i.introduction ii.role model of government legal system standardization activities for web...

25 August 2014Bangkok, Thailand

ASEAN-ITU Seminar on ICT Accessibility and Assistive Technologies for Equity in Society

Government Efforts to Improve Web Accessibility in

Republic of Korea

Prof. Sukil KimChungbuk National University

ContentsI. Introduction

II. Role Model of Government• Legal System

• Standardization

• Activities for Web Accessibility

• R&D and Distribution of AT

• Resources

• Man Power

III. Concluding Remarks

2

Ⅰ. Introduction

Korea can be a successful practice in Web accessibility improvement policy.

2009 2010 2011 2012 201378808284868890929496

PwDLow IncomeAgr/FisheryEldery

Digital Divide Factors – ICT infra

2009 2010 2011 2012 20130

20

40

60

80

100

120

Gov't

Municipal

e-Gov't

Educ

NIA Web-Accessibility Survey – Scores

3

Ⅰ. Introduction

Brief Progress• Before 1998: Morning Calm – Beginning period

– Study Group was organized in university level, and

– Introduced W3C Standardization efforts

• 1998~ 2008: Hot 10 Years – Dramatic improvement

– Leading by KADO (Government),

– Collaboration with Universities & Industries

• After 2008: New Era – Stationary period

– Industries have grown up: 3 WA mark agencies.

– Gov’t controls WA mark quality.

– Organized experts for consulting web accessibility

4

Ⅰ. Introduction

Morning Calm Hot 10 Years New Era

~ 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14

Information Culture Center(ICC) Korea Agency for Digital

Opportunity and Promotion(KADO)National Information

Society Agency

Sense Reader, Xvision Technology Web Eye SeriesNVDA, Korea

WCAG 2.0WCAG 1.0

Korea Digital Divide Act

KWCAG 2.1, TTA KWCAG 2.0, NCS KWCAG 1.0, NCS

Nationwide Annual Web Accessibility Survey

MAAG 1.0

Korea DDA

Web Accessibility Promotion, Education

NIA Web Accessibility Certification Nat’l Cert.

M-App Access. Survey

KADO-WAH 1.0

MS DOS based SR

2.0 3.0 4.0

RevisionNational Informatization Act

5

Ⅱ. Role Model of Government

Strong Legal Support

Standardization

Annual Survey of Web Accessibility

R&D and Distribution of AT Products, WA Tools

Resources

Man Power

6

Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Strong Legal Support

※ source : G3ict, Web Accessibility Policy Making, 2012

Strong Legal Support

7


Major Laws :• Welfare Law for Persons with Disabilities (April 11, 2007)

– Article 8 (Prevention of discrimination)

– Article 22 (Access to information)

• Anti-Discrimination Against and Remedies for Persons with Disabilities Act (April 11, 2008)

– Article 21 (Duty to provide legitimate accommodation in relation to telecom-munication and communication)

– Enforcement Decree Article 14 (Scope of phased provision of reasonable convenience and content of such convenience in information telecommunica-tion and communication)

– Specifies ‘Web Content’ as a target, and

– Is induced to comply with KWCAG gradually over 5 years.

– Article 50 (Fine) : ≤30,000USD

• National Informatization Act (May 22, 2009)

– Article 32 (Guarantee of accessing and using information by persons with disabilities, aged citizens, etc.)

– Introduces operation of ‘Web Accessibility Quality’ mark8


Web Accessibility Quality Mark System• In 2007, NIA introduced ‘WA mark’ to promote best

practice websites that fully comply with KWCAG Std. • This is one of the most successful means of policy.

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130

100200300400500600700800

Failed

Certified

NIA’s WA Mark Applications vs Certifications

※ Central Gov’t: 141/ Local Gov’t: 280/ Public Org.: 995/ Private Org.:14 websites

• New system introduced in Nov 23, 2013 according to revised NI Act.

– Terminates NIA’s WA mark process, and

– Outsources to 3 WA Mark issuers selected through a contest.

37.5% 35.0%

16.4%

42.0% 45.2%48.1% 66.3%

9


Web Accessibility Quality Mark System• National Informatization act (Amendments: May 22 2013, En-

forced: Nov 23 2013) : Article 32 ∮ 2~5– Article 32 ∮ 2 (Approvement of issuers)

– Article 32 3 (∮ Cancellation of issuers)

– Article 32 4 (Use∮ of quality mark)

– Article 32 5 (∮ Cancellation of quality marker)

• 3 Issuers:– Web Watch Co.: http://www.webwatch.or.kr

– KWACC (Korea Blind Union): http://www.kwacc.or.kr

– IWAC (KFOD): http://www.wa.or.kr/

10

http://www.webwatch.or.kr/

http://www.kwacc.or.kr/

http://www.wa.or.kr/

Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Standardization

Standardization • Since 2002, WA experts had simulated all WCAG 1.0 requirements as

candidates of KWCAG 1.0.

• In 2004, TTA-KWCAG 1.0 was developed, and

• In 2005, KCS-KWCAG 1.0 was accepted as 1st National STD.

• In 2009, KWCAG 1.0 Technical Guidebook was published, and

• Freely distributed the guidebook to public.

• In 2009, TTA-KWCAG 2.0 was developed, and

• In 2010, KCS-KWCAG 2.0 was accepted as revision of National STD

• In 2011, KWCAG 1.0 Technical Guidebook was revised and distributed.

• In 2013, TTA-KWCAG 2.1 was developed, mainly focused on mobile web11


National Standards• KWCAG 1.0 (Korean web content accessibility guidelines 1.0)

– Established in Dec 21, 2005

– 4 principles, 14 guidelines, 65 requirements

• KWCAG 1.0 Technical Guidebook

– Released in March 17, 2009

– Collection of how to design accessible websites according to KWCAG 1.0

• 3 Key Ideas for Standardization:

– By thorough evaluation of every requirement WCAG 1.0, crucial re-quirements were carefully selected to be KWCAG 1.0.

– Built ‘smart WA scoring system,’ in which a score of a requirement is adjusted according to the awareness of the requirement.

– WA score is reflected in governmental evaluation (ICT factor) of the or-ganization.

12


13

Smart WA Scoring System

Checklists weight score

1Existence of alt text 3

Proper alt text 12

2 Proper captions 10

3 Perceivable content without color 3

4 Clear instructions 3

5 Color contrast 3

6 No background sounds 2

7 Keyboard operable 10

8

Perceivable keyboard focus 5

Logical order of keyboard focus movement

5

9 Time limit 2

10 Stoppable moving content 2

11 Blinking content 2

12 Link block 4

Checklists weight score

13

Proper page title 3

Proper frame title 3

Proper title of content block 1

14 Proper link text 3

15 Default language 1

16 Activation upon user request 4

17 Linearity of content 3

18Caption & Summary of tables 2

Header cell & data cell of tables 1

19 Labels of forms 3

20 Error corrections 3

21 Markup grammar errors 2

22 Accessible web applications 5

sum 100 100

※ 2013 version


ICT Accessibility Standards Type Standards title Number Year

Korea Comm.

Standards(KCS)

Automatic Teller Machine Accessibility Guidelines 1.0

KICS.KO-09.0040 Dec 19 2007

Korean Web content accessibility Guidelines 2.0 KICS.OT-10.0003/R1 Dec 31 2010

Code Guideline for Printed Material Accessibility with Braille and Text-to-Speech for People with Visual Impairment

KCS.KO-06.0181 Dec 18 2012

TTAStandards

(TTAS)

Korean Authoring Tools Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 TTAS.OT-10.0074 Dec 27, 2006

Digital Audio Books Guideline 1.0 TTAS.OT-09.0001 Dec 27 2006

Software Accessibility Guideline 1.0 TTAS.KO-10.0213 Dec 27 2006

Korean User Agents Accessibility Guideline 1.0 TTAS.OT-10.0073 Dec 27 2006

Electronic Document Accessibility Guideline 1.0 TTAS.OT-10.0122 Dec 26 2007

Mobile Phone Keypads Accessibility Guideline 1.0 TTAS.KO-06.0152 Dec 26 2007AD 2D Barcode for the People with Visual Impair-ment

TTAK.KO-06.0180 Aug 28 2008

Korean Web content accessibility Guidelines 2.0TTAK.OT-10.0003/

R1 Dec 27 2009

Web Contents Usability Guideline for Persons with Disabilities

TTAK.OT-10.0294 Dec 23 2010

Mobile Application Accessibility Guidelines TTAK.KO-10.0634 Dec 21 2012

Korean Web content accessibility Guidelines 2.1TTAK.OT-10.0003/

R2Dec 18 2013※ Several Korean Industrial Standard (KS) are maintained, but KCS & KS will

be merged into Korean Standard soon.

14

Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Annual WA Survey

Annual WA Survey• Overview

– Since 2005, NIA evaluate national web accessibility factor in order to

– Find trend of WA compliance.

• Applied NCS Version

– KWCAG 1.0: ~2010 / KWCAG 2.0: 2011~

• Results:

※ In 2011, Avg. WA scores are lowered due to - new KWCAG 2.0 standard & - expansion of samples according to Anti-Discrimination Act

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130

100200300400500600700800900

no. of sites

72.281.8 79.8 81

86.6 86.977.1 83.1 84.5

KWCAG 1.0 KWCAG 2.0STD:

Annual WA Survey – Avg. Scores/No. of Sites

15

Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Annual WA Survey

Annual WA Survey

2009 2010 2011 2012 20130

20

40

60

80

100

120Gov't

Municipal

e-Gov't

Educ

Curtural

Medical

Potals/Banks

Annual WA Survey – Scores of Every Sector

Central Gov’t/ Local Gov’tSpecial Education Schools/ Day care center for young children with disabilities/General Hospitals/ Social Welfare Organizations / Residential Facilities for Persons with Disabilities

Public Libraries/Public Museum/ Art Gallery/Organizations for Arts, Cultures & Physical Activities

Elementary, Middle, High Schools/ Universities/Clinics, Dental Clinics, Korean Traditional Hospital

Movie Theater (>300)/ Other Theaters & Concert Halls, etc. (>1,000)

Private Kindergartens/ Research Fac.All Corporate BodiesR

esp

on

sib

le S

ecto

rs

16

Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - R&D, Distribution of AT

R&D Funding for AT • NIA supports $300,000/year to 2~4 AT industries.

• S & M Business Administration also supports R&D funds to indus-tries.

Distribution of AT Products• NIA distributes 4,000 AT products a year.

• Consumers w. disabilities can buy an AT product for 20% of the regular price. Government supports up to 80% of the price.

17


R&D Funding for AT • Since 2004, NIA has developed 32 AT products.

• AT industries has exported 10,398 AT products ($4.6m) to USA, Japan and other countries.

18

Type 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Total

PhysicalImpairment

1 2 1 - 3 1 2 1 - - 11

VisualImpairment

1 - 3 1 1 - 1 1 2 1 11

HearingImpairment

1 1 - 3 - 1 1 1 1 1 10

Total 3 3 4 4 4 2 4 3 3 2 32

< AT Products – R&D>


Distribution of AT • Since 2003, NIA has distributed 41,791 products (including S/W).

19

Type 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Total

PhysicalImpairment

80 274 423 826 1,181 1,343 1,254 852 677 673 4258,008(19%)

VisualImpairment

1,754 624 599 1,380 1,400 2,993 1,974 1,583 1,870 1,200 1,20916,586(40%)

HearingImpairment

517 217 262 353 137 2,190 1,126 1,986 1,689 2,275 2,83813,590(33%)

PCs 3,307 - 300 - - - - - - - -3,607(8%)

Total 5,658 1,115 1,584 2,559 2,718 6,526 4,354 4,421 4,236 4,148 4,47241,791(100%)

< AT Products – Distribution>


Development & Distribution of WA Evaluation S/W• NIA developed K-WAH, that is simple, automatic WA evaluation

S/W.• WA Mark Issuers request self checking score of website before

applying WA Mark Certification.• Currently, K-WAH ver. 4.4 is available, and • Freely downloadable from ‘WA Lab’ site: http://www.wah.or.kr/

Achive/Kadowah.asp

13.01 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14.01 2 3 40

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000 No. of Downloads – K-WAH 4.0 (2013~)

20


K-WAH 4.4• Evaluates 6 Requirements:

1) Existence of Alternative Text for Images

2) Existence of Title of web pages

3) Existence of Page Language Definition

4) Notification of New Pages Open

5) Existence of Labels for All Interactive UI Elements

6) Correctness of Markup Grammars (HTML 4.0, XHTML 1.1, HTML5)

K-WAH 4.4, revised version in 2012K-WAH 3.0, revised version in 2010

21

Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Resources

Resources

• NIA is full charge of WA promotions:

– Education on web accessibility

– Seminars, International & Local

• Training Experts:

– Cultivates WA Supporters

– Online WA Consulting through ‘WA Lab, NIA’ & ‘Google

Groups’

22


Training WA Experts• Free training to public in order to increase awareness on WA.• Since 2005, 18,763 people have completed WA training courses.

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500 No. of People - WA Training Course Completed

23


Workshops/Seminars• NIA organizes biannual WA seminar & workshop in order to Intro-

duce up-to-date technologies, best practices, standards, legal systems, etc.

• Since 2004, NIA has organized 22 seminars.

• Usually, 439 participants attend in a seminar for the past 5 years.

※ Speakers include Judy Brewer (W3C WAI Chair), Bonnie Kearney (Microsoft’s Chief of Acc. Tech.), T. V. Raman (Google’s Accessibility Specialist), and etc.

24


Web Accessibility Lab, NIA Site• WA Portal, that provides

– Resources, such as standards, state-of-art technologies, Training and Seminar Schedules and etc.,

– Online Q&A service,

– Download service of K-WAH 4, an automated WA evaluation software, etc.

13.3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1214.01 2 3 40

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

No. of Accum. Visitors – WA Lab, NIA

25

Ⅱ. Role Model of Gov’t - Man Power

Man Power

• For 10 years, NIA did not change senior officers who are in

charge of WA promotions.

• Consistently trains WA experts and specialists until public sec-

tor can train their own engineers.

• NIA gives trainees a chance to work as an expert.

• Maintains human networks with the disabilities.

26


WA Supporters• NIA organizes groups of WA supporter, that provide free consult-

ing and inspection services to less developed sectors which experience technical and financial difficulties, such as small shops, public organizations, welfare centers, etc.

• NIA has trained 213 WA supporters, that consult 5,000 times in 2 years.

Year people

2012 101

2013 112

Total 213

< WA Supporters Trained >

2012 2013 Total

No. of

websites1,782 1,390 3,172

No. of consult. &

insp. services3,000 2,000 5,000

< Annual Consult. & Insp. Services>

27


Organizing Expert Group • NIA organizes ‘WA experts’ to provide online Q&A services to pub-

lic.• Anybody can ask WA experts for help about technical difficulties.• Online Q&A through WA Lab, NIA:

– URL : http://www.wah.or.kr/Consulting/introduce.asp

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014.4 Total

No. of Q&As 59 881 851 604 691 1,008 115 4,209

<No. of Q&As since 2008>

28

http://www.wah.or.kr/Consulting/introduce.asp

http://www.wah.or.kr/Consulting/introduce.asp

Ⅲ. Concluding Remarks

Korea is one of best practices• Government’s key role is to prepare legal system for WA.

• Standardization strategy shall also concern the ability of the so-ciety.

• Continuous efforts, such as training, consulting and other pro-motions must be provided until public sectors can stand alone.

• Enthusiasm of officers and staffs is invisible, but very impor-tant!!

We are ready to share experiences with ASEAN countries.

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Ⅲ. Concluding Remarks

Contact Point:

• Mr. Gregory Pokorny: [email protected]

• IT Assistance Program: http://eng.nia.or.kr/english/eng_nia.asp

30

Thank you

i.introduction ii.role model of government legal system standardization activities for web...

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