úih ks¾foayh 12 13 fy%aks homeeco.pdf · wohhk fmdÿ iy;sl m;% ^wiia fm

wOHhk fmdÿ iy;sl m;% ^Wiia fm<&

.Dy wd¾Ól úoHdj

úIh ks¾foaYh

12" 13 fY%aKs^2017 j¾Ifha isg l%shd;aul fõ'&

;dlaIK wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=júoHd yd ;dlaIK mSGh

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khuyr.u

Y%S ,xldj'

w w w . n i e . l k

Wiia fm< ;dlaIKfõoh úIh Odrdj

12" 13 fY%aKs

.Dy wd¾:sl úoHdj - úIh ks¾foaY

m%:u uqøKh - 2016

© cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

uqøKh( uqøKd,hcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khuyr.u

fjí msgqj - www.nie.lkÿrl:kh - 011-7 601601

i

1'0 ye|skaùu

fi!LH iïmkak Èú meje;au yd ukdj l<ukdlrKh l< Ôjk mßirh o mqoa.,hdf.a Ôjk ;;a;ajh by< kxjd,Sug

fya;= fõ' .Dy wd¾Ól úoHdj úIh yeoEÍu ;=<ska fi!LH iïmkak Ôjk rgdjla f.dvkxjd .ekSu;a ;u fm!oa.,sl jdiia:dkh

fuka u Ôj;a jk mßirh ukd f,i l<ukdlrKh lr .ekSu;a ta i|yd Ndú; jk iïm;a ;sridr f,i Ndú;hg .ekSu;a

ms<sn| ksmqK;d isiqka ;=< j¾Okh lrùu wfmalaId flf¾'

fuu b,lalh <`.d lr .ekSu i|yd bjy,a jk mßÈ ld,Sk wjYH;d yd wkd.; m%jK;d o ie,ls,a,g .ksñka .Dy

wd¾Ól úoHdj úIh ks¾foaYh kùlrKh lrk ,§' tys § wdydr yd fmdaIKh" frÈms<s ;dlaIKh iy .Dy l<ukdlrKh hk

úIh lafIa;%hkag wu;r j jHjidhl;ajh" ikaksfõokh yd úfõlh M,odhS f,i .; lsÍu ms<sn| j jk ksmqK;d o

ixj¾Okh lsÍug wfmalaIs; h' fuu ksmqK;d mq¿,a neúka tajd uÜgï lsysmhla Tiafia ixj¾Okh jk wdldrhg WÑ;

l%shdldrlï mokï lrf.k ie,iqï lr we;' tneúka fuys we;=<;a bf.kqï-b.ekaùï l%fudamdhhka mka;s ldurh ;=< §" .Dy

úoHd.drfha § fuka u wjia:d imhd .; yels fjk;a iqÿiq ia:dkhkays § m%dfhda.sl j w;ayod ne,Su w;HjYH fõ' túg

m%dfhda.sl l%shdldrlï ;=<ska w;am;a lr .kakd ksmqK;d tÈfkod Ôú;fha § M,odhS f,i Wmfhda.S lr .ksñka wNsfhda. ch

.ekSug isiqkg yels jkq we;'

fuu úIh ks¾foaYh id¾:l j yodrd mdi,ska kslafuk orefjda úIh yd ne÷Kq úúO lafIa;%hkays Wiia wOHdmkh i|yd;a

iajhx /lshdjka i|yd fuka u ;sridr f,i iïm;a Ndú;hg;a fm<fU;s'

fuu úIh b.ekaùfï § .=rejrhdf.a ks¾udKd;aul yelshd Wmfhda.S lr .ksñka id¾:l bf.kqï mßirhla ks¾udKh

lsÍu ;=<ska ksmqK;dj,ska mßmQ¾K isiq mrmqrla ìys lsÍug yels jkq we;'

ii

2'0 cd;sl fmdÿ wruqKq(

mqoa.,hdg yd iudchg wod< jk m%Odk cd;sl wruqKq lrd <`.dùu iòyd mqoa.,hskag iy lKavdhïj,g cd;sl wOHdmk moaO;sh iydhúh hq;= h'

jir .Kkdjla uq¿,af,a Y%S ,xldfõ m%Odk wOHdmk jd¾;d iy f,aLk u.ska mqoa., yd cd;sl wjYH;djka imqrd,Su iòyd wruqKq kshulrkq ,eî h' iuld,Sk wOHdmk jHQyhka yd l%shdj,ska ;=< oelsh yels ÿ¾j,;d ksid OrKSh udkj ixj¾Ok ixl,am rduqj we;=<; wOHdmkh;=<ska <``.d lr .; hq;= my; oelafjk wruqKq imqrd .ekSu wOHdmk moaO;sh iòyd jQ ;u bÈß oelau f,ig cd;sl wOHdmk fldñIka iNdjm%;HlaI fldg f.k we;'

I. udkj wNsudkhg .re lsrSfï ixl,amhla u; msysgd Y%S ,dxlsl nyqúO iudcfha ixialD;sl úúO;ajh wjfndaO lr .ksñka cd;sltaldnoaO;dj" cd;sl Rcq .=Kh" cd;sl iu.sh" tluq;=lu iy iduh m%j¾Okh lsÍu ;=<ska cd;sh f.dv ke`.Su iy Y%S ,dxlSh wkkH;dj;yjqre lsÍu

II. fjkia jk f,dalhl wNsfhda.hkag m%;spdr olajk w;r cd;sl Wreufha udye`.s odhdohka y`ÿkd .ekSu iy ixrlaIKh lsÍu

III. udkj whs;sjdislï .re lsÍu" hq;=lï yd j.lSï ms<snò oekqj;a ùu" yDohx.u ne`§ulska hq;=j tlsfkld flfrys ie,ls,su;a ùu hk.=Kdx. m%j¾Okh lsÍug bjy,a jk iudc idOdrK;aj iïu;hka iy m%cd;dka;%sl Ôjk rgdjla .eí jQ mßirhla ks¾udK lsÍu iymj;ajd f.k hdug iydh ùu

IV. mqoa.,hskaf.a udkisl yd YdÍßl iqj iïm;a iy udkj w.hkag .re lsÍu u; mokï jQ ;sridr Ôjk l%uhla m%j¾Okh lsÍu

V. iqiudys; jQ iunr fm!reIhla iòyd ks¾udmK yelshdj" wdrïNl Yla;sh" úpdrYS,S Ñka;kh" j.lSu yd j.ùu we;=M fjk;a Okd;aulwx. ,laIK ixj¾Okh lsÍu

VI. mqoa.,hdf.a iy cd;sfha Ôj .=Kh jeä ÈhqKq flfrk iy Y%S ,xldfõ wd¾Ól ixj¾Okh iòyd odhl jk M,odhs ld¾hhka iòydwOHdmkh ;=<ska udkj iïm;a ixj¾Okh lsÍu

VII. YS>%fhka fjkia jk f,dalhla ;=< isÿ jk fjkialï wkqj yev.eiaùug yd tajd md,kh lr .ekSug mqoa.,hska iqodkï lsÍu iyixlS¾K yd wkfmalaIs; wjia:djkag id¾:l j uqyqK §fï yelshdj j¾Okh lsÍu

VIII. cd;Hka;r m%cdj w;r f.!rjkSh ia:dkhla ysñ lr .ekSug odhl jk hqla;sh iudk;ajh iy wfkHdakH .re;ajh u; mokï jQ wdl,am yd l=i,;d fmdaIKh lsÍu

iii

3'0 uQ,sl ksmqK;d

wOHdmkh ;=<ska j¾Okh flfrk my; oelafjk uQ,sl ksmqK;d by; iòyka cd;sl wruqKq bgqlr .ekSug odhl jkq we;'

(I) ikaksfõok ksmqK;d

idlaIr;dj" ixLHd ms<snò oekqu" rEml Ndú;h u; f;dr;=re ;dlaIK m%ùK;dj hk wkqldKav 4la u; ikaksfõok ksmqK;d mokï lr .kS'

idlaIr;dj : idjOdk j weyqïlka §u meyeÈ,s j l:d lsÍu" f;areï .ekSu iòyd lsshùu" ksjeros j iy ksrjq,a j ,sùu"M,odhs whqßka woyia yqjudre lr .ekSu

ixLHd ms<snò oekqu : NdKav" wjldYh yd ld,h .Kka lsÍu" .Kkh iy ñkqï iòyd l%udkql+, b,lalï Ndú;h

rEml Ndú;h : f¾Ld iy wdlD;s Ndú;fhka woyia ms<sìUq lsÍu iy f¾Ld" wdlD;s iy j¾K .<mñka úia;r" Wmfoia ydwoyia m%ldYkh yd jd¾;d lsÍu

f;dr;=re ;dlaIK m%ùK;dj : mß.Kl oekqu iy bf.kSfï § o fiajd mßY%hla ;=< § o fm!oa.,sl Ôú;fha § o f;dr;=re iy ikaksfõok;dlaIKh Wmfhda.S lr .ekSu

(II) fm!reI;aj j¾Okhg wod< ksmqK;d

- ksßudKYS,S nj" wmidÍ Ñka;kh" wdrïNl Yla;Ska" ;SrK .ekSu" .eg¨ ksrdlrKh lsÍu" úpdrYS,S yd ú.%yd;aul Ñka;kh" lKavdhïye`.Sfuka lghq;= lsÍu" mqoa.,dka;r inò;d" kj fidhd.ekSï iy .fõIKh jeks j¾.Sh l=i,;d

- Rcq .=Kh" bjid ord isáfï Yla;sh iy udkj wNsudkhg .re lsÍu" jeks w.hhka

- Ñ;a;fõ.S nqoaêh

(III) mßirhg wod< ksmqK;d

fuu ksmqK;d idudðl ffcj iy fN!;sl mßirhg wod< fõ'

iudc mßirh : cd;sl Wreuhka ms<snò wjfndaOh" nyqjd¾.sl iudchl iudðlhka ùu yd iïnkaO ixfõ§;dj yd l=i,;d"idOdrK hqla;sh ms<snò ye`.Su" iudc iïnkaO;d" fm!oa.,sl p¾hdj" idudkH yd ffk;sl iïm%odhhka"whs;sjdislï" j.lSï" hq;=lï iy ne`§ï

ffcj mßirh : iÔú f,dalhl" ck;dj iy ffcj moaO;sh" .ia je,a" jkdka;r" uqyqo" c,h" jd;h iy Ôjh - Ydl" i;a;ajyd ñksia Ôú;hg iïnkaO jQ wjfndaOh" ixfõoS nj yd l=i,;d

fN!;sl mßirh : wjldYh" Yla;sh" bkaOk" øjH" NdKav iy ñksia ðú;hg tajdfha we;s iïnkaO;dj" wdydr" we`ÿï" ksjdi"wjfndaOh" ixfõÈ;dj yd l=i,;dj

bf.kSu" jev lsÍu iy Ôj;a ùu iòyd fuj,ï iy ;dlaIKh m%fhdackhg .ekSfï l=i,;d fuys wvx.= fõ'

iv

(IV) jev f,dalhg iqodkï ùfï ksmqK;d

wd¾Ól ixj¾Okhg odhl ùu;u jD;a;Sh <eÈhd iy wNsfhda.H;d y`ÿkd .ekSuyelshdjkg iß,k whqßka /lshdjla f;dard .ekSu iyjdisodhl yd ;srir Ôjfkdamdhl ksr; ùuhk yelshdjka Wmßu lsÍug yd Odß;dj jeä lsÍug wod< fiajd kshqla;sh yd iïnkaO l=i,;d

(V) wd.u iy iodpdr O¾uhkag wod< ksmqK;d

mqoa.,hkag ;u ffoksl Ôú;fha § wdpdr O¾u" iodpdrd;aul yd wd.udkql+, yeisßï rgdjkag wkq.; fjñka jvd;a WÑ; foa f;dard thgiß,k fia lghq;= lsÍu iòyd w.hhka Wlyd .ekSu yd iaùhlrKh

(VI) l%Svdj iy úfõlh m%fhdackhg .ekSfï ksmqK;d

fi!kao¾hh" idys;Hh" fi,a,ï lsÍu" l%Svd yd u,, l%Svd" úfkdaodxY yd fjk;a ks¾udKd;aul Ôjk rgdjka ;=<ska m%ldY jk úfkdaoh" i;=g"wdfõ. iy tjka udkqIsl w;aoelSï

(VII) "bf.kSug bf.kqu" ms<snò ksmqK;d

YS>%fhka fjkia jk ixlS¾K yd tlsfkld u; hefmk f,dalhl mßj¾;k l%shdj,shla yryd fjkiaùï yiqrejd .ekSfï § yd Bg ixfõ§ j

yd id¾:l j m%;spdr oelaùu;a iajdëk j bf.k .ekSu;a iòyd mqoa.,hkag Yla;sh ,nd §u'

Y%S ,xldfõ idudkH wOHdmkh ms<sn| cd;sl m%;sm;a;s rduqjla i|yd fhdackd cd;sl wOHdmk fldñIka iNdj ^2003 foieïn¾&

v

.Dy wd¾Ól úoHdj

úIh wruqKq

^1& ksjerÈ fmdaIK mqreÿ wkq.ukh lrñka fi!LH iïmkak Èú meje;aula ,nd .ekSu i|yd wjYH ±kqu" wdl,am yd l=i,;d

ixj¾Okh lr .ekSu'

^2& mq¿,a /lshd fjf<| fmd<g id¾:l f,i wkq.; ùfï yelshd iys; udkj iïm;a ìys lsrSu'

^3& wka;¾ mqoa., in|;d j¾Okh lr .ksñka Ôú;fha wNsfhda.d;aul wjia:dj,g id¾:l j uqyqK §ug wjYH wd;au

úYajdih yd wd;au wNsudkh f.dvk.d .ekSu'

^4& fjkia jk wd¾Ól iudÔh yd ;dlaIKsl mßirhla ;=< mdßfNda.sl yd jHjidhl;aj ksmqK;d ixj¾Okhg yd Ndú;hg

wjYH l=i,;d m%.=K lsÍu'

^5& iajNdj O¾uh yd mqoa.,hd w;r we;s wfkHdakH iïnkaO;dj" cd;sl yd f.da,Sh mdßißl .eg¨ wOHhkh lrñka ;sridr

f,i iïm;a Ndú; l< yels wdldrhg Ôjk rgdj yev .id .ekSu'

vi

12 fY%aKsh 13 fY%aKsh

tla tla ksmqK;dj i|yd fhdað; ld,Éfþo

ksmqK;dj

1' m%Yia; Ôjk mßirhla we;s lsÍu i|ydie,iqï ilia lrhs'

2' mqoa., hy meje;au i|yd fmdaIHÞhS wdydrmßfNdackh lrhs'

3' YS% ,xldfõ fmdaIK W!k;d yd wêfmdaIK;;a;aj y÷kdf.k tajd je<elaùug l%uúê ie,iqï lrhs'

4' úúO wjYH;d yd wjia:d i|yd wdydrfõ,a ie,iqï lr ms<s.kajhs'

5' úúO wjYH;d iy wjia:d mokï lr.ksñka ks¾udKYS,S j wdydr ms<sfh, lrms<s.kajhs'

6' YS% ,xldfõ frÈms<s yd weÕ¨ï l¾udka;hms<sn| úu¾Ykh lrñka úúO wjYH;di|yd frÈms<s ks¾udKhg Þhl fjhs'

7' mqoa., wjYH;d i|yd iqÿiq frÈ j¾.f;dard f.k Wiia ;;a;ajfha we÷ïksIamdokh lsÍfï yelshdj m%o¾Ykh lrhs'

tl;=j

ld,Éfþo

40

22

16

32

102

38

50

300

ksmqK;dj

8' ksjerÈ ikaksfõokh yd wjia:dkql+, jfmkS isàu u.ska wka;¾ mqoa., iïnkaO;dj¾Okh lr .ksñka wNsfhda. ch .kshs'

9' fhda.H ;dlaI‚l l%u Wmfhda.S lrf.k.=Kd;aul f,i wdydr mßrlaIKh lrhs'

10' úfõl ld,h M,odhS j .; lsÍug ydixpdrl l¾udka;fha kshe,Su i|yd wjYHksmqK;d m%.=K lrhs'

11' ffoksl lghq;= i|yd iemfhk fiajdjkal<ukdlrKh lrhs'

12' iïm;a m%Yia; f,i mßfNdackh lrñkamßir ys;ldó Ôjk rgdjla wkq.ukhlsÍfï iQodku m%o¾Ykh lrhs'

13' kj fhdjqka úfha ixj¾Okfha iajNdjhúuiñka fm!reIh ixj¾Okh lr.kshs'

14' id¾:l f,i iq¿ mßudK jHdmdrhlaie,iqï lsÍug wjYH jHjidhl;ajl=i,;d m%o¾Ykhlrhs'

tl;=j

ld,Éfþo

40

40

46

54

40

38

42

300

vii

12 yd 13 fY%aKs i|yd tla tla jdrhg kshñ; ksmqK;d uÜgï

fY%aKsh jdrh ksmqK;d uÜgï

1 jdrh 1'1" 1'2" 1'3" 1'4" 1'5" 1'6" 2'1" 2'2" 2'3" 3'1" 3'2" 4'1" 4'2" 4'3

12 fY%aKsh 2 jdrh 4'4" 4'5" 5'1" 5'2" 5'3" 5'4" 5'6" 5'7" 5'8"

3 jdrh 5'9" 6'1" 6'2" 6'3" 7'1" 7'2" 7'3" 7'4" 7'5

1 jdrh 8'1" 8'2" 8'3" 8'4" 8'5" 9'1" 9'2" 9'3" 10'1" 10'2" 10'3

13 fY%aKsh 2 jdrh 10'4" 10'5" 11'1" 11'2" 11'3" 12'1" 12'2

3 jdrh 12'3" 13'1" 13'2" 13'3" 13'4" 14'1" 14'2" 14'3

viii

ksmqK;dj ksmqK;d uÜgu úIh wka;¾.;h ld,ÉfþoixLHdj

bf.kqï M,

1

1' m%Yia; Ôjkmßirhla we;slsÍu i|ydie,iqï ilialrhs'

1'1 m%Yia; Ôjk mßirhl úúOwx. úu¾IKh lrhs'

1'2 f.dvke.s,s yd ks¾ñ; mßirks¾udKlrKfha §Wmfhda.s;d idOl Ndú;lsÍfï l=i,;d m%o¾Ykhlrhs'

1'3 k s¾udKlrKfh a u Q, slidOl" uQ,sldx. yd uQ,O¾uwkq.ukh lrñkaf.dvke.s,s yd wjg mßirks¾udKlrKfha fhfohs'

² Ôjk mßirh ye¢kaùu² fN!;sl mßirh² iudc mßirh

² fN!;sl Ôjk mßir² f.dvke.s,s yd N+ o¾Yk ks¾udKh² wNHka;r wjldY ks¾udKh² .%dóh ydkd.ßl mßir ks¾udKh

² ks¾udKlrKfha Wmfhda.s;d idOl² wkql+,;ajh² l,d;aul nj² mj;sk ld, wjldY ks¾Kh lsÍu yd

ks¾Kdhlhkag .e<mSu² ieleiau yd msysàu² m%udKh yd iudkqmd;sl nj² jákdlï moaO;sh

² ks¾udKlrKfha uQ,sl idOl² ixl,amh² Ndú;h yd Ndú; lrkakka² ikao¾Nh

² fN!;sl mßirh^N+ñfha iajNdjh" foaY.=Kh&

² iudc foaYmd,ksl yd ixialD;slmßirh

² wd¾Ól mßirh

04

04

10

² Ôjk mßirh y÷kajhs'² m %Yi a; Ôjk mßirh

úia;r lrhs'² fN!;sl Ôjk mßirh yd

iudc Ôjk mßirh fjkalr y÷kd .kshs'

² úúO fN!;sl Ôjk mßirkï lrhs'

² Ôjk mßir ks¾udKfhajeo.;alu meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² mdßißl ks¾udKlrKfhaWmfhda.s;d idOl y÷kajhs'

² f.dvke.s,s yd wjg mßirks¾udKlrKfha § i,ldne,sh hq;= Wmfhda.s;didOl úia;r lrhs'

² ks¾udKlrKfha uQ,slidOlhla f,i ixl,amhúia;r lrhs'

² mdßißl ks¾udKhlNdú;h iy Ndú;lrkakka meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² k s¾udKlrKfh a §ikao¾Nfha jeo.;aluúia;r lrhs'


bf.kqï M,

2

² ks¾udKlrKfha uQ,sldx. yd uQ,O¾u² uQ,sldx.

² f¾Ld² yevh² j¾Kh² jhkh

² uQ,O¾u² ;=,kh² ßoauh² wjOdrKh² tAlñ;sh² ifudaOdkh² iudkqmd;sl nj

² ks¾udKYS,S ixl,amSh t<Uqï² ;sridr nj

² yß; ixl,amh² ldnka md i,l=Kq ixl,amh

² fi!kao¾hd;aul nj² idïm%Þhsl nj² kQ;k;ajh Modernity&² mYapd;a kQ;k iïm%Þh

² ls%hdkqrEms nj Functionality&² ksjerÈ ls%hd iïnkaO;d² WÑ; nj² m%ñ;sh

06

² ks¾udKlrKfha uQ,sldx.yd uQ,O¾u fhdod f.kks¾udKlrKfha fhfohs'

² m%Yia; Ôjk mßirhlixl,am wdlD;shla ilialrhs'

² ks¾udKYS,S ixl,amSht<Uqï meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² ;sridr njfi!kao¾hd;aul nj ydls%hdkqrEms njks¾udKhl jákdlïf,i úia;r lrhs'

² ixl,amSh t<Uqï weiqrelr.ksñka ks¾udK f.dvk.hs'

1'4 f.dvke.s,s yd wjg mßirks¾udKfha § ixl,am Sht<Uqï idOl m%Yia; f,iNdú; lrñkaks¾udKYS,S;ajh m%o¾Ykhlrhs'


bf.kqï M,

3

² wNHka;r wjldY ks¾udKlrKh² .Dy NdKav yd WmlrK² ì;a;s" fmdf<dj" jy,h" iS,su² wdf,dallrKh

² Èjd wdf,dalh yeisr ùu² lD;s%u wdf,dalh ixúOdkh

² jd;dY%h² fjk;a Wmdx.

² ;sr frÈ² u,a ieliqï² .Dy wNHka;r Ydl² ueo ñÿ,² fmdl=Kq² Èh we,s

² ndysr wjldY ks¾udKlrKh² mßirh

² bvlv yd m%udKh² yev;, ks¾udKh² Odß;dj² Ydl j¾.² Wmdx.

² N+ o¾Ykh² iqug yd oDV N+ o¾Yk² ls%hdldrlug .e<mSu

² ixirKh² wlaIhka

² fN!;sl wlaIhka² oDYH wlaIhka

² wNHka;r wjldYy÷kajhs'

² wNHka;r wjldYfhaúúO wx. úia;r lrhs'

² iajNdúl wdf,dalh ydjd;dY%h Wmßuj ,efnkmßÈ fodr cfk,amsysgqùfï jeo.;aluidlÉPd lrhs'

² ks¾udKhkays § Wmdx.iqÿiq f,i fhdod .kakdwdldrh úia;r lrhs'

² wNHka;r wjldYks¾udKlrKfha úúOl%ufõohka m%dfhda.sl jw;ayÞ n,hs'

² ndysr wjldYks¾udKlrKh y÷kajhs'

² ndysr wjldYks¾udKlrKha §ie,lsh hq;= úúO idOlúia;r lrhs'

² N+ o¾Ykhl ls%hdkqrEmSnjg WÑ; w,xlrK l%uúuid n,hs'

² ndysr wjldY ie,iqï lsÍui|yd k s¾udKYS, S jWmfhda.S;djfhka hq;= kjks¾udK bÈßm;a lrhs'

1'5 ks¾udKYS,S nj" Wmfhda.S;dj"ks¾udKlrKfha uQ,sldx. ydu Q,O¾u hk ixl, amie,ls,a,g .ksñka wNHka;rwjldY ks¾udKlrK l=i,;dm%o¾Ykh lrhs'

1'6 ks¾udKYS,S nj" Wmfhda.S;dj"ks¾udKlrKfha uQ,sldx. ydu Q,O¾u hk ixl, amie,ls,a,g .ksñka ndysrwjldY ks¾udKlrK l=i,;dm%o¾Ykh lrhs'

10

06


bf.kqï M,

4

2' mqoa., hymeje;au i|ydfmdaIHÞhS wdydrmßfNdackh lrhs'

2'1 fmdaIH mÞ¾: ms<sn| ±kquNdú;fhka t Ajd wjYHm%udKhg wdydrfha wvx.= lr.kshs'

2'2 wdydr ldKavj, fmdaIKuhjákdlu y÷kd .ksñka ukdwdydr rgdjla f.dvk.d.kshs'

² fmdaIl² uyd fmdaIl

² ldfndayhsfâ%g² fm%daàk² ,smsv

² laIqø fmdaIl² úgñka² Lksc

² c,h² ;ka;=² uyd fmdaIl y÷kd .ekSfï mÍCIK² ksjerÈ wdydr mqreÿ² Y%s ,xldfõ cd;sl fmdaIK m%;sm;a;sh

² wdydr ldKav² OdkH yd OdkH ksIamdok² w, j¾. iy fjk;a msIaGuh wdydr² t<j¿ yd m,d j¾.² m,;=re² uia" ud¿" ì;a;r iy udI fNda.² lsß iy lsß ksIamdok² f;,a" f;,a nyq, îc j¾." iSks

² m%Odk fmdaIlj, ixhq;shyd jH Qyh ieflúkameyeÈ,s lrhs'

² tla tla fmdaIlh wvx.=wdydr j¾. ,ehsia;= .;lrhs'

² fmdaIl YÍrh ;=< bgqlrk lD;Hh úia;r lrhs'

² ridhksl mÍlaIK u.skauyd fmdaIl y÷kd .kshs'

² c,h yd ;ka;= wjYHm%udKhg wdydrfha wvx.=lr .ekSfï jeo.;aluúia;r lrhs'

² fmd aIH mÞ¾: m s< sn|yeoEÍfuka hym;a wdydrmqreÿ f.dvk.d .kshs'

² Y%s ,xldfõ cd;sl fmdaIKm%;sm;a;sh y\qkajhs'

² wdydr øjH úúOldKavj,g j¾. lrhs'

² úúO ldKavj,g wh;awdydr i|yd WÞyrKimhhs'

² wdydr fõ,la ;=< úúOldKavj,g wh;a wdydrwvx. = lr .ekSfïjeo.;alu meyeÈ,s lrhs'

10

04


bf.kqï M,

5

3'0 YS% ,xldfõfmdaIK W!k;dyd wêfmdaIK;;a;ajy÷kdf.k tajdje<elaùug l%uúê ie,iqï lrhs'

2'3 mßfNdackh lrkq ,nkwdydr isrer ;=< § Ô¾Kh ydwjfYdaIKh jk wdldrhúuid n,hs'

3'1 YS% ,xldfõ fmdaIK W!k;dms<sn| f;dr;=re úu¾Ykhlrhs'

² udkj wdydr Ô¾K moaO;sh² ye¢kaùu² jHqyh² lD;Hh

² wdydr Ô¾Kh yd wjfYdaIKh² ye¢kaùu² ldfndayhsfâ%g² fm%daàk² fïo iy f;,a

² úgñka iy Lksc² wjfYdaIKh flfrys n,mdk

idOl

² YS% ,xldfõ m%Odk fmdaIK W!k;d² ÿIafmdaIKh

² ye¢kaùu² ÿIafmdaIK wdldr

² wêfmdaIKh² ia:q,;dj² foayfha yevh

² ukaofmdaIKh² ld,Sk ukaofmdaIKh² ;S%jq ukaofmdaIKh

² laIqø fmdaIl W!k;d² hlv² úgñka A

² udkj wdydr Ô¾K moaO;shy÷kajhs'

² tys jHqyh rEm igykaweiqßka meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² Ô¾Kh yd wjfYdaIKhy÷kajhs'

² wdydrj, wvx.= fmdaIHmÞ¾:j, Ô¾Kh ydwjfYdaIKh isÿ jk whqreúia;r lrhs'

² i sref¾ meje; au iyls%hdldÍ;ajh i|yd wdydrfhawvx. = fmd aIH mÞ¾:wjfYdaIKfha jeo.;aluúia;r lrhs'

² úgñka iy Lk scwjfYd aIKh flfrysn,mdk idOl úia;r lrhs'

² YS% ,xldfõ fmdaIK W!k;dy÷kajhs'

² fmd aIK W!k;diïnkaOfhka YS% ,xldfõj¾;udk ;;a;ajh meyeÈ,slrhs'

² ÿIafmdaIKh y÷kajhs'² wêfmd aIKh yd

ukaofmd aIKh m s< sn|f;dr;+re /ialrhs'

² CIqø fmdaIl W!k;d úia;rlrhs'

08

08


bf.kqï M,

6

4' úúO wjYH;d ydwjia:d i|ydwdydr fõ,aie,iqï lrms<s.kajhs'

3'2 fmdaIK W!k;d je<elaùugl%u úê ie,iqï lrhs'

4'1 ffoksl fmdaIK wjYH;die,ls,a,g .ksñka mjqf,awdydr fõ,a ie,iqï lrhs'

4'2 ÿIafmdaIKfhka fmf<kakkagfhda.H wdydr fõ,a ie,iqïlrhs'

² whäka² le,aishï² iskala

² Yßr ialkaO o¾Ylh

² fmdaIK W!k;d je<elaùu² we;s ùug fya;=² je<elaùu

² ksjerÈ wdydr mqreÿ² ksjerÈ Ôjk rgd

² iïnkaO jk wdh;k² rdcH² rdcH fkd jk² isú,a ixúOdk

² wdydr fõ,a ie,iqï lsÍfï §² mjqf,a ffoksl wdydr fõ,a

² ks¾foaYs; fmdaIK wjYH;d igyk² fmdaIK j.+j² wdydr msrñvh yd ms.dk

² wdfoaY wdydr fõ,a² Ôjk pl%fha úúO wjê i|yd wdydr

fõ,a

² fhda.H wdydr fõ,a ie,iqï lsÍu² fhda.H wdydr² md,kh l< hq;= wdydr² kqiqÿiq wdydr

² Yßr ialkaO o¾Ylh ydfoayfha yevh .Kkh lrhs'

² fmdaIK W!k;d we;s ùugfya;= meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² fmdaIK W!k;d j,lajd.ekSug .; hq;= mshjridlÉPd lrhs'

² fmdaIK W!k;d j,lajd.ek Sug iïnkaO jkwdh;k ,ehsia;= .; lrhs'

² wdydr fõ,a ie,iqï lsÍfï§ie,lsh hq;= lreKq bÈßm;alrhs'

² Woh wdydr fõf,ajeo.;alu idlÉPd lrhs'

² ffoksl fmdaIK wjYH;die,ls,a,g .ksñka ;=,s;wdydr fõ,a ie,iqï lrhs'

² ÿIafmdaIKh md,kh lsÍui|yd fNdack rgdj fjkialsÍfï jeo.;alu úia;rlrhs'

² ÿIafmdaIKfhkafmf,kakkag fhda.Hwdydr fõ,a ie,iqï lrhs'

08

08

08


bf.kqï M,

7

4'3 fnda fkd jk frda.j,g ydwdydr Ô¾K moaO;sh wdYs%;frda.j,g ,la ù we;s frda.Skai|yd wdydr fõ,a ie,iqïlrhs'

4'4 úúO W;aij i|yd fndcqkam;a ie,iqï lrhs'

² fnda fkd jk frda. yd wdydr Ô¾KmoaO;sh wdY%s; frda.^wê reêr mSvkh" yDo frda." Èhjeähdj"wdudYhsl m%odyh" u, noaOh&² frda. ye¢kaùu² frda.j,g fya;=

² md,kh l< hq;= wdydr² kqiqÿiq wdydr² fhda.H wdydr

² ixialD;sl W;aij² w¨;a wjqreÿ W;aijh² §mdj,S W;aijh² ff;fmdx.,a W;aijh² rduidka W;aijh² k;a;,a W;aijh

² úfYaI W;aij² ux., W;aij² Wmka Èk W;aij² mdi,a W;aij

² fndcqka m;a ie,iqï lsÍfï § ie,lshhq;= lreKq

² ksjerÈ fNdack rgdjlawkq.ukh fkd lsÍfukaúúO frda. j,g f.dÿreùfï we;s wjodku úia;rlrhs'

² fnda fkd jk frda.j,gn,mdk úúO fya;= meyeÈ,slrhs'

² frd a. md,kh lsÍugwdydr rgdfõ fuka uÔjk rgdfõ fjkialïwe;s lsÍug ls%hd;aul fjhs'

² fnd a fkdjk frd a. S;;a;ajj, § ,nd §ugfhda.H wdydr f;darhs'

² úúO frda.S ;;a;ajj, §,nd §ug fhda.H wdydrfõ,a ie,iqï lrhs'

² úúO W;aij wjia:d i|ydfhda.H wdydr f;darhs'

² W;aij wjia:d i|ydfhd a.H wdydr fõ,aie,iqï lrhs'

² ks¾udKYS,S j kj wdydrfõ, a ie,iqï l sÍfïl=i,;d m%o¾Ykh lrhs'

08

08


bf.kqï M,

8

5'1 .=Kd;aul núka hq;= j wdydrm si Su i|yd wdrl aI s;mßirhla ks¾udKh lr.kshs'

5'2 wdydr msiSu i|yd wjYH øjHiQÞkï lr .ekSfï l=i,;dm%o¾Ykh lrhs'

² ikSmdrlaIdj i|yd mú;%;dj² fm!oa.,sl mú;%;dj² mdßißl mú;%;dj

² uq¿;ekaf.h² WmlrK

² wdydr mú;%;dj² laIqø Ôùka² ridhk øjH² fN!;sl øjH

² uq¿;ekaf.hs wdrlaIdj² .skaor² WmlrK mßyrKh² m%:udOdr

² wdydr øjH² OdkH j¾.² udI fnda.² uia j¾.² ud¿ j¾.² ì;a;r² lsß yd lsß wdYs%; ksIamdok² t<j¿" m,;=re² fjk;a

² msá j¾.² meiagd" kQQâ,aia j¾.² fpdla,Ü

² wdydr ñ,§ .ekSfï § ie,lsh hq;= lreKq² .=Kd;aul nj² m%udKd;aul nj² ñ,

5' úúO wjYH;d iywjia:d mokï lr.ksñkaks¾udKYS,S jwdydr ms<sfh, lrms<s.kajhs'

² wdydr ms<sfh, lsÍfï §fm!oa.,sl yd mdßißlmú;%;djfha jeo.;aluúia;r lrhs'

² uq¿;ekaf.hs WmlrK ydøjH wdrlaIs; j yiqrejhs'

² wjYH wjia:dj, § ,ndÈh hq;= m%:udOdr ms<sn|meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² wdydr øjHj, .+Kdx.y÷kd .kshs'

² ;d¾lsl j wdydr øjHñ,§ f.k tAjd ksjerÈ j.nvd lsÍug mqyqKq fjhs'

² wdl,k øjH tl;+lsÍfï§ ud;%fõ jeo.;aluidlÉPd lrhss'

² l=¿nvq ñY%K ilia lsÍfïúúO l%u w;ayÞ n,hs'

² wdydr j¾.j,g l=¿nvqtl;= lsÍfï úúO l%uidlÉPd lrhs'

06

08


bf.kqï M,

9

5'3 wdydr msiSfï úúO l%u w;ayÞn,hs'

² wdydr .nvd lsÍu² wuq øjH² msiQ øjH

² l=¿nvq² l=¿nvq ñY%K yd wdl,k øjH iliaalr .ekSu

² mßrlaIlldrl² moïldrl² iqj| ldrl² rildrl² Wl=ldrl² uDÿldrl² wï,ldrl² msmqïldrl² j¾K ldrl

² Y%S ,dxlsl wdydrj,g l=¿ nvq ñY% lsÍfïl%u

² msiSfï l%u² f;;a ;dmfhka msiSu² úh<s ;dmfhka msiSu² WKq fïofhka msiSu

² msiSfï úúO l%u úia;rlrhs'

² wjYH;djg yd wdydrj¾.hg wkqj iqÿiq msiSfïl%u f;darhs'

² ksjreÈ mshjr wkq.ukhlrñka msiSfï úúO l%uw;ayÞ n,hs'

18


bf.kqï M,

10

5'4 úfYaaIs; wjia:d i|yd fhda.Hm%Odk yd msßjereï wdydrj¾. ilia lrhs'

5'5 úfYaI wjia:d i|yd iq¿ lEuj¾. ilia lrhs'

5'6 úfYaI wjia:d i|yd flalaj¾. iy rileú,s j¾.ilia lrhs'

² wjia:djg WÑ; f,im%Odk wdydr iy msßjereïwdydr f;darhs'

² úúO Y s, am Sh l %uwkq.ukh lrñka m%Odkwdydr iy msßjereï wdydrilia lrhs'

² ks¾udKYS,S j úúO;ajfhkahq;= wdydr j¾. ms<sfh,lsÍu w;ayÞ n,hs'

² wjia:djg WÑ; f,i iq¿lEu j¾. kïlrhs'

² .=Kd;aul núka hq;= j iq¿lEu j¾. ilia lsÍfï l%uúia;r lrhs'

² úúO Y s, am Sh l %uwkq.ukh lrñka iq¿ lEuj¾. ilia lrhs'

² kj w;ayÞ ne,Sïj, ksr;fjhs'

² flala iy ri leú,s iE§ui|yd wjYH wuqøjH f;darhs'

² m%Odk wdydr² ly n;a² nqßhdks² t<j¿ n;a² fmdx.,a n;a² kdisf.dfrka² Wmamqud

² msßjereï wdydr² úfYaI jExck² wÉpdre² fudacq² iagq² fpdmais² pÜks

² fIdaÜ l%iaÜ fmaiaá%h wdY%s; iq¿ lEu² m*a fmaiaá%h wdY%s; iq¿ lEu² IQ fmaiaá%h wdY%s; iq¿ lEu² mdka msá fuda,sh wdY%s; iq¿ lEu² Èhdre msá fuda,sh wdY%s; iq¿ lEu² iekaâúÉ j¾.

² flala j¾.² ng¾ flala² udn,a flala² ßnka flala² rg b¢ flala

16

18

12


bf.kqï M,

11

5'7 wdydr fõ,a i|yd i,do j¾.ms<sfh, lrhs'

5'8 úfYaI wjia:d i|yd úúOw;=remi j¾. iy mdk j¾.ilia lrhs'

² k sjerÈ l %u Y s, amwkq.ukh lrñka flalaj¾. iy leú,s j¾.ms<sfh, lrhs'

² ks¾udKYS,S j úúO;ajfhkahq;= flala j¾. ms<sfh,lsÍfï mqyqKqj ,nhs'

² whsisx j¾. Ndú;fhkaflala úis;=re lrhs'

² i,do j¾. i|yd wjYHwuqøjH f;dard .kshs'

² WÑ; l%u Ys,am wkq.ukhlrñka úúO i,do j¾.ms<sfh, lrhs'

² WÑ; i,do jeiqï j¾.ms<sfh, lrhs'

² úfYaI wdydr fõ,a i|ydfhda.H w;=remi yd mdkj¾. f;dard .kshs'

² w;=remi yd mdk j¾.ieliSfï ksjerÈ l%u Ys,amwkq.ukh lrhs'

² wuqøjH yd ieliSfïl%u fjkia lrñkaúúO;ajfhka hq;= w;=remi yd mdk j¾. ilialrhs'

² flala úis;=re lsÍfï l%u² whsisx j¾.

² ri leú,s j¾.² lejqï² fldlsia² w¨jd² je,s ;,m² fmd,a fgdms² ,âvq² flaiÍ

² i,do ms<sfh, lsÍfï l%u² wuqøjH f;aÍu² jeiqï ilia lsÍu

² w;=remi yd mdk j¾.² w;=remi

² ye¢kaùu² .=Kd;aul njg n,mdk idOl² ms<sfh, lsÍfï l%u

² YS;kh² jdIam Ndú;h² fíla lsÍu

² mdk j¾.² ye¢kaùu² .=Kd;aul njg n,mdk idOl² ms<sfh, lsÍfï l%u

06

10


bf.kqï M,

12

5'9 úúO wjYH;d iywjia:djkag WÑ; f,iwdydr ms<s.kajhs'

6'1 frÈm s< s yd weÕ¨ïl¾udka;fha úldYh ms<sn|úu¾Ykh lrñka wkd.;hi|yd fhdackd bÈßm;a lrhs'

² w;=re mi yd mdk j¾.j,.=Kd;auhg n,mdk idOlidlÉPd lrhs'

² l%udkql+,j wdydrms<s.ekaùfï we;sjeo.;alu úia;r lrhs'

² úúO ixialD;sl W;aijj,§ yd úfYaI W;aijwjia:djkay s § fhdod.kakd wdydr ms<s.ekaùfïl%u Ys,am m%o¾Ykh lrhs'

² fro sm s< s yd weÕ¨ïl¾udka;h y`ÿkajhs'

² tys jeo.;alu úia;rlrhs'

² o< foaYSh ksIamdokhgfro sm s< s yd weÕ¨ïl¾udka;fha odhl;ajhw.hhs'

² WKqiqï mdk j¾.² f;a" fldams

² YS; l< mdk j¾.² m,;=re îu² *Ævd² ,eiS² YS; l< fldams

² úúO ixialD;sl W;aijj, § wdydrms<s.ekaùu² w¨;a wjqreÿ W;aijh² ff;fmdx.,a W;aijh² rduidka W;aijh² k;a;,a W;aijh

² úfYaI W;aij² ux., W;aij² Wmka Èk W;aij² mdi,a W;aij

² ye¢kaùu² weÕ¨ï l¾udka;fha jeo.;alu² tys úldYh yd j¾;udk ;;a;ajh

² o< foaYSh ksIamdokhg Þhl;ajh² /lshd kshqla;sh² wdY%s; l¾udka;² wkd.; m%jK;d

6' YS% ,xldfõfrÈms<s ydweÕ¨ïl¾udka;h ms<sn|úu¾Ykhlrñka úúOwjYH;d i|ydfrÈms<sks¾udKhg Þhlfjhs'

08

04


bf.kqï M,

13

6'2 ksñ we÷ï l¾udka;fha úúOls %hdj, s úuid n,ñka.=Kd;aul ;;a;ajfha ksñwe÷ï ksI amdokh i|ydie,iqï ilia lrhs'

6'3 úúO .Dyms< s i|yd m sßie,iqï ilia lrks¾udKlrKfha fhfohs'

² ksñ we÷ï l¾udka;fhaúúO mshjr meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² by< .=Kd;aufhka hq;=k sñ we÷ï ksI amdokhi|yd tla tla mshjfrysjeo.;alu idlÉPd lrhs'

² ksñ we÷ï l¾udka;fha §fhdod .kakd úúO jd‚cueyqï l%u meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² ksu lsÍfï jd‚c Ys,amShl%u úia;r lrhs'

² .Dyms<s y÷kajhs'² .Dyms<s i`oyd msß ie,iqï

ilia lsÍfï wjYH;djúia;r lrhs'

² .Dyms<s i|yd wjYH msßie,iqu ilia lrhs'

² .Dy ms<s i|yd wjYH øjHyd WmlrK ksjerÈ jf;dard .kshs'

² úúO ueyqï l%u ueiSfïksr; fjhs'

² fhda.H ueyqï l%u Ndú;lrñka kj .Dyms<s ilialrhs'

² fudaia;r ks¾udKh² msß ie,iqï ksmehqu

^Product Development&

² m;frdï ks¾udKh^Pattern Making&

² udl¾ igyka ;eîu ^Marker making&

² frÈj, ;;a;aj mÍlaIdj^Fabric Quality Check&

² fros lemSu Cutting&

² ueiSu Sewing&

² ;;a;aj mÍlaIdj Quality checking&

² ksudj Finishing&

² weiqreïlrKh Packing&

² fhdod .kakd jd‚c ueyqï l%u² ksu lsÍfï jd‚c Ys,am l%u

² .Dyms<s² fïi frÈ² w;a msiakd² fïi orKq

² msß ie,iqï f.dvke.Su² m%udKh² yevh² fudaia;rh² j¾K .e,mqu² fhda.H frÈ yd wjfYaI øjH

² ueyqï l%u² uQ,sl ueyqï l%u² Ys,amSh ueyqï l%u

² n|k fh§u² f¾kao we,a,Su

10

24


bf.kqï M,

14

7'1 .=Kdx. úuiñka Ndú;hgfhda.H fl¢ j¾. y÷kd.kshs'

² fros ksIamdokhg fhdÞ.kq ,nk fl¢ j¾. lrolajhs'

² fl¢ iy kQ,a ksIamdokls%hdj,sfha uQ,sl mshjrúia;r lrhs'

² wkaúlaISh yd ms,siaiSfïl%u u.ska fl¢ y÷kd.kshs'

² fl¢j, .=Kdx. idlÉPdlrhs'

² úis;=re ueyqï l%u² n%iS,shka tïfn%dhsv¾² oïje,a ueiau² keá ueiau² ieàka ueiau

² frÈ ksIamdokhg fhdod .kakd fl¢ j¾.² iajdNdúl fl¢² w¾O lD;s%u mqk¾cks; fl¢² lD;s%u fl¢² úfYaIs; fl¢

² fl¢ ksIamdokh - uQ,sl mshjr² kQ,a ksIamdokh - uQ,sl mshjr² fl¢ y÷kd .ekSu

² ms,siaiSfï mÍlaIK² wkaúlaISh mÍlaIK

² fl¢ j, .=Kdx.² fN!;sl idOl

² c, wjfYdaIl;dj² ;dmfha n,mEu² ysret<sfha n,mEu² mú;% lsÍfï myiqj

² ridhksl idOl² úrxckh lsÍu² idhï flfrys olajk wdl¾YKh

² Ôj úoHd;aul idOl² laIqø Ôùkaf.a n,mEu

7' mqoa., wjYH;di|yd iqÿiq frÈj¾. f;dard f.kWiia ;;a;ajfhawe÷ï ksIamdokhlsÍfï yelshdjm%o¾Ykh lrhs'

08


bf.kqï M,

15

7'2 frÈ ksIamdokh i|yd Ndú;jk úúO l%u úu¾Ykh lrhs'

7'3 frÈ iy ksñ we÷ïj,.=Kd;aul nj jeä ÈhqKqlsÍu i|yd fhdod .kakd;dlaI‚l l%u úu¾Ykhlrhs'

² k sI amdokh lr we;swdldrh wkqj frÈ j¾. lrolajhs'

² ksheÈ tl;=jla ilialrñka úúO frÈ j¾.y÷kd .kshs'

² frÈ yd ksñ we÷ïj,.=Kd;aul ;;a;ajh jeäÈhqKq lsÍfï jeo.;aluúia;r lrhs'

² .=Kd;aul nj jeä ÈhqKqlsÍug fhdod .kakd úúOl%u meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² .=Kd;aul nj jeä ÈhqKqlrk ,o frÈ iy we÷ïms<sn| j f;dr;=re bÈßm;alrhs'

² úfYaI wjia:dj, § mqoa.,wdrlaIdj i|yd Ndú;lrk frÈ yd we÷ï ms<sn|ir, j úia;r lrhs'

² frÈ j¾.² úhk ,o frÈ

² uQ,sl úhuka² pdï úhuka rgd² ySß úhuka rgd² ieáka úhuka rgd

² f.d;k ,o frÈ² yria f.;=u - à I¾Ü" fïia² Èla f.;=u - msysKqï we÷ï

² fkd úhk ,o frÈ² f*,aÜ lsÍu² ne£u² ,eñfkaáka lsÍu

² fkdáx - ud¨ ±,a" uelarï

² frÈ ms<s i|yd ksudjka² .=Kd;aul nj jeäÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd

² f l ¢ ms, si ai Su - Singeing² le| yrKh- Desizing² úrxckh lsÍu - Bleaching² u, yrKh- Scouring² uire lsÍu² iqj myiq ksudj - Comfort

treatment² úfYaI wjia:dj,§ Ndú; lsÍug

² c,frdaOl ksudj - Water proofing² .sksfrdaOl ksudj - Fire proofing² nelaàrshd kdYl ksudj- Anti

bacterial finishing² iekamrhsiska - Sanforizing

² ksñ we÷ï i|yd² úrxckh² je,s lvois Ndú;h (Sanding)

06

08


bf.kqï M,

16

7'4 ksjerÈ j m;frdï ilidflá idh iy lñihks¾udKh lrhs'

7'5 mqoa., wjYH;djhka i|ydfrÈ iy we÷ï w,xlrKhlsÍfï yelshdj m%o¾Ykhlrhs'

² m¾uex.fkaÜ biSu u.ska úrxckh² je,s biSu (Sand blasting)² tkaihsï fia§u (Enzyme wash)

² wdrlaIdldÍ l%u² fjä fkd jÈk ksudj² ridhksl øjHj,g Tfrd;a;= fok

ksudj² kHIaál úlsrKj,g Tfrd;a;= fok

ksudj

² m;frdï ks¾udKh² flá idh² lñih

² lemSu² ueiSfï ls%hdj,sh² weÕ,d ksrjoH;dj mÍlaId lsÍu² ksu lsÍu

² frÈ u;=msg fudaia;r .ekaùu² wjYH;dj

² fudaia;r .ekaùfï l%u² uqøKh

² wpspq uqøKh Block printing&² isÿre rduq uqøKh Stencil printing&² ;sr rduq uqøKh Screen printing&

² frd,¾ uqøKh (Roller printing) ² n;sla

² ksjerÈ j ñkqï ,nd .kshs'² ññ .Kkh lr j.=.;

lrhs'² flá idfh a m;frdu

ks¾udKh lrhs'² lñifha m;frdu

ks¾udKh lrhs'² m;frdï Ndú;fhka flá

idh yd lñih ksjerÈ jlmhs'

² ksjerÈ mshjr wkq.ukhlrñkaa flá idh ydlñih uihs'

² frÈ fudaia;r .ekaùfïwjYH;dj meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² frÈ yd we÷ï w,xlrKhlsÍfï l%u úia;r lrhs'

² frÈ yd we÷ï w,xlrKhlsÍfï ir, l%u w;ayÞn,hs'

² k s¾udKYS, S j we÷ïw,xlrKh lsÍfï úúOl%u bÈßm;a lrhs'

18

10


bf.kqï M,

17

8'1 k sjerÈ ikak sfõokfhafh§fï l=i,;dj m%o¾Ykhlrhs'

8'2 úúO wjia:dj,g WÑ; f,ifmkS i sàfï l =i,;djm%o¾Ykh lrhs'

² .eg m~q l%uh ² mska;dre lsÍu ² tïfn%dhsv¾ lsÍu

² wf;a ueiSu² uyk hka;%fhka ueiSu

² wdfrdamkh lsÍu

² ikaksfõokh² ye¢kaùu

² úúO ikaksfõok l%u² jdÑl² wjdÑl² ,sÅ;

² M,ÞhS ikaksfõokfha m%;s,dN² ksjerÈ ikaksfõokhg we;s ndOd² ikaksfõok udOHhla f,i ÿrl:kh

Ndú;h² l< hq;= oE² fkd l< hq;= oE

² WÑ; f,i fmkS isàfï jeo.;alu² WÑ; f,i fmkS isàfï § ie,lsh hq;=

lreKq² mqoa., ikSmdrlaIdj² we÷ï me<÷ïj, iajNdjh iy j¾K

² úúO wjia:dj,g WÑ; f,i fmkS isàu

² ikaksfõokh y÷kajhs'² úúO ikaksfõok l%u

meyeÈ,s lrhs'² M,ÞhS ikaksfõokfha

m%;sM, úia;r lrhs'² M,ÞhS f,i ikaksfõokh

i|yd ÿrl:kh fhdod.kakd wdldrh meyeÈ,slrhs'

² wjia:djg WÑ; f,ifmkS isàfï jeo.;aluúia;r lrhs'

² WÑ; f,i fmkS isàui|yd ie,ls,su;a úh hq;=lreKq f.k yer olajhs'

² úúO wjia:dj,g WÑ;f,i fmkS i sàfïl=i,;d m %dfhd a. sl jm%o¾Ykh lrhs'

8' ksjerÈikaksfõokh ydwjia:dkql+, jfmkS isàu u.skawka;¾ mqoa.,iïnkaO;dj¾Okh lr.ksñka wNsfhda.ch .kshs'

08

08


bf.kqï M,

18

8'3 wka;¾ mqoa., iïnkaO;dj¾Okh lr .ekSfï l=i,;dm%.=K lrhs'

8'4 iudc wdpdr O¾u y÷kd.ksñka t Ajd ksi s f,ims<sme§fï l=i,;d m%.=Klrhs'

² wka;¾ mqoa., inò;d yeòskaùu² yeòskaùu² jeo.;alu

² wka;¾ mqoa., inò;d ÈhqKq lr .ekSugwjYH l=i,;d² jdÑl ikaksfõokh² wjdÑl ikaksfõokh² ijka§u² .eg¨ úi£u² ;SrK .ekSu

² ndysr iudch iu. mqoa., inò;d j¾Okhlr .ekSu² l=i,;d y÷kd .ekSu yd j¾Okh² úYajdih yd ms%h ukdm nj² ksjerÈ ikaksfõokh² idrO¾u² iduqysl nj² .egqï úi|d .ekSu

² iudc wdpdr O¾u ye¢kaùu² úêu;a l%uh

² wdpdr lsÍu² uQ,sl ixjdoh f.dvke.Su² iuq.ekSu

² wúêu;a l%uh`

² wka;¾ mqo a., inò;dy÷kajhs'

² wka;¾ mqoa., inò;dj,jeo.;alu úia;r lrhs'

² wka;¾ mqoa., inò;d ÈhqKqlr .ekSug wjYH l=i,;dms<sn| j meyeos,s lrhs'

² ndysr iudch iuÕ wka;¾mqoa., in|;d j¾Okh lr.kakd wdldrh meyeÈ,slrhs'

² iudc wdpdr O¾uy÷kajhs'

² iudc wdpdr O¾um s< sme§fï jeo.; alumeyeÈ,s lrhs'

² iudc wdpdr O¾um s< sme§fï l =i,;djj¾Okh lr .k akdwdldrh úia;r lrhs'

² iudc wdpdr O¾uj,g.re lrhs'

08

08


bf.kqï M,

19

² wNsfhda. ch .ekSu ye¢kaùu² iïuqL mÍlaIKhl wruqKq² iïuqL mÍlaIKhg uqyqK §u

² wdh;kh ms<sn| ±kqj;a ùu² /lshdj yd lafIa;%h ms<sn| ±kqu² /f.k hk øjH² wkqudk m%Yak - ms<s;=re² iïuqL mÍlaIKhg uqyqK §u² miq úmru

² wdydr krla ùu² ye¢kaùu² wksis úmdl

² krla jQ wdydrhl ±lsh yels fjkialï² wdydr krla ùug n,mdk idOl

² wdydr mßrlaIKh² ye¢kaùu² jeo.;alu

² wdydr mßrlaIKfha uQ,O¾u² mßrlaIK l%u

² fN!;sl l%u² ridhksl l%u² ffcj ridhksl l%u² hdka;%sl l%u

² wNsfhda. y÷kajhs'² iïu qL mÍl aIKhlg

fmkS isàfï § ie,lsh hq;=lreKq meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² id¾:l f,i iïu qLmÍlaIKhlg uqyqK§fïl=i,;dj m%o¾Ykh lrhs'

² miq úmru i|yd iqÿiqiajhx we.hSfï m;%sldjlailia lrhs'

² wdydr krla ùu y÷kajhs'² wdydr krla ùfï wksis

úmdl úia;r lrhs'² wdydr krla ùug n,mdk

idOl meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² wdydr mßrlaIKhy÷kajhs'

² wdydr mßrl aIKfhauQ,O¾u úia;r lrhs'

² wdydr mßrlaIKhg fhdÞ.kakd l%u úia;r lrhs'

² úúO wdydr j¾.mßrlaIKh i|yd fhda.HmßrlaIK l%u fhdackdlrhs'

² wdydr mßrlaIKh lsÍfïúúO l%u w;ayÞ n,hs'

8''5 id¾:l f,i iïu qLmÍlaIKhlg uqyqK §fïyelshdj m%.=K lrhs'

9'1 wdydr krla ùug n,mdkidOl úu¾IKh lrhs'

9'2 iqÿiq mßrlaIK l%u fhdod.ksñka wdydr mßrlaIKfhakshef,a'

9' fhda.H ;dlaI‚ll%u Wmfhda.Slrf.k.=Kd;aul f,iwdydr mßrlaIKhlrhs'

08

08

16


bf.kqï M,

20

² .=Kd;aul nj jeä lsÍug fhdod .kakd;dlaI‚l l%u² wdydr ire lsÍu$ m%n, lsÍu² wdydr mßmQ¾Kh² wdl,k Ndú;h

² wdydr weiqreï lsÍu² wruqKq² úúO weiqreï øjH² f,an,a lsÍu

² úfõl ld,h ye¢kaùu² úfõl ld,h M,ÞhS j .; lsÍu ;=<ska

,efnk mqoa., jdis² ldhsl udkisl fi!LHh² mqoa., úNj;djka yd jákdlï² ks¾udKYS,S nj² ld, l<ukdlrKh² ikaksfõok l=i,;d² wd;au úYajdih iy wd;au wNsudkh² Ôjk ;;a;ajh² wka;¾ mqoa., iïnkaO;d

² úfõl ld,h M,ÞhS j fhdÞ.ekSfï §ie,ls,su;a úh hq;= lreKq² fmr ie,iqï² .eg¨ iy ndOl² úúO iy kjH ls%hdldrlï i|yd

fhduq ùu² M,ÞhS f;dr;=re Ndú;h² wdOHd;añl ixj¾Okh

9'3 wdydr mßrlaIKfh a §.=Kd;aul nj jeä ÈhqKql sÍug fhdod .kakd;dlaI‚l l%u úu¾IKhlrhs'

10'1 úfõl ld,h M,ÞhS j .;lsÍfuka ,efnk jdis úuidn,hs'

² .=Kd;aul nj jeä ÈhqKql sÍug fhdod .kakd;dlaI‚l l%u úia;rlrhs'

² wdydr weiqreï lsÍu i|ydfhda.H weiqreï øjH f;dard.kshs'

² wdydr weiqreï lsrSfï l%uúia;r lrhs'

² fhda.H f,an,a ks¾udKhlrhs'

² úfõl ld,h y÷kajhs'² úfõlh M,odh Sj .;

lsÍfuka ,efnk mqoa.,jdis úia;r lrhs'

² úfõlh M,ÞhSj .; lsÍui|yd ld,h uekúkal<ukdlrKh lrhs'

² ik ak sfõok l=i,;dj¾Okh lsÍu w.h lrhs'

² úfõlh M,odhS j fhdod.ekSfï § ie,ls,su;a úhhq;= lreKq úia;r lrhs'

² úfõl ld,h M,ÞhS j .;lsÍu i|yd fmr ie,iqïilia lrhs'

² wdOHd;añl ixj¾Okhi|yd úfõl ld,h M,odhSj fhdod .kshs'

10' úfõl ld,hM,odhS j .;lsÍug yd ixpdrll¾udka;fhakshe,Su i|ydwjYH ksmqK;dm%.=K lrhs'

16

05


bf.kqï M,

21

² úfõlh m%;sfudaokh i|yd fhdod .ekSu² ye¢kaùu

² m%;sfudaokh i|yd fhdod .kq ,nkls%hdldrlï j¾.SlrKh² ldhsl ls%hdldrlï² iudcSh ls%hdldrlï² l|jqre ne|Su yd t<suyka ls%hdldrlï² l,d Ys,amSh ls%hdldrlï² kdgHuh ls%hdldrlï² ix.S;uh ls%hdldrlï² fiajd ls%hdldrlï² PdhdrEmlrKh

² úfõlh m%;sfudaokh i|yd fhdod .ekSuflfrys n,mdk m%j¾Ok idOl² jeh l< yels wdodhu² jeh l< yels ld,h² ;dlaI‚l ÈhqKqj² wdl,am² myiqlï² iudcSh n,mEu² iqrlaIs;Ndjh yd ksoyi

² ixprKh ye¢kaùu² úfõl ld,h ixprKh i|yd fhdod

.ekSu ;=<ska ,efnk mqoa., yd iudÔhm%;s,dN² kj w;a±lSï yd u;lhka² ikaksfõok yelshdjka² wka;¾ mqoa., iïnkaO;d² wka;¾ ixialD;sl iïnkaO;d² mjqf,a iïnkaO;d

10'2 úfõlh m%;sfudaokh i|ydfhdod .ekSu ms‚i Wmfhda.Sjk ls%hdldrlï ms<sn| júuid n,hs'

10'3 úfõl ld,h ixprKhi|yd fhdÞ .kshs'

² úfõlh m %; sfud aokhi|yd fhdod .ek SfïwjYH;dj meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² úfõl ld,h M,ÞhS j .;lsÍug Wmfhd a. S jkls %hdldrlï j¾. lrolajhs'

² tla tla ls%hdldrlï i|ydWÞyrK bÈßm;a lrhs'

² ir, m %; sfud aokls %hdldrlï lsy smhlkshef,hs'

² m%;sfudaok l%shd m%j¾OkhlsÍu i|yd n,mdk idOlúia;r lrhs'

² úfõlh M,Þh Sjm %; sfud aokh i|ydfhdÞ.ekSfï wjia:d WÞlr .kshs'

² ixprKh ks¾jpkh lrhs'² ixprKh u.ska ,efnk

m%;s,dN úia;r lrhs'

10

05


bf.kqï M,

22

² ixprK m%jdy² ye¢kaùu² j¾.SlrKh² cd;Hka;r ixprKh

² wNHka;r fhduq .; ixprKh² msgia;r fhduq .; ixprKh²l,dmdka;r ixprKh²l,dm wNHka;r ixprKh

² foaYSh ixprKh² cd;sl ixprKh² wNHka;r ixprKh

² ixprKfha úúO m%fNao² fjr< ixprKh² ixialD;sl ixprKh² iajdNdjO¾u ixprKh² lDIsld¾ñl ixprKh² úl%udkaú; ixprKh² wd.ñl ixprKh² fi!LHh ixprKh² wOHdmksl ixprKh² mdßißl ixprKh

² ixpdrl l¾udka;fha ixúOdkh iyjHQyh² ye¢kaùu² m%jdykh² ixpdrl wdl¾IKh

² iajdNdúl² udkj ks¾ñ;² udkj md,s;

² kjd;eka myiqlï² j¾.SlrKh lrk ,o

10'4 ixprK m %jdyhka ydm%fNaohka úuid n,hs'

10'5 ixpdrl l¾udka;fh aixúOdkh yd jHQyh weiqßkaY % s ,xldfõ ixpdrll¾udka;h ms<sn| úu¾IKhlrhs'

² ixprK m%jdy y÷kajhs'² ixprK m%jdy ms< sn|

f;dr;=re /ia lrjd¾;djla ms<sfh, lrhs'

² ixprKfha úúO m%fNaoy÷kajhs'

² tla tla ixprK m%fNaofhawruqKq úia;r lrhs'

² ixpdrl l¾udka;hy÷kajhs'

² ixpdrl l¾udka;fhaixúOdkh iy jHQyhms<sn| f;dr;=re .e,Sïigyklska olajhs'

² ixpdrl l¾udka;fha

10

16


bf.kqï M,

23

² j¾.SlrKh fkd l<² wdfoaYl

² fNdackd.dr myiqlï² ixpdrl ksfhdað; wdh;k² Wmldrl fiajd

² uQ,H wdh;k² ikaksfõok fiajd² fi!LH yd ikSmdrlaIl fiajd² ixpdrl f;dr;=re fiajd² uyck wdrlaIdj² rdcH wdh;k

² Y%s ,xldfõ ixpdrl l¾udka;h² ye¢kaùu² b;sydih yd úldYh² ld,Sk m%jK;d² n,mEï

² wd¾Ól² iudchSh yd ixialD;sl² mdßißl

² c, l<ukdlrKh² c,h iSñ; iïm;la f,i

² mdkSh c,h² ffoksl ld¾hhka i|yd

² jeis c,h ksis f,i l<ukdlrKh² c,h fi!LHdrlaIs; f,i ixÑ; lsÍfï

l%u² wmc,h fhda.H f,i neyer lsÍu² m%ñ;s .; c, k< moaO;shl fldgia² c, ì,am; .Kkh lsÍu² cd;sl c, iemhqï msßjeh

m%j¾Okh i|yd ±kg YS%,xldfõ we;s myiqlïms<sn| meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² Y % s ,xldfõ ixpdrll¾udka;fha b;sydih"úldYh yd ld,Sk m%jK;dy÷kd.kshs'

² ixpdrl l¾udka;h ksidwe;súh yels wd¾Ól"iudÔh" ixialD;sl ydmdßißl n,mEï idlÉPdlrhs'

² ixpdrl l¾udka;fhakshe,Su i|yd we;s bvm%ia;d ms<sn| f;dr;=re/ialrhs'

² c,h iSñ; iïm;la f,itys jákdlu úYaf,aIKhlrhs'

² jeis c, ixrlaIKfhajeo.;alu meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² wm c,h fhda.H f,ineyer lsÍfï jeo.;alumeyeÈ,s lrhs'

² k sjerÈ j c, k<moaO;shla ks¾udKh lsÍuw;ayod n,hs'

11'1 ld¾hlaIu yd fi!LHdrlaIs;f,i c, l<ukdlrKhlrhs'

11' ffoksl lghq;=i|yd iemfhkfiajdjkal<ukdlrKhlrhs

20


bf.kqï M,

24

11'2 .Dyia: úÿ, s iemh qïmoaO;shla iy tys mßyrKhms<sn| úu¾Ykh lrhs'

11'3 .Dyia: ld¾hhka ld¾hlaIuj lr .ekSu i|yd úÿ,sYla;sh Wmfhda.S lr .kshs'

² k sj i l a i oy d úÿ, s i emh qu

² úÿ, sh y d i ï nk aO t Al l

² úÿ, s mßm: i y i ï nk aO f l dg i a

² úÿ, s mßy r K h

² f u j , ï

² wdr l aI l mQ¾f j damdh h k a

² úÿ, s ì , am; ms<sn | ±k qj ; a n j

² úÿ, s Yl a; sh l <u k dl r K h

² úoHq; a Yl a; s mßj ¾; k úÿ, s Wml r K

l sy smh l a y ÷k d . ek Su

² úÿ, s Wÿk y d f mdar K q

² l aI qø ; r x. Wÿk

² u , aá l =l ¾

² f r È f i daok h k a; %h

² r h si a l =l ¾

² í f , k av r h

² i a; s%l al h

² úÿ, s Wml r K h k af . a m%Yi a; Ndú; h

² ú l , am n , Yl a; s m%Nj

² i Q¾h f l daI

² Ôj j dh q

² l =v d mßu dK c , úÿ, s n , d. dr

² c, ì,am; .Kkh lrhs'² úoHq;a Yla;sh" úÿ,s iemhqu

yd wÞ< lreKq úia;r lrhs'² úÿ, sn, mo aO;sh yd

iïnkaO fldgia" tAjdfhald¾hhka meyeÈ,s lrhs'

² úÿ,sh yd iïnkaO tAllyd mdßNdI sl jpky÷kajhs'

² úÿ,s ì,amf;a wvx.= lreKqms<sn| j úuis,su;a fjhs'

² úÿ,sh wrmsßueiafukamßyrKh lsÍfï iQodkum%o¾Ykh lrhs'

² úÿ, s mßyrKfha §wdrl aIl m Q¾fjd amdhwkq.ukh lrhs'

² úÿ, s n,fhka úúOm%fhdack .; yels njm%ldY lrhs'

² úÿ,s WmlrK ksjerÈ j iym%Yia; f,i mßyrKhlrhs'

² WmlrKj, iy Ndú;lrkakdf.a wdrlaIdj ms<sn|ie,ls,su;a fjhs'

² iQ¾h fldaI yd Ôj jdhq jeksúl,am n,Yla;s uQ,dY%ms<sn| f;dr;=re bÈßm;alrhs'

11' ffoksl lghq;= i|yd iemfhk fia

16

18


bf.kqï M,

25

² iajNdúl iïm;a² ye¢kaùu² mqk¾ckkSh iïm;a² mqk¾ckkSh fkdjk iïm;a

² ;sridr iïm;a mßfNdackh² ye¢kaùu² jeo.;alu

² yß; mdßfNda.slhd² iïm;a wjNdú;h ksid we;sjk wNsfhda.

² yß;d.dr wdprKh² foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi

² wdydr md i,l=Kq ixl,amh² ye¢kaùu² Wml%u

² ldnksl f.dú;ek² ye¢kaùu² mshjr² jeo.;alu

² WoHdk f.dú;ek² ye¢kaùu² jeo.;alu

² cdk ;dlaIKh Ndú;fhka ksmojQ wdydr² ye¢kaùu

² ls%hdldß wdydr (functional foods)² ye¢kaùu² jeo.;alu

12' iïm;a m%Yia;f,i mßfNdackhlrñka mßirys;ldó Ôjkrgdjla wkq.ukhlsÍfï iQodkum%o¾Ykh lrhs'

12'1 iajNdúl iïm;a ;sridrf,i mßfNdackh lsÍugie,iqï lrhs'

12'2 .=Kd;aul núka hq;= wdydrmßfNd ackh lsÍugfm<fUhs'

² iajNdúl iïm;a mqk¾ckkShyd mqk¾ckkSh fkdjk f,ij¾. lrhs'

² ; sridr f,i iïm;amßfNdackfha jeo.;aluidlÉPd lrhs'

² yß; mdßfNda.slhd ixl,amhúia;r lrhs'

² mßirhg isÿjk n,mEu wjujk fia NdKav yd fiajdf;dard .kshs'

² iïm;a wjNdú;h k sidwe;sjk wNsfhda. yd tajduÕyrjd.; yels Wml%ums<sn| idlÉPd lrhs'

² wdydr md i,l=Kq wju lr.ekSug l%shd;aul fjhs'

² ldnksl f.dú;eka l%uhgfhdu q ùfï jeo.;aluidlÉPd lrhs'

² ldnksl f.dú;eka l%uhw;ayod n,hs'

² WoHdk w,xlrKfha §wdydruh fnda. fhdod .kshs'

² cdk ;dlaIKh Ndú;fhkak smojd we; s wdydr,ehsia;=.; lrhs'

² l s %hdldß wdydrj,jeo.;alu úia;r lrhs'

² mßirfha we;s T!Iëh Ydlms<sn| f;dr;=re /ia lrhs'

12

18


bf.kqï M,

26

² T!Iëh Ydl² ye¢kaùu² b;sydih² Ndú;h

² wmøjH l<ukdlrKh² >k wmøjH² øj wmøjH² jdhq wmøjH² ld¾ñl wmøjH

² m%;splS%lrKh² 3R ixl,amh

² kj fhdjqka úh² ldhsl ixj¾Okh² udkisl ixj¾Okh² Ñ;a;fõ. ixj¾Okh² iudc ixj¾Okh² iodpdr ixj¾Okh² nqoaê ixj¾Okh

² kj fh!jkhd uqyqK fok .eg¨² wOHdmk .eg¨² udkisl .eg¨² mjq, yd iudch wdY%s; .eg¨² jD;a;Sh .eg¨

12'3 Ôj; a jk mßirhfi!LHdrlaIs; f,i mj;ajd.ek Sug wmøjHhl<ukdlrKh lrhs'

13'1 fh!jk wjêfha i sÿjkixj¾Okh úu¾YKh lrhs'

13'2 kj fhdjqka úfha u;=jk.eg¨j,g id¾:lj úi÷ïfidhhs'

² T!Iëh Ydl mßirw,xldrKfhaoS Ndú; lrhs'

² wmøjH neyer lsÍfïfhda.H l%u f;dard .kshs'

² wmøjH m %; spl S %lrKl%fudamdhka ms<sn| meyeÈ,slrhs'

² 3R ixl,amh meyeÈ,s lrhs'² wjg mßirh

fi!LHdrlaIs; j mj;ajd.kshs'

² kj fhdjqka úh y÷kajhs'² kj fhdj qk a úfh a

ixj¾Okfha i ajNdjhúia;r lrhs'

² kj fhdj qk a úfh aixj¾Okfha i sÿjkfjkialïj,gwkqj¾;kh fjhs'

² kj fh!jkhd uqyqK fok.eg¨ úia;r lrhs'

² kj fh!jkhd u qy qKfok.eg¨j,g fya; =bÈßm;a lrhs'

13' kj fhdjqka úfhaixj¾OkfhaiajNdjh úuiñkafm!reIhixj¾Okhlr.kshs'

10

10

10


bf.kqï M,

27

² kj fh!jkhd uqyqK fok .eg¨ we;sùuflfrys n,mdk idOl

² .eg¨ wju lr.ekSfï ls%hd ud¾.

² fm!reIh² ye¢kaùu

² fm!reI ixj¾Okh flfrys n,mdkidOl² Ôj úoHd;aul² mdßißl idOl

² fm!reI ixj¾Okh lr.ekSu i|ydfh!jkhdf.a odhl;ajh² mjq, ;=<² mdi, ;=<² iudch ;=<

² iaj ixl,amh² ye¢kaùu² j¾Okh

² udkisl ksfrda.S;djh² ye¢kaùu² jeo.;alu² ksfrda.S ukila we;s mqoa.,fhl=f.a

,laIK² udkisl ksfrda.S;djh flfrys n,mdk

idOl

² fhdjqka úfha .eg¨ wjulr.ekSug fhd ackdbÈßm;a lrhs'

² YS% ,xldfõ kj fhdjqkaúha orejkaf.a ixj¾Okhgwod,j f.k we;s ls%hdud¾. úia;r lrhs'

² fm!reIh y÷kajhs'² fm!reI ixj¾Okhg

n,mdk idOl úia;rlrhs'

² fm!reI ixj¾Okhlr.ekSug ls%hd lrhs'

² iaj ixl,amh y÷kajhs'² i aj ixl,amh

f.dvkef.k wdldrhúia;r lrhs'

² udkisl ksfrd a. S;djhy÷kajhs'

² udkisl ksfrda.S;djfhajeo.;alu úia;r lrhs'

² m qo a.,fhl=g k sfrd a. Sukil wjYH;dj fmkajdfohs'

13'3 fm!reI ixj¾Okh isÿjkwdldrh úuid n,hs'

13'4 udkisl .eg¨j,g id¾:ljuqyqK fohs'

10

08


bf.kqï M,

28

14'1 jHjidhl;aj ixj¾Okh;=<ska iq¿ mßudK jHdmdrhlaie,iqï lrhs'

14'2 i q¿ mßudK jHdmdrlghq;=j, § M,Þhs;dj jeäl< yels Wml%u ú.%y lrhs'

² udkisl mSvkh² ye¢kaùu² udkisl mSvk iys; mqoa.,fhl=f.a

.;s ,laIK² udkisl mSvkh wju lr.ekSfï

l%u

² jHjidhl;ajh yd jHjidhlhdye¢kaùu

² jHjidhlhl=f.a ,laIK² jHjidhl;aj ixj¾Okh² jHdmdr wjia:d y÷kd .ekSu² jHdmdr mßirh yd ixl,am² iq¿ mßudK jHdmdrhla ie,iqï lsÍfï

§ ie,ls,su;a úh hq;= lreKq² Yÿ w; úYaf,aIKh (SWOT)

² jHdmdr ie,eiau² ye¢kaùu² ixrpl

² M,Þhs;dj ye¢kaùu² M,Þhs;dj i|yd i,ld n,k úúO Wmudk

² N+ñ M,Þhs;dj² Y%u M,Þhs;dj² uQ,H M,Þhs;dj² fhojqïj, M,Þhs;dj

² iq¿ mßudK jHdmdrfha M,ÞhS;dj by<kexùfï Wml%u² ie,iqï lsÍu

² udkisl ksfrda.S;djhgn,mdk idOl meyeÈ,slrhs'

² udkisl mSvkh y÷kajhs'² udkisl m Svkh wju

lr.ekSfï Wml%ufhdackd lrhs'

² jHjidhl;ajhks¾jpkh lrhs'

² jHjidhlhl=f.a úfYaI,laIK y÷kajhs'

² jHdmdr wjia:d y÷kd.kshs'

² jHdmdrhla weröfï §ie,lsh hq;= lreKq ,ehsia;=.; lrhs'

² Yÿ w;$ ;rÕldÍ;ajúYaf,aIKh lrhs'

² jHdmdr ie,ei aulwjYH;dj yd ixrplmeyeÈ,s lrhs'

² M,Þhs;dj y÷kajhs'² M,Þhs;dj jeä lrk úúO

Wmudk yd Wml%u úia;rlrhs'

² mxp úO ixl, amhwkq.ukh lrñkaM,ÞhS;dj jeä lr .kakdwdldrh ú.%y lrhs'

14

14

14' id¾:l f,i iq¿mßudK jHdmdrhlaie,iqï lsÍugwjYH jHjidhl;ajl=i,;d m%.+Klrhs'


bf.kqï M,

29

² iq¿ mßudK jHdmdrhlM,odhS;dj by< kexúhyels Wml%u úia;r lrhs'

² ;;a;aj md,kh y÷kajhs'² ukd l<ukdlrK

Wml%u meyeÈ,s lrhs'² k sI amdokj, ;;a; aj

md,kh lsÍfï jeo.;alumeyeÈ,s lrhs'

² iudc j.lSï yd idrO¾uúia;r lrhs'

² jHdmdr lghq;=j, § iudcj.lSï yd idrO¾uwkq.ukh lsÍfïwjYH;dj ú.%y lrhs'

14'3 i q¿ mßudK jHdmdrhlksIamdokj, ;;a;aj md,khú.%y lrhs'

² wjfndaOh ,nd §u² fnÞ yeÍu² ld¾hhka ir, lsÍu² mßirh we;s lsÍu² ixialD;sh we;s lsÍu

² M,ÞhS;ajh by< kxjk l%u² mxp úO ixl,amh yd wdrlaIdj we;s

lsÍu² mxp úO ixl,amh² lhsika ixl,amh

² ;;a;aj md,kh ye¢kaùu² jeo.;alu² ukd l<ukdlrK Wml%u

^Good Management Practices- GMP &² iudc idr O¾u² iudc wdpdr O¾u² iudc j.lSï

14

úih ks¾foayh 12 13 fy%aks homeeco.pdf · wohhk fmdÿ iy;sl m;% ^wiia fm

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