213,8 212,4 206,4 204,9Pete i produsedin pete /Fish and fish

products

20 12 18 8,4 17,5 15,1 14,5 13,4

Ou / Eggs 290 231 272 164 260 272 290 310Sursa/Source: Buletinul statistic "Solduri i consumul de produse alimentare de baz de ctre populaia dinUcraina"/Statistical Annual Book "Balance and Consumption of Basic Foodstuffs by the Population of Ukraine".

Analiza grupurilor de populaie cu diferite niveluri devenit pe cap de locuitor a demonstrat o scderesemnificativ a

populaiei cu venituri sub minimul de existen. n special,dacn 2002, a constituit 83,3%, atunci n 2011 acest indicatora fost de 13,7%. Ritmurile de cretere a nivelului minim deexisteneste de 2,7 ori.

Analysis of the groups of citizens having differentlevels of income per capita shows a significant decrease

in the proportion of the population having incomesbelow the subsistence minimum. In particular, if in 2002it was 83.3%, in 2011 this figure was 13.7%. The growthrate of the subsistence minimum is 2.7 times.

342 342 362,233423

472532

626701

843,17914,08

83,3 76,2 65,6 55,3 50,9 29,3 18,1 21,4 15,6 13,7

0

100

200300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Subsistence minimum, UAH

Share of population having income per capita per month below the subsistenceminimum

Fig. 1. Dinamica ponderii populaiei cu venitul mediu pe cap de locuitor pentru o lunsub nivelul de existen/

Fig. 1. Dynamics of the share of population having income per capita per month below the subsistence minimum


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Analiza consumului de alimente al populaiei urbane irurale denot faptul, c ultimii consum mai muli cartofi i

produse de panificaie, legume i zahr. Aceast situaie secreeaz deoarece majoritatea populaiei rurale se ocup decreterea cartofilor i cerealelor pe propriile parcele i terenuri

private cu scopul autoasigurrii cu produse alimentare necesare

[3, p. 7]. Indiferent de faptul c n majoritatea gospodriilorrurale sunt vaci (adesea 1-2 i mai multe), consumul de produselactate nu se deosebete semnificativ fa de nivelul de consumn mediul urban (18,6 i respectiv 19,1 kg). Acest lucru secreeaz deoarece, n absena veniturilor, populaia ruralrealizeaz o parte important a laptelui.

Pe parcursul anilor 2005-2011, nivelul venitului total alpopulaiei s-a triplat, iar n 2011 a constituit 1483 UANlun/persoan. Una dintre principalele surse de venit ale

populaiei din Ucraina este salariul. n timpul perioadei destudiu, se atest creterea cotei acestuia n veniturile totale, care,n anul 2011, a constituit 49,3%. De asemenea, o pondereimportant o au pensiile, bursele i indemnizaiile sociale,

eliberate n numerar, care, n 2011, erau de 25,5%, iar n mediepentru 1 persoan de 378 UAN.Puterea de cumprare a populaiei active poate fi estimat

prin compararea nivelului salariului mediu lunar cu mrimeaminimului de existen pentru persoanele apte de munc ncalcul pentru 1 pers./lun (nivelul minim de existen valoareasetului de produse alimentare, suficiente pentru a asigura bunafuncionare a organismului uman, meninerea sntii acestuia,

precum i a setului minim a produselor nonalimentare, dar i asetului minim de servicii, necesar pentru a satisface nevoilesociale i culturale ale individului) [4, p.132].

Salariul mediu lunar, n ansamblul, n economia naionalpentru anul 2011, calculat pentru un angajat, a constituit 2633

UAH, depind triplu valoarea minimului de existen pentrupopulaiaapt de munc n anul 2011 (914 UAH).Totodat, a fost atestat o cretere considerabil a salariilor

n Ucraina, n special, n anul 2011, fa de 2005, acestea au fostde 3,3 ori mai mari. Cele mai mici salarii sunt n agricultur isntate i asisten social. Totui, rata de cretere a salariilorn agricultur este mai mare dect nivelul mediu, fiind de 4,3ori.

Potrivit tendinelor pozitive de cretere a venitului bugetuluide familie al unui cetean ordinar din Ucraina n structuracheltuielilor, o proporie semnificativ este ocupat decheltuielile alimentare. Astfel, pe parcursul anilor 2000-2011,acest indicator a sczut cu 16,9 puncte procentuale, dar rmne

nc ridicat, iar n 2011 a constituit 51,3%, n timp ce n riledezvoltate ale lumii, fluctuaiile sale sunt de 9-12%. Pondereacheltuielilor pentru bunuri i servicii nonalimentare, deasemenea, a crescut, care n 2011 era de 35,5%, n principaldatorit creterii costurilor pentru locuin, ap, electricitate, gazi transport.

n 2011, pentru procurarea produselor alimentare ceteanulordinar a cheltuit 685 UAN /lun, ceea ce constituie 75% dinmrimea minimului de existen. Analiza structurii coului deconsum n compartimentul tipurilor de alimente pe parcursulanilor 2005-2011 (Tabelul 2) indic o scdere a cotei decumprare a crnii i produselor din carne, fapt ce, potrivitcreterii consumului lor n form natural, reprezint o tendin

destul de pozitiv; de asemenea, a sczut proporia cheltuielilorpentru achiziionarea de ulei i zahr. n schimb, populaia a

Analysis of food consumption by urban and ruralpopulation shows that the latter consumes more potatoesand grain products, vegetables, and sugar. This situationis caused by the fact that most of the rural population isengaged in growing potatoes and grain on its own plotsand land shares in order to provide itself with necessary

foodstuffs [3, p. 7]. Regardless of the fact that most ruralhouseholds keep cows (often 1-2 and more), theconsumption of dairy products does not differsignificantly from the level of consumption in urbanareas (18.6 and 19.1 kg). This is due to the fact that inspite of the lack of income, rural population sellssignificant share of milk.

During 2005-2011 the total income of the populationtripled and in 2011 it was 1483 UAH per month per

person. In Ukraine wages is one of the main sources ofincome. During the period under research, an increase ofits share in total income was observed; in 2011 itamounted 49.3%. A significant proportion is also

occupied by pensions, scholarships and social benefitsprovided in cash; in 2011 it made up 25.5% and 378UAH per person on average.

Purchasing power of the working population can beestimated by comparing the level of the average wageand subsistence level of the able-bodied population per

person per month (minimum subsistence level costvalue sufficient to ensure normal functioning of thehuman body, maintaining its health by proper diets and aminimum set of consumer goods and a minimum set ofservices required to meet basic social and cultural needsof the individual) [4, p.132].

In 2011, in the national economy, average wage

charged per full-time employee was 2633 UAH, that isthree times more than the subsistence level for able-bodied in 2011 (914 UAH.).

There has been significant growth of wages inUkraine, thus in 2011 compared to 2005 growth rateswere 3.3 times. The least paid branches are agriculture,healthcare and social assistance. However, the rate ofgrowth of wages in agriculture is higher than averagerate amounting 4.3 times.

In spite of the positive trends of growth of the familyrevenues of the ordinary citizen of Ukraine, food costsstill occupy a significant share in the structure of hisexpenditures. Thus, during 2000-2011this index dropped

by 16.9 percentage points, but it still remains high, andin 2011 it was 51.3%, in the developed countries itfluctuates within 9-12%. The share of expenses on theindustrial goods and services increased, and in 2011 itmade up 35.5%, mainly due to increased costs forhousing, water, electricity, gas and transport.

In 2011, an average citizen spent 685 UAH a monthto purchase these products, which is 75% of thesubsistence minimum. Analysis of the structure of theconsumer basket in terms of the types of foodstuffs in2005-2011 (Table 2) shows a decrease in the share of

purchasing meat and meat products. Against abackground of their increasing consumption in real terms

it seems to be a very positive trend. The share of costsfor oil and sugar also reduced. Instead, people began to


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Tabelul 3 /Table 3Diferenierea a populaiei din Ucraina

Differentiation of the income of population in Ukraine

Anii/Year

Pentru toate grupurile depopulaie, UAN pentru 1persoan/By all groups

of population,UAH per person

Grupurile de decile (10%) de gospodriiconform nivelului de venit mediu total pe persoana /

Decile (10%) groups of households in terms of the levelof average gross income per capita

Raportul dintredecile de sus i dejos /Ratio of thetop and bottom

decilesPrima/First (de jos/ bottom)decile (UAH per person)

A zecea/Tenth (de sus/top)decile (UAH per person)

2003 270,5 144,8 594,3 4,12004 348,0 181,2 789,7 4,42005 506,3 270,9 1136,5 4,22006 619,9 327,6 1432,1 4,42007 773,9 346,9 1828,7 5,32008 1112,6 479,9 2783,0 5,82009 1159,7 518,2 2901,3 5,62010 1339,4 615,4 3302,4 5,42011 1483,3 709,0 3465,8 4,9

n raportul Organizaiei Internaionale a Muncii suntreflectate costurile pentru produsele alimentare n 38 de ri. ncadrul analizei au fost aplicate preurile pentru 93 de diferitedenumiri de produse i cheltuielile pentru acestea a familiilor cucele mai mici venituri nregistrate.

Conform studiilor efectuate, mai mult de 80% dincheltuielile totale sunt cheltuite pentru produsele alimentare, nspecial n rile, precum: Nigeria i Romnia. Unele ri din CSIcheltuiesc pn la 80%, n special, Azerbaidjan, Armenia iRepublica Moldova. Belarus cheltuie pentru produselealimentare aproximativ 50%, practic aceleai costuri suntsuportate de ctre populaia din Polonia i Iran.

Ponderea cheltuielilor pentru produsele alimentare n rile

dezvoltate, n cheltuielile totale, reprezint de la 10 pn la30%, n special, Elveia 1 1, Norvegia 14, SUA 20, Frana 23, Olanda i Danemarca numai 10%.

Potrivit datelor Serviciului de Cercetare Economic alMinisterului Agriculturii din SUA, a fost investigat structuracheltuielilor totale a gospodriilor din peste 80 de ri, diferiteregiuni i ri, la diferite stadii de dezvoltare, pentru perioadaanilor 2002-2009 [6].

Studiul a analizat datele din 30 de ri dezvoltate, 5 cueconomii n tranziie, 8 ri CSI, 28 de ri din Asia, OrientulMijlociu i Africa de Nord, 13 - din America Latin i Caraibe,

precum i 2 ri din rile din Africa spre sud de la Sahara. Datele indic faptul, c n timpul perioadei de studiu

rile dezvoltate au cheltuit pe alimente, n medie, 15,2% dintotalul cheltuielilor; rile cu economii n tranziie 17,8%;rile din Asia, Orientul Mijlociu i Africa de Nord 21,6%,rile din America Latin i Caraibe 17,3%, rile din Africaspre sud de Sahara 28,8, i cca 30% au cheltuit populaia dinrile CSI.

Comparativ cu alte ri, n Ucraina se atest o puterea decumprare sczut a populaiei. Dup cum observm din tabelul4, n Ucraina, cu excepia Republicii Moldova, este cel maisczut nivel al salariilor i al puterii de cumprare a populaiei.

Salariile din rile enumerate, cu excepia RepubliciiMoldova, n comparaie cu Ucraina, sunt mai mari de 1,4-14,0ori. n aceste ri, din salariul lunar poate fi cumprat

(calculate): pine de 1,5-5,5 ori mai mult, respectiv, lapte de1,6-14,4 ori, carne de porc de 2,1-14,0 ori, carne de vit de1,8-13,1 ori, carne de pasre (carcas) de 1,2-8,1 ori.

The report of the International Labour Organizationprovides data on food costs in 38 countries. Prices for 93different products and expenses for their purchase offamilies with the lowest registered incomes were used foranalysis.

According to the research data, more than 80% of thetotal expenditures are occupied by food costs, particularlyin such countries as Nigeria and Romania. Some CIScountries including Azerbaijan, Armenia and Moldovaspend nearly 80%. Belarusians spend on food about 50%,like the population of Poland and Iran.

It should be noted that the share of food costs in thedeveloped countries, in total expenditures, are only 10 to

30%, including Switzerland 11%, Norway 14%, theUSA 20%, France 23%, the Netherlands and Denmark only 10%.

According to the Economic Research Service of theUSDA the structure of the total costs of the households ofmore than 80 countries in different regions and countriesat different stages of the development over the period of2002-2009 were studied [6].

In the study data of 30 developed countries, amongthem 5 with transition economy, 8 CIS countries, 28countries of Asia, the Middle East and North Africa, 13 ofLatin America and the Caribbean, and 2 countries ofAfrica to the south of the Sahara were reviewed.

The data show that over the period under researchdeveloped countries spent on food, on average, 15.2% oftotal costs, transition countries 17.8%, Asia, the MiddleEast and North Africa 21.6%, Latin America and theCaribbean 17.3%, countries of Africa to the south of theSahara 28.8%, and nearly 30% was spent by CIS countries.

Compared with other countries, Ukraine has a lowpurchasing power. According to the data in Table 4,Ukraine, except for Moldova, has the lowest rate of wagesand purchasing power.

In the above mentioned countries, except forMoldova, compared with Ukraine, wages are 1,4-14,0times higher. In these countries monthly salary makes it

possible to buy 1,5-5,5 times more bread, 1,6-14,4 timesmore milk, 2,1-14,0 times more pork, 1,8-13,1 times morebeef, 1,2-8,1 times more poultry.


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Tabelul 4 /Table 4Salariile i puterea de cumprarea populaiei (noiembrie 2011)

The level of wages and purchasing power of the population (November 2011)Nivelul salariului mediu/

Level of average wagesPine de gru/Wheat bread

Lapte/Milk

Carne de vitBeef

Carne deporc/ Pork

Carne depasre

(carcas) /Poultrymeat

(carcass)

Dolari/lun$ per month

% fa deUcraina/

% toUkraine

Ukraine 343,30 100,0 451,71 377,25 54,84 54,84 127,62% fa de Ucraina/% to Ukraine

Azerbaijan 448,90 130,8 79,50 78,28 73,35 83,44 79,04Belarus 397,20 115,7 274,79 501,37 - 215,56 114,42Austria 3490,0 1016,6 181,37 492,08 657,43 1157,08 323,25Kazakhstan 621,30 181,0 233,13 191,50 168,84 225,68 154,06USA 4388,00 1278,2 119,49 478,66 928,24 1476,28 612,89Slovakia 1088,20 317,0 125,47 285,60 304,34 472,45 218,08Moldova 268,60 78,2 118,93 178,00 89,05 97,96 87,69Russia 754,00 219,6 172,08 192,18 183,32 203,09 176,36Germany 4484,00 1306,1 374,59 1042,63 876,36 1979,78 1081,09

Georgia 368,60 107,4 89,67 71,84 146,12 134,70 63,48Turkey 872,00 254,0 160,87 210,13 - - 207,05Hungary 685,00 199,5 107,55 165,07 137,26 293,90 173,14Czech Republic 1273,00 370,8 231,00 351,50 294,95 436,33 312,69

Concluzii. n circumstanele actuale, respingnd poziiilei dogmele ideologice apriorice, din punctul de vedere alrealismului i bunului sim, este nevoie de a gsi soluie

pentru problemele de ieire din criz. i nu prin abandonareareformelor economice, dar prin continuarea lor, analizndreformele nu ca un scop n sine, ci ca un mijloc de cretere aeficienei economiei i de mbuntire a traiul populaiei.Pentru aceasta, este necesar o transformare treptat a

formelor existente de gestiune i a instituiilor economice ndirecia unei economii de pia i reglementat cu orientaresocial, totodat, meninnd rolul important al statului.Principalele ci de sporire a puterii de cumprare estemajorarea veniturilor populaiei din Ucraina prin elaborareaunui program de dezvoltare a industriei, a Strategiei pentruatragerea investiiilor n economia rii pn n 2020, deasemenea, trebuie o activitate int ponderat cu regiunilenapoiate i deprimate.

Conclusions. In current conditions it necessaryto reject ideological dogmas and find a solution to thecrisis from the standpoint of realism and commonsense. It is important not to give up economic reforms

but to continue them considering reforms as a meansof increasing economic efficiency and improvingliving standards. This requires gradual transformationof the existing forms of economic activity and

economic institutions towards socially oriented andregulated market economy, while maintaining theimportant role of the state. The main way ofincreasing purchasing power is to increase income of theUkrainian population through the introduction of

programs of the industrial development, strategy ofattracting investments in the economy by 2020, besideswell-planned target work with retarded and depressedregions is required.

Referine bibliografice/ References:1. , .. . :

.2003, 1, . 113-120.

2.

, .. . ., 2003.114 .3. , ..

. : .2011, 2 (10), . 5-10.4. , .. . :

.2004, 5, . 131-138.5. , ..

. : .2009, .142, 1, . 201-206.

6. OECD-FAO. Agricultural Outlook 2011-2020 [accesat 5 mai 2013]. Disponibil: www.donorplatform.org/load/11194Recomandat spre publicare: 02.10.2013


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ARGUMENTAREA OPTIMIZRII FACTORILORINFLAIEI CA O CONDIIEA CRETERII ECONOMICE

ARGUMENTS FOR OPTIMIZATIONOF INFLATION FACTORS AS A CONDITION

OF ECONOMIC GROWTH

Gheorghe ILIADI, dr.hab, prof. cercet., INCE Gheorghe ILIADI, PhD, prof. research., INCE

Scopul acestui articol este consacrat problemeimodernizrii politici antiinflaioniste. Actualitateamaterialului prezentat rezid n recomandrile orientate

spre stabilizarea inflaiei n economia naional. Sarcinaprimordial se consider elaborarea unui nou sistem demsuri de optimizare, care n baza complexului de mijloaceeconomice, financiar-creditare i administrativ-legislativearmonizate i integrate, vor echilibra corelaia maseimonetare. Implementarea acestor msuri urgente ineamnate ne asigur direcionarea prioritar sprecreterea economic.

The purpose of this article is devoted to the problemof modernization of anti-inflationary policies. The actualityof presented material resides in recommendations aimed atstabilizing inflation in the national economy. The primarytask considers development of a new optimization measuressystem, which based on complex economic, of financial-credit and administrative-legislative means, harmonizedand integrated will balance correlation of money supply.

Implementation of these urgent and that cannot bepostponed and provides priority targeting for growth ofeconomy.

Cuvinte cheie: inflaie, optimizare, antiinflaie, cretereeconomic

Key words: inflation, optimization, anti-inflation,economic growth

JEL Classification: E31, F33, F43, E52

Coninutul de baz.n baza conceptelor teoretice,nivelul de dezvoltare a unei economii echilibrate estedeterminat de coraportul a amplorii impactului direct afondurilor bugetar-bancare din partea statului i de influenaindirect a instrumentelor de pia n curs de dezvoltare.Totodat, echilibrul ntre nivelul inflaiei i mrimeanormativ argumentat tiinific se stabilete, dup cum estecunoscut, prin intermediu a acordului dintre volumelormasei mrfurilor i a serviciilor prestate cu volumul maseimonetare n circulaie.

De aceea, politica economic a statului orientat, n celedin urm, la asigurarea meninerii acestui coraport la nivelnormativ, ar trebui s fie o condiie principal pentrucreterea economic i ar trebui s se bazeze pecaracteristicile specifice ale procesului de circulaie a maseimonetare.

n conformitate cu aceste argumente, n condiiileactuale, bazate pe legislaia existent, autoritile publicetrebuie s ndeplineasc o serie de msuri pentrusupravegherea i asigurarea coreciilor operative afuncionrii structurilor instituionale a sistemului financiar,anticipnd tendinele destabilizatoare n punerea n aplicarea politicii antiinflaioniste. Se are n vedere cel mai rspndit

model de optimizare a fondurilor monetare n parametriicunoscute a structurilor i direciilor de perfecionare aeficienei politicii monetar-creditare, sistemul fiscal, precumi a relaiilor bugetare i interguvernamentale, adic a tot, cedetermin reglarea operativ a nivelului inflaiei i astabilizarea pe aceast baz a situaiei financiare dezvoltatei mature.

Astfel, putem generaliza c modelul de optimizare aproceselor inflaioniste are drept obiectiv de a stabili bazelemetodice a monitorizrii condiiilor asigurrii echilibruluifinanciar-economic, orientrile organizaional-structurale iinformaionale, evalurile analitice corelailor dintre cererei ofert, precum i caracteristici de tehnici, procedee i

abordri de control a administrrii politicilor bugetar-fiscalei monetar-creditare cu scopul stimulrii economiei la etapa

The basic content. Based on theoretical concepts,level of development of a balanced economy isdetermined by the scale of the impact of directcorrelation of budgetary funds of the state and of theindirect influence of developing market instruments.Also, the balance between inflation and scientificallynormative size of it is determined, as is known,through agreement between volumes of mass of goodsand services with volume of money supply in circulation.

That is why, economic policy of the state oriented,

ultimately, for ensuring the preservation of thiscorrelation at normative level, should be a primaryrequirement for growth of economy and should be basedon the specific characteristics of the process of moneysupply circulation.

According to these arguments, during currentconditions, based on existing legislation, publicauthorities must fulfill a number of measures formonitoring and ensuring operational corrections of thefunction of institutional structures of the financialsystem, with anticipation of destabilizing trends in theimplementation of anti-inflation policy. It iscontemplated the most common optimization model of

monetary funds in known parameters of structures anddirections for improvement of the efficiency ofmonetary-credit policy, of tax system as well as of

budgetary and intergovernmental relations, in otherwords of all, that determine operative adjustment ofinflation and the stabilization on this basis of thedeveloped and mature financial situation.

So, we can generalize the optimization model ofinflationary processes aims to establish methodical basisof monitoring conditions for ensuring financial-economic balance, for organizational-structural andinformation orientations, analytical evaluations of thecorrelation between supply and demand as well as

characteristics of the techniques, processes andapproaches of the control management of the budgetary -


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de "rcire" sau nceputul slbirii lor n caz de"supranclzire".

Mai mult dect att, pe baza celor de mai sus,se poate presupune, c trecerea la utilizarea modeluluieconomic a optimizrii impactului factorilor inflaioniti,

permite de a determina i corecta totodat nivelului inflaiei

i ali factori de dezechilibru (omaj, activitatea de investiiii nivelul de concuren pe pia etc.). Importana acestuimodel const n faptul c rezultatele pot fi folosite pentrumbuntirea politicii autoritilor de echilibrare aeconomiei naionale i a realizarea creterii indicatorilormacroeconomici.

Ar trebui s se in cont de faptul c, obiectivelemacroeconomice generale ale reglementrii guvernamentalese formuleaz n mod egal n abordri diferite. Aceastdiferen de concepte reglementeaz prioritile planurilorint intermediare i finale. Aceste provocri includ:fluctuaii n producia i ocuparea forei de munc,stabilizarea preurilor, creterea ratei de cretere a venitului

naional, optimizarea balanei de pli. Se pare c soluia deastfel de probleme pentru dezvoltarea stabil a economieinaionale a fiecrei ri. Nu este o excepie i economianaional a Republicii Moldova, pentru care identificarea demodaliti de a realiza aceste obiective i, mai presus detoate, stabilitatea preurilor ar trebui s fie fundamentul deorice program (opional) de ieire din criz i stabilizarea petermen lung.

Cu toate acestea, o analiz a problemelormacroeconomice ale reglementrii de stat arat, c soluiilelor pe plan intern pot fi necoordonate. Astfel, stabilizarea

preurilor n cadrul programelor anti-inflaioniste are caefect, de regul, reducerile ratelor de cretere a venitului

naional, lipsa de investiii de capital interne i externe,creterea omajului etc. n aceast situaie, la etapa iniial areformrii, este important n rndul sarcinilor iniiale de anainta problema soluionrii atingeri optimizrii iulterioarei stabilizrii a masei monetar-creditare ncirculaie. n acelai timp, formarea complexelor de msuri areglrii economice ar trebui s poarte doar un caracter cu unsingur scop (unic) care urmrete doar predestinare anti-inflaionist. i numai cu realizarea a optimizrii maseimonetare (n limitele programate 3-5%), msurile influeneiguvernamentale trebuie s dobndeasc deja o orientare cuscopuri multiple pentru menine stabil a circulaiei maseimonetare.

Mai mult dect att, este necesar de avut n vedere, ccombinarea ntr-un complex a tipuri variatori a msurilorrealizate n acelai timp de ctre guvern, orientate laatingerea sarcinilor intermediare reciproc contradictorii.Aceasta va cere de la organele de stat realizareaaciunilor precise i mobile, bine echilibrate, a monitorizriiatt prognozrii rezultatelor obinute ct i la momentuloportun a influenei corective n scopul neutralizriiefectelor negative. De aici reiese, c acest lucruimplic faptul c programul de reglementare de stat aeconomiei trebuie, n primul rnd, s se ia n vedere

problemele reale ale ciclului economic, i n al doilea rnd,s se bazeze pe concepte teoretice specifice recomandate.

Totodat au fost interpretate n mod diferit rolul i locul apoliticii monetar-creditare i fiscal-bugetare n teoria

fiscal and monetary-credit policies in order to stimulateeconomy at the stage of "cooling" or of the beginning oftheir weakening in case of "overheating".

Moreover, based on the above, it can be assumed thattransition to the economic model of maximizing ofinflationary factors impact, allows to determine and

correct at the same time the level of inflation and of otherfactors of imbalance (unemployment, investment activityand level of market competition, etc.). The significanceof this model is that the results can be used forimproving of authorities' policy of balancing of thenational economy and of achievement increase ofmacroeconomic indicators.

It should be taken into account that, the overallgovernment regulations macroeconomic objectives areformulated equally in different approaches. Thisdifference in concepts regulate intermediary and finaltarget plans priorities. These challenges include:fluctuations in production and employment, stabilizing

of prices, the growth of national income growth rate,optimization of the balance of payments. It seems thatthe solution of such problems is necessary for the stabledevelopment of the national economy of each country.There is no exception and the national economy of theRepublic of Moldova for which the identification ofways for achievement of these objectives and, above all,

price stability should be the foundation of any program(optional) for getting out of crisis and long-termstabilization of economy.

However, an analysis of the macroeconomicproblems of state regulation shows that their solutionscan be internally not coordinated. Thus, price

stabilization within the anti-inflationary programs has asan effect usually of reduction of national incomesgrowth rates, lack of domestic and foreign capitalinvestment, growth of unemployment, etc. In this case, atinitial stage of reform, it is important among the initialtasks to consider the issue of achieving of optimizationand subsequent of stabilization of the money supply incirculation. At the same time, the formation ofcomplexes of economic adjustment measures shouldwear a character of only a single purpose (unique) aimedfor only anti-inflationary predestination. And only byachieving optimization of money supply (scheduledwithin the limits of 3-5%), government influence

measures must already acquire multi-purpose orientationfor maintaining stable monetary circulation.

Moreover, it is necessary to consider, that a complexcombination of various types of measures carried out atthe same time by government, aimed at reachingmutually contradictory intermediate tasks. This willrequire from public bodies achievement of preciseactions and mobile, well balanced, for monitoring bothforecasting results as well as timely corrective influenceto neutralize negative effects. From this it follows, that itimplies that program of state regulation of economyshould primarily take into account real problems of theeconomic cycle, and secondly, to rely on specific

theoretical recommended concepts. At the same timethere were interpreted differently role and place of


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reglementrii de stat i prioritile sale n sistemulindicaiilor cu scopul prevzut (obiective intermediarede reglementare de stat).

n acest sens, se presupune c se poate de a evideniadou direcii principale de ci a politicii economice, carediferit determin caracterul legturii cauz-efect n cadrul

proceselor economice, i, ca urmare, care realizeaz punereasarcinilor n reglementarea bancar i bugetare. nainte detoate, o atenie deosebit se acord deversor abordri nalegerea a obiectivelor intermediare, precum i n stabilire a

prioritilor n scopuri de reglementare finale.Principala baza conceptual a politicii economice n

rile cu economii de pia pe parcursul a mai mult de cincidecenii de dup rzboi mondial a fost doctrina keynesist .Bazndu-se pe analiza ciclitii dezvoltrii economieicapitaliste i a caracterul distructiv al crizei generaleconomice, John Keynes, ca o premis iniial teoretic nconcepia sa a utilizat ipoteza de instabilitate intern aeconomiei de pia. Aceasta instabilitate se genereaz de

insuficiena cererii pentru resurse, aprut ca urmare asubocuprii i lipsa de activitate factorilor de producie. Prinurmare, n opinia sa, obiectivul principal al politiciimacroeconomice ar trebui s declare ocuparea deplin aforei de munc, care poate fi realizat doar cu interveniaactiv a statului, prin mijloace de stimulare continu a cereriiefective.

Bazat pe aceast abordare conceptual a celor doucomponente ale cererii-de consum i de investiii factoruldeterminant este al doilea element, pentru c el a determinatctigurile de capital, care afecteaz n mod direct dinamicade reproducere i creterea venitului naional. Prin urmare,dinamica cererii de investiii (ca cererea de investiii

realizate), fiind unul dintre principalii factori ciclici,predetermin condiiile stabilitii i dezvoltrii economicedurabile.

La rndul su, dinamica cererii de investiii depinde nmod direct de nivelul ratelor dobnzilor, care, pe de o parte,servete ca un instrument de msurare (n proporie invers)rata de rentabilitate a investiiilor realizate n trecut, i pe dealt parte, este un indicator a posibilitii de extindere acererii de investiii n prezent. Prin urmare, n conformitatecu Keynes, n realizarea politicii monetare scopul generaltrebuie s fie dinamic i nivelul ratelor dobnzilor, darimpactul politicii ar trebui s fie pus n aplicare nconformitate cu urmtoarea schem: masa monetar - rata

dobnzii - investiiile - venitul naional.Acest sistem de reglementare a funcionat n mod

eficient n 50-60 de ani, n multe ri occidentale ncondiiile pieelor concureniale(nemonopolizate sau slabmonopolizate). Stimularea cererii efective a contribuit lamajorare ratei de cretere a venitului naional, creteriisecuritii sociale a populaiei, datorit majorrilorveniturilor i punerea n aplicare a diverselor programesociale finanate din bugetele. Cu toate acestea, o cretere

brusc n procesele de monopolizare a pieei, a blocataciunea mecanismului preului de echilibru a determinatcreterea rapid a unei noi caliti a infla iei (inflaie cost),

precum i nivelul ridicat al omajului n anii '70, nu au putut

fi explicate n cadrul conceptului keynesian.A fost nevoie de o revizuire a fundamentelor teoretice

monetary fiscal-budgetary policy in the theory of stateregulation and its priorities in the system of indicationswith the intended purpose (state regulatory intermediateobjectives).

In this regard, it is assumed that it can highlight twomain directions of economic policy that link differently

character of cause-effect in economic processes, and as aresult, which carries out tasks making banking andbudget regulations. First of all, a special attention is paidto spillway approaches in choosing intermediateobjectives, and setting priorities for final regulations.

The main conceptual basis of economic policy incountries with market economies over more than fivedecades after World War II was the Keynesian doctrine.Based on analysis of cyclic development of capitalisteconomy and of the destructive character of the generaleconomic crisis, John Keynes, as a theoretical original

premise in his conception has used a hypothesis ofinternal instability of the market economy. This

instability is generated by insufficient demand forresources that arises as a result of underemployment andthe inactivity of production factors. Therefore, in hisview, the main objective of macroeconomic policyshould be declaring of full employment of labor, whichcan be achieved only by active intervention of the state,using means of continuous stimulation of effectivedemand.

Based on this conceptual approach of the twocomponents of demand of consumption and investment- the determining factor is second element, because itsleads to capital gains, which directly affects thedynamics of reproduction and growth of national

income. Therefore, the dynamics of investment demand(the demand for investments), one of the main cyclicalfactors predetermine the conditions of stability andsustainable economic development.

In its turn, the dynamics of investment demanddepends directly on the level of interest rates, which onthe one hand, serves as a measuring instrument (ininverse proportion) to rate of return on past investments,and on the other hand, is an indicator of the possibility ofexpanding investment demand today. Therefore, inaccordance with Keynes, in achieving of general goal ofmonetary policy also should be took dynamic andinterest rates of investments, but the impact of the policy

should be implemented according to the followingscheme: monetary mass - the interest rate - investments -national income.

This regulatory system has worked effectively in theperiod of 50-60 in many Western countries in terms ofcompetitive markets (non monopolized or with lowmonopoly). Stimulation of effective demand hascontributed to increase in growth rate of national income,in social security of population growth, due to increasesin revenues and the implementation of various social

programs financed from the budgets. However, a sharprise in the process of monopolization of the market, has

blocked the action of the mechanism of equilibrium price

led to rapid growth of a new quality of inflation (costinflation) and high unemployment in the 70s, that could


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ale politicii monetar-creditare i a prioritilor dereglementare macroeconomic n totalitate. Premiseobiective care au schimbat bazele conceptuale alereglementrii de stat au existat (deja n anii '60)recreerea i creterea rapid a vitezei a capitaluluide mprumut pe pieele internaionale, i mai trziu,

inclusiv piaa Eurovaluat, care a intensificat efectelerepercusiunilor a capitalurilor asociate activitilor deCTN etc.

Aceste procese certific, n cele din urm, desprecreterea importanei a factorilor financiari n procesele deafaceri i, prin urmare, despre rolul nou a politicii monetar-creditare i fiscal-bugetare n sistemul a reglementrii destat. Motivul schimbrii prioritilor n managementulmacroeconomic (de la stimulare a creterii economice la un

predominant a msurilor antiinflaioniste) a servit, pe de oparte, la consolidarea poziiei economice a multor ri cuorientat spre pia, i, pe de alt parte, focarele inflaionist ede la nceputul anilor '70 i mai trziu n anii 90 cauzate de

menionat mai sus monopolizarea mondial i de influenafactorilor cu caracter structural. Circumstanele indicate audeterminat o baz teoretic i utilizarea practic a noilorrecomandri, conceptului monetarist de bani, inflaiei, ireglementare monetar-creditare.

Monetaritii n construcii teoreticeprovin de la aceea ceconomia capitalist este intern stabil, capabil dereglementare sine stttoare i reglare automat. Astfel, ocondiie necesar pentru manifestarea unor mecanisme dereglementare sine stttoare este stabilitatea circulaiei amasei monetare i a preurilor. n consecin, impactulasupra sectorului financiar cu ajutorul metodelor politiciimonetare-creditare servete sarcina mecanismului de

reglementrilor guvernamentale.Cu toate acestea, dup cum se tie, obiectul impactuluide reglementare, n conformitate cu conceptele monetaristesunt factorii care stimuleaz oferta resurselor. ns, impactulasupra dinamicii cererii (investiii), prin modificarea ratelorde dobnd, aa cum a fost sugerat de ctre keynesieni,duce doar la distrugerea mecanismelor de reglementare sinestttoare n economie. Dup cum arat M. Friedman,cererea, msurat prin nivelul ratelor dobnzii, este oconstant n sistemul de indicatori macroeconomici. El esteinerial i se modific sub influena factorilor structurali petermen lung n evoluia sistemului economic. n acest caz,stabilitatea cererii este exprimat (msurat) prin

componenta puin mobil a ratei dobnzii reale. nsschimbarea operativ a ratelor dobnzilor este cauzat decomponenta inflaionist a acestora. Prin urmare, rateledobnzilor variaz mai ales n funcie de ateptrileinflaioniste, pierznd efectul stimulator de influen asupradinamicii investiiilor. n aceste condiii, orice aciuni petermen scurt ale statului, vizeaz stimularea cererii, inclusiv

prin modificri ale ratelor dobnzii, conduc, n conformitatecu prerea monetaritilor, doar la noi focare a procesuluiinflaionist.

Avnd n vedere aceast motivare, Milton Friedman iadepii si propun abandonarea a impactului asupra cereriica o metod de reglementare anticiclic, care conduce la

fluctuaiile brute n a tempourilor creterii a maseimonetare i nclcarea durabilitii sistemului economic.

not be explained in the keynesian concept.It was required of a review of the theoretical

foundations of monetary credit policy and priorities ofentire macroeconomic regulation. Objective

preconditions that changed the conceptual foundations ofstate regulation existed (already in the 60s) recreation

and rapid growth rotation speed of borrowed capital oninternational markets, and later, including Eurocurrencymarket, which has intensified the effects of therepercussions of capital associated activities of TNC, etc.

These processes certifies, finally, about growingimportance of financial factors in business processes andtherefore new role of monetary fiscal-budgetary policysystem of state regulation. The reason for changing of

priorities in macroeconomic management (fromstimulating growth to a predominantly anti-inflationarymeasures) served, on the one hand, strengthening of theeconomic position of many market-orientated countriesof , and, on the other hand, inflationary outbreaks in the

early 70s and later in the 90s due to abovementionedglobal monopolization and the influence of structuralfactors. Circumstances indicated prompted a theoreticaland practical use of the new recommendations, ofmonetarist concept of money, of inflation, and generalaspects of money and credit.

Monetarists in their theoretical construction comefrom the fact that the capitalist economy is internallystable, capable of self and automatic regulation. Thus, anecessary condition for the manifestation of selfregulatory mechanisms is the stability of circulation ofmoney and prices. Consequently, the impact on thefinancial sector by methods monetary and credit policy

mechanism serves burden of government regulations.However, as is known, object of regulatory impact,according to monetarist concepts are factors thatstimulate demand of resources. But, the impact on thedynamics of demand (investment) by changes of interestrates, as was suggested by Keynesians, leads to thedestruction of self regulatory mechanisms in theeconomy. As shown by M. Friedman, demand, measured

by the interest rate is a constant in the system ofmacroeconomic indicators. It is inertial and changesunder the influence of long-term structural evolution ofthe economic system. In this case, stability of demand isexpressed (measured) by the less mobile component of

the real interest rate. But operative change of interestrates caused by their inflation component. Therefore,interest rates vary especially depending on inflationaryexpectations, losing influence its stimulatory effect oninvestment growth. In these circumstances, any short-term actions of the state, aimed at boosting of demand,including changes in interest rates lead according tomonetarists opinion, only to new outbreaks of theinflationary process.

Given this motivation, Milton Friedman and hisfollowers propose abandoning of the impact on demandas a countercyclical regulatory capable of self regulatorymethod that leads to sudden fluctuations in the tempo of

growth and sustainability violation economic system.The main focus of the sustainability of monetary policy


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Orientarea principal a durabilitii politicii monetare, nconformitate cu viziunea monetaritilor, devine volumulofertei de bani oferta masei monetare, deoarece oricemodificare a ofertei de bani n raport cu produce reaciiciclice n economie. Aceasta explic cauza principal aciclului economic.

n concepia monetaritilor fr ndoial exist momenteraionale. Mai nti de toate, analiza poziiile lor arat, cntr-adevr preurile la resurse stabile, curite decomponenta inflaiei, inclusiv la bunuri de investiionale,stimuleaz concurena, contribuind la creterea ofertei de

bunuri. Anume aceasta include mecanismul de echilibrare apreurilor, care regleaz preferinele investitorilor, n direciaefecturii de investiii n funcie de rentabilitatea activeloraferente. Afectnd asupra preferinelor investitorilor prinschimbare ratelor de rentabilitate, statul atinge obiectivelemacroeconomice de cretere durabil.

Se poate cu siguran de a prezice c n stadiul actual dedezvoltare a relaiilor de pia creterea inflaionist a

preurilor, formnd anticipaiile inflaioniste, modificasemnificativ strategia comportamentului investitorilor.Elementul nou i principal n ierarhie preferinelor lordevine asigurarea de la posibile pierderi ca urmare ainflaiei. n plus, trebuie de remarcat faptul c aciunilentreprinse n scopul compensrii pierderilor din inflaiesunt, la rndul lor , cauza a inflaiei n viitoare. Ca urmare,mecanismul de stabilire a preurilor se deformeaz, iar statulnu poate influena n mod eficient procesele economice. Deaceea lupta mpotriva ateptrilor inflaioniste i cretereamasei monetar se prezint ntr-o calitate nou, cu altecuvinte, dobndete un nou rol n realizarea obiectivelor

principale ale politicii monetar-creditare i bugetar-fiscale

promovate de stat.Analiza comparativ a celor mai faimoase concepiireflectate mai sus ale reglementrii de stat (keynesian imonetarist), din punct de vedere a problemei crerii

premiselor pentru o cretere economic, indic necesitateade a crete oferta de bani, care ar putea determinadezvoltarea stabil a economiei. Rezult c, scopul politiciimonetar-creditare a statului trebuie s fie reglementareatempourilor creterii masei monetare (intirea etc.), care, larndul su, aduce la stabilizarea preurilor i formareacondiiilor real concureniale pentru cretere economicdurabil i stabil.

Aceast abordare conceptual este folosit de noi ca o

baz n justificarea, a unui procedeu sistematic n scopulmbuntirii politicii antiinflaioniste, argumentrii decondiiilor structurale i funcionale pentru monitorizarea

procesului de optimizare a procesului inflaionist, precum ide dezvoltare a problemelor de modernizare amanagementului financiar, n contextul creterii rolului dereglementare de stat n optimizarea factorilorantiinflaioniti.

Concluziile. Studiile analitice au artat c condiiile imsurile de mbuntire a managementului financiar lanivel macro conine trei direcii distincte:

n primul rnd, nu se poate da preferin exclusiv (chiari temporar) nici unuia din elementele structurii puterii

naionale de stat, care este implicat n rezolvarea uneia dinirul de probleme interdepartamentale referitor impactului

in accordance with the vision of monetarists becomes thevolume of money supply - offer, because any change inthe money supply in relation produces cyclic reactions inthe economy. This explains the main cause of theeconomic cycle.

In the conception of monetarists undoubtedly there

are rational moments. First of all, the analysis of theirpositions shows that indeed stable price on resources,cleaned from inflation component, including investmentof goods, stimulates competition contributing in this waythat leads to growth of goods supply. Namely thisincludes price balancing mechanism that regulatesinvestor preferences in the direction of makinginvestments based on profitability of related assets.Affecting the preferences of investors by changing of therates of return, state can achieve macroeconomicobjectives of sustainable growth.

It can certainly be predicted that the current stage ofdevelopment of market relations the inflationary price

rise, forming inflation expectations, significantly changebehavioral strategies of investors. The main new elementin the hierarchy of their preference becomes insurancefrom possible losses due to inflation. In addition, itshould be noted that actions taken to compensate forlosses from inflation are, in their turn cause for furtherinflation. As a result, the pricing mechanism isdeformed, and state cannot effectively influenceeconomic processes. That is why the fight againstinflation expectations and monetary growth is presentedin a new quality, in other words, acquires a new role inachieving of the main policy of monetary and fiscal

policy promoted by the state.

Comparative analysis of the most famous views ofstate regulation which are reflected above (Keynesianand monetarist), in terms of the problem creatingadequate conditions for economic growth, indicates needto increase the money supply, which could lead to thestable development of the economy . It follows thatmonetary and credit policy goal of the state mustregulate the rhythms of monetary growth (targeting,etc.), which in its turn brings to stabilize real competitive

prices and create conditions for sustainable and stablegrowth.

This new conceptual approach is used as a basis forjustification of a systematic method in order to improve

anti-inflationary policy, to argument structural andfunctional conditions for monitoring the optimizationinflationary process, as well as development of

problems of modernization of financial management inthe context of increasing the role of state regulation inoptimizing anti-inflationary factors.

Conclusions. Analytical studies have shown that theconditions and measures to improve financialmanagement at the macro level contain three distinctdirections:

First, cannot be given exclusive preference (eventemporarily) to any of the elements of national powerstructure of the state, which is involved in solving one of

the series of interdepartmental issues regarding to impacton the financial balance of the national economy.


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asupra echilibrului financiar a economiei naionale.n al doilea rnd, trebuie de pornit de la aceea, c

economia rii este cmpul de coliziune a diferitor puteridepartamentale, de multe ori reflectnd nu doar intereseopuse, dar i neconcordana lor naional.

n al treilea rnd, caracterul evident logic format de

evalurile i refleciile acestor genuri trebuie s condiionezerecunoaterea social-economic a faptului, c din acestedeosebiri decurge i multitudinea viziunilor despre aciunile

preferate i a rolului statului, referitor la echilibrul financiarn economia naional i stabilizarea inflaiei.

Aceste aspecte conceptuale au fost puse drept temei aelaborrii n baza cunotinelor interdisciplinare a modeluluide optimizare a impactului factorilor inflaioniti ca premisiniial a stabilizrii sistemului financiar, prevzut n

proiectul programului de stat: Dezvoltarea competitivitiii creterea economic durabil n contextul economiei

bazate pe cunoatere, dezvoltrii i integrrii regionale ieuropene.

Secondly, it should be started from that, thatcountry's economy is the field of collision of differentdepartmental structures, often reflects not only opposinginterests, and their national inconsistency.

In the third place, the character obvious logicalformat of evaluations and reflections of these types must

recognize the socio-economic condition of the fact thatfrom these differences follows and multitude visionsabout preferred actions and of role of the state, relating tofinancial balance of the national economy andstabilization of inflation.

These conceptual issues have been made as a basisfor development of model based on interdisciplinaryknowledge for optimization of impact of inflationaryfactors as the initial premise for stabilizing the financialsystem, set out in the project of the state program"Development of the competitiveness and sustainablegrowth in the context of the knowledge economy andregional development and European integration.

Referine bibliografice/ References:1. INVESTING ANSWERS. John Maynard Keynes: The Man Who Transformed the Economic World. 2010, 21

january [accesat 25 mai 2013]. Disponibil: http://www.investinganswers.com/education/economics/john-maynard-keynes-man-who-transformed-economic-world-621

2. BBC NEWS. How to kick-start a faltering economy the Keynes way. 2008, 22 october [accesat 5 mai 2013].Disponibil: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/7682887.stm

3. , ., , . : . : , 2007.356 .ISBN 5-98379-073-0.

4. FRIEDMAN, M., BECKER, G.S.Milton Friedman on Economics: selected papers. Chicago: University of ChicagoPress, 2008. 180 p. ISBN 978-0226263496.

5. 7 . [accesat 5 mai 2013]. Disponibil:http://slon.ru/calendar/event/832622/

Recomandat spre publicare: 08.11.2013
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/7682887.stmhttp://www.inliberty.ru/assets/files/books/Friedman_book2.pdfhttp://www.inliberty.ru/assets/files/books/Friedman_book2.pdfhttp://www.inliberty.ru/assets/files/books/Friedman_book2.pdfhttp://www.inliberty.ru/assets/files/books/Friedman_book2.pdfhttp://www.inliberty.ru/assets/files/books/Friedman_book2.pdfhttp://www.inliberty.ru/assets/files/books/Friedman_book2.pdfhttp://www.inliberty.ru/assets/files/books/Friedman_book2.pdfhttp://www.inliberty.ru/assets/files/books/Friedman_book2.pdfhttp://www.inliberty.ru/assets/files/books/Friedman_book2.pdfhttp://slon.ru/calendar/event/832622/http://slon.ru/calendar/event/832622/http://www.inliberty.ru/assets/files/books/Friedman_book2.pdfhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/7682887.stm


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DEZVOLTAREA NTREPRINDERILORAGRICOLE MARI N SISTEMUL

PRODUCIEI AGRICOLE N UCRAINA

DEVELOPMENT OF THE LARGE-SCALEAGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS IN THE SYSTEM

OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE

VitaliiNIENCO, dr., conf. univ.,Universitatea Agrar de Statdin Odesa, Ucraina

Vitalii NITSENCO, PhD, Associate Professor,State Agrarian University from Odessa, Ukraine

n articol sunt analizate principalele tendine dedezvoltare a ntreprinderilor agricole mari n Ucraina i loculocupat de acestea n agricultur. Este prezentat estimareaclasificrii ntreprinderilor mari de producie agricol. Sunt

justificate motivele de constrngere a creterii pe viitora produciei agricole de scar larg. Sunt caracterizate

proprietile potenialului ntreprinderilor mari agricole,precum i avantajele acestora n comparaie cu ali operatoride pe pia.

Cuvinte cheie: producia agricol de scar larg,ntreprinderi agricole mari, holdinguri agricole, agricultur,terenuri agricole.

The main trends in the development of the large-scaleagricultural companies in Ukraine and the place ofagricultural holdings in agriculture are analyzed.There is estimated the classification of the large-scaleagricultural entities. There are justified the reasonsconstraining the further growth of large-scale agricultural

production. There are characterized properties of thepotential agricultural holdings, as well as theiradvantages in comparison with other market operators.

Key words: large-scale agricultural production,large-scale agricultural companies, agriculturalholdings, farming, farmland

JEL Classification: B26, O14, O20, C11, C82, H26, H32

Introduction.Formation and the development of large-scaleagricultural companies in Ukraine have several reasons. Firstly,the low-cost of the lease of farmland in comparison with othercountries (EU, USA, etc.), as well as the lack of restrictions onthe size of the lease, and secondly, the low cost of laborrecruitment (40 times lower than in Germany and 20 times lowerthan in Latin American countries), and thirdly, the growth of the

population of the earth requires large amounts of agriculturalproduction.

Basic content.The issues on the development and formation

of large-scale agricultural enterprises were approached in theirstudies by such scholars as: V. Andriichuk, A.Dankevich,V. Meseli-Veselyak, P. Sabluk, Tcherevko G., M. Kropivko andothers. These matters are disclosed in the works of these authors.

Large-scale agricultural production in Ukraine at the presentstage of its development resembles the model of agriculturaldevelopment of Latin American countries. Such enterpriseshave large plots of farmland, optimized organizational andoperational structure that allows efficient use of the availablefinancial, human, land, material and technical resources.

Most agricultural holdings are specialized in growing crops,sunflower, rapeseed, sugar beet; they produce animal products(pork, poultry, and milk). In addition, their activity is also

storing, processing and marketing of both raw materials andfinished goods are other activities [12].

98% of large-scale agribusiness are working with thecultivation of crops: oilseeds 29%, vegetables 11%. In thelivestock production are engaged 54% of large-scaleagribusiness (growing cattle and pigs in live weight), poultry 12% and milk 6%. Refined products (flour 4%), services(product storage of grains and oilseeds 16%) and feed

production (16%) also occupy a large proportion.Analysis of financial statements of Western agri-food

corporations shows that about 40% of their own and borrowedcapital refers to the agricultural land, about 40% to non-current assets and more than 20% as current assets. Mainly in

such an approach the capital is attracted in the branch offinancial resources [1].

In Ukraine, during the reforming of agriculturethere was created a situation where commodity

producers (agricultural enterprise) is not the owner of theland, and de facto uses them for operations. Inconnection with this, underestimation of investmentattractiveness of agriculture acquires enormous

proportions.The low efficiency of agricultural production

(30.7% of the total number of enterprises) is due to thepresence in the agrarian market of grain traders who buy

produced goods in several times lower than the marketprices. Agricultural holdings, in turn, have advantagesover conventional farmers. They have a verticallyintegrated structure, which allows to efficientlymanaging of the entire value chain of agriculture fromseed production, planning and growing crops tostorage, transportation and logistics. For example, theyield of grain grown in the vast fields of agriculturalholdings, even in dry years is approaching westernstandards [8].

Agricultural holdings are considered companieswhich have more than 50 thousand hectares of land.Such, according to experts from Ukraine, account for 40

structures. About 150 companies have land fund in theamount of 20-50 thousand hectares. According toexperts, in the future, these companies will increase theamount of arable land and may soon turn intoagricultural holdings [5].

Formation of rational organizational modelof agricultural development involves achieving in2015 the optimum dimensions of land use ofagricultural enterprises: medium (rational) 2.0-2.1hectares, large 10-15 thousand hectares, associationsof enterprises up to 100 thousand hectares;farms, depending on the direction of specialization:fruit 30-60 hectares, vegetables 25-50 hectares,

grain and technical livestock 350-400 hectares[11, p. 43].


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M. Zubets and M. Bezuglyi present five forms of existencein the agricultural sector: agricultural holdings, large-scale

production, medium-scale production (LLC), farms and privatehouseholds.

These are agricultural holdings that handle hundreds ofthousands of hectares of land, large-scale agricultural producerswho process from three to ten thousand hectares, medium-scalemanufacturers that process several thousand of hectares, farms, in

processing of which there are several hundred acres andfarmhouses that have from one to two acres of land and produce themajor share of animal products, potatoes, vegetables and fruits. [4]

According to the above mentioned classifications, someauthors agree that large-scale agribusiness takes up to 10hectares, others 25-50 thousand hectares; agricultural holdings

more than 15-20 thousand hectares and 50 hectaresrespectively. It is very difficult to draw a parallel within theclassification, which is associated with different approaches tothe separation of the authors of large-scale enterprises andagricultural holdings, as it does not take into account otheraspects of operating activities (livestock, services, etc.).

In this study, we consider the large-scale production andagricultural holdings, and stick to concepts as similar in contentand identical.

The main incentive for their (agricultural holdings) occurrenceis striving to increase its capital owners in the long run. This is themain incentive for business entities in a market economy. Making a

profit and its market capitalization is just a way to increasecapital. Meanwhile, the cost of capital invested in agribusinessgrows today and can grow in the long term due to:

favorable market conditions in global and domesticmarkets of agricultural products and foodstuffs;

opportunities to increase profits from the activities at theexpense of low-cost raw materials through the integration ofagriculture and processing industry;

low cost of labor; low-rent for the land; minimization of tax payments; opportunities to accumulate large tracts of land through

their rent, and in the conditions of functioning of theagricultural land market buy them in the property with the

possibility of resale; resell business opportunities, the value of which, taking

into account all of these factors can increase dramatically in afew years.

iefs.md_economie si sociologie nr 4 2013 ince — Копия

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